WO2022143149A1 - 传输业务的方法和通信装置 - Google Patents

传输业务的方法和通信装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022143149A1
WO2022143149A1 PCT/CN2021/137839 CN2021137839W WO2022143149A1 WO 2022143149 A1 WO2022143149 A1 WO 2022143149A1 CN 2021137839 W CN2021137839 W CN 2021137839W WO 2022143149 A1 WO2022143149 A1 WO 2022143149A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
service
information
indication information
user equipment
data packet
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PCT/CN2021/137839
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
潘奇
黄正磊
倪慧
李永翠
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华为技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2022143149A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022143149A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/20—Control channels or signalling for resource management
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
    • H04W28/0205—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control at the air interface
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/16—Central resource management; Negotiation of resources or communication parameters, e.g. negotiating bandwidth or QoS [Quality of Service]
    • H04W28/26—Resource reservation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
    • H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
    • H04W72/0446—Resources in time domain, e.g. slots or frames
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
    • H04W72/52—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on load

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of communication, and more particularly, to a method and a communication apparatus for transmitting services.
  • Fashion-style control requirements such as second-cutting and second-opening, and fast bit rate adaptive switching are becoming more and more strict on latency and bandwidth. It is difficult to meet the user's media experience requirements simply by relying on the closed-loop control of the media service layer itself.
  • the present application provides a method and a communication device for transmitting services, which can perform air interface radio resource scheduling for upcoming services in advance, which is conducive to the transmission of service data, thereby improving user-side experience.
  • the present application provides a method for transmitting a service, the method comprising:
  • the method may be performed by an access network device, or may be performed by a module or unit included in the access network device.
  • determining that the user equipment requests the first service of the application layer can also be understood as determining the service content or service data of the first service that the user equipment requests for the application layer.
  • the access network device can determine whether the user equipment is requesting the service of the application layer, and when it is determined that the user equipment is requesting the service of the application layer, perform air interface radio resource scheduling for the upcoming service in advance. It is helpful for the transmission of service data, thereby improving the user-side experience.
  • the first data packet includes first indication information
  • the first indication information is from the user equipment
  • the first indication information is used to indicate the user
  • the device requests the first service.
  • the first indication information comes from the user equipment, that is, the user equipment indicates that the access network device is requesting the first service of the application layer, so that the access network device can determine that the user equipment is requesting the application layer For the services that are to come, perform air interface radio resource scheduling for the upcoming services in advance, which is helpful for the transmission of service data, thereby improving the user-side experience.
  • the first indication information transmit or multiplex RRC messages through a radio resource control (radio resource control, RRC) extension message The existing cell transmission in the data; or, through the packet data convergence protocol (packet data convergence protocol, PDCP) layer of the uplink data to expand the bit transmission or multiplex the existing cell transmission of the PDCP layer; or, through the access network bit rate query (access network bit rate request, ANBRQ) extended message transmission or multiplexing the existing cell transmission in the ANBRQ message; ) layer extension bits (or multiplexing TCP layer or IP layer existing cells) are transmitted to the core network equipment, and by the core network equipment through the general wireless packet service tunneling protocol (general packet radio service transmission of N2 message or downlink data) protocol, GTP) layer extension bits (or multiplexing the existing cells of the GTP layer) for transmission.
  • RRC radio resource control
  • the first data packet includes second indication information
  • the second indication information comes from a user plane function network element (user).
  • plane function, UPF plane function
  • the second indication information comes from the UPF, that is, the UPF indicates that the user equipment of the access network device is requesting the first service of the application layer, so that the access network device can determine that the user equipment is requesting the first service of the application layer.
  • the UPF indicates that the user equipment of the access network device is requesting the first service of the application layer, so that the access network device can determine that the user equipment is requesting the first service of the application layer.
  • scheduling the air interface radio resources in advance for the upcoming services is helpful for the transmission of service data, thereby improving the user-side experience.
  • the determining that the user equipment requests the first service of the application layer according to the first data packet includes: according to the first data packet The size of the first data packet determines that the user equipment requests the first service.
  • the access network device determines whether the user equipment is requesting the first service of the application layer, and performs air interface radio resource scheduling for the upcoming service in advance, which is conducive to the transmission of service data, thereby improving the user side. experience.
  • the uplink data packet of the service is basically a service request message except for the acknowledgement (ACK)/negative acknowledgement (NACK) feedback of the TCP layer, it can be judged whether the user equipment is requesting according to the size of the received data packet.
  • ACK acknowledgement
  • NACK negative acknowledgement
  • determining that the user equipment requests the first service according to the size of the first data packet including: according to the size of the first data packet The size of the first data packet satisfies a preset condition, and it is determined that the user equipment requests the first service, where the preset condition is: the size of the data packet is greater than the first load threshold; The size is smaller than the second load threshold; or, the size of the data packet is larger than the first load threshold and smaller than the second load threshold.
  • the method further includes: receiving first information from an application server, where the first information includes the first load gate the limit value and/or the second load threshold value, and third indication information, where the third indication information is used to instruct the access network device to determine whether the user equipment requests the first service.
  • the application server may deliver information related to service transmission to the access network device, so as to ensure that the access network device can perform an optimized operation for the corresponding service.
  • the method further includes: receiving second information from an application server, where the second information includes identification information and the identification The data amount corresponding to the information, and the identification information is used to indicate the code rate.
  • the first data packet further includes fourth indication information, where the fourth indication information is used to indicate the first code rate ;
  • the determining the data volume of the first service requested by the user equipment includes: determining the data volume of the first service requested by the user equipment according to the first code rate and the second information.
  • the fourth indication information comes from the user equipment, that is, the user equipment instructs the access network equipment that it is requesting the code rate of the first service, so that the access network equipment can determine the code rate according to the obtained code rate.
  • the data volume of the first service can be used to schedule air interface radio resources in advance for the upcoming service, which is helpful for the transmission of service data, thereby improving the user-side experience.
  • the second information further includes network requirement information corresponding to the identification information;
  • the data volume of the first service includes: determining the data volume of the first service requested by the user equipment according to network conditions and the second information.
  • the access network device may obtain the code rate according to the network status and the network requirement information corresponding to the identification information, and further determine the data amount of the first service according to the obtained code rate.
  • the access network device can determine the data volume of the first service, and perform air interface radio resource scheduling for the upcoming service in advance, which facilitates the transmission of service data and improves user-side experience.
  • the second information further includes information used to assist in selecting a code rate.
  • the information used to assist in selecting the bit rate may be information related to the media client, such as the processor capability of the media client, the resolution of the client, the refresh rate, and the buffering situation of the media client.
  • the access network device considers the information related to the media client when determining the data volume of the first service, which can make the determined data volume more accurate.
  • the determining the transmission resource according to the data volume includes: determining the transmission resource according to the data volume and time information resource, and the time information is used to indicate an estimated value of the arrival time of the first service.
  • the access network device may also consider the arrival time of the media fragment when determining the transmission resource, which helps to improve the utilization rate of the transmission resource.
  • the present application provides a method for transmitting services, the method comprising:
  • the method may be performed by the UPF, or may be performed by a module or unit included in the UPF.
  • determining that the user equipment requests the first service of the application layer can also be understood as determining the service content or service data of the user equipment requesting the first service of the application layer.
  • the uplink data packet of the service is basically a service request message except for the ACK/NACK feedback of the TCP layer
  • whether the user equipment is requesting media fragmentation can be determined according to the size of the received data packet.
  • whether the user equipment is making a request for the next media fragment is determined according to the load status of the received uplink data packets, thereby determining the media request behavior on the user equipment side and instructing it to the access network equipment, so that the access network device can access
  • the network device can perform pre-scheduling of air interface radio resources to provide guarantee for the subsequent downlink media fragment delivery and transmission.
  • the determining, according to the size of the second data packet, that the user equipment requests the first service of the application layer includes: satisfying according to the size of the second data packet A preset condition, determining that the user equipment requests the first service, wherein the preset condition is: the size of the data packet is greater than the first load threshold; or, the size of the data packet is smaller than the second load threshold ; or, the size of the data packet is larger than the first load threshold value and smaller than the second load threshold value.
  • the method further includes: when detecting the first service, sending a session management function (SMF) to a session management function network element (SMF). ) to send fifth indication information, where the fifth indication information is used to indicate that it is detected that the user equipment accesses the first service.
  • SMS session management function
  • SMF session management function network element
  • the method further includes: receiving third information from the session management function network element SMF, where the third information includes the first load threshold value and/or the second load threshold value, and sixth indication information, where the sixth indication information is used to instruct the user plane function network element UPF to determine whether the user equipment requests the first service .
  • the present application provides a method for transmitting media services, the method comprising:
  • the first data packet includes first indication information and/or fourth indication information, where the first indication information is used to instruct the user equipment to request the first service of the application layer, so The fourth indication information is used to indicate a first code rate, and the first code rate is used to determine the data amount of the first service.
  • the method may be performed by a user equipment, or may be performed by a module or unit included in the user equipment.
  • requesting the first service can also be understood as requesting the first service of the application layer, requesting the service content or service data of the first service, or requesting the service content or service data of the first service of the application layer.
  • the user equipment can directly send the corresponding request information and the requested bit rate information to the access network device when initiating a service request, so that the access network device can specify The network requirements and data volume of the downlink services that will arrive, and air interface resource scheduling is performed in advance to ensure reliable and fast transmission of downlink services.
  • the method further includes: receiving seventh indication information from an application server, where the seventh indication information is used to instruct the user equipment to report the first code Rate.
  • the method further includes: receiving identification information from the application server, where the identification information is used to indicate a code rate.
  • the first indication information and/or the fourth indication information transmit or multiplex RRC messages through RRC extension messages The existing information element transmission in the; Or, through the PDCP layer extension bit transmission of the uplink data or multiplexing the PDCP layer existing information element transmission; Or, through the ANBRQ extension message transmission or multiplexing The existing information element transmission in the ANBRQ message; Or, it is transmitted to the core network device through the TCP layer or IP layer extension bit of the uplink data (or multiplexing the existing information element of the TCP layer or the IP layer), and is extended by the core network device through the N2 message or the GTP layer of the downlink data. Bit (or multiplex GTP layer existing cells) transmission.
  • the present application provides a method for transmitting media services, the method comprising:
  • Identification information is used to indicate the code rate
  • data volume corresponding to the identification information
  • first load threshold value corresponding to the identification information
  • second load threshold value corresponding to the identification information
  • time information a value used to indicate the estimated value of the time when the first service arrives at the access network device.
  • the information used to assist in selecting the bit rate may be information related to the media client, such as the processor capability of the media client, the resolution of the client, the refresh rate, and the buffering situation of the media client.
  • the method may be performed by an application server, or may be performed by a module or unit included in the application server.
  • the information determined and sent by the application server may be different.
  • the description in the specific implementation manner please refer to the description in the specific implementation manner.
  • the application server can deliver information related to service transmission, and can provide corresponding information for the current protocol data unit (PDU) session or future PDU sessions, so as to ensure that the network side can target the corresponding business optimization.
  • PDU protocol data unit
  • the present application provides a method for transmitting media services, the method comprising:
  • identification information Receives at least one of the following information from the application server: identification information, network demand information corresponding to the identification information, data volume corresponding to the identification information, a first load threshold value, a second load threshold value, and time information , and information used to assist in selecting a code rate, the identification information is used to indicate a code rate, and the time information is used to indicate an estimated value of the time when the first service arrives at the access network device;
  • the identification information Send at least one of the following information to the access network device: the identification information, the network requirement information corresponding to the identification information, the data volume corresponding to the identification information, the first load threshold value, and the second load threshold value , time information, third indication information, and the information for assisting in selecting a code rate, or, sending the first load threshold value and/or the second load threshold value to the user plane function network element UPF , and sixth indication information, or, send identification information and seventh indication information to the user equipment, where the third indication information is used to instruct the access network device to determine whether the user equipment requests the first service of the application layer, so The sixth indication information is used to indicate whether the UPF determines whether the user equipment requests the first service of the application layer, and the seventh indication information is used to indicate that the user equipment reports the requested code rate.
  • the information used to assist in selecting the bit rate may be information related to the media client, such as the processor capability of the media client, the resolution of the client, the refresh rate, and the buffering situation of the media client.
  • the method may be performed by the SMF, or may be performed by a module or unit included in the SMF.
  • fourth indication information, sixth indication information and seventh indication information may be determined by the application server, and may also be determined by the SMF, which is not limited.
  • a protocol data unit PDU session is established, a PDU session is modified, or the fifth indication information sent by the UPF is received
  • at least one of the following information may be sent to the access network device: the identification information, The network demand information corresponding to the identification information, the data amount corresponding to the identification information, the first load threshold value, the second load threshold value, the time information, the third indication information, and the code rate for assisting selection information, or, send the first load threshold value and/or the second load threshold value, and the sixth indication information to the user plane function network element UPF, or, send the identification information and the seventh indication information to the user equipment Indication information, where the fifth indication information is used to indicate that it is detected that the user equipment is accessing the first service.
  • the SMF can send the information related to the service transmission received from the application server to the access network device, the UPF or the user equipment, and can provide corresponding information for the current PDU session or the future PDU session, To ensure that the network side can optimize operations for corresponding services.
  • the present application provides a communication device, the device comprising:
  • the transceiver unit is used for receiving the first data packet.
  • a processing unit configured to determine, according to the first data packet, the user equipment requests the first service of the application layer; determine the data volume of the first service requested by the user equipment; determine the transmission resources according to the data volume, the The transmission resource is used to transmit the first service.
  • the apparatus may be an access network device, or may be a module or unit included in the access network device.
  • determining that the user equipment requests the first service of the application layer can also be understood as determining the service content or service data of the first service that the user equipment requests for the application layer.
  • the access network device can determine whether the user equipment is requesting the service of the application layer, and when it is determined that the UE is requesting the service of the application layer, perform air interface radio resource scheduling for the upcoming service in advance, which helps It is used for the transmission of service data, thereby improving the user-side experience.
  • the first data packet includes first indication information
  • the first indication information is from the user equipment
  • the first indication information is used to indicate the user
  • the device requests the first service.
  • the first indication information comes from the user equipment, that is, the user equipment indicates that the access network device is requesting the first service of the application layer, so that the access network device can determine that the user equipment is requesting the application layer For the services that are to come, perform air interface radio resource scheduling for the upcoming services in advance, which is helpful for the transmission of service data, thereby improving the user-side experience.
  • the first indication information is: transmitted through the RRC extension message or multiplexed transmission of the existing cells in the RRC message; or , through the PDCP layer extension bit transmission of the uplink data or multiplexing the existing cell transmission in the PDCP layer; or, through the ANBRQ extension message transmission or multiplexing the existing cell transmission in the ANBRQ message; or, through the TCP layer of the uplink data or IP layer extension bits (or multiplexing TCP layer or existing cells in IP layer) are transmitted to the core network device, and the core network device passes N2 messages or GTP layer extension bits of downlink data (or multiplexing existing GTP layer cells) cell) transmission.
  • the first data packet includes second indication information
  • the second indication information comes from the UPF
  • the second indication The information is used to instruct the user equipment to request the first service.
  • the second indication information comes from the UPF, that is, the UPF indicates that the access network device, the user equipment, is requesting the first service of the application layer, so that the access network device can determine that the UE is requesting the service of the application layer , scheduling the air interface radio resources in advance for the upcoming service, which is helpful for the transmission of service data, thereby improving the user-side experience.
  • the processing unit is specifically configured to: determine, according to the size of the first data packet, that the user equipment requests the first business.
  • the access network device determines whether the user equipment requests the first service of the application layer, and performs air interface radio resource scheduling for the upcoming service in advance, which is conducive to the transmission of service data, thereby improving the user-side experience .
  • the uplink data packet of the service is basically a service request message except for the ACK/NACK feedback of the TCP layer, it can be determined whether the user equipment is requesting media fragmentation according to the size of the received data packet.
  • the processing unit is specifically configured to: determine the user according to the size of the first data packet satisfying a preset condition
  • the device requests the first service, wherein the preset condition is: the size of the data packet is greater than the first load threshold; or, the size of the data packet is smaller than the second load threshold; or, the size of the data packet is greater than The first load threshold value is smaller than the second load threshold value.
  • the transceiver unit is further configured to: receive first information from an application server, where the first information includes the first information The load threshold value and/or the second load threshold value, and third indication information, where the third indication information is used to instruct the access network device to determine whether the user equipment requests the first service.
  • the application server may deliver information related to service transmission to the access network device, so as to ensure that the access network device can perform an optimized operation for the corresponding service.
  • the transceiver unit is further configured to: receive second information from the application server, where the second information includes identification information and all The data volume corresponding to the identification information is used to indicate the code rate.
  • the first data packet further includes fourth indication information, where the fourth indication information is used to indicate the first code rate ; the processing unit is specifically configured to: determine the data amount of the first service requested by the user equipment according to the first code rate and the second information.
  • the fourth indication information comes from the user equipment, that is, the user equipment instructs the access network equipment that it is requesting the code rate of the first service, so that the access network equipment can determine the code rate according to the obtained code rate.
  • the data volume of the first service can be used to schedule air interface radio resources in advance for the upcoming service, which is helpful for the transmission of service data, thereby improving the user-side experience.
  • the second information further includes network requirement information corresponding to the identification information; the processing unit is specifically configured to: according to the The network status and the second information determine the amount of data requested by the user equipment for the first service.
  • the access network device may obtain the code rate according to the network status and the network requirement information corresponding to the identification information, and further determine the data amount of the first service according to the obtained code rate.
  • the access network device can determine the data volume of the first service, and perform air interface radio resource scheduling for the upcoming service in advance, which facilitates the transmission of service data and improves user-side experience.
  • the second information further includes information for assisting in selecting a code rate.
  • the information used to assist in selecting the bit rate may be information related to the media client, such as the processor capability of the media client, the resolution of the client, the refresh rate, and the buffering situation of the media client.
  • the access network device considers the information related to the media client when determining the data volume of the first service, which can make the determined data volume more accurate.
  • the processing unit is specifically configured to: determine the transmission resource according to the data amount and time information, and the time The information is used to indicate the estimated value of the arrival time of the first service.
  • the access network device can also consider the arrival time of the media fragment when determining the transmission resource, which helps to improve the utilization rate of the transmission resource.
  • the present application provides a communication device, the device comprising:
  • the transceiver unit is configured to receive the second data packet from the user equipment.
  • the processing unit is configured to determine, according to the size of the second data packet, that the user equipment requests the first service of the application layer.
  • the transceiver unit is further configured to send a first data packet to an access network device, where the first data packet includes second indication information, and the second indication information is used to instruct the user equipment to request the first service .
  • the device may be a UPF, or a module or unit included in the UPF.
  • determining that the user equipment requests the first service of the application layer can also be understood as determining the service content or service data of the first service that the user equipment requests for the application layer.
  • the uplink data packet of the service is basically a service request message except for the ACK/NACK feedback of the TCP layer
  • whether the user equipment is requesting media fragmentation can be determined according to the size of the received data packet.
  • whether the user equipment is making a request for the next media fragment is determined according to the load status of the received uplink data packets, thereby determining the media request behavior on the UE side and instructing it to the access network equipment, so that the access network
  • the device can perform pre-scheduling of air interface radio resources to provide guarantee for the subsequent transmission of downlink media fragments.
  • the processing unit is specifically configured to: determine that the user equipment requests the first service according to the size of the second data packet satisfying a preset condition, wherein: The preset condition is: the size of the data packet is greater than the first load threshold value; or, the size of the data packet is smaller than the second load threshold value; or, the size of the data packet is greater than the first load threshold value and smaller than the first load threshold value the second load threshold value.
  • the transceiver unit is further configured to: when detecting the first service, send the fifth indication information, where the fifth indication information is used to indicate that it is detected that the user equipment accesses the first service.
  • the transceiver unit is further configured to: receive third information from the session management function network element SMF, where the third information includes The first load threshold value and/or the second load threshold value, and sixth indication information, where the sixth indication information is used to instruct the user plane function network element UPF to determine whether the user equipment requests the first load threshold. a business.
  • the present application provides a communication device, the device comprising:
  • a transceiver unit configured to request a first service; send a first data packet, where the first data packet includes first indication information and/or fourth indication information, and the first indication information is used to instruct the user equipment to request the application layer
  • the fourth indication information is used to indicate a first code rate
  • the first code rate is used to determine the data volume of the first service.
  • the apparatus may be user equipment, or may be a module or unit included in the user equipment.
  • requesting the first service can also be understood as requesting the first service of the application layer, requesting the service content or service data of the first service, or requesting the service content or service data of the first service of the application layer.
  • the user equipment can directly send the corresponding request information and the requested bit rate information to the access network device when initiating a service request, so that the access network device can specify The network requirements and data volume of the downlink services that will arrive, and air interface resource scheduling is performed in advance to ensure reliable and fast transmission of downlink services.
  • the apparatus further includes a transceiver unit configured to receive seventh indication information from an application server, where the seventh indication information is used to indicate that the user equipment reports the the first code rate.
  • the transceiver unit is further configured to: receive identification information from the application server, where the identification information is used to indicate a code rate .
  • the first indication information and/or the fourth indication information transmit or multiplex RRC messages through RRC extension messages The existing information element transmission in the ANBRQ; or, through the PDCP layer extension bit transmission of the uplink data or multiplexing the PDCP layer existing information element transmission; Or, through the ANBRQ extension message transmission or multiplexing the existing information element transmission in the ANBRQ message; Or, it is transmitted to the core network equipment through the TCP layer or IP layer extension bits of the uplink data (or multiplexing the existing information elements of the TCP layer or the IP layer), and is extended by the core network equipment through the N2 message or the GTP layer of the downlink data. Bits (or multiplexed GTP layer existing cells) are transmitted.
  • the present application provides a communication device, the device comprising:
  • a processing unit configured to determine at least one of the following information: identification information, network demand information corresponding to the identification information, data volume corresponding to the identification information, first load threshold value, second load threshold value, time information, and information used to assist in selecting the code rate, the identification information is used to indicate the code rate, and the time information is used to indicate the estimated value of the time when the first service arrives at the access network device.
  • a transceiver unit configured to send at least one of the following information: identification information, network demand information corresponding to the identification information, data volume corresponding to the identification information, first load threshold value, second load threshold value, time information, and information used to assist in selecting the code rate, the identification information is used to indicate the code rate, and the time information is used to indicate the estimated value of the time when the first service arrives at the access network device.
  • the information used to assist in selecting the bit rate may be information related to the media client, such as the processor capability of the media client, the resolution of the client, the refresh rate, and the buffering situation of the media client.
  • the apparatus may be an application server, or may be a module or unit included in the application server.
  • the information determined and sent by the application server may be different.
  • the description in the specific implementation manner please refer to the description in the specific implementation manner.
  • the application server can deliver information related to service transmission, and can provide corresponding information for the current PDU session or future PDU session, so as to ensure that the network side can optimize the operation for the corresponding service.
