WO2022062256A1 - 一种底板后浇带结构及施工方法 - Google Patents

一种底板后浇带结构及施工方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022062256A1
WO2022062256A1 PCT/CN2020/141422 CN2020141422W WO2022062256A1 WO 2022062256 A1 WO2022062256 A1 WO 2022062256A1 CN 2020141422 W CN2020141422 W CN 2020141422W WO 2022062256 A1 WO2022062256 A1 WO 2022062256A1
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Prior art keywords
post
end surface
casting belt
water
concrete
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PCT/CN2020/141422
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
钱林弟
李忠人
计琪琪
姚壮志
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江苏凯伦建材股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2022062256A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022062256A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/16—Arrangement or construction of joints in foundation structures
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D31/00—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
    • E02D31/02—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution against ground humidity or ground water
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D31/00—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
    • E02D31/02—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution against ground humidity or ground water
    • E02D31/025—Draining membranes, sheets or fabric specially adapted therefor, e.g. with dimples
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/66—Sealings
    • E04B1/68—Sealings of joints, e.g. expansion joints
    • E04B1/6806—Waterstops
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/66—Sealings
    • E04B1/68—Sealings of joints, e.g. expansion joints
    • E04B1/6812—Compressable seals of solid form

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of building construction, and relates to a post-casting belt structure of a base plate and a construction method thereof.
  • the post-casting belt of the bottom plate means that the "gap" of 700-1000mm should be disconnected in the basement wall structure at intervals. After the settlement and shrinkage of the structure tend to be complete, the remaining "gap” will be closed by pouring.
  • post-casting belt at present, post-casting belt can basically completely replace the function of deformation joint, and it is widely used.
  • the post-pouring belt of the basement floor especially the post-pouring belt that plays a role in settlement, often has to wait for the structure to be capped before reaching the pouring time. Therefore, the post-pouring belt of the floor needs to wait for the concrete on both sides to be poured for a period of time before pouring the post-concrete.
  • the time interval between two concrete pours is relatively large, and leakage is likely to occur at the construction joints.
  • water-stop steel plates are pre-buried in the construction joints of the two concrete pours.
  • the back-casting belt of the bottom plate is easy to accumulate garbage mud and so on.
  • it is difficult to clean the post-casting belt, especially under the water-stop steel plate, which leads to the inability to guarantee the quality of the concrete and increases the risk of leakage.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a post-casting belt structure of the bottom plate and a construction method thereof, which can effectively ensure the quality of concrete pouring.
  • a first aspect of the present invention provides a floor post-cast belt structure, comprising a first concrete portion and a second concrete portion spaced apart from each other, and a post-cast belt located between the first concrete portion and the second concrete portion , a first water stop for sealing the joint between the post-cast strip and the first concrete part, and a water stop for sealing the joint between the post-cast strip and the second concrete part
  • a second water stop plate, a first upper end surface and a first lower end surface are formed on a surface of the first concrete part facing the second concrete part, and the second concrete part faces the first concrete
  • a second upper end surface and a second lower end surface are formed on one side surface of the part, and the distance between the first upper end surface and the second upper end surface is greater than the distance between the first lower end surface and the second lower end surface.
  • the post-casting belt is located between the first upper end surface and the second upper end surface, and a lower seam is formed between the first lower end surface and the second lower end surface;
  • the first A first step surface is formed between the upper end surface and the first lower end surface, and the first water stop plate is inclined or vertically arranged at the first step surface and the lower surface of the post-casting belt;
  • the A second step surface is formed between the second upper end surface and the second lower end surface, and the first water stop plate is obliquely or vertically disposed at the second step surface and the lower surface of the post-casting belt.
  • the first water-stop steel plate is vertically embedded in the post-casting belt and the first concrete part; the second water-stop steel plate is vertically embedded in the post-cast belt and the first concrete part. in the second concrete part.
  • the first water stop plate intersects the horizontal plane obliquely, and the inclination angle is not less than 45 degrees; and/or, the second water stop plate obliquely intersects the horizontal plane, and the inclination angle is not less than 45 degrees. Further, the inclination angle is greater than 60 degrees.
