WO2022071162A1 - 状態診断方法、状態診断装置、およびプログラム - Google Patents
状態診断方法、状態診断装置、およびプログラム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022071162A1 WO2022071162A1 PCT/JP2021/035203 JP2021035203W WO2022071162A1 WO 2022071162 A1 WO2022071162 A1 WO 2022071162A1 JP 2021035203 W JP2021035203 W JP 2021035203W WO 2022071162 A1 WO2022071162 A1 WO 2022071162A1
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- lubricant
- state
- relative permittivity
- grease
- frequency
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- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 claims description 102
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 21
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000036284 oxygen consumption Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000003323 beak Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SHBUUTHKGIVMJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxystearate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OO SHBUUTHKGIVMJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000601 blood cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940072106 hydroxystearate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000010365 information processing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
- G01N27/026—Dielectric impedance spectroscopy
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
- G01N27/22—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating capacitance
- G01N27/221—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating capacitance by investigating the dielectric properties
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
- G01N27/22—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating capacitance
- G01N27/228—Circuits therefor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/26—Oils; Viscous liquids; Paints; Inks
- G01N33/28—Oils, i.e. hydrocarbon liquids
- G01N33/2888—Lubricating oil characteristics, e.g. deterioration
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/26—Oils; Viscous liquids; Paints; Inks
- G01N33/28—Oils, i.e. hydrocarbon liquids
- G01N33/30—Oils, i.e. hydrocarbon liquids for lubricating properties
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a state diagnosis method, a state diagnosis device, and a program.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a method in which the analysis target is blood, the dielectric constant of blood is measured while changing the frequency, and the damage of blood cell cells is measured.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a method for evaluating a change in the composition of an extraction solvent based on the frequency characteristics of the relative permittivity and the relative permittivity loss rate.
- Examples of materials used in actual equipment include lubricants. Understanding the state of such a lubricant is also very useful in preventing damage to the device using the lubricant. On the other hand, it is difficult to take out an object such as a lubricant from the device in a non-destructive manner and observe it.
- the present invention has the following configurations. That is, it is a state diagnosis method.
- a derivation step for deriving a parameter indicating the electrical characteristics of the lubricant and a derivation step By applying the relative permittivity measured in the measurement step to the theoretical formula, a derivation step for deriving a parameter indicating the electrical characteristics of the lubricant and a derivation step. It has a diagnostic step of diagnosing the state of the lubricant using the parameters.
- another embodiment of the present invention has the following configuration. That is, it is a state diagnosis device.
- a derivation means for deriving a parameter indicating the electrical characteristics of the lubricant and a derivation means has a diagnostic means for diagnosing the state of the lubricant using the parameters.
- another embodiment of the present invention has the following configuration. That is, it is a program On the computer A measurement step of measuring the relative permittivity of the lubricant by applying a voltage to the lubricant while changing the frequency with an AC power supply. By applying the relative permittivity measured in the measurement step to the theoretical formula, a derivation step for deriving a parameter indicating the electrical characteristics of the lubricant and a derivation step. Using the parameters, a diagnostic step of diagnosing the state of the lubricant is performed.
- the conceptual diagram which shows the structure of the lubricant to be diagnosed and the AC power source which concerns on this invention.
- the schematic block diagram which shows the example of the apparatus configuration which concerns on this invention.
- the flowchart of the state diagnosis processing which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention.
- the figure for demonstrating the roll state of a thickener. The figure for demonstrating the relationship between the frequency and a parameter according to the fiber state of a thickener.
- the figure for demonstrating the relationship between the deterioration of a base oil and a specific dielectric loss rate The figure for demonstrating the relationship between the deterioration of grease and a parameter.
- the figure for demonstrating the relationship between the water content in a grease and a parameter The figure for demonstrating the relationship between the water content in grease and the average relative permittivity.
- the figure for demonstrating the relationship between the amount of iron powder in grease and the specific dielectric loss rate The figure for demonstrating the relationship between the amount of iron powder in grease and the specific dielectric loss rate.
- a lubricant used for lubricating a part will be described as an example as a diagnostic target.
- the lubricant here is a grease having a property of causing dielectric relaxation. More specifically, 12-OH stearate Li-based grease and the like can be targeted.
- Grease is generally composed of a base oil, a thickener, and an additive. The details will be described later, but the values of the parameters indicating the electrical characteristics will fluctuate depending on the composition and state of the grease.
- FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing a configuration of a lubricant (here, grease) and an AC power supply when evaluating (measuring) the electrical characteristics of the lubricant according to the present embodiment. Electric power is supplied to the grease 12 filled between the electrodes 11 by the AC power supply 10.
- the distance between the electrodes 11 here may be configured on the order of mm, for example.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an electrically equivalent electric circuit around the grease 12 shown in FIG.
- the electric circuit E has a configuration in which a capacitor C composed of grease 12 and a resistance R caused by an element around the capacitor C are connected in parallel. Further, the impedance of the electric circuit E is indicated by Z.
- the AC voltage V applied to the electric circuit E, the current I flowing through the electric circuit E, and the complex impedance Z of the entire electric circuit E are represented by the following equations (1) to (3).
- V
- I
- exp (j ⁇ )
- FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an example of an overall configuration of a system to which the state diagnosis method according to the present embodiment can be applied.
- FIG. 3 shows a state diagnosis device 30, a measuring device 31, and a material-containing material 32 containing grease 12, which is a diagnosis target, using the state diagnosis method according to the present embodiment.
- the configuration shown in FIG. 1 is an example, and different configurations may be used depending on the diagnosis target and the like.
- the measuring device 31 includes the AC power supply 10 shown in FIG. 1, and applies electric power to the grease 12 contained in the material content 32 at the time of diagnosis.
- the state diagnosis device 30 instructs the measuring device 31 as an input value of the electric power applied to the grease 12 as an AC voltage V having an angular frequency ⁇ of the AC power supply 10, and the measuring device 31 gives the grease 12 as an output (measured value) to the AC voltage V.
- (
- the state diagnosis device 30 may be realized by, for example, an information processing device including a control device, a storage device, and an output device (not shown).
- the control device may be composed of a CPU (Central Processing Unit), an MPU (Micro Processing Unit), a DSP (Digital Single Processor), a dedicated circuit, or the like.
- the storage device is composed of volatile and non-volatile storage media such as HDD (Hard Disk Drive), ROM (Read Only Memory) and RAM (Random Access Memory), and various information can be input and output according to instructions from the control device. It is possible.
- the output device is composed of a speaker, a light, a display device such as a liquid crystal display, or the like, and notifies the operator by an instruction from the control device.
- the output method by the output device is not particularly limited. Further, the output device may be a network interface having a communication function, and may perform an output operation by transmitting data to an external device (not shown) via a network (not shown).
- the form of the state diagnosis device 30 and the measurement device 31 is not particularly limited.
- the state diagnosis device 30 and the measuring device 31 may be connected by either wired or wireless. Further, the state diagnosis device 30 and the measuring device 31 may be integrated. Alternatively, the user may be responsible for input / output of data between the state diagnosis device 30 and the measuring device 31.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a tendency of a change in the relative permittivity and a relative dielectric loss rate according to a change in frequency.
- 12-OH stearate Li-based grease will be described as an example of the grease 12.
- the dielectric relaxation phenomenon is confirmed by sweeping the frequency and measuring the relative permittivity ⁇ r'and the relative permittivity ⁇ r " of the grease 12.
- FIG. 4A shows the horizontal axis indicates the frequency [Hz], and the vertical axis indicates the relative permittivity ⁇ r '.
- FIG. 4A shows the experimental values obtained from the grease 12. As shown in FIG. 4A, the relative permittivity ⁇ r'tends to decrease (monotonically decrease) as the frequency increases.
- FIG. 4 (b) shows the experimental values obtained from the grease 12.
- FIG. 4 (b) shows the experimental values obtained from the grease 12.
- the relative permittivity ⁇ r has a tendency to decrease once as the frequency increases, then increase, and then decrease again.
- the following seven parameters are derived as parameters indicating the electrical characteristics of the grease 12.
- ⁇ r0 Relative permittivity in the low frequency limit
- ⁇ r ⁇ Relative permittivity in the high frequency limit
- ⁇ r0 - ⁇ r ⁇ Relaxation strength
- ⁇ r' ⁇ Average relative permittivity
- ⁇ Relaxation time [s]
- ⁇ Constant indicating the distribution of relaxation time
- ⁇ 0 DC conductivity [S / m]
- FIG. 5 compares the curve obtained by fitting the Debye type theoretical formula with the value obtained by the experiment.
- the experimental values in FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b) are the same as those in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b), respectively.
- the relaxation times ⁇ (peak position) are the same.