  • the present application provides a communication device, the device comprising:
  • a transceiver unit configured to receive at least one of the following information from the application server: identification information, network demand information corresponding to the identification information, data volume corresponding to the identification information, a first load threshold value, and a second load gate limit value, time information, and information used to assist in selecting a code rate, the identification information is used to indicate a code rate, and the time information is used to indicate an estimated value of the time when the first service arrives at the access network device;
  • the identification information is used to instruct the access network device to determine whether the user equipment requests the first service of the application layer
  • the The sixth indication information is used to indicate whether the UPF determines whether the user equipment requests the first service of the application layer
  • the seventh indication information is used to indicate that the user equipment reports the requested code rate.
  • the information used to assist in selecting the bit rate may be information related to the media client, such as the processor capability of the media client, the resolution of the client, the refresh rate, and the buffering situation of the media client.
  • the device may be an SMF, or a module or unit included in the SMF.
  • fourth indication information, sixth indication information and seventh indication information may be determined by the application server, or may be determined by the SMF, which is not limited.
  • the transceiver unit may send at least one of the following information to the access network device when establishing a PDU session, modifying a PDU session, or receiving the fifth indication information sent by the UPF: the identification information, the The network demand information corresponding to the identification information, the data volume corresponding to the identification information, the first load threshold value, the second load threshold value, the time information, the third indication information, and the information, or, send the first load threshold value and/or the second load threshold value, and the sixth indication information to the user plane function network element UPF, or, send the identification information and the seventh indication to the user equipment information, the fifth indication information is used to indicate that it is detected that the user equipment is accessing the first service.
  • the SMF can send the information related to the service transmission received from the application server to the access network device, the UPF or the user equipment, and can provide corresponding information for the current PDU session or the future PDU session, To ensure that the network side can optimize operations for corresponding services.
  • the present application provides a communication device, including a processor.
  • the processor is coupled to the memory and can be used to execute instructions in the memory, so that the apparatus executes the method provided in any one of the first to fifth aspects above, or performs any of the first to fifth aspects possible.
  • the apparatus further includes a memory.
  • the apparatus further includes an interface circuit, and the processor is coupled to the interface circuit.
  • the present application provides a processor, including: an input circuit, an output circuit, and a processing circuit.
  • the processing circuit is configured to receive a signal through the input circuit and transmit a signal through the output circuit, so that the processor performs the method provided in any one of the first to fifth aspects, or performs any of the first to fifth aspects method in any of the possible implementations.
  • the above-mentioned processor may be a chip
  • the input circuit may be an input pin
  • the output circuit may be an output pin
  • the processing circuit may be a transistor, a gate circuit, a flip-flop, and various logic circuits.
  • the input signal received by the input circuit may be received and input by, for example, but not limited to, a receiver
  • the signal output by the output circuit may be, for example, but not limited to, output to and transmitted by a transmitter
  • the circuit can be the same circuit that acts as an input circuit and an output circuit at different times.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific implementation manners of the processor and various circuits.
  • the present application provides a processing apparatus including a processor and a memory.
  • the processor is configured to read the instructions stored in the memory, and can receive signals through the receiver and transmit signals through the transmitter, so as to execute the method provided in any one of the first to fifth aspects, or to execute the first to fifth aspects.
  • the method in any one possible implementation manner of the five aspects.
  • the processor is one or more, and the memory is one or more.
  • the memory may be integrated with the processor, or the memory may be provided separately from the processor.
  • the memory can be a non-transitory memory, such as a read only memory (ROM), which can be integrated with the processor on the same chip, or can be separately set in different On the chip, the embodiment of the present application does not limit the type of the memory and the setting manner of the memory and the processor.
  • ROM read only memory
  • the processing device in the thirteenth aspect above may be a chip, and the processor may be implemented by hardware or software.
  • the processor When implemented by hardware, the processor may be a logic circuit, an integrated circuit, etc.; when implemented by software
  • the processor may be a general-purpose processor, which is implemented by reading software codes stored in a memory, and the memory may be integrated in the processor or located outside the processor and exist independently.
  • the present application provides a computer program product, the computer program product comprising: a computer program (also referred to as code, or instructions), when the computer program is run, causes the computer to execute the above-mentioned first aspect to The method provided in any one of the fifth aspects, or the method in any one possible implementation manner of the first aspect to the fifth aspect is performed.
  • a computer program also referred to as code, or instructions
  • the present application provides a computer-readable medium, where the computer-readable medium stores a computer program (also referred to as code, or instruction), when it runs on a computer, causing the computer to execute the above-mentioned first aspect
  • a computer program also referred to as code, or instruction
  • the present application provides a communication system, including at least one of the apparatuses provided in any of the foregoing aspects or possible implementations thereof.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture to which an embodiment of the present application can be applied.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of periodic ON-OFF characteristics of media services.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a method for transmitting a service provided by the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of an application server delivering information related to media transmission according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of a method for transmitting a media service provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic flowchart of a method for transmitting a media service provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic flowchart of a method for transmitting a media service provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic block diagram of a communication apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by the present application.
  • LTE long term evolution
  • FDD frequency division duplex
  • TDD time division duplex
  • UMTS universal mobile telecommunication system
  • WiMAX worldwide interoperability for microwave access
  • 5G system or new wireless (new radio, NR) communication system satellite communication systems, and future mobile communication systems.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture to which an embodiment of the present application can be applied.
  • the network architecture may include: user equipment (UE) 101, (radio) access network (RAN) 102, UPF network element 103, data network (data network) network, DN) network element 104, access and mobility management function (AMF) network element 105, SMF network element 106, authentication server function (authentication server function, AUSF) network element 107, service communication agent (service communication proxy, SCP) network element 108, network data analysis function (NWDAF) network element 109, network exposure function (NEF) network element 110, network element data warehouse function (network function repository function) , NRF) network element 111, policy control function module (policy control function, PCF) network element 112, unified data management (unified data management, UDM) network element 113, application function (application function, AF) network element 114 and the like.
  • UE user equipment
  • RAN radio access network
  • UPF data network
  • data network data network
  • NEF network element 110 NRF network element 111, PCF network element 112, UDM network element 113, AF network element 114 are respectively referred to as UE101, (R)AN102, UPF103, DN104, AMF105, SMF106, AUSF107, SCP108, NWDAF109, NEF110 , NRF111, PCF112, UDM113, AF114.
  • UE101 mainly accesses the 5G network through the wireless air interface and obtains services.
  • the UE101 interacts with the RAN102 through the air interface, and interacts with the AMF105 of the core network through non-access stratum signaling (NAS).
  • NAS non-access stratum signaling
  • (R)AN102 The main function is to provide wireless connection, responsible for air interface resource scheduling of UE access network and air interface connection management, located between UE and core network node.
  • UPF103 The main functions are data packet routing and forwarding, mobility anchors, uplink classifiers to support routing traffic flows to the data network, and branch points to support multi-homed PDU sessions, etc.
  • DN104 It is an operator network that provides data transmission services for users, such as operator services, Internet access, or third-party services.
  • AMF105 responsible for mobility management in the mobile network, the main functions include management of user registration, reachability detection, selection of SMF nodes, and mobility state transition management.
  • SMF106 responsible for session management in the mobile network, the main function is to control the establishment, modification and deletion of sessions, and the selection of user plane nodes.
  • AUSF107 Mainly responsible for providing authentication services.
  • SCP108 Mainly responsible for indirect communication between network elements and corresponding network element services.
  • NWDAF109 responsible for network data collection, statistics, analysis and decision feedback.
  • NEF110 Mainly responsible for opening network capability information or providing external information with external third-party applications.
  • NRF111 It is used for the operator network to open the data in the network to the third-party application server, or to receive the data provided by the third-party application server for the network.
  • PCF112 Policy decision point, responsible for providing policies, such as a quality of service (QoS) policy, a slice selection policy, and so on.
  • QoS quality of service
  • UDM 113 used to store user data, such as subscription information, authentication/authorization information, and the like.
  • AF114 Responsible for providing services to the 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) network, for example, affecting service routing, interacting with PCF for policy control, etc.
  • 3GPP 3rd generation partnership project
  • N1 is the interface between UE101 and AMF105
  • N2 is the interface between (R)AN102 and AMF105, which is used for sending NAS messages, etc.
  • N3 is the interface between RAN102 and UPF103, which is used to transmit the user plane
  • N4 is the interface between SMF106 and UPF103, which is used to transmit information such as tunnel identification information of N3 connection, data buffer indication information, and downlink data notification messages
  • N6 interface is the interface between UPF103 and DN104, using It is used to transmit data on the user plane, etc.
  • N9 is the interface between UPFs.
  • Namf is the service-based interface presented by AMF105
  • Nsmf is the service-based interface presented by SMF106
  • Nausf is the service-based interface presented by AUSF107
  • Nnwdaf is the service-based interface presented by NWDAF109
  • Nnef is the service-based interface presented by NEF110.
  • Nnrf is the service-based interface presented by NRF111
  • Npcf is the service-based interface presented by PCF112
  • Nudm is the service-based interface presented by UDM113
  • Naf is the service-based interface presented by AF114.
  • interfaces between the network elements shown in FIG. 1 may also be point-to-point interfaces, which are not limited.
  • User equipment in the embodiments of the present application may also be referred to as terminal equipment, user, access terminal, subscriber unit, subscriber station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, terminal, and wireless communication device , user agent or user device, etc.
  • the user device may be a cellular phone, smart watch, wireless data card, cell phone, tablet, personal digital assistant (PDA) computer, wireless modem, handheld device, laptop, machine type communication, MTC) terminal, computer with wireless transceiver function, IoT terminal, virtual reality terminal equipment, augmented reality terminal equipment, wireless terminal in industrial control, wireless terminal in unmanned driving, wireless terminal in remote surgery, smart grid wireless terminals in transportation security, wireless terminals in smart cities, wireless terminals in smart homes, wireless terminals in satellite communications (for example, satellite phones or satellite terminals, etc.) and so on.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific technology and specific device form adopted by the user equipment.
  • the access network device in the embodiment of the present application may be a device used to communicate with user equipment, and is mainly responsible for functions such as radio resource management, service quality management, data compression, and encryption on the air interface side.
  • the access network equipment may be a base station (base transceiver station, BTS) in a global system of mobile communication (GSM) system or a code division multiple access (code division multiple access, CDMA) system, a broadband code division multiple access Base station (nodeB, NB) in (wideband code division multiple access, WCDMA) system, evolved base station (evolutional nodeB, eNB or eNodeB) in LTE system, worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) communication
  • CRAN cloud radio access network
  • the access network device may be a terminal that undertakes the function of a base station in D2D communication or machine communication.
  • the access network device may be a network device in a 5G network or a network device in a future evolved PLMN network, or the like.
  • the access network device may also be a module or unit that completes some functions of the base station, for example, may be a centralized unit (central unit, CU), or may be a distributed unit (distributed unit, DU).
  • the embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific technology and specific device form adopted by the access network device.
  • the terminal device and the access device in the embodiments of the present application can be deployed on land, including indoor or outdoor, handheld or vehicle-mounted; can also be deployed on water; and can also be deployed on aircraft, balloons, and artificial satellites in the air.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not limit the application scenarios of the access network device and the terminal device.
  • the terminal device and the access network device in the embodiments of the present application may communicate through licensed spectrum, communicate through unlicensed spectrum, or communicate through licensed spectrum and unlicensed spectrum at the same time.
  • the terminal equipment and the access network equipment can communicate through the frequency spectrum below 6 GHz (gigahertz, GHz), and can also communicate through the frequency spectrum above 6 GHz, and can also use the frequency spectrum below 6 GHz and the frequency spectrum above 6 GHz for communication at the same time.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not limit the spectrum resources used between the terminal device and the access network device.
  • each network element shown in FIG. 1 is only a name, and the name does not limit the function of the network element itself.
  • the foregoing network elements may also have other names, which are not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • some or all of the above-mentioned network elements may use the terminology in 5G, or other names, etc., which will be uniformly described here, and will not be repeated below.
  • the interface between network elements shown in FIG. 1 is only an example. In the 5G network and other future networks, the interface between network elements may not be the interface shown in the figure, and this application does not make any limited.
  • a communication system to which the present application may be applied may include more or less network elements or devices.
  • the device or network element in FIG. 1 may be hardware, software divided by functions, or a combination of the above two.
  • the devices or network elements in FIG. 1 may communicate with each other through other devices or network elements.
  • 5G technology has been implemented because it can enable real-time high-definition rendering in the media industry and greatly reduce the demand for local computing power of devices. 5G technology can enable a large amount of data to be transmitted in real time, reduce network delay, not only meet the requirements of ultra-high-definition video live broadcast, but also enable AR/VR applications with high image quality and delay requirements to develop by leaps and bounds.
  • the proportion of media traffic in the 5G mobile network is expected to exceed 90%, which is the main traffic carried by the mobile network.
  • User media experience largely determines the mobile user's experience of the entire mobile network service; from From the perspective of the business layer, media continues to develop into new media forms such as ultra-high-definition video and 360-degree panoramic VR video.
  • High-bandwidth and real-time control requirements such as second-on-second and second-on-second switching, and fast bit rate adaptive switching are increasingly demanding on latency and bandwidth.
  • the more stringent the requirements the more difficult it is to rely solely on the closed-loop control of the media service layer to meet the user's media experience requirements. Therefore, combining network and media services to improve the service quality of media services and optimize users' video experience through network assistance has become a research hotspot, especially for AR/VR panoramic video streams, 4K/8K ultra-high-definition video streams, etc.
  • HTTP Hyper Text Transfer Protocol
  • MPEG Moving picture experts group
  • HTTP dynamic adaptive streaming media dynamic adaptive streaming over
  • HTTP real-time streaming media HTTP
  • HLS real-time streaming media
  • HTTP-FLV HTTP Flash Video
  • HTTP dynamic streaming HTTP HTTP dynamic streaming
  • the delivery of media services by the server is closely related to the request-reply feature of the HTTP protocol, that is, the delivery of media services strictly depends on the media requests sent by the user-side media client.
  • the user-side media client will perform a periodic ON-OFF behavior as shown in Figure 2, where ON indicates that the client requests a media segment or that the media segment is being downloaded, and OFF indicates that the media segment is being downloaded. There is no interaction between the server and the client, and no media fragments are requested.
  • the user-side media client will send a new media request after a certain period of time, and request it again after a period of viewing, resulting in the periodic ON-OFF as shown in Figure 2 characteristic.
  • a solution for transmitting media services is as follows: a complete media stream will be divided into media stream segments (or media segments) of equal length on the application server (application server, AS) side. Stream segments have different qualities of media streams; when the UE initiates a media stream playback request to the specified global resource locator (uniform resource locator, URL), the application server will return a media description file (media presentation description, MPD), which contains URL information of all quality of all media stream segments; UE-side media client can perceive network conditions according to the average throughput of the transmission control protocol (TCP) layer, and then request the The media stream corresponding to the bit rate, realizes the adaptive bit rate adjustment of the media stream; when the UE side media client cache drops to a certain threshold, it will initiate a new media fragmentation request again to ensure that its cache can be guaranteed to be sufficient and avoid jamming. pause.
  • TCP transmission control protocol
  • the media fragmentation request of the UE-side media client causes the ON-OFF feature of the downstream media stream.
  • the behavior of the UE-side media client's media fragmentation request will be affected by the air interface network status, the UE-side media client buffer state, and user behavior.
  • DRM digital rights management
  • the transport layer is often based on transport layer security (TLS) /Secure socket layer (security socket layer, SSL) secure hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP over TLS/SSL, HTTPS) transmission protocol to ensure the security of data in network transmission.
  • SSL transport layer security
  • HTTP HTTP over TLS/SSL, HTTPS
  • the network side cannot provide reasonable and effective optimization processing for media service transmission, and it is difficult to guarantee the media playback experience of the user side.
  • the present application provides a method and a communication device for transmitting a service.
  • the access network device can determine whether the UE is requesting the service of the application layer, and when determining whether the UE is requesting the service of the application layer In the case of , scheduling the air interface radio resources in advance for the incoming service is helpful to improve the user-side experience.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a method for transmitting a service provided by the present application.
  • the method shown in FIG. 3 may be performed by the user equipment, the access network equipment and the UPF, or may be performed by modules or units in the user equipment, the access network equipment and the UPF.
  • the technical solution of the present application is described below by taking the user equipment, the access network equipment and the UPF as an example as the execution subject.
  • the method shown in FIG. 3 may include at least part of the following.
  • Step 301 the access network device receives the first data packet.
  • Step 302 the access network device determines, according to the first data packet, that the user equipment requests the first service of the application layer.
  • the first service may be the media service mentioned above.
  • steps 301-302 there are many implementations of steps 301-302, which are not specifically limited.
  • steps 301-302 may be implemented in any of the manners 1 to 4 shown in FIG. 3 .
  • the user equipment When the user equipment requests the first service of the application layer, the user equipment sends the first data packet to the access network device, and correspondingly, the access network device receives the first data packet from the user equipment.
  • the first data packet includes first indication information, where the first indication information is used to instruct the user equipment to request the first service.
  • the access network device may determine, according to the first indication information, that the user equipment requests the first service of the application layer.
  • the first data packet may be an RRC message sent by the user equipment.
  • the first indication information is added to the extension bit of the RRC message, or the existing information element in the RRC message is multiplexed as the first indication information.
  • the first data packet may be an uplink data packet
  • the first indication information is transmitted through the PDCP layer of the first data packet.
  • the first indication information is transmitted through the PDCP layer of the first data packet, which can also be understood as adding the first indication information to the PDCP layer extension bit of the first data packet or multiplexing existing cells in the PDCP layer as the first indication information.
  • the first data packet may be an ANBRQ message sent by the user equipment, which can be understood as adding the first indication information to the extension bit part of the ANBRQ message or multiplexing an existing cell in the ANBRQ message as the first indication information.
  • the first indication information comes from the user equipment, that is, the user equipment indicates that the access network device is requesting the first service of the application layer.
  • Step 305 may be performed before step 301 .
  • Step 305 When the user equipment requests the first service of the application layer, the user equipment sends first indication information to the UPF, where the first indication information is used to instruct the user equipment to request the first service.
  • the UPF may send the first data packet to the access network device, where the first data packet includes the first indication information.
  • the access network device may determine, according to the first indication information, that the user equipment requests the first service of the application layer.
  • the user equipment sends the first indication information to the UPF through the TCP layer or IP layer extension bits of the uplink data (or multiplexing the existing cells of the TCP layer or the IP layer); the UPF sends the first indication information to the access network device through the downlink data packet Instructions.
  • the first indication information may be transmitted by sending an N2 message through the SMF, or transmitted by the GTP layer extension bit (or multiplexing the existing cells of the GTP layer) of the downlink data packet.
  • the first indication information comes from the user equipment, that is, the user equipment indicates that the access network device is requesting the first service of the application layer.
  • Steps 306-307 may be performed before step 301 .
  • Step 306 when the user equipment requests the first service of the application layer, the user equipment sends a second data packet to the UPF.
  • Step 307 after receiving the second data packet, the UPF determines that the user equipment requests the first service of the application layer according to the size of the second data packet.
  • the UPF may send the first data packet to the access network device, where the first data packet includes the second indication information.
  • the access network device may determine, according to the second indication information, that the user equipment requests the first service of the application layer.
  • the first data packet may be a downlink data packet. That is to say, the UPF may send the second indication information to the access network device through the downlink data packet.
  • the second indication information can be transmitted by sending an N2 message through SMF, or transmitted through the GTP layer extension bit (or multiplexing existing cells of the GTP layer) of the downlink data packet.
  • the manner in which the UPF determines the user equipment to request the first service of the application layer according to the size of the first data packet is not specifically limited.
  • the UPF determines whether the size of the second data packet satisfies a preset condition. If the size of the second data packet satisfies the preset condition, the UPF determines that the user equipment requests the first service of the application layer; if the size of the second data packet does not meet the preset condition, the UPF determines that the data packet is not used to request the first service of the application layer. Service request message.
  • the preset condition may be that the size of the data packet is greater than the first load threshold value, or the size of the data packet is smaller than the second load threshold value, or the size of the data packet is greater than the first load threshold value and smaller than the first load threshold value.
  • the second load threshold value is data packet load threshold values.
  • the UPF determines whether the user equipment requests the first service of the application layer and indicates to the access network equipment.
  • the UPF may receive sixth indication information from the application server or the SMF, where the sixth indication information is used to instruct the UPF to determine whether the user equipment requests the first service of the application layer.
  • the user equipment When the user equipment requests the first service of the application layer, the user equipment sends the first data packet to the access network device, and the access network device receives the first data packet from the user equipment. In this manner, the first data packet may not be Carry the first indication information. In this case, the access network device may determine whether the user equipment requests the first service of the application layer according to the size of the first data packet.
  • the manner in which the access network device determines the user equipment to request the first service of the application layer according to the size of the first data packet is not specifically limited.
  • the access network device determines whether the size of the first data packet satisfies a preset condition. If the size of the first data packet satisfies the preset condition, the access network device determines that the user equipment requests the first service of the application layer; if the size of the first data packet does not meet the preset condition, the access network device determines that the data packet It is not a request message for requesting the first service.
  • the preset condition may be that the size of the data packet is greater than the first load threshold value, or the size of the data packet is less than the second load threshold value, or the size of the data packet is greater than the first load threshold value and smaller than the first load threshold value.
  • the second load threshold value is data packet load threshold values.
  • the access network device determines whether the user equipment requests the first service of the application layer.
  • the access network device may receive third indication information from the application server or the SMF, where the third indication information is used to instruct the access network device to determine whether the user equipment requests the first service of the application layer.
  • Step 303 the access network device determines the data amount of the first service requested by the user equipment.
  • the access network device may first determine the first code rate, and further determine the data amount requested by the user for the first service according to the first code rate and the data amount corresponding to the first code rate.
  • the access network device determines the first code rate, which is not specifically limited.
  • the access network device may acquire the first code rate from the user equipment. That is, the code rate of the requested first service is determined and reported by the user equipment.
  • the user equipment may determine the first bit rate according to the current network status and the network requirement information corresponding to the identification information, or the user equipment may determine the first bit rate according to the current network status, the network requirement information corresponding to the identification information, and the auxiliary bit rate selection information to determine the first code rate, and carry fourth indication information in the first data packet, where the fourth indication information is used to indicate the first code rate, and the identification information is used to indicate the code rate; After the fourth indication information, the first code rate is determined according to the fourth indication information.
  • the sending of the fourth indication information is similar to the sending of the first indication information, and reference may be made to the relevant description of the first indication information, which will not be repeated here.
  • the access network device may determine the first code rate according to the current network condition and the network requirement information corresponding to the identification information.
  • the network demand information may be bandwidth demand, delay demand, rate demand, and the like.
  • the access network device may determine the first code rate according to the current network condition, the network requirement information corresponding to the identification information, and the information used to assist in selecting the code rate.
  • the information used to assist in selecting the bit rate may be information related to the media client, such as the processor capability of the media client, the resolution of the client, the refresh rate, and the cache condition of the media client.
  • first indication information and fourth indication information may also be carried in different data packets, which are not specifically limited.
  • Step 304 the access network device determines transmission resources according to the data amount requested by the user equipment for the first service, wherein the transmission resources are used for transmitting the first service.
