WO2022073494A1 - 一种板缝防漏结构、装配式屋面板和装配式屋面板系统 - Google Patents

一种板缝防漏结构、装配式屋面板和装配式屋面板系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022073494A1
WO2022073494A1 PCT/CN2021/122739 CN2021122739W WO2022073494A1 WO 2022073494 A1 WO2022073494 A1 WO 2022073494A1 CN 2021122739 W CN2021122739 W CN 2021122739W WO 2022073494 A1 WO2022073494 A1 WO 2022073494A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
roof panel
seam
layer
rib
leakage
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PCT/CN2021/122739
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
黄晓康
孔维拯
陈玲
潘广元
李帅
程泽豪
郭发强
Original Assignee
中建科工集团有限公司
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Application filed by 中建科工集团有限公司 filed Critical 中建科工集团有限公司
Priority to US17/786,862 priority Critical patent/US20230250630A1/en
Publication of WO2022073494A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022073494A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/66—Sealings
    • E04B1/68—Sealings of joints, e.g. expansion joints
    • E04B1/6813—Compressable seals of hollow form
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B7/00—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/66—Sealings
    • E04B1/68—Sealings of joints, e.g. expansion joints
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/66—Sealings
    • E04B1/68—Sealings of joints, e.g. expansion joints
    • E04B1/6801—Fillings therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/66—Sealings
    • E04B1/68—Sealings of joints, e.g. expansion joints
    • E04B1/6806—Waterstops
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B7/00—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation
    • E04B7/20—Roofs consisting of self-supporting slabs, e.g. able to be loaded
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D3/00—Roof covering by making use of flat or curved slabs or stiff sheets
    • E04D3/35—Roofing slabs or stiff sheets comprising two or more layers, e.g. for insulation
    • E04D3/351—Roofing slabs or stiff sheets comprising two or more layers, e.g. for insulation at least one of the layers being composed of insulating material, e.g. fibre or foam material
    • E04D3/352—Roofing slabs or stiff sheets comprising two or more layers, e.g. for insulation at least one of the layers being composed of insulating material, e.g. fibre or foam material at least one insulating layer being located between non-insulating layers, e.g. double skin slabs or sheets
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B80/00—Architectural or constructional elements improving the thermal performance of buildings
    • Y02B80/32—Roof garden systems

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of construction engineering, in particular to a plate seam leak-proof structure, a prefabricated roof panel and a prefabricated roof panel system.
  • Prefabricated decoration is an emerging form of decoration construction in recent years.
  • prefabricated decoration is to complete the production of various parts and components required for decoration in the factory, and then transport them to the decoration site for combined installation, eliminating the need for traditional decoration sites to measure and cut each part.
  • the construction is simpler and more convenient, which can greatly improve the construction efficiency of the decoration site, and the construction site is more tidy and beautiful, and will not generate too much decoration material waste, which is a more green and environmentally friendly decoration construction form.
  • the prefabricated structure housing adopts steel structure composite roof panels, which are spliced together by multiple roof panels during construction. There are panel seams between adjacent roof panels. Service life has a huge impact.
  • Existing building roof slab joints are generally treated with micro-expansion mortar for joint filling. With such a waterproof treatment method, the mortar is easy to fall off due to the action of gravity or a long time, especially in rainy seasons or when there is a lot of rainwater, it is easy to cause seepage. Water leakage will affect the normal use of the building, and the waterproof performance is poor.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present application is to overcome the technical problem that the micro-expansion mortar is easy to fall off due to the waterproof treatment method of the micro-expansion mortar between the board seams of the prefabricated steel structure roof panel in the prior art, thereby providing a structure Simple and better waterproof performance of prefabricated roof panel seam leak-proof structure, prefabricated roof panel and prefabricated roof panel system.
  • an object of the present application is to provide a seam leak-proof structure for a fabricated roof panel, including:
  • the first anti-leakage layer includes two sets of flexible structures, which are mutually abutted and arranged at the joint where the main rib of the roof panel and the main rib of the adjacent roof panel are butted;
  • Any one group of flexible structures includes a main body part sealingly fitted with the main rib and at least one convex part fixed on the main body part that protrudes toward the seam and can be closely abutted on the other group of flexible structures,
  • An air cavity layer that is sealed and isolated from the outside can be enclosed between the convex parts of the two sets of flexible structures.
  • the air pressure of the air cavity layer is higher than the air pressure of the outside world, so as to prevent the liquid outside the seam from penetrating into the air cavity layer and entering the air cavity layer. indoor.