  • first step surface and the second step surface are respectively parallel to the horizontal plane.
  • first upper end surface and the first lower end surface respectively extend vertically but do not overlap; the second upper end surface and the second lower end surface respectively extend vertically but do not overlap.
  • a water-swellable water-stop rubber strip is arranged between the first upper end surface and one side surface of the post-casting belt, and a water-swellable water-stop rubber strip is arranged between the second upper end surface and the other side surface of the post-casting belt. Water-swellable waterstop strip.
  • a groove is provided on the first upper end face and/or the post-casting belt, a groove is provided on the second upper end face and/or the post-casting belt, and the water-swellable water-stop rubber strip is set in the groove.
  • the lower seam is filled with a polystyrene board, and a waterproof coating is provided between the polystyrene board and the first lower end surface, and between the polystyrene board and the second lower end surface.
  • the lower part of the lower seam is provided with a waterstop.
  • the first concrete part has a first sinking section extending downward, and the upper surface and the side end surface of the first sinking section respectively form the first stepped surface and the first lower end surface; so
  • the second concrete part has a second sinking section extending downward, the upper surface and the side end surface of the second sinking section respectively form the second step surface and the second lower end surface, and the lower joint It is formed between the first sinking section and the second sinking section, and the post-casting belt is arranged on the first sinking section and the second sinking section.
  • a first waterproof layer and a second waterproof layer are provided below the first sinking section and the second sinking section.
  • a second aspect of the present invention provides a construction method for a post-casting belt structure of a base plate, comprising the following steps:
  • a first water stop plate and a second water stop plate that are inclined or extended vertically are provided;
  • the sinking sections on both sides are poured, and the joints between the sinking sections are filled with waterproof material, so that the lower part of the first water stop is embedded in the sinking section on one side, and the lower part of the second water stop is embedded in the lower part of the other side. in the sinking section;
  • the post-pouring tape is poured above the sinking section on both sides and in the gap between the concrete on both sides.
  • the construction method further includes: before pouring the concrete on both sides, arranging water-swellable water-stop rubber strips on both sides.
  • the construction method further comprises: prearranging an externally attached waterstop corresponding to the seam before disposing the first waterstop plate and the second waterstop plate.
  • the present invention adopts the above scheme, has the following advantages compared with the prior art:
  • the post-casting belt structure and construction method of the base plate of the present invention are formed by forming stepped surfaces on the concrete parts on both sides, setting the post-casting belt on the stepped surfaces, and forming lower joints between the lower end surfaces of the two sides, so that the The inclined or vertically extending water stop plates are arranged on the step surfaces on both sides, and the concrete on both sides and below the water stop plate can be vibrated sufficiently, avoiding the quality problems caused by the incomplete vibration of the concrete; It will form occlusion and make cleaning difficult.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a post-casting tape structure of a base plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the first concrete part 10. The first sinking section; 11. The first upper end surface; 12. The first step surface; 13. The first lower end surface;
  • the second concrete part 20.
  • the first sinking section 21.
  • Fine stone concrete isolation layer 72. First waterproof layer; 73. Second waterproof layer; 74. Concrete cushion.
  • the floor post-casting belt structure includes a first concrete part 1 and a second concrete part 2 which are spaced apart from each other. Between the first concrete part 1 and the second concrete part 2 , a post-casting belt 3 is arranged.
  • the bottom plate post-casting belt structure further includes a first water stop plate 41 for sealing the joint between the post-casting belt 3 and the first concrete part 1 and a water stop plate 41 for sealing between the post-casting belt 3 and the second concrete part 2
  • the second water stop plate 42 of the joint, the first water stop plate 41 and the second water stop plate 42 are preferably steel plates with a thickness of about 0.6 mm, more preferably galvanized steel plates, and furthermore, the surface is coated with a plastic film.
  • Zinc steel sheet, the film can be butyl rubber film.