  • the access network device may determine the transmission resource for transmitting the first service according to the data volume and time information requested by the user equipment for the first service, where the time information is used to indicate the arrival time of the first service estimated value of . That is to say, the access network device may also consider the arrival time of the first service when determining the transmission resource.
  • first load threshold value and/or second load threshold value may be predefined, or may be obtained by the access network device or the UPF from the application server, which is not limited.
  • identification information, the network requirement information corresponding to the identification information, and the data amount corresponding to the identification information may be predefined, or may be obtained by the user equipment or the access network equipment from the application server, which is not limited.
  • the above-mentioned time information may be determined by the access network device, for example, the time information is an empirical value set by the access network device; or the time information may also be obtained by the access network device from other network elements, for example, the time information is: Experience points from UPF or from external application servers are not limited.
  • the application server may create a PDU
  • the above information is sent to the access network device or the user equipment when the PDU session is established or the PDU session is modified, or the application server can send the above information to the SMF when the PDU session is established or the PDU session is modified, and the SMF can receive the fifth indication information sent by the UPF.
  • the fifth indication information is used to indicate that it is detected that the user equipment is accessing the first service.
  • the UPF may send fifth indication information to the SMF when detecting that the user equipment accesses the first service.
  • determining that the user equipment requests the first service of the application layer can also be understood as determining the service content or service data of the user equipment requesting the first service of the application layer, and determining that the user equipment is requesting the first service of the application layer. , determine that the user equipment is requesting the service content or service data in the first service of the application layer.
  • the access network device can determine whether the user equipment is requesting the service of the application layer, and when it is determined that the UE is requesting the service of the application layer, perform air interface radio resource scheduling for the upcoming service in advance. It is helpful for the transmission of service data, thereby improving the user-side experience.
  • FIG. 4 to FIG. 7 take the transmission of media services as an example for description.
  • the application server may provide information related to media service transmission to the network side through capability opening, so that the network side can monitor the media service corresponding to the information and perform optimization processing when the media service arrives operate.
  • the information related to media service transmission may include service information, stream description information, threshold information, and the like.
  • the service information may include at least one of the following information: at least one code rate identification information, network demand information corresponding to at least one code rate identification information, respectively, at least one code rate identification information. Select bitrate information.
  • the bit rate identification information is used to identify different bit rates, and can be the index, number, etc. of the bit rate. It can be expressed as 8Mbps, 4Mbps, 2Mbps, 1Mbps.
  • the information used to assist in selecting the bit rate may be information related to the media client, such as the processor capability of the media client, the client resolution, the refresh rate, and the buffering of the media client, etc., depending on the bit rate automatic of the service. Adapt the algorithm logic in the adjustment process.
  • the network demand information corresponding to at least one code rate identification information can also be described as network demand information corresponding to at least one code rate
  • the data amount corresponding to at least one code rate identification information can also be described as at least one code rate corresponding to amount of data.
  • the data amount corresponding to the bit rate identification information may be represented in the form of a table or a key-value pair.
  • 1, 2, 3, and 4 can be used to represent the bit rates of 8Mbps, 4Mbps, 2Mbps, and 1Mbps, respectively; the corresponding data volumes are 16M, 8M, 4M, and 2M, respectively.
  • the amount of data corresponding to the code rate identification information may be as shown in Table 1.
  • Bit rate identification information The amount of data 1 16M 2 8M 3 4M 4 2M
  • the data amount corresponding to the code rate identification information may be expressed as: ⁇ 1,16>, ⁇ 2,8>, ⁇ 3,4>, ⁇ 4,2>.
  • the threshold information is used to distinguish whether the data packet is a media fragmentation request message, for example, the above-mentioned first load threshold value and/or second load threshold value.
  • the above-mentioned information related to media service transmission may be delivered to the access network device and/or the UPF through a PDU session establishment process or a PDU session modification process.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of an application server delivering information related to media transmission according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Step 401 the AF or the AS sends the above-mentioned information related to the media service transmission to the PCF.
  • the PCF receives information related to the transmission of media services from the AF or AS.
  • the AF or the AS may notify the PCF side of the above-mentioned information related to media service transmission through an AF request message (AF request).
  • AF request AF request message
  • the AF can modify the information in the UDR through the AF request message, and then the update of the information in the UDR triggers a notification to the PCF, so that the corresponding information is sent to the PCF side.
  • the PCF may deliver the above-mentioned information related to media service transmission to the access network device and/or the UPF through the PDU session establishment procedure or the PDU session modification procedure.
  • Step 402 the UE sends a PDU session establishment request message or a PDU session modification request message to the SMF. Accordingly, the SMF receives a PDU session establishment request message or a PDU session modification request message from the UE.
  • Step 403 after receiving the PDU session establishment request message or the PDU session modification request message, the SMF initiates a session management policy association establishment (session management policy association establishment) process or a session management policy association modification (session management policy association modification) process to the PCF. .
  • a session management policy association establishment session management policy association establishment
  • a session management policy association modification session management policy association modification
  • the PCF may send the above-mentioned service information, threshold information, corresponding policy control and charging (policy control and charging, PCC) rules to the SMF.
  • policy control and charging policy control and charging
  • the SMF may send service information and/or threshold information to other network elements (eg, RAN, UPF, UE, etc.).
  • network elements eg, RAN, UPF, UE, etc.
  • the SMF may send the threshold information to the UPF, and instruct the UPF to determine whether the UE is requesting media fragments according to the threshold information.
  • the SMF may send the corresponding PDR, the sixth indication information, and the threshold information to the UPF side through the N4 session establishment procedure or the N4 session modification procedure, wherein the sixth indication information is used to indicate that the The threshold information determines whether the UE is requesting media fragments.
  • the SMF may send the threshold information and service information to the access network device, and instruct the access network device to determine whether the UE is requesting media fragmentation according to the threshold information.
  • the SMF may send third indication information, threshold information and service information to the access network device, wherein the third indication information is used to instruct the access network device to determine whether the UE is in the UE according to the threshold information Request media shards.
  • the SMF may send at least one of third indication information, service information, and threshold information to the AMF.
  • the SMF may send at least one of the third indication information, the service information, and the threshold information to the AMF through the N2 SM container.
  • the AMF may send at least one of third indication information, service information, and threshold information to the access network device.
  • the AMF may send the above-mentioned N2 SM container to the access network device through the N2PDU session request message.
  • the SMF may send the service information to the UE, and instruct the UE to report the requested code rate.
  • the SMF may send seventh indication information and/or service information to the UE, where the seventh indication information is used to indicate the UE to report the requested code rate.
  • the SMF may send seventh indication information and/or service information to the AMF.
  • the SMF may send the seventh indication information and/or service information to the AMF through the N1 SM container.
  • Step 406b the AMF sends seventh indication information and/or service information to the access network device.
  • the AMF can send the above-mentioned N1 SM container to the access network device through a NAS message.
  • the access network device may send seventh indication information and/or service information to the UE.
  • the access network device may send the seventh indication information and/or service information through a NAS message.
  • Step 408 each network element completes the remaining PDU session establishment process or PDU session modification process.
  • the information sent by the SMF to the access network device, the UPF, and the UE may be different.
  • the network device sends the threshold information.
  • the threshold information may not be sent to the UPF.
  • the UPF or the access network device determines whether the UE is requesting media fragmentation according to the threshold information
  • the seventh indication information and service information may not be sent to the UE.
  • the SMF may or may not send some or all of the above-mentioned information related to media service transmission to the access network device, the UPF, and the UE.
  • the application server can notify the access network equipment and the core network equipment of the information related to the media service transmission through the network capability open interface and the PDU session establishment or modification process, so that the current PDU session or the future
  • the PDU session provides corresponding information to ensure that the operation can be optimized for the corresponding media service.
  • the access network device can determine whether the UE is requesting new media Perform air interface radio resource scheduling for new media segments.
  • UPF detects whether the UE is requesting a new media fragment
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of a method for transmitting a media service provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the method shown in FIG. 5 can be performed by UE, RAN, AMF, SMF, UPF, or by units or modules in UE, RAN, AMF, SMF, UPF (eg, circuit, chip, system on chip, SOC), etc.), the following description takes the execution subject as UE, RAN, AMF, SMF, and UPF as an example.
  • the method shown in FIG. 5 may include at least part of the following.
  • Step 501 the UE sends an uplink service data packet to the UPF. Accordingly, the UPF receives data packets from the UE.
  • Step 502 the UPF determines whether the UE is accessing the media service according to the received data packet.
  • the UPF may determine whether the UE is accessing the media service according to the PDR packet detection rules from the SMF. For example, the UPF determines whether the UE is accessing the media service according to the IP address, port number and protocol type of the target server.
  • the UPF may further perform step 503 .
  • Step 503 the UPF determines whether the UE is requesting media fragmentation according to the size of the received data packet (or referred to as the load of the data packet).
  • the UPF determines whether the UE is requesting media fragmentation according to the size of the received data packet and a preset condition.
  • the preset condition may be that the size of the data packet is greater than the first load threshold value, or the size of the data packet is smaller than the second load threshold value, or the size of the data packet is greater than the first load threshold value and smaller than the second load threshold value load threshold, etc.
  • the UPF can judge whether the UE is requesting the next media fragmentation according to the size of the received data packet. . For example, when the size of the data packet is greater than the first load threshold, the UPF may determine that the UE is requesting media fragmentation. For another example, when the size of the data packet is smaller than the second load threshold, the UPF may determine that the UE is requesting media fragmentation. For another example, when the size of the data packet is larger than the first load threshold and smaller than the second load threshold, the UPF may determine that the UE is requesting media fragmentation.
  • ACK acknowledgement feedback
  • UPF can determine the size of a data packet based on the total length field of the IP header of the data packet, or based on the storage space occupied by the data packet.
  • the size of the data packet, or other methods that can determine the data packet size or the data packet load situation are not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the UPF may send second indication information to the access network device to indicate to the access network device that the UE is requesting media fragmentation.
  • the UPF may send the second indication information to the access network device through the manner 1 or the manner 2 shown in FIG. 5 .
  • Step 504 the UPF sends the second indication information to the SMF. Accordingly, the SMF receives the second indication information from the UPF.
  • the UPF may send the second indication information to the SMF through the N4 session reporting process.
  • Step 505 After receiving the second indication information sent by the UPF, the SMF sends the second indication information to the access network device.
  • the SMF may send the second indication information to the access network device through an N2SM message.
  • the UPF sends the second indication information to the access network device through the SMF.
  • the UPF may directly send the second indication information to the access network device.
  • the UPF may carry the second indication information in the GTP layer of the downlink data, and send the second indication information to the access network device by sending the downlink data.
  • the downlink data may be downlink data packets, empty packets (or called empty data packets) constructed by UPF, and the like.
  • Step 507 After receiving the second indication information, the access network device may determine that the UE is requesting media fragmentation according to the second indication information.
  • Step 508 the access network device estimates the data volume of the media fragment.
  • the access network device may determine the first code rate according to current network conditions and network requirement information corresponding to at least one code rate identification information in the service information, and/or information used to assist in selecting code rates, And according to the first code rate and the data amount corresponding to at least one code rate identification information in the service information, the data amount corresponding to the first code rate, that is, the estimated value of the data amount of the media fragment, is determined.
  • the network demand information may be bandwidth demand, delay demand, rate demand, and the like.
  • the user equipment may report the requested code rate, that is, the access network device may obtain the first code rate from the user equipment, and according to the first code rate and at least one code rate identification information corresponding to the service information For the data amount, determine the data amount corresponding to the first bit rate, that is, the estimated value of the data amount of the media fragment.
  • the access network device may directly determine the media fragmentation according to the network requirement information corresponding to the maximum code rate and/or the data amount corresponding to the maximum code rate amount of data.
  • Step 509 the access network device reserves transmission resources for the next media fragment according to the data amount determined in step 508.
  • the above-mentioned transmission resources may be air interface transmission resources.
  • the access network device may reserve transmission resources for the next media segment according to the data amount and time information determined in step 508 .
  • the time information is used to indicate the estimated value of the arrival time of the next media fragment. That is to say, the access network device may also consider the arrival time of the media fragment when determining the transmission resource, which helps to improve the utilization rate of the transmission resource.
  • the time information may be determined by the access network device, for example, the time information is an empirical value set by the access network device itself.
  • the time information may also be obtained by the access network device from other network elements, for example, the time information is an empirical value from the UPF or from an external application server.
  • steps 510 and 511 may also be performed.
  • Step 510 the UPF sends fifth indication information to the SMF.
  • the SMF receives the fifth indication information sent by the UPF.
  • the fifth indication information is used to indicate that the UPF detects the media service.
  • the SMF may send part or all of the above information related to media service transmission to the access network device or the UE.
  • the SMF may send service information, threshold information and third indication information to the access network device.
  • the SMF may send the seventh indication information to the UE.
  • the UPF can determine whether the UE is requesting the next media fragment according to the load status of the received uplink data packets, thereby determining the media request behavior on the UE side and instructing it to the access network equipment, so that the access network can
  • the device can perform pre-scheduling of air interface radio resources to provide guarantee for the subsequent transmission of downlink media fragments.
  • the access network device detects whether the UE is requesting a new media fragment
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic flowchart of a method for transmitting a media service provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the method shown in FIG. 6 can be performed by UE, RAN, AMF, SMF, UPF, or by units or modules (eg, circuits, chips, SOCs, etc.) in UE, RAN, AMF, SMF, and UPF.
  • the execution subject is UE, RAN, AMF, SMF, and UPF as an example for description.
  • the access network device detects whether the UE is requesting a new media segment.
  • the method shown in FIG. 6 may include at least part of the following.
  • Step 601 the UE sends an uplink data packet.
  • Step 602 the access network device determines whether the UE is requesting media fragmentation according to the size of the received data packet (or referred to as the load of the data packet).
  • the access network device determines whether the UE is requesting media fragmentation according to the size of the received data packet and a preset condition.
  • the preset condition may be that the size of the data packet is greater than the first load threshold value, or the size of the data packet is smaller than the second load threshold value, or the size of the data packet is greater than the first load threshold value and smaller than the second load threshold value load threshold, etc.
  • the access network device can judge whether the UE is requesting the next data packet according to the size of the received data packet.
  • Media fragmentation For example, when the size of the data packet is greater than the first load threshold value, the access network device may determine that the UE is requesting media fragmentation. For another example, when the size of the data packet is smaller than the second load threshold, the access network device may determine that the UE is requesting media fragmentation. For another example, when the size of the data packet is larger than the first load threshold and smaller than the second load threshold, the access network device may determine that the UE is requesting media fragmentation.
  • the access network device can determine the size of the data packet according to the storage space occupied by the data packet, or determine the size of the data packet or the load of the data packet through other methods. manner, which is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • Step 603 when it is determined that the UE is requesting the media fragment, the access network device may estimate the data amount of the media fragment.
  • Step 604 the access network device reserves transmission resources for the next media fragment according to the data amount determined in step 603.
  • the above-mentioned transmission resources may be air interface transmission resources.
  • step 603 and step 604 reference may be made to the description of step 508 and step 509, and details are not repeated here.
  • steps 605-607 may also be performed.
  • Step 605 the UPF determines whether the UE is accessing the media service according to the received uplink data packet.
  • the UPF may determine whether the UE is accessing the media service according to the PDR packet detection rules from the SMF. For example, the UPF determines whether the UE is accessing the media service according to the IP address, port number and protocol type of the target server.
  • the UPF may further perform step 606 .
  • Step 606 the UPF sends fifth indication information to the SMF.
  • the SMF receives the fifth indication information sent by the UPF.
  • the fifth indication information is used to indicate that the UPF detects the media service
  • the UPF sends the fifth indication information to the SMF side through the N4 session reporting process.
  • Step 607 After receiving the fifth indication information, the SMF may send part or all of the above-mentioned information related to media service transmission to the access network device or the UE. For example, the SMF may send service information, threshold information and third indication information to the access network device. For another example, the SMF may send the seventh indication information to the UE.
  • the access network device can determine whether the UE is requesting the next media fragment according to the load status of the received uplink data packets, thereby determining the media request behavior on the UE side, and further according to the corresponding network demand information , to perform pre-scheduling of air interface radio resources to provide guarantee for the subsequent downlink media fragment delivery and transmission.
  • the UE instructs the access network device to request a media fragment with a specific code rate
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic flowchart of a method for transmitting a media service provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the method shown in FIG. 7 can be performed by UE, RAN, AMF, SMF, UPF, PCF, AF/AS, or by units or modules in UE, RAN, AMF, SMF, UPF, PCF, AF/AS (for example, , circuit, chip, SOC, etc.) execution, the following description will be given by taking the execution subject as UE, RAN, AMF, SMF, UPF, PCF, AF/AS as an example.
  • the UE directly instructs the access network device to request the media fragment and the code rate corresponding to the media fragment.
  • the method shown in FIG. 7 may include at least part of the following.
  • Step 701 the user equipment requests media fragments.
  • the user equipment determines that a new media fragment needs to be requested, it sends a media fragment request message.
  • the user equipment may send first indication information and fourth indication information to the access network device, where the first indication information is used to instruct the user equipment to request a media fragment, and the fourth indication information is used to instruct the user equipment to request a media fragment. Used to indicate the bit rate requested by the user equipment.
  • the user equipment may determine the bit rate of the requested media fragment according to the current network status and the network requirement information corresponding to the identification information, or the user equipment may determine the bit rate of the requested media fragment according to the current network status, the network requirement information corresponding to the identification information, and information used to assist in rate selection to determine the rate at which the media slice is requested.
  • the first indication information and the fourth indication information may be the same information.
  • the user equipment may use an information bit to indicate the code rate of the media fragment requested by the UE and the media fragment of the corresponding code rate that the UE is requesting. piece.
  • the first indication information and the fourth indication information may be different information, for example, the user equipment uses two information bits, one is used to indicate that the UE is requesting a media fragment, and the other is used to indicate the code rate of the media fragment requested by the UE. .
  • the UE can send the first indication information and the fourth indication information, which are not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • it can be implemented by way 1, way 2 and way 3 as shown in FIG. 7 .
  • the user equipment directly sends the first indication information and the fourth indication information to the access network device.
  • the UE may send the first indication information and the fourth indication information to the access network device through an RRC message.
  • the UE may add the first indication information and the fourth indication information to the PDCP layer extension bits of the uplink data, or multiplex existing information elements in the RRC message as the first indication information and the fourth indication information.
  • the first indication information and the fourth indication information are sent to the access network device.
  • the UE may extend the existing ANBRQ message, and add the first indication information and the fourth indication information to the ANBRQ message.
  • the extended ANBRQ message By sending the extended ANBRQ message to the access network device, the first indication information and the fourth indication information are sent to the access network device.
  • Step 703 the UE sends the first indication information and the fourth indication information to the UPF.
  • the UE may put the first indication information and the fourth indication information in the TCP/IP layer of the uplink data (for example, in an option field) and send it to the UPF.
  • Step 704 After receiving the first indication information and the fourth indication information, the UPF sends the first indication information and the fourth indication information to the SMF.
  • the UPF detects the uplink data.
  • it can trigger the N4 session reporting process, so as to send the first indication information and the fourth indication information to SMF.
  • Step 705 After receiving the first indication information and the fourth indication information, the SMF sends the first indication information and the fourth indication information to the access network device.
  • the SMF may send the first indication information and the fourth indication information to the access network device through the N2SM message.
  • the user equipment sends the first indication information and the fourth indication information to the access network equipment through the UPF and the SMF.
  • step 706 the UE sends the first indication information and the fourth indication information to the UPF.
  • the UE may put the first indication information and the fourth indication information in the TCP/IP layer of the uplink data (for example, in an option field) and send it to the UPF.
  • step 707 after receiving the first indication information and the fourth indication information, the UPF directly sends the first indication information and the fourth indication information to the access network device.
  • UPF detects the uplink data.
  • the first indication information and the fourth indication information in the TCP/IP layer of the uplink data can be directly passed through the GTP layer of the downlink data. Sent to the access network device.
  • the user equipment sends the first indication information and the fourth indication information to the access network equipment through the UPF.
  • the access network device may perform step 708 after receiving the first indication information and the fourth indication information.
  • the user equipment may add the first indication information and the fourth indication information to the media fragmentation request message, or may send them independently from the media fragmentation request message, which is not limited.
  • Step 708 After receiving the first indication information and the fourth indication information, the access network device may perform resource pre-scheduling according to the first indication information and the fourth indication information.
  • the access network device may determine, according to the first indication information, that the user equipment is requesting a media segment, and according to the bit rate indicated by the fourth indication information and the data amount corresponding to the bit rate, the next media segment is Reserve transmission resources.
  • the UE may also perform step 709 .
  • Step 709 the UE receives the seventh indication information and service information from the application server.
  • the seventh indication information is used to indicate the code rate requested by the UE to report
  • the service information may include identification information of at least one code rate.
  • the UE may receive the seventh indication information and service information sent by the application server through the application layer information.
  • the UE can directly send the media fragmentation request information and the requested specific media fragmentation code rate information to the access network device when initiating a new media fragmentation request, so that the access network device can Media fragmentation request and bit rate information, specify the network requirements and data volume of the downlink media fragmentation to arrive, and schedule air interface resources in advance to ensure reliable and fast transmission of downlink media fragments.
  • the network elements such as UE, RAN, AMF, SMF, UPF, PCF, AF/AS, etc. in FIG. 4 to FIG. 7 can also be replaced by other network elements with the same or similar functions , which is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the size of the sequence numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the sequence of execution, and the execution sequence of each process should be determined by its functions and inherent logic.
  • the various numerical numbers or serial numbers involved in the above processes are only for the convenience of description, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic block diagram of a communication apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication apparatus 800 may include a transceiver unit 810 and a processing unit 820 .
  • the transceiving unit 810 may include a transmitting unit and/or a receiving unit.
  • the transceiver unit 810 may be a transceiver (including a transmitter and/or a receiver), an input/output interface (including an input and/or output interface), a pin or a circuit, and the like.
  • the transceiver unit 810 may be configured to perform the sending and/or receiving steps in the above method embodiments.
  • the processing unit 820 may be a processor (which may include one or more), a processing circuit with a processor function, etc., and may be used to perform other steps in the foregoing method embodiments except for sending and receiving.
  • the communication device may further include a storage unit, which may be a memory, an internal storage unit (eg, a register, a cache, etc.), an external storage unit (eg, a read-only memory, a random access memory, etc.), etc. .
  • the storage unit is used for storing instructions, and the processing unit 820 executes the instructions stored in the storage unit, so that the communication device executes the above method.
  • the communication apparatus 800 may correspond to the access network device in any one of the above methods, and may perform the operations performed by the access network device in the corresponding method.
  • the transceiver unit 810 is configured to receive the first data packet.
  • the processing unit 820 is configured to, according to the first data packet, determine that the user equipment requests the first service of the application layer; determine the data amount of the first service requested by the user equipment; and determine the transmission resource according to the data amount , the transmission resource is used to transmit the first service.
  • transceiver unit 810 and the processing unit 820 may also perform other operations performed by the access network device in any of the foregoing methods, which will not be described in detail here.
