WO2022096742A1 - Verfahren zum wärmeeintrag in zumindest eine komponente einer abgasnachbehandlungseinrichtung, software und steuer- oder regeleinrichtung - Google Patents
Verfahren zum wärmeeintrag in zumindest eine komponente einer abgasnachbehandlungseinrichtung, software und steuer- oder regeleinrichtung Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022096742A1 WO2022096742A1 PCT/EP2021/081092 EP2021081092W WO2022096742A1 WO 2022096742 A1 WO2022096742 A1 WO 2022096742A1 EP 2021081092 W EP2021081092 W EP 2021081092W WO 2022096742 A1 WO2022096742 A1 WO 2022096742A1
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- Prior art keywords
- catalytic converter
- exhaust gas
- heated catalytic
- internal combustion
- combustion engine
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N11/00—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity
- F01N11/002—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity the diagnostic devices measuring or estimating temperature or pressure in, or downstream of the exhaust apparatus
- F01N11/005—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity the diagnostic devices measuring or estimating temperature or pressure in, or downstream of the exhaust apparatus the temperature or pressure being estimated, e.g. by means of a theoretical model
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N11/00—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity
- F01N11/007—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity the diagnostic devices measuring oxygen or air concentration downstream of the exhaust apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
- F01N3/025—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust
- F01N3/0253—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust adding fuel to exhaust gases
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
- F01N3/2013—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating using electric or magnetic heating means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
- F01N3/2013—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating using electric or magnetic heating means
- F01N3/2026—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating using electric or magnetic heating means directly electrifying the catalyst substrate, i.e. heating the electrically conductive catalyst substrate by joule effect
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2053—By-passing catalytic reactors, e.g. to prevent overheating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/36—Arrangements for supply of additional fuel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N9/005—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus using models instead of sensors to determine operating characteristics of exhaust systems, e.g. calculating catalyst temperature instead of measuring it directly
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
- F01N2240/14—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a fuel burner
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
- F01N2240/16—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being an electric heater, i.e. a resistance heater
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2410/00—By-passing, at least partially, exhaust from inlet to outlet of apparatus, to atmosphere or to other device
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
- F01N2560/02—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being an exhaust gas sensor
- F01N2560/025—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being an exhaust gas sensor for measuring or detecting O2, e.g. lambda sensors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
- F01N2560/06—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being a temperature sensor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
- F01N2560/14—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics having more than one sensor of one kind
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
- F01N2900/08—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the engine
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
- F01N2900/14—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the exhaust gas
- F01N2900/1402—Exhaust gas composition
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
- F01N2900/14—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the exhaust gas
- F01N2900/1404—Exhaust gas temperature
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
- F01N2900/14—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the exhaust gas
- F01N2900/1411—Exhaust gas flow rate, e.g. mass flow rate or volumetric flow rate
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for introducing heat into at least one component of an exhaust gas aftertreatment device of an internal combustion engine, in which a partial flow of an exhaust gas flow is at least partially converted with fuel in a heated catalytic converter and returned to the exhaust gas flow.
- the invention also relates to a control or regulating device and a computer program for carrying out such a method.
- the component enables chemical conversion of the raw exhaust gas, the component generally requires a certain operating temperature of, for example, more than 200° C. or even more than 300 C. in order to clean the raw exhaust gas with sufficient efficiency.
- Particulate filters can already be effective at ambient temperature. However, these have to be regenerated at a certain load, which is usually caused by oxidation of the embedded particles at high levels Temperatures and gaseous discharge of the combustion products takes place.
- this known device has the disadvantage that during dynamic operation of an internal combustion engine, in particular in motor vehicles, the exhaust gas mass flow and its composition varies. Since the amount of heat given off by the heated catalytic converter to the components of the exhaust aftertreatment device depends non-linearly on the supplied exhaust gas quantity, the supplied fuel quantity and the composition of the supplied exhaust gas, this leads to strong fluctuations in the heat emitted by the heated catalytic converter. In addition, the temperature control becomes one Component of an exhaust aftertreatment device complicated by long dead times.
- the internal combustion engine can, in some embodiments of the invention, be a spark-ignition engine or be a petrol engine. In other embodiments of the invention, the internal combustion engine can be a self-igniting internal combustion engine or be a diesel engine.
- the internal combustion engine used according to the invention can be part of a motor vehicle, for example a car or a truck. In other embodiments of the invention, the internal combustion engine can be used in a construction machine or a ship. In still other embodiments of the invention, the internal combustion engine can also be used in stationary power generators or compressors.
