WO2022057240A1 - 基于声场感知的低功耗声学接近报警装置和报警方法 - Google Patents

基于声场感知的低功耗声学接近报警装置和报警方法 Download PDF

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WO2022057240A1
WO2022057240A1 PCT/CN2021/085758 CN2021085758W WO2022057240A1 WO 2022057240 A1 WO2022057240 A1 WO 2022057240A1 CN 2021085758 W CN2021085758 W CN 2021085758W WO 2022057240 A1 WO2022057240 A1 WO 2022057240A1
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alarm device
alarm
pressure sensor
preamplifier
gain
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PCT/CN2021/085758
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French (fr)
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何呈
毕雪洁
李晓曼
马林
吴游
罗成名
王彪
聂星阳
郑威
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江苏科技大学
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Priority to KR1020237010369A priority Critical patent/KR20230056762A/ko
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B3/00—Audible signalling systems; Audible personal calling systems
    • G08B3/10—Audible signalling systems; Audible personal calling systems using electric transmission; using electromagnetic transmission
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L9/00—Measuring steady of quasi-steady pressure of fluid or fluent solid material by electric or magnetic pressure-sensitive elements; Transmitting or indicating the displacement of mechanical pressure-sensitive elements, used to measure the steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or fluent solid material, by electric or magnetic means
    • G01L9/0001—Transmitting or indicating the displacement of elastically deformable gauges by electric, electro-mechanical, magnetic or electro-magnetic means
    • G01L9/0008—Transmitting or indicating the displacement of elastically deformable gauges by electric, electro-mechanical, magnetic or electro-magnetic means using vibrations
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/16—Actuation by interference with mechanical vibrations in air or other fluid
    • G08B13/1654—Actuation by interference with mechanical vibrations in air or other fluid using passive vibration detection systems
    • G08B13/1672—Actuation by interference with mechanical vibrations in air or other fluid using passive vibration detection systems using sonic detecting means, e.g. a microphone operating in the audio frequency range
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/02—Casings; Cabinets ; Supports therefor; Mountings therein
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

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  • the invention belongs to the technical field of acoustic target detection, and in particular relates to a proximity alarm device and an alarm method based on sound field perception.
  • Proximity alarm devices are usually used to solve application scenarios that need to maintain a safe range around the equipment, and alarm when other objects enter the safe range.
  • the acoustic proximity alarm system uses the influence of the target on the sound propagation to realize the detection of the intrusion target. It can be used to alert unknown intruders to avoid unnecessary injury and loss.
  • the commonly used acoustic proximity alarm device detects the target by continuously sending out detection sound waves, which consumes a lot of power.
  • the present invention discloses a low-power acoustic proximity alarm device method based on sound field perception. For occasions that are sensitive to power consumption and require long-term monitoring.
  • One aspect of the present invention discloses a low-power acoustic proximity alarm device based on sound field perception, comprising: a speaker, a sound pressure sensor, a preamplifier, a phase correction unit, and a power amplifier;
  • the sound pressure sensor is installed on the diaphragm of the loudspeaker to obtain the mechanical vibration of the diaphragm of the loudspeaker; the output signal of the sound pressure sensor is connected to the input end of the preamplifier, and the signal output by the preamplifier is corrected by the phase correction unit Then, as the input of the power amplifier, the output end of the power amplifier is connected to the input of the speaker;
  • the values of the gain A of the preamplifier and the phase offset ⁇ p of the phase correction unit are as follows: the gain A takes the maximum value under the condition that the alarm device does not generate self-excitation.
  • the sound pressure sensor is an INV9206 sound pressure sensor.
  • the present invention discloses an alarm method using the above-mentioned alarm device, comprising the following steps:
  • the alarm method using the above-mentioned alarm device can also adopt the following steps:
  • the gain of the preamplifier is increased by ⁇ A each time, and ⁇ A is a small constant.
  • the alarm device disclosed in the present invention has the following advantages: 1.
  • the sound wave is used as the detection wave. Because the sound wave has strong penetrability and wide application range, as long as there is material, the sound wave can be The acoustic proximity alarm device has broad application prospects; 2.
  • the acoustic proximity alarm device disclosed in the present invention does not need to emit detection sound waves separately, and realizes the target proximity alarm function through the perception of small changes in the environment, with low power consumption and concealment.
  • the alarm device uses the self-excited feedback of the sound field to realize the alarm, which has nothing to do with external noise and is not disturbed by the external noise; 4. Multiple sets of alarm devices are convenient for networking to form a target monitoring network.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the composition of the low-power acoustic proximity alarm device disclosed in the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is the flowchart of the alarm method in the second embodiment
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of the alarm method in the third embodiment.
  • the invention discloses a low-power acoustic proximity alarm device based on sound field perception, as shown in FIG. 1 , comprising: a speaker 1, a sound pressure sensor 2, a preamplifier 3, a phase correction unit 4, and a power amplifier 5;
  • the sound pressure sensor 2 is installed on the diaphragm of the speaker 1 to obtain the mechanical vibration of the speaker diaphragm; the output signal of the sound pressure sensor 2 is connected to the input end of the preamplifier 3, and the signal output by the preamplifier 3 is phase-corrected. After the unit 4 is corrected, as the input of the power amplifier 5, the output end of the power amplifier 5 is connected to the input of the speaker 1;
  • the values of the gain A of the preamplifier and the phase offset ⁇ p of the phase correction unit are as follows: the gain A takes the maximum value under the condition that the alarm device does not generate self-excitation.
  • the sound pressure sensor in this embodiment adopts a high-precision INV9206 sound pressure sensor.
  • Embodiment 2 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • the alarm method using the low power consumption acoustic proximity alarm device in the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2 includes the following steps:
  • the alarm method using the low-power consumption acoustic proximity alarm device in the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3 includes the following steps:
  • the gain of the preamplifier in step S21 is increased by ⁇ A each time, and ⁇ A is a small constant.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Circuit For Audible Band Transducer (AREA)
  • Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)