  • the communication apparatus 800 may correspond to the user equipment in any one of the above methods, and may perform the operations performed by the user equipment in the corresponding method.
  • the transceiver unit 810 is configured to request a first service; send a first data packet, where the first data packet includes first indication information and/or fourth indication information, where the first indication information is used to indicate the user
  • the device requests the first service of the application layer, and the fourth indication information is used to indicate a first code rate, and the first code rate is used to determine the data volume of the first service.
  • transceiver unit 810 and the processing unit 820 may also perform other operations performed by the user equipment in any of the foregoing methods, which will not be described in detail here.
  • the communication device 800 may correspond to the UPF in any of the above methods, and may perform the operations performed by the UPF in the corresponding method.
  • the transceiver unit 810 is configured to receive the second data packet from the user equipment.
  • the processing unit 820 is configured to, according to the size of the second data packet, determine that the user equipment requests the first service of the application layer.
  • the transceiver unit 810 is further configured to send a first data packet to the access network device, where the first data packet includes second indication information, where the second indication information is used to instruct the user equipment to request the first service.
  • transceiver unit 810 and the processing unit 820 may also perform other operations performed by the UPF in any of the above methods, which will not be described in detail here.
  • the communication device 800 may correspond to an application server in any one of the above methods, and may perform operations performed by the application server in the corresponding method.
  • the processing unit 820 is configured to determine at least one of the following information: identification information, network demand information corresponding to the identification information, data volume corresponding to the identification information, first load threshold value, second load Threshold value, time information, and information used to assist in selecting a code rate, the identification information is used to indicate a code rate, and the time information is used to indicate an estimated value of the time when the first service arrives at the access network device.
  • the transceiver unit 810 is configured to send at least one of the following information: identification information, network requirement information corresponding to the identification information, data volume corresponding to the identification information, a first load threshold, and a second load threshold value, time information, and information used to assist in selecting a code rate, the identification information is used to indicate the code rate, and the time information is used to indicate an estimated value of the time when the first service arrives at the access network device.
  • transceiver unit 810 and the processing unit 820 may also perform other operations performed by the application server in any of the foregoing methods, which will not be described in detail here.
  • the communication device 800 may correspond to the SMF in any of the above methods, and may perform the operations performed by the SMF in the corresponding method.
  • the transceiver unit 810 is configured to receive at least one of the following information from the application server: identification information, network demand information corresponding to the identification information, data volume corresponding to the identification information, and a first load threshold value , a second load threshold value, time information, and information used to assist in selecting a code rate, the identification information is used to indicate the code rate, and the time information is used to indicate the estimation of the time when the first service arrives at the access network device and is used to send at least one of the following information to the access network device: the identification information, the network demand information corresponding to the identification information, the data volume corresponding to the identification information, the first load threshold, the first load threshold two load threshold values, time information, third indication information, and the information used to assist in selecting a code rate, or send the first load threshold value and/or the first load threshold value and/or the first load threshold value to the user plane function network element UPF Two load threshold values and sixth indication information, or send identification information and seventh indication information to the user equipment, where the third indication information is used to indicate whether
  • transceiver unit 810 and the processing unit 820 may also perform other operations performed by the SMF in any of the above methods, which will not be described in detail here.
  • processing unit may be implemented by hardware or software, or may be implemented by a combination of software and hardware.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by the present application. As shown in FIG. 9 , the communication apparatus 900 can implement the functions that can be implemented by any network element in any of the foregoing method embodiments.
  • Communication device 900 may include processor 910 .
  • the processor 910 may also be referred to as a processing unit, and may implement certain control functions.
  • the processor 910 may be used to control the communication device 900, execute software programs, and process data of the software programs.
  • the processor 910 may also store instructions and/or data, and the instructions and/or data may be executed by the processor 910, so that the communication apparatus 900 performs the above method embodiments method described.
  • the communication apparatus 900 may include a memory 920 on which instructions may be stored, and the instructions may be executed on the processor, so that the communication apparatus 900 executes the methods described in the above method embodiments .
  • data may also be stored in the memory.
  • instructions and/or data may also be stored in the processor.
  • the processor and the memory can be provided separately or integrated together. For example, the corresponding relationship described in the above method embodiments may be stored in a memory or in a processor.
  • the communication apparatus 900 may include a baseband circuit 930, which is mainly used for baseband processing.
  • the communication apparatus 900 may include a radio frequency circuit 940, which is mainly used for transmitting and receiving radio frequency signals and converting radio frequency signals to baseband signals, for example, for sending the BAR frames in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the radio frequency circuit 940 may also be referred to as a transceiver unit, a transceiver, a transceiver circuit, a transceiver, or the like.
  • the communication device 900 may include an antenna 950, which is mainly used for signal transmission and reception.
  • the communication device 900 may include a bus 960 for connecting various parts of the communication device 900 , such as the above-mentioned processor 910 , memory 920 , baseband circuit 930 , radio frequency circuit 940 and antenna 950 .
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device 1000 provided by the present application. For convenience of explanation, FIG. 10 only shows the main components of the communication device 1000 .
  • the communication apparatus 1000 may implement the functions of the user equipment in any of the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the communication device 1000 includes a processor and a memory.
  • the communication device 1000 includes a control circuit, an antenna, and an input and output device.
  • the processor is mainly used to process communication protocols and communication data, control the entire communication device 1000, execute software programs, and process data of the software programs, for example, to support the communication device 1000 to execute the user described in the above method embodiments.
  • the memory is mainly used to store software programs and data.
  • the control circuit is mainly used for the conversion of the baseband signal and the radio frequency signal and the processing of the radio frequency signal.
  • the control circuit together with the antenna can also be called a transceiver, which is mainly used to send and receive radio frequency signals in the form of electromagnetic waves.
  • Input and output devices such as touch screens, display screens, and keyboards, are mainly used to receive data input by users and output data to users.
  • the processor can read the software program in the storage unit, interpret and execute the instructions of the software program, and process the data of the software program.
  • the processor performs baseband processing on the data to be sent, and outputs the baseband signal to the radio frequency circuit.
  • the radio frequency circuit performs radio frequency processing on the baseband signal and sends the radio frequency signal through the antenna in the form of electromagnetic waves.
  • the radio frequency circuit receives the radio frequency signal through the antenna, converts the radio frequency signal into a baseband signal, and outputs the baseband signal to the processor, which converts the baseband signal into data and processes the data .
  • FIG. 10 only shows one memory and a processor.
  • the memory may also be referred to as a storage medium or a storage device, etc., which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the processor may include a baseband processor and a central processing unit.
  • the baseband processor is mainly used to process communication protocols and communication data
  • the central processing unit is mainly used to control the entire communication device 1000.
  • the software program is executed, and the data of the software program is processed.
  • the processor in FIG. 10 integrates the functions of the baseband processor and the central processing unit.
  • the baseband processor and the central processing unit may also be independent processors, interconnected by technologies such as a bus.
  • the communication device 1000 may include multiple baseband processors to adapt to different network standards, the communication device 1000 may include multiple central processors to enhance its processing capability, and the various components of the communication device 1000 may use various bus connection.
  • the baseband processor may also be expressed as a baseband processing circuit or a baseband processing chip.
  • the central processing unit can also be expressed as a central processing circuit or a central processing chip.
  • the function of processing the communication protocol and communication data may be built in the processor, or may be stored in the storage unit in the form of a software program, and the processor executes the software program to realize the baseband processing function.
  • an antenna and a control circuit with a transceiver function may be regarded as the transceiver unit 1010 of the communication apparatus 1000
  • a processor with a processing function may be regarded as the processing unit 1020 of the communication apparatus 1000
  • the communication device 1000 includes a transceiver unit 1010 and a processing unit 1020 .
  • the transceiving unit may also be referred to as a transceiver, a transceiver, a transceiving device, or the like.
  • the device for implementing the receiving function in the transceiver unit 1010 may be regarded as a receiving unit, and the device for implementing the transmitting function in the transceiver unit 1010 may be regarded as a transmitting unit, that is, the transceiver unit 1010 includes a receiving unit and a transmitting unit.
  • the receiving unit may also be referred to as a receiver, a receiver, a receiving circuit, and the like
  • the transmitting unit may be referred to as a transmitter, a transmitter, or a transmitting circuit, or the like.
  • the processor in this embodiment of the present application may be an integrated circuit chip, which has a signal processing capability.
  • each step of the above method embodiments may be completed by a hardware integrated logic circuit in a processor or an instruction in the form of software.
  • the above-mentioned processor may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable circuits.
  • Programming logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components may also be a system on chip (SoC), a central processor unit (CPU), or a network processor (network processor).
  • SoC system on chip
  • CPU central processor unit
  • network processor network processor
  • processor can also be a microcontroller (micro controller unit, MCU), can also be a programmable logic device (programmable logic device, PLD) or other integrated chips.
  • the memory in this embodiment of the present application may be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory.
  • the non-volatile memory may be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically programmable Erase programmable read-only memory (electrically EPROM, EEPROM) or flash memory.
  • Volatile memory may be random access memory (RAM), which acts as an external cache.
  • RAM random access memory
  • DRAM dynamic random access memory
  • SDRAM synchronous DRAM
  • SDRAM double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • ESDRAM enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • SLDRAM synchronous link dynamic random access memory
  • direct rambus RAM direct rambus RAM
