WO2022085571A1 - 放射性ジルコニウム錯体の製造方法 - Google Patents
放射性ジルコニウム錯体の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022085571A1 WO2022085571A1 PCT/JP2021/038138 JP2021038138W WO2022085571A1 WO 2022085571 A1 WO2022085571 A1 WO 2022085571A1 JP 2021038138 W JP2021038138 W JP 2021038138W WO 2022085571 A1 WO2022085571 A1 WO 2022085571A1
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- ZBKFYXZXZJPWNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isothiocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=S ZBKFYXZXZJPWNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000644 isotonic solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001427 mPEG Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000325 methylidene group Chemical group [H]C([H])=* 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 238000010647 peptide synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002823 phage display Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000825 pharmaceutical preparation Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940127557 pharmaceutical product Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000008363 phosphate buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002467 phosphate group Chemical group [H]OP(=O)(O[H])O[*] 0.000 description 1
- 239000002504 physiological saline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229950008882 polysorbate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920000136 polysorbate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008672 reprogramming Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002477 rna polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010532 solid phase synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013076 target substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QEMXHQIAXOOASZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethylammonium Chemical class C[N+](C)(C)C QEMXHQIAXOOASZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004417 unsaturated alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A61K51/02—Preparations containing radioactive substances for use in therapy or testing in vivo characterised by the carrier, i.e. characterised by the agent or material covalently linked or complexing the radioactive nucleus
- A61K51/04—Organic compounds
- A61K51/08—Peptides, e.g. proteins, carriers being peptides, polyamino acids, proteins
- A61K51/10—Antibodies or immunoglobulins; Fragments thereof, the carrier being an antibody, an immunoglobulin or a fragment thereof, e.g. a camelised human single domain antibody or the Fc fragment of an antibody
- A61K51/1093—Antibodies or immunoglobulins; Fragments thereof, the carrier being an antibody, an immunoglobulin or a fragment thereof, e.g. a camelised human single domain antibody or the Fc fragment of an antibody conjugates with carriers being antibodies
- A61K51/1096—Antibodies or immunoglobulins; Fragments thereof, the carrier being an antibody, an immunoglobulin or a fragment thereof, e.g. a camelised human single domain antibody or the Fc fragment of an antibody conjugates with carriers being antibodies radioimmunotoxins, i.e. conjugates being structurally as defined in A61K51/1093, and including a radioactive nucleus for use in radiotherapeutic applications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C07B59/00—Introduction of isotopes of elements into organic compounds ; Labelled organic compounds per se
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- A61K51/04—Organic compounds
- A61K51/0474—Organic compounds complexes or complex-forming compounds, i.e. wherein a radioactive metal (e.g. 111In3+) is complexed or chelated by, e.g. a N2S2, N3S, NS3, N4 chelating group
- A61K51/0482—Organic compounds complexes or complex-forming compounds, i.e. wherein a radioactive metal (e.g. 111In3+) is complexed or chelated by, e.g. a N2S2, N3S, NS3, N4 chelating group chelates from cyclic ligands, e.g. DOTA
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- A61K47/50—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates
- A61K47/51—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent
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- A61K47/547—Chelates, e.g. Gd-DOTA or Zinc-amino acid chelates; Chelate-forming compounds, e.g. DOTA or ethylenediamine being covalently linked or complexed to the pharmacologically- or therapeutically-active agent
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- A61K47/68—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being an antibody, an immunoglobulin or a fragment thereof, e.g. an Fc-fragment
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- A61K51/02—Preparations containing radioactive substances for use in therapy or testing in vivo characterised by the carrier, i.e. characterised by the agent or material covalently linked or complexing the radioactive nucleus
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- A61K51/02—Preparations containing radioactive substances for use in therapy or testing in vivo characterised by the carrier, i.e. characterised by the agent or material covalently linked or complexing the radioactive nucleus
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- A61K51/02—Preparations containing radioactive substances for use in therapy or testing in vivo characterised by the carrier, i.e. characterised by the agent or material covalently linked or complexing the radioactive nucleus
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- A61K51/088—Peptides, e.g. proteins, carriers being peptides, polyamino acids, proteins conjugates with carriers being peptides, polyamino acids or proteins
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- C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C07B59/00—Introduction of isotopes of elements into organic compounds ; Labelled organic compounds per se
- C07B59/004—Acyclic, carbocyclic or heterocyclic compounds containing elements other than carbon, hydrogen, halogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C65/00—Compounds having carboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms of six—membered aromatic rings and containing any of the groups OH, O—metal, —CHO, keto, ether, groups, groups, or groups
- C07C65/01—Compounds having carboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms of six—membered aromatic rings and containing any of the groups OH, O—metal, —CHO, keto, ether, groups, groups, or groups containing hydroxy or O-metal groups
- C07C65/03—Compounds having carboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms of six—membered aromatic rings and containing any of the groups OH, O—metal, —CHO, keto, ether, groups, groups, or groups containing hydroxy or O-metal groups monocyclic and having all hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to the ring
- C07C65/05—Compounds having carboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms of six—membered aromatic rings and containing any of the groups OH, O—metal, —CHO, keto, ether, groups, groups, or groups containing hydroxy or O-metal groups monocyclic and having all hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to the ring o-Hydroxy carboxylic acids
- C07C65/10—Salicylic acid
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D257/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having four nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D257/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having four nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms not condensed with other rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D403/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00
- C07D403/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings
- C07D403/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D413/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D413/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing three or more hetero rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F7/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic Table
- C07F7/003—Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic Table without C-Metal linkages
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K7/00—Peptides having 5 to 20 amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
- C07K7/04—Linear peptides containing only normal peptide links
- C07K7/06—Linear peptides containing only normal peptide links having 5 to 11 amino acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K7/00—Peptides having 5 to 20 amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
- C07K7/64—Cyclic peptides containing only normal peptide links
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C07B2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to specific properties of organic compounds
- C07B2200/05—Isotopically modified compounds, e.g. labelled
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a radioactive zirconium complex.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 disclose that an antibody in which radioactive zirconium and deferroxamine (DFO), which is a kind of a ligand compound, are bound to each other is used to form a Zr complex in a liquid containing gentidic acid. There is.
- DFO radioactive zirconium and deferroxamine
- Non-Patent Document 1 describes a method of reacting 89 Zr, which is a radioactive metal, with an antibody to which DFO is bound in a buffer solution containing gentisic acid and adjusted to about pH 7 to form a radioactive metal complex. Have been described.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 and Non-Patent Document 1 no conditions regarding complex formation between DOTA and radioactive zirconium ions have been examined. Further, it is clear from the findings of the present inventors that under the conditions disclosed in these documents, complex formation between any DOTA and radioactive zirconium ions may not proceed well and a sufficient labeling rate may not be achieved. It became. In particular, reaction conditions that can achieve a high labeling rate when the amount of charged radioactivity is increased have been desired.
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a radioactive zirconium complex that can achieve a high labeling rate in a reaction with a ligand compound containing DOTA or a DOTA derivative.
- the present invention is based on radioactive zirconium ions.
- the amount of radioactivity of the radioactive zirconium ion is 60 MBq or more at the start of the reaction, and A ligand compound having a radioactivity amount of 5 MBq or more at the start of the reaction per 1 nmol of the ligand compound was used.
- the present invention provides a method for producing a radioactive zirconium complex, which carries out the above steps in the presence of an additive represented by the following formula (2) or a salt thereof.
- R 11 , R 12 and R 13 are independently ⁇ (CH 2 ) p COOH, ⁇ (CH 2 ) p C 5 H 5 N, ⁇ (CH 2 ) p PO 3 It is a group consisting of H 2 or-(CH 2 ) p CONH 2 , and one of R 14 or R 15 is a hydrogen atom,-(CH 2 ) p COOH,-(CH 2 ) p C 5 H 5 N, -(CH 2 ) p PO 3 H 2 ,-(CH 2 ) p CONH 2 , or-(CHCOOH) (CH 2 ) p COOH, the other is-(CH 2 ) p COOH,- It is a group consisting of (CH 2 ) p C 5 H 5 N,-(CH 2 ) p PO 3 H 2 , or- (CH 2 ) p CONH 2 , or a reaction atomic group for linking with a targeting agent. Alternatively, it is a group linked to a targeting
- R 21 is -COOH, -CH 2 COOH, -CH 2 OH, -COOR 28 , -CONH 2 or -CONHR 28 , and one or more of three of R 22 to R 26 .
- the following groups are hydroxy groups and the other groups are hydrogen atoms, and R 28 is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl, a substituted or unsubstituted alkylaryl).
- a radioactive zirconium ion as a radioactive metal ion, a ligand compound represented by the formula (1) described later, and an additive represented by the formula (2) described later or a salt thereof are used.
