WO2022065318A1 - 画像処理装置、画像処理方法、及び画像処理プログラム - Google Patents
画像処理装置、画像処理方法、及び画像処理プログラム Download PDFInfo
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Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to an image processing device, an image processing method, and an image processing program.
- a contrast image is taken in which a low-energy image and a high-energy image are taken by radiating radiation of different energies to a subject injected with a contrast agent, and a difference image showing the difference between the high-energy image and the low-energy image is obtained.
- the technology to generate is known.
- a technique for performing energy sub-movie photography is known in angiography.
- the difference image showing the difference between the high-energy image and the low-energy image is an image in which the contrast medium is clearly shown, with the lesions infiltrated by the contrast medium and the body tissue other than the region of interest removed.
- the contrast medium penetrates into normal body tissue that is not a lesion, although the amount is relatively small as compared with the lesion.
- the contrast agent penetrates mainly into the mass, but the contrast medium also penetrates into normal mammary gland structures and adipose tissue, albeit in a relatively small amount. Therefore, in the difference image between the high energy image and the low energy image, it may be difficult to see the region of interest.
- the present disclosure has been made in consideration of the above circumstances, and provides an image processing device, an image processing method, and an image processing program capable of making it easier to see an area of interest in which a contrast medium has penetrated in a radiographic image.
- the image processing apparatus of the first aspect of the present disclosure comprises at least one processor, wherein the subject in which the contrast agent is injected is irradiated with the radiation of the first energy to be imaged by the radiographic imaging apparatus.
- a low-energy image and a plurality of high-energy images taken by a radiation imaging device by irradiating radiation with a second energy higher than the first energy at a plurality of different imaging timings after injection of the contrast agent. Is obtained, and a second difference image showing the difference between the plurality of first difference images showing the difference between the low energy image and each of the plurality of high energy images is generated to correspond to the contrast agent penetrating outside the region of interest. Remove the pixel value.
- the processor specifies a coefficient that minimizes the sum of the pixel values of the second difference image, and a plurality of first difference images.
- a second difference image is generated by subtracting the image data obtained by multiplying one of the first difference images of each other by a coefficient from the image-data of the other first difference image for each corresponding pixel. ..
- the processor identifies a plurality of coefficients that minimize the sum of the pixel values outside the region of interest in the second difference image.
- the second difference is obtained by subtracting the image data obtained by multiplying the first difference image of one of the first difference images by a coefficient from the image-data of the other first difference image for each corresponding pixel. Generate an image.
- the image processing device is the image processing device according to any one of the first to third aspects, and the processor adjusts the contrasts of the plurality of first difference images before the first. 2 Generate a difference image.
- the processor matches the contrast of at least one of the mammary gland structure and the region other than the region of interest in the first difference image.
- the image processing apparatus is the image processing apparatus according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, wherein the processor transfers the second difference image at intervals between a plurality of shooting timings. Normalize based on.
- the image processing apparatus is the image processing apparatus according to any one of the first to sixth aspects, in which the processor emphasizes the region of interest with respect to the second difference image. Perform image processing.
- the image processing apparatus is the image processing apparatus according to any one of the first to seventh aspects, wherein the processor is a low-energy image and the shooting timing of each of the plurality of high-energy images.
- a first difference image showing the difference between each of the plurality of low energy images and each of the plurality of high energy images by acquiring a plurality of low energy images taken by a radiation image capturing device by irradiating the first energy with. Is generated for each shooting timing.
- the image processing apparatus is the image processing apparatus according to any one of the first to seventh aspects, in which the processor uses the low-energy image as the imaging timing of each of the plurality of high-energy images.
- a third difference image showing the difference between a plurality of high-energy images and a difference between a plurality of low-energy images are acquired by irradiating the first energy with
- a second difference image is generated by generating a fourth difference image showing the difference between the third difference image and the fourth difference image.
- the image processing apparatus is the image processing apparatus according to any one of the first to seventh aspects, wherein the processor uses a common low-energy image and a plurality of first difference images. To generate.
- the image processing method includes a low-energy image obtained by irradiating a subject in a state in which a contrast agent is injected with radiation of the first energy and having a radiation imaging apparatus capture the image, and a contrast agent.
- a plurality of high-energy images taken by a radiographic imaging apparatus by irradiating radiation with a second energy higher than the first energy at a plurality of different timings after the injection of the above are obtained, and a low-energy image and a plurality of images are obtained.
- the image processing program includes a low-energy image obtained by irradiating a subject in a state in which a contrast agent is injected with radiation of the first energy and having a radiation image capturing apparatus capture the image, and a contrast agent.
- a plurality of high-energy images taken by a radioimaging apparatus by irradiating radiation with a second energy higher than the first energy at a plurality of different timings after the injection of the above are obtained, and a low-energy image and a plurality of images are obtained.
- the purpose is to cause a computer to execute a process of generating a second difference image.
- FIG. 1 shows a configuration diagram showing an example of the overall configuration of the radiographic imaging system 1 of the present embodiment.
- the radiographic imaging system 1 of the present embodiment includes a mammography apparatus 10 and a console 12.
- the mammography apparatus 10 of the present embodiment is an example of the radiographic imaging apparatus of the present disclosure.
- the console 12 of the present embodiment is an example of the image processing apparatus of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 2 shows a side view showing an example of the appearance of the mammography apparatus 10 of the present embodiment. Note that FIG. 2 shows an example of the appearance when the mammography apparatus 10 is viewed from the right side of the subject.