  • the present application also provides a computer program product, the computer program product includes: computer program code, when the computer program code is run on a computer, the computer executes any of the foregoing methods to implement For example, operations performed by any network element (eg, user equipment, access network equipment, core network equipment, etc.).
  • any network element eg, user equipment, access network equipment, core network equipment, etc.
  • the present application further provides a computer-readable medium, where the computer-readable medium stores program codes, when the program codes are executed on a computer, the computer is made to execute the foregoing method embodiments.
  • An operation performed by any network element eg, user equipment, access network equipment, core network equipment, etc.).
  • the present application further provides a communication system, which includes one or more network elements in any of the method embodiments.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a communication apparatus, including a processor and an interface; the processor is configured to execute the method in any of the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the processing device may be a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , off-the-shelf programmable gate array (field programmable gate array, FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, can also be system on chip (system on chip, SoC), can also be central processing It can be a central processor unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), a digital signal processing circuit (DSP), or a microcontroller (MCU) , it can also be a programmable logic device (PLD) or other integrated chips.
  • FPGA field programmable gate array
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • FPGA field programmable gate array
  • FPGA field programmable gate array
  • FPGA field programmable gate array
  • FPGA field programmable gate array
  • FPGA field programmable gate array
  • FPGA field programmable gate array
  • a general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like.
  • the steps of the method disclosed in conjunction with the embodiments of the present application may be directly embodied as executed by a hardware decoding processor, or executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor.
  • the software modules may be located in random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory or electrically erasable programmable memory, registers and other storage media mature in the art.
  • the storage medium is located in the memory, and the processor reads the information in the memory, and completes the steps of the above method in combination with its hardware.
  • the memory in this embodiment of the present application may be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory.
  • the non-volatile memory may be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically programmable Erase programmable read-only memory (electrically EPROM, EEPROM) or flash memory.
  • Volatile memory may be random access memory (RAM), which acts as an external cache.
  • RAM random access memory
  • DRAM dynamic random access memory
  • SDRAM synchronous DRAM
  • SDRAM double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • ESDRAM enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • SLDRAM synchronous link dynamic random access memory
  • direct rambus RAM direct rambus RAM
  • the above-mentioned embodiments it may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof.
  • software it can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present application are generated.
  • the computer may be a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, computer network, or other programmable device.
  • the computer instructions may be stored in or transmitted from one computer readable storage medium to another computer readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions may be downloaded from a website site, computer, server or data center Transmission to another website site, computer, server, or data center by wire (eg, coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line, DSL) or wireless (eg, infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.).
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server, data center, etc. that includes an integration of one or more available media.
  • the available media may be magnetic media (eg, floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes), optical media (eg, high-density digital video discs (DVDs)), or semiconductor media (eg, solid state discs, SSD)) etc.
  • the network equipment in each of the above apparatus embodiments completely corresponds to the terminal equipment and the network equipment or terminal equipment in the method embodiments, and corresponding steps are performed by corresponding modules or units.
  • a processing unit processor
  • processor For functions of specific units, reference may be made to corresponding method embodiments.
  • the number of processors may be one or more.
  • a component may be, but is not limited to, a process running on a processor, a processor, an object, an executable, a thread of execution, a program, or a computer.
  • an application running on a computing device and the computing device may be components.
  • One or more components may reside within a process or thread of execution, and a component may be localized on one computer or distributed among 2 or more computers.
  • these components can execute from various computer readable media having various data structures stored thereon.
  • a component may, for example, pass a signal through a local system based on a signal having one or more data packets (such as data from two components interacting with another component between a local system, a distributed system, or a network, such as the Internet interacting with other systems through signals). or remote process to communicate.
  • a signal having one or more data packets (such as data from two components interacting with another component between a local system, a distributed system, or a network, such as the Internet interacting with other systems through signals). or remote process to communicate.
  • B corresponding to A indicates that B is associated with A, and B can be determined according to A.
  • determining B according to A does not mean that B is only determined according to A, and B may also be determined according to A and/or other information.
  • an item includes one or more of the following: A, B, and C
  • the item can be any of the following: A; B, unless otherwise specified. ;C;A and B;A and C;B and C;A,B and C;A and A;A,A and A;A,A and B;A,A and C,A,B and B;A , C and C; B and B, B, B and B, B, B and C, C and C; C, C and C, and other combinations of A, B and C.
  • a total of three elements of A, B and C are used as examples above to illustrate the optional items of the item.
  • the terminal device and/or the network device may perform some or all of the steps in the embodiments of the present application, these steps or operations are only examples, and the embodiments of the present application may also perform other operations or various Variation of operations.
  • various steps may be performed in different orders presented in the embodiments of the present application, and may not be required to perform all the operations in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the disclosed system, apparatus and method may be implemented in other manners.
  • the apparatus embodiments described above are only illustrative.
  • the division of the units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods.
  • multiple units or components may be combined or Can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored, or not implemented.
  • the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, and may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution in this embodiment.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically alone, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the functions, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the technical solution of the present application can be embodied in the form of a software product in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution.
  • the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including Several instructions are used to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application.
  • the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U disk, a removable hard disk, a read-only memory ROM, a random access memory RAM, a magnetic disk or an optical disk and other media that can store program codes.

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Abstract

本申请提供了传输业务的方法和通信装置，在本申请的技术方案中，接入网设备接收第一数据包；根据所述第一数据包，确定用户设备请求应用层的第一业务；确定所述用户设备请求所述第一业务的数据量；根据所述数据量确定传输资源，所述传输资源用于传输所述第一业务。这样，接入网设备可以确定用户设备是否在请求应用层的业务，并在确定UE在请求应用层的业务的情况下，提前为将要到来的业务进行空口无线资源调度，有助于业务数据的传输，从而提升用户侧的体验。

Description

传输业务的方法和通信装置
本申请要求于2020年12月31日提交中国专利局、申请号为202011628681.8、申请名称为“传输业务的方法和通信装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信领域，并且更具体地，涉及传输业务的方法和通信装置。
背景技术
随着业务数据量的激增，业务的传输对通信技术提出了新的需求。例如，媒体行业激增的数据量，尤其是超高清视频、虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)/增强现实(augmented reality，AR)全景视频等新兴媒体流的出现，对网络传输能力提出了前所未有的挑战。从网络层来看，媒体流量在第五代(5th generation，5G)移动网络中的占比预计会超过90％，是移动网络的主要承载流量，用户媒体体验很大程度上就决定了移动用户对整个移动网络业务体验。从业务层来看，媒体不断向超高清视频、360度全景VR视频等新媒体形式发展，秒切秒开、快速码率自适应切换等时尚型控制需求对时延和带宽有越来越严苛的要求，单纯依赖媒体业务层自身的闭环控制难以满足用户的媒体体验要求。
因此，通过网络辅助提升业务的服务质量、优化用户的体验成为研究热点。目前，网络侧还无法给予业务传输以合理、有效的优化处理，难以保障用户侧的体验。
发明内容
本申请提供传输业务的方法和通信装置，能够提前为将要到来的业务进行空口无线资源调度，有助于业务数据的传输，从而提升用户侧的体验。
第一方面，本申请提供了一种传输业务的方法，所述方法包括：
接收第一数据包；根据所述第一数据包，确定用户设备请求应用层的第一业务；确定所述用户设备请求所述第一业务的数据量；根据所述数据量确定传输资源，所述传输资源用于传输所述第一业务。
可选地，该方法可以由接入网设备执行，也可以由接入网设备包括的模块或单元执行。
在本申请中，确定用户设备请求应用层的第一业务，也可以理解为，确定用户设备请求应用层的第一业务的业务内容或业务数据。
在上述技术方案中，接入网设备可以确定用户设备是否在请求应用层的业务，并在确定用户设备在请求应用层的业务的情况下，提前为将要到来的业务进行空口无线资源调度，有助于业务数据的传输，从而提升用户侧的体验。
结合第一方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一数据包包括第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息来自所述用户设备，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述用户设备请求所述第一 业务。
在上述技术方案中，第一指示信息来自于用户设备，也就是说，由用户设备指示接入网设备其正在请求应用层的第一业务，使得接入网设备可以确定用户设备在请求应用层的业务，提前为将要到来的业务进行空口无线资源调度，有助于业务数据的传输，从而提升用户侧的体验。
结合第一方面或上述任意一种可能的实现方式，在另一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一指示信息：通过无线资源控制(radio resource control，RRC)扩展消息传输或者复用RRC消息中的已有信元传输；或，通过上行数据的分组数据汇聚协议(packet data convergence protocol，PDCP)层扩展位传输或者复用PDCP层已有信元传输；或，通过接入网比特速率查询(access network bit rate request，ANBRQ)扩展消息传输或者复用ANBRQ消息中的已有信元传输；或，通过上行数据的传输控制协议(transmission control protocol，TCP)层或网际协议(internet protocol，IP)层扩展位(或者复用TCP层或IP层已有信元)传输至核心网设备，并由所述核心网设备通过N2消息或下行数据的通用无线分组业务隧道协议(general packet radio service transmission protocol，GTP)层扩展位(或者复用GTP层已有信元)传输。
结合第一方面或上述任意一种可能的实现方式，在另一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一数据包包括第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息来自用户面功能网元(user plane function，UPF)，所述第二指示信息用于指示所述用户设备请求所述第一业务。
在上述技术方案中，第二指示信息来自于UPF，也就是说，由UPF指示接入网设备用户设备正在请求应用层的第一业务，使得接入网设备可以确定用户设备在请求应用层的业务，提前为将要到来的业务进行空口无线资源调度，有助于业务数据的传输，从而提升用户侧的体验。
结合第一方面或上述任意一种可能的实现方式，在另一种可能的实现方式中，所述根据所述第一数据包，确定用户设备请求应用层的第一业务，包括：根据所述第一数据包的大小，确定所述用户设备请求所述第一业务。
在上述技术方案中，由接入网设备确定用户设备是否在请求应用层的第一业务，并提前为将要到来的业务进行空口无线资源调度，有助于业务数据的传输，从而提升用户侧的体验。
由于业务的上行数据包除了TCP层的确认(acknowledgement，ACK)/否认(negative acknowledgement，NACK)反馈，基本上就是业务请求消息，因此，可以根据接收到的数据包的大小判断用户设备是否在请求媒体分片。
结合第一方面或上述任意一种可能的实现方式，在另一种可能的实现方式中，根据所述第一数据包的大小，确定所述用户设备请求所述第一业务，包括：根据所述第一数据包的大小满足预设条件，确定所述用户设备请求所述第一业务，其中，所述预设条件为：数据包的大小大于第一负载门限值；或者，数据包的大小小于第二负载门限值；或者，数据包的大小大于所述第一负载门限值且小于所述第二负载门限值。
结合第一方面或上述任意一种可能的实现方式，在另一种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：从应用服务器接收第一信息，所述第一信息包括所述第一负载门限值和/或所述第二负载门限值、以及第三指示信息，所述第三指示信息用于指示由接入网设备确定所 述用户设备是否请求所述第一业务。
在上述技术方案中，应用服务器可以将与业务传输相关的信息下发给接入网设备，以确保接入网设备能够针对对应的业务进行优化操作。
结合第一方面或上述任意一种可能的实现方式，在另一种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：从应用服务器接收第二信息，所述第二信息包括标识信息和所述标识信息对应的数据量，所述标识信息用于指示码率。
结合第一方面或上述任意一种可能的实现方式，在另一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一数据包还包括第四指示信息，所述第四指示信息用于指示第一码率；所述确定所述用户设备请求所述第一业务的数据量，包括：根据所述第一码率和所述第二信息，确定所述用户设备请求所述第一业务的数据量。
在上述技术方案中，第四指示信息来自于用户设备，也就是说，由用户设备指示接入网设备其正在请求第一业务的码率，使得接入网设备可以根据得到的码率，确定第一业务的数据量，从而提前为将要到来的业务进行空口无线资源调度，有助于业务数据的传输，从而提升用户侧的体验。
结合第一方面或上述任意一种可能的实现方式，在另一种可能的实现方式中，所述第二信息还包括所述标识信息对应的网络需求信息；所述确定所述用户设备请求所述第一业务的数据量，包括：根据网络状况和所述第二信息，确定所述用户设备请求所述第一业务的数据量。
可选地，接入网设备可以根据网络状况和标识信息对应的网络需求信息得到的码率，并进一步根据得到的码率确定第一业务的数据量。
在上述技术方案中，接入网设备可以确定第一业务的数据量，并提前为将要到来的业务进行空口无线资源调度，有助于业务数据的传输，从而提升用户侧的体验。
结合第一方面或上述任意一种可能的实现方式，在另一种可能的实现方式中，所述第二信息还包括用于辅助选择码率的信息。
用于辅助选择码率的信息可以是与媒体客户端相关的信息，例如媒体客户端的处理器能力、客户端分辨率、刷新率以及媒体客户端的缓存情况等。
在上述技术方案中，接入网设备在确定第一业务的数据量时考虑与媒体客户端相关的信息，可以使得确定的数据量更为准确。
结合第一方面或上述任意一种可能的实现方式，在另一种可能的实现方式中，所述根据所述数据量确定传输资源，包括：根据所述数据量和时间信息，确定所述传输资源，所述时间信息用于指示所述第一业务的到达时间的估计值。
也就是说，接入网设备在确定传输资源时，还可以考虑媒体分片的到达时间，有助于提高传输资源的利用率。
第二方面，本申请提供了一种传输业务的方法，所述方法包括：
接收来自用户设备的第二数据包；根据所述第二数据包的大小，确定所述用户设备请求应用层的第一业务；向接入网设备发送第一数据包，所述第一数据包包括第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息用于指示所述用户设备请求所述第一业务。
可选地，该方法可以由UPF执行，也可以由UPF包括的模块或单元执行。
在本申请中，确定用户设备请求应用层的第一业务，也可以理解为，确定用户设备请 求应用层的第一业务的业务内容或业务数据。
由于业务的上行数据包除了TCP层的ACK/NACK反馈，基本上就是业务请求消息，因此，可以根据接收到的数据包的大小判断用户设备是否在请求媒体分片。在上述技术方案中，根据接收到的上行数据包的负载状况判断用户设备是否在进行下一个媒体分片的请求，从而确定用户设备侧的媒体请求行为并指示给接入网设备，使得接入网设备可以进行空口无线资源的预调度，为后续下行媒体分片的下发传输提供保障。
结合第二方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述根据所述第二数据包的大小，确定所述用户设备请求应用层的第一业务包括：根据所述第二数据包的大小满足预设条件，确定所述用户设备请求所述第一业务，其中，所述预设条件为：数据包的大小大于第一负载门限值；或者，数据包的大小小于第二负载门限值；或者，数据包的大小大于所述第一负载门限值且小于所述第二负载门限值。
结合第二方面或上述任意一种可能的实现方式，在另一种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：在检测到第一业务时，向会话管理功能网元(session management function，SMF)发送第五指示信息，所述第五指示信息用于指示检测到所述用户设备访问所述第一业务。
结合第二方面或上述任意一种可能的实现方式，在另一种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：从会话管理功能网元SMF接收第三信息，所述第三信息包括所述第一负载门限值和/或所述第二负载门限值、以及第六指示信息，所述第六指示信息用于指示由用户面功能网元UPF确定用户设备是否请求所述第一业务。
第三方面，本申请提供了一种传输媒体业务的方法，所述方法包括：
请求第一业务；发送第一数据包，所述第一数据包包括第一指示信息和/或第四指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示用户设备请求应用层的第一业务，所述第四指示信息用于指示第一码率，所述第一码率用于确定所述第一业务的数据量。
可选地，该方法可以由用户设备执行，也可以由用户设备包括的模块或单元执行。
在本申请中，请求第一业务，也可以理解为，请求应用层的第一业务、请求第一业务的业务内容或业务数据、或请求应用层的第一业务的业务内容或业务数据。
在上述技术方案中，用户设备可以直接在发起业务请求时，将相应的请求信息、以及请求的码率信息发送至接入网设备，使得接入网设备能够根据请求信息与码率信息，明确将要到达的下行业务的网络需求和数据量大小，并提前进行空口资源调度，保障下行业务的可靠、快速传输。