- the present invention comprises a step of coordinating radioactive zirconium ions with the ligand compound to form a radioactive zirconium complex by reacting in the containing reaction solution (hereinafter, also simply referred to as “step”).
- the radioactive zirconium complex obtained through this step is a compound in which a radioactive zirconium atom is bonded to a ligand compound by a combination such as a covalent bond or an ionic bond in addition to a coordination bond.
- the radioactive zirconium complex also includes a compound to which a reaction atom group or a targeting agent described later is further bonded.
- radioactive zirconium complexing a radioactive zirconium ion with a ligand compound and labeling the ligand compound with a radioactive zirconium ion are synonymous, and complex formation efficiency and labeling rate are synonymous.
- radioactive zirconium is simply referred to as “radioactive Zr” unless otherwise specified.
- the radioactive Zr used in this step is preferably used in the form of a compound that can be ionized in water, and more preferably in the form of Zr ions (hereinafter, these embodiments are collectively referred to) from the viewpoint of increasing the labeling rate.
- radioactive Zr source for example, a radioactive Zr ion-containing liquid in which radioactive Zr ions are dissolved or dispersed in a solvent mainly composed of water can be used.
- the nuclide of radioactive Zr is preferably 89 Zr.
- 89 Zr is a ⁇ + ray decay nuclide and an electron capture decay nuclide.
- 89 Zr can be produced by a nuclear reaction of 89 Y (p, n) 89 Zr using, for example, a cyclotron. Specifically, the solution obtained by dissolving the 89 Y target after proton irradiation with an acid is passed through a column cartridge or the like carrying a collector capable of adsorbing 89 Zr. Then, after washing the column cartridge with a solvent such as water, 89 Zr ions can be eluted and recovered as a solution by passing an aqueous solution of oxalic acid.
- the ligand compound used in this step has a structure represented by the following formula (1).
- R 11 , R 12 and R 13 are independently ⁇ (CH 2 ) p COOH, ⁇ (CH 2 ) p C 5 H 5 N, ⁇ (CH 2 ) p PO 3 H, respectively. It is a group consisting of 2 or-(CH 2 ) p CONH 2 .
- the above p is an integer of 0 or more and 3 or less independently.
- one of R 14 or R 15 is a hydrogen atom,-(CH 2 ) p COOH,-(CH 2 ) p C 5 H 5 N,-(CH 2 ) p PO 3 H 2 ,-. It is a group consisting of (CH 2 ) p CONH 2 or-(CHCOOH) (CH 2 ) p COOH.
- the other of R 14 or R 15 is-(CH 2 ) p COOH,-(CH 2 ) p C 5 H 5 N,-(CH 2 ) p PO 3 H 2 , or-( CH 2 )
- the above p is an integer of 0 or more and 3 or less independently. The details of the targeting agent and the reaction atomic group for linking with the targeting agent or the group linked to the targeting agent will be described later.
- the ligand compound used in this step contains one compound shown below or a structure derived from the compound.
- the ligand compound used in this step is preferably water-soluble.
- DOTA (1,4,7,10-Tetracaciccodekane-1,4,7,10-tetracatic acid)
- DOTMA ((1R, 4R, 7R, 10R) - ⁇ , ⁇ ', ⁇ '', ⁇ ''-tetramethyl-1, 4,7,10-tetrazaciclododecane-1, 4,7,10-tetracetic acid)
- DOTAM (1,4,7,10-tetracis (carbamoylmethyl) -1,4,7,10-tetrazaciclidecane)
- DOTA-GA ⁇ - (2-Carboxythyl) -1,4,7,10-tetraazzacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid
- DOTP (((1,4,7,10-Tetraaziclododecane-1, 4,7,10-tetrayl) tetracis (methylene)) tetraphosphonicacid)
- the additive used in this step has a structure represented by the following formula (2) or a salt thereof.
- the additive may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the labeling rate can be increased even when the amount of radioactivity (charged radioactivity) at the start of the reaction is increased for the purpose of commercial production or the like. ..
- the yield of the target radioactive Zr complex can be increased.
- R 21 is -COOH, -CH 2 COOH, -CH 2 OH, -COOR 28 , -CONH 2 or -CONHR 28 .
- one or more and three or less groups of R 22 to R 26 are hydroxy groups ( ⁇ OH), and the other groups are hydrogen atoms.
- R 28 when R 21 contains R 28 , R 28 is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl aryl.
- R 28 may be straight or branched and may be saturated or unsaturated.
- the total carbon number of R 28 is preferably 1 or more and 10 or less, and more preferably 1 or more and 8 or less.
- the counterions include, for example, alkali metal ions such as sodium and potassium, and primary to quaternary ammonium such as ammonium and tetramethylammonium salts. Examples thereof include cations and anions such as halogens such as chlorine.
- Examples of the structure of the additive represented by the formula (2) include, but are not limited to, the structures represented by any of the following formulas (2a) to (2g).
- One embodiment of the additive represented by the formula (2) is a form in which R 21 is a carboxy group (-COOH). That is, the additive in this embodiment is hydroxybenzoic acid.
- the hydroxybenzoic acid represented by the formula (2) include monohydroxybenzoic acid, dihydroxybenzoic acid, and trihydroxybenzoic acid.
- Examples of monohydroxybenzoic acid include the following forms.
- -2-Hydroxybenzoic acid (salicylic acid):
- R 21 is -COOH
- R 22 is -OH
- R 23 to R 26 are all hydrogen atoms.
- This embodiment corresponds to the formula (2a).
- -3-Hydroxybenzoic acid In formula (2), R 21 is -COOH, R 23 is -OH, and R 22, R 24 to R 26 are all hydrogen atoms.
- 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid In formula (2), R 21 is -COOH, R 24 is -OH, and R 22 , R 23 , R 25 and R 26 are all hydrogen atoms.
- dihydroxybenzoic acid examples include the following forms.
- R 21 is -COOH
- R 22 and R 23 are both -OH
- R 24 to R 26 are all -OH. It is a hydrogen atom.
- R 21 is -COOH
- R 22 and R 24 are both -OH
- R 23 , R 25 and R 26 Are all hydrogen atoms.
- R 21 is -COOH
- R 22 and R 25 are both -OH
- R 23 , R 24 and R 26 are any. Is also a hydrogen atom.
- This embodiment corresponds to the equation (2b).
- R 21 is -COOH
- R 22 and R 26 are both -OH
- R 23 , R 24 and R 25 are all hydrogen atoms.
- R 21 is -COOH, R 23 and R 24 are both -OH, and R 22 , R 25 and R 26 are any. Is also a hydrogen atom.
- This embodiment corresponds to the formula (2c).
- R 21 is -COOH, R 23 and R 25 are both -OH, and R 22 , R 24 and R 25 .
- trihydroxybenzoic acid examples include, but are not limited to, the following forms.
- R 21 is -COOH
- R 23 to R 25 are all -OH
- R 22 and R 26 are both. Is also a hydrogen atom.
- This embodiment corresponds to the formula (2d).
- -2,4,6-Trihydroxybenzoic acid In formula (2), R 21 is -COOH, R 22 , R 24 and R 26 are all -OH, and R 23 and R 25 are all -OH. It is a hydrogen atom.
- R 21 is -CH 2 OH, -COOR 28 , or -CONHR 28 .
- R 21 is -CH 2 OH, -COOR 28 , or -CONHR 28 .
- the compound corresponding to this form include, but are not limited to, the following forms.
- Gentidyl alcohol In formula (2), R 21 is -CH 2 OH, R 22 and R 25 are all -OH, and R 23 , R 24 and R 26 are all hydrogen atoms.
- This embodiment corresponds to the formula (2e).
- -Gentisic acid alkyl ester In formula (2), R 21 is -COOR 28 , R 22 and R 25 are all -OH, and R 23 , R 24 and R 26 are all hydrogen atoms.
- R 28 is a saturated linear alkyl group having 1 or more and 8 or less carbon atoms. This form is one form included in the equation (2f).
- -Gentisic acid ethanolamide In formula (2), R 21 is -CONHR 28 , R 22 and R 25 are all -OH, and R 23 , R 24 and R 26 are all hydrogen atoms. R 28 is -CH 2 -CH 2 OH. This form is one form included in the formula (2 g).
- the additive is more preferably salicylic acid, gentisic acid, protocatechuic acid or gallic acid or a salt thereof, and even more preferably gentisic acid or a salt thereof.
- the reaction solution in this step is an aqueous reaction solution further containing water in addition to the above-mentioned radioactive Zr source, ligand compound and additive.
- water those usually used in the present technical field can be adopted, and for example, distilled water or ion-exchanged water can be used.
- the reaction solution is heated and reacted. Therefore, the amount of radioactivity in the reaction solution at the start of this step and the ratio of the amount of radioactivity to the amount of the ligand compound should be set to a predetermined value or more. It is one of the features. Specifically, the amount of radioactivity in the reaction solution at the start of the reaction is 60 MBq or more, preferably 100 MBq or more, and more preferably 150 MBq or more.