- inconsistent results are shown for the other parameters.
- FIG. 6 compares the curve obtained by fitting the Core-Cole type theoretical formula with the value obtained by the experiment.
- the experimental values in FIGS. 6 (a) and 6 (b) are the same as those in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b), respectively.
- the theoretical formula can express the tendency of the experimental value by fitting.
- the relaxation time ⁇ (peak position) is the same, but as shown by the broken line, the tendency of the relative dielectric loss rate in the low frequency region is the theoretical value and the experimental value. Results that do not match are shown.
- FIG. 7 compares the curve obtained by fitting the improved Core-Cole theoretical formula with the value obtained by the experiment.
- the experimental values in FIGS. 7 (a) and 7 (b) are the same as those in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b), respectively.
- the theoretical formula can express the tendency of the experimental value by fitting as in the case of the Core-Cole type.
- the theoretical value can express the tendency of the experimental value by fitting the tendency of the relative dielectric loss rate in the low frequency region in addition to the relaxation time ⁇ (peak position).
- the parameters of the electrical characteristics of the grease 12 include the relative permittivity, relaxation strength, average relative permittivity, relaxation time, and relaxation time distribution in the low and high frequency limits. It is possible to derive the DC conductivity.
- FIG. 8 is a flowchart of the state diagnosis process according to the present embodiment. This process is executed by the state diagnosis device 30, for example, a control device (not shown) included in the state diagnosis device 30 reads a program for realizing the process according to the present embodiment from a storage device (not shown) and executes the process. It may be realized by doing.
- the state diagnosis device 30 controls the measuring device 31 to supply the power of the AC voltage V having an angular frequency ⁇ to the grease 12 by using the AC power supply 10 included in the measuring device 31. As a result, the AC voltage V having an angular frequency ⁇ is applied to the grease 12.
- the state diagnosis device 30 acquires the impedance
- the state diagnostic apparatus 30 has a relative permittivity corresponding to each frequency based on the information of the impedance
- the derivation method here, a known method may be used.
- the relative permittivity and the relative permittivity are derived by the measuring device 31, and the relative permittivity and the relative permittivity are output to the state diagnosis device 30 as measurement results together with the impedance
- the state diagnostic apparatus 30 applies the obtained measurement results to the theoretical formula as described above.
- the state diagnostic apparatus 30 performs fitting to the Core-Cole improved theoretical formulas represented by the formulas (9) to (11).
- the state diagnosis device 30 derives various parameters from the fitting result of S804. It is not necessary to derive all the above-mentioned seven parameters at the same time, and for example, only the necessary parameters may be derived according to the item to be diagnosed.
- the necessary parameters here may be arbitrarily set by the user performing the diagnosis. An example of the relationship between each parameter and the diagnostic item will be described later.
- the state diagnosis device 30 diagnoses the state of the grease 12 based on each parameter derived in S805.
- the content of the diagnosis is not particularly limited, but for example, a configuration may be used in which a threshold value is set for each parameter and normality or abnormality is diagnosed by comparison with the threshold value. Further, a plurality of threshold values may be set according to the urgency of the abnormality, and the urgency may be diagnosed by comparing with those threshold values.
- the state diagnosis device 30 notifies the user of the diagnosis result obtained in S806.
- the notification method here is not particularly limited, but may be configured such that, for example, parameters and items determined to be abnormal are displayed on the screen or notified by voice. Then, this processing flow is terminated.
- the horizontal axis indicates the frequency [Hz]
- the vertical axis indicates the relative permittivity ⁇ r '.
- the relative permittivity tends to decrease (monotonically decrease) as the frequency increases regardless of the amount of the thickener. This tendency is similar to that described with reference to FIG. 4 (a).
- the relative permittivity ⁇ r0 in the low frequency limit differs depending on the amount of the thickener.
- the degree of change in the relative permittivity with the change in frequency differs depending on the amount of the thickener.
- fluctuations in the amount of thickener have little effect on the relative permittivity.
- the horizontal axis indicates the frequency [Hz]
- the vertical axis indicates the relative dielectric loss rate ⁇ r ”.
- the relative dielectric loss rate increases in frequency. It has a tendency to decrease once, then to increase, and then decrease again. This tendency is the same as that described with reference to FIG. 4 (b).