  • any set of flexible structures has at least two convex parts arranged at intervals up and down, and the main body part of any set of flexible structures is between the two convex parts. Enclosing a cavity area with an opening facing the other flexible structure;
  • the convex parts of the two sets of flexible structures are arranged in a corresponding abutment, so that the two cavity regions are closed to form the air cavity layer.
  • the flexible structure is a foamed plastic with low thermal conductivity.
  • the main body portion includes a cushion portion located at the bottom end of the seam and arranged at the bottom end of the main rib and extending upward from the cushion portion to the seam. an inner extension part, the extension part is suitable for being closely attached to the main rib;
  • the protruding portion is integrally formed on the side of the cushion portion and/or the extending portion facing the seam.
  • the convex portion is a blister having a cavity portion therein.
  • the height of the longitudinal section of the extension portion is smaller than the height of the longitudinal section of the joint.
  • the seam leakage prevention structure of the prefabricated roof panel further includes a second leakage prevention layer filled in the seam and located above the first leakage prevention layer.
  • Another object of the present application is to provide a fabricated roof panel, comprising:
  • the main body of the roof panel is composed of a light steel outer frame and a concrete structure layer located in the light steel outer frame, and the concrete structure layer is provided with a plurality of parallel and/or perpendicularly intersecting steel bars;
  • main ribs arranged on two opposite long sides of the roof panel main body
  • At least one reinforcing rib is arranged in the concrete structure layer, parallel to the end rib, and both ends of the reinforcing rib are respectively welded with the light steel outer frame
  • the upper surface of the main rib is lower than the roof panel body, and the lower surface of the main rib protrudes from the lower surface of the roof panel body;
  • the upper surface of the end rib is lower than the roof panel body, and the lower surface of the end rib is flush with the lower surface of the roof panel body.
  • Another object of the present application is to provide a prefabricated roof panel system, which is characterized in that it includes a plurality of prefabricated roof panels described in any one of the above, and a plurality of the prefabricated roof panels are spliced to form the prefabricated roof panel system.
  • the anti-leakage structure of the prefabricated roof panel of the present application includes:
  • the first anti-leakage layer includes two sets of flexible structures, which are mutually abutted and arranged at the joint where the main rib of the roof panel and the main rib of the adjacent roof panel are butted;
  • Any one group of flexible structures includes a main body part sealingly fitted with the main rib and at least one convex part fixed on the main body part that protrudes toward the seam and can be closely abutted on the other group of flexible structures,
  • An air cavity layer that is sealed and isolated from the outside can be enclosed between the convex parts of the two sets of flexible structures.
  • the air pressure of the air cavity layer is higher than the air pressure of the outside world, so as to prevent the liquid outside the seam from penetrating into the air cavity layer and entering the air cavity layer. indoor.
  • the leak-proof structure of the board seam of the prefabricated roof panel of the above structure is formed by arranging a first leak-proof layer composed of two sets of flexible structures abutting against each other between the joints, and the protrusions on the flexible structures are closely abutted to form a contact with the outside world.
  • the air cavity area is sealed and isolated, so that the outdoor rainwater cannot penetrate into the air cavity area and then into the room, so that the indoor and outdoor are isolated, and it has good waterproof performance.
  • the flexible structure is sealed with the main rib and is not easy to fall off.
  • the waterproof method of filling mortar The mortar is easy to fall off, which leads to the problem of poor waterproof performance.
  • the flexible structure is a foamed plastic with low thermal conductivity.
  • the function of heat preservation and heat insulation on the premise of ensuring the waterproof function, it can also avoid the generation of the cold and heat bridge effect of the steel structure at the joint position, and improve the service life of the roof panel.
  • the seam leak-proof structure of the prefabricated roof panel of the present application also includes a second leak-proof layer, and the first leak-proof layer and the second leak-proof layer work together at the joints, so that the joints form double waterproofing. Even if the thermal insulation mortar falls off and causes water leakage, the air cavity area of the flexible structure can still prevent rainwater from infiltrating into the room and improve the waterproof performance of the board joints.
  • the leak-proof structure of the board seam of the fabricated roof panel of the present application wherein the second leak-proof layer is a thermal insulation mortar layer.
  • the thermal insulation mortar By filling the thermal insulation mortar above the flexible structure at the joint, the thermal insulation mortar has a good thermal insulation effect and can prevent the generation of the cold-heat bridge effect of the steel structure at the joint.
  • Fig. 1 is the top-view structure schematic diagram of the prefabricated roof panel in Embodiment 2 of the application without reinforcement;
  • Fig. 2 is A-A sectional structure schematic diagram in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional structure along the direction B-B in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 4 is the top-view structure schematic diagram of the prefabricated roof panel in Embodiment 2 of the application when reinforcing bars;
  • Figure 5 is a partial longitudinal sectional view at C of Figure 1;
  • FIG. 6 is a longitudinal cross-sectional structural view of the leak-proof structure of the board seam in Embodiment 1 of the application.