- the mammography apparatus 10 of the present embodiment is an apparatus that takes a subject's breast as a subject, irradiates the breast with radiation R (for example, X-ray), and captures a radiographic image of the breast.
- the mammography apparatus 10 is used not only when the subject is standing up (standing position) but also when the subject is sitting on a chair (including a wheelchair) or the like (sitting state). It may be a device for imaging a breast.
- the mammography apparatus 10 of the present embodiment has a function of performing two types of imaging, so-called contrast imaging in which a contrast medium is injected into the breast of a subject, and general imaging.
- contrast imaging imaging performed with a contrast medium injected into the breast of the subject
- general imaging imaging other than contrast imaging
- the mammography apparatus 10 of the present embodiment includes a control unit 20, a storage unit 22, and an I / F (Interface) unit 24 inside the photographing table 30.
- the control unit 20 controls the overall operation of the mammography apparatus 10 according to the control of the console 12.
- the control unit 20 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a ROM (ReadOnlyMemory), and a RAM (RandomAccessMemory), all of which are not shown.
- Various programs including an imaging processing program for controlling the imaging of a radiographic image, which is executed by the CPU, are stored in the ROM in advance.
- the RAM temporarily stores various data.
- the storage unit 22 stores image data of a radiation image taken by the radiation detector 28, various other information, and the like. Specific examples of the storage unit 22 include HDD (Hard Disk Drive) and SSD (Solid State Drive).
- the I / F unit 24 communicates various information with the console 12 by wireless communication or wired communication.
- the image data of the radiation image taken by the radiation detector 28 by the mammography device 10 is transmitted to the console 12 via the I / F unit 24 by wireless communication or wired communication.
- the operation unit 26 is provided as a plurality of switches on, for example, the imaging table 30 of the mammography apparatus 10.
- the operation unit 26 may be provided as a touch panel type switch, or may be provided as a foot switch operated by a user such as a doctor or a technician with his / her foot.
- the radiation detector 28 detects the radiation R that has passed through the breast, which is the subject. As shown in FIG. 2, the radiation detector 28 is arranged inside the photographing table 30. In the mammography apparatus 10 of the present embodiment, when performing imaging, the breast of the subject is positioned by the user on the imaging surface 30A of the imaging table 30.
- the radiation detector 28 detects the radiation R transmitted through the subject's breast and the imaging table 30, generates a radiation image based on the detected radiation R, and outputs image data representing the generated radiation image.
- the type of the radiation detector 28 of the present embodiment is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, an indirect conversion type radiation detector that converts radiation R into light and converts the converted light into charge, or radiation.
- a radiation detector of a direct conversion method that directly converts R into a charge may be used.
- the radiation irradiation unit 37 includes a radiation source 37R. As shown in FIG. 2, the radiation irradiation unit 37 is provided on the arm unit 32 together with the photographing table 30 and the compression unit 36. As shown in FIG. 2, the face guard 38 is removable at a position close to the subject in the arm portion 32 below the irradiation portion 37. The face guard 38 is a protective member for protecting the subject from the radiation R emitted from the radiation source 37R.
- the mammography apparatus 10 of the present embodiment includes an arm portion 32, a base 34, and a shaft portion 35.
- the arm portion 32 is movably held in the vertical direction (Z-axis direction) by the base 34.
- the shaft portion 35 connects the arm portion 32 to the base 34. Further, the arm portion 32 is rotatable relative to the base 34 with the shaft portion 35 as the rotation axis.
- the arm portion 32, the photographing table 30, and the compression unit 36 can rotate separately with respect to the base 34 with the shaft portion 35 as the rotation axis.
- an engaging portion (not shown) is provided on each of the base 34, the arm portion 32, the photographing table 30, and the compression unit 36, and by switching the state of the engaging portion, the arm portion 32 and the imaging unit are photographed.
- Each of the base 30 and the compression unit 36 is connected to the base 34.
- One or both of the arm portion 32, the photographing table 30, and the compression unit 36 connected to the shaft portion 35 rotate integrally around the shaft portion 35.
- the compression unit 36 is provided with a compression plate drive unit (not shown) that moves the compression plate 40 in the vertical direction (Z-axis direction).
- the compression plate 40 of the present embodiment has a function of compressing the breast of the subject.
- the support portion 46 of the compression plate 40 is detachably attached to the compression plate drive portion, moves in the vertical direction (Z-axis direction) by the compression plate drive portion, and presses the subject's breast with the imaging table 30. do.
- the console 12 of the present embodiment is performed by the user by the operation unit 56 and the like, and the shooting order and various information acquired from the RIS (Radiology Information System) 2 and the like via the wireless communication LAN (Local Area Network) and the like. It has a function of controlling the mammography apparatus 10 by using instructions and the like.
- RIS Radiology Information System
- LAN Local Area Network
- the console 12 of this embodiment is, for example, a server computer. As shown in FIG. 3, the console 12 includes a control unit 50, a storage unit 52, an I / F unit 54, an operation unit 56, and a display unit 58.
- the control unit 50, the storage unit 52, the I / F unit 54, the operation unit 56, and the display unit 58 are connected to each other via a bus 59 such as a system bus or a control bus so that various information can be exchanged.
- the control unit 50 of this embodiment controls the entire operation of the console 12.
- the control unit 50 includes a CPU 50A, a ROM 50B, and a RAM 50C.