- FIG. 10 summarizes the parameters derived from the values shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 10, it can be seen that various parameters fluctuate as the amount of the thickener fluctuates. That is, it can be understood that there is a correlation between the amount of the thickener and the parameter indicating the electrical characteristics. Therefore, by referring to the parameters derived in the present embodiment (particularly, the relative permittivity ⁇ r0 in the low frequency limit), it is possible to specify the change in the amount of the thickener.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining the relationship between the type of base oil, the amount of thickener, and the relaxation strength.
- the horizontal axis shows the amount of thickener (ratio in grease) [%]
- the vertical axis shows the relaxation strength ( ⁇ r0 ⁇ r ⁇ ).
- the types of base oil two types of mineral oils, Ester-based and ester-PAO-based are shown as examples.
- the relaxation strength increases as the amount of the thickener increases. Therefore, regardless of the type of base oil, the amount of thickener can be specified by referring to the relaxation strength.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining the fiber state of the thickener contained in the grease 12.
- a grease containing a thickener whose fiber structure was destroyed was produced by performing a roll treatment on the grease 12 under the following conditions.
- Base oil Mineral oil thickener: 12-OHStLi Roll pressure: 1 [MPa] Number of rolls: 5 times
- FIG. 12A shows an example of a state before the roll treatment and maintaining the fiber structure.
- FIG. 12B shows an example of a state after the roll treatment in which the fiber structure is broken. Further, in FIG. 12, the unit of the scale is ⁇ m.
- the fiber state here is an example, and is not limited to this.
- the horizontal axis indicates the frequency [Hz]
- the vertical axis indicates the relative permittivity ⁇ r '.
- the relative permittivity tends to decrease (monotonically decrease) as the frequency increases regardless of the fiber state of the thickener. This tendency is similar to that described with reference to FIG. 4 (a).
- the relative permittivity ⁇ r0 in the low frequency limit differs depending on the fiber state of the thickener.
- the degree of change in the relative permittivity with the change in frequency differs depending on the fiber state of the thickener.
- fluctuations in the amount of thickener have little effect on the relative permittivity.
- the horizontal axis indicates the frequency [Hz]
- the vertical axis indicates the relative dielectric loss rate ⁇ r ”.
- the relative dielectric loss rate increases in frequency. It has a tendency to increase once and then turn into a phenomenon. This tendency is the same as that described with reference to FIG. 4 (b).
- the difference due to the fiber state of the thickener is small.
- the constant ⁇ representing the distribution of relaxation time tends to decrease when the fiber structure is destroyed. ..
- FIG. 14 summarizes the parameters derived from the values shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 14, it can be seen that various parameters fluctuate as the fiber state of the thickener fluctuates. That is, it can be understood that there is a correlation between the fiber state of the thickener and the parameter indicating the electrical characteristics. Therefore, by referring to the parameters derived in the present embodiment (particularly, the relaxation time and the constant indicating the distribution of the relaxation time), the change in the fiber state of the thickener can be specified.
- FIGS. 15 to 17 are diagrams for explaining the relationship between the degree of deterioration (oxidative deterioration, that is, an increase in oxygen consumption) of the base oil constituting the grease 12 and the frequency.
- the horizontal axis indicates the frequency [Hz]
- the vertical axis indicates the relative permittivity ⁇ r '.
- the relative permittivity is substantially constant regardless of the change in frequency. Further, the relative permittivity shows a higher value as the oxygen consumption increases.
- the horizontal axis represents oxygen consumption [%]
- the vertical axis represents the average relative permittivity ⁇ r' ⁇ .
- the average relative permittivity increases as the oxygen consumption increases.
- the average relative permittivity increases as the polarity of the molecule in the base oil increases.
- the base oil is non-polar (for example, in a new state), but it becomes more polar due to oxidative deterioration. Therefore, the average relative permittivity increases due to oxidative deterioration of the base oil.
- the horizontal axis indicates the frequency [Hz], and the vertical axis indicates the relative dielectric loss rate ⁇ r ”.
- the lower frequency range as the oxygen consumption increases. Relative permittivity increases.
- the horizontal axis represents oxygen consumption [%]
- the vertical axis represents DC conductivity ⁇ 0 .
- the DC conductivity increases as the oxygen consumption increases.
- the degree of deterioration of the base oil can be specified by referring to the changes in various parameters (particularly, the average relative permittivity and the DC conductivity) derived in the present embodiment.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram for explaining the relationship between the relative permittivity and the relative permittivity loss rate and the frequency due to the deterioration of grease.