  • 1-roof panel 10-roof panel main body; 11-main rib; 12-end rib; 13-reinforcing rib;
  • 2-flexible structure 20-body part; 201-pad part; 202-extension part; 21-convex part; 211-cavity part; 22-air cavity area; 221-cavity area;
  • the present embodiment provides an anti-leakage structure for a board seam of a prefabricated roof panel, including a first anti-leakage layer and a second anti-leakage layer.
  • the first anti-leakage layer includes two sets of flexible structures 2, and the two sets of flexible structures 2 are respectively arranged on the main ribs 11 of two adjacent roof panels 1, that is to say, the two sets of flexible structures 2 are arranged on two adjacent roofs.
  • the second leak-proof layer is filled between the joints of two adjacent roof panels 1 and is located above the flexible structure 2 .
  • any set of flexible structures 2 includes a main body portion 20 and a convex portion 21 .
  • the main body portion 20 is L-shaped and includes a cushion portion that is cushioned at the bottom end of the main rib 11 .
  • the cushion part 201 and the bottom end of the main rib are also sealed and fixed by sealant, and the extension part 202 is tightly fitted, for example, sealed and fixed on part of the main rib by sealant 11, that is to say, the height of the longitudinal section of the extension part 202 is smaller than the height of the longitudinal section of the seam, which can reduce the size of the flexible structure and reduce the cost, and at the same time, a part of the gap can be left above the flexible structure 2 at the seam. It is used to fill the second leak-proof layer 3 to form double waterproof and improve waterproof performance.
  • the extension portion 202 can also directly extend to the topmost end of the seam, that is, the upper surface of the main rib 11 or the upper surface of the roof panel body 10.
  • the lateral length of the cushion portion 201 is greater than the lateral length of the extension portion 202 . So that the pad part 201 can be closely attached to the bottom end of the main rib 11 , the contact area between the flexible structure 2 and the main rib 11 is increased, and the connection firmness of the flexible structure 2 and the main rib 11 is improved.
  • the two convex parts 21 are integrally formed on the sides of the extension part 202 and the cushion part 201 facing the seam, that is, the two convex parts 21 are spaced one above the other, so that the side of the main part 20 facing the seam and the two The protruding parts 21 together form an unclosed cavity area 221 with an opening facing the seam.
  • the protruding parts 21 of the two flexible structures 2 are correspondingly arranged, and each protruding part 21 is a hollow cavity part 211 inside. spherical structure.
  • the flexible structure 2 on the left side of the two groups of flexible structures 2 is described as the first flexible structure
  • the flexible structure 2 on the right side is described as the second flexible structure
  • the convex structure above the two flexible structures 2 is described as the second flexible structure.
  • the part 21 is described as the first bulge
  • the lower bulge 21 is described as the second bulge
  • the cavity region 221 of the first flexible structure is described as the first cavity region
  • the cavity region 221 of the second flexible structure is described as the first cavity region Two cavity areas.
  • first blisters of the first flexible structure are in close contact with the first blisters of the second flexible structure
  • second blisters of the first flexible structure are in close contact with the second blisters of the second flexible structure, so that The first cavity area and the second cavity area form a closed air cavity area 22.
  • first flexible structure and the second flexible structure need to be squeezed close to each other, so that the first blisters of the first flexible structure and the The second blisters and the first blisters and the second blisters of the second flexible structure are respectively extruded and formed in the sealed air cavity area at the bottom end of the seam.
  • the pressure Increase greater than the air pressure at other positions at the seam or at the bottom of the seam, so that the rainwater and other liquids that enter the seam, specifically outside the air cavity area, will not penetrate into the air chamber area 22, effectively preventing rainwater and other liquids from passing through the seam. It penetrates into the room and has a good waterproof effect.
  • only one convex portion 21 of the first flexible structure and one convex portion 21 of the second flexible structure are provided, and the two convex portions 21 are staggered up and down, for example, only the first flexible structure is provided with the first blisters, while the second flexible structure is only provided with second blisters.
  • the first blisters of the first flexible structure are located above the second blisters of the second flexible structure.
  • the first blisters of the first flexible structure are tightly Abutting on the side wall of the extension part 202 of the second flexible structure, the second blisters of the second flexible structure tightly abutting on the side wall of the cushion part 201 of the first bub
  • a closed air cavity area 22 is enclosed between the two blisters and the side walls of the first flexible structure and the second flexible structure.
  • the protruding portion is a blister with a cavity in it, so as to provide an escape space for the protruding portion when it is deformed when being squeezed, and at the same time, it is also convenient for the protruding portion to be able to quickly release the pressing of the protruding portion.
