WO2022063187A1 - 一种通信方法和装置 - Google Patents

一种通信方法和装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022063187A1
WO2022063187A1 PCT/CN2021/119960 CN2021119960W WO2022063187A1 WO 2022063187 A1 WO2022063187 A1 WO 2022063187A1 CN 2021119960 W CN2021119960 W CN 2021119960W WO 2022063187 A1 WO2022063187 A1 WO 2022063187A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
data
network element
indication information
information
function network
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PCT/CN2021/119960
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
潘奇
黄正磊
倪慧
李永翠
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP21871556.3A priority Critical patent/EP4207655A4/en
Publication of WO2022063187A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022063187A1/zh
Priority to US18/185,381 priority patent/US20230224253A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/34—Flow control; Congestion control ensuring sequence integrity, e.g. using sequence numbers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/08—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by repeating transmission, e.g. Verdan system
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
    • H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
    • H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
    • H04L1/1867—Arrangements specially adapted for the transmitter end
    • H04L1/1887—Scheduling and prioritising arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/24—Traffic characterised by specific attributes, e.g. priority or QoS
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0044—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path allocation of payload
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/50—Queue scheduling
    • H04L47/62—Queue scheduling characterised by scheduling criteria
    • H04L47/625—Queue scheduling characterised by scheduling criteria for service slots or service orders
    • H04L47/6275—Queue scheduling characterised by scheduling criteria for service slots or service orders based on priority

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of wireless communication technologies, and in particular, to a communication method and apparatus.
  • TCP transmission control protocol
  • TCP order-preserving nature of TCP itself makes the application layer obtain and parse the data of the subsequent sequence number only after the data packet of the previous sequence number arrives.
  • data retransmission occurs due to packet loss, it may lead to out-of-order data packets.
  • out-of-order data packets will cause the client to wait, increasing the waiting delay, which is reflected in the media service layer as the card in the playback process. pause.
  • the present application provides a communication method and apparatus for reducing the latency of retransmission data and out-of-order data during transmission.
  • a communication method may be executed by the user plane function network element in this embodiment of the present application, or a chip similar to the user plane function network element.
  • the user plane function network element may receive the first data and receive the second data.
  • the user plane function network element may determine, according to the first information, that the second data is retransmission data of the first data.
  • the user plane function network element may send indication information to the access network network element.
  • the indication information here may be used to indicate that the second data is retransmission data or the indication information may be used to indicate the transmission priority of the second data.
  • the user plane function network element may determine, according to the first information, that the second data is retransmission data of the first data, and send indication information to the access network element.
  • the network element of the access network can send the first data and the second data according to the indication information, and can preferentially send the retransmitted data, thereby reducing the waiting time when transmitting the data.
  • the user plane function network element may receive the first information from the application server.
  • the first information may include a data packet sequence number difference threshold.
  • a difference threshold of TCP sequence numbers may be included.
  • the user plane function network element can determine that the second data is retransmission data of the first data according to the data packet sequence number of the second data and the difference threshold of the data packet sequence number included in the first information, and report it to the access network.
  • the network element sends indication information to reduce the data transmission delay.
  • the user plane function network element may determine that the difference between the data packet sequence number of the second data and the data packet sequence number of the adjacent data exceeds the foregoing data packet difference threshold. In other words, when the difference between the data packet sequence number of the second data and the data packet sequence number of the adjacent data exceeds the data packet difference threshold, it can be determined that the second data is retransmission data of the first data.
  • the data packet difference threshold may be set according to an empirical value, which is not specifically limited in this application.
  • the user plane function network element can identify the retransmitted data according to the difference between the data packet sequence number of the second data and the data packet sequence number of the adjacent data, so that the retransmitted data packet can be preferentially transmitted.
  • the user plane function network element may receive the first information from the access network network element.
  • the first information may be used to indicate a reception response to the first data.
  • the user plane function network element after the user plane function network element sends the first data to the access network element, when receiving a reception response from the access network element, the user plane function network element can determine that the first data has been received, No need to trigger retransmission.
  • the user plane function network element may determine that the first information does not include a reception response of the first data. For example, if the user plane function network element determines that the packet sequence number of the second data is the same as that of the first data, and does not receive a reception response for the first data, the user plane function network element may determine that the second data is Retransmission data of the first data.
  • the user plane function network element can identify the retransmitted data according to the reception response of the first data, and can instruct the access network element to perform priority scheduling through the indication information, and transmit the retransmitted data preferentially.
  • the indication information may be identification information of the first quality of service (quality of service, QoS) flow.
  • the first data may be sent through the second QoS flow, and the priority of the first QoS flow may be higher than the priority of the second QoS flow.
  • the user plane function network element can instruct the second data to be transmitted by the first QoS flow with a higher priority according to the identification information of the QoS flow, so as to transmit the retransmitted data preferentially.
  • a communication method may be performed by the access network element in the embodiment of the present application, or performed by a chip similar to the function of the access network element.
  • the network element of the access network may receive the first data and the second data.
  • the access network element may receive indication information from the user plane functional network element.
  • the indication information may be used to indicate that the second data is retransmission data of the first data.
  • the network element of the access network may determine the priority of sending the second data according to the indication information.
  • the access network element can determine the sending priority of the second data according to the indication information from the user plane functional network element, perform priority scheduling, and transmit the first data and the second data.
  • the network element of the access network may determine, according to the indication information, that the sending priority of the second data is higher than the sending priority of the first data.
  • the network element of the access network can confirm that the transmission priority of the second data is higher through the indication information, so as to perform priority scheduling to transmit the second data preferentially, and reduce the waiting delay during data transmission.
  • the access network element may receive the second information from the session management function network element.
  • the second information here may include indication information. Therefore, the access network element may determine that the second data is retransmission data of the first data when the indication information from the user plane function network element is the same as the indication information from the session management function network element.
  • the access network element can determine that the second data is the retransmission data of the first data through the indication information from the session management function network element and the indication information from the user plane function network element, so as to perform priority scheduling priority Retransmission data is transmitted to reduce the latency of data transmission.
  • the indication information may be identification information of the first QoS flow
  • the first data may be received through the second QoS flow
  • the priority of the first QoS flow is higher than that of the second QoS flow.
  • the access network element can implement priority scheduling through the first QoS flow and the second QoS flow with different priorities, and can transmit the second data through the first QoS flow to reduce the transmission delay of retransmitted data.
  • a communication method may be executed by the policy control function network element in the embodiment of the present application, or executed by a chip similar to the function of the policy control function network element.
  • the policy control function network element may receive indication information from the application server.
  • the policy control function network element may generate the first QoS flow and the second QoS flow according to the indication information.
  • the second QoS flow may be used to send the first data
  • the first QoS flow may be used to send the second data.
  • the second data here may be retransmission data of the first data.
  • the policy control function network element may send policy information of the first QoS flow and the second QoS flow to the session management function network element.
  • the policy information here can be used to indicate that the priority of the first QoS flow is higher than the priority of the second QoS flow.
  • the network element of the policy control function can generate the first QoS flow and the second QoS flow with different priorities according to the indication information, so as to transmit the first data and the second data through the QoS flows with different priorities, so as to realize the scheduling of priorities , reduce the data transmission delay.
  • a communication method may be performed by the access network element in the embodiment of the present application, or performed by a chip similar to the function of the access network element.
  • the network element of the access network may receive the first data.
  • the first data here may include first indication information, and the first indication information may be used to indicate the sending sequence of the data packets of the first data on the application server side.
  • the network element of the access network may determine the sending priority of the first data according to the first indication information.
  • the network element of the access network can determine the sending priority of the first data according to the sending order of the data packets of the first data on the application server, so as to perform priority scheduling and send the first data with different priorities, Reduce data transmission delay.
  • the access network element may receive the second indication information from the session management function network element.
  • the second indication information here may instruct the access network element to transmit data according to the priority information.
  • the network element of the access network can perform priority scheduling according to the second indication information, and send the first data in the order of the priority of the first data.
  • a communication method may be executed by an application server, or a chip similar to the function of the application server.
  • the application server may send the first data to the network element of the access network through the network element of the user plane function.
  • the first data may include first indication information.
  • the first indication information here may be the sending sequence of the data packets of the first data on the application server side, and the first indication information may be used for determining the sending priority of the first data.
  • the application server can indicate the priority of sending the first data to the network element of the access network through the first indication information, so that the network element of the access network can schedule the priority according to the order of the priority of the first data.
  • the first data is sent, so as to reduce the data transmission delay.
  • a communication apparatus may include various modules/units for executing the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect, or may further include a communication device for executing the second aspect or the second aspect
  • the communication unit and the processing unit may include various modules/units for executing the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect, or may further include a communication device for executing the second aspect or the second aspect.
  • a communication apparatus in a seventh aspect, includes a processor and a memory.
  • the memory is used to store computer-executed instructions, and when the controller is running, the processor executes the computer-executed instructions in the memory to utilize hardware resources in the controller to perform the operation steps of the method in the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect, Either perform the operation steps of the method in the second aspect or any possible implementation manner of the second aspect, or perform the operation steps of the method in the third aspect or any possible implementation manner of the third aspect, or perform the fourth aspect or the fourth aspect. Operation steps of the method in any possible implementation manner of the aspect, or performing the operation steps of the method in the fifth aspect or any possible implementation manner of the fifth aspect.
  • the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, where instructions are stored in the computer-readable storage medium, when the computer-readable storage medium runs on a computer, the computer executes the methods of the above aspects.
  • the present application provides a computer program product storing instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the methods of the above aspects.
  • FIG. 1 provides a communication system according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is one of the schematic structural diagrams of an access network device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is one of the schematic structural diagrams of an access network device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is one of the schematic structural diagrams of an access network device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is one of the exemplary flowcharts of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is one of the exemplary flowcharts of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is one of the exemplary flowcharts of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is one of the exemplary flowcharts of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is one of the exemplary flowcharts of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is one of the exemplary flowcharts of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a device with a communication function according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is a block diagram of an apparatus with a communication function according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Retransmission data refers to the data when the data sent by the device is retransmitted.
  • the retransmitted data can be exactly the same as the data in the first transmission, or it can be a different redundant version of the data in the first transmission.
  • system and “network” in the embodiments of this application may be used interchangeably.
  • “Plurality” means two or more, and other quantifiers are similar.
  • “And/or” describes the association relationship between associated objects, indicating that there can be three kinds of relationships, for example, A and/or B, which can mean that A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone.
  • occurrences of the singular forms “a”, “an” and “the” do not mean “one or only one” unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, but rather “one or more” in one".
  • a device means to one or more such devices.
  • at least one (at least one of). «" means one or any combination of subsequent associated objects, for example "at least one of A, B and C” includes A, B, C, AB, AC, BC, or ABC.
  • the architecture of the communication system may include a network opening function network element, a policy control function network element, a data management network element, an application function network element, an Access and mobility management function network elements, session management function network elements, terminal equipment, access network equipment, user plane function network elements and data networks.
  • a network exposure function (NEF) network element a policy control function (policy control function, PCF) network element , data management network element (unified data management, UDM) network element, application function network element (application function, AF) network element, AMF network element, session management function (session management function, SMF) network element, UE, connection element Access network (AN) equipment, user plane function (UPF) network elements, and data network (DN).
  • NEF network exposure function
  • PCF policy control function
  • UDM data management network element
  • application function network element application function, AF
  • AMF application function network element
  • SMF session management function
  • DN data network
  • the AMF network element and the terminal equipment can be connected through the N1 interface
  • the AMF and the AN device can be connected through the N2 interface
  • the AN device and the UPF can be connected through the N3 interface
  • the SMF and the UPF can be connected through the N4 interface.
  • UPF and DN can be connected through N6 interface.
  • the interface name is only an example description, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application. It should be understood that the embodiments of the present application are not limited to the communication system shown in FIG. 1 , and the names of the network elements shown in FIG. 1 are described here only as an example, and are not included in the communication system architecture applicable to the method of the present application. the network element limit. The functions of each network element or device in the communication system are described in detail below:
  • the terminal equipment also known as user equipment (UE), mobile station (mobile station, MS), mobile terminal (mobile terminal, MT), etc., is a device that provides voice and/or data connectivity to users. sexual equipment.
  • the terminal device may include a handheld device with a wireless connection function, a vehicle-mounted device, and the like.
  • the terminal device can be: a mobile phone (mobile phone), a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a palmtop computer, a mobile internet device (MID), a wearable device, a virtual reality (virtual reality, VR) device, augmented Augmented reality (AR) equipment, wireless terminals in industrial control, wireless terminals in self-driving, wireless terminals in remote medical surgery, smart grid ), wireless terminals in transportation safety, wireless terminals in smart cities, or wireless terminals in smart homes, etc.
  • the terminal device described in FIG. 2 is shown as UE, which is only an example and does not limit the terminal device.
  • the wireless access network may be the access network (access network, AN) shown in FIG. 1 , and provides wireless access services to the terminal device.
  • the access network device is a device in the communication system that accesses the terminal device to a wireless network.
  • the access network device is a node in a radio access network, which may also be referred to as a base station, or may also be referred to as a radio access network (radio access network, RAN) node (or device).
  • RAN radio access network
  • access network equipment are: gNB, transmission reception point (TRP), evolved Node B (evolved Node B, eNB), radio network controller (radio network controller, RNC), Node B (Node B, NB), base station controller (BSC), base transceiver station (base transceiver station, BTS), home base station (for example, home evolved NodeB, or home Node B, HNB), baseband unit (base band unit, BBU), or wireless fidelity (wireless fidelity, Wifi) access point (access point, AP), etc.