- the radioactivity amount of the radioactive Zr ion per 1 nmol of the ligand compound is 5 MBq or more, preferably 10 MBq or more, more preferably 10 MBq or more. 20MBq or more.
- the upper limit of the amount of radioactivity in the reaction solution at the start of the reaction is not particularly limited as long as it is a viable amount of radioactivity on a commercial production scale, but can be, for example, 1000 GBq or less.
- a oxalic acid solution containing the radioactive Zr obtained as described above is passed through a column cartridge carrying an anion exchange resin, and water or the like is passed. After washing with, pass an acidic solution to elute from the column. Then, it is heated to dryness under an inert gas stream. This can be done by dissolving the dry solid product containing radioactive Zr thus obtained with a desired liquid amount of acid and appropriately adjusting the radioactivity concentration.
- the production scale can be increased in the commercial production of a radioactive pharmaceutical composition containing a radioactive Zr complex as an active ingredient. Even if this is the case, a high labeling rate can be achieved and the yield increases accordingly. As a result, the production efficiency of the radioactive Zr complex can be increased.
- the labeling reaction of the radioactive Zr ion to the ligand compound can proceed on condition that the above-mentioned amount of radioactivity in the reaction solution and the relationship between the amount of radioactivity and the amount of the ligand compound are satisfied.
- the order of addition of the radioactive Zr source, the ligand compound and the additive does not matter as long as the complex can be formed between the radioactive Zr ion and the ligand compound.
- one of the radioactive Zr source and the ligand compound is added to a reaction vessel containing a mixed solution containing a solvent such as water constituting the reaction solution and an additive in advance, and then the other is added and reacted. You may.
- one of the radioactive Zr source and the ligand compound may be added to a solution in which one is previously dissolved in a mixed solution to cause a reaction.
- a radioactive Zr source, a ligand compound and an additive may be simultaneously added to a reaction vessel containing a solvent such as water in advance for reaction.
- the reaction solution used in this step may not contain an organic solvent, or an organic solvent may be added depending on the physical characteristics of the ligand compound and the additive.
- organic solvent examples include water-soluble such as a protonic solvent such as methanol and ethanol, and a polar solvent such as a protonic solvent such as acetonitrile, N, N-dimethylformamide, tetrahydrofuran, dimethyl sulfoxide and acetone.
- Examples include organic solvents. By containing such an organic solvent, even when a ligand compound and a poorly water-soluble additive are used, it can be sufficiently dissolved or dispersed in the solvent, and a high labeling rate can be stably achieved. can do. "Do not contain an organic solvent” means that the reaction solution does not intentionally contain an organic solvent, but it is permissible for the organic solvent to be inevitably mixed in the reaction solution.
- the reaction conditions in this step can be, for example, the following conditions.
- As the reaction solution used in this step an aqueous solution containing water, a ligand compound, an additive and a radioactive Zr source and, if necessary, an organic solvent is used.
- the reaction solution is prepared so as to satisfy the above-mentioned predetermined relationship with respect to the radioactivity amount of the radioactive Zr ion in the reaction solution and the ratio between the radioactivity amount and the ligand compound amount.
- the reaction pressure can be atmospheric pressure.
- heating refers to applying heat from the outside of the reaction system so that the temperature of the reaction solution becomes higher than 25 ° C. with 25 ° C as a reference.
- a known method can be appropriately used, and examples thereof include a water bath, an oil bath, a block heater, and a mantle heater.
- the reaction temperature is preferably 30 ° C. or higher and 100 ° C. or lower, more preferably 50 ° C. or higher, from the viewpoint of suppressing decomposition of the ligand compound and further improving the labeling efficiency.
- the reaction solution is heated to 80 ° C. or lower to react.
- the reaction time is preferably 15 minutes or more and 150 minutes or less, and more preferably 30 minutes or more and 120 minutes or less, provided that the reaction temperature is the above-mentioned reaction temperature.
- the amount of reaction solution in this step can be appropriately changed according to the production scale. From the viewpoint of practicality in the manufacturing process, 0.01 mL or more is realistic at the start of this process.
- the amount of the reaction solution is not particularly limited, but it is practically about 100 mL or less.
- the labeling reaction can be uniformly promoted in the liquid phase.
- the amount of radioactivity used at the start of the reaction in this step is increased from the prior art by heating and reacting with the additive having the above-mentioned specific structure present in the reaction system. Even when the value is much higher, the labeling rate can be further increased to produce a large amount of the desired radioactive Zr complex. This is advantageous in that the production efficiency can be improved because the yield of the target radioactive Zr complex can be increased even when the production scale is increased in the production on a commercial scale. ..
- the additive having the above-mentioned structure is considered to be a compound that reduces radiolysis caused by radiation destroying the chemical structure of the ligand compound or the radioactive Zr complex or causing an unintended chemical reaction. Therefore, by containing such an additive in the reaction solution, the ligand compound is radiolyzed even when the amount of radioactivity (charged radioactivity amount) at the start of the reaction used in the reaction is increased.
- the present inventor presumes that the reaction of this step proceeds satisfactorily, and that the radioactive Zr complex, which is a product, is also difficult to decompose. This is also supported by the fact that the labeling rate is increased by increasing the content of the additive in the reaction solution, as shown in Examples described later.
- this step it is preferable to heat and react the reaction solution while the pH of the reaction solution is in the acidic region. That is, in this step, it is preferable to carry out the reaction in a state where the acidic state of pH is maintained from the start to the end of the reaction.
- the pH of the reaction solution is in the acidic region, it means that the pH of the reaction solution is less than 7.
- the functional group of the ligand compound that interacts with the radioactive Zr and / or the radioactive Zr is appropriately maintained in the ionic state and mutually in the reaction solution. It is possible to maintain a state in which coordination is easy. As a result, the productivity of the radioactive Zr complex can be further increased. More specifically, this step is carried out in a state where the pH of the reaction solution is preferably 2.0 or more and 6.0 or less, more preferably 3.0 or more and 5.0 or less.
- the pH of the reaction solution can be maintained in the acidic region even during this step.
- the pH of the reaction solution can be adjusted, for example, by mixing an aqueous solution of the additive in the reaction solution.
- a radioactive Zr ion-containing solution, an aqueous solution of a ligand compound, and an aqueous solution of an additive can be prepared in advance, and the mixing ratio of these aqueous solutions can be adjusted and mixed to adjust the pH of the reaction solution. ..
- the pH of the reaction solution is adjusted by adding an inorganic acid such as hydrochloric acid or a metal hydroxide such as sodium hydroxide to the liquid in which radioactive Zr ions, a ligand compound and an additive are mixed. You can also.
- an inorganic acid such as hydrochloric acid or a metal hydroxide such as sodium hydroxide
- the concentration of the additive in the reaction solution is preferably 0.1 mmol / L or more and 500 mmol / L or less, more preferably 1 mmol / L or more and 400 mmol / L at the start of this step. It is preferably 1 mmol / L or more and 300 mmol / L. Further, it is preferable that the concentration of the additive in the reaction solution is higher than the concentration of the radioactive Zr ion and the concentration of the ligand compound in the reaction solution from the viewpoint of preventing radiolysis and further improving the labeling efficiency.
- the concentrations of the ligand compounds in the reaction solution are independently set to preferably 1 ⁇ mol / L or more and 100 ⁇ mol / L or less at the start of this step. It is more preferably 10 ⁇ mol / L or more and 9000 ⁇ mol / L or less, still more preferably 30 ⁇ mol / L or more and 600 ⁇ mol / L or less, and further preferably 50 ⁇ mol / L or more and 500 ⁇ mol / L or less.
- R 21 is ⁇ COOH in the above formula (2), and one or more and three or less groups of R 22 to R 26 are hydroxy groups.
- the pH of the reaction solution is preferably 2.0 or more and 6.0 or less, more preferably. It is preferable to carry out this step in a state of 3.0 or more and 5.0 or less, and it is also preferable that the pH of the reaction solution is adjusted by the additive.
- R 21 is ⁇ COOH in the above formula (2), and one or more and three or less groups among R 22 to R 26 are used.
- R 21 is ⁇ COOH in the above formula (2), and one or more and three or less groups among R 22 to R 26 are used.
- a compound or a salt thereof in which is a hydroxy group and the other group is a hydrogen atom, that is, hydroxybenzoic acid or a salt thereof per unit radioactivity (1 MBq) of radioactive Zr ions in the reaction solution.
- the ratio of the content of the additive to the radioactivity (MBq) of the radioactive zirconium ion is preferably 5 nmol / MBq or more, more preferably 20 nmol / MBq or more as the lower limit at the start of this step. And.
- the upper limit of the ratio can be appropriately set in consideration of maintaining the pH of the reaction solution at a predetermined acidic condition and the solubility of hydroxybenzoic acid or a salt thereof in the reaction solution.