- Various programs including the irradiation control processing program 51A and the image processing program 51B, which will be described later, executed by the CPU 50A are stored in the ROM 50B in advance.
- the RAM 50C temporarily stores various data.
- the CPU 50A of the present embodiment is an example of the processor of the present disclosure.
- the image processing program 51B of the present embodiment is an example of the image processing program of the present disclosure.
- the storage unit 52 stores image data of a radiographic image taken by the mammography apparatus 10, various other information, and the like. Specific examples of the storage unit 52 include HDDs and SSDs.
- the operation unit 56 is used for the user to input instructions and various information related to taking a radiation image including an irradiation instruction of radiation R.
- the operation unit 56 is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include various switches, a touch panel, a stylus, and a mouse.
- the display unit 58 displays various information.
- the operation unit 56 and the display unit 58 may be integrated into a touch panel display.
- the I / F unit 54 communicates various information with the mammography device 10 and the RIS2 by wireless communication or wired communication.
- the console 12 of the present embodiment receives the image data of the radiographic image taken by the mammography apparatus 10 from the mammography apparatus 10 by wireless communication or wired communication via the I / F unit 54.
- FIG. 4 shows a functional block diagram of an example of the configuration of the console 12 of the present embodiment.
- the console 12 includes a control unit 60.
- the CPU 50A of the control unit 50 functions as the control unit 60 by executing the irradiation control processing program 51A stored in the ROM 50B.
- the control unit 60 has a function of controlling the irradiation of radiation R in the mammography apparatus 10 in contrast imaging.
- a radiation image is taken by irradiating the breast in which the contrast medium is injected with radiation of the first energy from the radiation source 37R. Further, the breast in which the contrast medium is injected is irradiated with radiation of a second energy higher than the first energy from the radiation source 37R, and a radiation image is taken.
- the radiation image taken by irradiating the radiation R of the first energy is referred to as a "low energy image”
- the radiation image taken by irradiating the radiation R of the second energy is "". High energy image ".
- the images taken by the mammography apparatus 10 are generically referred to without distinguishing between the types of low-energy images and high-energy images, they are simply referred to as "radiation images”.
- an iodine contrast medium having a k-absorption end of 32 keV is generally used as a contrast medium used for contrast imaging.
- a low-energy image is captured by irradiating the radiation R with a first energy lower than the k-edge of the iodine contrast medium.
- a high-energy image is taken by irradiating the radiation R with a second energy higher than the k-edge of the iodine contrast medium.
- control unit 60 of the present embodiment controls to irradiate the radiation R of the first energy from the radiation source 37R and to irradiate the radiation R of the second energy in the contrast imaging.
- control unit 60 controls the mammography apparatus 10 to capture a low-energy image and controls to capture a high-energy image.
- the contrast medium is clearly shown in the high-energy image taken as described above.
- the low-energy image hardly shows the contrast medium, and the body tissue such as the mammary gland is clearly shown. Therefore, the difference image showing the difference between the low energy image and the high energy image can be an image in which the mammary gland structure is removed and the contrast medium is clearly shown. The amount of contrast with the contrast agent appears in the pixel value of the difference image.
- the imaging of a low-energy image and a high-energy image is regarded as a set of differential images, and the differential images are captured at a plurality of different imaging timings.
- a low-energy image 70L (see FIGS. 5, 70L 1 ) and a high-energy image 70H (see FIGS. 5, 70H 1 ) are captured at the first imaging timing.
- a low energy image 70L (see FIGS. 5 and 70L 2 ) and a high energy image 70H (see FIGS. 5 and 70H 2 ) are captured at the second imaging timing after a predetermined time has elapsed from the first imaging timing.
- the predetermined time from the first shooting timing to the second shooting timing is not limited.
- the predetermined time may be set according to the contrast condition, for example, in consideration of the type of the object of interest, or may be set according to the thickness, composition, etc. of the breast as the subject. good.
- the console 12 of the present embodiment includes an acquisition unit 62, a generation unit 63, and a display control unit 68.
- the CPU 50A of the control unit 50 executes the image processing program 51B stored in the ROM 50B, so that the CPU 50A functions as the acquisition unit 62, the generation unit 63, and the display control unit 68. do.
- the acquisition unit 62 has a function of acquiring a low-energy image and a high-energy image taken by the mammography apparatus 10. Specifically, image data representing a low-energy image taken by the radiation detector 28 of the mammography apparatus 10 and image data representing a high-energy image are acquired via the I / F unit 24 and the I / F unit 54. .. The acquisition unit 62 outputs the acquired low-energy image and high-energy image to the generation unit 63.
- the generation unit 63 generates a second difference image showing the difference between the plurality of difference images showing the difference between the low energy image and each of the plurality of high energy images, and the pixel corresponding to the contrast agent penetrating the region other than the region of interest. It has a function to remove the value.
- the generation unit 63 of the present embodiment includes the first generation unit 64 and the second generation unit 66.
- the first generation unit 64 has a function of generating a plurality of difference images showing the difference between the low energy image taken at each shooting timing and each of the plurality of high energy images.
- the difference image showing the difference between the high energy image and the low energy image is referred to as a first difference image.
- the difference image generated by the first generation unit 64 of the present embodiment is the first difference image, which is an example of the first difference image of the present disclosure.
- the first generation unit 64 outputs a plurality of generated first difference images to the second generation unit 66.
- the first difference image is generated by deriving the difference between the low energy image and each high energy image.