  • TRP transmission reception point
  • eNB evolved Node B
  • RNC radio network controller
  • Node B Node B
  • BSC base station controller
  • base transceiver station base transceiver station
  • BTS home base station
  • home base station for example, home evolved NodeB, or home Node B, HNB
  • baseband unit base band unit, BBU
  • wireless fidelity wireless fidelity, Wifi
  • the radio access network device in this embodiment of the present application may split the radio access network device into two parts according to the protocol stack function: a centralized unit (centralized unit, CU) and a distributed unit (distributed unit, DU).
  • one radio access network device may include one CU and at least one DU, as shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the CU is connected to at least one DU and can be used to manage or control the at least one DU.
  • This structure can disassemble the protocol layers of the radio access network equipment in the communication system. Some of the protocol layer functions are implemented in the CU, and the remaining part or all of the protocol layer functions are distributed and implemented in the DU, and the CU centrally controls the DU.
  • the protocol layer of the gNB includes a radio resource control (RRC) layer, a service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) layer, and a packet data convergence protocol (packet data convergence protocol).
  • RRC radio resource control
  • SDAP service data adaptation protocol
  • packet data convergence protocol packet data convergence protocol
  • PDCP radio link control
  • RLC radio link control
  • MAC media access control sublayer
  • the CU can be used to implement the functions of the RRC layer, the SDAP layer and the PDCP layer
  • the DU can be used to implement the functions of the RLC layer, the MAC layer and the physical layer.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not specifically limit the protocol stacks included in the CU and DU.
  • the F1 interface can be used to connect the CU and the DU, the Xn interface is used to connect the CU to other wireless access network devices, and the NG interface is used to connect the CU to the 5G core network (5G Core, 5GC), as shown in Figure 3.
  • 5G Core 5G Core
  • the CU in this embodiment of the present application may be further divided into one control plane (CU-control plane, CU-CP) network element and at least one user plane (CU-user plane, CU-UP) network element.
  • CU-CP can be used for control plane management
  • CU-UP can be used for user plane data transmission.
  • the interface between CU-CP and CU-UP can be E1 port.
  • the interface between CU-CP and DU can be F1-C, which is used for the transmission of control plane signaling.
  • the interface between CU-UP and DU can be F1-U, which is used for user plane data transmission.
  • the CU-UP and CU-UP can be connected through the Xn-U port for user plane data transmission.
  • the structure of the gNB may be as shown in FIG. 4 .
  • the data network such as the data network (DN) shown in FIG. 1
  • the data network can be the Internet (Internet), an IP Multi-media Service (IMS) network, an area network (i.e. a local network, such as a mobile Edge computing (mobile edge computing, MEC) network) and so on.
  • the data network includes an application server, and the application server provides business services for the terminal device by performing data transmission with the terminal device.
  • the core network is used to connect the terminal equipment to a DN that can implement services of the terminal equipment.
  • the functions of each network element in the core network are described below:
  • the access and mobility management function network element can be used to manage the access control and mobility of the terminal equipment, and in practical applications, it includes mobile in a network framework in long term evolution (LTE).
  • the mobility management function in the management entity mobility management entity, MME
  • MME mobility management entity
  • the access management function is added, which can be specifically responsible for the registration of the terminal equipment, mobility management, tracking area update process, reachability detection, session management Selection of functional network elements, management of mobility state transitions, etc.
  • the access and mobility management function network element may be an AMF (access and mobility management function) network element, such as shown in FIG.
  • the access and mobility management function network element may still be an AMF network element, or have other names, which are not limited in this application.
  • the AMF may provide Namf services.
  • the session management function network element can be used to be responsible for session management (including session establishment, modification and release) of the terminal device, selection and reselection of the user plane function network element, and the Internet Protocol of the terminal device. , IP) address allocation, quality of service (quality of service, QoS) control, etc.
  • the session management function network element may be an SMF (session management function) network element, such as shown in FIG. 1
  • the session management function network element may still be an SMF network element. yuan, or other names, which are not limited in this application.
  • the SMF can provide Nsmf services.
  • the policy control function network element can be used to be responsible for policy control decisions, to provide functions such as service data flow and application detection, gate control, QoS and flow-based charging control, and the like.
  • the policy control function network element may be a PCF (policy control function) network element, such as shown in Figure 1, in future communications, such as in 6G, the policy control function network element may still be a PCF network element yuan, or other names, which are not limited in this application.
  • the policy control function network element is a PCF network element
  • the PCF network element may provide an Npcf service.
  • the main function of the application function network element is to interact with the 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) core network to provide services, to affect service flow routing, access network capability opening, policy control, and the like.
  • 3GPP 3rd generation partnership project
  • the application function network element may be an AF network element, such as shown in FIG. 1
  • future communications such as in 6G
  • the application function network element may still be an AF network element, or have other names , which is not limited in this application.
  • the application function network element is an AF network element
  • the AF network element may provide a Naf service.
  • the data management network element may be used to manage subscription data of the terminal device, registration information related to the terminal device, and the like.
  • the data management network element may be a unified data management network element (unified data management, UDM), such as shown in FIG. 1
  • UDM unified data management network element
  • future communications such as 6G
  • the data management network element may still be The UDM network element, or other names, are not limited in this application.
  • the UDM network element may provide Nudm services.
  • the network open function network element can be used to enable 3GPP to securely provide network service capabilities and the like to a third-party AF (for example, a service capability server (Services Capability Server, SCS), an application server (Application Server, AS), etc.).
  • a third-party AF for example, a service capability server (Services Capability Server, SCS), an application server (Application Server, AS), etc.
  • the network opening function network element may be NEF, such as shown in Figure 1
  • future communications such as 6G
  • the network opening function network element may still be NEF network element, or have other names , which is not limited in this application.
  • the network open function network element is an NEF, the NEF can provide Nnef services to other network function network elements.
  • Each of the above network elements in the core network can also be referred to as functional entities, which can be either network elements implemented on dedicated hardware, software instances running on dedicated hardware, or instances of virtualized functions on an appropriate platform
  • the above-mentioned virtualization platform may be a cloud platform.
  • FIG. 1 the architecture of the communication system shown in FIG. 1 is not limited to including only the network elements shown in the figure, but may also include other devices not shown in the figure, and the specific application will not list them one by one here. .
  • the current data transmission method is implemented through the TCP protocol
  • the AS server sends the data to the UPF
  • the UPF sends the data to the RAN
  • the RAN sends the data to the UE1 for display.
  • UE1 can feed back the reception response of the received data.
  • the receiving response may represent the TCP sequence number of the received data packet.
  • UE1 receives data packets 1, 2, 3, and 4 sent by AS, it can directly reply a 3 in the receive response, indicating the maximum TCP sequence number in the received data, or it can also reply in the receive response 1, 2, 3, indicating all TCP sequence numbers of data that have been received.
  • the TCP protocol is sequence-preserving, that is, the data will have a corresponding TCP sequence number when it is sent.
  • the subsequent data will not be uploaded to the AS even if the subsequent data reaches the TCP layer of the receiver.
  • the server will wait until the subsequent retransmitted data packet arrives. Therefore, the client (such as UE1) will wait during the data transmission process, which is reflected in the service layer as a freeze during the playback process.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a communication method, which can optimize network transmission quality and avoid extra delay caused by retransmission. It should be understood that the embodiments of the present application are not only applicable to a communication system that performs data transmission through the TCP protocol, but the embodiments of the present application can also be applied to a communication system with features of order preservation and retransmission reliability. As shown in FIG. 6, it is an exemplary flowchart of a communication method shown from the perspective of device interaction, which may include the following steps.
  • Step 601 The user plane function network element receives the first data, and sends the first data to the access network network element.
  • the user plane function network element may receive the first data from the application server.
  • the first data may be sent from the application server and sent to the user plane functional network element.
  • Step 602 The user plane function network element receives the second data, and sends the second data to the access network element.
  • the user plane function network element may receive the second data from the application server.
  • the second data may be sent from the application server and sent to the user plane functional network element.
  • Step 603 The user plane function network element determines, according to the first information, that the second data is retransmission data of the first data.
  • the first information here may be information for the user plane function network element to determine whether the second data is retransmission data or out-of-order data of the first data.
  • the first information may be information for the user plane function network element to determine whether the second data is retransmission data or out-of-order data of the first data.
  • Case 1 The first information includes the packet sequence number difference threshold.
  • the first information may be received from an application server.
  • the data packet sequence number difference threshold here may be set according to an empirical value, which is not specifically limited in this application.
  • the user plane function network element may determine whether the difference is greater than or equal to the difference between the packet sequence number of the second data and the packet sequence number of adjacent data, and the packet sequence number difference threshold. Data packet sequence number difference threshold. If yes, the user plane function network element may determine that the second data is retransmission data of the first data, and if not, the user plane function network element may determine that the second data is not the retransmission data of the first data.
  • the user plane function network element may determine whether the second data is random according to the difference between the data packet sequence number of the second data and the data packet sequence numbers of adjacent data, and the difference threshold of the data packet sequence numbers sequence data. For example, if the difference between the data packet sequence numbers of the second data and the data packet sequence numbers of adjacent data is greater than or equal to the data packet sequence number difference threshold, the second data is out-of-order data.
  • the out-of-order data may refer to data whose data packet sequence number is much larger than or much smaller than the data packet sequence number of adjacent data.
  • the user plane function network element receives data packets with sequence numbers 2, 18, and 3, respectively. It can be seen that the data packet sequence number 18 is much larger than the sequence numbers 2 and 3 of the adjacent data, so it can be considered that the data of the data packet sequence number 18 is out-of-order data.
  • the first information includes a reception response of the first data.
  • the first information here may be received from an access network element. After the user plane function network element sends the first data to the access network element, if the access network network element receives the first data, the access network element may send the first data to the user plane function network element Receive the response. The user plane function network element may record the reception response and the first data corresponding to the reception response.
  • the user plane function network element may record the data packet sequence number of the first data sent and the data packet sequence number of the first data corresponding to the received reception response.
  • the user plane function network element may determine whether to receive a reception response of the first data according to the record.
  • the user plane function network element may record the data packet sequence number of the first data sent. If the user plane function network element receives the first data reception response, it can determine the data packet sequence number of the first data corresponding to the reception response, and delete it from the recorded data packet sequence numbers. The user plane function network element may determine which first data reception responses have not been received according to the remaining data packet sequence numbers in the record.
  • the user plane function network element may identify whether the second data is retransmission data of the first data according to the reception response of the first data. For example, if the data packet sequence number of the second data received by the user plane function network element is the same as the data packet sequence number of the first data, and the first information does not include the reception response of the first data, the user plane function network element can determine The second data is a reception response of the first data.
  • the user plane function network element receives the first data whose data packet sequence numbers are 1, 2 and 3 respectively.
  • the user plane function network element may respectively send the first data with the data packet sequence numbers 1, 2 and 3 to the access network element.
  • the end user may send a response of receiving the first data to the user plane function network element.
  • the user plane function network element receives the first data reception responses with the data packet sequence numbers 1 and 3 from the access network network element.
  • the user plane function network element receives the second data with the data packet sequence number 2 again, but the first information does not include a reception response for the first data with the data packet sequence number 2. Therefore, the user plane function network element may determine that the second data whose data packet sequence number is 2 is retransmission data of the first data whose data packet sequence number is 2.
  • Step 604 The user plane function network element sends the first indication information to the access network element.
  • the first indication information here may indicate that the second data is retransmission data, or may indicate a transmission priority of the second data.
  • the user plane function network element may, when determining that the second data is retransmission data, send first indication information that the second data is retransmission data to the access network element, or send the second data to the access network element send the first indication information with the highest priority.
  • the first indication information may be an identifier, and the identifier may be used to indicate that the second data is retransmission data or the identifier may indicate a transmission priority of the second data.
  • the first indication information may indicate that the second data is out-of-order data.
  • the first indication information can also indicate that when the second data is out-of-order data, the data packet sequence number of the second data is smaller than the data packet sequence number of the adjacent data, or when the second data is out-of-order data, the data of the second data.
  • the packet sequence number is greater than the packet sequence number of the adjacent data. Wherein, if the data packet sequence number of the second data is smaller than the data packet sequence number of the adjacent data, the second data needs to be sent preferentially. If the data packet sequence number of the second data is greater than the data packet sequence number of the adjacent data, the first data needs to be sent preferentially.
  • the indication of the transmission priority of the second data may be implemented through the QoS flow identification information.
  • the first indication information may be identification information of the first QoS flow.
  • the first data may be sent through the second QoS flow, and the second data may be sent through the first QoS flow.
  • the priority of the first QoS flow here is higher than the priority of the second QoS flow.
  • the user plane function network element may send the first indication information to the access network element to indicate that the QoS flow of the second data is the first QoS flow.
  • the network element of the access network can send the second data through the first QoS flow, and send the first data through the second QoS flow.
  • the access network network The element maps the data of different QoS flows to the corresponding data radio bearer (DRB, Data Radio Bearer) and sends it to the user side.
  • DRB Data Radio Bearer
  • the first QoS flow and the second QoS flow are generated by the policy control function network element.
  • the policy control function network element may receive the second indication information from the application server.
  • the policy control function network element may generate the first QoS flow and the second QoS with different priorities according to the second indication information. Wherein, the priority of the first QoS flow may be higher than the priority of the second QoS flow.
  • the policy control function network element may generate two QoS flows, or three QoS flows, or multiple QoS flows, which are not specifically limited in this application. The priorities of multiple QoS flows generated by the policy control function network element are different.
  • the user plane function network element may carry the first indication information in the GPRS Tunneling Protocol (GTP) layer of the data packet of the second data, specifically the GTP-U layer. Since the GTP layer is a layer that can be identified by the network element of the access network, the network element of the access network can identify the first indication information in the GTP layer.
  • GTP GPRS Tunneling Protocol
  • the network element of the access network determines the priority of sending the second data according to the first indication information.