- the ratio of the additive content By setting the ratio of the additive content to the amount of radioactivity within the above-mentioned predetermined range, the labeling efficiency can be further improved even when the amount of radioactivity in the reaction solution is increased.
- R 21 is ⁇ COOH
- R 22 and R 25 are both hydroxy groups
- R 23 , R 24 and R 26 are all hydrogen atoms.
- a salt thereof that is, gentisic acid or a salt thereof
- the content of the additive per unit radioactivity (1MBq) of the radioactive Zr ion in the reaction solution that is, the additive content with respect to the radioactivity amount (MBq) of the radioactive zirconium ion.
- the content ratio is preferably 5 nmol or more, more preferably 7 nmol or more as the lower limit.
- the upper limit of the ratio is preferably 125 nmol or less, more preferably 100 nmol or less, and further, from the viewpoint of maintaining the pH of the reaction solution at a predetermined acidic condition and achieving sufficient solubility of gentidic acid in the reaction solution. It is preferably 30 nmol or less.
- R 21 is ⁇ COOH in the above formula (2), and one or more and three of R 22 to R 26 are used.
- the molar amount (nmol) of the ligand compound in the reaction solution is used.
- the ratio of the molar amount (nmol) of the additive in the reaction solution to) is preferably 60 or more and 1400 or less, more preferably 70 or more and 700 or less, and further preferably 250 or more and 500 or less at the start of this step. ..
- the labeling efficiency can be further improved while maintaining the pH of the reaction solution in a desired range.
- an additive having a structure represented by any of the formulas (2a) to (2d) or a salt thereof as the additive and having a structure represented by the formula (2b). It is more preferable to use an additive or a salt thereof.
- R 21 is ⁇ COOH
- R 22 and R 25 are both hydroxy groups
- R 23 , R 24 and R 26 are all hydrogen atoms.
- the ratio of the molar amount (nmol) of the additive in the reaction solution to the molar amount (nmol) of the ligand compound in the reaction solution is started in this step. At times, it is preferably 60 or more and 1500 or less, more preferably 100 or more and 700 or less, and further preferably 300 or more and 500 or less.
- the reaction solution used in this step preferably further contains water and a water-soluble organic compound.
- the water-soluble organic compound in the present specification exerts a buffering action in a predetermined pH range, but is a compound which does not have to actually exert a buffering action in the reaction solution of complex formation, and is described above. It is a compound different from the pH compound and the organic solvent.
- the reaction solution itself containing the water-soluble organic compound used in this step in the present specification does not have to exhibit a pH buffering action depending on the pH of the entire reaction solution, and exhibits a pH buffering action. You may.
- water-soluble organic compounds examples include acetic acid and its salt, phosphoric acid and its salt, 2-amino-2- (hydroxymethyl) propan-1,3-diol (Tris), 2- [4- (2). -Hydroxyethyl) -1-piperazinyl] -ethanesulfonic acid (HEPES), and one of the basic amino acids can be mentioned.
- the counterion of the water-soluble organic compound include the above-mentioned various cations or anions.
- a neutral salt such as sodium chloride may be further added. It is also preferable to select these water-soluble organic compounds according to the type and combination of the ligand compound and the additive.
- acetic acid and a salt thereof or HEPES is more preferable, and acetic acid and a salt thereof are further preferable. That is, it is preferable to use acetic acid-sodium acetate buffer or HEEPS buffer as the aqueous solution in which the water-soluble organic compound is dissolved in water, and it is preferable to use acetic acid-sodium acetate buffer as the reaction solution.
- the concentration of the water-soluble organic compound in the reaction solution is preferably 0.01 mol / L or more and 5.0 mol / L or less. It is more preferably 0.05 mol / L or more and 2.0 mol / L or less.
- the concentration in the reaction solution is preferably 0.05 mol / L or more and 2.0 mol / L or less, and 0.1 mol / L or more and 1 mol / L or less. Is more preferable.
- R 11 , R 12 and R 13 are all represented by a group consisting of- (CH 2 ) p COOH. It is preferable that the group is a carboxyalkyl group in which p is an integer of 1 or more and 3 or less.
- one of R 14 and R 15 is a hydrogen atom or a carboxyalkyl group represented by a group consisting of- (CH 2 ) p COOH, in which p is an integer of 1 or more and 3 or less. Is also preferable.
- R 14 and R 15 is represented by a group consisting of- (CH 2 ) p COOH, and p is a carboxyalkyl group having an integer of 1 or more and 3 or less, or is linked to a targeting agent. It is also preferable that the group is linked to the reaction atom group or the targeting agent for the purpose. If R 11 , R 12 , R 13, R 14 and R 15 have the preferred groups described above, then if one of R 14 and R 15 is a hydrogen atom, then the other of R 14 and R 15 is targeted. It is preferably a reaction atom group for linking with the agent or a group linked with the targeting agent.
- R 14 is a reaction atom group for linking with the targeting agent or a group linked with the targeting agent
- R 15 is a hydrogen atom
- R 15 is a reaction atom group for linking with the targeting agent.
- the group is linked to the targeting agent, it is preferable that R 14 is a hydrogen atom.
- the targeting agent when a ligand compound containing a group linked to a targeting agent is used, the targeting agent may be a chain peptide, a cyclic peptide, or a combination thereof, a protein, an antibody or a fragment thereof, or a peptide aptamer.
- Targeting agent refers to a chemical structure for expressing directivity toward a target organ or tissue in a living body or specificity to a target molecule.
- a target organ or tissue or a target molecule is collectively referred to as a “target site”.
- These targeting agents may be directly bound to the ligand compound or indirectly via other known linker structures such as PEG.
- these targeting agents may be configured to be ligable to the ligand compound by using modified reaction atomic groups capable of binding to other structures.
- a known reaction such as a click reaction can be adopted.
- a click reaction is used for linking, for example, the reaction atom group of the targeting agent and the reaction atom group for linking with the targeting agent of the ligand compound are both groups containing a click-reactable atomic group. can do.
- a ligand compound having such a chemical structure it is possible to easily bind to a targeting agent having specificity or directivity to the target site, and the targeting agent has sufficient specificity or directivity to the target site. In the maintained state, a radioactive Zr complex having specificity or directivity for the target site can be obtained in high yield.
- the atomic group preferably comprises a chain peptide, a cyclic peptide, or a combination thereof, a protein, an antibody or a fragment thereof that specifically binds to a specific molecule.
- atomic groups may be peptides having 3 or more constituent amino acid residues, for example, antibodies (immunoglobulins) and Fab fragments having the classes of IgG, IgA, IgM, IgD and IgE. , F (ab') 2 fragment and other antibody fragments, peptide aptamers and the like.
- the amino acids constituting such a targeting agent may be natural or synthetic.
- the molecular weight of the atomic group containing the peptide is not particularly limited.
- peptides that can be used as targeting agents include conventionally known methods such as liquid phase synthesis method, solid phase synthesis method, automatic peptide synthesis method, gene recombination method, phage display method, genetic code reprogramming, and RaPID (Random non).
- -It can be synthesized by a method such as the standard Peptide Integrated Discovery) method. In synthesizing various peptides, the functional groups of the amino acids used may be protected, if necessary.
- the targeting moiety is an atomic group containing nucleic acid
- the atomic group is an atomic group containing antisense nucleic acid, siRNA, miRNA, nucleic acid aptamer, decoy nucleic acid, cPG oligonucleic acid, and peptide nucleic acid that specifically bind to a specific molecule. It is preferable to have.
- the nucleic acid base constituting such a targeting agent may be a natural one such as deoxyribonucleic acid or a ribonucleic acid, or may be a synthesized one.
- nucleic acid-containing atomic group that can be used in the present invention can be produced by a conventionally known method.
- a nucleic acid aptamer a nucleic acid aptamer that specifically binds to a specific target substance such as a protein can be produced by using the SELEX method (Sysmetic Evolution of Ligands by Exponental Enrichment).
- reaction atomic group refers to a chemical structure in which a reaction directly occurs when one compound is bonded to the other compound. Examples of such reaction atomic groups include, but are not limited to, click-reactive atomic groups.
- the click-reactable atomic group as the reaction atomic group is preferably an atomic group that can be used for a metal-catalyzed-free click reaction, for example, an alkynyl group or an azide group.
- diene or dienophile such as 1,2,4,5-tetrazine or alkenyl group can be mentioned.
- the click reaction is a reaction caused by a combination of an alkyne and an azide, or a combination of a diene such as 1,2,4,5-tetrazine and an alkene and a dienophile.
- Specific examples of the click reaction by such a combination of atomic groups include a Husgen cycloaddition reaction, a reverse electron-requested Diels-Alder reaction, and the like.
- the chemical structure produced by the click reaction in the combination of alkyne and azide contains a triazole skeleton, which is a combination of 1,2,4,5-tetrazine and alkene as a combination of diene and dienophile.