- the component of an exhaust gas aftertreatment device used according to the invention can be a three-way catalytic converter, for example.
- the component can be selected from an oxidation catalytic converter, a storage catalytic converter, an SCR system and/or a particle filter.
- a plurality of such components can also be present in an exhaust gas aftertreatment device and the raw exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine can flow through them in parallel or sequentially.
- the device for generating heat is largely independent of the internal combustion engine, so that the internal combustion engine does not have to be operated under unfavorable operating conditions in order to generate additional heat. Rather, the internal combustion engine can always be operated in such a way that the mechanical power required in each case is provided with the lowest possible pollutants and/or the lowest possible use of fuel.
- the method according to the invention is based on determining the exhaust gas temperature upstream and/or downstream of the component of the exhaust gas aftertreatment device provided for heat input and controlling or regulating the amount of heat emitted by the heated catalytic converter as a function of the temperature.
- the heat emitted by the heated catalytic converter can be influenced by the fuel quantity supplied and/or the mass flow of the partial flow of the raw exhaust gas supplied to the heated catalytic converter as a reference variable will .
- the heated catalytic converter can have further reference variables, for example a supply of ambient air or an electrical heating device. These can be controlled in the same way.
- the fuel supplied to the heating catalytic converter is completely or at least partially liquid.
- the setpoint value of the exhaust gas temperature controlled in this way at at least one predeterminable point of the exhaust gas aftertreatment device can vary during operation of the internal combustion engine.
- the target value upstream of a particle filter can be temporarily increased if a differential pressure sensor detects an impermissibly high loading of the particle filter and the particle filter is to be regenerated by oxidizing the particles.
- the target value of the exhaust gas temperature can then be lowered again as a function of time or as a function of measured values when the particle filter has been regenerated.
- the exhaust gas temperature can be regulated in such a way that it does not fall below certain minimum values, for example when operating oxidation catalytic converters or SCR systems, which require a minimum temperature for operation. If the temperature falls below this minimum, for example due to partial load operation of the internal combustion engine, additional heat can be introduced by the heated catalytic converter used according to the invention.
- the exhaust gas temperature can be before and/or after the component of the exhaust gas after- treatment device can be detected with at least one temperature sensor.
- Thermocouples or resistance thermometers which generate an electrical signal corresponding to the temperature, can be used as temperature sensors in a manner known per se.
- the command variables on the heated catalytic converter can then be influenced in order to control or regulate the manipulated variable for the thermal output of the heated catalytic converter.
- the exhaust gas temperature can be determined upstream and/or downstream of the component of the exhaust gas aftertreatment device from the operating state of the internal combustion engine. This feature makes it possible to save on additional sensors and thereby increase operational reliability.
- the temperature that occurs at a catalytic converter or a particle filter can be calculated or tabulated from the thermal power converted in the internal combustion engine, the proportion of this power released into the exhaust gas and the heat dissipation of the exhaust pipe upstream of the component as a function of the outside temperature and the inflow speed of the relative wind . This allows a heat balance to be drawn up for the component and the resulting temperatures to be derived without using a temperature sensor in the exhaust gas flow.
- a portion of the exhaust gas temperatures may be measured and another portion of the exhaust gas temperatures may be calculated.
- the temperature upstream of the oxidation catalytic converter can be calculated from a measured temperature downstream of an oxidation catalytic converter and the operating state of the internal combustion engine, or vice versa.
- the inlet temperature or the outlet temperature of an oxidation catalyst can be derived from a temperature downstream of an oxidation catalyst SCR system are determined, which is located downstream of the oxidation catalyst.
- the operating state of the internal combustion engine that is used to determine the exhaust gas temperature can be determined from currently present map values or map ranges of the engine controller of the internal combustion engine. It is therefore no longer necessary, for example, to measure the exhaust gas mass flow of the raw exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine. Instead, the exhaust gas mass flow can be determined with high accuracy from the intake air quantity and the fuel quantity supplied. In some cases, the operating state of the internal combustion engine can be determined with greater accuracy using other maps, for example the measured values of an ⁇ probe, the speed, the accelerator pedal position, the position of the EGR valve, the cooling water temperature or other values not explicitly mentioned here.
- Heated catalytic converters of the type used show a non-linear behavior of the heat emission as a function of the supplied fuel quantity and/or the partial flow of the raw exhaust gas supplied to the heated catalytic converter.
- the fuel quantity supplied to the heated catalytic converter and/or the partial flow of the raw exhaust gas supplied to the heated catalytic converter is determined by means of at least one heated catalytic converter characteristics map.