  • the network element of the access network may determine, according to the indication information, that the sending priority of the second data is higher than the sending priority of the first data. At this time, the network element of the access network may perform priority scheduling, and transmit the second data preferentially. Alternatively, the network element of the access network may determine, according to the indication information, that the sending priority of the second data is lower than the sending priority of the first data. At this time, the network element of the access network may perform priority scheduling, and transmit the first data preferentially.
  • the access network element may determine that the transmission priority of the second data is higher than the transmission priority of the first data, and the access network element Priority scheduling may be performed to transmit the second data preferentially.
  • the network element of the access network may determine that the second data is out-of-order data according to the first indication information.
  • the network element of the access network may determine the priority of sending the second data according to the first indication information.
  • the first indication information may indicate that the second data is out-of-order data, and the data packet sequence number of the second data is smaller than the data packet sequence number of the adjacent data.
  • the network element of the access network may determine that the transmission priority of the second data is high. The transmission priority of the first data.
  • the first indication information may indicate that the second data is out-of-order data, and the packet sequence number of the second data is greater than the packet sequence number of the adjacent data. In this case, the access network element may determine the sending priority of the second data. lower than the transmission priority of the first data.
  • the access network element may receive second information from the session management function network element, where the second information includes the first indication information. Therefore, when the access network element determines that the first indication information from the session management function network element is the same as the first indication information from the user plane function network element, it considers the second data to be retransmission data or out-of-order data. At this time, the network element of the access network may perform priority scheduling according to the first indication information.
  • FIG. 7 is an exemplary flowchart of a communication method shown from the perspective of device interaction, which may include the following steps.
  • Step 701 The application server sends indication information to the policy control function network element.
  • the application server sends the indication information to the policy control function network element through an AF request (AF request) message.
  • the AF request message may also carry a data packet sequence number difference threshold.
  • the data packet sequence number may be a TCP sequence number
  • the data packet sequence number difference threshold may be a TCP sequence number difference threshold.
  • the indication information may include flow description information, which is used by the policy control function network element to determine that the service corresponding to the flow description information needs to be scheduled for priority.
  • Step 702 The terminal device initiates a protocol data unit (protocol data unit, PDU) session establishment process, and the terminal device sends a PDU session establishment message to the session management function network element.
  • protocol data unit protocol data unit
  • the terminal device may send a PDU Session Modification Request message to the session management function network element to initiate a PDU session modification process.
  • the UE sends a PDU session establishment/modification request message to the access and mobility management network element.
  • the access and mobility management function network element selects the session management function network element, it uses the Nsmf_PDUSession_CreateSMContext/UpdateSMContext service to transfer the session from the UE.
  • the relevant information is sent to the session management function network element.
  • Step 703 The session management function network element initiates the establishment of a session management policy association to the policy control function network element.
  • the session management function network element may initiate a session management policy association modification process to the policy control function network element.
  • the policy control function network element sends the difference threshold and the first indication information to the session management function network element.
  • Step 704 The session management function network element sends the data packet sequence number difference threshold and the first indication information to the user plane function network element.
  • the first indication information here may be indication information for indicating that the second data is retransmission data of the first data, or may be indication information for indicating a transmission priority of the second data.
  • Step 705 The session management function network element puts the first indication information into the N2 SM information and sends it to the access network element through the access and mobility management function network element.
  • the session management function network element sends the N2 SM information to the mobility management function network element side through the Namf_Communication_N1N2MessageTransfer service, and the mobility management function network element informs the access network element side through the N2 PDU Session process.
  • the session management function network element may also put the second indication information into the N2 SM information.
  • Step 706 Complete the remaining PDU session establishment procedures.
  • the PDU session modification process can be completed in step 706 .
  • Step 707 The user plane function network element determines the difference between the data packet sequence number of the second data and the data packet sequence number of the adjacent data.
  • the user plane function network element determines that the difference between the data packet sequence number of the second data and the data packet sequence number of the adjacent data exceeds the data packet sequence number difference threshold, it can be considered that the second data is retransmission data or random data. sequence data.
  • Step 708 The user plane function network element sends the retransmission or out-of-order data packet carrying the first indication information to the access network element.
  • the user plane function network element may carry the first indication information in the GTP layer of the data packet of the second data, and send it to the access network element.
  • the first indication information may indicate that the second data is retransmission data or out-of-order data, or the priority of the second data.
  • Step 709 The network element of the access network performs priority scheduling according to the first indication information.
  • the specific manner in which the network element of the access network performs priority scheduling according to the first indication information may refer to the description in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 6 , which will not be repeated here.
  • FIG. 8 is an exemplary flowchart of a communication method shown from the perspective of device interaction, which may include the following steps.
  • Step 801 The application server sends the first indication information to the policy control function network element through an AF request message.
  • the indication information may include flow description information, which is used by the policy control function network element to determine that the service corresponding to the flow description information needs to be scheduled for priority.
  • Step 802 The terminal device initiates a PDU session establishment process, and the terminal device sends a PDU session establishment message to the session management function network element.
  • the terminal device may send a PDU Session Modification Request message to the session management function network element to initiate a PDU session modification process.
  • the UE sends a PDU session establishment/modification request message to the access and mobility management network element.
  • the access and mobility management function network element selects the session management function network element, it uses the Nsmf_PDUSession_CreateSMContext/UpdateSMContext service to transfer the session from the UE.
  • the relevant information is sent to the session management function network element.
  • Step 803 The session management function network element initiates the establishment of a session management policy association to the policy control function network element.
  • the session management function network element may initiate a session management policy association modification process to the policy control function network element.
  • the policy control function network element sends the first indication information to the session management function network element.
  • Step 804 The session management function network element sends the first indication information to the user plane function network element.
  • the first indication information here may be indication information for indicating that the second data is retransmission data of the first data, or may be indication information for indicating a transmission priority of the second data.
  • Step 805 The session management function network element carries the first indication information in the N2 SM information and sends it to the access network element through the access and mobility management function network element.
  • the session management function network element sends the N2 SM information to the mobility management function network element side through the Namf_Communication_N1N2MessageTransfer service, and the mobility management function network element informs the access network element side through the N2 PDU Session process.
  • the session management function network element may also put the second indication information into the N2 SM information.
  • Step 806 Complete the remaining PDU session establishment process.
  • the PDU session modification process can be completed in step 806 .
  • Step 807 The user plane function network element records the data packet sequence number of the first data sent by the application server.
  • Step 808 The user plane function network element receives the first data reception response, and deletes the data packet sequence number of the first data corresponding to the reception response from the record.
  • the user plane function network element can detect the acknowledge character (acknowledge character, ACK) sequence number in the header of the data packet carried in the uplink data.
  • acknowledge character acknowledge character
  • the TCP header message includes the ACK sequence number.
  • the ACK sequence number may indicate that the transmitted data packet of the first data has been received.
  • Step 809 The user plane function network element determines that the data packet sequence number of the second data has been stored in the record, and the user plane function network element sends the second data carrying the first indication information to the access network element.
  • the user plane function network element may carry the first indication information in the GTP layer of the data packet of the second data, and send it to the access network element.
  • Step 810 The network element of the access network performs priority scheduling according to the first indication information.
  • the specific manner in which the network element of the access network performs priority scheduling according to the first indication information may refer to the description in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 6 , which will not be repeated here.
  • FIG. 9 is an exemplary flowchart of a communication method shown from the perspective of device interaction, which may include the following steps.
  • Step 901 The application server sends the indication information to the policy control function network element through the AF request message.
  • AF may send it to PCF through NEF, AF sends it to NEF through Nnef_ServiceParameter_Create/Update service, and then NEF triggers Nudr_DM_Notify service by storing or updating or deleting the content in UDR, so as to notify PCF and complete the connection between AF and PCF. interaction.
  • the AF request message here may also carry the packet sequence number difference threshold.
  • the data packet sequence number may be a TCP sequence number
  • the data packet sequence number difference threshold may be a TCP sequence number difference threshold.
  • the indication information can be used to trigger the policy control function network element to generate QoS flows with different priorities.
  • the AF request message may also carry flow description information, where the flow description information can be used for the policy control function network element to determine the specific service of the QoS flow that needs to be generated.
  • Step 902 The terminal device initiates a PDU session establishment process, and the terminal device sends a PDU session establishment message to the session management function network element.
  • the terminal device may send a PDU Session Modification Request message to the session management function network element to initiate a PDU session modification process.
  • the UE sends a PDU session establishment/modification request message to the access and mobility management network element.
  • the access and mobility management function network element selects the session management function network element, it uses the Nsmf_PDUSession_CreateSMContext/UpdateSMContext service to transfer the session from the UE.
  • the relevant information is sent to the session management function network element.
  • Step 903 The session management function network element initiates the establishment of a session management policy association to the policy control function network element.
  • the session management function network element may initiate a session management policy association modification process to the policy control function network element.
  • Step 904 The policy control function network element generates a first PDU session related policy corresponding to the first QoS flow and a second PDU session related policy corresponding to the second QoS flow according to the indication information.
  • the priority of the first QoS flow here may be higher than the priority of the second QoS flow.
  • Step 905 The policy control function network element sends the policy information of the first QoS flow and the second QoS flow to the session management function network element.
  • the policy information may indicate that the priority of the first QoS flow is higher than the priority of the second QoS flow.
  • the policy control function network element may send the first PDU session related policy, the second PDU session related policy and the data packet sequence number difference threshold to the session management function network element.
  • Step 906 The session management function network element generates related information of the first QoS flow and the second QoS flow according to the policy information, including specific QoS parameters and QoS flow identifier QFI.
  • Steps 907 to 908 may be the same as steps 704 to 705 as shown in FIG. 7 , or steps 907 to 908 may be the same as steps 804 to 805 as shown in FIG. 8 .
  • Step 909 The user plane function network element determines that the second data is retransmission data of the first data.
  • the user plane function network element may determine that the second data is retransmission data of the first data according to step 705 shown in FIG. 7 or steps 805 to 807 shown in FIG. 8 .
  • Step 910 The user plane function network element maps the second data to the first QoS flow, and maps the first data to the second QoS flow.
  • Step 911 The network element of the access network sends the second data in the first QoS flow to the terminal device through the Data Radio Bearer (DRB) corresponding to the first QoS flow, and sends the first data in the second QoS flow to the terminal device.
  • the data is sent to the terminal device through the DRB corresponding to the second QoS flow.
  • DRB Data Radio Bearer
  • FIG. 10 it is an exemplary flowchart of a communication method shown from the perspective of device interaction, which may include the following steps.
  • Step 1001 The application server sends the first data to the access network element through the user plane function network element.
  • the first data here includes first indication information, and the first indication information may be used to indicate the sending sequence of the data packets of the first data on the application server side.
  • the first indication information may be a data packet sequence number or may be identification information identifying the data packet sequence number.
  • the first indication information may be a TCP sequence number, or may be identification information identifying the data sending sequence of the application server.
  • the user plane function network element may add the first indication information to the GTP layer of the first data and send it to the access network element.
  • the user plane function network element may map the first indication information to new indication information and add it to the GTP layer of the first data.
  • Step 1002 The network element of the access network determines the sending priority of the first data according to the first indication information or the new indication information included in the first data.
  • the network element of the access network may determine the priority of the first data according to the sending sequence of the data packets of the first data on the application server side. For example, the first data sent first at the application server has a higher priority, and the first data sent later has a lower priority.
  • the priority of the first data may be determined according to the sequence number of the data packet identified by the first indication information. Wherein, the smaller the sequence number of the data packet, the higher the priority of the first data. Therefore, the network element of the access network may send the first data according to the sequence of the sequence numbers of the data packets from small to large. Among them, data with a packet sequence number much smaller than the adjacent data can be processed with high priority, and data with a packet sequence number much larger than the adjacent data can be processed with low priority.
  • the network element of the access network receives the first data with the data packet sequence numbers of 2, 3, 4, 19, 22, 6, and 8, respectively.
  • the network element of the access network may preferentially send the first data whose data packet sequence numbers are 2, 3, 4, 6, and 8.
  • the first data with the data packet sequence numbers 19 and 22 are out-of-order data, and the data packet sequence number is much smaller than the data packet sequence number of the adjacent data, so the transmission can be delayed.
  • the access network element may receive the second indication information from the session management function network element.
  • the second indication information may be used to instruct the access network element to transmit data according to the transmission priority information.
  • the network element of the access network may perform priority scheduling according to the first indication information.
  • FIG. 11 is an exemplary flowchart of a communication method shown from the perspective of device interaction, which may include the following steps.
  • Step 1101 The application server sends the indication information to the policy control function network element through the AF request message.
  • the AF request message here may also carry the identification information of the sequence number of the data packet.
  • the identification information may be an identification of the data packet sequence number, or may be a mapping of the identification of the data packet sequence number.
  • the indication information may include flow description information, which is used by the network element of the policy control function to determine that the service corresponding to the flow description information needs to perform priority scheduling.
  • Step 1102 The terminal device initiates a PDU session establishment process, and the terminal device sends a PDU session establishment message to the session management function network element.
  • the terminal device may send a modification request message to the session management function network element to initiate a PDU session modification process.
  • Step 1103 The session management function network element initiates the establishment of a session management policy association to the policy control function network element.
  • the session management function network element may initiate a session management policy modification process to the policy control function network element.
  • Step 1104 The session management function network element sends the second indication information to the access network element through the access and mobility management function network element.
  • the second indication information here may be used to instruct the access network element to transmit data according to the priority information.
  • the session management function network element may send the identification information of the data packet sequence number to the access network element and the user plane function network element, so that the user plane function network element and the access network element can transmit the first information according to the identification information. a data.
  • Step 1105 Complete the remaining PDU session establishment process.
  • step 1104 the PDU session modification process can be completed.