- the chemical structure produced by the click reaction in is containing the pyridazine skeleton. Therefore, as a click-reactable atomic group that can be contained in the reaction atomic group for linking with the targeting agent, any atomic group containing an alkyne or azide can form a triazole skeleton by the click reaction.
- the click-reactive atomic group that can be contained in the reaction atomic group for linking with the targeting agent includes an atomic group containing 1,2,4,5-tetrazine or an alkene that is a diene or dienophile, click.
- the reaction can form a pyridazine skeleton.
- the click-reactable atomic group examples include an atomic group containing dibenzylcyclooctyne (DBCO) as an alkyne (formula (5a)) and an azido group as an azide (formula) as shown in the following formula. (5b)), an atomic group containing 1,2,4,5-tetrazine (formula (5c)), or an atomic group containing trans-cyclooctene (TCO) as an alkene (formula (5d)).
- DBCO dibenzylcyclooctyne
- TCO trans-cyclooctene
- R 1 indicates a binding site with an atomic group containing a ligand compound or a targeting agent.
- R 2 indicates a binding site with an atomic group containing a ligand compound or a targeting agent.
- one of R 3 and R 4 indicates a bonding site with an atomic group containing a ligand compound or a targeting agent, and the other indicates a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, a phenyl group or a pyridyl group.
- R5 indicates a binding site with an atomic group containing a ligand compound or a targeting agent.
- DBCO dibenzylcyclooctine
- DBCO-C6-Acid DBCO-Amine
- DBCO-Maleimide DBCO-PEG acid
- DBCO-PEG-NHSester DBCO-PEG-Alcohol
- DBCO-PEG-amine DBCO-PEG-NH-Boc
- Carboxyrhodamine-PEG-DBCO Sulforhodamine-PEG-DBCO
- TAMRA-PEG-DBCO DBCO-PEG- DBCO reagents
- Biotin DBCO-PEG-DBCO
- DBCO-PEG-Maleimide TCO-PEG-DBCO
- DBCO-mPEG DBCO-mPEG
- a suitable ligand compound used in the present invention for example, those having the structures represented by the following formulas (1-a) to (1-e) can be used, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Regardless of the ligand compound having any structure, the effect of stably improving the labeling rate is sufficiently exhibited.
- P represents an atomic group containing a reaction atomic group or an atomic group containing a targeting agent. From the viewpoint of stably improving the labeling rate, a ligand compound having a structure represented by the above formulas (1-b), (1-d) or (1-e) is more preferably used.
- the ligand compound and the click-reactable atomic group are indirectly referred to by the linker structure represented by the following formula (P). It is also preferable that they are bonded.
- the structure is derived from ethylene glycol, and in the formula (P), n is preferably an integer of 2 or more and 10 or less, and more preferably an integer of 2 or more and 8 or less.
- the structure of the ligand compound containing a click-reactable atomic group is not particularly limited as long as the effect of the present invention is exhibited, but it is more preferable to have the structure shown below. That is, it is more preferable that the ligand compound has at least one of DO3A-DBCO, DOTA-DBCO, DO3A-PEG4-DBCO, DO4A-PEG7-Tz, and DOTAGA-DBCO shown below.
- the radioactive Zr ion is coordinated to the ligand compound by the method described above, and then the radioactive Zr ion is coordinated.
- a radioactive Zr complex can be produced by reacting the click-reactive atomic group of the ligand compound with the click-reactable atomic group of the targeting agent by a click reaction or the like.
- the targeting agent a compound modified with a click-reactive atomic group that specifically binds to the reaction atomic group in the ligand compound can be used.
- the click-reactive atomic group that modifies the targeting agent the same group as described above can be used.
- the radioactive Zr complex produced through the above steps exists in a state of being dissolved in the reaction solution. That is, the radioactive Zr complex can be obtained as an aqueous solution.
- the aqueous liquid containing the radioactive Zr complex may be used as it is, or may be purified by using a filtration filter, a membrane filter, a column filled with various fillers, chromatography or the like.
- Examples of the step after the radioactive Zr complex is obtained include a formulation step for obtaining a radioactive drug containing the radioactive Zr complex as an active ingredient.
- various additives such as pH adjusters such as citric acid buffer, phosphate buffer and borate buffer, solubilizers such as polysorbate, stabilizers or antioxidants may be added as appropriate. This can be done by diluting with an isotonic solution such as water or physiological saline to adjust the radioactivity concentration.
- the formulation step may include a step of adding various additives or adjusting the concentration, and then performing sterilization filtration with a membrane filter or the like to prepare an injection.
- examples of the substituent that can be substituted with R 28 include a halogen atom, a saturated or unsaturated alkyl group, a hydroxy group, an aldehyde group, a carboxy group, an acyl group, an amino group, a nitro group and an ester group. , Isothiocyanate group, thioxy group, cyano group, amide group, imide group, phosphate group, phenyl group, benzyl group, pyridyl group and the like. One of these substituents may be substituted alone, or two or more of these substituents may be substituted in combination.
- Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 89 Zr was used as the radioactive Zr element. Further, as the ligand compound, DOTA (in the above formula (1), R 11 , R 12 , R 13 and R 14 are all "-CH 2 COOH" groups, and R 15 is a hydrogen atom) is used. board.
- DOTA in the above formula (1), R 11 , R 12 , R 13 and R 14 are all "-CH 2 COOH" groups, and R 15 is a hydrogen atom
- the ligand compound was dissolved in water for injection to prepare an aqueous solution containing 10 mmol / L of the ligand compound.
- 7.5 ⁇ L of the ligand compound aqueous solution and 89 Zr ion-containing solution as a radioactive Zr source solvent: 0.1 mol / L hydrochloric acid aqueous solution, radioactivity concentration: 3.4 GBq / mL, specific radioactivity: 11.4 MBq / nmol
- solvent 0.13 mol / L acetic acid-sodium acetate buffer (pH: 5.5) as a buffer-containing aqueous solution were mixed in a reaction vessel (glass vial).
- Example 1 a 300 mmol / L aqueous solution prepared by dissolving gentisic acid (the above formula (2b)) in water for injection as an additive was further added so as to have the final concentration shown in Table 1 below.
- gentisic acid was not added. In this way, reaction solutions having various concentrations and pH shown in Table 1 below were prepared. All of these reaction solutions do not contain an organic solvent.
- reaction solution was heated with a heating temperature of 70 ° C. and a heating time of 1 hour to obtain a solution containing an 89 Zr complex as a radioactive Zr-labeled compound.
- Example 2 a ligand compound in which physalaemin (molecular weight: 1265Da) was bound as a chain peptide to p-SCN-Bn-DOTA by a conventional method was used.
- This ligand compound is a form included in the above formula (1-b).
- the details of the chemical structure of this ligand compound are shown in the following formula (E1).
- a 300 mmol / L aqueous solution prepared by dissolving gentisic acid (the above formula (2b)) in water for injection as an additive was further added so as to have the final concentration shown in Table 1 below.
- gentisic acid was not added.
- reaction solutions having various concentrations and pH shown in Table 1 below were prepared.
- Both the reaction solutions of Example 2 and Comparative Example 2 contained DMSO as an organic solvent in a final concentration of 50% by volume. Other than this, it was carried out and evaluated by the same method as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1 below.
- ligand compound a ligand compound in which p-SCN-Bn-DOTA was bound to daptomycin (molecular weight: 1619Da) as a cyclic peptide by a conventional method was used.
- This ligand compound is a form included in the above formula (1-b).
- the details of the chemical structure of this ligand compound are shown in the following formula (E2).
- a 300 mmol / L aqueous solution in which gentisic acid (the above formula (2b)) was dissolved in water for injection was further added as an additive so as to have the final concentration in the reaction solution shown in Table 1 below.
- Example 8 The treatment was carried out and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the concentration of gentisic acid in the reaction solution was adjusted to the concentration shown in Table 1 below and DMSO was adjusted to contain the final concentration of 50% by volume. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 9 Except that salicylic acid (formula (2a) above) was used as an additive and the concentration of salicylic acid in the reaction solution was adjusted to the concentration shown in Table 1 below and DMSO was prepared to contain 50% by volume of the final concentration. It was carried out and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 10 Protocatechuic acid (formula (2c) above) was used as an additive, and the concentration of protocatechuic acid in the reaction solution was adjusted to the concentration shown in Table 1 below, and DMSO was prepared to contain 50% by volume of the final concentration. was carried out and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
- DOTAGA-DBCO (formula (X) above) was used as the ligand compound and dissolved in 0.156 mol / L acetic acid-sodium acetate buffer (pH: 5.5) to dissolve the ligand compound at 0.3 mmol / L.