- the first generation unit 64 generates the first difference image 721 between the low energy image 70L 1 and the high energy image 70H 1 taken at the first shooting timing. Specifically, the first generation unit 64 multiplies the low-energy image 70L 1 by a predetermined coefficient to obtain image data, and the high-energy image 70H 1 is multiplied by a predetermined coefficient to obtain image data. By subtracting from each corresponding pixel from, the mammary gland tissue is removed, and image data representing the first difference image in which the contrast agent is emphasized is generated. Similarly, the first generation unit 64 generates the first difference image 722 between the low energy image 70L 2 and the high energy image 70H 2 taken at the second shooting timing.
- the second generation unit 66 has a function of generating a difference image showing the difference between a plurality of first difference images generated by the first generation unit 64.
- the difference image showing the difference between the first difference images will be referred to as the second difference image.
- the difference image generated by the second generation unit 66 of the present embodiment is the second difference image, which is an example of the second difference image of the present disclosure.
- the second generation unit 66 outputs the generated second difference image to the display control unit 68.
- a second difference image showing the difference between the image and the image is generated.
- the second generation unit 66 includes the first difference image 72 2 generated according to the second shooting timing and the first difference image 72 1 generated according to the first shooting timing.
- a second difference image 74 showing the difference between the above is generated.
- the second difference image (second difference image 74 in FIG. 5) generated by the second generation unit 66 will be described with reference to FIG. In other words, the second difference image generated by the generation unit 63 and output to the display control unit 68 will be described.
- Graph 80 showing the correspondence between the time and the amount of contrast in FIG. 6, lesions such as tumors are more easily penetrated by the contrast medium than normal mammary glands (see “normal” in Graph 80), and the lesions are The more malignant (see “Malignant” in Graph 80), the faster the contrast agent penetrates and the faster the contrast agent washs out, as compared to the case of benign (see “Benefit” in Graph 80). .. Further, as shown in Graph 80, the contrast medium also penetrates into fat (see “fat” in Graph 80), although the amount is smaller than that of lesions and mammary glands.
- the first difference image showing the difference between the high-energy image and the low-energy image may be an image showing a contrast medium that has penetrated into fat or the mammary gland structure.
- the first difference image 721 obtained by the first imaging timing includes both the normal region 92 1 corresponding to the normal mammary gland and the region of interest 94 1 in the breast 901.
- the contrast agent is reflected.
- the contrast medium is shown in both the normal region 92 2 and the region of interest 942 2 corresponding to the normal mammary gland in the breast 902. ..
- the contrast amount of the normal region 922 in the first difference image 722 is larger than the contrast amount of the normal region 921 in the first difference image 721. Further, the amount of contrast of the region of interest 942 in the first difference image 722 is larger than the amount of contrast of the region of interest 941 in the first difference image 721 . Further, the amount of change from the contrast amount of the region of interest 941 to the contrast amount of the region of interest 942 is larger than the amount of change from the contrast amount of the normal region 921 to the contrast amount of the normal region 922 .
- the second difference image 74 shows the difference between the first difference image 72 2 obtained by the second shooting timing and the first difference image 72 1 obtained by the first shooting timing.
- the image 74 can be an image in which the contrast agent that has penetrated into the normal breast structure or the like outside the area of interest is not shown.
- the pixel value of the normal region 92 1 of the first difference image 72 1 is set to “30”
- the pixel value of the region of interest 94 1 is set to “32”
- the normal region of the first difference image 7 22 2 is normal.
- the pixel value of the region 922 is "60”
- the pixel value of the region of interest 942 is "68".
- the second difference image 74 it is generated by subtracting the image data obtained by multiplying the first difference image 721 by " 2 " as a predetermined removal coefficient from the image data of the first difference image 722 for each corresponding pixel.
- the pixel value of the normal region 923 is “0” and the pixel value of the interest region 943 is “ 4 ”.
- the second difference image 74 can be an image in which the contrast amount in the normal region 923 is not captured.
- the second generation unit 66 generates the second difference image 74 showing the difference between the first difference image 72 2 and the first difference image 72 1 , thereby producing the second difference image 74. It is possible to obtain an image in which the pixel value corresponding to the contrast agent that has penetrated into the area other than the region of interest is removed. It should be noted that the removal of the image according to the contrast medium is not limited to the case of completely removing the image, and includes, for example, the case where a slight amount of the image remains.
- the display control unit 68 has a function of displaying the second difference image generated by the generation unit 63 on the display unit 58.
- FIG. 7 shows a flowchart showing an example of the flow of contrast imaging by the radiation imaging system 1 of the present embodiment.
- the user injects a contrast medium into the breast as a subject.
- the user positions the subject's breast on the imaging table 30 of the mammography apparatus 10, and presses the breast with the compression plate 40.
- the mammography apparatus 10 takes a radiographic image, specifically, a low-energy image and a high-energy image.
- the control unit 60 of the console 12 controls the irradiation of the radiation R in the mammography apparatus 10.
- the console 12 of the present embodiment executes the irradiation control process shown in FIG. 8 by the CPU 50A of the control unit 50 executing the irradiation control process program 51A stored in the ROM 50B.
- FIG. 8 shows a flowchart showing an example of the flow of the irradiation control process executed in the console 12 of the present embodiment.
- step S100 of FIG. 8 the control unit 60 determines whether or not the irradiation instruction of the radiation R has been received.
- the determination in step S100 is a negative determination until the irradiation instruction is received.
- the determination in step S100 becomes an affirmative determination, and the process proceeds to step S102.