  • Step 1106 The user plane function network element carries the data packet sequence number or the identification information of the data packet sequence number in the first data, and sends it to the access network network element.
  • the user plane function network element may carry the data packet sequence number or the identification information of the data packet sequence number in the GTP layer of the first data and send it to the access network network element.
  • Step 1107 The access network element performs priority scheduling according to the data packet sequence number or the identification information of the data packet sequence number.
  • the network element of the access network may send the first data in an ascending order of the sequence numbers of the data packets, or in an ascending order of the sequence numbers of the data packets identified by the identification information.
  • the first data can be processed with high priority, that is, can be sent preferentially. If the data packet identifier of a first data is greater than the data packet sequence number of adjacent data, and the difference exceeds a preset difference threshold, the first data can be processed with low priority, that is, delayed transmission.
  • an apparatus 1200 with a communication function is provided.
  • the apparatus 1200 can perform each step performed by the user plane function network element, the access network network element, the policy control function network element or the application server in the above method, which will not be described in detail here in order to avoid repetition.
  • the apparatus 1200 includes: a communication unit 1210, a processing unit 1220, and optionally, a storage unit 1230; the processing unit 1220 may be connected to the storage unit 1230 and the communication unit 1210, respectively, and the storage unit 1230 may also be connected to the communication unit 1210. Wherein, the processing unit 1220 may be integrated with the storage unit 1230 .
  • the storage unit 1230 for storing computer programs
  • the communication unit 1210 when the apparatus 1200 executes each step performed by the user plane function network element, the communication unit 1210 is configured to receive the first data; the communication unit 1210 is further configured to receive the second data.
  • the processing unit 1220 is configured to determine, according to the first information, that the second data is retransmission data of the first data.
  • the communication unit 1210 is further configured to send the first indication information to the network element of the access network.
  • the communication unit 1210 is further configured to receive the first information from the application server, where the first information includes a data packet sequence number difference threshold.
  • the processing unit 1220 is specifically configured to determine that the difference between the data packet sequence number of the second data and the data packet sequence number of adjacent data exceeds the data packet sequence number difference threshold.
  • the communication unit is further configured to receive the first information from the access network element, where the first information is used to indicate a reception response to the first data.
  • the processing unit 1220 when determining that the second information is retransmission data of the first data according to the first information, is specifically configured to: determine that the first information does not include the first data A data reception response.
  • the communication unit 1210 when the apparatus 1200 performs each step performed by an access network element, the communication unit 1210 is configured to receive the first data; the communication unit 1210 is further configured to receive the second data.
  • the communication unit 1210 is further configured to receive indication information from the user plane functional network element; the processing unit 1220 is configured to determine the sending priority of the second data according to the indication information.
  • the first data, the second data, and the indication information reference may be made to the relevant descriptions in the method embodiments shown in FIG. 6 to FIG. 11 , and details are not repeated here.
  • the processing unit 1220 when determining the sending priority of the second data according to the indication information, is specifically configured to: determine, according to the indication information, that the sending priority of the second data is high according to the sending priority of the first data.
  • the communication unit 1210 is further configured to send first information to the user plane function network element, where the first information is used to indicate a reception response to the first data.
  • first information For the description of the first information, reference may be made to the related descriptions in the method embodiments shown in FIG. 6 to FIG. 11 .
  • the communication unit 1210 is further configured to receive second information from the session management function network element, where the second information includes the indication information.
  • the second information includes the indication information.
  • the communication unit 1210 is configured to receive indication information from the application server; the processing unit 1220 is configured to generate the first service according to the indication information. Quality QoS flow and second QoS flow.
  • the communication unit 1210 is further configured to send the policy information of the first QoS flow and the second QoS flow to the session management function network element.
  • the indication information, the first QoS flow, the second QoS flow, and the policy information reference may be made to the related descriptions shown in FIGS. 6 to 11 .
  • the communication unit 1210 is configured to receive first data, where the first data includes the first indication information; the processing unit 1220 is configured to The sending priority of the first data is determined according to the first indication information.
  • the first data and the first indication information reference may be made to the related descriptions in the method embodiments shown in FIG. 6 to FIG. 11 .
  • the communication unit 1210 is further configured to receive the second indication information from the session management function network element.
  • the second indication information For the description of the second indication information, reference may be made to the related descriptions in the method embodiments shown in FIG. 6 to FIG. 11 .
  • the processing unit 1220 is configured to use the communication unit 1210 to send the first data to the access network element through the user plane function network element, the first data
  • a piece of data includes first indication information, where the first indication information is used to indicate the sending order of the data packets of the first data in the apparatus.
  • the above device may also be a chip, wherein the communication unit may be an input/output circuit or an interface of the chip, and the processing unit may be a logic circuit, and the logic circuit may process the data to be processed according to the steps described in the above method, and obtain the processed data. data.
  • the output circuit/interface is used to output the processed data.
  • an apparatus 1300 with a communication function is used to implement the functions of a user plane function network element, an access network network element, a policy control function network element, and an application server in the above method.
  • the apparatus 1300 may be a user plane function network element, an access network network element, a policy control function network element, and an application server, or may be a user plane function network element, an access network network element, a policy control function network element, and an application server.
  • the apparatus 1300 includes at least one processor 1320, configured to implement the functions of a user plane function network element, an access network network element, a policy control function network element, and an application server in the method provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the apparatus 1300 may also include a communication interface 1310 .
  • the communication interface may be a transceiver, a circuit, a bus, a module or other types of communication interfaces, which are used to communicate with other devices through a transmission medium.
  • the communication interface 1310 is used by the apparatus in the apparatus 1300 to communicate with other devices.