- the input variables of the heated catalytic converter map can be selected, for example, from the exhaust gas mass flow of the internal combustion engine and/or the oxygen content of the raw exhaust gas and/or at least one exhaust gas temperature and/or a driving profile and/or a navigation destination and/or position data and/or the state of charge of at least a battery .
- the control or regulation by means of a heating catalyst map has the particular advantage that the regulation can be carried out very quickly even in highly dynamic operation, since only the conversion table stored in the control unit The setpoint values of the command variables that are just right for the operating conditions of the internal combustion engine must be read out and set on the heated catalytic converter.
- the exhaust gas mass flow of the internal combustion engine and/or the oxygen content of the raw exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine and/or at least one exhaust gas temperature can be determined with a first reference-controlled synthesizer.
- a reference-controlled synthesizer designates a system which reconstructs non-measurable variables from known input variables and output variables of the internal combustion engine.
- the synthesizer reproduces the internal combustion engine as a model and uses a controller to adjust the state variables that can be measured and are therefore comparable with the real internal combustion engine.
- an exhaust gas mass flow of the raw exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine can be calculated from the intake air mass and the supplied fuel quantity, without the exhaust gas mass flow having to be measured with great technical effort and without a growing error being generated over the operating time.
- the thermal power emitted by the heated catalytic converter can be determined from the fuel quantity fed to the heated catalytic converter and/or the partial flow of the raw exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine fed to the heated catalytic converter and/or the oxygen content of the raw exhaust gas by means of a second, reference-controlled synthesizing. This means that there is always an exact measured value of the thermal output or the amount of heat introduced by the heated catalytic converter into the exhaust aftertreatment is available without this thermal output having to be measured with great technical effort.
- the heated catalytic converter can have at least one second operating state in which the air ratio ⁇ of the heated catalytic converter is between approximately 0.75 and approximately 30.
- the heated catalytic converter can have at least a second operating state in which the air ratio ⁇ of the heated catalytic converter is between approximately 1.0 and approximately 10.
- This first operating state can also be referred to as burner operation, since the fuel quantity supplied is largely or completely converted in the heated catalytic converter with the residual oxygen in the raw exhaust gas.
- the heated catalytic converter emits a hot gas which can be fed via an exhaust gas line to the component of the exhaust gas aftertreatment and heats it up by direct heat input.
- the heated catalytic converter can also have at least a fourth operating state in which the air ratio ⁇ of the heated catalytic converter is between approximately 0.05 and approximately 0.7.
- the air ratio ⁇ of the heated catalytic converter is between approximately 0.05 and approximately 0.7.
- part of the fuel is converted exothermically.
- the heat released as a result can be used to vaporize another part of the supplied fuel and release it in gaseous form into the exhaust pipe.
- the fuel can be converted into a synthesis gas by chemical reactions at the heated catalytic converter, which is also released into the exhaust pipe.
- the synthesis gas and/or the fuel vapor can, for example, be oxidized on an exhaust gas catalytic converter and release thermal energy there directly in the component of the exhaust gas aftertreatment device to be heated, so that it is heated with lower thermal losses and/or greater thermal output.
- the heating catalyst can have at least one electrical heating device included, which is used in a first operating state to bring the heated catalytic converter to an operating temperature at which fuel supplied to the heated catalytic converter can be at least partially implemented. This allows the heated catalytic converter to be brought up to operating temperature after a cold start.
- the heated catalytic converter can contain at least one electrical heating device which, in an eighth operating state, is used to heat a partial flow of the raw exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine that is supplied to the heated catalytic converter.
- This embodiment makes it possible to introduce heat into at least one component of the exhaust aftertreatment device when there is an excess of available electrical energy, for example when the internal combustion engine is in overrun mode and is recuperating, even without the supply of fuel.
- the electrical power supplied to the heated catalytic converter can be made dependent on the state of charge of at least one battery, i. H .
- the heated catalytic converter is only heated electrically when the electrical energy is not required as charging current or when position data and the navigation destination enable the battery to be charged at a later point in time in a forward-looking view of the journey.
- the battery can be selected from a starter battery and/or a high-voltage battery of a hybrid drive.
- the partial flow of the raw exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine, which is supplied to the heated catalytic converter can be between approximately 3 kg/h and approximately 200 kg/h. In other embodiments of the invention, the partial flow of the raw exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine, which is supplied to the heated catalytic converter, can be between approximately 3 kg/h and approximately 100 kg/h. In still other embodiments of the invention, the partial flow can be selected between about 6 kg/h and about 80 kg/h. In In still other embodiments of the invention, the partial flow can be selected between about 6 kg/h and about 150 kg/h. The partial flow can be selected as a function of the oxygen content of the raw exhaust gas and/or as a function of the desired operating state of the heated catalytic converter and/or as a function of the required thermal heating output.