- step S102 the control unit 60 outputs an instruction for irradiating the radiation R of the first energy to the mammography apparatus 10.
- the control unit 20 irradiates the breast with the radiation R of the first energy from the radiation source 37R based on the instruction input from the console 12, and the radiation detector 28 captures a low energy image.
- a low energy image 70L 1 is captured.
- the control unit 60 outputs an instruction for irradiating the radiation R of the second energy to the mammography apparatus 10.
- the control unit 20 irradiates the breast with the radiation R of the second energy from the radiation source 37R based on the instruction input from the console 12, and the radiation detector 28 captures a high energy image.
- a high energy image 70H 1 is captured.
- step S106 the control unit 60 determines whether or not the second shooting timing has been reached.
- the determination in step S106 is a negative determination until the second shooting timing is reached.
- the determination in step S106 becomes an affirmative determination, and the process proceeds to step S108.
- step S108 the control unit 60 outputs an instruction for irradiating the radiation R of the first energy to the mammography apparatus 10 in the same manner as in step S102.
- the mammography apparatus 10 captures a low-energy image in response to an instruction input from the console 12. In the example shown in FIG. 5, a low energy image 70L 2 is captured.
- step S110 the control unit 60 outputs an instruction for irradiating the radiation R of the second energy to the mammography apparatus 10 as in the step S104.
- the mammography apparatus 10 captures a high-energy image in response to an instruction input from the console 12. In the example shown in FIG. 5, a high energy image 70H 2 is captured.
- step S110 the irradiation control process shown in FIG. 8 is completed.
- control unit 60 may notify the user that the contrast imaging has been completed.
- the compression of the breast is released in the next step S18.
- the control unit 60 outputs an instruction to the mammography apparatus 10 to move the compression plate 40 away from the photographing table 30.
- the control unit 50 moves the compression plate 40 away from the photographing table 30 based on the input instruction. This releases the pressure on the breast.
- the compression of the breast may be released according to the instruction of the user, or may be automatically performed according to the end of the contrast imaging.
- step S18 the difference image generation display process shown in FIG. 9 is performed by the console 12.
- the console 12 of the present embodiment executes the difference image generation display processing shown in FIG. 9 by the CPU 50A of the control unit 50 executing the image processing program 51B stored in the ROM 50B.
- FIG. 9 shows a flowchart showing an example of the flow of the difference image generation display processing executed in the console 12 of the present embodiment.
- step S200 the acquisition unit 62 acquires a low-energy image and a high-energy image taken by contrast imaging from the mammography apparatus 10 as described above.
- the timing at which the acquisition unit 62 acquires the low-energy image and the high-energy image is not limited. For example, each time a low-energy image and a high-energy image are taken, a low-energy image and a high-energy image may be acquired from the mammography apparatus 10. Further, for example, after all the low-energy images and high-energy images have been taken, the low-energy images and high-energy images stored in the storage unit 22 of the mammography apparatus 10 may be acquired. Further, the order of acquiring low-energy images and high-energy images is not limited. In the example shown in FIG. 5, the first acquisition unit 62 acquires the low-energy images 70L 1 , 70L 2 , and the high-energy images 70H 1 , 70H 2 .
- the first generation unit 64 of the generation unit 63 generates the first difference image for each shooting timing from the low energy image and the high energy image acquired in the step S200 as described above.
- the first generation unit 64 generates the first difference image 721 showing the difference between the high energy image 70H 1 and the low energy image 70L 1 .
- the first generation unit 64 generates a first difference image 722 showing the difference between the high energy image 70H 2 and the low energy image 70L 2 .
- the second generation unit 66 of the generation unit 63 identifies the region of interest from the first difference image generated in the step S202.
- the second generation unit 66 identifies the region of interest from each of the first difference image 721 and the first difference image 722.
- the method by which the second generation unit 66 identifies the region of interest from the first difference image is not particularly limited.
- the region of interest may be specified from the first difference image by accepting information about the region of interest input by the user.
- the display unit 58 displays at least one image of the first difference image, the low energy image, and the high energy image, and the user operates the operation unit 56 with respect to the displayed image.
- the specified area may be accepted as information about the area of interest.
- the second generation unit 66 may specify the region of interest by applying CAD (Computer Aided Diagnosis) to the first difference image.
- CAD Computer Aided Diagnosis
- the second generation unit 66 specifies the removal coefficient described above. As described above, the second generation unit 66 obtains the image data obtained by multiplying the first difference image obtained by the second shooting timing by a predetermined removal coefficient, and obtains the image data obtained by the first shooting timing. A second difference image is generated by subtracting each corresponding pixel from the image data of the difference image.
- the second generation unit 66 of the present embodiment specifies the removal coefficient based on the first difference image generated in the step S202.
- the method for specifying the removal coefficient by the second generation unit 66 is not limited, but it is preferable to specify the removal coefficient that can be more removed by the contrast medium that has penetrated into the mammary gland structure or the normal region. In the example shown in FIG. 6, as described above, the second generation unit 66 specifies “2” as the removal coefficient.
- the second generation unit 66 may perform the type of region of interest or the amount of mammary gland in the breast. It suffices to specify a predetermined removal coefficient according to the above.
- the second generation unit 66 may specify a removal coefficient that minimizes the total sum of the pixel values of the generated second difference image. Further, for example, the second generation unit 66 may specify a removal coefficient that minimizes the sum of the pixel values outside the region of interest in the generated second difference image.