  • the processor 1320 may perform the functions of the processing unit 1220 shown in FIG. 12
  • the communication interface 1310 may perform the functions of the communication unit 1210 shown in FIG. 12 .
  • the apparatus 1300 may also include at least one memory 1330 for storing program instructions and/or data.
  • Memory 1330 and processor 1320 are coupled.
  • the coupling in the embodiments of the present application is an indirect coupling or communication connection between devices, units or modules, which may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms, and is used for information exchange between devices, units or modules.
  • Processor 1320 may cooperate with memory 1330.
  • Processor 1320 may execute program instructions stored in memory 1330 . At least one of the at least one memory may be included in the processor.
  • the specific connection medium between the communication interface 1310 , the processor 1320 , and the memory 1330 is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the memory 1330, the processor 1320, and the communication interface 1310 are connected through a bus 1340 in FIG. 13.
  • the bus is represented by a thick line in FIG. 13, and the connection between other components is only for schematic illustration. , is not limited.
  • the bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, and the like. For ease of presentation, only one thick line is used in FIG. 13, but it does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.
  • a computer-readable storage medium is provided, and instructions are stored thereon, and when the instructions are executed, the user plane functions in the above method embodiments are performed on the network element side, the access network element side, The method on the network element side or the application server side of the policy control function.
  • a computer program product including an instruction is provided.
  • the instruction is executed, the user plane function network element side, the access network network element side, and the policy control function network element in the above method embodiment are performed. side or application server side method.
  • a communication system may include the foregoing at least one first user plane function network element, at least one access network element, at least one policy control function network element, and at least one application server.
  • processors mentioned in the embodiments of the present invention may be a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), and may also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (Digital Signal Processors, DSP), application-specific integrated circuits ( Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), off-the-shelf Programmable Gate Array (Field Programmable Gate Array, FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc.
  • a general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like.
  • the memory mentioned in the embodiments of the present invention may be volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory.
  • the non-volatile memory may be a read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), a programmable read-only memory (Programmable ROM, PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (Erasable PROM, EPROM), an electrically programmable read-only memory (Erasable PROM, EPROM). Erase programmable read-only memory (Electrically EPROM, EEPROM) or flash memory.
  • Volatile memory may be Random Access Memory (RAM), which acts as an external cache.
  • RAM Static Random Access Memory
  • DRAM Dynamic Random Access Memory
  • SDRAM Synchronous DRAM
  • SDRAM double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • Double Data Rate SDRAM DDR SDRAM
  • enhanced SDRAM ESDRAM
  • synchronous link dynamic random access memory Synchlink DRAM, SLDRAM
  • Direct Rambus RAM Direct Rambus RAM
  • the processor is a general-purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, FPGA or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components
  • the memory storage module
  • memory described herein is intended to include, but not be limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.
  • the disclosed system, apparatus and method may be implemented in other manners.
  • the apparatus embodiments described above are only illustrative.
  • the division of the units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods.
  • multiple units or components may be combined or Can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored, or not implemented.
  • the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, and may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution in this embodiment.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically alone, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the functions, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the technical solution of the present application can be embodied in the form of a software product in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including Several instructions are used to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application.
  • the aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes .

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Abstract

本申请实施例提供一种通信方法和装置，用以减少重传数据和乱序数据在传输时的等待时延。该方法中，用户面功能网元可以接收第一数据，以及接收第二数据。用户面功能网元可以根据第一信息确定第二数据是第一数据的重传数据。用户面功能网元可以向接入网网元发送指示信息。这里的指示信息可以用于指示第二数据是重传数据或者该指示信息可以用于指示第二数据的发送优先级。基于该方案，用户面功能网元可以根据第一信息确定第二数据是第一数据的重传数据，并向接入网网元发送指示信息。这样接入网网元可以根据指示信息发送第一数据和第二数据，可以优先发送重传数据，以此减少传输数据时的等待时延。

Description

一种通信方法和装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求在2020年09月28日提交中国专利局、申请号为202011042985.6、申请名称为“一种通信方法和装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及无线通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种通信方法和装置。
背景技术
新媒体行业发展迅速，导致了媒体行业的数据量激增，从而对网络传输能力提出了挑战。例如，超高清视频、虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)/增强现实(augmented reality，AR)全景视频等新兴媒体对画质和时延要求较高，会有大量数据被实时传输。目前，传输控制协议(transmission control protocol，TCP)由于其可靠性，在网络传输中得到了极大的应用。
但是，TCP本身存在的保序性使得只有前面序号的数据包到达之后，应用层才会去获取并解析后面序号的数据。当发生丢包进行数据重传时可能会导致数据包乱序，乱序数据包在数据传输过程中会造成客户端等待，加大了等待时延，反映到媒体业务层就是播放过程中的卡顿。
发明内容
本申请提供一种通信方法和装置，用于减少重传数据和乱序数据在传输时的等待时延。
第一方面，提供一种通信方法。该方法可以由本申请实施例的用户面功能网元执行，或者类似用户面功能网元的芯片执行。该方法中，用户面功能网元可以接收第一数据，以及接收第二数据。用户面功能网元可以根据第一信息确定第二数据是第一数据的重传数据。用户面功能网元可以向接入网网元发送指示信息。这里的指示信息可以用于指示第二数据是重传数据或者该指示信息可以用于指示第二数据的发送优先级。
基于该方案，用户面功能网元可以根据第一信息确定第二数据是第一数据的重传数据，并向接入网网元发送指示信息。这样接入网网元可以根据指示信息发送第一数据和第二数据，可以优先发送重传数据，以此减少传输数据时的等待时延。
在一种可能的实现方式中，用户面功能网元可以从应用服务器接收第一信息。该第一信息可以包括数据包序号差值门限。例如，可以包括TCP序号的差值门限。
基于该方案，用户面功能网元可以根据第二数据的数据包序号以及第一信息中包括的数据包序号差值门限，确定第二数据是第一数据的重传数据，并向接入网网元发送指示信息，以减少数据传输时延。
在一种可能的实现方式中，用户面功能网元可以确定第二数据的数据包序号与相邻数据的数据包序号的差值超过前述数据包差值门限。换句话说，在第二数据的数据包序号与 相邻数据的数据包序号的差值超过数据包差值门限时，可以确定该第二数据是第一数据的重传数据。其中，数据包差值门限可以是根据经验值设置的，本申请不做具体限定。
基于该方案，用户面功能网元可以根据第二数据的数据包序号与相邻数据的数据包序号的差值，来识别重传数据，从而可以优先传输重传数据包。
在一种可能的实现方式中，用户面功能网元可以从接入网网元接收第一信息。该第一信息可以用于指示对第一数据的接收响应。
基于该方案，在用户面功能网元向接入网网元发送第一数据后，接收到来自接入网网元的接收响应时，用户面功能网元可以确定该第一数据已被接收，不需要触发重传。
在一种可能的实现方式中，用户面功能网元可以确定第一信息中不包括第一数据的接收响应。例如，用户面功能网元确定第二数据的数据包序号与第一数据的数据包序号相同，且未接收到该第一数据的接收响应，则用户面功能网元可以确定该第二数据是第一数据的重传数据。
基于该方案，用户面功能网元可以根据第一数据的接收响应识别重传数据，并可以通过指示信息指示接入网网元进行优先级的调度，优先传输重传数据。
在一种可能的实现方式中，指示信息可以是第一服务质量(quality of service，QoS)流的标识信息。其中，第一数据可以通过第二QoS流发送，第一QoS流的优先级可以高于第二QoS流的优先级。
基于该方案，用户面功能网元可以根据QoS流的标识信息指示第二数据由优先级较高的第一QoS流传输，以此来优先传输重传数据。
第二方面，提供一种通信方法。该方法可以由本申请实施例中的接入网网元执行，或者由类似接入网网元功能的芯片执行。该方法中，接入网网元可以接收第一数据以及第二数据。接入网网元可以从用户面功能网元接收指示信息。该指示信息可以用于指示第二数据是第一数据的重传数据。接入网网元可以根据指示信息确定第二数据的发送优先级。
基于该方案，接入网网元可以根据来自用户面功能网元的指示信息，确定第二数据的发送优先级，进行优先级调度，传输第一数据和第二数据。
在一种可能的实现方式中，接入网网元可以根据该指示信息，确定第二数据的发送优先级高于第一数据的发送优先级。
基于该方案，接入网网元可以通过指示信息确认第二数据的发送优先级较高，从而进行优先级的调度优先传输第二数据，减少数据传输时的等待时延。
在一种可能的实现方式中，接入网网元可以接收来自会话管理功能网元的第二信息。这里的第二信息可以包括指示信息。因此，接入网网元可以在来自用户面功能网元的指示信息与来自会话管理功能网元的指示信息相同时，确定第二数据是第一数据的重传数据。
基于该方案，接入网网元可以通过来自会话管理功能网元的指示信息和来自用户面功能网元的指示信息，确定第二数据是第一数据的重传数据，从而进行优先级调度优先传输重传数据，减少数据传输的等待时延。
在一种可能的实现方式中，指示信息可以是第一QoS流的标识信息，第一数据可以通过第QoS流接收，第一Qos流的优先级高于第二QoS流的优先级。
基于该方案，接入网网元可以通过优先级不同的第一QoS流和第二QoS流实现优先级调度，并可以通过第一QoS流传输第二数据，减少重传数据的传输时延。
第三方面，提供一种通信方法。该方法可以由本申请实施例中的策略控制功能网元执 行，或者类似于策略控制功能网元功能的芯片执行。该方法中，策略控制功能网元可以从应用服务器接收指示信息。策略控制功能网元可以根据该指示信息生成第一QoS流和第二QoS流。其中，第二QoS流可以用于发送第一数据，第一QoS流可以用于发送第二数据。这里的第二数据可以是第一数据的重传数据。策略控制功能网元可以向会话管理功能网元发送第一QoS流和第二QoS流的策略信息。这里的策略信息可以用于指示第一QoS流的优先级高于第二QoS流的优先级。
基于该方案，策略控制功能网元可以根据指示信息生成优先级不同的第一QoS流和第二QoS流，以通过优先级不同的QoS流传输第一数据和第二数据，实现优先级的调度，减少数据传输时延。
第四方面，提供一种通信方法。该方法可以由本申请实施例中的接入网网元执行，或者类似于接入网网元功能的芯片执行。该方法中，接入网网元可以接收第一数据。这里的第一数据可以包括第一指示信息，该第一指示信息可以用于指示第一数据的数据包在应用服务器端的发送顺序。接入网网元可以根据第一指示信息确定第一数据的发送优先级。
基于该方案，接入网网元可以根据第一数据的数据包在应用服务器端的发送顺序，来确定第一数据的发送优先级，从而进行优先级调度，以不同的优先级发送第一数据，减少数据传输时延。
在一种可能的实现方式中，接入网网元可以从会话管理功能网元接收第二指示信息。这里的第二指示信息可以指示接入网网元根据优先级信息传输数据。