- a solution containing was prepared. 128.9 ⁇ L of the above ligand compound solution and 89 Zr ion-containing solution as a radioactive Zr source (solvent: 0.1 mol / L hydrochloric acid aqueous solution, radioactivity concentration: 8.0 GBq / mL, specific activity: 25.4 MBq 85.9 ⁇ L of / nmol) was mixed in a reaction vessel (glass vial), respectively.
- Example 11 a 150 mmol / L solution prepared by dissolving gentisic acid in 0.156 mol / L acetic acid-sodium acetate buffer (pH: 5.5) as an additive was further added so as to have the final concentration shown in Table 1 below. bottom. Other than this, it was carried out and evaluated by the same method as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
- the production method of the example in which the reaction solution containing the additive having a specific structure is heated and reacted has a better labeling reaction even when the amount of radioactivity at the start of the reaction is high, as compared with the production method of the comparative example. It can be seen that a high labeling rate can be achieved in the reaction between the Zr ion and the ligand compound containing the DOTA or DOTA derivative. It is also found that a high labeling rate can be achieved by the production method of each example in which the pH of the reaction solution is heated and reacted in a suitable acidic range. In particular, Examples 6 to 10 in which the content of the additive in the reaction solution is increased can further increase the labeling rate of Zr.
- gentisic acid was dissolved in 0.78 mol / L sodium acetate-sodium acetate buffer (pH 5.5) at 25 ° C. to a concentration of 900 mmol / L, and the pH was 3.59. rice field.
- salicylic acid was dissolved in the buffer solution to a concentration of 500 mmol / L, and the pH was 4.36.
- protocatechuic acid was dissolved in the buffer solution to a concentration of 400 mmol / L, and the pH was 4.77.
- the labeling rate for DOTA as measured by thin layer chromatography is 50% or more.
- an acid it is advantageous in that the pH of the reaction solution can be adjusted and a predetermined amount of the additive can be added in one step, and the labeling rate can be improved.
- a production method capable of achieving a high labeling rate in a reaction between a radioactive zirconium ion and a ligand compound containing DOTA or a DOTA derivative.
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Abstract
Description
下記式(1)で表される配位子化合物と、
を反応液中で反応させて、放射性ジルコニウム錯体を形成させる工程を備え、
前記反応液として、
前記放射性ジルコニウムイオンの放射能量が反応開始時において60MBq以上であり、かつ、
前記配位子化合物1nmolあたり、前記放射性ジルコニウムイオンの放射能量が反応開始時において5MBq以上であるものを用い、
下記式(2)で表される添加剤又はその塩の存在下で前記工程を行う、放射性ジルコニウム錯体の製造方法を提供するものである。
本工程を経て得られる放射性ジルコニウム錯体は、放射性ジルコニウム原子が、配位結合に加えて、共有結合、イオン結合などの組み合わせにより配位子化合物と結合した化合物である。放射性ジルコニウム錯体には、後述する反応原子団あるいはターゲティング剤が更に結合されている化合物も包含される。
また以下の説明では、特に断りのない限り、「放射性ジルコニウム」を単に「放射性Zr」と表記する。
放射性Zrの核種としては、好ましくは89Zrである。89Zrは、β+線壊変核種であるとともに、電子捕獲壊変核種である。89Zrは、例えばサイクロトロンを用いて89Y(p、n)89Zrの核反応により製造することができる。詳細には、プロトン照射後の89Yターゲットを酸で溶解した溶解液を、89Zrを吸着可能な捕集剤を担持したカラムカートリッジ等に通液する。その後、該カラムカートリッジを水などの溶媒で洗浄したのちに、シュウ酸水溶液を通液することで、89Zrイオンを溶出させて溶液として回収することができる。
上記pは、それぞれ独立して、0以上3以下の整数である。
式(1)中、R14又はR15の他方が、-(CH2)pCOOH、-(CH2)pC5H5N、-(CH2)pPO3H2、若しくは、-(CH2)pCONH2からなる基であるか、又は、ターゲティング剤と連結するための反応原子団若しくはターゲティング剤と連結している基である。
上記pは、それぞれ独立して、0以上3以下の整数である。
ターゲティング剤、及びターゲティング剤と連結するための反応原子団若しくはターゲティング剤と連結している基の詳細については後述する。
DOTMA((1R,4R,7R,10R)-α,α’,α’’,α’’’-tetramethyl-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid)
DOTAM(1,4,7,10-tetrakis(carbamoylmethyl)-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane)
DOTA-GA(α-(2-Carboxyethyl)-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid)
DOTP(((1,4,7,10-Tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetrayl)tetrakis(methylene))tetraphosphonicacid)
DOTMP(1,4,7,10-Tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetrakis(methylenephosphonic acid))
DOTA-4AMP(1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetrakis(acetamidomethylenephosphonic acid)
DO2P(Tetraazacyclododecane dimethanephosphonic acid)
式(2)中、R22~R26のうち1つ以上3つ以下の基はヒドロキシ基(-OH)であり且つそれ以外の基は水素原子である。
式(2)中、R21にR28を含む場合、R28は、置換又は無置換のアルキル、置換又は無置換のアリール、置換又は無置換のアルキルアリールである。R28は、直鎖又は分枝鎖であってもよく、飽和又は不飽和であってもよい。
R28は、その総炭素数が、好ましくは1以上10以下であり、更に好ましくは1以上8以下である。
式(2)で表される添加剤を塩として用いる場合、対イオンとしては、例えば、ナトリウム、カリウム等のアルカリ金属イオン、アンモニウム、テトラメチルアンモニウム塩等の第1級ないし第4級アンモニウムなどの陽イオン、塩素等のハロゲン等の陰イオンが挙げられる。
式(2)で表されるヒドロキシ安息香酸としては、モノヒドロキシ安息香酸、ジヒドロキシ安息香酸、及びトリヒドロキシ安息香酸が挙げられる。
・2-ヒドロキシ安息香酸(サリチル酸):式(2)中、R21が-COOHであり、R22が-OHであり、R23~R26はいずれも水素原子である。本形態は、式(2a)に相当する。
・3-ヒドロキシ安息香酸:式(2)中、R21は-COOHであり、R23が-OHであり、R22、R24~R26はいずれも水素原子である。
・4-ヒドロキシ安息香酸:式(2)中、R21は-COOHであり、R24が-OHであり、R22、R23、R25及びR26はいずれも水素原子である。
・2,3-ジヒドロキシ安息香酸(2-ピロカテク酸):式(2)中、R21が-COOHであり、R22及びR23はいずれも-OHであり、R24~R26はいずれも水素原子である。