  • a first upper end surface 11 and a first lower end surface 13 are formed on a surface (specifically, the right side surface in FIG. 1 ) of the first concrete portion 1 facing the second concrete portion 2 , and the first upper end surface 11 and the first The lower end faces 13 respectively extend vertically (perpendicular to the horizontal plane) but do not coincide.
  • a second upper end surface 21 and a second lower end surface 23 are formed on a surface (specifically, the left side surface in FIG. 1 ) of the second concrete portion 2 facing the first concrete portion 1 , and the second upper end surface 21 and the second The lower end faces 23 respectively extend vertically (perpendicular to the horizontal plane) but do not coincide.
  • the distance between the first upper end surface 11 and the second upper end surface 21 is greater than the distance between the first lower end surface 13 and the second lower end surface 23;
  • the so-called “gap” reserves space for the post-casting belt 3, and the post-casting belt 3 is located in the gap formed between the first upper end surface 11 and the second upper end surface 21, and the width of the gap is 700-1000 mm;
  • a lower seam is formed between the lower end face 13 and the second lower end face 23 , and the lower seam is preferably located just below the middle of the post-casting belt 3 .
  • a first stepped surface 12 facing upward is formed between the first upper end surface 11 and the first lower end surface 13 ;
  • a second stepped surface 22 facing upward is formed between the second upper end surface 21 and the second lower end surface 23 .
  • first concrete part 1 has a first sinking section 10 extending downward, and the upper surface and the side end surface of the first sinking section 10 respectively form the above-mentioned first stepped surface 12 and first lower end surface 13;
  • second The concrete part 2 has a second sinking section 20 extending downward, and the upper surface and the side end surface of the second sinking section 20 respectively form a second stepped surface 22 and a second lower end surface 23 .
  • the lower seam is formed between the first sinking section 10 and the second sinking section 20 , and the post-casting belt 3 is arranged on the first sinking section 10 and the second sinking section 20 .
  • the first stepped surface 12 and the second stepped surface 22 are respectively parallel to the horizontal plane.
  • the first water stop plate 41 is vertically disposed on the first step surface 12 and the lower surface of the post-casting belt 3 , and the first water stop plate 41 is perpendicular to the horizontal plane.
  • the first water stop plate 41 can also be disposed obliquely at the first step surface 12 and the lower surface of the post-casting belt 3, that is, it obliquely intersects with the horizontal plane, and the inclination angle is preferably not less than 45 degrees, more preferably not less than 60 degrees.
  • the first water stop plate 41 spans the joint between the first step surface 12 and the lower surface of the post-casting belt 3 , and the upper part is embedded in the post-casting belt 3 , and the lower part is embedded in the first sinking section 10 .
  • the second water stop plate 42 is vertically disposed on the second step surface 22 and the lower surface of the post-casting belt 3 , and the second water stop plate 42 is perpendicular to the horizontal plane.
  • the second water stop plate 42 can also be disposed obliquely at the second step surface 22 and the lower surface of the post-casting belt 3, that is, intersecting the horizontal plane obliquely, and the inclination angle is preferably not less than 45 degrees, more preferably not less than 60 degrees.
  • the second water stop plate 42 spans the joint between the second step surface 22 and the lower surface of the post-casting belt 3 , and the upper part is embedded in the post-casting belt 3 , and the lower part is embedded in the second sinking section 20 .
  • a water-swellable water-stop rubber strip 5 is provided, and between the second upper end surface 21 and the other side surface of the post-casting belt 3, there is a water-swellable water-swelling stopper.
  • Water glue strip 5 The size of the section of the water-swellable water-stop rubber strip 5 is 20mm ⁇ 30mm.
  • the water-swellable water-stop rubber strip 5 can be arranged in a groove formed on the first upper end surface 11 , the second upper end surface 21 and/or the post-casting belt 3 .
  • the lower seam is filled with polystyrene board 61, and the gap is filled with the polystyrene board.
  • a waterproof coating 62 such as a non-cured rubber asphalt waterproof coating, is provided between the polystyrene board 61 and the first lower end surface 13 , and between the polystyrene board 61 and the second lower end surface 23 .