基于该方案，接入网网元可以根据第二指示信息，进行优先级的调度，通过第一数据的优先级的高低顺序发送第一数据。
第五方面，提供一种通信方法。该方法可以由应用服务器执行，或者类似于应用服务器功能的芯片执行。该方法中，应用服务器可以通过用户面功能网元向接入网网元发送第一数据。该第一数据可以包括第一指示信息。这里的第一指示信息可以是第一数据的数据包在应用服务器端的发送顺序，第一指示信息可以用于第一数据的发送优先级的确定。
基于该方法，应用服务器可以通过第一指示信息向接入网网元指示第一数据的发送优先级，从而使得接入网网元进行优先级的调度，通过第一数据的优先级的高低顺序发送第一数据，以此来减少数据传输时延。
第六方面，提供了通信装置，通信装置可以包括用于执行第一方面或第一方面任一种可能实现方式中的各个模块/单元，或者还可以包括用于执行第二方面或第二方面任一种可能实现方式中的各个模块/单元，或者还可以包括用于执行第三方面或第三方面任一种可能实现方式中的各个模块/单元，或者还可以包括用于执行第四方面或第四方面任一种可能实现方式中的各个模块/单元，或者还可以包括用于执行第五方面或第五方面任一种可能实现方式中的各个模块/单元。例如，通信单元和处理单元。
第七方面，提供了一种通信装置，通信装置包括处理器和存储器。存储器用于存储计算机执行指令，控制器运行时，处理器执行存储器中的计算机执行指令以利用控制器中的硬件资源执行第一方面或第一方面任一种可能实现方式中方法的操作步骤，或者执行第二方面或第二方面任一种可能实现方式中方法的操作步骤，或者执行第三方面或第三方面任一种可能实现方式中方法的操作步骤，或者执行第四方面或第四方面任一种可能实现方式中方法的操作步骤，或者执行第五方面或第五方面任一种可能实现方式中方法的操作步骤。
第八方面，本申请提供一种计算机可读存储介质，计算机可读存储介质中存储有指令， 当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述各方面的方法。
第九方面，本申请提供了一种存储指令的计算机程序产品，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述各方面的方法。
另外，第六方面至第九方面的有益效果可以案件如第一方面至第五方面所示的有益效果，此处不再赘述。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例提供的通信系统；
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种接入网设备的结构示意图之一；
图3为本申请实施例提供的一种接入网设备的结构示意图之一；
图4本申请实施例提供的一种接入网设备的结构示意图之一；
图5为本申请实施例提供的一种应用场景的示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法的示例性流程图之一；
图7为本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法的示例性流程图之一；
图8为本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法的示例性流程图之一；
图9为本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法的示例性流程图之一；
图10为本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法的示例性流程图之一；
图11为本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法的示例性流程图之一；
图12为本申请实施例提供的一种具有通信功能的装置示意图；
图13为本申请实施例提供的一种具有通信功能的装置的框图。
具体实施方式
以下，对本申请实施例中的部分用语进行解释说明，以便于本领域技术人员理解。
1)重传数据，指对设备发送的数据进行重新传输时的数据。重传数据可以与第一次传输时的数据完全相同，或者可以是第一次传输时的数据的不同冗余版本。
2)本申请实施例中的术语“系统”和“网络”可被互换使用。“多个”是指两个或两个以上，其它量词与之类似。“和/或”描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。此外，对于单数形式“a”，“an”和“the”出现的元素(element)，除非上下文另有明确规定，否则其不意味着“一个或仅一个”，而是意味着“一个或多于一个”。例如，“a device”意味着对一个或多个这样的device。再者，至少一个(at least one of).......”意味着后续关联对象中的一个或任意组合，例如“A，B和C中的至少一个”包括A，B，C，AB，AC，BC，或ABC。
本申请实施例提供的通信方法适用的一种可能的通信系统的架构，该通信系统的架构中可以包括网络开放功能网元、策略控制功能网元、数据管理网元、应用功能网元、接入与移动性管理功能网元、会话管理功能网元、终端设备、接入网设备、用户面功能网元和数据网络。其中，图1示出了所述通信系统的架构的一种可能的示例，具体包括：网络开放功能(network exposure function，NEF)网元、策略控制功能网元(policy control function，PCF)网元、数据管理网元(unified data management，UDM)网元、应用功能网元(application function，AF)网元、AMF网元、会话管理功能网元(session management function，SMF) 网元、UE、接入网(access network，AN)设备、用户面功能(user plane function，UPF)网元和数据网络(data network，DN)。其中，AMF网元与终端设备之间可以通过N1接口相连，AMF与AN设备之间可以通过N2接口相连，AN设备与UPF之间可以通过N3接口相连，SMF与UPF之间可以通过N4接口相连，UPF与DN之间可以通过N6接口相连。接口名称只是一个示例说明，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。应理解，本申请实施例并不限于图1所示通信系统，图1中所示的网元的名称在这里仅作为一种示例说明，并不作为对本申请的方法适用的通信系统架构中包括的网元的限定。下面对所述通信系统中的各个网元或设备的功能进行详细描述：
所述终端设备，又可以称之为用户设备(user equipment，UE)、移动台(mobile station，MS)、移动终端(mobile terminal，MT)等，是一种向用户提供语音和/或数据连通性的设备。例如，所述终端设备可以包括具有无线连接功能的手持式设备、车载设备等。目前，所述终端设备可以是：手机(mobile phone)、平板电脑、笔记本电脑、掌上电脑、移动互联网设备(mobile internet device，MID)、可穿戴设备，虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)设备、增强现实(augmented reality，AR)设备、工业控制(industrial control)中的无线终端、无人驾驶(self-driving)中的无线终端、远程手术(remote medical surgery)中的无线终端、智能电网(smart grid)中的无线终端、运输安全(transportation safety)中的无线终端、智慧城市(smart city)中的无线终端，或智慧家庭(smart home)中的无线终端等。其中，图2中所述终端设备以UE示出，仅作为示例，并不对终端设备进行限定。
无线接入网络可以为图1所示的接入网(access network，AN)，向所述终端设备提供无线接入服务。所述接入网设备是所述通信系统中将所述终端设备接入到无线网络的设备。所述接入网设备为无线接入网中的节点，又可以称为基站，还可以称为无线接入网(radio access network，RAN)节点(或设备)。目前，一些接入网设备的举例为：gNB、传输接收点(transmission reception point，TRP)、演进型节点B(evolved Node B，eNB)、无线网络控制器(radio network controller，RNC)、节点B(Node B，NB)、基站控制器(base station controller，BSC)、基站收发台(base transceiver station,BTS)、家庭基站(例如，home evolved NodeB，或home Node B，HNB)、基带单元(base band unit，BBU)，或无线保真(wireless fidelity，Wifi)接入点(access point，AP)等。
示例性的，本申请实施例中的无线接入网设备可以根据协议栈功能将无线接入网设备拆分为两个部分：集中单元(centralized unit，CU)和分布单元(distributed unit，DU)。其中，一个无线接入网设备可以包含一个CU、以及至少一个DU，如图2所示。CU与至少一个DU连接，可以用于管理或者控制该至少一个DU。这种结构可以将通信系统中无线接入网设备的协议层拆开，其中部分协议层功能在CU中实现，剩下部分或全部协议层功能分布在DU中实现，由CU集中控制DU。以无线接入网设备为gNB为例，gNB的协议层包括无线资源控制(radio resource control，RRC)层、业务数据适配协议(service data adaptation protocol，SDAP)层、分组数据汇聚协议(packet data convergence protocol，PDCP)层、无线链路控制(radio link control，RLC)层、媒体访问控制子层(media access control，MAC)层和物理层。其中，示例性的，CU可以用于实现RRC层、SDAP层和PDCP层的功能，DU可以用于实现RLC层、MAC层和物理层的功能。本申请实施例不对CU、DU包括的协议栈做具体限定。CU和DU之间可以采用F1接口进行连接，CU与其他的无线接入网设备采用Xn接口连接，CU与5G核心网(5G Core，5GC)之间采用NG接口连 接，如图3所示。
示例性的，本申请实施例中的CU可以进一步分为一个控制面(CU-control plane，CU-CP)网元和至少一个用户面(CU-user plane，CU-UP)网元。其中，CU-CP可以用于控制面管理，CU-UP可以用于用户面数据传输。CU-CP与CU-UP之间的接口可以为E1口。CU-CP与DU之间的接口可以为F1-C，用于控制面信令的传输。CU-UP与DU之间的接口可以为F1-U，用于用户面数据传输。CU-UP与CU-UP之间可以通过Xn-U口进行连接，进行用户面数据传输。例如，以gNB为例，gNB的结构可以如图4所示。
所述数据网络，例如图1所示的数据网络(data network，DN)，可以是因特网(Internet)、IP多媒体业务(IP Multi-media Service，IMS)网络、区域网络(即本地网络，例如移动边缘计算(mobile edge computing，MEC)网络)等。所述数据网络中包括应用服务器，所述应用服务器通过与所述终端设备进行数据传输，为所述终端设备提供业务服务。
核心网用于将所述终端设备接入可以实现所述终端设备的业务的DN。下面对所述核心网中各个网元的功能进行描述：
所述接入与移动性管理功能网元，可用于对所述终端设备的接入控制和移动性进行管理，在实际应用中，其包括了长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)中网络框架中移动管理实体(mobility management entity，MME)里的移动性管理功能，并加入了接入管理功能，具体可以负责所述终端设备的注册、移动性管理、跟踪区更新流程、可达性检测、会话管理功能网元的选择、移动状态转换管理等。例如，在5G中，所述接入与移动性管理功能网元可以是AMF(access and mobility management function)网元，例如图1所示，在未来通信，如6G中，所述接入与移动性管理功能网元仍可以是AMF网元，或有其它的名称，本申请不做限定。当所述接入与移动性管理功能网元是AMF网元时，所述AMF可以提供Namf服务。
所述会话管理功能网元，可用于负责所述终端设备的会话管理(包括会话的建立、修改和释放)，用户面功能网元的选择和重选、所述终端设备的互联网协议(internet protocol，IP)地址分配、服务质量(quality of service，QoS)控制等。例如，在5G中，所述会话管理功能网元可以是SMF(session management function)网元，例如图1所示，在未来通信，如6G中，所述会话管理功能网元仍可以是SMF网元，或有其它的名称，本申请不做限定。当会话管理功能网元时SMF网元时，所述SMF可以提供Nsmf服务。
所述策略控制功能网元，可用于负责策略控制决策、提供基于业务数据流和应用检测、门控、QoS和基于流的计费控制等功能等。例如，在5G中，所述策略控制功能网元可以是PCF(policy control function)网元，例如图1所示，在未来通信，如6G中，所述策略控制功能网元仍可以是PCF网元，或有其它的名称，本申请不做限定。当所述策略控制功能网元是PCF网元，所述PCF网元可以提供Npcf服务。
所述应用功能网元，主要功能是与第三代合作伙伴计划(the 3rd generation partnership project，3GPP)核心网交互来提供服务，来影响业务流路由、接入网能力开放、策略控制等。例如，在5G中，所述应用功能网元可以是AF网元，例如图1所示，在未来通信，如6G中，所述应用功能网元仍可以是AF网元，或有其它的名称，本申请不做限定。当所述应用功能网元是AF网元时，所述AF网元可以提供Naf服务。
所述数据管理网元，可用于管理所述终端设备的签约数据、与所述终端设备相关的注册信息等。例如，在5G中，所述数据管理网元可以是统一数据管理网元(unified data  management，UDM)，例如图1所示，在未来通信，如6G中，所述数据管理网元仍可以是UDM网元，或有其它的名称，本申请不做限定。当所述数据管理网元是UDM网元时，所述UDM网元可以提供Nudm服务。
所述网络开放功能网元，可用于使3GPP能够安全地向第三方的AF(例如，业务能力服务器(Services Capability Server，SCS)、应用服务器(Application Server，AS)等)提供网络业务能力等。例如，在5G中，所述网络开放功能网元可以是NEF，例如图1所示，在未来通信，如6G中，所述网络开放功能网元仍可以是NEF网元，或有其它的名称，本申请不做限定。当所述网络开放功能网元是NEF时，所述NEF可以向其他网络功能网元提供Nnef服务。
核心网中的以上各个网元也可以称为功能实体，既可以是在专用硬件上实现的网络元件，也可以是在专用硬件上运行的软件实例，或者是在适当平台上虚拟化功能的实例，例如，上述虚拟化平台可以为云平台。
需要说明的是，图1所示的通信系统的架构中不限于仅包含图中所示的网元，还可以包含其它未在图中表示的设备，具体本申请在此处不再一一列举。
随着新媒体行业快速发展的同时，媒体行业激增的数据量对网络传输能力提出了挑战，尤其是超高清视频、VR全景视频等新兴媒体流的出现，对数据的时延要求一再提高。如图5所示，目前的数据传输方法是通过TCP协议实现的，AS服务器将数据发送给UPF，由UPF将数据发送给RAN，再由RAN发送给UE1展示。其中，如果UE1可以反馈接收到的数据的接收响应。其中，该接收响应可以表征已经接收到的数据包的TCP序号。例如，如果UE1接收到AS发送的数据包1,2,3,4，那么在接收响应中可以直接回复一个3，表明已经接收到的数据中的最大TCP序号，或者也可以在接收响应中回复1,2,3，表明已经接收到的数据的所有TCP序号。然而，由于TCP协议具有保序性，即数据在发送时会有对应的TCP序号，一旦某一个数据丢失重传，那么就算后续的数据到达接收端TCP层，也不会将后续数据上传给AS服务器，直至后续重传的数据包到达，因此，会在数据传输过程中造成客户端(如UE1)等待，反映到业务层就是播放过程中的卡顿。
基于上述需求，本申请实施例提供一种通信方法，可以优化网络传输质量，可以避免由于重传带来的额外时延。应理解，本申请实施例不仅适用于通过TCP协议进行数据传输的通信系统，本申请实施例还可以适用于具有保序性与重传可靠特性的通信系统。如图6所示，是以设备交互角度示出的通信方法的示例性流程图，可以包括以下步骤。
步骤601：用户面功能网元接收第一数据，向接入网网元发送第一数据。
其中，用户面功能网元可以从应用服务器接收第一数据。该第一数据可以从应用服务器发出，发往用户面功能网元。
步骤602：用户面功能网元接收第二数据，向接入网网元发送第二数据。
同样的，用户面功能网元可以从应用服务器接收第二数据。该第二数据可以从应用服务器发出，发往用户面功能网元。
步骤603：用户面功能网元根据第一信息，确定第二数据是第一数据的重传数据。
这里的第一信息可以是用于用户面功能网元确定第二数据是否为第一数据的重传数据或乱序数据的信息。以下，分别对第一信息的不同情况进行介绍。
情况1：第一信息包括数据包序号差值门限。
其中，第一信息可以是从应用服务器接收的。这里的数据包序号差值门限可以是根据 经验值设置的，本申请不做具体限定。
在一个示例中，用户面功能网元可以根据第二数据的数据包序号与相邻数据的数据包序号之间的差值，以及数据包序号差值门限，确定该差值是否大于或等于该数据包序号差值门限。如果是，则用户面功能网元可以确定该第二数据是第一数据的重传数据，如果不是则用户面功能网元可以确定该第二数据不是第一数据的重传数据。
在另一个示例中，用户面功能网元可以根据第二数据的数据包序号与相邻数据的数据包序号之间的差值，以及数据包序号差值门限，确定该第二数据是不是乱序数据。例如，如果第二数据的数据包序号与相邻数据的数据包序号之间的差值大于或等于数据包序号差值门限，则该第二数据是乱序数据。其中，乱序数据可以是指数据包序号远远大于或远远小于相邻数据的数据包序号的数据。例如，用户面功能网元分别接收了数据包序号为2、18和3的。可见，数据包序号18远远大于相邻数据的序号2和3，因此可以认为数据包序号18的数据为乱序数据。
情况2：第一信息包括第一数据的接收响应。
这里的第一信息可以是从接入网网元接收的。在用户面功能网元将第一数据发送给接入网网元后，如果接入网网元接收到该第一数据，则接入网网元可以向用户面功能网元发送第一数据的接收响应。用户面功能网元可以记录该接收响应以及该接收响应所对应的第一数据。
在一个示例中，用户面功能网元可以记录发送的第一数据的数据包序号，以及接收到的接收响应所对应的第一数据的数据包序号。用户面功能网元可以根据记录，确定是否接收到第一数据的接收响应。
在另一个示例中，用户面功能网元可以记录发送的第一数据的数据包序号。如果用户面功能网元在接收到第一数据的接收响应时，可以确定该接收响应所对应的第一数据的数据包序号，并在已经记录的数据包序号中将其删除。用户面功能网元可以根据记录中剩余的数据包序号确定未接收到哪些第一数据的接收响应。
用户面功能网元可以根据该第一数据的接收响应，来识别第二数据是不是第一数据的重传数据。例如，如果用户面功能网元接收的第二数据的数据包序号与第一数据的数据包序号相同，且第一信息中不包括该第一数据的接收响应，则用户面功能网元可以确定该第二数据是第一数据的接收响应。
举例来说，用户面功能网元接收数据包序号分别为1、2和3的第一数据。用户面功能网元可以分别将数据包序号为1、2和3的第一数据发送给接入网网元。终端用户在接收到前述3个第一数据后，可以向用户面功能网元发送第一数据的接收响应。用户面功能网元从接入网网元接收到数据包序号为1和3的第一数据的接收响应。用户面功能网元又接收到数据包序号为2的第二数据，但第一信息中不包括数据包序号为2的第一数据的接收响应。因此，用户面功能网元可以确定该数据包序号为2的第二数据是数据包序号为2的第一数据的重传数据。