- the results of comparison between the new grease and the grease deteriorated by the oxidation stability tester are shown.
- the horizontal axis indicates the frequency [Hz]
- the vertical axis indicates the relative permittivity ⁇ r '.
- Both new grease and deteriorated grease tend to decrease the relative permittivity by increasing the frequency. This tendency is similar to that described with reference to FIG. 4 (a).
- the average relative permittivity was compared, the deteriorated grease had a higher value.
- the average relative permittivity of the new grease was 3.6
- the average relative permittivity of the deteriorated grease was 3.8.
- the horizontal axis represents the frequency [Hz] and the vertical axis represents the specific dielectric loss rate.
- the DC conductivity ⁇ 0 was compared, the deteriorated grease had a higher value.
- the DC conductivity of the new grease was 1.4, and the DC conductivity of the deteriorated grease was 42.
- the degree of deterioration of the grease 12 can be specified by referring to the changes in various parameters (particularly, the average relative permittivity and the DC conductivity) derived in the present embodiment.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram for explaining the relationship between the amount of water contained in the grease 12 and the relative permittivity ⁇ r'and the relative permittivity ⁇ r " .
- the horizontal axis represents the logarithm of the frequency [Hz], and the vertical axis represents the relative permittivity ⁇ r '.
- the relative permittivity ⁇ r'tends to show a substantially constant value depending on the amount of water, regardless of the change in frequency. Further, the larger the amount of water in the grease 12, the higher the relative permittivity ⁇ r'tends to be.
- the horizontal axis indicates the logarithm of the frequency [Hz], and the vertical axis indicates the relative permittivity ⁇ r ”.
- the amount of water in the grease 12 increases. Even in this case, there is no significant difference in the tendency of the relative dielectric loss rate to change. That is, the tendency of the relative dielectric loss rate ⁇ r ”when the frequency fluctuates is almost the same regardless of the water content.
- FIG. 19 is a diagram for explaining the relationship between the amount of water contained in the grease 12 and the average relative permittivity ⁇ r' ⁇ .
- the horizontal axis shows the water content [wt%] in the grease 12
- the vertical axis shows the average relative permittivity ⁇ r' ⁇ .
- the water content is completely miscible in the grease 12.
- the average relative permittivity ⁇ r' ⁇ tends to increase (monotonically increase) as the water content increases.
- FIG. 20 is a diagram for explaining the relationship between the amount of iron powder contained in the grease 12 and the relative dielectric loss rate ⁇ r ”.
- the change in DC conductivity due to other factors is on the scale of 10 to 100 times, while the increase in DC conductivity due to the inclusion (increase) of iron powder is a change of 106 or more.
- the detection is performed by paying attention to the change.
- the grease 12 contains 0 to 20% of water, and the measurement is performed in the range of voltage 1.0 V and frequency 30 Hz to 1 MHz. This will be explained based on an example.
- the horizontal axis represents the logarithm of the frequency [Hz], and the vertical axis represents the relative permittivity ⁇ r ”.
- the amount of iron powder (weight ratio to the grease) contained in the grease 12 is 0%.
- the DC conductivity ⁇ 0 is 2.0 ⁇ 10 -10 .
- parameters related to dielectric relaxation are derived as electrical characteristics for specifying the state of the lubricant (grease in this example).
- Each parameter can be used to identify the lubricant status, such as:
- each parameter and the state of the lubricant is an example, and is not limited to the above.
- the item of one state may be diagnosed from a plurality of parameters, or the item of a plurality of states may be diagnosed from one parameter.
- the state may be diagnosed after specifying the correlation between the parameter and the state according to the composition constituting the lubricant.
- the parameters indicating the electrical characteristics of the lubricant without destroying the diagnosis target. Then, the state of the lubricant can be easily diagnosed based on the parameters indicating the electrical characteristics.
- one or more programs or applications for realizing the functions of one or more embodiments described above are supplied to a system or device using a network or a storage medium, and the system or device is used in a computer. It can also be realized by the process of reading and executing the program by the processor of.
- circuit for example, ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) or FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) that realizes one or more functions.
- ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit
- FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array
- the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be modified or applied by those skilled in the art based on the mutual combination of the configurations of the embodiments, the description of the specification, and the well-known technique. It is also a matter of the present invention to do so, and it is included in the scope of seeking protection.