  • the lower part of the lower seam is provided with an externally attached waterstop 63 in advance.
  • a first waterproof layer 72 and a second waterproof layer 73 are provided below the first sinking section 10 and the second sinking section 20 .
  • a fine stone concrete isolation layer 71 , a first waterproof layer 72 , a second waterproof layer 73 and a concrete cushion layer 74 are sequentially stacked below the first sinking section 10 and the second sinking section 20 from top to bottom.
  • the first waterproof layer 72 or the second waterproof layer 73 preferably adopts a polymer self-adhesive film to pre-apply a waterproof roll layer with a thickness of 300-500 mm.
  • the present embodiment also provides a construction method for the above-mentioned base plate post-cast belt structure, comprising the following steps:
  • a first water stop plate and a second water stop plate that are inclined or extended vertically are provided;
  • the sinking sections on both sides are poured, and the joints between the sinking sections are filled with waterproof material, so that the lower part of the first water stop is embedded in the sinking section on one side, and the lower part of the second water stop is embedded in the lower part of the other side. in the sinking section;
  • the post-pouring tape is poured above the sinking section on both sides and in the gap between the concrete on both sides.
  • the concrete process of pouring and curing after the bottom plate is as follows: after the structural deformation and settlement meet the requirements, the impermeable concrete with a strength level higher than that of the large-surface structure with compensated shrinkage is used for pouring according to the specification requirements, and the curing time is not less than 14 days, preferably 28 days for curing.
  • the water-stop plate perpendicular to the horizontal direction and the water-swellable water-stop rubber strips on both sides can eliminate the blocking of the bottom of the post-casting belt and facilitate cleaning.