步骤604：用户面功能网元向接入网网元发送第一指示信息。
这里的第一指示信息可以指示第二数据是重传数据，或者可以指示第二数据的发送优先级。例如，用户面功能网元可以在确定第二数据是重传数据时，向接入网网元发送第二数据为重传数据的第一指示信息，或者向接入网网元发送第二数据的发送优先级最高的第一指示信息。示例性的，第一指示信息可以是一个标识，该标识可以用于指示第二数据是 重传数据或者该标识可以指示第二数据的发送优先级。
可选的，第一指示信息可以指示第二数据是乱序数据。以及第一指示信息还可以指示在第二数据是乱序数据时，第二数据的数据包序号小于相邻数据的数据包序号，或者在第二数据是乱序数据时，第二数据的数据包序号大于相邻数据的数据包序号。其中，如果第二数据的数据包序号小于相邻数据的数据包序号，则第二数据需要被优先发送。如果第二数据的数据包序号大于相邻数据的数据包序号，则第一数据需要被优先发送。
在一个示例中，可以通过QoS流标识信息实现对第二数据的发送优先级的指示。例如，第一指示信息可以是第一QoS流的标识信息。此时，第一数据可以通过第二QoS流发送，第二数据可以通过第一QoS流发送。这里的第一QoS流的优先级高于第二QoS流的优先级。用户面功能网元可以向接入网网元发送第一指示信息，以指示第二数据的QoS流为第一QoS流。接入网网元在接收到第一QoS流的标识信息作为第一指示信息时，可以通过第一QoS流发送第二数据，通过第二QoS流发送第一数据，具体地，接入网网元将不同QoS流的数据映射到对应的数据无线承载(DRB，Data Radio Bearer)上发送至用户侧。
另外需要说明的是，这里的第一QoS流和第二QoS流是策略控制功能网元生成的。其中，策略控制功能网元可以从应用服务器接收第二指示信息。策略控制功能网元可以根据第二指示信息，生成优先级不同的第一QoS流和第二QoS。其中，第一QoS流的优先级可以高于第二QoS流的优先级。应理解，策略控制功能网元可以生成两个QoS流，或者三个QoS流，或者多个QoS流，本申请不做具体限定。策略控制功能网元生成的多个QoS流的优先级不同。
本申请实施例中，用户面功能网元可以将第一指示信息携带在第二数据的数据包的GPRS隧道协议(GPRS Tunneling Protocol，GTP)层，具体来讲是GTP-U层。由于GTP层是接入网网元可以识别的层，因此接入网网元可以在GTP层中识别到第一指示信息。
可选的，在本实施例中，接入网网元根据第一指示信息确定第二数据的发送优先级。
其中，接入网网元可以根据指示信息确定第二数据的发送优先级高于第一数据的发送优先级。此时，接入网网元可以进行优先级调度，优先传输第二数据。或者，接入网网元可以根据指示信息确定第二数据的发送优先级低于第一数据的发送优先级。此时，接入网网元可以进行优先级调度，优先传输第一数据。
例如，该第一指示信息指示第二数据是第一数据的重传数据时，接入网网元可以确定第二数据的发送优先级高于第一数据的发送优先级，接入网网元可以进行优先级调度，优先传输第二数据。
在一个示例中，接入网网元可以根据第一指示信息，确定第二数据是乱序数据。此时，接入网网元可以根据第一指示信息确定第二数据的发送优先级。例如，第一指示信息可以指示第二数据是乱序数据，且第二数据的数据包序号小于相邻数据的数据包序号，此时接入网网元可以确定第二数据的发送优先级高于第一数据的发送优先级。又例如，第一指示信息可以指示第二数据是乱序数据，且第二数据的数据包序号大于相邻数据的数据包序号，此时接入网网元可以确定第二数据的发送优先级低于第一数据的发送优先级。
另外需要说明的是，接入网网元可以接收来自会话管理功能网元的第二信息，该第二信息中包括第一指示信息。因此，接入网网元在确定来自会话管理功能网元的第一指示信息与来自用户面功能网元的第一指示信息相同时，认为该第二数据是重传数据或者是乱序数据。此时，接入网网元可以根据第一指示信息进行优先级调度。
以下，通过图7介绍第一信息包括数据包差值门限时的第一数据和第二数据的传输方法。图7是以设备交互角度示出的通信方法的示例性流程图，可以包括以下步骤。
步骤701：应用服务器向策略控制功能网元发送指示信息。
例如，应用服务器通过AF请求(AF request)消息向策略控制功能网元发送指示信息。可选的，AF请求消息中还可以携带数据包序号差值门限。其中，数据包序号可以是TCP序号，数据包序号差值门限可以是TCP序号差值门限。该指示信息可以包含流描述信息，用于策略控制功能网元确定流描述信息所对应的业务需要进行优先级的调度。
步骤702：终端设备发起协议数据单元(protocol data unit，PDU)会话建立流程，终端设备向会话管理功能网元发送PDU session establishment消息。
可选的，如果终端设备已经与会话管理功能网元建立PDU会话，则步骤701中终端设备可以向会话管理功能网元发送PDU Session Modification Request消息，发起PDU会话修改流程。
具体的，UE发送PDU会话建立/修改请求消息给接入与移动性管理网元，由接入与移动性管理功能网元选择会话管理功能网元后，通过Nsmf_PDUSession_CreateSMContext/UpdateSMContext服务将来自UE的会话相关信息发往会话管理功能网元。
步骤703：会话管理功能网元向策略控制功能网元发起会话管理策略关联建立。
可选的，如果在步骤702中终端设备发起的是PDU会话修改流程，则在步骤703中，会话管理功能网元可以向策略控制功能网元发起会话管理策略关联修改流程。
可选的，在会话管理策略关联建立/修改流程中，策略控制功能网元将差值门限与第一指示信息发送给会话管理功能网元。
步骤704：会话管理功能网元向用户面功能网元发送数据包序号差值门限和第一指示信息。
这里的第一指示信息可以是用于指示第二数据是第一数据的重传数据的指示信息，或者可以是用于指示第二数据的发送优先级的指示信息。
步骤705：会话管理功能网元将第一指示信息放到N2 SM信息中通过接入与移动性管理功能网元发送给接入网网元。
具体地，会话管理功能网元通过Namf_Communication_N1N2MessageTransfer服务将N2 SM信息发送给移动管理功能网元侧，移动管理功能网元通过N2 PDU Session流程告知接入网网元侧。可选的，会话管理功能网元也可以将第二指示信息放到该N2 SM信息中。
步骤706：完成剩余的PDU会话建立流程。
或者，在步骤706中可以完成PDU会话修改流程。
步骤707：用户面功能网元确定第二数据的数据包序号与相邻数据的数据包序号的差值。
其中，如果用户面功能网元在确定第二数据的数据包序号与相邻数据的数据包序号的差值超过数据包序号差值门限，则可以认为该第二数据是重传数据或者是乱序数据。
步骤708：用户面功能网元将携带第一指示信息的重传或乱序数据包发送给接入网网元。
其中，用户面功能网元可以将第一指示信息携带在第二数据的数据包的GTP层，发送给接入网网元。该第一指示信息可以指示第二数据是重传数据或乱序数据，或者第二数据 的优先级。
步骤709：接入网网元根据第一指示信息，进行优先级调度。
其中，接入网网元根据第一指示信息进行优先级调度的具体方式可以参见如图6所示的方法实施例中的描述，此处不再赘述。
以下，通过图8介绍第一信息包括第一数据的接收响应时第一数据和第二数据的传输方法。图8是以设备交互角度示出的通信方法的示例性流程图，可以包括以下步骤。
步骤801：应用服务器通过AF request消息将第一指示信息发送给策略控制功能网元。
可选的，该指示信息可以包含流描述信息，用于策略控制功能网元确定流描述信息所对应的业务需要进行优先级的调度。
步骤802：终端设备发起PDU会话建立流程，终端设备向会话管理功能网元发送PDU session establishment消息。
可选的，如果终端设备已经与会话管理功能网元建立PDU会话，则步骤801中终端设备可以向会话管理功能网元发送PDU Session Modification Request消息，发起PDU会话修改流程。
具体的，UE发送PDU会话建立/修改请求消息给接入与移动性管理网元，由接入与移动性管理功能网元选择会话管理功能网元后，通过Nsmf_PDUSession_CreateSMContext/UpdateSMContext服务将来自UE的会话相关信息发往会话管理功能网元。
步骤803：会话管理功能网元向策略控制功能网元发起会话管理策略关联建立。
可选的，如果在步骤802中终端设备发起的是PDU会话修改流程，则在步骤803中，会话管理功能网元可以向策略控制功能网元发起会话管理策略关联修改流程。
可选的，在会话管理策略关联建立/修改流程中，策略控制功能网元将第一指示信息发送给会话管理功能网元。
步骤804：会话管理功能网元将第一指示信息发送给用户面功能网元。
这里的第一指示信息可以是用于指示第二数据是第一数据的重传数据的指示信息，或者可以是用于指示第二数据的发送优先级的指示信息。
步骤805：会话管理功能网元将第一指示信息携带在N2 SM信息中通过接入与移动性管理功能网元发送给接入网网元。
具体地，会话管理功能网元通过Namf_Communication_N1N2MessageTransfer服务将N2 SM信息发送给移动管理功能网元侧，移动管理功能网元通过N2 PDU Session流程告知接入网网元侧。可选的，会话管理功能网元也可以将第二指示信息放到该N2 SM信息中。
步骤806：完成剩余的PDU会话建立流程。
或者，在步骤806中可以完成PDU会话修改流程。
步骤807：用户面功能网元记录由应用服务器发送的第一数据的数据包序号。
步骤808：用户面功能网元接收第一数据的接收响应，并将该接收响应所对应的第一数据的数据包序号从记录中删除。
可选的，用户面功能网元可以检测上行数据中携带的数据包头部的确认字符(acknowledge character，ACK)序号，具体的以TCP协议为例，在TCP头部消息中包含ACK序号。该ACK序号可表明发送的第一数据的数据包已接收。
步骤809：用户面功能网元确定第二数据的数据包序号已经保存在记录中，则用户面 功能网元将携带第一指示信息的第二数据发送给接入网网元。
可选的，用户面功能网元可以将第一指示信息携带在第二数据的数据包的GTP层中，发往接入网网元。
步骤810：接入网网元根据第一指示信息进行优先级调度。
其中，接入网网元根据第一指示信息进行优先级调度的具体方式可以参见如图6所示的方法实施例中的描述，此处不再赘述。
以下，通过图9介绍通过不同优先级的QoS流传输第一数据和第二数据的方法。图9是以设备交互角度示出的通信方法的示例性流程图，可以包括以下步骤。
步骤901：应用服务器通过AF request消息将指示信息发送给策略控制功能网元。
具体的，AF可能会通过NEF发往PCF，AF通过Nnef_ServiceParameter_Create/Update服务发往NEF，随后NEF通过存储或更新或删除UDR中的内容，触发Nudr_DM_Notify服务，从而通知到PCF，完成AF到PCF之间的交互。
可选的，这里的AF request消息中还可以携带数据包序号差值门限。其中，数据包序号可以是TCP序号，数据包序号差值门限可以是TCP序号差值门限。该指示信息可以用于触发策略控制功能网元生成不同优先级的QoS流。该AF request消息中还可以携带有流描述信息，这里的流描述信息可以用于策略控制功能网元确定需要生成的QoS流的具体的业务。
步骤902：终端设备发起PDU会话建立流程，终端设备向会话管理功能网元发送PDU session establishment消息。
可选的，如果终端设备已经建立PDU会话，则步骤902中终端设备可以向会话管理功能网元发送PDU Session Modification Request消息，发起PDU会话修改流程。
具体的，UE发送PDU会话建立/修改请求消息给接入与移动性管理网元，由接入与移动性管理功能网元选择会话管理功能网元后，通过Nsmf_PDUSession_CreateSMContext/UpdateSMContext服务将来自UE的会话相关信息发往会话管理功能网元。
步骤903：会话管理功能网元向策略控制功能网元发起会话管理策略关联建立。
可选的，如果在步骤902中终端设备发起的是PDU会话修改流程，则在步骤903中，会话管理功能网元可以向策略控制功能网元发起会话管理策略关联修改流程。
步骤904：策略控制功能网元根据指示信息生成第一QoS流对应的第一PDU会话相关策略和第二QoS流对应的第二PDU会话相关策略。
这里的第一QoS流的优先级可以高于第二QoS流的优先级。
步骤905：策略控制功能网元将第一QoS流和第二QoS流的策略信息发送给会话管理功能网元。
其中，该策略信息可以指示第一QoS流的优先级高于第二QoS流的优先级。可选的，策略控制功能网元可以将第一PDU会话相关策略、第二PDU会话相关策略和数据包序号差值门限发送给会话管理功能网元。
步骤906：会话管理功能网元根据策略信息生成第一QoS流和第二QoS流的相关信息，包含具体的QoS参数与QoS流标识QFI。
步骤907-步骤908可以如图7所示的步骤704-步骤705相同，或者步骤907-步骤908可以如图8所示的步骤804-步骤805相同。
步骤909：用户面功能网元确定第二数据是第一数据的重传数据。
在步骤909中，用户面功能网元可以根据如图7所示的步骤705、或者如图8所示的步骤805-步骤807确定第二数据是第一数据的重传数据。
步骤910：用户面功能网元将第二数据映射至第一QoS流，将第一数据映射至第二QoS流。
步骤911：接入网网元将第一QoS流中的第二数据通过第一QoS流对应的数据无线承载(Data Radio Bearer，DRB)上发送给终端设备，将第二QoS流中的第一数据通过第二QoS流对应的DRB发送给终端设备。
本申请实施例还提供另一种通信方法。参阅图10，是以设备交互角度示出的通信方法的示例性流程图，可以包括以下步骤。
步骤1001：应用服务器通过用户面功能网元向接入网网元发送第一数据。
这里的第一数据中包括第一指示信息，该第一指示信息可以用于指示第一数据的数据包在应用服务器端的发送顺序。该第一指示信息可以是数据包序号或者可以是标识数据包序号的标识信息。例如，该第一指示信息可以是TCP序号，或者可以是标识应用服务器数据发送顺序的标识信息。
可选的，用户面功能网元可以将第一指示信息添加至第一数据的GTP层，发往接入网网元。或者用户面功能网元可以将第一指示信息映射至新的指示信息添加至第一数据的GTP层。
步骤1002：接入网网元根据第一数据中包括的第一指示信息或新的指示信息，确定第一数据的发送优先级。
其中，接入网网元可以根据第一数据的数据包在应用服务器端的发送顺序，确定第一数据的优先级。例如，在应用服务器端先发送的第一数据优先级较高，后发送的第一数据优先级较低。
在一个示例中，可以根据第一指示信息标识的数据包序号，确定第一数据的优先级。其中，数据包序号越小，则第一数据的优先级越高。因此，接入网网元可以根据数据包序号序号由小到大的顺序发送第一数据。其中，远小于相邻数据的数据包序列号的数据可以进行高优先级处理，远大于相邻数据的数据包序号的数据进行低优先级处理。
举例来说，接入网网元分别接收了数据包序号为2、3、4、19、22、6和8的第一数据。接入网网元可以优先发送数据包序号为2、3、4、6、8的第一数据。而这里的数据包序号为19和22的第一数据是乱序数据，且数据包序号远远小于相邻数据的数据包序号，因此可以延迟发送。
另外需要说明的是，接入网网元可以从会话管理功能网元接收第二指示信息。该第二指示信息可以用于指示接入网网元根据传输优先级信息传输数据。在接收到第二指示信息后，接入网网元可以根据第一指示信息进行优先级调度。
以下，通过图11介绍第一指示信息指示第一数据的数据包在应用服务器端的发送顺序时的数据传输方法。图11是以设备交互角度示出的通信方法的示例性流程图，可以包括以下步骤。
步骤1101：应用服务器通过AF request消息将指示信息发送给策略控制功能网元。
可选的，这里的AF request消息中还可以携带数据包序号的标识信息。其中，该标识信息可以是数据包序号的标识，或者可以是数据包序号的标识的映射。该指示信息可以包含流描述信息，用于策略控制功能网元确定流描述信息所对应的业务需要进行优先级的调 度。
步骤1102：终端设备发起PDU会话建立流程，终端设备向会话管理功能网元发送PDU session establishment消息。
可选的，如果终端设备已经与会话管理功能网元建立PDU会话，则步骤1101中终端设备可以向会话管理功能网元发送mo dification request消息，发起PDU会话修改流程。
步骤1103：会话管理功能网元向策略控制功能网元发起会话管理策略关联建立。
可选的，如果在步骤1101中终端设备发起的是PDU会话修改流程，则在步骤1102中，会话管理功能网元可以向策略控制功能网元发起会话管理策略修改流程。
步骤1104：会话管理功能网元将第二指示信息通过接入与移动性管理功能网元发送给接入网网元。
这里的第二指示信息可以用于指示接入网网元根据优先级信息传输数据。可选的，会话管理功能网元可以将数据包序号的标识信息发送给接入网网元与用户面功能网元，使得用户面功能网元与接入网网元可以根据该标识信息传输第一数据。
步骤1105：完成剩余的PDU会话建立流程。
或者，在步骤1104中可以完成PDU会话修改流程。
步骤1106：用户面功能网元将数据包序号或者数据包序号的标识信息携带在第一数据中，发送给接入网网元。
其中，用户面功能网元可以将数据包序号或者数据包序号的标识信息携带在第一数据的GTP层发往接入网网元。
步骤1107：接入网网元根据数据包序号或者数据包序号的标识信息，进行优先级调度。
其中，接入网网元可以按照数据包序号由小到大的顺序，或者标识信息标识的数据包序号由小到大的顺序发送第一数据。其中，如果一个第一数据的数据包序号小于相邻数据的数据包序号，且差值超过预设差值门限，则该第一数据可以进行高优先级处理，即可以优先发送。如果一个第一数据的数据包标识大于相邻数据的数据包序号，且差值超过预设差值门限，则该第一数据可以进行低优先级处理，即可以延迟发送。
基于与上述通信方法的同一技术构思，如图10所示，提供了一种具有通信功能的装置1200。装置1200能够执行上述方法中由用户面功能网元、接入网网元、策略控制功能网元或应用服务器执行的各个步骤，为了避免重复，此处不再详述。装置1200包括：通信单元1210、处理单元1220，可选的，还包括存储单元1230；处理单元1220可以分别与存储单元1230和通信单元1210相连，所述存储单元1230也可以与通信单元1210相连。其中，处理单元1220可以与存储单元1230集成。
所述存储单元1230，用于存储计算机程序；
示例的，该装置1200执行用户面功能网元所执行的各个步骤时，所述通信单元1210用于接收第一数据；所述通信单元1210还用于接收第二数据。所述处理单元1220用于根据第一信息确定所述第二数据是所述第一数据的重传数据。所述通信单元1210还用于向接入网网元发送第一指示信息。其中，第一数据、第二数据以及第一指示信息的描述可以参见如图6至11所示的方法实施例中的相关描述。
在一种设计中，所述通信单元1210还用于从应用服务器接收所述第一信息，所述第一信息包括数据包序号差值门限。
在一种设计中，所述处理单元1220具体用于确定所述第二数据的数据包序号与相邻 数据的数据包序号的差值超过所述数据包序号差值门限。
在一种设计中，所述通信单元还用于从所述接入网网元接收所述第一信息，所述第一信息用于指示对所述第一数据的接收响应。
在一种设计中，所述处理单元1220在根据第一信息确定所述第二信息是所述第一数据的重传数据时，具体用于：确定所述第一信息中不包括所述第一数据的接收响应。
示例性的，所述装置1200执行接入网网元执行的各个步骤时，所述通信单元1210用于接收第一数据；所述通信单元1210还用于接收第二数据。所述通信单元1210还用于从用户面功能网元接收指示信息；所述处理单元1220用于根据所述指示信息确定所述第二数据的发送优先级。其中，所述第一数据、第二数据和指示信息的描述可以参见如图6至图11所示的方法实施例中的相关描述，此处不再赘述。
在一种设计中，所述处理单元1220在根据所述指示信息确定所述第二数据的发送优先级时，具体用于：根据所述指示信息，确定所述第二数据的发送优先级高于所述第一数据的发送优先级。