Abstract

一种基于声场感知的低功耗声学接近报警装置和报警方法，该报警装置包括：扬声器(1)、声压传感器(2)、前置放大器(3)、相位校正单元(4)、功率放大器(5)；声压传感器(2)安装于扬声器(1)的振动膜上，用于获取扬声器(1)振动膜的机械振动；声压传感器(2)的输出信号连接前置放大器(3)的输入端，前置放大器(3)输出的信号经相位校正单元(4)校正后，作为功率放大器(5)的输入，功率放大器(5)的输出端连接扬声器(1)的输入；前置放大器(3)的增益A和相位校正单元(4)的相位偏移量△p的值为：使报警装置不产生自激的情况下增益A取最大值。在无目标接近时无需发出探测声波，因此功耗极低，可用于对功耗敏感，需要长时间监测的场合。

Description

基于声场感知的低功耗声学接近报警装置和报警方法 技术领域
本发明属于声学目标探测技术领域，具体涉及一种基于声场感知的接近报警装置和报警方法。
背景技术
接近报警装置通常用于解决设备周围需要保持安全范围的应用场景，当有其他物体进入安全范围时进行报警。声学接近报警系统，是利用目标对声传播的影响，实现对入侵目标的探测，同时当目标靠近时能够发出强声波，以对入侵目标起到警示和驱赶作用。可用于警戒不明入侵者，避免造成不必要的伤害和损失。
目前常用的声学接近报警装置，是通过不断地发出探测声波来探测目标，功耗较大。
发明内容
发明目的：针对现有技术中存在的问题，本发明公开了一种基于声场感知的低功耗声学接近报警装置法，该装置在无目标接近时无需发出探测声波，因此功耗极低，可用于对功耗敏感，需要长时间监测的场合。
技术方案：本发明一方面公开了一种基于声场感知的低功耗声学接近报警装置，包括：扬声器、声压传感器、前置放大器、相位校正单元、功率放大器；
所述声压传感器安装于扬声器的振动膜上，用于获取扬声器振动膜的机械振动；所述声压传感器的输出信号连接前置放大器的输入端，前置放大器输出的信号经相位校正单元校正后，作为功率放大器的输入，所述功率放大器的输出端连接扬声器的输入；
所述前置放大器的增益A和相位校正单元的相位偏移量△p的值为：使报警装置不产生自激的情况下增益A取最大值。
所述声压传感器为INV9206型声压传感器。
另一方面，本发明公开了利用上述报警装置的报警方法，包括以下步骤：
S11、将所述前置放大器的增益A设为最大值；
S12、调节所述相位校正单元的相位偏移量△p，使sin(△p)·A＝1；
S13、当有目标靠近所述报警装置时，声场的反馈给所述报警装置增加相位 偏移p′，使sin(△p+p′)·A>1，所述报警装置自激发出报警声。
利用上述报警装置的报警方法还可以采用以下步骤：
S21、增大前置放大器的增益A，使所述报警装置形成自激；
S22、调节所述相位校正单元的相位偏移量△p，使所述报警装置形成负反馈，不产生自激；
S23、反复进行步骤S21和S22，直至所述前置放大器增益达到最大其所述报警装置不产生自激，此时sin(△p)·A＝1；
S24、当有目标靠近所述报警装置时，声场的反馈给所述报警装置增加相位偏移p′，使sin(△p+p′)·A>1，所述报警装置自激发出报警声。
所述步骤S21中前置放大器的增益每次增大ΔA，ΔA为一个较小的常数。
有益效果：与现有技术相比，本发明公开的报警装置具有以下优点：1、使用声波作为探测波，由于声波的穿透性强，适用面广，只要有物质的地方，声波均可在里面传播，该套声学接近报警装置具有广阔的应用前景；2、本发明公开的声学接近报警装置不需要单独发出探测声波，通过对环境的微小变动感知实现目标接近报警功能，功耗低，隐蔽性强；3、该报警装置利用声场的自激反馈实现报警，与外界噪声无关，不受外界噪声干扰；4、多套报警装置便于组网形成目标监测网络。
附图说明
图1为本发明公开的低功耗声学接近报警装置的组成示意图；
图2为实施例二中报警方法的流程图；
图3为实施例三中报警方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施方式，进一步阐明本发明。
实施例一：
本发明公开了一种基于声场感知的低功耗声学接近报警装置，如图1所示，包括：扬声器1、声压传感器2、前置放大器3、相位校正单元4、功率放大器5；
其中声压传感器2安装于扬声器1的振动膜上，用于获取扬声器振动膜的机械振动；声压传感器2的输出信号连接前置放大器3的输入端，前置放大器3 输出的信号经相位校正单元4校正后，作为功率放大器5的输入，功率放大器5的输出端连接扬声器1的输入；
所述前置放大器的增益A和相位校正单元的相位偏移量△p的值为：使报警装置不产生自激的情况下增益A取最大值。
在这种情况下，sin(△p)·A＝1，报警装置不发生自激，且△p是一个较小的量。当有目标靠近时，声场的反馈给报警装置造成额外的相位偏移p′，p′>>△p，使sin(△p+p′)·A>1，所述报警装置自激，发出报警声。
为了提高探测的精确性，本实施例中声压传感器采用高精度的INV9206型声压传感器。
实施例二：
采用实施例一中的低功耗声学接近报警装置的报警方法，如图2所示，包括以下步骤：
S11、将所述前置放大器的增益A设为最大值；
S12、调节所述相位校正单元的相位偏移量△p，使sin(△p)·A＝1，此时且△p是一个较小的量；
S13、当有目标靠近所述报警装置时，声场的反馈给所述报警装置增加相位偏移p′，p′>>△p，使sin(△p+p′)·A>1，所述报警装置自激发出报警声。
实施例三：
采用实施例一中的低功耗声学接近报警装置的报警方法，如图3所示，包括以下步骤：
S21、增大前置放大器的增益A，使所述报警装置形成自激；
S22、调节所述相位校正单元的相位偏移量△p，使所述报警装置形成负反馈，不产生自激；
S23、反复进行步骤S21和S22，直至所述前置放大器增益达到最大其所述报警装置不产生自激，此时sin(△p)·A＝1，且△p是一个较小的量；
为了便于调节，步骤S21中前置放大器的增益每次增大ΔA，ΔA为一个较小的常数。
S24、当有目标靠近所述报警装置时，声场的反馈给所述报警装置增加相位偏移p′，p′>>△p，使sin(△p+p′)·A>1，报警装置自激发出报警声。