结合第三方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：接收来自应用服务器的第七指示信息，所述第七指示信息用于指示由所述用户设备上报所述第一码率。
结合第三方面或上述任意一种可能的实现方式，在另一种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：从所述应用服务器接收标识信息，所述标识信息用于指示码率。
结合第三方面或上述任意一种可能的实现方式，在另一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一指示信息和/或所述第四指示信息：通过RRC扩展消息传输或者复用RRC消息中的已有信元传输；或，通过上行数据的PDCP层扩展位传输或者复用PDCP层已有信元传输；或，通过ANBRQ扩展消息传输或者复用ANBRQ消息中的已有信元传输；或，通过上行数据的TCP层或IP层扩展位(或者复用TCP层或IP层已有信元)传输至核心网设备，并由所述核心网设备通过N2消息或下行数据的GTP层扩展位(或者复用GTP层已有信 元)传输。
第四方面，本申请提供了一种传输媒体业务的方法，所述方法包括：
确定并发送以下信息中的至少一个：标识信息、所述标识信息对应的网络需求信息、所述标识信息对应的数据量、第一负载门限值、第二负载门限值、时间信息、以及用于辅助选择码率的信息，所述标识信息用于指示码率，所述时间信息用于指示第一业务到达接入网设备的时间的估计值。
用于辅助选择码率的信息可以是与媒体客户端相关的信息，例如媒体客户端的处理器能力、客户端分辨率、刷新率以及媒体客户端的缓存情况等。
可选地，该方法可以由应用服务器执行，也可以由应用服务器包括的模块或单元执行。
需要说明的是，针对不同的技术方案，应用服务器确定并发送的信息可以不同，具体可参见具体实施方式部分的描述。
在上述技术方案中，应用服务器可以下发与业务传输相关的信息，能够为当前的协议数据单元(protocol data unit，PDU)会话或者未来的PDU会话提供相应的信息，以确保网络侧能够针对对应的业务进行优化操作。
第五方面，本申请提供了一种传输媒体业务的方法，所述方法包括：
接收来自应用服务器的以下信息中的至少一个：标识信息、所述标识信息对应的网络需求信息、所述标识信息对应的数据量、第一负载门限值、第二负载门限值、时间信息、以及用于辅助选择码率的信息，所述标识信息用于指示码率，所述时间信息用于指示第一业务到达接入网设备的时间的估计值；
向接入网设备发送以下信息中的至少一个：所述标识信息、所述标识信息对应的网络需求信息、所述标识信息对应的数据量、第一负载门限值、第二负载门限值、时间信息、第三指示信息、以及所述用于辅助选择码率的信息，或，向用户面功能网元UPF发送所述第一负载门限值和/或所述第二负载门限值、以及第六指示信息，或，向用户设备发送标识信息和第七指示信息，所述第三指示信息用于指示由所述接入网设备确定用户设备是否请求应用层的第一业务，所述第六指示信息用于指示由所述UPF确定用户设备是否请求应用层的第一业务，所述第七指示信息用于指示有所述用户设备上报请求的码率。
用于辅助选择码率的信息可以是与媒体客户端相关的信息，例如媒体客户端的处理器能力、客户端分辨率、刷新率以及媒体客户端的缓存情况等。
可选地，该方法可以由SMF执行，也可以由SMF包括的模块或单元执行。
需要说明的是，上述第四指示信息、第六指示信息和第七指示信息可以由应用服务器确定，也可以由SMF确定，不予限定。
在一些实现方式中，可以在建立协议数据单元PDU会话、修改PDU会话或接收到所述UPF发送的第五指示信息时，向接入网设备发送以下信息中的至少一个：所述标识信息、所述标识信息对应的网络需求信息、所述标识信息对应的数据量、第一负载门限值、第二负载门限值、时间信息、第三指示信息、以及所述用于辅助选择码率的信息，或，向用户面功能网元UPF发送所述第一负载门限值和/或所述第二负载门限值、以及第六指示信息，或，向用户设备发送标识信息和第七指示信息，所述第五指示信息用于指示检测到用户设备正在访问第一业务。
在上述技术方案中，SMF可以将从应用服务器接收到的与业务传输相关的信息，发 送给接入网设备、UPF或用户设备，能够为当前的PDU会话或者未来的PDU会话提供相应的信息，以确保网络侧能够针对对应的业务进行优化操作。
第六方面，本申请提供了一种通信装置，所述装置包括：
收发单元，用于接收第一数据包。
处理单元，用于根据所述第一数据包，确定用户设备请求应用层的第一业务；确定所述用户设备请求所述第一业务的数据量；根据所述数据量确定传输资源，所述传输资源用于传输所述第一业务。
可选地，该装置可以是接入网设备，也可以是接入网设备包括的模块或单元。
在本申请中，确定用户设备请求应用层的第一业务，也可以理解为，确定用户设备请求应用层的第一业务的业务内容或业务数据。
在上述技术方案中，接入网设备可以确定用户设备是否在请求应用层的业务，并在确定UE在请求应用层的业务的情况下，提前为将要到来的业务进行空口无线资源调度，有助于业务数据的传输，从而提升用户侧的体验。
结合第六方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一数据包包括第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息来自所述用户设备，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述用户设备请求所述第一业务。
在上述技术方案中，第一指示信息来自于用户设备，也就是说，由用户设备指示接入网设备其正在请求应用层的第一业务，使得接入网设备可以确定用户设备在请求应用层的业务，提前为将要到来的业务进行空口无线资源调度，有助于业务数据的传输，从而提升用户侧的体验。
结合第六方面或上述任意一种可能的实现方式，在另一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一指示信息：通过RRC扩展消息传输或者复用RRC消息中的已有信元传输；或，通过上行数据的PDCP层扩展位传输或者复用PDCP层已有信元传输；或，通过ANBRQ扩展消息传输或者复用ANBRQ消息中的已有信元传输；或，通过上行数据的TCP层或IP层扩展位(或者复用TCP层或IP层已有信元)传输至核心网设备，并由所述核心网设备通过N2消息或下行数据的GTP层扩展位(或者复用GTP层已有信元)传输。
结合第六方面或上述任意一种可能的实现方式，在另一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一数据包包括第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息来自UPF，所述第二指示信息用于指示所述用户设备请求所述第一业务。
在上述技术方案中，第二指示信息来自于UPF，也就是说，由UPF指示接入网设备用户设备正在请求应用层的第一业务，使得接入网设备可以确定UE在请求应用层的业务，提前为将要到来的业务进行空口无线资源调度，有助于业务数据的传输，从而提升用户侧的体验。
结合第六方面或上述任意一种可能的实现方式，在另一种可能的实现方式中，所述处理单元具体用于：根据所述第一数据包的大小，确定所述用户设备请求所述第一业务。
在上述技术方案中，由接入网设备确定用户设备是否请求应用层的第一业务，并提前为将要到来的业务进行空口无线资源调度，有助于业务数据的传输，从而提升用户侧的体验。
由于业务的上行数据包除了TCP层的ACK)/NACK反馈，基本上就是业务请求消息， 因此，可以根据接收到的数据包的大小判断用户设备是否在请求媒体分片。
结合第六方面或上述任意一种可能的实现方式，在另一种可能的实现方式中，所述处理单元具体用于：根据所述第一数据包的大小满足预设条件，确定所述用户设备请求所述第一业务，其中，所述预设条件为：数据包的大小大于第一负载门限值；或者，数据包的大小小于第二负载门限值；或者，数据包的大小大于所述第一负载门限值且小于所述第二负载门限值。
结合第六方面或上述任意一种可能的实现方式，在另一种可能的实现方式中，所述收发单元还用于：从应用服务器接收第一信息，所述第一信息包括所述第一负载门限值和/或所述第二负载门限值、以及第三指示信息，所述第三指示信息用于指示由接入网设备确定所述用户设备是否请求所述第一业务。
在上述技术方案中，应用服务器可以将与业务传输相关的信息下发给接入网设备，以确保接入网设备能够针对对应的业务进行优化操作。
结合第六方面或上述任意一种可能的实现方式，在另一种可能的实现方式中，所述收发单元还用于：从应用服务器接收第二信息，所述第二信息包括标识信息和所述标识信息对应的数据量，所述标识信息用于指示码率。
结合第六方面或上述任意一种可能的实现方式，在另一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一数据包还包括第四指示信息，所述第四指示信息用于指示第一码率；所述处理单元具体用于：根据所述第一码率和所述第二信息，确定所述用户设备请求所述第一业务的数据量。
在上述技术方案中，第四指示信息来自于用户设备，也就是说，由用户设备指示接入网设备其正在请求第一业务的码率，使得接入网设备可以根据得到的码率，确定第一业务的数据量，从而提前为将要到来的业务进行空口无线资源调度，有助于业务数据的传输，从而提升用户侧的体验。
结合第六方面或上述任意一种可能的实现方式，在另一种可能的实现方式中，所述第二信息还包括所述标识信息对应的网络需求信息；所述处理单元具体用于：根据网络状况和所述第二信息，确定所述用户设备请求所述第一业务的数据量。
可选地，接入网设备可以根据网络状况和标识信息对应的网络需求信息得到的码率，并进一步根据得到的码率确定第一业务的数据量。
在上述技术方案中，接入网设备可以确定第一业务的数据量，并提前为将要到来的业务进行空口无线资源调度，有助于业务数据的传输，从而提升用户侧的体验。
结合第六方面或上述任意一种可能的实现方式，在另一种可能的实现方式中，所述第二信息还包括用于辅助选择码率的信息。
用于辅助选择码率的信息可以是与媒体客户端相关的信息，例如媒体客户端的处理器能力、客户端分辨率、刷新率以及媒体客户端的缓存情况等。
在上述技术方案中，接入网设备在确定第一业务的数据量时考虑与媒体客户端相关的信息，可以使得确定的数据量更为准确。
结合第六方面或上述任意一种可能的实现方式，在另一种可能的实现方式中，所述处理单元具体用于：根据所述数据量和时间信息，确定所述传输资源，所述时间信息用于指示所述第一业务的到达时间的估计值。
也就是说，接入网设备在确定传输资源时，还可以考虑媒体分片的到达时间，有助于 提高传输资源的利用率。
第七方面，本申请提供了一种通信装置，所述装置包括：
收发单元，用于接收来自用户设备的第二数据包。
处理单元，用于根据所述第二数据包的大小，确定所述用户设备请求应用层的第一业务。
所述收发单元，还用于向接入网设备发送第一数据包，所述第一数据包包括第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息用于指示所述用户设备请求所述第一业务。
可选地，该装置可以是UPF，也可以是UPF包括的模块或单元。
在本申请中，确定用户设备请求应用层的第一业务，也可以理解为，确定用户设备请求应用层的第一业务的业务内容或业务数据。
由于业务的上行数据包除了TCP层的ACK/NACK反馈，基本上就是业务请求消息，因此，可以根据接收到的数据包的大小判断用户设备是否在请求媒体分片。在上述技术方案中，根据接收到的上行数据包的负载状况判断用户设备是否在进行下一个媒体分片的请求，从而确定UE侧的媒体请求行为并指示给接入网设备，使得接入网设备可以进行空口无线资源的预调度，为后续下行媒体分片的下发传输提供保障。
结合第七方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述处理单元具体用于：根据所述第二数据包的大小满足预设条件，确定所述用户设备请求所述第一业务，其中，所述预设条件为：数据包的大小大于第一负载门限值；或者，数据包的大小小于第二负载门限值；或者，数据包的大小大于所述第一负载门限值且小于所述第二负载门限值。
结合第七方面或上述任意一种可能的实现方式，在另一种可能的实现方式中，所述收发单元还用于：在检测到第一业务时，向会话管理功能网元SMF发送第五指示信息，所述第五指示信息用于指示检测到所述用户设备访问所述第一业务。
结合第七方面或上述任意一种可能的实现方式，在另一种可能的实现方式中，所述收发单元还用于：从会话管理功能网元SMF接收第三信息，所述第三信息包括所述第一负载门限值和/或所述第二负载门限值、以及第六指示信息，所述第六指示信息用于指示由用户面功能网元UPF确定用户设备是否请求所述第一业务。
第八方面，本申请提供了一种通信装置，所述装置包括：
收发单元，用于请求第一业务；发送第一数据包，所述第一数据包包括第一指示信息和/或第四指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示用户设备请求应用层的第一业务，所述第四指示信息用于指示第一码率，所述第一码率用于确定所述第一业务的数据量。
可选地，该装置可以为用户设备，也可以为用户设备包括的模块或单元。
在本申请中，请求第一业务，也可以理解为，请求应用层的第一业务、请求第一业务的业务内容或业务数据、或请求应用层的第一业务的业务内容或业务数据。
在上述技术方案中，用户设备可以直接在发起业务请求时，将相应的请求信息、以及请求的码率信息发送至接入网设备，使得接入网设备能够根据请求信息与码率信息，明确将要到达的下行业务的网络需求和数据量大小，并提前进行空口资源调度，保障下行业务的可靠、快速传输。
结合第八方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述装置还包括收发单元，用于接收来自应用服务器的第七指示信息，所述第七指示信息用于指示由所述用户设备上报所述第一码 率。
结合第八方面或上述任意一种可能的实现方式，在另一种可能的实现方式中，所述收发单元还用于：从所述应用服务器接收标识信息，所述标识信息用于指示码率。
结合第八方面或上述任意一种可能的实现方式，在另一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一指示信息和/或所述第四指示信息：通过RRC扩展消息传输或者复用RRC消息中的已有信元传输；或，通过上行数据的PDCP层扩展位传输或者复用PDCP层已有信元传输；或，通过ANBRQ扩展消息传输或者复用ANBRQ消息中的已有信元传输；或，通过上行数据的TCP层或IP层扩展位(或者复用TCP层或IP层已有信元)传输至核心网设备，并由所述核心网设备通过N2消息或下行数据的GTP层扩展位(或者复用GTP层已有信元)传输。
第九方面，本申请提供了一种通信装置，所述装置包括：
处理单元，用于确定以下信息中的至少一个：标识信息、所述标识信息对应的网络需求信息、所述标识信息对应的数据量、第一负载门限值、第二负载门限值、时间信息、以及用于辅助选择码率的信息，所述标识信息用于指示码率，所述时间信息用于指示第一业务到达接入网设备的时间的估计值。
收发单元，用于发送以下信息中的至少一个：标识信息、所述标识信息对应的网络需求信息、所述标识信息对应的数据量、第一负载门限值、第二负载门限值、时间信息、以及用于辅助选择码率的信息，所述标识信息用于指示码率，所述时间信息用于指示第一业务到达接入网设备的时间的估计值。
用于辅助选择码率的信息可以是与媒体客户端相关的信息，例如媒体客户端的处理器能力、客户端分辨率、刷新率以及媒体客户端的缓存情况等。
可选地，该装置可以为应用服务器，也可以为应用服务器包括的模块或单元。
需要说明的是，针对不同的技术方案，应用服务器确定并发送的信息可以不同，具体可参见具体实施方式部分的描述。
在上述技术方案中，应用服务器可以下发与业务传输相关的信息，能够为当前的PDU会话或者未来的PDU会话提供相应的信息，以确保网络侧能够针对对应的业务进行优化操作。
第十方面，本申请提供了一种通信的装置，所述装置包括：
收发单元，用于接收来自应用服务器的以下信息中的至少一个：标识信息、所述标识信息对应的网络需求信息、所述标识信息对应的数据量、第一负载门限值、第二负载门限值、时间信息、以及用于辅助选择码率的信息，所述标识信息用于指示码率，所述时间信息用于指示第一业务到达接入网设备的时间的估计值；
以及用于向接入网设备发送以下信息中的至少一个：所述标识信息、所述标识信息对应的网络需求信息、所述标识信息对应的数据量、第一负载门限值、第二负载门限值、时间信息、第三指示信息、以及所述用于辅助选择码率的信息，或，向UPF发送所述第一负载门限值和/或所述第二负载门限值、以及第六指示信息，或，向用户设备发送标识信息和第七指示信息，所述第三指示信息用于指示由所述接入网设备确定用户设备是否请求应用层的第一业务，所述第六指示信息用于指示由所述UPF确定用户设备是否请求应用层的第一业务，所述第七指示信息用于指示有所述用户设备上报请求的码率。
用于辅助选择码率的信息可以是与媒体客户端相关的信息，例如媒体客户端的处理器能力、客户端分辨率、刷新率以及媒体客户端的缓存情况等。
可选地，该装置可以是SMF，也可以是SMF包括的模块或单元。
需要说明的是，上述第四指示信息、第六指示信息和第七指示信息可以由应用服务器确定，也可以由SMF确定，不予限定。
在一些实现方式中，收发单元可以在建立PDU会话、修改PDU会话或接收到所述UPF发送的第五指示信息时，向接入网设备发送以下信息中的至少一个：所述标识信息、所述标识信息对应的网络需求信息、所述标识信息对应的数据量、第一负载门限值、第二负载门限值、时间信息、第三指示信息、以及所述用于辅助选择码率的信息，或，向用户面功能网元UPF发送所述第一负载门限值和/或所述第二负载门限值、以及第六指示信息，或，向用户设备发送标识信息和第七指示信息，所述第五指示信息用于指示检测到用户设备正在访问第一业务。
在上述技术方案中，SMF可以将从应用服务器接收到的与业务传输相关的信息，发送给接入网设备、UPF或用户设备，能够为当前的PDU会话或者未来的PDU会话提供相应的信息，以确保网络侧能够针对对应的业务进行优化操作。
第十一方面，本申请提供了一种通信装置，包括处理器。该处理器与存储器耦合，可用于执行存储器中的指令，以使得该装置执行上述第一方面至第五方面中任一方面提供的方法，或执行第一方面至第五方面中任一种可能实现方式中的方法。可选地，该装置还包括存储器。可选地，该装置还包括接口电路，处理器与接口电路耦合。
第十二方面，本申请提供了一种处理器，包括：输入电路、输出电路和处理电路。该处理电路用于通过该输入电路接收信号，并通过该输出电路发射信号，使得该处理器执行第一方面至第五方面中任一方面提供的方法，或执行第一方面至第五方面中任一种可能实现方式中的方法。
在具体实现过程中，上述处理器可以为芯片，输入电路可以为输入管脚，输出电路可以为输出管脚，处理电路可以为晶体管、门电路、触发器和各种逻辑电路等。输入电路所接收的输入的信号可以是由例如但不限于接收器接收并输入的，输出电路所输出的信号可以是例如但不限于输出给发射器并由发射器发射的，且输入电路和输出电路可以是同一电路，该电路在不同的时刻分别用作输入电路和输出电路。本申请实施例对处理器及各种电路的具体实现方式不做限定。
第十三方面，本申请提供了一种处理装置，包括处理器和存储器。该处理器用于读取存储器中存储的指令，并可通过接收器接收信号，通过发射器发射信号，以执行第一方面至第五方面中任一方面提供的方法，或执行第一方面至第五方面中任一种可能实现方式中的方法。
可选地，该处理器为一个或多个，该存储器为一个或多个。
可选地，该存储器可以与该处理器集成在一起，或者该存储器与处理器分离设置。
在具体实现过程中，存储器可以为非瞬时性(non-transitory)存储器，例如只读存储器(read only memory，ROM)，其可以与处理器集成在同一块芯片上，也可以分别设置在不同的芯片上，本申请实施例对存储器的类型以及存储器与处理器的设置方式不做限定。
上述第十三方面中的处理装置可以是一个芯片，该处理器可以通过硬件来实现也可以 通过软件来实现，当通过硬件实现时，该处理器可以是逻辑电路、集成电路等；当通过软件来实现时，该处理器可以是一个通用处理器，通过读取存储器中存储的软件代码来实现，该存储器可以集成在处理器中，可以位于该处理器之外，独立存在。
第十四方面，本申请提供了一种计算机程序产品，该计算机程序产品包括：计算机程序(也可以称为代码，或指令)，当该计算机程序被运行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面至第五方面中任一方面提供的方法，或执行第一方面至第五方面中任一种可能实现方式中的方法。
第十五方面，本申请提供了一种计算机可读介质，该计算机可读介质存储有计算机程序(也可以称为代码，或指令)当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面至第五方面中任一方面提供的方法，或执行第一方面至第五方面中任一种可能实现方式中的方法。
第十六方面，本申请提供了一种通信系统，包括上述任一方面或其可能的实现方式中提供的装置中的至少一个。
附图说明
图1是可以应用本申请实施例的网络架构的示意图。
图2是媒体业务周期性ON-OFF特性的示意图。
图3是本申请提供的传输业务的方法的示意性流程图。
图4是本申请实施例应用服务器下发与媒体传输相关的信息的示意性流程图。
图5是本申请实施例提供的传输媒体业务的方法的示意性流程图。
图6是本申请实施例提供的传输媒体业务的方法的示意性流程图。
图7是本申请实施例提供的传输媒体业务的方法的示意性流程图。
图8是本申请实施例提供的通信装置的示意性框图。
图9是本申请提供的一种通信装置的结构示意图。
图10为本申请提供的一种通信装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图，对本申请中的技术方案进行描述。
本申请实施例的技术方案可以应用于各种通信系统，例如：长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)系统、LTE频分双工(frequency division duplex，FDD)系统、LTE时分双工(time division duplex，TDD)、通用移动通信系统(universal mobile telecommunication system，UMTS)、全球互联微波接入(worldwide interoperability for microwave access，WiMAX)通信系统、5G系统或新无线(new radio，NR)通信系统、卫星通信系统、以及未来的移动通信系统等。
图1是可以应用本申请实施例的网络架构的示意图。以5G网络架构为例，该网络架构可以包括：用户设备(user equipment，UE)101、(无线)接入网设备((radio)access network，RAN)102、UPF网元103、数据网络(data network，DN)网元104、接入和移动管理功能(access and mobility management function，AMF)网元105、SMF网元106、鉴权服务器功能(authentication server function，AUSF)网元107、服务通信代理(service  communication proxy，SCP)网元108、网络数据分析功能(network data analytics function，NWDAF)网元109、网络开放功能(network exposure function，NEF)网元110、网元数据仓库功能(network functionrepository function，NRF)网元111、策略控制功能模块(policy control function，PCF)网元112、统一数据管理(unified data management，UDM)网元113、应用功能(application function，AF)网元114等。
下述将用户设备101、(无线)接入网设备102、UPF网元103、DN网元104、AMF网元105、SMF网元106、AUSF网元107、SCP网元108、NWDAF网元109、NEF网元110、NRF网元111、PCF网元112、UDM网元113、AF网元114分别简称为UE101、(R)AN102、UPF103、DN104、AMF105、SMF106、AUSF107、SCP108、NWDAF109、NEF110、NRF111、PCF112、UDM113、AF114。
其中：
UE101：主要通过无线空口接入5G网络并获得服务，UE101通过空口和RAN102进行交互，通过非接入层信令(non-access stratum，NAS)和核心网的AMF105进行交互。
(R)AN102：主要功能是提供无线连接，负责UE接入网络的空口资源调度和空口的连接管理，位于UE和核心网节点之间。
UPF103：主要功能是数据包路由和转发、移动性锚点、上行分类器来支持路由业务流到数据网络、以及分支点来支持多归属PDU会话等。
DN104：是为用户提供数据传输服务的运营商网络，例如运营商服务、互联网接入或者第三方服务等。
AMF105：负责移动网络中的移动性管理，主要功能包含管理用户注册、可达性检测、SMF节点的选择、以及移动状态转换管理等。
SMF106：负责移动网络中的会话管理，主要功能是控制会话的建立、修改和删除，用户面节点的选择等。
AUSF107：主要负责提供鉴权服务。
SCP108：主要负责网元与对应网元服务之间的间接通信。
NWDAF109：负责网络数据采集、统计、分析与决策反馈。
NEF110：主要负责与外部第三方应用之间进行网络能力信息开放或外部信息提供。
NRF111：用于运营商网络将网络中的数据开放给第三方应用服务器，或接收第三方应用服务器为网络提供的数据。
PCF112：策略决策点，负责提供策略，例如，服务质量(quality of service，QoS)策略、切片选择策略等。
UDM113：用于存储用户数据，例如，签约信息、鉴权/授权信息等。
AF114：负责向第三代合作伙伴项目(the 3rd generation partnership project，3GPP)网络提供业务，例如，影响业务路由、与PCF之间交互以进行策略控制等。
在该网络架构中，N1为UE101和AMF105之间的接口，N2为(R)AN102和AMF105的接口，用于NAS消息的发送等；N3为RAN102和UPF103之间的接口，用于传输用户面的数据等；N4为SMF106和UPF103之间的接口，用于传输例如N3连接的隧道标识信息，数据缓存指示信息，以及下行数据通知消息等信息；N6接口为UPF103和DN104之间的接口，用于传输用户面的数据等；N9为UPF之间的接口。Namf为AMF105展现的 基于服务的接口，Nsmf为SMF106展现的基于服务的接口，Nausf为AUSF107展现的基于服务的接口，Nnwdaf为NWDAF109展现的基于服务的接口，Nnef为NEF110展现的基于服务的接口，Nnrf为NRF111展现的基于服务的接口，Npcf为PCF112展现的基于服务的接口，Nudm为UDM113展现的基于服务的接口，Naf为AF114展现的基于服务的接口。
需要说明的是，图1所示的各网元之间的接口还可以是点对点的接口，不予限定。
本申请实施例中的用户设备也可以称为终端设备、用户、接入终端、用户单元、用户站、移动站、移动台、远方站、远程终端、移动设备、用户终端、终端、无线通信设备、用户代理或用户装置等。用户设备可以是蜂窝电话、智能手表、无线数据卡、手机、平板电脑、个人数字助理(personal digital assistant，PDA)电脑、无线调制解调器、手持设备、膝上型电脑、机器类型通信(machine type communication，MTC)终端、带无线收发功能的电脑、物联网终端、虚拟现实终端设备、增强现实终端设备、工业控制中的无线终端、无人驾驶中的无线终端、远程手术中的无线终端、智能电网中的无线终端、运输安全中的无线终端、智慧城市中的无线终端、智慧家庭中的无线终端、卫星通信中的无线终端(例如，卫星电话或卫星终端等)等等。本申请的实施例对用户设备所采用的具体技术和具体设备形态不做限定。
本申请实施例中的接入网设备可以是用于与用户设备通信的设备，主要负责空口侧的无线资源管理、服务质量管理、数据压缩和加密等功能。该接入网设备可以是全球移动通讯(global system of mobile communication，GSM)系统或码分多址(code division multiple access，CDMA)系统中的基站(base transceiver station，BTS)、宽带码分多址(wideband code division multiple access，WCDMA)系统中的基站(nodeB，NB)、LTE系统中的演进型基站(evolutional nodeB，eNB或eNodeB)、全球互联微波接入(worldwide interoperability for microwave access，WiMAX)通信系统中的基站、云无线接入网络(cloud radio access network，CRAN)场景下的无线控制器、无线高保真(wireless fidelity)系统的中接入点、中继站、车载设备或者可穿戴设备等。或者接入网设备可以为D2D通信或机器通信中承担基站功能的终端。或者接入网设备可以为5G网络中的网络设备或者未来演进的PLMN网络中的网络设备等。此外，接入网设备也可以是完成基站部分功能的模块或单元，例如，可以是集中式单元(central unit，CU)，也可以是分布式单元(distributed unit，DU)。本申请的实施例对接入网设备所采用的具体技术和具体设备形态不做限定。
本申请实施例的终端设备和接入设备可以部署在陆地上，包括室内或室外、手持或车载；也可以部署在水面上；还可以部署在空中的飞机、气球和人造卫星上。本申请的实施例对接入网设备和终端设备的应用场景不做限定。
本申请实施例的终端设备和接入网设备之间可以通过授权频谱进行通信，也可以通过免授权频谱进行通信，也可以同时通过授权频谱和免授权频谱进行通信。终端设备和接入网设备之间可以通过6千兆赫(gigahertz，GHz)以下的频谱进行通信，也可以通过6GHz以上的频谱进行通信，还可以同时使用6GHz以下的频谱和6GHz以上的频谱进行通信。本申请的实施例对终端设备和接入网设备之间所使用的频谱资源不做限定。
应理解，图1所示的各个网元的命名仅是一个名字，名字对网元本身的功能不构成限定。在不同的网络中，上述各个网元也可以是其他的名字，本申请实施例对此不作具体限 定。例如，在6G网络中，上述各个网元中的部分或全部可以沿用5G中的术语，也可能是其他命名，等等，在此进行统一说明，以下不再赘述。类似地，图1所示的网元之间的接口仅是一个示例，在5G网络以及未来其它的网络中，网元之间的接口也可以不是图中所示的接口，本申请对此不作限定。还应理解，本申请实施例并不限于图1所示的系统架构中。例如，可以应用本申请的通信系统可以包括更多或更少的网元或设备。图1中的设备或网元可以是硬件，也可以是从功能上划分的软件或者以上二者的结合。图1中的设备或网元之间可以通过其他设备或网元通信。
随着业务数据量的激增，业务的传输对通信技术提出了新的需求，通过网络辅助提升业务的服务质量、优化用户的体验成为研究热点。目前，网络侧还无法给予业务传输以合理、有效的优化处理，难以保障用户侧的体验。
以媒体业务为例，新媒体行业快速发展的同时对通信技术提出了新的需求。媒体行业激增的数据量，尤其是超高清视频、VR/AR全景视频等新兴媒体流的出现，对网络传输能力提出了前所未有的挑战。5G技术因能够使得媒体行业实时高清渲染和大幅降低设备对本地计算能力的需求而得以落地。5G技术可以使大量数据被实时传输，降低网络延时，不仅可满足超高清视频直播，还能让AR/VR对画质和时延要求较高的应用获得长足发展。
从网络层来看，媒体流量在5G移动网络中的占比预计会超过90％，是移动网络的主要承载流量，用户媒体体验很大程度上就决定了移动用户对整个移动网络业务体验；从业务层来看，媒体不断向超高清视频、360度全景VR视频等新媒体形式发展，秒切秒开、快速码率自适应切换等高带宽、实时性控制需求对时延和带宽有越来越严苛的要求，单纯依赖媒体业务层自身的闭环控制难以满足用户的媒体体验要求。因此，联合网络与媒体业务，通过网络辅助提升媒体业务的服务质量、优化用户的视频体验成为研究热点，尤其是对于AR/VR全景视频流、4K/8K超高清视频流等。
现有媒体业务传输主要是基于超文本传输协议(hyper text transfer protocol，HTTP)的媒体流传输业务，例如活动图像专家组(moving picture experts group，MPEG)HTTP动态自适应流媒体(dynamic adaptive streaming over HTTP，DASH)、苹果公司所提的实时流媒体HTTP(HTTP live streaming，HLS)、HTTP-FLV(HTTP Flash Video)以及动态媒体流HTTP(HTTP dynamic streaming)等广泛应用于当前的媒体流传输之中。