在一种设计中，所述通信单元1210还用于向所述用户面功能网元发送第一信息，所述第一信息用于指示对所述第一数据的接收响应。所述第一信息的描述可以参见如图6至图11所示的方法实施例中的相关描述。
在一种设计中，所述通信单元1210还用于接收来自会话管理功能网元的第二信息，所述第二信息包括所述指示信息。所述第二信息的描述可以参见如图6至图11所示的方法实施例中的相关描述。
示例性的，所述装置1200执行策略控制功能网元执行的各个步骤时，所述通信单元1210用于从应用服务器接收指示信息；所述处理单元1220用于根据所述指示信息生成第一服务质量QoS流和第二QoS流。所述通信单元1210还用于向会话管理功能网元发送所述第一QoS流和第二QoS流的策略信息。其中，所述指示信息、第一QoS流和第二QoS流以及策略信息的描述可以参见如图6至11所示的相关描述。
示例性的，所述装置1200执行接入网网元执行的各个步骤时，所述通信单元1210用于接收第一数据，所述第一数据包括第一指示信息；所述处理单元1220用于根据所述第一指示信息确定所述第一数据的发送优先级。其中，所述第一数据和第一指示信息的描述可以参见如图6至图11所示的方法实施例中的相关描述。
在一种设计中，所述通信单元1210还用于从会话管理功能网元接收第二指示信息。所述第二指示信息的描述可以参见如图6至图11所示的方法实施例中的相关描述。
示例性的，所述装置1200执行应用服务器执行的各个步骤时，所述处理单元1220用于采用所述通信单元1210通过用户面功能网元向接入网网元发送第一数据，所述第一数据包括第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述第一数据的数据包在所述装置的发送顺序。其中，第一数据和第一指示信息的描述可以参见如图6至图11所示的方法实施例中的相关描述，此处不再赘述。
上述装置还可以为芯片，其中通信单元可以为芯片的输入/输出电路或者接口，处理单元可以为逻辑电路，逻辑电路可以根据上述方法方面所描述的步骤对待处理的数据进行处理，获取处理后的数据。输出电路/接口用于输出处理后的数据。
如图13所示为本申请实施例提供的具有通信功能的装置1300，用于实现上述方法中用户面功能网元、接入网网元、策略控制功能网元和应用服务器的功能。该装置1300可 以是用户面功能网元、接入网网元、策略控制功能网元和应用服务器，也可以是类似用户面功能网元、接入网网元、策略控制功能网元和应用服务器的芯片，或者是能够和用户面功能网元、接入网网元、策略控制功能网元和应用服务器匹配使用的装置。
装置1300包括至少一个处理器1320，用于实现本申请实施例提供的方法中用户面功能网元、接入网网元、策略控制功能网元和应用服务器的功能。装置1300还可以包括通信接口1310。在本申请实施例中，通信接口可以是收发器、电路、总线、模块或其它类型的通信接口，用于通过传输介质和其它设备进行通信。例如，通信接口1310用于装置1300中的装置可以和其它设备进行通信。所述处理器1320可以完成如图12所示的处理单元1220的功能，所述通信接口1310可以完成如图12所示的通信单元1210的功能。
装置1300还可以包括至少一个存储器1330，用于存储程序指令和/或数据。存储器1330和处理器1320耦合。本申请实施例中的耦合是装置、单元或模块之间的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式，用于装置、单元或模块之间的信息交互。处理器1320可能和存储器1330协同操作。处理器1320可能执行存储器1330中存储的程序指令。所述至少一个存储器中的至少一个可以包括于处理器中。
本申请实施例中不限定上述通信接口1310、处理器1320以及存储器1330之间的具体连接介质。本申请实施例在图13中以存储器1330、处理器1320以及通信接口1310之间通过总线1340连接，总线在图13中以粗线表示，其它部件之间的连接方式，仅是进行示意性说明，并不引以为限。所述总线可以分为地址总线、数据总线、控制总线等。为便于表示，图13中仅用一条粗线表示，但并不表示仅有一根总线或一种类型的总线。
作为本实施例的另一种形式，提供一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有指令，该指令被执行时执行上述方法实施例中用户面功能网元侧、接入网网元侧、策略控制功能网元侧或应用服务器侧的方法。
作为本实施例的另一种形式，提供一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，该指令被执行时执行上述方法实施例中用户面功能网元侧、接入网网元侧、策略控制功能网元侧或应用服务器侧的方法。
作为本实施例的另一种形式，提供一种通信系统，该系统可以包括上述至少一个第一用户面功能网元、至少一个接入网网元、至少一个策略控制功能网元和至少一个应用服务器。
应理解，本发明实施例中提及的处理器可以是中央处理单元(Central Processing Unit，CPU)，还可以是其他通用处理器、数字信号处理器(Digital Signal Processor，DSP)、专用集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuit，ASIC)、现成可编程门阵列(Field Programmable Gate Array，FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件等。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器等。
还应理解，本发明实施例中提及的存储器可以是易失性存储器或非易失性存储器，或可包括易失性和非易失性存储器两者。其中，非易失性存储器可以是只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)、可编程只读存储器(Programmable ROM，PROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(Erasable PROM，EPROM)、电可擦除可编程只读存储器(Electrically EPROM，EEPROM)或闪存。易失性存储器可以是随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)，其用作外部高速缓存。通过示例性但不是限制性说明，许多形式的RAM可用，例如静态随机存取存储器(Static RAM，SRAM)、动态随机存取存储器(Dynamic RAM，DRAM)、 同步动态随机存取存储器(Synchronous DRAM，SDRAM)、双倍数据速率同步动态随机存取存储器(Double Data Rate SDRAM，DDR SDRAM)、增强型同步动态随机存取存储器(Enhanced SDRAM，ESDRAM)、同步连接动态随机存取存储器(Synchlink DRAM，SLDRAM)和直接内存总线随机存取存储器(Direct Rambus RAM，DR RAM)。
需要说明的是，当处理器为通用处理器、DSP、ASIC、FPGA或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件时，存储器(存储模块)集成在处理器中。
应注意，本文描述的存储器旨在包括但不限于这些和任意其它适合类型的存储器。
应理解，在本申请的各种实施例中，上述各过程的序号的大小并不意味着执行顺序的先后，各过程的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定，而不应对本发明实施例的实施过程构成任何限定。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统、装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。
所述功能如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)、随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应所述以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (32)

  1. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    用户面功能网元接收第二数据；
    所述用户面功能网元根据第一信息确定所述第二数据是第一数据的重传数据，其中，所述第一数据与所述第二数据均为应用服务器向用户侧发送的数据；
    所述用户面功能网元向接入网网元发送第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述第二数据是重传数据或者所述第一指示信息用于指示所述第二数据的发送优先级。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    所述用户面功能网元从应用服务器接收所述第一信息，所述第一信息包括数据包序号差值门限。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述用户面功能网元根据第一信息确定所述第二数据是所述第一数据的重传数据，包括：
    所述用户面功能网元确定所述第二数据的数据包序号与相邻数据的数据包序号的差值超过所述数据包序号差值门限。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    所述用户面功能网元从所述接入网网元接收所述第一信息，所述第一信息用于指示对所述第一数据的接收响应。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述用户面功能网元根据第一信息确定所述第二数据是所述第一数据的重传数据，包括：
    所述用户面功能网元确定所述第一信息中不包括所述第一数据的接收响应。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一指示信息为第一服务质量QoS流的标识信息，所述第一数据通过第二QoS流发送，所述第一QoS流的优先级高于所述第二QoS流的优先级。
  7. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    所述接入网网元接收第二数据；
    所述接入网网元从用户面功能网元接收第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述第二数据是第一数据的重传数据或者用于指示所述第二数据的发送优先级，其中所述第一数据与所述第二数据均为应用服务器发往用户侧的数据；
    所述接入网网元根据所述第一指示信息确定所述第二数据的发送优先级。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述接入网网元根据所述第一指示信息确定所述第二数据的发送优先级，包括：
    所述接入网网元根据所述第一指示信息，确定所述第二数据的发送优先级高于所述第一数据的发送优先级。
  9. 根据权利要求7或8所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    所述接入网网元向所述用户面功能网元发送第一信息，所述第一信息用于指示对所述第一数据的接收响应。
  10. 根据权利要求7-9任一所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    所述接入网网元接收来自会话管理功能网元的第二信息，所述第二信息包括所述第一指示信息。
  11. 根据权利要求7-10任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一指示信息为第一服务质量QoS流的标识信息，所述第一数据通过第二QoS流发送，所述第一QoS流的优先级高于所述第二QoS流的优先级。
  12. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    策略控制功能网元从应用服务器接收指示信息；
    策略控制功能网元根据所述指示信息生成第一服务质量QoS流和第二QoS流，所述第二QoS流用于发送第一数据，所述第一QoS流用于发送第二数据，所述第二数据是所述第一数据的重传数据；
    所述策略控制功能网元向会话管理功能网元发送所述第一QoS流和第二QoS流的策略信息，所述策略信息用于指示所述第一QoS流的优先级高于所述第二QoS流。
  13. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    接入网网元接收第一数据，所述第一数据包括第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述第一数据的数据包在应用服务器端的发送顺序；
    所述接入网网元根据所述第一指示信息确定所述第一数据的发送优先级。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    所述接入网网元从会话管理功能网元接收第二指示信息；所述第二指示信息用于指示所述接入网网元根据传输优先级信息传输数据。
  15. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    应用服务器通过用户面功能网元向接入网网元发送第一数据，所述第一数据包括第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述第一数据的数据包在所述应用服务器端的发送顺序，所述第一指示信息用于所述第一数据的发送优先级的确定。
  16. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：处理单元和通信单元
    所述通信单元用于接收第二数据；
    所述处理单元用于根据第一信息确定所述第二数据是第一数据的重传数据，其中，所述第一数据与所述第二数据均为应用服务器向用户侧发送的数据；
    所述通信单元还用于向接入网网元发送指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示所述第二数据是重传数据或者所述指示信息用于指示所述第二数据的发送优先级。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的装置，其特征在于：
    所述通信单元还用于从应用服务器接收所述第一信息，所述第一信息包括数据包序号差值门限。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理单元在根据第一信息确定所述第二信息是所述第一数据的重传数据时，具体用于：
    确定所述第二数据的数据包序号与相邻数据的数据包序号的差值超过所述数据包序号差值门限。
  19. 根据权利要求16所述的装置，其特征在于：
    所述通信单元还用于从所述接入网网元接收所述第一信息，所述第一信息用于指示对所述第一数据的接收响应。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理单元在根据第一信息确定所述第二信息是所述第一数据的重传数据时，具体用于：
    确定所述第一信息中不包括所述第一数据的接收响应。
  21. 根据权利要求16-20任一所述的装置，其特征在于，所述指示信息为第一服务质量QoS流的标识信息，所述第一数据通过第二QoS流发送，所述第一QoS流的优先级高于所述第二QoS流的优先级。
  22. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：通信单元和处理单元；
    所述通信单元还用于接收第二数据；
    所述通信单元还用于从用户面功能网元接收指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示所述第二数据是第一数据的重传数据或者用于指示所述第二数据的发送优先级，其中，所述第一数据与所述第二数据均为应用服务器向用户侧发送的数据；
    所述处理单元用于根据所述指示信息确定所述第二数据的发送优先级。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理单元在根据所述指示信息确定所述第二数据的发送优先级时，具体用于：
    根据所述指示信息，确定所述第二数据的发送优先级高于所述第一数据的发送优先级。
  24. 根据权利要求22或23所述的装置，其特征在于，所述通信单元还用于：
    向所述用户面功能网元发送第一信息，所述第一信息用于指示对所述第一数据的接收响应。
  25. 根据权利要求22-24任一所述的装置，其特征在于，所述通信单元还用于：
    接收来自会话管理功能网元的第二信息，所述第二信息包括所述指示信息。
  26. 根据权利要求22-25任一所述的装置，其特征在于，所述指示信息为第一服务质量QoS流的标识信息，所述第一数据通过第二QoS流发送，所述第一QoS流的优先级高于所述第二QoS流的优先级。
  27. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：处理单元和通信单元
    所述通信单元用于从应用服务器接收指示信息；
    所述处理单元用于根据所述指示信息生成第一服务质量QoS流和第二QoS流，所述第二QoS流用于发送第一数据，所述第一QoS流用于发送第二数据，所述第二数据是所述第一数据的重传数据；
    所述通信单元还用于向会话管理功能网元发送所述第一QoS流和第二QoS流的策略信息，所述策略信息用于指示所述第一QoS流的优先级高于所述第二QoS流。
  28. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：处理单元和通信单元
    所述通信单元用于接收第一数据，所述第一数据包括第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述第一数据的数据包在应用服务器端的发送顺序；
    所述处理单元用于根据所述第一指示信息确定所述第一数据的发送优先级。
  29. 根据权利要求28所述的装置，其特征在于，所述通信单元还用于：
    从会话管理功能网元接收第二指示信息；所述第二指示信息用于指示所述装置根据传输优先级信息传输数据。
  30. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：处理单元和通信单元
    所述处理单元用于采用所述通信单元通过用户面功能网元向接入网网元发送第一数据，所述第一数据包括第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述第一数据的数据包在所述装置的发送顺序，所述第一指示信息用于所述第一数据的发送优先级的确定。
  31. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：处理器和存储器，
    所述存储器，用于存储计算机程序或指令；
    所述处理器，用于执行存储器中的计算机程序或指令，使得权利要求1-6任一所述的方法被执行或者使得权利要求7-11任一所述的方法被执行或者使得权利要求12所述的方法被执行或者使得权利要求13-14任一所述的方法被执行或者使得权利要求15所述的方法被执行。
  32. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机可执行指令，所述计算机可执行指令在被计算机调用时，使所述计算机执行如权利要求1-6任一项所述的方法或者执行如权利要求7-11任一项所述的方法或者执行如权利要求12所述的方法或者执行如权利要求13-14任一项所述的方法或者执行如权利要求15所述的方法。
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