  • the cavity can be filled with compressed air.
  • the protrusions can also be solid elastic protrusions.
  • the shape of the convex portion is not particularly limited, and may be spherical, elliptical, heart-shaped, or the like.
  • the material of the flexible structure 2 is preferably a low thermal conductivity foamed plastic, such as but not limited to the existing conventional foamed rubber, which is simple to manufacture, low in cost, low in thermal conductivity, good in elasticity, and has good thermal insulation Thermal properties, for example, can also be conventional foamed polyethylene, foamed polyurethane, and the like.
  • the low thermal conductivity material can avoid the generation of the cold-heat bridge effect of the steel structure at the joint position, and improve the service life of the roof panel 1 .
  • the flexible structure 2 can wrap the roof panel 1 with edges and corners, so as to protect the roof panel 1 .
  • the flexible material since the flexible material has a certain degree of flexibility, when there is a construction deviation in the main structure under the roof panel 1, the flexible material is deformed to provide certain compensation and improve the adaptability during installation.
  • the thermal insulation mortar can be selected from rubber powder particle thermal insulation mortar, vitrified microbead thermal insulation mortar or cement perlite thermal insulation mortar.
  • a cement-based waterproof coating can be painted on the upper surface of the second leak-proof layer 3, specifically the upper surface of the main rib or the edge of the upper surface of the roof panel, which has good thermal insulation performance.
  • the flexible structure 2 with low thermal conductivity it can effectively prevent the metal structure such as the light steel outer frame at the seam from generating the cold-heat bridge effect.
  • the second leak-proof layer 3 can also be made of other waterproof materials, such as intumescent waterstop strips or waterproof sealants.
  • a prefabricated roof panel 1 provided in this embodiment includes a roof panel body 10 , a main rib 11 , an end rib 12 , a reinforcing rib 13 and the plate seam leak-proof structure in the above embodiment 1 .
  • the main body 10 of the roof panel is a rectangular roof panel, which consists of a light steel outer frame around it and a concrete structure layer filled in the light steel outer frame.
  • the composite board core can include a core board with a thickness of 30cm and a density of 500kg/ m3 , a thickness of 48cm and a density of 300kg/ m3 .
  • the core board of 20cm thick and the core board with a density of 500kg/m 3 are laminated and composited up and down.
  • the steel bar 4 includes a plurality of steel bars, and the plurality of steel bars 4 are arranged in parallel and vertical.
  • a liquid mud-based composite impermeable coating with a thickness of 1 cm may be provided on the upper surface of the roof panel body 10
  • a water-resistant putty sealing layer with a thickness of 1 cm may be provided on the lower surface of the roof panel body 10 .
  • the upper and lower sides of the roof panel body 10 are long sides, the left and right sides are short sides, the two long sides are provided with main ribs 11, and the two short sides are provided with end ribs 12,
  • a plurality of reinforcing ribs 13 arranged in parallel with the end ribs 12 are also arranged in the middle of the roof panel main body 10, and both ends of the reinforcing ribs 13 are respectively welded and fixed to the light steel outer frame.
  • the main rib 11 is a lightweight concrete rib
  • the end rib 12 is a lightweight concrete rib
  • the reinforcing rib 13 is an angle steel.
  • the intervals between the plurality of reinforcing ribs 13 are equal, for example, the interval between two adjacent reinforcing ribs 13 is 1/4 of the length of the long side of the roof panel main body 10 .
  • the number of reinforcing ribs 13 only one can be provided, and other numbers can also be provided, and the design is mainly selected and designed according to the length of the roof panel main body 10 .
  • the main rib 11 as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 2 , the upper surface of the end rib 12 is lower than the upper surface of the roof panel body 10 , and the lower surface of the end rib 12 is flush with the lower surface of the roof panel body 10 . That is to say, the height of the main rib 11 is higher than that of the end rib 12 .
  • the leak-proof structure of the board seam in the above embodiment 1 is provided on the main rib 11 of the roof panel, and is preferably fixed by adhesive bonding.