Abstract

本发明公开了一种底板后浇带结构及施工方法。该底板后浇带结构通过在两侧的混凝土部上形成台阶面，将后浇带设置在台阶面上，而且两侧的下端面之间形成下接缝，从而能够在两侧的台阶面上设置倾斜延伸或竖直延伸的止水板，止水板两侧及下方的混凝土都可以振捣充分，避免了因混凝土振捣不完全而产生的质量问题；同时，不会形成遮挡而导致清理困难的问题。

Description

一种底板后浇带结构及施工方法
相关申请的交叉引用
本发明要求2020年9月23日提交的申请号为CN 2020110068364的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用的方式并入本申请中。
技术领域
本发明属于建筑施工技术领域，涉及一种底板后浇带结构及其施工方法。
背景技术
根据2014年7月4日，中国建筑防水协会与北京零点市场调查与分析公司联合发布的《2013年全国建筑渗漏状况调查项目报告》。目前我国的地下室渗漏率达到57.51％，而地下室侧墙后浇带部位由于是混凝土结构的薄弱点，加上由于地下结构需要及时回填等原因，外包柔性防水层也难以发挥其功能，导致后浇带部位渗漏问题更加突出。
底板后浇带指的是地下室墙体结构每隔一段距离就要断开700-1000mm的“缺口”，等结构的沉降及收缩趋于完全后，再将留下的“缺口”浇筑封闭，故名之“后浇带”，目前后浇带基本能完全替代变形缝的功能，应用普遍。
地下室底板后浇带，特别是起到沉降作用的后浇带，往往要等结构封顶才能达到浇筑时间，所以底板后浇带需要等两侧混凝土浇筑一段时间后才能浇筑后浇带混凝土。两次混凝土浇筑的时间间隔较大，施工缝处容易产生渗漏，一般用止水钢板预埋在两次混凝土浇筑的施工缝处。
后浇带部位混凝土浇筑非常重要，而一般做法中由于止水钢板水平放置(如中国专利CN211006775U公开的一种地下室底板后浇带止水结构)，容易导致止水钢板下方的混凝土很难振捣完全，混凝土浇筑质量下降，加大渗漏风险。
另一方面，底板后浇带易聚集垃圾泥浆等。但由于后浇带部位存在钢筋，后浇带部位尤其是止水钢板下方很难清理到，从而导致混凝土的质量无法得到保证，增加渗漏风险。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种底板后浇带结构及其施工方法，有效保证混凝土浇筑质量。
本发明第一个方面提供一种底板后浇带结构，包括相互隔开的第一混凝土部和第二混凝土部、位于所述第一混凝土部和所述第二混凝土部之间的后浇带、用于密封所述后浇带和所述第一混凝土部之间的接缝的第一止水板、及用于密封所述后浇带和所述第二混凝土部之间的接缝的第二止水板，所述第一混凝土部的面向所述第二混凝土部的一侧表面上形成有第一上端面和第一下端面，所述第二混凝土部的面向所述第一混凝土部的一侧表面上形成有第二上端面和第二下端面，所述第一上端面和所述第二上端面之间的距离大于所述第一下端面和所述第二下端面之间的距离，所述后浇带位于所述第一上端面和所述第二上端面之间，所述第一下端面和所述第二下端面之间形成下接缝；所述第一上端面和所述第一下端面之间形成第一台阶面，所述第一止水板倾斜或竖直地设置于所述第一台阶面和所述后浇带的下表面处；所述第二上端面和所述第二下端面之间形成第二台阶面，所述第一止水板倾斜或竖直地设置于所述第二台阶面和所述后浇带的下表面处。
优选地，所述第一止水钢板竖直地嵌设在所述后浇带和所述第一混凝土部中；所述第二止水钢板竖直地嵌设在所述后浇带和所述第二混凝土部中。
可选地，所述第一止水板与水平面倾斜相交，倾角不小于45度；和/或，所述第二止水板与水平面倾斜相交，倾角不小于45度。进一步地，所述倾角大于60度。
更优选地，所述第一台阶面和第二台阶面分别平行于水平面。
进一步地，所述第一上端面和所述第一下端面分别竖直延伸但不相重合；所述第二上端面和所述第二下端面分别竖直延伸但不相重合。
所述第一上端面和所述后浇带的一侧表面之间设置有遇水膨胀止水胶条，所述第二上端面和所述后浇带的另一侧表面之间设置有遇水膨胀止水胶条。
进一步地，所述第一上端面和/或所述后浇带上设置有槽，所述第二上端面和/或所述后浇带上设置有槽，所述遇水膨胀止水胶条设置在所述槽内。
优选地，所述下接缝中填充有聚苯板，所述聚苯板和所述第一下端面、所述聚苯板和所述第二下端面之间设有防水涂料。
优选地，所述下接缝的下部设有止水带。