- a derivation step for deriving a parameter indicating the electrical characteristics of the lubricant and a diagnosis for diagnosing the state of the lubricant using the parameter By applying the relative permittivity measured in the measurement step to the theoretical formula, a derivation step for deriving a parameter indicating the electrical characteristics of the lubricant and a diagnosis for diagnosing the state of the lubricant using the parameter.
- a state diagnosis method characterized by having a step. According to this configuration, it is possible to easily diagnose the state of the lubricant without destroying the diagnosis target.
- the parameters include at least one of the relative permittivity at the low frequency limit, the relative permittivity at the high frequency limit, the relaxation strength, the average relative permittivity, the relaxation time, the distribution of relaxation time, and the DC conductivity.
- the state diagnosis method according to (1) According to this configuration, a plurality of parameters for diagnosing the state of the lubricant can be derived.
- the state of the grease is at least one of the amount of the thickener, the fiber state of the thickener, the degree of deterioration of the grease, the amount of water in the grease, and the amount of iron powder in the grease.
- the state diagnosis method according to (6) which comprises diagnosing. According to this configuration, it is possible to diagnose a plurality of states of grease.
- a derivation means for deriving a parameter indicating the electrical characteristics of the lubricant and a diagnosis for diagnosing the state of the lubricant using the parameter By applying the relative permittivity measured by the measuring means to the theoretical formula, a derivation means for deriving a parameter indicating the electrical characteristics of the lubricant and a diagnosis for diagnosing the state of the lubricant using the parameter.
- a condition diagnostic device comprising: means. According to this configuration, it is possible to easily diagnose the state of the lubricant without destroying the diagnosis target.
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Abstract
Description
潤滑剤に対して交流電源により周波数を変化させながら電圧を印加することで前記潤滑剤の比誘電率を測定する測定工程と、
前記測定工程にて測定された比誘電率を理論式に適用することで、前記潤滑剤の電気特性を示すパラメータを導出する導出工程と、
前記パラメータを用いて、前記潤滑剤の状態を診断する診断工程と
を有する。
潤滑剤に対して交流電源により周波数を変化させながら電圧を印加することで前記潤滑剤の比誘電率を測定する測定手段と、
前記測定手段にて測定された比誘電率を理論式に適用することで、前記潤滑剤の電気特性を示すパラメータを導出する導出手段と、