  • a prefabricated roof panel system provided in this embodiment includes a plurality of prefabricated roof panels 1 in Embodiment 2, which are assembled by splicing a plurality of prefabricated roof panels 1 in Embodiment 2. become.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Roof Covering Using Slabs Or Stiff Sheets (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)

Abstract

本申请涉及建筑工程技术领域，公开了一种装配式屋面板的板缝防漏结构、装配式屋面板和屋面板系统，其中板缝防漏结构包括第一防漏层，第一防漏层包括两组柔性结构，相互抵接设置在屋面板长边的主肋与相邻屋面板的长边的主肋的拼缝处；任一组柔性结构包括与主肋密封贴合的主体部和固设在主体部上的至少一个朝向拼缝处凸出延伸并可紧密抵接在另一组柔性结构上的凸部，两组柔性结构的凸部之间可围合成与外界密封隔离的气腔层，气腔层的气压高于外界的气压，以阻止拼缝底端的液体渗入所述气腔层并进入到室内。具有良好的防水性能，柔性结构与主肋密封连接，不易脱落，解决了现有填设砂浆的防水方式砂浆容易脱落导致防水性能较差的问题。

Description

一种板缝防漏结构、装配式屋面板和装配式屋面板系统 技术领域
本申请涉及建筑工程技术领域，具体为一种板缝防漏结构、装配式屋面板和装配式屋面板系统。
背景技术
装配式装饰是近年新兴的一种装饰施工形式。装配式装饰顾名思义，即是将装饰所需要使用的各个部品部件在工厂内实现生产完成，然后运输到装饰现场进行组合安装，免去了传统的装饰现场对各部品部件的测量、切割等作业，施工更为简单方便，可以极大地提高装饰现场的施工效率，并且施工现场更为整洁和美观，不会产生过多的装饰材料垃圾，是一种更为绿色环保的装饰施工形式。
装配式结构住房采用钢结构复合屋面板，搭建时由多个屋面板相互拼接而成，相邻屋面板之间存在有板缝，板缝的防水好坏对于屋面建筑物的质量和建筑物的使用寿命有着极大的影响。现有的建筑屋面板板缝一般采用微膨胀砂浆进行灌缝处理，这样的防水处理方式，砂浆由于重力作用或者时间长久导致很容易脱落，尤其在多雨季节或者雨水集聚较多时，很容易产生渗漏水，影响建筑的正常使用，防水性能较差。
发明内容
本申请所要解决的技术问题在于克服现有技术中的装配式钢结构屋面 板的板缝之间采用微膨胀砂浆的灌缝防水处理方式，微膨胀砂浆容易脱落的技术问题，从而提供一种结构简单，防水性能更好的装配式屋面板的板缝防漏结构、装配式屋面板和装配式屋面板系统。
为此，本申请的一个目的在于提供一种装配式屋面板的板缝防漏结构，包括：
第一防漏层，所述第一防漏层包括两组柔性结构，相互抵接设置在屋面板的主肋与相邻屋面板的主肋对接的拼缝处；
任一组柔性结构包括与主肋密封贴合的主体部和固设在所述主体部上的至少一个朝向拼缝处凸出延伸并可紧密抵接在另一组柔性结构上的凸部，两组柔性结构的凸部之间可围合成与外界密封隔离的气腔层，所述气腔层的气压高于外界的气压，以阻止拼缝外的液体渗入所述气腔层并进入到室内。
可选的，所述的装配式屋面板的板缝防漏结构，任一组柔性结构均具有至少两个上下间隔设置的凸部，任一组柔性结构的主体部和两个凸部之间围合成一个开口朝向另一个柔性结构的空腔区；
两组柔性结构的凸部对应抵接设置，以使两个空腔区封闭形成所述气腔层。
可选的，所述的装配式屋面板的板缝防漏结构，所述柔性结构为低导热的发泡塑料。
可选的，所述的装配式屋面板的板缝防漏结构，所述主体部包括位于拼缝底端的垫设于所述主肋底端的垫部和由所述垫部向上延伸至拼缝内的延伸部，所述延伸部适于紧密贴设于主肋上；
所述凸部一体成型在所述垫部和/或所述延伸部朝向所述拼缝的侧面上。
可选的，所述的装配式屋面板的板缝防漏结构，所述凸部为内具有空腔部的凸泡。
可选的，所述的装配式屋面板的板缝防漏结构，所述延伸部的纵向截面的高度要小于拼缝的纵向截面的高度。
可选的，所述的装配式屋面板的板缝防漏结构，还包括填设于所述拼缝内且位于所述第一防漏层上方的第二防漏层。
本申请的另一个目的在于提供一种装配式屋面板，包括：
屋面板主体，由轻钢外框和位于轻钢外框内的混凝土结构层构成，所述混凝土结构层内设有多个平行和/或垂直相交的钢筋；
主肋，设置在所述屋面板主体的两相对的长边上；