- the method proposed according to the invention can be implemented in a computer program which carries out the method according to the invention when the computer program runs on a microprocessor.
- the computer program can be present on a data carrier with data stored on it or in the form of a data-representing signal sequence suitable for transmission via a computer network.
- this relates to a control or regulating device which is set up to carry out the method according to the invention.
- the control or regulating device can have at least one microprocessor or one microcontroller.
- the open-loop or closed-loop control device can contain memories that are set up to hold a computer program.
- the control or regulating device can also contain analog or digital interfaces which can process sensor data, for example the oxygen content of the raw exhaust gas and/or the exhaust gas temperature upstream and/or downstream of the component of the exhaust gas aftertreatment device.
- control or regulating device can have a digital interface which is set up to receive data from an engine controller of the internal combustion engine in order to derive the operating conditions of the heated catalytic converter from the current operating state of the internal combustion engine.
- FIG. 1 shows a first exemplary embodiment of an exhaust gas aftertreatment device that can be used according to the invention.
- FIG. 2 shows a second exemplary embodiment of an exhaust gas aftertreatment device that can be used according to the invention.
- FIG. 3 shows a block diagram of a control or regulating device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 4 shows a structogram of the method according to the invention in a first embodiment.
- FIG. 5 shows a structogram of the method according to the invention in a second embodiment.
- FIG. 6 shows the application of the method according to the invention in a first exemplary embodiment.
- FIG. 7 shows the use of the method according to the invention in a second exemplary embodiment.
- the exhaust aftertreatment device 1 is connected to an internal combustion engine 15 via an exhaust line.
- the internal combustion engine 15 can be a self-igniting or a spark-ignited internal combustion engine of known design.
- the internal combustion engine 15 draws in ambient air and converts it exothermically with the supplied fuel.
- the internal combustion engine 15 delivers mechanical power.
- a raw exhaust gas is produced which, in addition to CO 2 and H 2 O, also Pollutants such as CH X , CO and / or NO X may contain.
- the raw exhaust gas is fed to the exhaust gas aftertreatment device 1 via an exhaust pipe.
- a sensor system can be installed in the exhaust pipe, for example an ⁇ probe to measure the oxygen content of the raw exhaust gas.
- the exhaust gas aftertreatment device 1 contains a first SCR system 13a and a second SCR system 13b.
- the SCR systems are each set up to catalytically reduce nitrogen oxides in the raw exhaust gas by adding a reducing agent. Temperatures above 220°C, preferably above 250°C, are required for this.
- a particle filter 12 is located in the direction of flow between the two SCR systems 13a and 13b.
- the particle filter 12 is set up to retain fine dust or soot particles that occur during operation of the internal combustion engine 15 . If the particle filter 12 becomes clogged with increasing use, it can be temporarily heated to high temperatures with the supply of oxygen, so that the embedded particles are oxidized and discharged in gaseous form.
- the first SCR system 13a and the particle filter 12 are installed close to the engine, so that the thermal energy of the raw exhaust gas is sufficient to bring these components to operating temperature or to keep them at operating temperature.
- the second SCR system 13b is located further downstream in the exhaust pipe, so that it reaches the operating temperature only slowly and/or can cool down below its operating temperature when the internal combustion engine 15 is operated under partial load.
- the exhaust gas cleaning is therefore only insufficient in part-load operation, which is referred to as emission slip in the context of the present description.
- a heated catalytic converter 2 is located in front of the second SCR system 13b.
- a partial flow of the raw exhaust gas flowing in the exhaust line is fed to the heated catalytic converter 2 . Furthermore, a fuel is supplied to the heated catalytic converter, which is mixed with the exhaust gas or the residual oxygen contained in the exhaust gas is converted. The resulting heat is fed back to the exhaust pipe in the form of a hot gas and entered into the second SCR system 13b. This additional heat input can take place both after a cold start and in part-load operation, thus enabling rapid heating on the one hand and preventing cooling during operation on the other.
- the heated catalytic converter 2 can be switched off at full load or when the internal combustion engine is in operating conditions close to full load.
- FIG. 2 shows an oxidation catalyst 11, which is set up to post-oxidize oxidizable components of the raw exhaust gas, such as CO and / or CH x . Downstream of the oxidation catalyst is a particulate filter 12 as described above. Downstream of the particle filter 12 there is an SCR system which serves in particular to reduce NO x .