优选地，所述第一混凝土部具有向下延伸的第一下沉段，所述第一下沉段的上表面和侧端面分别形成所述第一台阶面和所述第一下端面；所述第二混凝土部具有向下延伸的第二下 沉段，所述第二下沉段的上表面和侧端面分别形成所述第二台阶面和所述第二下端面，所述下接缝形成于所述第一下沉段和所述第二下沉段之间，所述后浇带设置于所述第一下沉段和所述第二下沉段之上。
更优选地，所述第一下沉段和所述第二下沉段的下方设置有第一防水层和第二防水层。
本发明第二个方面提供一种底板后浇带结构的施工方法，包括如下步骤：
设置倾斜或竖直延伸的第一止水板和第二止水板；
浇注两侧下沉段，下沉段之间的接缝处填充防水材料，使第一止水板的下部嵌于一侧下沉段中，第二止水板的下部嵌于另一侧下沉段中；
设置两侧钢筋；
浇注两侧的混凝土，两侧的混凝土之间预留700～1000mm的缺口，且所述缺口形成于两侧下沉段之上；
待收缩或沉降稳定后，在两侧下沉段之上及两侧混凝土之间的缺口中浇注后浇带。
优选地，所述施工方法还包括：在浇注两侧的混凝土之前，设置两侧的遇水膨胀止水胶条。
优选地，所述施工方法还包括：在设置第一止水板和第二止水板之前预先设置对应所述接缝的外贴式止水带。
本发明采用以上方案，相比现有技术具有如下优点：
本发明的底板后浇带结构及施工方法，通过在两侧的混凝土部上形成台阶面，将后浇带设置在台阶面上，而且两侧的下端面之间形成下接缝，从而能够在两侧的台阶面上设置倾斜延伸或竖直延伸的止水板，止水板两侧及下方的混凝土都可以振捣充分，避免了因混凝土振捣不完全而产生的质量问题；同时，不会形成遮挡而导致清理困难的问题。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为根据本发明的一种实施例的底板后浇带结构的示意图。
其中：
1、第一混凝土部；10、第一下沉段；11、第一上端面；12、第一台阶面；13、第一下端面；
2、第二混凝土部；20、第一下沉段；21、第一上端面；22、第一台阶面；23、第一下端面；
3、后浇带；
41、第一止水板；42、第二止水板；
5、遇水膨胀止水胶条；
61、聚苯板；62、防水涂料；63、外贴式止水带；
71、细石混凝土隔离层；72、第一防水层；73、第二防水层；74、混凝土垫层。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的较佳实施例进行详细阐述，以使本发明的优点和特征能更易于被本领域的技术人员理解。在此需要说明的是，对于这些实施方式的说明用于帮助理解本发明，但并不构成对本发明的限定。
在本申请的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“横向”、“上”、“下”“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”以及“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。此外，需要说明的是，当元件被称为“形成在另一元件上”时，它可以直接连接到另一元件上或者可能同时存在居中元件。当一个元件被认为是“连接”另一个元件，它可以直接连接到另一元件或者同时存在居中元件。相反，当元件被称作“直接在”另一元件“上”时，不存在中间元件。
本实施例提供一种底板后浇带结构，具体是一种地下室的底板后浇带结构。参照图1所示，该底板后浇带结构包括相互隔开的第一混凝土部1和第二混凝土部2。第一混凝土部1和第二混凝土部2之间设置后浇带3。该底板后浇带结构还包括用于密封后浇带3和第一混凝土部1之间的接缝的第一止水板41及用于密封后浇带3和第二混凝土部2之间的接缝的第二止水板42，第一止水板41和第二止水板42优选为钢板，厚度约为0.6mm，更优选为镀锌钢板， 进一步地为表面包覆胶膜的镀锌钢板，胶膜可以为丁基橡胶胶膜。
第一混凝土部1的面向第二混凝土部2的一侧表面(具体为图1中的右侧表面)上形成有第一上端面11和第一下端面13，第一上端面11和第一下端面13分别竖直延伸(垂直于水平面)但不相重合。第二混凝土部2的面向第一混凝土部1的一侧表面(具体为图1中的左侧表面)上形成有第二上端面21和第二下端面23，第二上端面21和第二下端面23分别竖直延伸(垂直于水平面)但不相重合。其中，第一上端面11和第二上端面21之间的距离大于第一下端面13和第二下端面23之间的距离；从而在第一上端面11和第二上端面21之间形成所谓的“缺口”，为后浇带3预留空间，后浇带3即位于形成于第一上端面11和第二上端面21之间的缺口内，缺口的宽度为700～1000mm；第一下端面13和第二下端面23之间形成下接缝，该下接缝优选位于后浇带3的中部的正下方。第一上端面11和第一下端面13之间形成面向上方的第一台阶面12；第二上端面21和第二下端面23之间形成面向上方的第二台阶面22。