前記パラメータを用いて、前記潤滑剤の状態を診断する診断手段と
を有する。
コンピュータに、
潤滑剤に対して交流電源により周波数を変化させながら電圧を印加することで前記潤滑剤の比誘電率を測定する測定工程と、
前記測定工程にて測定された比誘電率を理論式に適用することで、前記潤滑剤の電気特性を示すパラメータを導出する導出工程と、
前記パラメータを用いて、前記潤滑剤の状態を診断する診断工程と
を実行させる。
本実施形態では、診断対象として、部品の潤滑に用いられる潤滑剤を例に挙げて説明する。ここでの潤滑剤は、誘電緩和が生じる特性を有するグリースとする。更に詳細には、12-OHステアリン酸Li系グリースなどを対象とすることができる。一般的にグリースは、基油、増ちょう剤、および添加剤を含んで構成される。詳細については後述するが、グリースの構成や状態に応じて、電気特性を示すパラメータの値は変動することとなる。
V=|V|exp(jωt) …(1)
I=|I|exp(jωt-jθ) …(2)
Z=V/I=|V/I|exp(jθ)=|Z|exp(jθ) …(3)
j:虚数
ω:電圧の角周波数
t:時間
θ:位相角(電圧と電流の位相のずれ)
図3は、本実施形態に係る状態診断方法を適用可能なシステムの全体構成の一例を示す概略構成図である。図3では、本実施形態に係る状態診断方法を用いる状態診断装置30、測定装置31、および診断対象であるグリース12を含む材料含有物32を示している。なお、図1に示す構成は一例であり、診断対象などに応じて異なる構成が用いられてよい。
図4は、周波数の変化に応じた比誘電率や比誘電損率の変化の傾向を説明するための図である。ここでは、上述したように、グリース12として12-OHステアリン酸Li系グリースを例に挙げて説明する。図3に示すような構成を用いて、周波数を掃引させてグリース12の比誘電率εr’および比誘電損率εr”を測定することで、誘電緩和現象を確認している。
εr0:低周波極限での比誘電率
εr∞:高周波極限での比誘電率
εr0-εr∞:緩和強度
εr’ ̄:平均比誘電率
τ:緩和時間[s]
β:緩和時間の分布を示す定数
σ0:直流導電率[S/m]
グリース12の誘電緩和現象に基づく電気特性は、図4にて示したような変化傾向を有する。この変化傾向を特定するために各種理論式へ当てはめ、各種パラメータを導出する。ここでは、3つの理論式を例に挙げて説明するが、これらに限定するものではない。例えば、上記の7つのパラメータそれぞれをより精度よく導出することが可能であれば、他の理論式を用いてもよい。なお、特に断りが無い限り、各理論式にて用いられている記号について同じ記号が示されている場合、同じものを示しているものとする。
Debye型の理論式への当てはめ(フィッティング)について説明する。Debye型の理論式は以下により示される。
Cole-Cole型の理論式への当てはめ(フィッティング)について説明する。Cole-Cole型の理論式は以下により示される。
f:周波数
ln:対数関数
Cole-Cole型をベースにしたCole-Cole改良型の理論式への当てはめ(フィッティング)について説明する。Cole-Cole改良型の理論式は以下により示される。なお、式(9)および式(11)はCole-Cole型にて示した式(6)および式(8)と同じであるものとする。
図8は、本実施形態に係る状態診断処理のフローチャートである。本処理は、状態診断装置30により実行され、例えば、状態診断装置30が備える制御装置(不図示)が本実施形態に係る処理を実現するためのプログラムを記憶装置(不図示)から読み出して実行することにより実現されてよい。
以下、上述した方法により導出した各種パラメータと、潤滑剤(ここではグリース12)の状態との関係について説明する。
図9および図10を用いて、グリース12における増ちょう剤の量とパラメータとの関係を説明する。ここでは、以下の組成におけるグリースの例を示す。また、3つの増ちょう剤の量(グリースにおける比率[%])を例に挙げて示す。
基油:エステル+鉱油
増ちょう剤:12OH(12-ヒドロキシステアリン酸リチウム:12-ОHStLi)(短繊維)
増ちょう剤の量:3%、7.5%、15%
エステル系、およびエステル・PAO系を例に挙げて示す。図11の直線にて示すように、基油の種類に関わらず、増ちょう剤の量が増加するに伴って緩和強度も増加する。したがって、基油の種類に関わらず、緩和強度を参照することで、増ちょう剤の量を特定することができる。
図12~図14を用いて、グリース12における増ちょう剤の繊維状態とパラメータとの関係を説明する。
基油:鉱油
増ちょう剤:12-OHStLi
ロール圧:1[MPa]
ロール回数:5回
図15~図17を用いて、グリース12の劣化(酸化劣化)とパラメータとの関係を説明する。図15および図16は、グリース12を構成する基油の劣化(酸化劣化、すなわち、酸素消費量の増加)の度合いと周波数との関係を説明するための図である。
図18、図19を用いて、グリース12内の水分量とパラメータの関係を説明する。図18は、グリース12に含まれる水分量と、比誘電率εr’および比誘電損率εr”との関係を説明するための図である。ここでは、グリース12内に0~10%の水分が含まれ、電圧1.0V、周波数30Hz~1MHzの範囲にて測定を行った例に基づいて説明する。
図20を用いて、グリース12内の鉄粉量とパラメータの関係を説明する。図20は、グリース12に含まれる鉄粉量と、比誘電損率εr”との関係を説明するための図である。グリース12内に鉄粉が含まれることにより、直流導電率σ0が極端に増加する。他の要因による直流伝導率の変化が10~100倍ほどのスケールであるのに対して、鉄粉の混入(増加)による直流伝導率の上昇は、106以上の変化を示す。ここでは、その変化に着目して検出を行う。ここでは、グリース12内に0~20%の水分が含まれ、電圧1.0V、周波数30Hz~1MHzの範囲にて測定を行った例に基づいて説明する。