- the second generation unit 66 In the next step S208, the second generation unit 66 generates a second difference image showing the difference between the first difference images generated in the step S202 by using the removal coefficient specified in the step 206 as described above. do. In the example shown in FIG. 5, the second generation unit 66 generates the second difference image 74 showing the difference between the first difference image 72 1 and the first difference image 72 2 .
- the second generation unit 66 uses the contrast between the first difference images, particularly the region other than the breast structure and the region of interest in the first difference image, instead of specifying the removal coefficient as described above.
- the second difference image may be generated after matching the contrasts of at least one of the above.
- the second generation unit 66 applies a low-pass filter or the like to the first difference image to remove the high frequency component, and then makes the first low frequency component.
- a second difference image may be generated from the difference image.
- the second generation unit 66 normalizes the second difference image at the interval between the first imaging timing and the second imaging timing in order to remove the influence of the interval between the first imaging timing and the second imaging timing. May be good.
- the second generation unit 66 performs an enhancement process for emphasizing the region of interest in the second difference image generated in the second step S208.
- the contrast amount (pixel value) in the region of interest is smaller than that in the first difference image obtained by the second shooting timing.
- the pixel value of the area of interest 942 in the first difference image 722 obtained by the second shooting timing is “68”, but the pixel value of the area of interest 943 in the second difference image 74 Is "6".
- the second generation unit 66 performs an enhancement process for emphasizing the region of interest in order to make the region of interest easier to see.
- the second generation unit 66 of the present embodiment performs gradation enhancement processing and frequency enhancement processing on the generated second difference image.
- the display control unit 68 controls the display unit 58 to display the second difference image.
- FIG. 10 shows an example of a state in which the second difference image 74 after the enhancement process is displayed on the display unit 58.
- the first difference image 72 1 obtained at the first shooting timing and the first difference image 72 2 obtained at the second shooting timing are provided in the second difference image 74 after the enhancement process.
- the form displayed side by side on the display unit 58 is shown.
- the display form is not limited to the form of displaying side by side as shown in FIG.
- it may be a display form in which the user instructs or automatically switches and displays the display, or a display form in which the display is superimposed. Further, a low-energy image, a high-energy image, or the like may be displayed.
- the display control unit 68 may display at least the second difference image enhanced in step S210, and may include other radiographic images, information regarding contrast imaging such as imaging timing, and information regarding the amount of contrast. At least one or the like may be further displayed.
- step S212 When the process of step S212 is completed in this way, the difference image generation display process shown in FIG. 9 is completed, and the difference image generation display process of step S18 shown in FIG. 7 is completed.
- the low-energy image and the plurality of high-energy images taken by the mammography apparatus 10 of the present embodiment, the plurality of first difference images and the second difference images generated by the console 12, and the like are stored in the storage unit 52 of the console 12. , PACS (Picture Archiving and Communication Systems), etc. may be stored.
- the difference image generation display processing is performed as a series of processing after the contrast imaging which is the processing of S14 in FIG. 7 is completed, but the timing of performing the difference image generation display processing, that is, the first.
- the timing of generating the first difference image and the second difference image and displaying the second difference image is not limited to this embodiment.
- the timing of each of the generation of the first difference image and the second difference image and the display of the second difference image may be performed at a timing according to the user's desire after the contrast imaging.
- the console 12 of each of the above forms includes a CPU 50A as at least one processor.
- the CPU 50A has a low-energy image taken by the mammography apparatus 10 by irradiating the breast in which the contrast agent has been injected with the radiation R of the first energy, and a plurality of different imaging timings after the injection of the contrast agent.
- a plurality of high-energy images taken by the mammography apparatus 10 by irradiating a radiation R having a second energy higher than that of the first energy are acquired.
- the CPU 50A corresponds to a contrast agent that generates a second difference image showing a difference between a plurality of first difference images showing a difference between a low energy image and each of a plurality of high energy images and penetrates into a region other than the region of interest. Remove the pixel value to be used.
- the console 12 of the present embodiment generates the second difference image showing the difference between the first difference images showing the difference between the high energy image and the low energy image. Therefore, the console 12 includes an image in which the second difference image does not include an image corresponding to the contrast medium that has penetrated into the breast structure or the like other than the object of interest, or an image corresponding to the contrast medium that has penetrated into the object other than the object of interest. Even if it is, the image can be obtained with the contrast amount reduced. Therefore, according to the console 12 of the present embodiment, it is possible to obtain a radiographic image (second difference image) that makes it easier to see the region of interest in which the contrast medium has penetrated.
- the method in which the generation unit 63 generates the first difference image and the second difference image is not limited to the above-mentioned form. For example, even if a difference image showing the difference between low-energy images at each shooting timing is generated, a difference image showing the difference between high-energy images is generated, and then a difference image showing the difference between both difference images is generated. good. Also in this case, the finally generated difference image corresponds to the second difference image.
- the generation unit 63 generates a third difference image 76 showing the difference between the high energy image 70H 2 and the high energy image 70H 1 . Further, the generation unit 63 generates a fourth difference image 78 showing the difference between the low energy image 70L 2 and the low energy image 70L 1 .
- the generation unit 63 generates a second difference image 74 showing the difference between the fourth difference image 78 and the third difference image 76.
- the third difference image 76 in the present embodiment is an example of the third difference image of the present disclosure
- the fourth difference image 78 is an example of the fourth difference image of the present disclosure.