- the heating catalytic converter 2 is located before the oxidation catalytic converter 11 and after the internal combustion engine 15 . During operation, a partial flow of the untreated exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine 15 that has not been pre-cleaned is thus fed to the heated catalytic converter 2 .
- FIG. 11 also shows three temperature sensors 111 , 112 and 132 .
- the temperature sensors measure the exhaust gas temperature at the inlet to the oxidation catalytic converter and at the outlet from the oxidation catalytic converter and at the exit from the SCR system. These three temperature sensors are only to be understood as examples. In other embodiments of the invention, the number of temperature sensors used can be greater or less. In some cases, no temperature sensor at all can be used, as described above with reference to FIG. In this case, the temperatures can be determined from the operating state of the internal combustion engine, for example with a reference-controlled synthesizer.
- the exhaust gas aftertreatment devices 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 are only to be understood as examples. In other embodiments of the invention, other components can be used, for example three-way catalysts or storage catalysts. Likewise, individual components can be omitted. It is only essential to the invention that at least one component 11 , 12 , 13 is present in the exhaust gas aftertreatment device 1 .
- the object of the invention is to reach the operating temperature of at least one component 11, 12, 13 quickly and/or to maintain it at low exhaust gas temperatures of the internal combustion engine 15, which can occur particularly in the lower part-load range.
- An exhaust gas temperature upstream and/or downstream of the component can either be measured, as shown in FIG. 2, or determined from the operating state of the internal combustion engine. In this second case, too, the temperature is referred to as a "measured value" for the purposes of the present description, even if it was not measured directly, for example by a thermocouple or a resistance thermometer.
- This manipulated variable can be influenced as reference variables by the fuel quantity supplied to the heated catalytic converter 2 and the exhaust gas quantity supplied to the heated catalytic converter and, in some cases, by the electrical energy supplied to the heated catalytic converter.
- the reference variables in turn depend on the oxygen content of the raw exhaust gas, the exhaust gas temperature and the exhaust gas mass flow of the raw exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine 15 .
- the control or regulating device 3 therefore uses a heating catalytic converter map 35 .
- the temperatures measured or determined via a first reference-controlled synthesizer from the data of the engine controller 16 and the oxygen content of the raw exhaust gas are supplied to the heating catalytic converter map 35 .
- the control or regulating device 3 is optionally supplied with measured values read out from the engine controller 16 via a digital data link 351 . The control or regulating device 3 can then read and set the reference variables with the aid of the heating catalytic converter map 35 .
- control or regulating device 3 in addition to the data from the engine controller 16, can be provided with further data, which can then control the reference variables of the heated catalytic converter 2 more quickly or with greater accuracy using characteristic diagrams or by calculation.
- This additional data can be selected from a driving profile and/or a navigation destination and/or position data and/or the state of charge of a battery.
- the heat output of the heated catalytic converter 2 can already be reduced proactively when it is known that the vehicle is about to drive up an incline and this means that a larger and also hotter exhaust gas mass flow of the raw exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine is available.
- Heated catalytic converters can already be activated proactively at the end of an incline in order to avoid or reduce a temperature drop in the components of the exhaust aftertreatment device, which results from the fact that the internal combustion engine only works under partial load or even in overrun mode when driving downhill.
- position data can be used to define a base load range for the heated catalytic converter 2, since, for example, a lower average load on the internal combustion engine 15 can be expected in built-up areas than when driving on the freeway.
- the operation of the vehicle in built-up areas can indicate higher dynamics, whereas a more uniform load requirement is placed on the internal combustion engine 15 when driving overland.
- a navigation destination can also be used to control the heated catalytic converter 2, for example by preventing the regeneration of a particle filter 12 shortly before the destination is reached or by deferring it until the city limits are reached.
- FIG. 4 shows a structogram of a first embodiment of the method according to the invention.
- the heated catalytic converter 2 can be operated in seven different operating states, which are denoted by the reference numerals 51 to 57.
- the procedure according to FIG. 4 is not to be understood in such a way that the seven operating states are necessarily run through sequentially. Rather, at least one temperature is determined after an oxidation catalytic converter, either directly by measurement or indirectly from the operating state of the internal combustion engine. Depending on the temperature and optionally other parameters, for example the operating time of the internal combustion engine, one of the illustrated operating states of the heated catalytic converter 2 is then selected.
- the control or regulating device changes to another depending on the temperature operating status .
