WO2022053173A1 - Procédé et installation de fractionnement d'air cryogénique - Google Patents

Procédé et installation de fractionnement d'air cryogénique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022053173A1
WO2022053173A1 PCT/EP2021/025288 EP2021025288W WO2022053173A1 WO 2022053173 A1 WO2022053173 A1 WO 2022053173A1 EP 2021025288 W EP2021025288 W EP 2021025288W WO 2022053173 A1 WO2022053173 A1 WO 2022053173A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
air
pressure
expansion
range
temperature
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2021/025288
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Daniel Palaniswamy OTTE
Original Assignee
Linde Gmbh
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of WO2022053173A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022053173A1/fr

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04078—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression
    • F25J3/04084—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression of nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04078—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression
    • F25J3/0409—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression of oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04163—Hot end purification of the feed air
    • F25J3/04169—Hot end purification of the feed air by adsorption of the impurities
    • F25J3/04175—Hot end purification of the feed air by adsorption of the impurities at a pressure of substantially more than the highest pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
    • F25J3/0429—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of feed air, e.g. used as waste or product air or expanded into an auxiliary column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
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    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
    • F25J3/0429—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of feed air, e.g. used as waste or product air or expanded into an auxiliary column
    • F25J3/04296—Claude expansion, i.e. expanded into the main or high pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
    • F25J3/04309—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04375—Details relating to the work expansion, e.g. process parameter etc.
    • F25J3/04393—Details relating to the work expansion, e.g. process parameter etc. using multiple or multistage gas work expansion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04406—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system
    • F25J3/04412—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system in a classical double column flowsheet, i.e. with thermal coupling by a main reboiler-condenser in the bottom of low pressure respectively top of high pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04642—Recovering noble gases from air
    • F25J3/04648—Recovering noble gases from air argon
    • F25J3/04654—Producing crude argon in a crude argon column
    • F25J3/04666—Producing crude argon in a crude argon column as a parallel working rectification column of the low pressure column in a dual pressure main column system
    • F25J3/04672—Producing crude argon in a crude argon column as a parallel working rectification column of the low pressure column in a dual pressure main column system having a top condenser
    • F25J3/04678—Producing crude argon in a crude argon column as a parallel working rectification column of the low pressure column in a dual pressure main column system having a top condenser cooled by oxygen enriched liquid from high pressure column bottoms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04642—Recovering noble gases from air
    • F25J3/04648—Recovering noble gases from air argon
    • F25J3/04721—Producing pure argon, e.g. recovered from a crude argon column
    • F25J3/04727—Producing pure argon, e.g. recovered from a crude argon column using an auxiliary pure argon column for nitrogen rejection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04769—Operation, control and regulation of the process; Instrumentation within the process
    • F25J3/04812—Different modes, i.e. "runs" of operation
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
    • F25J2205/02—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using simple phase separation in a vessel or drum
    • F25J2205/04—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using simple phase separation in a vessel or drum in the feed line, i.e. upstream of the fractionation step
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2215/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the product stream
    • F25J2215/40—Air or oxygen enriched air, i.e. generally less than 30mol% of O2
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
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    • F25J2215/50—Oxygen or special cases, e.g. isotope-mixtures or low purity O2
    • F25J2215/54—Oxygen production with multiple pressure O2
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2240/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for expanding of process streams
    • F25J2240/40—Expansion without extracting work, i.e. isenthalpic throttling, e.g. JT valve, regulating valve or venturi, or isentropic nozzle, e.g. Laval
    • F25J2240/42—Expansion without extracting work, i.e. isenthalpic throttling, e.g. JT valve, regulating valve or venturi, or isentropic nozzle, e.g. Laval the fluid being air
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
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    • F25J2240/46—Expansion without extracting work, i.e. isenthalpic throttling, e.g. JT valve, regulating valve or venturi, or isentropic nozzle, e.g. Laval the fluid being oxygen
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
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    • F25J2245/42—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams the recycled stream being nitrogen