- the timing for capturing the low-energy image is not limited to this embodiment.
- the low-energy image is an image in which the contrast medium is hardly reflected in the low-energy image and the body tissue such as the mammary gland is clearly shown. Therefore, if the body movement is not taken into consideration, the low energy image becomes the same image regardless of the shooting timing. Therefore, the shooting timing of the low energy image is not limited. Further, the number of times a low-energy image is taken does not have to be the same as the number of times a high-energy image is taken. As an example, FIG.
- the generation unit 63 generates a first difference image 721 showing the difference between the high energy image 70H1 and the low energy image 70L1. Further, the generation unit 63 generates a first difference image 722 showing the difference between the high energy image 70H2 and the low energy image 70L1. Further, the generation unit 63 generates a second difference image 74 showing the difference between the first difference image 722 and the first difference image 721.
- the shooting timing may be two or more times.
- the shooting timing is set to 3 times or more, for example, a plurality of second difference images 74 can be generated.
- the present invention is not limited to this form, and the high-energy image may be taken first.
- the breast is applied as an example of the subject of the present disclosure
- the mammography apparatus 10 is applied as an example of the radiographic imaging apparatus of the present disclosure.
- the subject is not limited to the breast, and the subject is not limited to the breast.
- the radiographic imaging device is not limited to the mammography device.
- the subject may be the chest, the abdomen, or the like, and the radiographic imaging apparatus may be in the form of applying a radiographic imaging apparatus other than the mammography apparatus.
- the console 12 is an example of the image processing device of the present disclosure, but a device other than the console 12 may have the function of the image processing device of the present disclosure.
- a part or all of the functions of the control unit 60, the acquisition unit 62, the generation unit 63, and the display control unit 68 may be provided by, for example, a mammography device 10 or an external device other than the console 12.
- the hardware structure of the processing unit that executes various processes such as the control unit 60, the acquisition unit 62, the generation unit 63, and the display control unit 68 is shown below.
- Various processors can be used.
- the above-mentioned various processors include a CPU, which is a general-purpose processor that executes software (program) and functions as various processing units, and a circuit after manufacturing an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) or the like.
- Dedicated electricity which is a processor with a circuit configuration specially designed to execute specific processing such as programmable logic device (PLD), ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), which is a processor whose configuration can be changed. Circuits etc. are included.
- PLD programmable logic device
- ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit
- One processing unit may be composed of one of these various processors, or a combination of two or more processors of the same type or different types (for example, a combination of a plurality of FPGAs or a combination of a CPU and an FPGA). It may be composed of a combination). Further, a plurality of processing units may be configured by one processor.
- one processor is configured by a combination of one or more CPUs and software, as represented by a computer such as a client and a server.
- the processor functions as a plurality of processing units.
- SoC System On Chip
- the various processing units are configured by using one or more of the above-mentioned various processors as a hardware-like structure.
- an electric circuit in which circuit elements such as semiconductor elements are combined can be used.