端肋，设置在所述屋面板主体的两相对的短边上；
至少一个加强肋，设置在所述混凝土结构层内，与所述端肋平行，所述加强肋的两端分别与所述轻钢外框焊接
上述任一项所述的板缝防漏结构。
可选，所述的一种装配式屋面板，所述主肋的上表面低于所述屋面板主体，所述主肋的下表面凸出于所述屋面板主体的下表面；和/或
所述端肋的上表面低于所述屋面板主体，所述端肋的下表面与所述屋面板主体的下表面相平。
本申请还有一个目的在于提供一种装配式屋面板系统，其特征在于，包括多个上述任一项所述的装配式屋面板，多个所述装配屋面板拼接形成 所述装配式屋面板系统。
本申请技术方案，具有如下优点：
1.本申请的装配式屋面板的板缝防漏结构，包括：
第一防漏层，所述第一防漏层包括两组柔性结构，相互抵接设置在屋面板的主肋与相邻屋面板的主肋对接的拼缝处；
任一组柔性结构包括与主肋密封贴合的主体部和固设在所述主体部上的至少一个朝向拼缝处凸出延伸并可紧密抵接在另一组柔性结构上的凸部，两组柔性结构的凸部之间可围合成与外界密封隔离的气腔层，所述气腔层的气压高于外界的气压，以阻止拼缝外的液体渗入所述气腔层并进入到室内。
上述结构的装配式屋面板的板缝防漏结构，通过在拼缝间设置由两组相互抵接的柔性结构构成的第一防漏层，通过柔性结构上的凸部紧密抵接形成与外界密封隔离的气腔区，使得室外的雨水无法渗入到气腔区内进而渗入到室内，使室内与室外隔离，具有良好的防水性能，柔性结构与主肋密封连接，不易脱落，解决了现有填设砂浆的防水方式砂浆容易脱落导致防水性能较差的问题。
2.本申请的装配式屋面板的板缝防漏结构，所述柔性结构为低导热的发泡塑料。具有保温隔热功能，在确保防水功能的前提下，还可以避免拼缝位置的钢结构的冷热桥效应的产生，提高屋面板的使用寿命。
3.本申请的装配式屋面板的板缝防漏结构，还包括第二防漏层，通过第一防漏层和第二防漏层共同作用在拼缝处，使得拼缝处形成双重防水结构， 即使保温砂浆脱落导致漏水，柔性结构的气腔区仍然能够阻止雨水渗入到室内，提高板缝的防水性能。
4.本申请的装配式屋面板的板缝防漏结构，所述第二防漏层为保温砂浆层。通过在拼缝处位于柔性结构上方填设保温砂浆，保温砂浆具有良好的保温隔热效果，可以阻止拼缝处的钢结构的冷热桥效应的产生。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请具体实施方式或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对具体实施方式或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本申请的一些实施方式，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请实施例2中的装配式屋面板未配钢筋的俯视结构示意图；
图2为图1中A-A向剖视结构示意图；
图3为图1中B-B向剖视结构示意图；
图4为本申请实施例2中的装配式屋面板配钢筋时的俯视结构示意图；
图5为图1的C处的局部纵向截面图；
图6为本申请实施例1中的板缝防漏结构的纵向剖视结构图。
附图标记说明：
1-屋面板；10-屋面板主体；11-主肋；12-端肋；13-加强肋；
2-柔性结构；20-主体部；201-垫部；202-延伸部；21-凸部；211-空腔部；22-气腔区；221-空腔区；
3-第二防漏层；
4-钢筋。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本申请的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
实施例1
请参阅图1至图3和图5至图6，本实施例提供的一种装配式屋面板的板缝防漏结构，包括第一防漏层和第二防漏层。第一防漏层包括两组柔性结构2，两组柔性结构2分别设置在两个相邻屋面板1的相对接的主肋11上，也就是说两组柔性结构2设置在相邻两屋面板1的主肋11的对接的拼缝处，第二防漏层填充在相邻两个屋面板1的拼缝之间且位于柔性结构2的上方。