- a hysteresis can be used in order to avoid frequent changes in the operating state of the heated catalytic converter 2 .
- the first operating state 51 denotes the start of the heating catalyst.
- the heated catalytic converter can first be preheated with an optional electric heating device by supplying an exhaust gas mass flow, until the supplied fuel is converted exothermically at the heated catalytic converter and the heated catalytic converter continues to heat up to its operating temperature.
- a comparatively large exhaust gas mass flow of, for example, approximately 60 kg/h to approximately 100 kg/h is fed to the heated catalytic converter.
- the heated catalytic converter is operated with an air ratio ⁇ of between about 0.75 and about 3.5 or between about 1.5 and about 2.5. This leads to almost complete conversion of the supplied fuel with the residual oxygen in the exhaust gas supplied to the heated catalytic converter 2 , with the heated catalytic converter in some embodiments being able to deliver a thermal output of approximately 5 kW to approximately 20 kW in the form of a hot gas.
- the third operating state 53 designates an alternating operation in which there is a cyclical switching between a first partial step 53a and a second partial step 53b.
- the operating conditions correspond approximately to the operation in the second method step 52.
- the exhaust gas mass flow is reduced by a factor of 10 to 25, for example to about 3 kg/h to about 10 kg/h, so that the heated catalytic converter with an air ratio /. between about 0.05 and about 0.5 or between about 0.1 and about 0.4 .
- the supplied fuel is not completely converted, but is partially vaporized and partially converted into a synthesis gas. which is fed to the oxidation catalytic converter via the exhaust pipe.
- the heat supplied in the first sub-step 53a allows the synthesis gas to ignite on the oxidation catalyst and be converted there exothermally, so that a heat output of about 13 kW to about 20 kW is released directly on the oxidation catalyst.
- the fourth method step 54 is similar to the second partial step 53b of the third method step 53 .
- the partial flow of exhaust gas fed to the heated catalytic converter is larger and can amount to between approximately 5 kg/h and approximately 20 kg/h.
- the regulation can take place in such a way that a predeterminable proportion of the raw exhaust gas is passed through the heated catalytic converter. For example, approximately 2% and approximately 10% or between approximately 3% and approximately 8% of the exhaust gas flow of the internal combustion engine can be fed to the heated catalytic converter 2 as a partial flow.
- the heated catalytic converter can introduce a thermal output of approximately 10 kW to approximately 50 kW or from approximately 14 kW to approximately 36 kW in the form of an ignitable synthesis gas in the oxidation catalytic converter 11 .
- the fourth operating state 54 is therefore particularly suitable for rapidly heating up the exhaust gas aftertreatment device after a cold start and after the heated catalytic converter has been started in the first method step 51 and a certain preconditioning of the exhaust gas aftertreatment device has taken place in the second and third method steps 52 and 53 .
- the heated catalytic converter 2a can be cleaned in the fifth method step 55 .
- the supplied partial flow is increased again, for example to about 50 kg/h to about 100 kg/h.
- the fuel quantity supplied can be reduced compared to the second method step 52, so that the heat released in the heated catalytic converter 2 is primarily used to oxidize and vaporize remaining deposits and residual fuel to avoid permanent deposits and dirt in the heated catalytic converter 2.
- the sixth method step 56 is suitable for keeping warm, for example when the internal combustion engine 15 generates only low exhaust gas temperatures in the low part-load range or no fuel at all is fed to the internal combustion engine in the overrun mode.
- the thermal output of the heating catalytic converter can be between approximately 0 kW and approximately 10 kW.
- a comparatively small partial flow of about 5 kg/h to about 50 kg/h of the raw exhaust gas is fed to the heated catalytic converter 2, while the heated catalytic converter is supplied with an air ratio ⁇ between about 0.75 and about 3.5 or between about 1.5 and about 2 , 5 is operated .
- the heated catalytic converter 2 is not permanently required at high exhaust gas temperatures, it can also be switched off in the seventh method step 57 . In this case, no fuel is fed to the heated catalytic converter 2, so that it does not emit any heat even if the heated catalytic converter is permanently flowed through by a partial flow of the exhaust gas due to its installation position.
- the method steps 51, 52, 53 and 54 are run through cyclically after a cold start, with switching to the next operating state in each case when predeterminable temperature thresholds are reached.
- With permanent operation of the internal combustion engine can then depending on the exhaust gas temperature or. the deviation of the temperature setpoint of the oxidation catalytic converter from the actual value between the operating states 54 , 55 , 56 and 57 .
- the temperature limit values between the individual operating states can be provided with a hysteresis in order to avoid frequent undesired changes in the operating state.