对于点播业务来讲，服务器的媒体业务下发与HTTP协议的本身特性—请求-回复式特征密切相关，即媒体业务的下发严格依赖于用户侧媒体客户端发送的媒体请求。媒体业务在播放过程中，用户侧媒体客户端会出现如图2所示的周期性的开关(ON-OFF)行为，其中，ON表示客户端请求媒体分片或者媒体分片在下载，OFF表示服务器与客户端没有交互，没有媒体分片被请求。如图2所示，当网络较为稳定后，用户侧媒体客户端会在一定时间后发送新的媒体请求，并在观看一段时间之后再次请求，从而出现如图2所示的周期性ON-OFF特性。
一种传输媒体业务的方案为：一个完整的媒体流会在应用服务器(application server，AS)侧被划分为一段段等长的媒体流片段(或称媒体分片)，针对每段时长的媒体流片段有不同质量的媒体流；当UE向指定全球资源定位器(uniform resource locator，URL)发起媒体流播放请求之后，应用服务器会返回一个媒体描述文件(media presentation description，MPD)，其中包含了所有媒体流片段所有质量的URL信息；UE侧媒体客户 端可以根据传输控制协议(transmission control protocol，TCP)层的平均吞吐量大小感知网络状况，进而根据网络状况和媒体流吞吐量的大小，请求对应码率的媒体流，实现媒体流的自适应码率调整；当UE侧媒体客户端缓存下降到一定门限时，会再次发起新的媒体分片请求，确保其缓存能够保证充足，避免发生卡顿。
UE侧媒体客户端的媒体分片请求，造成了下行媒体流的ON-OFF特征，然而UE侧媒体客户端的媒体分片请求的行为会受到空口网络状况、UE侧媒体客户端缓存区状态、用户行为以及具体媒体客户端实现的诸多因素影响，难以得到一个稳定有效的ON-OFF周期流量特征，导致网络侧无法精确预测下行媒体流的到达时间。
此外，为了保证用户安全隐私以及视频媒体的版权问题，现有的主流解决方案应用了数字版权管理(digital right management，DRM)，而且其传输层往往使用基于传输层安全(transport layer security，TLS)/安全套接层(security socket layer，SSL)的安全超文本传输协议(HTTP over TLS/SSL，HTTPS)传输协议以保障数据在网络传输中的安全。媒体业务的进一步加密使得网络侧难以识别媒体业务特征。
因此，目前网络侧无法给予媒体业务传输合理、有效的优化处理，难以保障用户侧的媒体播放体验。
针对上述问题，本申请提供了一种传输业务的方法和通信装置，在本申请的技术方案中接入网设备可以确定UE是否在请求应用层的业务，并在确定UE在请求应用层的业务的情况下，提前为将要到来的业务进行空口无线资源调度，有助于提升用户侧的体验。
图3是本申请提供的传输业务的方法的示意性流程图。图3所示的方法可以由用户设备、接入网设备和UPF执行，也可以由用户设备、接入网设备和UPF中的模块或单元执行。下面以执行主体为用户设备、接入网设备和UPF为例，对本申请的技术方案进行描述。图3所示的方法可以包括以下内容的至少部分内容。
步骤301，接入网设备接收第一数据包。
步骤302，接入网设备根据第一数据包，确定用户设备请求应用层的第一业务。
本申请的实施例对第一业务的类型不作具体限定。例如，第一业务可以是上文提到的媒体业务。
在本申请中，步骤301-302的实现方式有很多，对此不作具体限定。例如，步骤301-302可以通过图3所示的方式1至4中任一种方式实现。
方式1
在用户设备请求应用层的第一业务时，用户设备向接入网设备发送第一数据包，相应地，接入网设备接收来自用户设备的第一数据包。第一数据包包括第一指示信息，其中，第一指示信息用于指示用户设备请求所述第一业务。在此情况下，接入网设备可以根据第一指示信息，确定用户设备请求应用层的第一业务。
例如，第一数据包可以是用户设备发送的RRC消息。例如，在RRC消息的扩展位中添加第一指示信息，或者复用RRC消息中的已有信元作为第一指示信息。
又例如，第一数据包可以为上行数据包，第一指示信息通过第一数据包的PDCP层传输。第一指示信息通过第一数据包的PDCP层传输，也可以理解为，在第一数据包的PDCP层扩展位添加第一指示信息或者复用PDCP层已有信元作为第一指示信息。
又例如，第一数据包可以是用户设备发送ANBRQ消息，可以理解为，在ANBRQ消 息的扩展位部分添加第一指示信息或者复用ANBRQ消息中的已有信元作为第一指示信息。
在方式1中，第一指示信息来自于用户设备，也就是说，由用户设备指示接入网设备其正在请求应用层的第一业务。
方式2
在步骤301之前可以执行步骤305。
步骤305，在用户设备请求应用层的第一业务时，用户设备向UPF发送第一指示信息，第一指示信息用于指示用户设备请求所述第一业务。
UPF接收到来自用户设备的第一指示信息后，可以向接入网设备发送第一数据包，第一数据包包括第一指示信息。接入网设备接收来自UPF的第一数据包后，可以根据第一指示信息，确定用户设备请求应用层的第一业务。
例如，用户设备通过上行数据的TCP层或IP层扩展位(或者复用TCP层或IP层已有信元)向UPF发送第一指示信息；UPF通过下行数据包向接入网设备发送第一指示信息。其中，第一指示信息可以通过SMF发送N2消息传输，或者通过下行数据包的GTP层扩展位(或者复用GTP层已有信元)传输。
在方式2中，第一指示信息来自于用户设备，也就是说，由用户设备指示接入网设备其正在请求应用层的第一业务。
方式3
在步骤301之前可以执行步骤306-307。
步骤306，在用户设备请求应用层的第一业务时，用户设备向UPF发送第二数据包。
步骤307，在接收到第二数据包后，UPF根据第二数据包的大小，确定用户设备请求应用层的第一业务。
UPF确定用户设备请求应用层的第一业务后，可以向接入网设备发送第一数据包，第一数据包包括第二指示信息。接入网设备接收来自UPF的第一数据包后，可以根据第二指示信息，确定用户设备请求应用层的第一业务。
同样，第一数据包可以为下行数据包。也就是说，UPF可以通过下行数据包向接入网设备发送第二指示信息。其中，第二指示信息可以通过SMF发送N2消息传输，或者通过下行数据包的GTP层扩展位(或者复用GTP层已有信元)传输。
在本申请实施例对UPF根据第一数据包的大小确定用户设备请求应用层的第一业务的方式不作具体限定。作为一个示例，UPF判断第二数据包的大小是否满足预设条件。若第二数据包的大小满足预设条件，则UPF确定用户设备请求应用层的第一业务；若第二数据包的大小不满足预设条件，则UPF确定该数据包不是用于请求第一业务的请求消息。
可选地，预设条件可以为数据包的大小大于第一负载门限值，或者，数据包的大小小于第二负载门限值，或者，数据包的大小大于第一负载门限值且小于第二负载门限值。其中，第一负载门限值和第二负载门限值为数据包负载门限值。
在方式3中，由UPF确定用户设备是否请求应用层的第一业务并指示给接入网设备。可选地，在一些情况下，UPF可以接收来自应用服务器或SMF的第六指示信息，第六指示信息用于指示由UPF确定用户设备是否请求应用层的第一业务。
方式4
在用户设备请求应用层的第一业务时，用户设备向接入网设备发送第一数据包，接入网设备接收来自用户设备的第一数据包，在该方式中，第一数据包可以不携带第一指示信息。在此情况下，接入网设备可以根据第一数据包的大小，确定用户设备是否请求应用层的第一业务。
在本申请实施例对接入网设备根据第一数据包的大小确定用户设备请求应用层的第一业务的方式不作具体限定。作为一个示例，接入网设备判断第一数据包的大小是否满足预设条件。若第一数据包的大小满足预设条件，则接入网设备确定用户设备请求应用层的第一业务；若第一数据包的大小不满足预设条件，则接入网设备确定该数据包不是用于请求第一业务的请求消息。
可选地，预设条件可以为数据包的大小大于第一负载门限值，或者，数据包的大小小于第二负载门限值，或者，数据包的大小大于第一负载门限值且小于第二负载门限值。其中，第一负载门限值和第二负载门限值为数据包负载门限值。
在方式4中，由接入网设备确定用户设备是否请求应用层的第一业务。可选地，在一些情况下，接入网设备可以接收来自应用服务器或SMF的第三指示信息，第三指示信息用于指示由接入网设备确定用户设备是否请求应用层的第一业务。
步骤303，接入网设备确定用户设备请求第一业务的数据量。
在一些实现方式中，接入网设备可以先确定第一码率，进一步根据第一码率和第一码率对应的数据量，确定用户请求第一业务的数据量。
在本申请中接入网设备确定第一码率的方式有很多，对此不作具体限定。
作为一个示例，接入网设备可以从用户设备获取第一码率。也就是说，由用户设备确定并上报请求的第一业务的码率。
例如，用户设备可以根据当前的网络状况、以及标识信息对应的网络需求信息确定第一码率，或者用户设备可以根据当前的网络状况、标识信息对应的网络需求信息、以及用于辅助码率选择的信息确定第一码率，并在第一数据包中携带第四指示信息，其中，第四指示信息用于指示第一码率，标识信息用于指示码率；接入网设备在接收到第四指示信息后，根据第四指示信息确定第一码率。第四指示信息的发送与第一指示信息的发送类似，可以参考第一指示信息的相关描述，在此不再赘述。
作为另一个示例，接入网设备可以根据当前的网络状况、以及标识信息对应的网络需求信息，确定第一码率。其中，网络需求信息可以是带宽需求、时延需求、速率需求等。
作为又一个示例，接入网设备可以根据当前的网络状况、标识信息对应的网络需求信息、以及用于辅助选择码率的信息，确定第一码率。其中，用于辅助选择码率的信息可以是与媒体客户端相关的信息，例如媒体客户端的处理器能力、客户端分辨率、刷新率以及媒体客户端的缓存情况等。
需要说明的是，上述第一指示信息和第四指示信息还可以通过不同的数据包携带，对此不作具体限定。
步骤304，接入网设备根据用户设备请求第一业务的数据量，确定传输资源，其中，传输资源用于传输第一业务。
在另一些实现方式中，接入网设备可以根据用户设备请求第一业务的数据量和时间信息，确定用于传输第一业务的传输资源，其中，时间信息用于指示第一业务的到达时间的 估计值。也就是说，接入网设备在确定传输资源时，还可以考虑第一业务的到达时间。
需要说明的是，上述第一负载门限值和/或第二负载门限值可以是预定义的，也可以是接入网设备或UPF从应用服务器获取的，不予限定。同样，上述标识信息、标识信息对应的网络需求信息、标识信息对应的数据量可以是预定义的，也可以是用户设备或接入网设备从应用服务器获取的，不予限制。上述时间信息可以是接入网设备确定的，例如，时间信息为接入网设备自行设定的经验值；或者时间信息还可以是接入网设备从其他网元获取的，例如，时间信息为来自UPF的经验值或者是来自外部应用服务器的，不予限定。
若上述第一负载门限值、第二负载门限值、标识信息、标识信息对应的网络需求信息、标识信息对应的数据量、或时间信息是从应用服务器获取的，应用服务器可以在建立PDU会话或修改PDU会话时向接入网设备或用户设备发送上述信息，或者应用服务器可以在建立PDU会话或修改PDU会话时将上述信息发送至SMF，SMF可以在接收到UPF发送的第五指示信息时向接入网设备或用户设备发送上述信息，第五指示信息用于指示检测到用户设备正在访问第一业务。UPF可以在检测到用户设备访问第一业务时向SMF发送第五指示信息。
还需要说明的是，确定用户设备请求应用层的第一业务，也可以理解为，确定用户设备请求应用层的第一业务的业务内容或业务数据、确定用户设备正在请求应用层的第一业务、确定用户设备正在请求应用层第一业务中的业务内容或业务数据等。
通过图3中的方法，接入网设备可以确定用户设备是否在请求应用层的业务，并在确定UE在请求应用层的业务的情况下，提前为将要到来的业务进行空口无线资源调度，有助于业务数据的传输，从而提升用户侧的体验。
下面结合图4至图7，对本申请提供的传输业务的方法的具体实现方式进行描述。图4至图7中以传输媒体业务为例进行说明。
在本申请的实施例中，应用服务器可以通过能力开放将与媒体业务传输相关的信息提供给网络侧，以便网络侧能够监测与该信息相应的媒体业务，并能够在媒体业务到达时进行优化处理操作。
其中，与媒体业务传输相关的信息可以包括业务信息、流描述信息、门限信息等。
1)业务信息可以包括以下信息中的至少一项：至少一个码率标识信息、至少一个码率标识信息分别对应的网络需求信息、至少一个码率标识信息分别对应的数据量、以及用于辅助选择码率的信息。
其中：
码率标识信息用于标识不同码率，可以是码率的索引、编号等，例如可以用1、2、3、4分别表示分辨率为4K、2K、1080p、720p的视频源，其码率可以表示为8Mbps、4Mbps、2Mbps、1Mbps。
用于辅助选择码率的信息可以是与媒体客户端相关的信息，例如媒体客户端的处理器能力、客户端分辨率、刷新率以及媒体客户端的缓存情况等，具体取决于该业务进行码率自适应调整过程中的算法逻辑。
另外，至少一个码率标识信息分别对应的网络需求信息也可以描述为至少一个码率分别对应的网络需求信息，至少一个码率标识信息分别对应的数据量也可以描述为至少一个码率分别对应的数据量。
码率标识信息分别对应的数据量可以通过表格的形式或者键值对的形式来表示。
例如，可以用1、2、3、4分别表示码率为8Mbps、4Mbps、2Mbps、1Mbps；对应的数据量分别是16M、8M、4M、2M。码率标识信息对应的数据量可以如表1所示。
表1
码率标识信息 数据量
1 16M
2 8M
3 4M
4 2M
又例如，码率标识信息对应的数据量可以表示为：<1,16>，<2,8>，<3,4>，<4,2>。
2)门限信息用于区分数据包是否为媒体分片请求消息，例如，上述的第一负载门限值和/或第二负载门限值。
在一些实现方中，可以通过PDU会话建立流程或者PDU会话修改流程，将上述与媒体业务传输相关的信息下发给接入网设备和/或UPF。
图4是本申请实施例应用服务器下发与媒体传输相关的信息的示意性流程图。
步骤401，AF或AS向PCF发送上述与媒体业务传输相关的信息。相应地，PCF接收来自AF或AS的与媒体业务传输相关的信息。
可选地，AF或AS可以通过AF请求消息(AF request)将上述与媒体业务传输相关的信息告知PCF侧。具体地，AF可以通过AF请求消息对UDR中的信息进行修改，随后UDR中信息的更新触发对PCF的通知，从而使得对应信息发往PCF侧。
随后，当UE发起PDU会话建立流程或PDU会话修改流程时，PCF可以通过PDU会话建立流程或PDU会话修改流程将上述与媒体业务传输相关的信息下发给接入网设备和/或UPF。
步骤402，UE向SMF发送PDU会话建立请求消息或PDU会话修改请求消息。相应地，SMF接收来自UE的PDU会话建立请求消息或PDU会话修改请求消息。
步骤403，在接收到PDU会话建立请求消息或PDU会话修改请求消息后，SMF向PCF发起会话管理策略关联建立(session management policy association establishment)流程或会话管理策略关联修改(session management policy association modification)流程。
在会话管理策略关联建立流程或会话管理策略关联修改流程中，PCF可以将上述业务信息、门限信息、相应的策略控制和计费(policy control and charging，PCC)规则等发送给SMF。
在接收到业务信息、门限信息、PCC规则等之后，SMF可以向其他的网元(例如，RAN、UPF、UE等)发送业务信息和/或门限信息。
在一些实现方式中，SMF可以将门限信息发送给UPF，并指示由UPF根据门限信息判断UE是否在请求媒体分片。
例如，如步骤404所示，SMF可以通过N4会话建立流程或N4会话修改流程将相应的PDR、第六指示信息、以及门限信息发往UPF侧，其中，第六指示信息用于指示由UPF根据门限信息确定UE是否在请求媒体分片。
在一些实现方式中，SMF可以将门限信息和业务信息发送给接入网设备，并指示由 接入网设备根据门限信息判断UE是否在请求媒体分片。
例如，如步骤405a和406a所示，SMF可以向接入网设备发送第三指示信息、门限信息和业务信息，其中，第三指示信息用于指示由接入网设备根据门限信息确定UE是否在请求媒体分片。
步骤405a，SMF可以向AMF发送第三指示信息、业务信息、以及门限信息中的至少一个。例如，SMF可以通过N2 SM container向AMF发送第三指示信息、业务信息、以及门限信息中的至少一个。
步骤406b，AMF可以向接入网设备发送第三指示信息、业务信息、以及门限信息中的至少一个。例如，AMF可以通过N2PDU会话请求消息向接入网设备发送上述N2 SM container。
在一些实现方式中，SMF可以将业务信息发送给UE，并指示UE上报请求的码率。
例如，如步骤405b、406b和407所示，SMF可以向UE发送第七指示信息和/或业务信息，其中，第七指示信息用于指示UE上报请求的码率。
步骤405b，SMF可以向AMF发送第七指示信息和/或业务信息。例如，SMF可以通过N1 SM container向AMF发送第七指示信息和/或业务信息。
步骤406b，AMF向接入网设备发送第七指示信息和/或业务信息。例如，AMF可以通过NAS消息向接入网设备发送上述N1 SM container。
步骤407，接入网设备可以向UE发送第七指示信息和/或业务信息。例如，接入网设备可以通过NAS消息发送第七指示信息和/或业务信息。
步骤408，各网元完成剩余的PDU会话建立流程或者PDU会话修改流程。
需要说明的是，针对不同的技术方案，SMF向接入网设备、UPF、UE发送的信息可以不同，例如，当由UPF根据门限信息确定UE是否在请求媒体分片时，可以不向接入网设备发送门限信息。又例如，当由接入网设备根据门限信息确定UE是否在请求媒体分片时，可以不向UPF发送门限信息。又例如，当由UPF或接入网设备根据门限信息确定UE是否在请求媒体分片时，可以不向UE发送第七指示信息和业务信息。换句话说，针对不同的技术方案，SMF可以向接入网设备、UPF、UE发送或者不发送上述与媒体业务传输相关的信息中的部分或全部信息。
通过上述技术方案，应用服务器能够通过网络能力开放接口、以及PDU会话建立或修改流程，将与媒体业务传输相关的信息告知接入网设备和核心网设备，从而能够为当前的PDU会话或者未来的PDU会话提供相应的信息，以确保能够针对对应的媒体业务进行优化操作。
在本申请中，在PDU会话建立之后，当UE访问媒体业务时，接入网设备可以确定UE是否在请求新的媒体分片，并在确定UE在请求新的媒体分片的情况下，提前为新的媒体分片进行空口无线资源调度。
1、由UPF检测UE是否在请求新的媒体分片
图5是本申请实施例提供的传输媒体业务的方法的示意性流程图。图5所示的方法可以由UE、RAN、AMF、SMF、UPF执行，也可以由UE、RAN、AMF、SMF、UPF中的单元或模块(例如，电路、芯片、片上系统(system on chip，SOC)等)执行，下面以执行主体为UE、RAN、AMF、SMF、UPF为例进行描述。
图5所示的方法可以包括以下内容的至少部分内容。
步骤501，UE向UPF发送上行业务数据包。相应地，UPF接收来自UE的数据包。
步骤502，UPF根据接收到的数据包，判断UE是否在访问媒体业务。
可选地，UPF可以根据来自SMF的PDR包检测规则，确定UE是否正在访问媒体业务。例如，UPF根据目标服务器IP地址、端口号以及协议类型等，确定UE是否正在访问媒体业务。
若UPF检测到UE正在访问媒体业务，UPF可以进一步执行步骤503。
步骤503，UPF根据接收到的数据包的大小(或者称为数据包的负载情况)，确定UE是否在请求媒体分片。
在一些实现方式中，UPF根据接收到的数据包的大小、以及预设条件，确定UE是否在请求媒体分片。其中，预设条件可以为数据包的大小大于第一负载门限值，或者，数据包的大小小于第二负载门限值，或者，数据包的大小大于第一负载门限值且小于第二负载门限值等。
由于媒体业务的上行数据包除了TCP层的确认反馈(acknowledgement，ACK)，基本上就是媒体分片请求消息，因此，UPF可以根据接收到的数据包的大小判断UE是否在请求下一个媒体分片。例如，当数据包的大小大于第一负载门限值时，UPF可以确定UE在请求媒体分片。又例如，数据包的大小小于第二负载门限值时，UPF可以确定UE在请求媒体分片。又例如，数据包的大小大于第一负载门限值且小于第二负载门限值时，UPF可以确定UE在请求媒体分片。
UPF确定数据包的大小的方式有很多，例如，UPF可以根据数据包的IP头部的总长度(total length)字段来确定数据包的大小，或者根据数据包所占的存储空间来确定数据包的大小，或者通过其他可以确定数据包大小或者数据包负载情况的方式，本申请实施例不作具体限定。
当确定UE在请求媒体分片时，UPF可以向接入网设备发送第二指示信息，向接入网设备指示UE在请求媒体分片。UPF向接入网设备发送第二指示信息的方式有很多，本申请实施例不作具体限定。例如，UPF可以通过如图5所示的方式1或方式2向接入网设备发送第二指示信息。
方式1：步骤504-505
步骤504，UPF向SMF发送第二指示信息。相应地，SMF接收来自UPF的第二指示信息。
可选地，UPF可以通过N4会话上报流程将第二指示信息发送给SMF。
步骤505，SMF在接收到UPF发送的第二指示信息后，将第二指示信息发送给接入网设备。
可选地，SMF可以通过N2SM消息将第二指示信息发送给接入网设备。
在该方式中，UPF通过SMF向接入网设备发送第二指示信息。
方式2：步骤506
在该方式中，UPF可以直接向接入网设备发送第二指示信息。例如，UPF可以将第二指示信息携带在下行数据的GTP层，通过发送下行数据将第二指示信息发送给接入网设备。
其中，下行数据可以是下行的数据包、UPF构造的空包(或称空数据包)等。
步骤507，在接收到第二指示信息后，接入网设备可以根据第二指示信息确定UE在请求媒体分片。
步骤508，接入网设备估计媒体分片的数据量。
在一些实现方式中，接入网设备可以根据当前的网络状况和业务信息中至少一个码率标识信息对应的网络需求信息、和/或用于辅助选择码率的信息，确定第一码率，并根据第一码率、以及业务信息中至少一个码率标识信息对应的数据量，确定第一码率对应的数据量，即媒体分片的数据量的估计值。其中，网络需求信息可以是带宽需求、时延需求、速率需求等。
在另一些实现方式中，用户设备可以上报请求的码率，即接入网设备可以从用户设备获取第一码率，并根据第一码率、以及业务信息中至少一个码率标识信息对应的数据量，确定第一码率对应的数据量，即媒体分片的数据量的估计值。
在另一些实现方式中，在确定用户设备在请求媒体分片的情况下，接入网设备可以直接根据最大码率对应的网络需求信息和/或最大码率对应的数据量，确定媒体分片的数据量。
步骤509，接入网设备根据步骤508确定的数据量为下一个媒体分片预留传输资源。其中，上述传输资源可以为空口传输资源。
在另一些实现方式中，接入网设备可以根据步骤508确定的数据量和时间信息，为下一个媒体分片预留传输资源。其中，时间信息用于指示下一个媒体分片的到达时间的估计值。也就是说，接入网设备在确定传输资源时，还可以考虑媒体分片的到达时间，有助于提高传输资源的利用率。
时间信息可以是接入网设备确定的，例如，时间信息为接入网设备自行设定的经验值。时间信息还可以是接入网设备从其他网元获取的，例如，时间信息为来自UPF的经验值或者是来自外部应用服务器的。
需要说明的是，若UPF检测到UE正在访问媒体业务，且SMF未在如图4所示的PDU会话建立流程或PDU会话修改流程中未将上述与媒体业务传输相关的信息发送至接入网设备或UE时，还可以执行步骤510和511。
步骤510，UPF向SMF发送第五指示信息。相应地，SMF接收UPF发送的第五指示信息。其中，第五指示信息用于指示UPF检测到媒体业务。
步骤511，在接收到第五指示信息后，SMF可以向接入网设备或UE发送上述与媒体业务传输相关的信息中的部分或全部信息。例如，SMF可以向接入网设备发送业务信息、门限信息和第三指示信息。又例如，SMF可以向UE发送第七指示信息。
通过上述技术方案，UPF能够根据接收到的上行数据包的负载状况判断UE是否在进行下一个媒体分片的请求，从而确定UE侧的媒体请求行为并指示给接入网设备，使得接入网设备可以进行空口无线资源的预调度，为后续下行媒体分片的下发传输提供保障。
2、由接入网设备检测UE是否在请求新的媒体分片
图6是本申请实施例提供的传输媒体业务的方法的示意性流程图。图6所示的方法可以由UE、RAN、AMF、SMF、UPF执行，也可以由UE、RAN、AMF、SMF、UPF中的 单元或模块(例如，电路、芯片、SOC等)执行，下面以执行主体为UE、RAN、AMF、SMF、UPF为例进行描述。
与图5不同的是，在图6所示的方法中，由接入网设备检测UE是否在请求新的媒体分片。图6所示的方法可以包括以下内容的至少部分内容。
步骤601，UE发送上行数据包。
步骤602，接入网设备根据接收到的数据包的大小(或者称为数据包的负载情况)，确定UE是否在请求媒体分片。
在一些实现方式中，接入网设备根据接收到的数据包的大小、以及预设条件，确定UE是否在请求媒体分片。其中，预设条件可以为数据包的大小大于第一负载门限值，或者，数据包的大小小于第二负载门限值，或者，数据包的大小大于第一负载门限值且小于第二负载门限值等。
由于媒体业务的上行数据包除了TCP层的确认反馈(acknowledgement，ACK)，基本上就是媒体分片请求消息，因此，接入网设备可以根据接收到的数据包的大小判断UE是否在请求下一个媒体分片。例如，当数据包的大小大于第一负载门限值时，接入网设备可以确定UE在请求媒体分片。又例如，数据包的大小小于第二负载门限值时，接入网设备可以确定UE在请求媒体分片。又例如，数据包的大小大于第一负载门限值且小于第二负载门限值时，接入网设备可以确定UE在请求媒体分片。
接入网设备确定数据包的大小的方式有很多，例如，接入网设备可以根据数据包所占的存储空间来确定数据包的大小，或者通过其他可以确定数据包大小或者数据包负载情况的方式，本申请实施例不作具体限定。
步骤603，当确定UE在请求媒体分片时，接入网设备可以估计媒体分片的数据量。
步骤604，接入网设备根据步骤603确定的数据量为下一个媒体分片预留传输资源。其中，上述传输资源可以为空口传输资源。
步骤603和步骤604的实现方式可以参考步骤508和步骤509的描述，在此不再赘述。
同样，若SMF未在如图4所示的PDU会话建立流程或PDU会话修改流程中将上述与媒体业务传输相关的信息发送至接入网设备或UE，还可以执行步骤605-607。
步骤605，UPF根据接收到的上行数据包，判断UE是否在访问媒体业务。
可选地，UPF可以根据来自SMF的PDR包检测规则，确定UE是否正在访问媒体业务。例如，UPF根据目标服务器IP地址、端口号以及协议类型等，确定UE是否正在访问媒体业务。
若UPF检测到UE正在访问媒体业务，UPF可以进一步执行步骤606。
步骤606，UPF向SMF发送第五指示信息。相应地，SMF接收UPF发送的第五指示信息。其中，第五指示信息用于指示UPF检测到媒体业务，
具体的，UPF通过N4会话上报流程将第五指示信息发往SMF侧。
步骤607，在接收到第五指示信息后，SMF可以向接入网设备或UE发送上述与媒体业务传输相关的信息中的部分或全部信息。例如，SMF可以向接入网设备发送业务信息、门限信息和第三指示信息。又例如，SMF可以向UE发送第七指示信息。
通过上述技术方案，接入网设备能够根据接收到的上行数据包的负载状况判断UE是否在进行下一个媒体分片的请求，从而确定UE侧的媒体请求行为，并进一步根据相应的 网络需求信息，进行空口无线资源的预调度，为后续下行媒体分片的下发传输提供保障。
3、由UE向接入网设备指示请求特定码率的媒体分片
图7是本申请实施例提供的传输媒体业务的方法的示意性流程图。图7所示的方法可以由UE、RAN、AMF、SMF、UPF、PCF、AF/AS执行，也可以由UE、RAN、AMF、SMF、UPF、PCF、AF/AS中的单元或模块(例如，电路、芯片、SOC等)执行，下面以执行主体为UE、RAN、AMF、SMF、UPF、PCF、AF/AS为例进行描述。
与图5和图6同的是，在图7所示的方法中，由UE直接向接入网设备指示请求媒体分片和对应于媒体分片的码率。图7所示的方法可以包括以下内容的至少部分内容。
步骤701，用户设备请求媒体分片。
例如，用户设备确定需要请求新的媒体分片时，发送媒体分片请求消息。
在确定需要请求新的媒体分片后，用户设备可以向接入网设备发送第一指示信息和第四指示信息，其中，第一指示信息用于指示用户设备请求媒体分片，第四指示信息用于指示用户设备请求的码率。
在一些实现方式中，用户设备可以根据当前的网络状况、以及标识信息对应的网络需求信息确定请求媒体分片的码率，或者用户设备可以根据当前的网络状况、标识信息对应的网络需求信息、以及用于辅助码率选择的信息确定请求媒体分片的码率。
需要说明的是，第一指示信息和第四指示信息可以为同一个信息，例如，用户设备可以通过一个信息位，表示UE请求的媒体分片的码率以及UE正在请求对应码率的媒体分片。第一指示信息和第四指示信息可以为不同的信息，例如，用户设备使用两个信息位，一个用于指示该UE正在请求媒体分片，另一个指示该UE请求的媒体分片的码率。
UE发送第一指示信息和第四指示信息的方式有很多，本申请实施例不作具体限定。例如，可以通过如图7所示的方式1、方式2和方式3来实现。
方式1：步骤702
在该方式中，用户设备直接向接入网设备发送第一指示信息和第四指示信息。
例如，UE可以通过RRC消息向接入网设备发送第一指示信息和第四指示信息。
又例如，UE可以在上行数据的PDCP层扩展位添加第一指示信息和第四指示信息，或者复用RRC消息中的已有信元作为第一指示信息和第四指示信息。通过向接入网设备发送上行数据，实现将第一指示信息和第四指示信息发送给接入网设备。
又例如，UE可以扩展现有的ANBRQ消息，在ANBRQ消息中添加第一指示信息和第四指示信息。通过向接入网设备发送扩展后的ANBRQ消息，实现将第一指示信息和第四指示信息发送给接入网设备。
方式2：步骤703-705
步骤703，UE将第一指示信息和第四指示信息发送给UPF。
例如，UE可以将第一指示信息和第四指示信息放入上行数据的TCP/IP层(例如，放在选项(option)字段)发往UPF。
步骤704，在接收到第一指示信息和第四指示信息后，UPF将第一指示信息和第四指示信息发送给SMF。
例如，UPF对上行数据进行检测，当检测到上行数据的TCP/IP层中的第一指示信息和第四指示信息，可以触发N4会话上报流程，从而将第一指示信息和第四指示信息发送 给SMF。
步骤705，在接收到第一指示信息和第四指示信息后，SMF将第一指示信息和第四指示信息发送给接入网设备。
例如，SMF可以通过N2SM消息将第一指示信息和第四指示信息发送给接入网设备。
在该方式中，用户设备通过UPF和SMF向接入网设备发送第一指示信息和第四指示信息。
方式3：步骤706-707
步骤706中，UE将第一指示信息和第四指示信息发送给UPF。
例如，UE可以将第一指示信息和第四指示信息放入上行数据的TCP/IP层(例如，放在选项(option)字段)发往UPF。
步骤707中，在接收到第一指示信息和第四指示信息后，UPF将第一指示信息和第四指示信息直接发送给接入网设备。
例如，UPF对上行数据进行检测，当检测到上行数据的TCP/IP层中的第一指示信息和第四指示信息，可以直接通过下行数据的GTP层，将第一指示信息和第四指示信息发送给接入网设备。
在该方式中，用户设备通过UPF向接入网设备发送第一指示信息和第四指示信息。
接入网设备在接收到第一指示信息和第四指示信息后，可以执行步骤708。
需要说明的是，用户设备可以将第一指示信息和第四指示信息添加到媒体分片请求消息中，也可以与媒体分片请求消息分别独立发送，不予限定。
步骤708，接入网设备在接收到第一指示信息和第四指示信息后，可以根据第一指示信息和第四指示信息进行资源预调度。
在一些实现方式中，接入网设备可以根据第一指示信息确定用户设备在请求媒体分片，根据第四指示信息指示的码率、以及该码率对应的数据量，为下一个媒体分片预留传输资源。
接入网设备预留传输资源的具体实现方式可以参考上文的相关描述，在此不再赘述。
需要说明的是，若在PDU会话建立流程或PDU会话修改流程中，UE没有接收到网络侧的发送的与媒体业务传输相关的信息，UE还可以执行步骤709。
步骤709，UE接收来自应用服务器的第七指示信息和业务信息。其中，第七指示信息用于指示由UE上报请求的码率，业务信息可以包括至少一个码率的标识信息。
例如，UE可以接收应用服务器通过应用层信息发送的第七指示信息和业务信息。
通过上述技术方案，UE可以直接在发起新的媒体分片请求时，将媒体分片请求信息、以及请求的具体媒体分片的码率信息发送至接入网设备，使得接入网设备能够根据媒体分片请求与码率信息，明确将要到达的下行媒体分片的网络需求和数据量大小，并提前进行空口资源调度，保障下行媒体分片的可靠、快速传输。