具体的，对于任一组柔性结构2而言，如图5至图6所示，包括主体部20和凸部21，主体部20呈L字型，包括垫设在主肋11底端的垫部201和由垫部201的上端向上延伸至拼缝内的延伸部202，垫部201与主肋底端也通过密封胶密封固定，延伸部202紧密贴合比如通过密封胶密封固定在部分主肋11上，也就是说延伸部202的纵向截面的高度要小于拼缝的纵向截面的高度，可以缩小柔性结构的尺寸，降低成本，同时还可以在拼缝处位于柔性结构2上方留有部分缝隙用于填设第二防漏层3，以形成双重防水，提高防水性能。可选的，延伸部202也可以直接延伸到拼缝的最顶端也即 主肋11的上表面或者屋面板主体10的上表面。垫部201的横向长度要大于延伸部202的横向长度。以便于垫部201能够紧密贴合垫设在主肋11的底端，增加柔性结构2与主肋11的接触面积，提高柔性结构2与主肋11的连接牢固度。两个凸部21一体成型在延伸部202和垫部201的朝向拼缝处的侧面上，也即两个凸部21一上一下间隔设置，从而使得主体部20朝向拼缝的侧面与两个凸部21之间共同围合成一个开口朝向拼缝处的未封闭的空腔区221，两个柔性结构2的凸部21对应设置，每个凸部21均为内部具有中空的空腔部211的球状结构。为了便于描述和区分，将两组柔性结构2的左侧的柔性结构2描述为第一柔性结构，将右侧的柔性结构2描述为第二柔性结构，将两个柔性结构2的上方的凸部21描述为第一凸泡，下方的凸部21描述为第二凸泡，第一柔性结构的空腔区221描述为第一空腔区，第二柔性结构的空腔区221描述为第二空腔区。也即第一柔性结构的第一凸泡与第二柔性结构的第一凸泡紧密抵接，并且第一柔性结构的第二凸泡和第二柔性结构的第二凸泡紧密抵接，从而使得第一空腔区和第二空腔区形成封闭的气腔区22，安装时，需要将第一柔性结构和第二柔性结构相互挤压靠近，使得第一柔性结构的第一凸泡和第二凸泡分别与第二柔性结构的第一凸泡和第二凸泡相互挤压形成于拼缝底端密封隔开的密封气腔区，由于气腔区的气体受到挤压作用，压强增大，大于拼缝处其他位置或者拼缝底端的气压，使得进入到拼缝处具体为位于气腔区外的雨水等液体不会渗入到气腔区22，有效防止雨水等液体通过拼缝渗入到室内，起到了良好的防水效果。作为可替换的实施例，第一柔性结构的凸部21和第二柔性结构的凸部21均仅仅设置一个，且两个凸部21上下错开设置，比如， 第一柔性结构的仅仅设置第一凸泡，而第二柔性结构仅仅设置第二凸泡，第一柔性结构的第一凸泡位于第二柔性结构的第二凸泡的上方，安装时，第一柔性结构的第一凸泡紧密抵接在第二柔性结构的延伸部202的侧壁上，第二柔性结构的第二凸泡紧密抵接在第一凸泡的垫部201的侧壁上，以使第一凸泡和第二凸泡以及第一柔性结构和第二柔性结构的侧壁之间围合成封闭的气腔区22。优选地，凸部为内具有空腔部的凸泡，以便于为凸部在受到挤压时产生形变时可以提供避让空间，同时也便于在解除对凸部的挤压时，凸部能够快速地恢复到原来形状，优选地，在空腔部可以填充有压缩空气。作为可替换的，凸部也可以为实心的具有弹性的凸起。对于凸部的形状不做特别限定，可以为球形、椭圆形、心形等。
对于柔性结构2材质而言，优选为低导热的发泡塑料，比如但不局限于现有常规的发泡橡胶，制作简单，成本低，导热系数低，弹性较好，而且具有良好的保温隔热性能，比如还可以为现有常规的发泡聚乙烯、发泡聚氨酯等。低导热材质可以避免拼缝位置的钢结构的冷热桥效应的产生，提高屋面板1的使用寿命。同时柔性结构2可以对屋面板1进行包边包角，起到对屋面板1的保护作用。另外，由于柔性材料具有一定的柔性，当屋面板1下方的主体结构存在施工偏差时，柔性材料产生形变从而提供一定的补偿，提高了安装时的适应性。
对于第二防漏层3而言，比如为现有常规的保温砂浆，保温砂浆可选为胶粉颗粒保温砂浆、玻化微珠保温砂浆或水泥珍珠岩保温砂浆。可选的，在第二防漏层3的上表面具体为主肋的上表面或者屋面板的上表面边缘相平位置处可以涂刷有水泥基防水涂层，具有良好的保温隔热性能，同时结 合低导热的柔性结构2，可以有效的阻止拼缝处的轻钢外框等金属结构产生冷热桥效应。作为可替换的，第二防漏层3还可以为其他防水材料，比如膨胀止水条或者防水密封胶等。
实施例2
请参阅图1至图6，本实施例提供的一种装配式屋面板1，包括屋面板主体10、主肋11、端肋12、加强肋13和上述实施例1中的板缝防漏结构。其中屋面板主体10为长方形屋面板，由四周的轻钢外框和填充在轻钢外框内的混凝土结构层，混凝土结构层可以由多层复合板芯、钢筋4和外浇筑轻质混凝土构成，具体不做详细描述和限定，本领域技术人员可以根据实际需求选择复合板芯，比如复合板芯可以包括厚30cm、密度为500kg/m 3的芯板，厚48cm、密度为300kg/m 3的芯板和厚20cm、密度为500kg/m 3的芯板上下层叠复合而成，如图4所示，钢筋4包括多根，多根钢筋4成平行和垂直设置。优选地，在屋面板主体10的上表面还可以设置1cm厚的液体泥基复合抗渗涂层，在屋面板主体10的下表面设置1cm厚的耐水腻子封闭层。如图1所示，屋面板主体10的上下两条侧边为长边，左右两条侧边为短边，两条长边上设有主肋11，两条短边设有端肋12，在屋面板主体10中间还设有多根与端肋12平行设置的加强肋13，加强肋13的两端分别与轻钢外框焊接固定。优选地，主肋11为轻质混凝土肋，端肋12为轻质混凝土肋，加强肋13为角钢。可选的，多根加强肋13之间的间距相等，比如相邻两根加强肋13之间的间隔为屋面板主体10的长边的长度的1/4。对于加强肋13的数量而言，可以仅仅设置一根，还可以为其他数量，主要根据屋面板主体10的长度来进行选择设计。可选的，对于主肋11而言，如 图3所示，主肋11的上表面低于屋面板主体10的上表面，主肋11的下表面凸出屋面板主体10的下表面。如图2所示，端肋12的上表面低于屋面板主体10的上表面，端肋12的下表面与屋面板主体10的下表面相平。也就是说主肋11的高度要高于端肋12。