本実施形態では、潤滑剤(本例では、グリース)の状態を特定するための電気特性として、誘電緩和に関するパラメータを導出した。各パラメータはそれぞれ、以下のような潤滑剤の状態を特定する際に利用可能である。
高周波極限での比誘電率(εr∞):基油の種類
緩和強度(εr0-εr∞):増ちょう剤の量
平均比誘電率(εr’ ̄):基油の劣化度合い、グリース内の水分量
緩和時間(τ):増ちょう剤の繊維状態、グリースの劣化度合い
緩和時間の分布を示す定数(β):増ちょう剤の繊維状態、グリースの劣化度合い
直流導電率(σ0):増ちょう剤の量、基油の劣化度合い、グリースの劣化度合い、添加剤量、グリース内の鉄粉量
また、本願発明において、上述した1以上の実施形態の機能を実現するためのプログラムやアプリケーションを、ネットワーク又は記憶媒体等を用いてシステム又は装置に供給し、そのシステム又は装置のコンピュータにおける1つ以上のプロセッサがプログラムを読出し実行する処理でも実現可能である。
(1) 潤滑剤に対して交流電源により周波数を変化させながら電圧を印加することで前記潤滑剤の比誘電率を測定する測定工程と、
前記測定工程にて測定された比誘電率を理論式に適用することで、前記潤滑剤の電気特性を示すパラメータを導出する導出工程と
前記パラメータを用いて、前記潤滑剤の状態を診断する診断工程と
を有することを特徴とする状態診断方法。
この構成によれば、診断対象を破壊することなく、潤滑剤の状態を容易に診断することが可能となる。
この構成によれば、潤滑剤の状態を診断するための複数のパラメータを導出することができる。
この構成によれば、より精度の高い比誘電率および比誘電損率の理論値を導出することができる。
この構成によれば、バルク状態における潤滑剤の状態を診断することが可能となる。
この構成によれば、潤滑油を診断対象として扱うことが可能となる。
この構成によれば、グリースを診断対象として扱うことが可能となる。
この構成によれば、グリースの複数の状態を診断することが可能である。
前記測定手段にて測定された比誘電率を理論式に適用することで、前記潤滑剤の電気特性を示すパラメータを導出する導出手段と
前記パラメータを用いて、前記潤滑剤の状態を診断する診断手段と
を有することを特徴とする状態診断装置。
この構成によれば、診断対象を破壊することなく、潤滑剤の状態を容易に診断することが可能となる。
潤滑剤に対して交流電源により周波数を変化させながら電圧を印加することで前記潤滑剤の比誘電率を測定する測定工程と、
前記測定工程にて測定された比誘電率を理論式に適用することで、前記潤滑剤の電気特性を示すパラメータを導出する導出工程と
前記パラメータを用いて、前記潤滑剤の状態を診断する診断工程と
を実行させるためのプログラム。
この構成によれば、診断対象を破壊することなく、潤滑剤の状態を容易に診断することが可能となる。
11…電極
12…グリース
30…状態診断装置
31…測定装置
32…材料含有物
Claims (9)
- 潤滑剤に対して交流電源により周波数を変化させながら電圧を印加することで前記潤滑剤の比誘電率を測定する測定工程と、
前記測定工程にて測定された比誘電率を理論式に適用することで、前記潤滑剤の電気特性を示すパラメータを導出する導出工程と、
前記パラメータを用いて、前記潤滑剤の状態を診断する診断工程と
を有することを特徴とする状態診断方法。 - 前記パラメータは、低周波極限での比誘電率、高周波極限での比誘電率、緩和強度、平均比誘電率、緩和時間、緩和時間の分布、および直流導電率の少なくともいずれかを含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の状態診断方法。
- 前記潤滑剤は、バルク状態であることを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の状態診断方法。
- 前記潤滑剤は、潤滑油であることを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の状態診断方法。
- 前記潤滑剤は、グリースであることを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の状態診断方法。
- 前記診断工程において、前記グリースの状態として、増ちょう剤の量、増ちょう剤の繊維状態、グリースの劣化度合い、グリース内の水分量、およびグリース内の鉄粉量の少なくともいずれかを診断することを特徴とする請求項6に記載の状態診断方法。
- 潤滑剤に対して交流電源により周波数を変化させながら電圧を印加することで前記潤滑剤の比誘電率を測定する測定手段と、
前記測定手段にて測定された比誘電率を理論式に適用することで、前記潤滑剤の電気特性を示すパラメータを導出する導出手段と、
前記パラメータを用いて、前記潤滑剤の状態を診断する診断手段と
を有することを特徴とする状態診断装置。 - コンピュータに、
潤滑剤に対して交流電源により周波数を変化させながら電圧を印加することで前記潤滑剤の比誘電率を測定する測定工程と、
前記測定工程にて測定された比誘電率を理論式に適用することで、前記潤滑剤の電気特性を示すパラメータを導出する導出工程と、
前記パラメータを用いて、前記潤滑剤の状態を診断する診断工程と
を実行させるためのプログラム。
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