Definitions

  • the rectification columns of the column systems mentioned are operated in different pressure ranges.
  • Known double column systems have a so-called pressure column (also referred to as a high-pressure column, medium-pressure column or lower column) and a so-called low-pressure column (upper column).
  • the high-pressure column is typically operated in a pressure range of 4 to 7 bar, in particular at approx. 5.3 bar, while the low-pressure column is operated in a pressure range of typically 1 to 2 bar, in particular at approx. 1.4 bar. In certain cases, higher pressures can also be used in both rectification columns.
  • the pressures specified here and below are absolute pressures at the top of the columns specified in each case.
  • the object of the present invention is to improve methods for the low-temperature decomposition of air and for the provision of air products and, in particular, to design them in an energetically more favorable manner.
  • Main air compressor/recompressor processes are characterized in that only part of the total amount of feed air fed to the column system is compressed to a pressure in a pressure range that is significantly above the pressure range at which the pressure column is operated, i.e. a pressure range of typically 4 to 7 bar, as mentioned. Another portion of the feed air is only compressed to a pressure in this pressure range or at most to a pressure of at most 1 to 2 bar above this, and fed into the pressure column without further expansion.
  • An example of such a main air compressor/post-compressor process is shown by Häring (see above) in Figure 2.3A.
  • Pressure ranges and temperature ranges are given below to characterize pressures and temperatures, which is intended to express that pressures and temperatures do not have to be in the form of exact pressure or temperature values. For example, there are also different pressures in the rectification columns of an air separation plant, but these are all within a comprehensive pressure range. Different pressure ranges and temperature ranges can be disjunctive ranges or ranges that overlap one another. The pressures given here in bar are always absolute pressures.
  • the expansion of the fourth quantity of air to the pressure in the third pressure range in the second period in particular using one or more expansion turbines, ie one or more excess air turbines, and in the first period by bypassing one or the multiple excess air turbines and using one or more expansion valves.
  • the expansion turbine(s) can be coupled to a booster that is involved in compressing the first quantity of air to the pressure in the first pressure level, or to a generator or the like.
  • the second quantity of air is cooled before the expansion to the pressure in the first pressure range, in particular to a temperature in a first temperature range, and due to the expansion to the pressure in the first pressure range, it cools down further to a temperature in a second temperature range.
  • the fourth amount of air is formed at the temperature in the second temperature range (i.e., in particular, branched off from the second amount of air), and the fourth amount of air is expanded to the pressure in the third pressure range using the one or more expansion turbines in the second time period prior to expansion Subjected to heating to a temperature in a third temperature range. Like the heating mentioned below, this heating takes place in particular in the main heat exchanger.
  • a partial flow of the fourth air quantity is branched off before it enters the main heat exchanger, expanded by means of at least one of the several expansion valves, and then combined with the remaining air of the fourth air quantity, which in turn is brought to the temperature in the third temperature range in the main heat exchanger was heated and expanded by means of at least one other of the plurality of expansion valves.
  • a mixed temperature arises here that corresponds to the "normal" turbine outlet temperature (the mixed temperature in the fourth temperature range) of the excess air turbine.
  • the outlet temperature of the corresponding air flow from the main heat exchanger drops to the original design level.
  • the first temperature range can, in particular, be -130° C. to -70° C.
  • the second temperature range can be -178° C. to -150 °C
  • the third temperature range is -20 to +30 °C
  • the fourth temperature range is -130 to -60 °C.
  • the fourth quantity of air can be discharged from the air separation plant in particular after it has been expanded to the pressure in the third pressure range.
  • the present invention also extends to an air separation plant.
  • an air separation plant For features and advantages of such an air separation plant, reference is made to the corresponding independent patent claim.
  • such an air separation plant is set up to carry out a method in one or more of the configurations explained above and has appropriately designed means for this purpose.
  • FIG. 1 an air separation plant configured according to one embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the form of a simplified process flow diagram and denoted overall by 100.
  • the air separation plant 100 is designed in parts like a conventional air separation plant and includes corresponding components.
  • a rectification column system 10 which in the example shown can have a pressure column 11, a low-pressure column 12, a crude argon column 13 and a pure argon column 14, by means of which air products such as internally compressed oxygen at different pressure levels GOX IC1, GOX IC2, internally compressed nitrogen GAN IC, liquid oxygen LOX , liquid nitrogen LIN and liquid argon LAR can be provided, and from which further material flows such as seal gas SG can be carried out or released into the atmosphere A, essentially be operated in a conventional manner and be designed in the manner shown or differently. It is therefore not explained further here.
  • relevant specialist literature such as Häring (see above).
  • the provision of a compressed air flow 101 is also not explained in detail and can essentially correspond to what is customary in the art.
  • the compressed air flow 101 is brought to a pressure level in a compression section 1 by means of a main air compressor, as is typical for a high-air pressure process. Cleaning takes place in a known manner adsorptively in a cleaning section 2. Water W is used for cooling and certain material flows are released into the atmosphere A. Other configurations can also be implemented.
  • the correspondingly relaxed partial flow 105 which is designated 106 for better differentiation, is fed into a container 8 fed in, from which liquid is drawn off at the bottom and fed into the low-pressure column 12 in the form of a stream 107 .
  • Gas is removed from the top of the container 8 in the form of a stream 108 .
  • Part of the stream 108 is fed into the pressure column 12 in the form of a stream 109 .
  • Another part of the material flow 108 serves as excess air and is fed to the main heat exchanger 3 on the cold side in the form of a material flow 110 .
  • the expansion machine 7, which represents the excess air turbine is fed to the material flow 110 heated to an intermediate temperature level in the main heat exchanger 3, denoted by 111 for the sake of better differentiation, expanded there, fed back to the main heat exchanger 3, there completely heated and executed as excess air EA from the process 100 in the form of a stream 112.
  • the expansion machine 7, which represents the excess air turbine is bypassed by means of a bypass flow 113, with corresponding excess air being expanded at a valve 9.
  • the excess air EA expanded in this way is carried out from the process 100 in the form of a material flow 112 .
  • FIG. 2 an air separation plant designed according to a further embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the form of a simplified process flow diagram and denoted overall by 200.
  • a first bypass stream 113a with a valve 9a upstream of the main heat exchanger 3 is branched off here in the first operating mode. A corresponding proportion of fluid is therefore not heated in the main heat exchanger 3 .
  • a second bypass stream 113b is formed from air, which is heated in the main heat exchanger like the material stream 111 in the second operating mode. This is relieved via a valve 9b.
  • the bypass streams 113a and 113b are combined to obtain a mixed temperature.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de fractionnement d'air cryogénique à l'aide d'une installation de fractionnement d'air qui comprend un système de colonne de rectification (10) doté d'une colonne de rectification (11) qui est actionnée dans une première plage de pression. Une première quantité d'air est soumise à une compression intermédiaire à une pression dans une seconde plage de pression, une seconde quantité d'air qui est une quantité partielle de la première quantité d'air comprimé dans la seconde plage de pression est détendue à une pression dans la première plage de pression, une troisième quantité d'air qui est une quantité partielle de la deuxième quantité d'air détendue à la pression dans la première plage de pression est introduite dans la première colonne de rectification (11), et une quatrième quantité d'air qui est une quantité partielle de la seconde quantité d'air détendue à la pression dans la première plage de pression est détendue à une pression dans une troisième plage de pression. L'expansion de la quatrième quantité d'air jusqu'à la pression dans la troisième plage de pression est réalisée dans une première période sans l'utilisation d'une turbine d'expansion et est réalisée dans une seconde période de temps à l'aide d'une turbine d'expansion (7).
PCT/EP2021/025288 2020-09-08 2021-07-28 Procédé et installation de fractionnement d'air cryogénique WO2022053173A1 (fr)