・2,4-ジヒドロキシ安息香酸(β-レゾルシン酸):式(2)中、R21が-COOHであり、R22及びR24はいずれも-OHであり、R23、R25及びR26はいずれも水素原子である。
・2,5-ジヒドロキシ安息香酸(ゲンチジン酸):式(2)中、R21が-COOHであり、R22及びR25はいずれも-OHであり、R23、R24及びR26はいずれも水素原子である。本形態は、式(2b)に相当する。
・2,6-ジヒドロキシ安息香酸(γ-レゾルシン酸):式(2)中、R21が-COOHであり、R22及びR26はいずれも-OHであり、R23、R24及びR25はいずれも水素原子である。
・3,4-ジヒドロキシ安息香酸(プロトカテク酸):式(2)中、R21が-COOHであり、R23及びR24はいずれも-OHであり、R22、R25及びR26はいずれも水素原子である。本形態は、式(2c)に相当する。
・3,5-ジヒドロキシ安息香酸(α-レゾルシン酸):式(2)中、R21が-COOHであり、R23及びR25はいずれも-OHであり、R22、R24及びR25はいずれも水素原子である。
・3,4,5-トリヒドロキシ安息香酸(没食子酸):式(2)中、R21が-COOHであり、R23~R25はいずれも-OHであり、R22及びR26はいずれも水素原子である。本形態は、式(2d)に相当する。
・2,4,6-トリヒドロキシ安息香酸:式(2)中、R21が-COOHであり、R22、R24及びR26はいずれも-OHであり、R23及びR25はいずれも水素原子である。
・ゲンチジルアルコール:式(2)中、R21が-CH2OHであり、R22及びR25はいずれも-OHであり、R23、R24及びR26はいずれも水素原子である。本形態は、式(2e)に相当する。
・ゲンチジン酸アルキルエステル:式(2)中、R21が-COOR28であり、R22及びR25はいずれも-OHであり、R23、R24及びR26はいずれも水素原子であり、R28は炭素数1以上8以下の飽和直鎖アルキル基である。本形態は、式(2f)に包含される一形態である。
・ゲンチジン酸エタノールアミド:式(2)中、R21が-CONHR28であり、R22及びR25はいずれも-OHであり、R23、R24及びR26はいずれも水素原子であり、R28は-CH2-CH2OHである。本形態は、式(2g)に包含される一形態である。
水としては、本技術分野で通常用いられるものを採用することができ、例えば、蒸留水やイオン交換水を用いることができる。
詳細には、反応開始時における反応液中の放射能量として、放射性Zrイオンの放射能量を60MBq以上、好ましくは100MBq以上、更に好ましくは150MBq以上とする。
これに加えて、反応開始時における反応液中の配位子化合物と放射能量との割合として、配位子化合物1nmol当たりの放射性Zrイオンの放射能量を5MBq以上、好ましくは10MBq以上、更に好ましくは20MBq以上とする。上限は特にないが、例えば10000MBq以下とする。
また、反応開始時における反応液中の放射能量の上限は、商業生産規模にて実現可能な放射能量であれば特に限定されないが、例えば、1000GBq以下とすることができる。
このような放射能量を反応液中で達成するためには、例えば上述のようにして得られた放射性Zrを含むシュウ酸溶液を、陰イオン交換樹脂を担持するカラムカートリッジに通液し、水等で洗浄後に酸性溶液を通液して該カラムから溶出させる。次いで不活性ガス気流下で加熱乾固させる。このようにして得られた放射性Zrを含有する乾固物を所望の液量の酸で溶解して放射能濃度を適宜調整することで行うことができる。
「有機溶媒を非含有」とは、反応液中に意図的に有機溶媒を含有させないが、反応液中に不可避的に有機溶媒が混入することは許容することを意味する。
本工程で用いられる反応液として、水、配位子化合物、添加剤及び放射性Zr源を含み、必要に応じて有機溶媒を添加した水溶液を用いる。このとき、反応液中の放射性Zrイオンの放射能量、及び該放射能量と配位子化合物量との割合について、上述した所定の関係を満たすように反応液を調製する。
反応圧力は、大気圧とすることができる。
反応時間は、上述の反応温度であることを条件として、好ましくは15分以上150分以下、更に好ましくは30分以上120分以下である。
上述した構造を有する添加剤は、放射線が配位子化合物や放射性Zr錯体の化学構造を破壊したり、意図しない化学反応が生じたりする放射線分解を低減する化合物であると考えられる。したがって、このような添加物を反応液中に含有させることによって、反応に使用する反応開始時における放射能量(仕込み放射能量)を高めた場合であっても、配位子化合物が放射線分解することなく本工程の反応が良好に進行し、また生成物である放射性Zr錯体も分解しづらくなっていると本発明者は推測している。このことは、後述する実施例に示すように、反応液中の添加剤の含有量を多くすることによって標識率が高まることからも支持される。
より具体的には、反応液のpHは、好ましくは2.0以上6.0以下、更に好ましくは3.0以上5.0以下にある状態で本工程を行う。
反応液のpHは、例えば添加剤の水溶液を反応液中に混合して調整することができる。また、放射性Zrイオン含有液、配位子化合物の水溶液及び添加物の水溶液をそれぞれ予め調製して、これらの水溶液の混合比を調整して混合して、反応液のpHを調整することができる。あるいは、放射性Zrイオン、配位子化合物及び添加剤を混合した液体に対して、塩酸などの無機酸や、水酸化ナトリウム等の金属水酸化物を添加して、反応液のpHを調整することもできる。
本形態の場合、添加剤として、式(2a)~(2d)のいずれかで表される構造を有する添加剤又はその塩を用いることがより好ましく、式(2b)で表される構造を有する添加剤又はその塩を用いることが更に好ましい。
放射能量当たりの添加剤含有量の比を上述の所定の範囲とすることによって、反応液中の放射能量が増加した場合であっても、標識効率を更に高めることができる。
本形態の場合、添加剤として、式(2a)~(2d)のいずれかで表される構造を有する添加剤又はその塩を用いることがより好ましく、式(2b)で表される構造を有する添加剤又はその塩を用いることが更に好ましい。
ゲンチジン酸の含有量を放射性Zrイオンの放射能量に基づいて適切に制御することによって、反応液のpHを所望の範囲に維持しつつ、標識効率をより一層高めることができる。
配位子化合物に対する添加剤のモル比を上述の範囲とすることによって、反応液のpHを所望の範囲に維持しつつ、標識効率を更に高めることができる。
本形態の場合、添加剤として、式(2a)~(2d)のいずれかで表される構造を有する添加剤又はその塩を用いることがより好ましく、式(2b)で表される構造を有する添加剤又はその塩を用いることが更に好ましい。
この場合、R14及びR15のうち一方が、水素原子であるか、又は-(CH2)pCOOHからなる基で表され、pが1以上3以下の整数であるカルボキシアルキル基であることも好ましい。またこの場合、R14及びR15の他方が、-(CH2)pCOOHからなる基で表され、pが1以上3以下の整数であるカルボキシアルキル基であるか、又はターゲティング剤と連結するための反応原子団若しくはターゲティング剤と連結している基であることも好ましい。
R11、R12、R13、R14及びR15が上述した好適な基を有する場合、R14及びR15のうち一方が水素原子である場合には、R14及びR15の他方はターゲティング剤と連結するための反応原子団若しくはターゲティング剤と連結している基であることが好ましい。
つまり、R14がターゲティング剤と連結するための反応原子団若しくはターゲティング剤と連結している基である場合はR15が水素原子であり、R15がターゲティング剤と連結するための反応原子団若しくはターゲティング剤と連結している基である場合はR14が水素原子であることが好ましい。
本明細書における「ターゲティング剤」は、生体内の標的臓器若しくは組織に対する指向性又は標的分子に対する特異性を発現させるための化学構造を指す。本明細書では、標的臓器若しくは組織又は標的分子を総称して「標的部位」ともいう。
これらのターゲティング剤は、配位子化合物と直接結合していてもよく、PEGなどの他の公知のリンカー構造を介して間接的に結合していてもよい。
連結にクリック反応を用いる場合は、例えば、ターゲティング剤が有する反応原子団、及び配位子化合物が有するターゲティング剤と連結するための反応原子団は、いずれもクリック反応可能な原子団を含む基とすることができる。
このような化学構造を有する配位子化合物を用いることによって、標的部位に対する特異性又は指向性を有するターゲティング剤と容易に結合させやすくでき、またターゲティング剤の標的部位に対する特異性又は指向性を十分維持した状態で、標的部位に対する特異性又は指向性を有する放射性Zr錯体を収率高く得ることができる。
このような原子団の例としては、構成するアミノ酸残基が3残基以上であるペプチドであればよく、例えばIgG、IgA、IgM、IgD及びIgEのクラスを有する抗体(免疫グロブリン)、Fabフラグメント、F(ab’)2フラグメント等の抗体断片、ペプチドアプタマーが挙げられる。また、このようなターゲティング剤を構成するアミノ酸は天然のものであってもよく、合成されたものであってもよい。
またペプチドを含む上記原子団の分子量は特に限定されない。
本明細書における「反応原子団」とは、一方の化合物と他方の化合物とを結合させる際の反応が直接生じる化学構造を指す。このような反応原子団としては、例えばクリック反応可能な原子団が挙げられるが、これに限られない。
式(5b)中、R2は、配位子化合物又はターゲティング剤を含む原子団との結合部位を示す。
式(5c)中、R3及びR4のうち一方が配位子化合物又はターゲティング剤を含む原子団との結合部位を示し、他方が水素原子、メチル基、フェニル基又はピリジル基を示す。
式(5d)中、R5は、配位子化合物又はターゲティング剤を含む原子団との結合部位を示す。
この場合、ターゲティング剤は、配位子化合物における反応原子団と特異的に結合するクリック反応可能な原子団で修飾されている化合物を用いることができる。
ターゲティング剤を修飾するクリック反応可能な原子団としては上述のものと同様のものを用いることができる。このような化合物を用いることで、標的部位に対する特異性又は指向性を備えた放射性Zr錯体を製造できる。
放射性Zr元素として89Zrを用いた。また配位子化合物として、DOTA(上記式(1)中、R11、R12、R13及びR14が全て「‐CH2COOH」基であり、R15が水素原子である。)を用いた。
配位子化合物水溶液を7.5μLと、放射性Zr源として89Zrイオン含有溶液(溶媒:0.1mol/L塩酸水溶液、放射能濃度:3.4GBq/mL、比放射能:11.4MBq/nmol)を25μLと、緩衝剤含有水溶液として0.13mol/L酢酸-酢酸ナトリウム緩衝(pH:5.5)を12.5μLとを反応容器(ガラスバイアル)内でそれぞれ混合した。