- a structogram of a second embodiment of the method according to the invention is explained in more detail with reference to FIG. Same components of the invention or. the same operating states are provided with the same reference symbols, so that the following description is limited to the essential differences.
- the control or regulating device checks whether the exhaust gas temperatures before and after the oxidation catalytic converter 11 are above predeterminable limit values and whether the exhaust gas mass flow of the raw exhaust gas exceeds a predeterminable minimum value. If this is the case, the fourth operating state can be started up immediately with a comparatively small partial flow and a low air ratio, which enables rapid heating of the oxidation catalytic converter. If this is not the case, the component of the exhaust gas aftertreatment device is first preheated in catalytic burner operation according to second operating state 52 .
- heated catalytic converter 2 is switched to a warming mode according to sixth operating state 56 described above.
- the procedure according to FIG. 5 differs from the previous regulation primarily in that the control or regulating device 3 of the heated catalytic converter 2 reads the operating data from the engine control 16 of the internal combustion engine 15 and, if necessary. more data, like For example, the remaining driving distance, the topography and the road class are used to determine the required thermal output of the heated catalytic converter 2 in advance and based on the current and/or future operating conditions of the internal combustion engine using the heated catalytic converter map 35 to calculate the respective optimal values for the partial flow and the power Material quantity of the heated catalytic converter 2 is set. In this way, dead times of the control circuit can be eliminated, so that the target values for the temperature of the components of the exhaust aftertreatment can be reached more quickly or the actual temperature fluctuates to a lesser extent.
- FIG. 6 shows the application of the method according to the invention in a first exemplary embodiment of a multi-stage control according to FIG.
- FIG. 6 shows a) the exhaust gas mass flow of a raw exhaust gas in curve A on the left ordinate and the oxygen content of the exhaust gas in curve B on the right ordinate versus time in seconds.
- FIG. 6 b) shows the temperature of the temperature sensor 12 behind the oxidation catalytic converter 11 on the right ordinate in curve C and the output power of the heated catalytic converter in curve D on the left ordinate on the same time axis.
- FIG. 6 shows b) measured values for a target value of 400.degree.
- FIG. 6c shows measured values similar to FIG. 6b), but for a target value of 280° C.
- the output power of the internal combustion engine 15 in the section shown from a WHTC cycle is not constant over time, but rather highly dynamic. Accordingly, the exhaust gas mass flow and the oxygen content of the exhaust gas also change within a few seconds.
- the heated catalytic converter 2 can be controlled very quickly with the control or regulating device according to the invention, so that the heat input through the heated catalytic converter largely compensates for the fluctuating heat input through the internal combustion engine compensated, so that the outlet temperature behind the oxidation catalytic converter 11 varies only to a small extent.
- the oxidation catalytic converter 11 can therefore always be used even when the internal combustion engine is operated under partial load. An emission slip does not occur.
- FIG. 7 The exhaust gas mass flow is shown in curve A in FIG. 7a).
- Figure 7 b) shows in curve F the exhaust gas temperature of the raw exhaust gas downstream of the internal combustion engine.
- curve C the temperature at the outlet of the oxidation catalyst or shown at the entrance of the particle filter.
- FIG. 7c) shows the CO content of the raw exhaust gas in curve E and the CH x content in curve G.
- High exhaust gas temperatures are required for the regeneration of the particle filter 12 in order to oxidize the deposited particles and discharge them from the particle filter 12 in gaseous form.
- the exhaust gas temperature is increased by internal engine measures, which leads to poor consumption and emission values during regeneration.
- FIG. 7 shows, switching on the heated catalytic converter 2 after about 60 seconds leads to a rapid increase in the exhaust gas temperature from about 200° C. to about 600° C.
- the exhaust gas temperature is kept constant within a narrow temperature range by the heated catalytic converter despite the dynamic load requirement on the internal combustion engine and the corresponding fluctuating exhaust gas mass flow over time.
- curves E, F and G show, further internal engine measures for regeneration are not necessary, i. H . the temperature of the raw exhaust gas remains below 250 ° C at all times .
- the pollutant emissions shown in curves E and G during the regeneration of the Particle filters unlike the prior art, not increased.