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Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3905201A (en) 1969-08-12 1975-09-16 Union Carbide Corp Air separation with work expansion to high and low pressure rectification stages
DE2526350A1 (de) * 1974-07-12 1976-01-29 Nuovo Pignone Spa Verfahren und luftzerlegungsanlage
EP0576314A1 (fr) * 1992-06-23 1993-12-29 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Procédé et installation de production d'oxygène gazeux sous pression
US5440885A (en) * 1993-02-09 1995-08-15 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Process and installation for the production of ultra-pure nitrogen by distillation of air
FR2895068A1 (fr) * 2005-12-15 2007-06-22 Air Liquide Procede de separation d'air par distillation cryogenique
US8997520B2 (en) * 2007-03-13 2015-04-07 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Method and device for producing air gases in a gaseous and liquid form with a high flexibility and by cryogenic distillation
EP2963367A1 (fr) 2014-07-05 2016-01-06 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Procédé et dispositif cryogéniques de séparation d'air avec consommation d'énergie variable
EP2980514A1 (fr) 2014-07-31 2016-02-03 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de séparation cryogénique de l'air et installation de séparation d'air

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3905201A (en) 1969-08-12 1975-09-16 Union Carbide Corp Air separation with work expansion to high and low pressure rectification stages
DE2526350A1 (de) * 1974-07-12 1976-01-29 Nuovo Pignone Spa Verfahren und luftzerlegungsanlage
EP0576314A1 (fr) * 1992-06-23 1993-12-29 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Procédé et installation de production d'oxygène gazeux sous pression
US5440885A (en) * 1993-02-09 1995-08-15 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Process and installation for the production of ultra-pure nitrogen by distillation of air
FR2895068A1 (fr) * 2005-12-15 2007-06-22 Air Liquide Procede de separation d'air par distillation cryogenique
US8997520B2 (en) * 2007-03-13 2015-04-07 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Method and device for producing air gases in a gaseous and liquid form with a high flexibility and by cryogenic distillation
EP2963367A1 (fr) 2014-07-05 2016-01-06 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Procédé et dispositif cryogéniques de séparation d'air avec consommation d'énergie variable
EP2980514A1 (fr) 2014-07-31 2016-02-03 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de séparation cryogénique de l'air et installation de séparation d'air

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
F.G. KERRY: "Industrial Gas Handbook: Gas Separation and Purification", 2006, CRC PRESS

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