进一步地，第一混凝土部1具有向下延伸的第一下沉段10，第一下沉段10的上表面和侧端面分别形成上述的第一台阶面12和第一下端面13；第二混凝土部2具有向下延伸的第二下沉段20，第二下沉段20的上表面和侧端面分别形成第二台阶面22和第二下端面23。下接缝形成于第一下沉段10和第二下沉段20之间，后浇带3设置于第一下沉段10和第二下沉段20之上。第一台阶面12和第二台阶面22分别平行于水平面。
本实施例中，第一止水板41竖直地设置于第一台阶面12和后浇带3的下表面处，第一止水板41垂直于水平面。第一止水板41也可以倾斜地设置于第一台阶面12和后浇带3的下表面处，即与水平面倾斜相交，倾角优选为不小于45度，更优选为不小于60度。第一止水板41跨过第一台阶面12和后浇带3的下表面之间的接缝，且上部嵌入后浇带3，下部嵌入第一下沉段10。
本实施例中，第二止水板42竖直地设置于第二台阶面22和后浇带3的下表面处，第二止水板42垂直于水平面。第二止水板42也可以倾斜地设置于第二台阶面22和后浇带3的下表面处，即与水平面倾斜相交，倾角优选为不小于45度，更优选为不小于60度。第二止水板42跨过第二台阶面22和后浇带3的下表面之间的接缝，且上部嵌入后浇带3，下部嵌入第二下沉段20。
第一上端面11和后浇带3的一侧表面之间设置有遇水膨胀止水胶条5，第二上端面21 和后浇带3的另一侧表面之间设置有遇水膨胀止水胶条5。遇水膨胀止水胶条5的截面的尺寸为20mm×30mm。遇水膨胀止水胶条5可以设置于开设于第一上端面11、第二上端面21和/或后浇带3上的槽内。
下接缝中填充有聚苯板61，通过聚苯板填缝。聚苯板61和第一下端面13、聚苯板61和第二下端面23之间设有防水涂料62，例如非固化橡胶沥青防水涂料。下接缝的下部预先设有外贴式止水带63。
第一下沉段10和第二下沉段20的下方设置有第一防水层72和第二防水层73。优选地，第一下沉段10和第二下沉段20的下方自上至下依次层叠设置有细石混凝土隔离层71、第一防水层72、第二防水层73及混凝土垫层74。第一防水层72或第二防水层73优选采用高分子自粘胶膜预铺防水卷层，厚度为300～500mm。
本实施例还提供一种上述底板后浇带结构的施工方法，包括如下步骤：
预先设置对应两侧下沉段之间的接缝的外贴式止水带；
设置倾斜或竖直延伸的第一止水板和第二止水板；
浇注两侧下沉段，下沉段之间的接缝处填充防水材料，使第一止水板的下部嵌于一侧下沉段中，第二止水板的下部嵌于另一侧下沉段中；
设置两侧钢筋，并设置两侧的遇水膨胀止水胶条；
浇注两侧的混凝土，两侧的混凝土之间预留700～1000mm的缺口，且缺口形成于两侧下沉段之上；缺口的宽度优选为800mm，两侧的混凝土和两侧的下沉段即为上述的第一混凝土部和第二混凝土部；
待收缩或沉降稳定后，在两侧下沉段之上及两侧混凝土之间的缺口中浇注后浇带。
工艺过程简述为：设置外贴式止水带——设置镀锌钢板——浇筑下沉段——空隙处用非固化橡胶沥青防水涂料填充——绑扎两侧钢筋及设着遇水膨胀止水胶——浇筑两侧混凝土——待收缩或沉降稳定后浇筑后浇带混凝土。
其中，底板后浇带浇筑及养护的具体过程为：待结构变形和沉降达到要求后，按规范要求采用比大面结构高一个强度等级的带补偿收缩的抗渗混凝土浇筑，养护时间不少于14天，优选值为养护28天。
上述底板后浇带结构及其施工方法具有如下特点：
1、解决后浇带清理困难的问题
常规做法中由于后浇带部位存在钢筋，导致后浇带3混凝土浇筑前后止水钢板下方存在的淤泥、垃圾等难以清理，清理效果很差。而本实施例中的垂直于水平方向的止水板和两侧的遇水膨胀止水胶条能消除对后浇带底部的遮挡而方便清理。
2、解决混凝土浇筑的质量问题
常规做法中由于止水钢板水平设置，容易导致止水钢板下方的混凝土振捣不完全、空鼓等现象。而本实施例取消了水平方向的止水钢板，使得混凝土能得到充分的振捣，避免了因混凝土振捣不完全而产生的质量问题。