上述实施例1中的板缝防漏结构设置在屋面板的主肋11上，优选为采用胶黏剂粘接固定。
实施例3
请参阅图1至图6，本实施例提供的一种装配式屋面板系统，包括多个实施例2中的装配式屋面板1，由多个实施例2中的装配式屋面板1拼接而成。
以上所述，仅为本申请较佳的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，根据本申请的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种装配式屋面板的板缝防漏结构，其特征在于，包括：
    第一防漏层，所述第一防漏层包括两组柔性结构，相互抵接设置在屋面板的主肋与相邻屋面板的主肋对接的拼缝处；
    任一组柔性结构包括与主肋密封贴合的主体部和固设在所述主体部上的至少一个朝向拼缝处凸出延伸并可紧密抵接在另一组柔性结构上的凸部，两组柔性结构的凸部之间可围合成与外界密封隔离的气腔层，所述气腔层的气压高于外界的气压，以阻止拼缝外的液体渗入所述气腔层并进入到室内。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种装配式屋面板的板缝防漏结构，其特征在于，任一组柔性结构均具有至少两个上下间隔设置的凸部，任一组柔性结构的主体部和两个凸部之间围合成一个开口朝向另一个柔性结构的空腔区；
    两组柔性结构的凸部对应抵接设置，以使两个空腔区封闭形成所述气腔层。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种装配式屋面板的板缝防漏结构，其特征在于，所述柔性结构为低导热的发泡塑料。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的一种装配式屋面板的板缝防漏结构，其特征在于，所述凸部为内具有空腔部的凸泡。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的一种装配式屋面板的板缝防漏结构，其特征在于，所述主体部包括位于拼缝底端的垫设于所述主肋底端的垫部和由所述垫部向上延伸至拼缝内的延伸部，所述延伸部适于紧密贴设于主 肋上；
    所述凸部一体成型在所述垫部和/或所述延伸部朝向所述拼缝的侧面上。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种装配式屋面板的板缝防漏结构，其特征在于，所述延伸部的纵向截面的高度要小于拼缝的纵向截面的高度。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6任一项所述的一种装配式屋面板的板缝防漏结构，其特征在于，还包括填设于所述拼缝内且位于所述第一防漏层上方的第二防漏层。
  8. 一种装配式屋面板，其特征在于，包括：
    屋面板主体，由轻钢外框和位于轻钢外框内的混凝土结构层构成，所述混凝土结构层内设有多个平行和/或垂直相交的钢筋；
    主肋，设置在所述屋面板主体的两相对的长边上；
    端肋，设置在所述屋面板主体的两相对的短边上；
    至少一个加强肋，设置在所述混凝土结构层内，与所述端肋平行，所述加强肋的两端分别与所述轻钢外框焊接
    上述权利要求1-7任一项所述的板缝防漏结构。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的一种装配式屋面板，其特征在于，所述主肋的上表面低于所述屋面板主体，所述主肋的下表面凸出于所述屋面板主体的下表面；和/或
    所述端肋的上表面低于所述屋面板主体，所述端肋的下表面与所述屋面板主体的下表面相平。
  10. 一种装配式屋面板系统，其特征在于，包括多个上述权利要求8-9 任一项所述的装配式屋面板，多个所述装配屋面板拼接形成所述装配式屋面板系统。
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