実施例1では、添加剤としてゲンチジン酸(上記式(2b))を注射用水に溶解した300mmol/L水溶液を、以下の表1に示す最終濃度となるように更に添加した。
比較例1では、ゲンチジン酸を添加しなかった。
このようにして、以下の表1に示す各種濃度及びpHを有する反応液をそれぞれ調製した。これらの反応液はいずれも有機溶媒が非含有のものである。
展開後の薄層クロマトグラムをTLC解析装置(GITA Star)に導入して、89Zr錯体溶液中の未反応の89Zrを含む全89Zr放射能カウント及び89Zr錯体の放射能カウントをそれぞれ測定した。そして、全89Zr放射能カウントに対する89Zr体の放射能カウントの百分率を標識率(%)として算出した。標識率は、標識反応の進行度合いを示すものであり、標識率が高いほど、目的とする放射性Zr標識化合物が多く生成しており、標識反応が良好に進行していることを意味する。結果を以下の表1に示す。
本実施例では、配位子化合物として、p-SCN-Bn-DOTAに、鎖状ペプチドとしてフィサレミン(分子量:1265Da)を常法によって結合させた配位子化合物を用いた。この配位子化合物は、上記式(1-b)に包含される形態である。この配位子化合物の化学構造の詳細を以下の式(E1)に示す。
実施例2では、添加剤としてゲンチジン酸(上記式(2b))を注射用水に溶解した300mmol/L水溶液を、以下の表1に示す最終濃度となるように更に添加した。
比較例2では、ゲンチジン酸を添加しなかった。
このようにして、以下の表1に示す各種濃度及びpHを有する反応液をそれぞれ調製した。実施例2及び比較例2の反応液はいずれも、有機溶媒としてDMSOを最終濃度50体積%含むものであった。
これ以外は実施例1と同様の方法で実施、評価した。結果を以下の表1に示す。
本実施例では、配位子化合物として、p-SCN-Bn-DOTAに、環状ペプチドとしてダプトマイシン(分子量:1619Da)を常法によって結合させた配位子化合物を用いた。この配位子化合物は、上記式(1-b)に包含される形態である。この配位子化合物の化学構造の詳細を以下の式(E2)に示す。
実施例3~7では、添加剤としてゲンチジン酸(上記式(2b))を注射用水に溶解した300mmol/L水溶液を、以下の表1に示す反応液中最終濃度となるように更に添加した。
比較例3~4ではいずれも、ゲンチジン酸を添加しなかった。
このようにして、以下の表1に示す各種濃度及びpHを有する反応液をそれぞれ調製した。実施例3~7及び比較例3~4の反応液はいずれも、有機溶媒としてDMSOを最終濃度50体積%含むものであった。
これ以外は実施例1と同様の方法で実施、評価した。結果を以下の表1に示す。
反応液中のゲンチジン酸の濃度を以下の表1に示す濃度となるように、且つDMSOを最終濃度50体積%含むように調整した以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で実施、評価した。結果を表1に示す。
添加剤としてサリチル酸(上記式(2a))を用い、反応液中のサリチル酸の濃度を以下の表1に示す濃度となるように、且つDMSOを最終濃度50体積%含むように調製した以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で実施、評価した。結果を表1に示す。
添加剤としてプロトカテク酸(上記式(2c))を用い、反応液中のプロトカテク酸の濃度を以下の表1に示す濃度となるように、且つDMSOを最終濃度50体積%含むように調製した以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で実施、評価した。結果を表1に示す。
配位子化合物としてDOTAGA-DBCO(上記式(X))を用い、0.156mol/L酢酸-酢酸ナトリウム緩衝(pH:5.5)に溶解させて、配位子化合物を0.3mmol/L含む溶液を調製した。
上記の配位子化合物溶液を128.9μLと、放射性Zr源として89Zrイオン含有溶液(溶媒:0.1mol/L塩酸水溶液、放射能濃度:8.0GBq/mL、比放射能:25.4MBq/nmol)を85.9μLとを反応容器(ガラスバイアル)内でそれぞれ混合した。
実施例11では、添加剤としてゲンチジン酸を0.156mol/L酢酸-酢酸ナトリウム緩衝(pH:5.5)に溶解した150mmol/L溶液を以下の表1に示す最終濃度となるように更に添加した。
これ以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で実施、評価した。結果を表1に示す。
そして、これらの緩衝液を反応液として用いたときに、薄層クロマトグラフィーにより測定したときにおけるDOTAに対する標識率が50%以上であることも本発明者は確認している。また、酸を添加剤に用いることによって、反応液のpHの調整と添加剤の所定量の添加とを一度の工程で行うことができ、且つ標識率を向上できる点で有利である。
Claims (15)
- 放射性ジルコニウムイオンと、
下記式(1)で表される配位子化合物と、
を反応液中で反応させて、放射性ジルコニウム錯体を形成させる工程を備え、
前記反応液として、
前記放射性ジルコニウムイオンの放射能量が反応開始時において60MBq以上であり、かつ、
前記配位子化合物1nmolあたり、前記放射性ジルコニウムイオンの放射能量が反応開始時において5MBq以上であるものを用い、
下記式(2)で表される添加剤又はその塩の存在下で前記工程を行う、放射性ジルコニウム錯体の製造方法。
- 前記反応液のpHが酸性領域である状態で前記工程を行う、請求項1に記載の製造方法。
- 前記反応液のpHが2.0以上6.0以下にある状態で前記工程を行う、請求項2に記載の製造方法。
- 前記式(2)中、R21が-COOHであり、R22~R26のうち1つ以上3つ以下の基はヒドロキシ基であり且つそれ以外の基は水素原子である前記添加剤又はその塩を用い、
前記反応液のpHが2.0以上6.0以下にある状態で前記工程を行う、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。 - 前記式(2)中、R21が-COOHであり、R22~R26のうち1つ以上3つ以下の基はヒドロキシ基であり且つそれ以外の基は水素原子である前記添加剤又はその塩を用い、
反応開始時において前記放射性ジルコニウムイオンの放射能量(MBq)に対する前記添加剤の含有量の比が、5nmol/MBq以上である、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。 - 前記式(2)中、R21が-COOHであり、R22及びR25がともにヒドロキシ基であり且つR23、R24及びR26がいずれも水素原子である前記添加剤又はその塩を用い、
反応開始時において、前記放射性ジルコニウムイオンの放射能量(MBq)に対する前記添加剤の含有量の比が、5nmol/MBq以上125nmol/MBq以下である、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。 - 前記式(2)中、R21が-COOHであり、R22及びR25がともにヒドロキシ基であり且つR23、R24及びR26がいずれも水素原子である前記添加剤又はその塩を用い、
前記配位子化合物のモル量(nmol)に対する前記添加剤のモル量(nmol)の比が60以上1500以下である、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。 - 前記反応液は、水と、水溶性有機化合物と、を更に含み、
前記水溶性有機化合物は、酢酸及びその塩、リン酸及びその塩、2-アミノ-2-(ヒドロキシメチル)プロパン-1,3-ジオール、2-[4-(2-ヒドロキシエチル)-1-ピペラジニル)-エタンスルホン酸、テトラメチルアンモニウム酢酸、並びに塩基性アミノ酸のうち少なくとも一種である、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。 - 前記反応液に含まれる前記水溶性有機化合物の濃度が、0.01mol/L以上5.0mol/L以下である、請求項8に記載の製造方法。
- 前記反応液は、前記水溶性有機化合物として酢酸及びその塩を含む、請求項8又は9に記載の製造方法。
- 30℃以上100℃以下に前記反応液を加熱して、前記放射性ジルコニウムイオンと前記配位子化合物とを反応させる、請求項1~10のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
- 前記式(1)中、R11、R12及びR13はいずれも、-(CH2)pCOOHからなる基であり、
R14又はR15の一方が、水素原子であるか、又は-(CH2)pCOOHからなる基であり、
R14又はR15の他方が、-(CH2)pCOOHからなる基であるか、又は、ターゲティング剤と連結するための反応原子団若しくはターゲティング剤と連結している基であり、
R14がターゲティング剤と連結するための反応原子団若しくはターゲティング剤と連結している基である場合は、R15は水素原子であり、
R15がターゲティング剤と連結するための反応原子団若しくはターゲティング剤と連結している基である場合は、R14は水素原子である、請求項1~11のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。 - 前記式(1)中、前記ターゲティング剤が、鎖状ペプチド、環状ペプチド若しくはこれらの組み合わせ、タンパク質、抗体若しくはそのフラグメント、成長因子、アフィボディ、ユニボディ、ナノボディ、単糖類、多糖類、ビタミン、アンチセンス核酸、siRNA、miRNA、核酸アプタマー、デコイ核酸、cPGオリゴ核酸、ペプチド核酸、リポソーム、ミセル、カーボンナノチューブ、ナノ粒子から選ばれる一種又は二種以上含む原子団である、請求項1~12のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
- 前記式(1)中、前記ターゲティング剤と連結するための反応原子団が、アジド基若しくはアルキニル基、または、ジエン若しくはジエノフィルである、請求項12に記載の製造方法。
- 前記式(1)中、ターゲティング剤と連結するための反応原子団を有する前記配位子化合物を用いて、前記放射性ジルコニウムイオンを該配位子化合物に配位させ、然る後に、
前記反応原子団と、前記ターゲティング剤とを反応させる、請求項1~14のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
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