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Abstract
Description
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JP2023527435A JP2023551112A (ja) | 2020-11-09 | 2021-11-09 | 排出ガス後処理装置の少なくとも1つの構成要素に熱を導入するための方法、ソフトウェア、及び開ループ制御又は閉ループ制御装置 |
KR1020237015501A KR20230100725A (ko) | 2020-11-09 | 2021-11-09 | 배기 가스 후처리 장치의 적어도 하나의 구성 요소에 열을 도입하는 방법, 소프트웨어, 및 개방 루프 또는 폐쇄 루프 제어 장치 |
CN202180074914.0A CN116457557A (zh) | 2020-11-09 | 2021-11-09 | 用于将热量引入废气后处理装置的至少一个部件中的方法、软件和开环或闭环设备 |
EP21810551.8A EP4240947A1 (de) | 2020-11-09 | 2021-11-09 | Verfahren zum wärmeeintrag in zumindest eine komponente einer abgasnachbehandlungseinrichtung, software und steuer- oder regeleinrichtung |
US18/313,674 US20230332527A1 (en) | 2020-11-09 | 2023-05-08 | Method for Introducing Heat Into at Least One Component of an Exhaust-Gas Aftertreatment Device, Software and Open-Loop or Closed-Loop Control Device |
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DE102020129497.2A DE102020129497A1 (de) | 2020-11-09 | 2020-11-09 | Verfahren zum Wärmeeintrag in zumindest eine Komponente einer Abgasnachbehandlungseinrichtung, Software und Steuer- oder Regeleinrichtung |
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DE102011001596A1 (de) * | 2011-03-28 | 2012-10-04 | Hjs Emission Technology Gmbh & Co. Kg | Verfahren zum Zuführen von thermischer Energie in ein in den Abgasstrang einer Brennkraftmaschine eingeschaltetes Abgasreinigungsaggregat |
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JPH0742542A (ja) * | 1993-07-27 | 1995-02-10 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 内燃機関の排気ガス浄化装置 |
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FR2764637B1 (fr) * | 1997-06-16 | 1999-08-13 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Procede et ensemble d'elimination des oxydes d'azote presents dans des gaz d'echappement, utilisant un moyen de piegeage des oxydes d'azote |
JP4442678B2 (ja) * | 2007-10-25 | 2010-03-31 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
DE102019205128A1 (de) | 2018-10-08 | 2020-04-09 | Vitesco Technologies GmbH | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Temperaturmanagement eines Abgasnachbehandlungssystems eines schadstoffausstoßenden Kraftfahrzeuges |
DE102019203306A1 (de) | 2019-03-12 | 2020-09-17 | Vitesco Technologies GmbH | Abgasnachbehandlungsvorrichtung und Verfahren zum Betrieb der Vorrichtung |
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2020
- 2020-11-09 DE DE102020129497.2A patent/DE102020129497A1/de active Pending
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2021
- 2021-11-09 JP JP2023527435A patent/JP2023551112A/ja active Pending
- 2021-11-09 CN CN202180074914.0A patent/CN116457557A/zh active Pending
- 2021-11-09 EP EP21810551.8A patent/EP4240947A1/de active Pending
- 2021-11-09 WO PCT/EP2021/081092 patent/WO2022096742A1/de active Application Filing
- 2021-11-09 KR KR1020237015501A patent/KR20230100725A/ko unknown
-
2023
- 2023-05-08 US US18/313,674 patent/US20230332527A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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EP2154344A2 (de) * | 2008-08-12 | 2010-02-17 | MAN Nutzfahrzeuge AG | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Regeneration eines im Abgastrakt einer Brennkraftmaschine angeordneten Partikelfilters |
DE202009005251U1 (de) * | 2008-12-19 | 2009-12-03 | Hjs Fahrzeugtechnik Gmbh & Co Kg | Abgasreinigungsanlage |
DE102011001596A1 (de) * | 2011-03-28 | 2012-10-04 | Hjs Emission Technology Gmbh & Co. Kg | Verfahren zum Zuführen von thermischer Energie in ein in den Abgasstrang einer Brennkraftmaschine eingeschaltetes Abgasreinigungsaggregat |
DE102018104275A1 (de) * | 2018-02-26 | 2019-08-29 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Abgasnachbehandlungssystem sowie Verfahren zur Abgasnachbehandlung eines Verbrennungsmotors |
WO2020193595A1 (de) | 2019-03-27 | 2020-10-01 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Abgasreinigungsvorrichtung, damit ausgestattete brennkraftmaschine und verfahren zur abgasreinigung |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20230332527A1 (en) | 2023-10-19 |
KR20230100725A (ko) | 2023-07-05 |
EP4240947A1 (de) | 2023-09-13 |
CN116457557A (zh) | 2023-07-18 |
JP2023551112A (ja) | 2023-12-07 |
DE102020129497A1 (de) | 2022-05-12 |
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