需要说明的是，在不同场景或条件下，图4至图7中的UE、RAN、AMF、SMF、UPF、PCF、AF/AS等网元也可以替换为其他具有相同或类似功能的网元，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
应理解，本申请实施例的各个方案可以进行合理的组合使用，并且实施例中出现的各个术语的解释或说明可以在各个实施例中互相参考或解释，对此不作限定。
还应理解，在本申请的各种实施例中，上述各过程的序号的大小并不意味着执行顺序的先后，各过程的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定。上述各个过程涉及的各种数字编号或序号仅为描述方便进行的区分，而不应对本申请实施例的实施过程构成任何限定。
以上，结合图3至图7详细说明了本申请实施例提供的方法。以下，结合图8至图10详细说明本申请实施例提供的装置。
图8是本申请实施例提供的通信装置的示意性框图。如图8所示，该通信装置800可以包括收发单元810和处理单元820。
该收发单元810可以包括发送单元和/或接收单元。该收发单元810可以是收发器(包括发射器和/或接收器)、输入/输出接口(包括输入和/或输出接口)、管脚或电路等。该收发单元810可以用于执行上述方法实施例中发送和/或接收的步骤。
该处理单元820可以是处理器(可以包括一个多个)、具有处理器功能的处理电路等，可以用于执行上述方法实施例中除发送接收外的其它步骤。
可选地，该通信装置还可以包括存储单元，该存储单元可以是存储器、内部存储单元(例如，寄存器、缓存等)、外部的存储单元(例如，只读存储器、随机存取存储器等)等。该存储单元用于存储指令，该处理单元820执行该存储单元所存储的指令，以使该通信装置执行上述方法。
一种设计中，该通信装置800可对应于上述方法中任一方法中的接入网设备，且可以执行相应方法中由接入网设备所执行的操作。
例如，收发单元810用于，用于接收第一数据包。处理单元820用于，用于根据所述第一数据包，确定用户设备请求应用层的第一业务；确定所述用户设备请求所述第一业务的数据量；根据所述数据量确定传输资源，所述传输资源用于传输所述第一业务。
应理解，收发单元810以及处理单元820还可以执行上述方法中任一方法中由接入网设备所执行的其他操作，这里不再一一详述。
一种设计中，该通信装置800可对应于上述方法中任一方法中的用户设备，且可以执行相应方法中由用户设备所执行的操作。
例如，收发单元810用于，用于请求第一业务；发送第一数据包，所述第一数据包包括第一指示信息和/或第四指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示用户设备请求应用层的第一业务，所述第四指示信息用于指示第一码率，所述第一码率用于确定所述第一业务的数据量。
应理解，收发单元810以及处理单元820还可以执行上述方法中任一方法中由用户设备所执行的其他操作，这里不再一一详述。
一种设计中，该通信装置800可对应于上述方法中任一方法中的UPF，且可以执行相应方法中由UPF所执行的操作。
例如，收发单元810用于，用于接收来自用户设备的第二数据包。处理单元820用于，用于根据所述第二数据包的大小，确定所述用户设备请求应用层的第一业务。收发单元810还用于，向接入网设备发送第一数据包，所述第一数据包包括第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息用于指示所述用户设备请求所述第一业务。
应理解，收发单元810以及处理单元820还可以执行上述方法中任一方法中由UPF所执行的其他操作，这里不再一一详述。
一种设计中，该通信装置800可对应于上述方法中任一方法中的应用服务器，且可以执行相应方法中由应用服务器所执行的操作。
例如，处理单元820用于，用于确定以下信息中的至少一个：标识信息、所述标识信息对应的网络需求信息、所述标识信息对应的数据量、第一负载门限值、第二负载门限值、时间信息、以及用于辅助选择码率的信息，所述标识信息用于指示码率，所述时间信息用于指示第一业务到达接入网设备的时间的估计值。收发单元810用于，用于发送以下信息中的至少一个：标识信息、所述标识信息对应的网络需求信息、所述标识信息对应的数据量、第一负载门限值、第二负载门限值、时间信息、以及用于辅助选择码率的信息，所述标识信息用于指示码率，所述时间信息用于指示第一业务到达接入网设备的时间的估计值。
应理解，收发单元810以及处理单元820还可以执行上述方法中任一方法中由应用服务器所执行的其他操作，这里不再一一详述。
一种设计中，该通信装置800可对应于上述方法中任一方法中的SMF，且可以执行相应方法中由SMF所执行的操作。
例如，收发单元810用于，用于接收来自应用服务器的以下信息中的至少一个：标识信息、所述标识信息对应的网络需求信息、所述标识信息对应的数据量、第一负载门限值、第二负载门限值、时间信息、以及用于辅助选择码率的信息，所述标识信息用于指示码率，所述时间信息用于指示第一业务到达接入网设备的时间的估计值；以及用于向接入网设备发送以下信息中的至少一个：所述标识信息、所述标识信息对应的网络需求信息、所述标识信息对应的数据量、第一负载门限值、第二负载门限值、时间信息、第三指示信息、以及所述用于辅助选择码率的信息，或，向用户面功能网元UPF发送所述第一负载门限值和/或所述第二负载门限值、以及第六指示信息，或，向用户设备发送标识信息和第七指示信息，所述第三指示信息用于指示由所述接入网设备确定用户设备是否请求应用层的第一业务，所述第六指示信息用于指示由所述UPF确定用户设备是否请求应用层的第一业务，所述第七指示信息用于指示有所述用户设备上报请求的码率。
应理解，收发单元810以及处理单元820还可以执行上述方法中任一方法中由SMF所执行的其他操作，这里不再一一详述。
应理解，上述各个单元的划分仅仅是功能上的划分，实际实现时可能会有其它的划分方法。
还应理解，上述处理单元可以通过硬件来实现也可以通过软件来实现，或者可以通过软硬结合的方式实现。
图9是本申请提供的一种通信装置的结构示意图。如图9所示，该通信装置900可实现上述任一方法实施例中任一网元所能实现的功能。
通信装置900可包括处理器910。所述处理器910也可以称为处理单元，可以实现一定的控制功能。所述处理器910可以用于对该通信装置900进行控制，执行软件程序，处理软件程序的数据。
在一种可选的设计中，处理器910也可以存有指令和/或数据，所述指令和/或数据可以被所述处理器910运行，使得所述通信装置900执行上述方法实施例中描述的方法。
可选地，所述通信装置900中可以包括存储器920，其上可以存有指令，所述指 令可在所述处理器上被运行，使得所述通信装置900执行上述方法实施例中描述的方法。可选的，所述存储器中还可以存储有数据。可选的，处理器中也可以存储指令和/或数据。所述处理器和存储器可以单独设置，也可以集成在一起。例如，上述方法实施例中所描述的对应关系可以存储在存储器中，或者存储在处理器中。
可选地，所述通信装置900可以包括基带电路930，主要用于进行基带处理。
可选地，所述通信装置900可以包括射频电路940，主要用于射频信号的收发以及射频信号与基带信号的转换，例如用于发送上述方法实施例中的BAR帧。射频电路940也可以称为收发单元、收发机、收发电路、或者收发器等等。
可选地，所述通信装置900可以包括天线950，主要用于信号的发送和接收。
可选地，所述通信装置900可以包括总线960，用于连接通信装置900的各部分，如上述的处理器910、存储器920、基带电路930、射频电路940和天线950。
图10为本申请提供的一种通信装置1000的结构示意图。为了便于说明，图10仅示出了通信装置1000的主要部件。该通信装置1000可实现上述任一方法实施例中用户设备的功能。
如图10所示，通信装置1000包括处理器和存储器。
可选地，通信装置1000包括控制电路、天线以及输入输出装置。
处理器主要用于对通信协议以及通信数据进行处理，以及对整个通信装置1000进行控制，执行软件程序，处理软件程序的数据，例如用于支持通信装置1000执行上述方法实施例中所描述的用户设备所执行的操作。存储器主要用于存储软件程序和数据。控制电路主要用于基带信号与射频信号的转换以及对射频信号的处理。控制电路和天线一起也可以叫做收发器，主要用于收发电磁波形式的射频信号。输入输出装置，例如触摸屏、显示屏，键盘等主要用于接收用户输入的数据以及对用户输出数据。
当通信装置1000开机后，处理器可以读取存储单元中的软件程序，解释并执行软件程序的指令，处理软件程序的数据。当需要通过无线发送数据时，处理器对待发送的数据进行基带处理后，输出基带信号至射频电路，射频电路将基带信号进行射频处理后将射频信号通过天线以电磁波的形式向外发送。当有数据发送到通信装置1000时，射频电路通过天线接收到射频信号，将射频信号转换为基带信号，并将基带信号输出至处理器，处理器将基带信号转换为数据并对该数据进行处理。
本领域技术人员可以理解，为了便于说明，图10仅示出了一个存储器和处理器。在实际的通信装置1000中，可以存在多个处理器和存储器。存储器也可以称为存储介质或者存储设备等，本申请实施例对此不做限制。
作为一种可选的实现方式，处理器可以包括基带处理器和中央处理器，基带处理器主要用于对通信协议以及通信数据进行处理，中央处理器主要用于对整个通信装置1000进行控制，执行软件程序，处理软件程序的数据。图10中的处理器集成了基带处理器和中央处理器的功能，本领域技术人员可以理解，基带处理器和中央处理器也可以是各自独立的处理器，通过总线等技术互联。本领域技术人员可以理解，通信装置1000可以包括多个基带处理器以适应不同的网络制式，通信装置1000可以包括多个中央处理器以增强其处理能力，通信装置1000的各个部件可以通过各种总线连接。所述基带处理器也可以表述为基带处理电路或者基带处理芯片。所述中央处理器也可以表述为中央处理电路或者中 央处理芯片。对通信协议以及通信数据进行处理的功能可以内置在处理器中，也可以以软件程序的形式存储在存储单元中，由处理器执行软件程序以实现基带处理功能。
示例性的，在本申请实施例中，可以将具有收发功能的天线和控制电路视为通信装置1000的收发单元1010，将具有处理功能的处理器视为通信装置1000的处理单元1020。如图10所示，通信装置1000包括收发单元1010和处理单元1020。收发单元也可以称为收发器、收发机、收发装置等。可选的，可以将收发单元1010中用于实现接收功能的器件视为接收单元，将收发单元1010中用于实现发送功能的器件视为发送单元，即收发单元1010包括接收单元和发送单元。示例性的，接收单元也可以称为接收机、接收器、接收电路等，发送单元可以称为发射机、发射器或者发射电路等。
应注意，本申请实施例中的处理器可以是一种集成电路芯片，具有信号的处理能力。在实现过程中，上述方法实施例的各步骤可以通过处理器中的硬件的集成逻辑电路或者软件形式的指令完成。上述的处理器可以是通用处理器、数字信号处理器(digital signal processor，DSP)、专用集成电路(application specific integrated circuit，ASIC)、现场可编程门阵列(field programmable gate array，FPGA)或者其它可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件，还可以是系统芯片(system on chip，SoC)，还可以是中央处理器(central processor unit，CPU)，还可以是网络处理器(network processor，NP)，还可以是微控制器(micro controller unit，MCU)，还可以是可编程控制器(programmable logic device，PLD)或其他集成芯片。可以理解，本申请实施例中的存储器可以是易失性存储器或非易失性存储器，或可包括易失性和非易失性存储器两者。其中，非易失性存储器可以是只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)、可编程只读存储器(programmable ROM，PROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(erasable PROM，EPROM)、电可擦除可编程只读存储器(electrically EPROM，EEPROM)或闪存。易失性存储器可以是随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)，其用作外部高速缓存。通过示例性但不是限制性说明，许多形式的RAM可用，例如静态随机存取存储器(static RAM，SRAM)、动态随机存取存储器(dynamic RAM，DRAM)、同步动态随机存取存储器(synchronous DRAM，SDRAM)、双倍数据速率同步动态随机存取存储器(double data rate SDRAM，DDR SDRAM)、增强型同步动态随机存取存储器(enhanced SDRAM，ESDRAM)、同步连接动态随机存取存储器(synchlink DRAM，SLDRAM)和直接内存总线随机存取存储器(direct rambus RAM，DR RAM)。应注意，本文描述的系统和方法的存储器旨在包括但不限于这些和任意其它适合类型的存储器。
根据本申请实施例提供的方法，本申请还提供了一种计算机程序产品，该计算机程序产品包括：计算机程序代码，当该计算机程序代码在计算机上运行时，使得该计算机执行前述任一方法实施例任一网元(如，用户设备、接入网设备、核心网设备等)所执行的操作。
根据本申请实施例提供的方法，本申请还提供了一种计算机可读介质，该计算机可读介质存储有程序代码，当该程序代码在计算机上运行时，使得该计算机执行前述方法实施例中任一网元(如，用户设备、接入网设备、核心网设备等)所执行的操作。
根据本申请实施例提供的方法，本申请还提供了一种通信系统，其包括任一方法实施例中的一个或多个网元。
本申请实施例还提供了一种通信装置，包括处理器和接口；所述处理器用于执行上述任一方法实施例中的方法。
应理解，上述通信装置可以是一个芯片。例如，该处理装置可以是现场可编程门阵列(field programmable gate array，FPGA)，可以是通用处理器、数字信号处理器(digital signal processor，DSP)、专用集成电路(application specific integrated circuit，ASIC)、现成可编程门阵列(field programmable gate array，FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件，还可以是系统芯片(system on chip，SoC)，还可以是中央处理器(central processor unit，CPU)，还可以是网络处理器(network processor，NP)，还可以是数字信号处理电路(digital signal processor，DSP)，还可以是微控制器(micro controller unit，MCU)，还可以是可编程控制器(programmable logic device，PLD)或其他集成芯片。可以实现或者执行本申请实施例中的公开的各方法、步骤及逻辑框图。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器等。结合本申请实施例所公开的方法的步骤可以直接体现为硬件译码处理器执行完成，或者用译码处理器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。软件模块可以位于随机存储器，闪存、只读存储器，可编程只读存储器或者电可擦写可编程存储器、寄存器等本领域成熟的存储介质中。该存储介质位于存储器，处理器读取存储器中的信息，结合其硬件完成上述方法的步骤。
可以理解，本申请实施例中的存储器可以是易失性存储器或非易失性存储器，或可包括易失性和非易失性存储器两者。其中，非易失性存储器可以是只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)、可编程只读存储器(programmable ROM，PROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(erasable PROM，EPROM)、电可擦除可编程只读存储器(electrically EPROM，EEPROM)或闪存。易失性存储器可以是随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)，其用作外部高速缓存。通过示例性但不是限制性说明，许多形式的RAM可用，例如静态随机存取存储器(static RAM，SRAM)、动态随机存取存储器(dynamic RAM，DRAM)、同步动态随机存取存储器(synchronous DRAM，SDRAM)、双倍数据速率同步动态随机存取存储器(double data rate SDRAM，DDR SDRAM)、增强型同步动态随机存取存储器(enhanced SDRAM，ESDRAM)、同步连接动态随机存取存储器(synchlink DRAM，SLDRAM)和直接内存总线随机存取存储器(direct rambus RAM，DR RAM)。应注意，本文描述的系统和方法的存储器旨在包括但不限于这些和任意其它适合类型的存储器。
在上述实施例中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。所述计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机上加载和执行所述计算机指令时，全部或部分地产生按照本申请实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、或者其他可编程装置。所述计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，所述计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线(例如同轴电缆、光纤、数字用户线(digital subscriber line，DSL))或无线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质(例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带)、光介质(例 如，高密度数字视频光盘(digital video disc，DVD))、或者半导体介质(例如，固态硬盘(solid state disc，SSD))等。
上述各个装置实施例中网络设备与终端设备和方法实施例中的网络设备或终端设备完全对应，由相应的模块或单元执行相应的步骤，例如通信单元(收发器)执行方法实施例中接收或发送的步骤，除发送、接收外的其它步骤可以由处理单元(处理器)执行。具体单元的功能可以参考相应的方法实施例。其中，处理器可以为一个或多个。
在本说明书中使用的术语“部件”、“模块”、“系统”等用于表示计算机相关的实体、硬件、固件、硬件和软件的组合、软件、或执行中的软件。例如，部件可以是但不限于，在处理器上运行的进程、处理器、对象、可执行文件、执行线程、程序或计算机。通过图示，在计算设备上运行的应用和计算设备都可以是部件。一个或多个部件可驻留在进程或执行线程中，部件可位于一个计算机上或分布在2个或更多个计算机之间。此外，这些部件可从在上面存储有各种数据结构的各种计算机可读介质执行。部件可例如根据具有一个或多个数据分组(例如来自与本地系统、分布式系统或网络间的另一部件交互的二个部件的数据，例如通过信号与其它系统交互的互联网)的信号通过本地或远程进程来通信。
应理解，说明书通篇中提到的“实施例”意味着与实施例有关的特定特征、结构或特性包括在本申请的至少一个实施例中。因此，在整个说明书各个实施例未必一定指相同的实施例。此外，这些特定的特征、结构或特性可以任意适合的方式结合在一个或多个实施例中。
应理解，在本申请实施例中，编号“第一”、“第二”…仅仅为了区分不同的对象，比如为了区分不同的网络设备，并不对本申请实施例的范围构成限制，本申请实施例并不限于此。
还应理解，在本申请中，“当…时”、“若”以及“如果”均指在某种客观情况下网元会做出相应的处理，并非是限定时间，且也不要求网元实现时一定要有判断的动作，也不意味着存在其它限定。
还应理解，在本申请中，“至少一个”是指一个或者多个，“多个”是指两个或两个以上。
还应理解，在本申请各实施例中，“A对应的B”表示B与A相关联，根据A可以确定B。但还应理解，根据A确定B并不意味着仅仅根据A确定B，还可以根据A和/或其它信息确定B。
还应理解，本文中术语“和/或”，仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本文中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
本申请中出现的类似于“项目包括如下中的一项或多项：A，B，以及C”表述的含义，如无特别说明，通常是指该项目可以为如下中任一个：A；B；C；A和B；A和C；B和C；A，B和C；A和A；A，A和A；A，A和B；A，A和C，A，B和B；A，C和C；B和B，B，B和B，B，B和C，C和C；C，C和C，以及其他A，B和C的组合。以上是以A，B和C共3个元素进行举例来说明该项目的可选用条目，当表达为“项目包括如下中至少一种：A，B，……，以及X”时，即表达中具有更多元素时，那么该项目可以适用的条目也可以按照前述规则获得。
可以理解的，本申请实施例中，终端设备和/或网络设备可以执行本申请实施例中的 部分或全部步骤，这些步骤或操作仅是示例，本申请实施例还可以执行其它操作或者各种操作的变形。此外，各个步骤可以按照本申请实施例呈现的不同的顺序来执行，并且有可能并非要执行本申请实施例中的全部操作。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统、装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。
所述功能如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器ROM、随机存取存储器RAM、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (25)

  1. 一种传输业务的方法，其特征在于，包括：
    接收第一数据包；
    根据所述第一数据包，确定用户设备请求应用层的第一业务；
    确定所述用户设备请求所述第一业务的数据量；
    根据所述数据量确定传输资源，所述传输资源用于传输所述第一业务。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一数据包包括第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息来自所述用户设备，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述用户设备请求所述第一业务。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一指示信息：
    通过无线资源控制RRC消息传输；或，
    通过上行数据的分组数据汇聚协议PDCP层传输；或，
    通过接入网比特速率查询ANBRQ消息传输；或，
    通过上行数据的传输控制协议TCP层或网际协议IP层传输至核心网设备，并由所述核心网设备通过N2消息或下行数据的通用无线分组业务隧道协议GTP层传输。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一数据包包括第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息来自用户面功能网元UPF，所述第二指示信息用于指示所述用户设备请求所述第一业务。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述第一数据包，确定用户设备请求应用层的第一业务，包括：
    根据所述第一数据包的大小，确定所述用户设备请求所述第一业务。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，根据所述第一数据包的大小，确定所述用户设备请求所述第一业务，包括：
    根据所述第一数据包的大小满足预设条件，确定所述用户设备请求所述第一业务，
    其中，所述预设条件为：
    数据包的大小大于第一负载门限值；或者，
    数据包的大小小于第二负载门限值；或者，
    数据包的大小大于所述第一负载门限值且小于所述第二负载门限值。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    从应用服务器接收第一信息，所述第一信息包括所述第一负载门限值和/或所述第二负载门限值、以及第三指示信息，所述第三指示信息用于指示由接入网设备确定所述用户设备是否请求所述第一业务。
  8. 根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    从应用服务器接收第二信息，所述第二信息包括标识信息和所述标识信息对应的数据量，所述标识信息用于指示码率。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一数据包还包括第四指示信息，所述第四指示信息用于指示第一码率；
    所述确定所述用户设备请求所述第一业务的数据量，包括：
    根据所述第一码率和所述第二信息，确定所述用户设备请求所述第一业务的数据量。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二信息还包括所述标识信息对应的网络需求信息；
    所述确定所述用户设备请求所述第一业务的数据量，包括：
    根据网络状况和所述第二信息，确定所述用户设备请求所述第一业务的数据量。
  11. 根据权利要求8或10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二信息还包括用于辅助选择码率的信息。
  12. 根据权利要求1至11中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述数据量确定传输资源，包括：
    根据所述数据量和时间信息，确定所述传输资源，所述时间信息用于指示所述第一业务的到达时间的估计值。
  13. 一种传输业务的方法，其特征在于，包括：
    接收来自用户设备的第二数据包；
    根据所述第二数据包的大小，确定所述用户设备请求应用层的第一业务；
    向接入网设备发送第一数据包，所述第一数据包包括第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息用于指示所述用户设备请求所述第一业务。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述第二数据包的大小，确定所述用户设备请求应用层的第一业务包括：
    根据所述第二数据包的大小满足预设条件，确定所述用户设备请求所述第一业务，
    其中，所述预设条件为：
    数据包的大小大于第一负载门限值；或者，
    数据包的大小小于第二负载门限值；或者，
    数据包的大小大于所述第一负载门限值且小于所述第二负载门限值。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    在检测到第一业务时，向会话管理功能网元SMF发送第五指示信息，所述第五指示信息用于指示检测到所述用户设备访问所述第一业务。
  16. 根据权利要求14或15所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    从会话管理功能网元SMF接收第三信息，所述第三信息包括所述第一负载门限值和/或所述第二负载门限值、以及第六指示信息，所述第六指示信息用于指示由用户面功能网元UPF确定用户设备是否请求所述第一业务。
  17. 一种传输媒体业务的方法，其特征在于，包括：
    请求第一业务；
    发送第一数据包，所述第一数据包包括第一指示信息和/或第四指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示用户设备请求应用层的第一业务，所述第四指示信息用于指示第一码率，所述第一码率用于确定所述第一业务的数据量。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    接收来自应用服务器的第七指示信息，所述第七指示信息用于指示由所述用户设备上报所述第一码率。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    从所述应用服务器接收标识信息，所述标识信息用于指示码率。
  20. 根据权利要求17至19中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一指示信息和/或所述第四指示信息：
    通过无线资源控制RRC消息传输；或，
    通过上行数据的分组数据汇聚协议PDCP层传输；或，
    通过接入网比特速率查询ANBRQ消息传输；或，
    通过上行数据的传输控制协议TCP层或网际协议IP层传输至核心网设备，并由所述核心网设备通过N2消息或下行数据的通用无线分组业务隧道协议GTP层传输。
  21. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括用于执行如权利要求1至20中任一项所述的方法的模块或单元。
  22. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括处理器和存储器，所述处理器和所述存储器耦合，所述存储器用于存储计算机程序，所述处理器用于执行所述存储器中存储的计算机程序以实现如权利要求1至20中任一项所述的方法。
  23. 一种芯片，其特征在于，包括处理器和存储器，所述处理器和所述存储器耦合，所述存储器用于存储计算机程序，所述处理器用于执行所述存储器中存储的计算机程序以实现如权利要求1至20中任一项所述的方法。
  24. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，包括计算机程序，当所述计算机程序在计算机上运行时，使得所述计算机执行如权利要求1至20中任一项所述的方法。
  25. 一种计算机程序产品，其特征在于，包括计算机程序，当所述计算机程序被运行时，如权利要求1至20中任一项所述的方法被执行。
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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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US20080232260A1 (en) * 2005-10-05 2008-09-25 Electronics And Telecommunications Research Institute Method for Requesting Resource and Scheduling for Uplink Traffic in Mobile Communication and Apparatus Thereof
WO2018027882A1 (zh) * 2016-08-12 2018-02-15 华为技术有限公司 业务数据传输的方法、网络设备和终端设备
CN110557839A (zh) * 2018-05-30 2019-12-10 中国移动通信有限公司研究院 调度请求的处理方法、配置方法、终端及网络侧设备
CN111491312A (zh) * 2019-01-28 2020-08-04 中国移动通信有限公司研究院 无线资源预测分配、获取、训练神经网络的方法及设备

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WO2018027882A1 (zh) * 2016-08-12 2018-02-15 华为技术有限公司 业务数据传输的方法、网络设备和终端设备
CN110557839A (zh) * 2018-05-30 2019-12-10 中国移动通信有限公司研究院 调度请求的处理方法、配置方法、终端及网络侧设备
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