Claims (6)

  1. 一种基于声场感知的低功耗声学接近报警装置，其特征在于，包括：扬声器、声压传感器、前置放大器、相位校正单元、功率放大器；
    所述声压传感器安装于扬声器的振动膜上，用于获取扬声器振动膜的机械振动；所述声压传感器的输出信号连接前置放大器的输入端，前置放大器输出的信号经相位校正单元校正后，作为功率放大器的输入，所述功率放大器的输出端连接扬声器的输入；
    所述前置放大器的增益A和相位校正单元的相位偏移量△p的值为：使报警装置不产生自激的情况下增益A取最大值。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的低功耗声学接近报警装置，其特征在于，所述声压传感器为INV9206型声压传感器。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的低功耗声学接近报警装置的报警方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    S11、将所述前置放大器的增益A设为最大值；
    S12、调节所述相位校正单元的相位偏移量△p，使sin(△p)·A＝1；
    S13、当有目标靠近所述报警装置时，声场的反馈给所述报警装置增加相位偏移p′，使sin(△p+p′)·A>1，所述报警装置自激发出报警声。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的低功耗声学接近报警装置的报警方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    S21、增大前置放大器的增益A，使所述报警装置形成自激；
    S22、调节所述相位校正单元的相位偏移量△p，使所述报警装置形成负反馈，不产生自激；
    S23、反复进行步骤S21和S22，直至所述前置放大器增益达到最大，且所述报警装置不产生自激，此时sin(△p)·A＝1；
    S24、当有目标靠近所述报警装置时，声场的反馈给所述报警装置增加相位偏移p′，使sin(△p+p′)·A>1，所述报警装置自激发出报警声。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的报警方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S21中前置放大器的增益每次增大ΔA，ΔA为一个较小的常数。
  6. 根据权利要求3-5中任一项所述的报警方法，其特征在于，所述声压传感器为INV9206型声压传感器。
PCT/CN2021/085758 2020-09-18 2021-04-07 基于声场感知的低功耗声学接近报警装置和报警方法 WO2022057240A1 (zh)

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