- each of the irradiation control processing program 51A and the image processing program 51B can be used as a recording medium such as a CD-ROM (Compact Disc Read Only Memory), a DVD-ROM (Digital Versatile Disc Read Only Memory), and a USB (Universal Serial Bus) memory. It may be provided in recorded form. Further, each of the irradiation control processing program 51A and the image processing program 51B may be downloaded from an external device via a network.
- a recording medium such as a CD-ROM (Compact Disc Read Only Memory), a DVD-ROM (Digital Versatile Disc Read Only Memory), and a USB (Universal Serial Bus) memory. It may be provided in recorded form.
- each of the irradiation control processing program 51A and the image processing program 51B may be downloaded from an external device via a network.
- Radiation imaging system 2 RIS 10 Mammography device 12 Console 20, 50 Control unit 22, 52 Storage unit 24, 54 I / F unit 26, 56 Operation unit 28 Radiation detector 30 Imaging table, 30A Imaging surface 32 Arm section 34 Base 35 Shaft section 36 Compression unit 37 Radiation irradiation part, 37R Radiation source 38 Face guard 40 Compression plate 46 Support part 50A CPU, 50B ROM, 50C RAM 51A Irradiation control processing program, 51B Image processing program 58 Display unit 59 Bus 60 Control unit 62 Acquisition unit 63 Generation unit 64 1st generation unit 66 2nd generation unit 68 Display control unit 70L 1 , 70L 2 Low energy image 70H 1 , 70H 2 High-energy images 72 1 , 72 2 1st difference image 74 2nd difference image 76 3rd difference image 78 4th difference image 80 Graph 82 Shooting timing information 90 1 to 90 3 Breast 92 1 to 92 3 Normal region 94 1 to 94 3 Area of interest R Radiation
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Abstract
Description
図7には、本実施形の放射線画像撮影システム1による造影撮影の流れの一例を表したフローチャートが示されている。造影撮影を行う場合、まず、図7のステップS10に示すようにユーザは、被写体となる乳房に造影剤を注入する。次にステップS12に示すようにユーザは、マンモグラフィ装置10の撮影台30に被検者の乳房をポジショニングし、圧迫板40により乳房を圧迫する。
2 RIS
10 マンモグラフィ装置
12 コンソール
20、50 制御部
22、52 記憶部
24、54 I/F部
26、56 操作部
28 放射線検出器
30 撮影台、30A 撮影面
32 アーム部
34 基台
35 軸部
36 圧迫ユニット
37 放射線照射部、37R 放射線源
38 フェイスガード
40 圧迫板
46 支持部
50A CPU、50B ROM、50C RAM
51A 照射制御処理プログラム、51B 画像処理プログラム
58 表示部
59 バス
60 制御部
62 取得部
63 生成部
64 第1生成部
66 第2生成部
68 表示制御部
70L1、70L2 低エネルギー画像
70H1、70H2 高エネルギー画像
721、722 第1差分画像
74 第2差分画像
76 第3差分画像
78 第4差分画像
80 グラフ
82 撮影タイミング情報
901~903 乳房
921~923 正常領域
941~943 関心領域
R 放射線
Claims (12)
- 少なくとも1つのプロセッサを備え、
前記プロセッサは、
造影剤が注入された状態の被写体に第1のエネルギーの放射線を照射させて放射線画像撮影装置に撮影させた低エネルギー画像と、前記造影剤の注入後の各々異なる複数の撮影タイミングで前記第1のエネルギーよりも高い第2のエネルギーの放射線を照射させて前記放射線画像撮影装置に撮影させた複数の高エネルギー画像とを取得し、
前記低エネルギー画像と前記複数の高エネルギー画像の各々との差分を示す複数の第1差分画像同士の差分を示す第2差分画像を生成して関心領域以外に浸透した造影剤に対応する画素値を除去する、
画像処理装置。 - 前記プロセッサは、
前記第2差分画像の画素値の総和が最も小さくなる除去係数を特定し、
前記複数の第1差分画像同士のうちの一方の第1差分画像に前記除去係数を乗算して得られた画像データを、他方の第1差分画像の画像―データから対応する画素毎に減算することで前記第2差分画像を生成する、
請求項1に記載の画像処理装置。 - 前記プロセッサは、
前記第2差分画像における関心領域外の画素値の総和が最も小さくなる除去係数を特定し、
前記複数の第1差分画像同士のうちの一方の第1差分画像に前記除去係数を乗算して得られた画像データを、他方の第1差分画像の画像―データから対応する画素毎に減算することで前記第2差分画像を生成する、
請求項1に記載の画像処理装置。 - 前記プロセッサは、
前記複数の第1差分画像同士のコントラストを合わせてから前記第2差分画像を生成する
請求項1から請求項3のいずれか1項に記載の画像処理装置。 - 前記プロセッサは、
第1差分画像における乳腺構造及び関心領域以外の領域の少なくとも一方のコントラストを合わせる
請求項4に記載の画像処理装置。 - 前記プロセッサは、
前記第2差分画像を、前記複数の撮影タイミング同士の間隔に基づいて正規化する、
請求項1から請求項5のいずれか1項に記載の画像処理装置。 - 前記プロセッサは、
前記第2差分画像に対し、関心領域を強調するための画像処理を行う
請求項1から請求項6のいずれか1項に記載の画像処理装置。 - 前記プロセッサは、
前記低エネルギー画像として、前記複数の高エネルギー画像各々の撮影タイミングで前記第1のエネルギーを照射させて前記放射線画像撮影装置に撮影させた複数の低エネルギー画像を取得し、
前記複数の低エネルギー画像の各々と前記複数の高エネルギー画像の各々との差分を示す第1差分画像を前記撮影タイミング毎に生成する
請求項1から請求項7のいずれか1項に記載の画像処理装置。 - 前記プロセッサは、
前記低エネルギー画像として、前記複数の高エネルギー画像各々の撮影タイミングで前記第1のエネルギーを照射させて前記放射線画像撮影装置に撮影させた複数の低エネルギー画像を取得し、
前記複数の高エネルギー画像同士の差分を示す第3差分画像と、前記複数の低エネルギー画像同士の差分を示す第4差分画像とを生成し、
前記第3差分画像と前記第4差分画像との差分を示す画像を生成することで前記第2差分画像を生成する
請求項1から請求項7のいずれか1項に記載の画像処理装置。 - 前記プロセッサは、
共通の前記低エネルギー画像を用いて前記複数の第1差分画像を生成する
請求項1から請求項7のいずれか1項に記載の画像処理装置。 - 造影剤が注入された状態の被写体に第1のエネルギーの放射線を照射させて放射線画像撮影装置に撮影させた低エネルギー画像と、前記造影剤の注入後の各々異なる複数のタイミングで前記第1のエネルギーよりも高い第2のエネルギーの放射線を照射させて前記放射線画像撮影装置に撮影させた複数の高エネルギー画像とを取得し、
前記低エネルギー画像と前記複数の高エネルギー画像の各々との差分を示す複数の第1差分画像を生成し、
関心領域以外に浸透した造影剤に対応する画素値を除去するために前記複数の第1差分画像同士の差分を示す第2差分画像を生成する
処理をコンピュータが実行する画像処理方法。 - 造影剤が注入された状態の被写体に第1のエネルギーの放射線を照射させて放射線画像撮影装置に撮影させた低エネルギー画像と、前記造影剤の注入後の各々異なる複数のタイミングで前記第1のエネルギーよりも高い第2のエネルギーの放射線を照射させて前記放射線画像撮影装置に撮影させた複数の高エネルギー画像とを取得し、
前記低エネルギー画像と前記複数の高エネルギー画像の各々との差分を示す複数の第1差分画像を生成し、
関心領域以外に浸透した造影剤に対応する画素値を除去するために前記複数の第1差分画像同士の差分を示す第2差分画像を生成する
処理をコンピュータに実行させるための画像処理プログラム。
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