基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种底板后浇带结构，包括相互隔开的第一混凝土部和第二混凝土部、位于所述第一混凝土部和所述第二混凝土部之间的后浇带、用于密封所述后浇带和所述第一混凝土部之间的接缝的第一止水板、及用于密封所述后浇带和所述第二混凝土部之间的接缝的第二止水板，其特征在于：所述第一混凝土部的面向所述第二混凝土部的一侧表面上形成有第一上端面和第一下端面，所述第二混凝土部的面向所述第一混凝土部的一侧表面上形成有第二上端面和第二下端面，所述第一上端面和所述第二上端面之间的距离大于所述第一下端面和所述第二下端面之间的距离，所述后浇带位于所述第一上端面和所述第二上端面之间，所述第一下端面和所述第二下端面之间形成下接缝；所述第一上端面和所述第一下端面之间形成第一台阶面，所述第一止水板倾斜或竖直地设置于所述第一台阶面和所述后浇带的下表面处；所述第二上端面和所述第二下端面之间形成第二台阶面，所述第一止水板倾斜或竖直地设置于所述第二台阶面和所述后浇带的下表面处。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的底板后浇带结构，其特征在于：所述第一止水钢板竖直地嵌设在所述后浇带和所述第一混凝土部中；和/或，所述第二止水钢板竖直地嵌设在所述后浇带和所述第二混凝土部中。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的底板后浇带结构，其特征在于：所述第一止水板与水平面倾斜相交，倾角不小于45度；和/或，所述第二止水板与水平面倾斜相交，倾角不小于45度。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的底板后浇带结构，其特征在于：所述第一台阶面和第二台阶面分别平行于水平面。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的底板后浇带结构，其特征在于：所述第一上端面和所述第一下端面分别竖直延伸但不相重合；所述第二上端面和所述第二下端面分别竖直延伸但不相重合。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的底板后浇带结构，其特征在于：所述第一上端面和所述后浇带的一侧表面之间设置有遇水膨胀止水胶条，所述第二上端面和所述后浇带的另一侧表面之间设置有遇水膨胀止水胶条。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的底板后浇带结构，其特征在于：所述第一上端面和/或所述后浇带上设置有槽，所述第二上端面和/或所述后浇带上设置有槽，所述遇水膨胀止水胶条设置 在所述槽内。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的底板后浇带结构，其特征在于：所述下接缝中填充有聚苯板，所述聚苯板和所述第一下端面、所述聚苯板和所述第二下端面之间设有防水涂料。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的底板后浇带结构，其特征在于：所述下接缝的下部设有止水带。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的底板后浇带结构，其特征在于：所述第一混凝土部具有向下延伸的第一下沉段，所述第一下沉段的上表面和侧端面分别形成所述第一台阶面和所述第一下端面；所述第二混凝土部具有向下延伸的第二下沉段，所述第二下沉段的上表面和侧端面分别形成所述第二台阶面和所述第二下端面，所述下接缝形成于所述第一下沉段和所述第二下沉段之间，所述后浇带设置于所述第一下沉段和所述第二下沉段之上。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的底板后浇带结构，其特征在于：所述第一下沉段和所述第二下沉段的下方设置有第一防水层和第二防水层。
  12. 一种底板后浇带结构的施工方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
    设置倾斜或竖直延伸的第一止水板和第二止水板；
    浇注两侧下沉段，下沉段之间的接缝处填充防水材料，使第一止水板的下部嵌于一侧下沉段中，二止水板的下部嵌于另一侧下沉段中；
    设置两侧钢筋；
    浇注两侧的混凝土，两侧的混凝土之间预留700～1000mm的缺口，且所述缺口形成于两侧下沉段之上；
    待收缩或沉降稳定后，在两侧下沉段之上及两侧混凝土之间的缺口中浇注后浇带。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的施工方法，其特征在于，所述施工方法还包括：在浇注两侧的混凝土之前，设置两侧的遇水膨胀止水胶条。
  14. 根据权利要求12所述的施工方法，其特征在于：在所述施工方法还包括：设置第一止水板和第二止水板之前预先设置对应所述接缝的止水带。
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