WO2022047663A1 - 一种用于皮革绘图的自动绘图设备 - Google Patents
一种用于皮革绘图的自动绘图设备 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022047663A1 WO2022047663A1 PCT/CN2020/113015 CN2020113015W WO2022047663A1 WO 2022047663 A1 WO2022047663 A1 WO 2022047663A1 CN 2020113015 W CN2020113015 W CN 2020113015W WO 2022047663 A1 WO2022047663 A1 WO 2022047663A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- automatic
- leather
- guide
- pen
- upper cover
- Prior art date
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41H—APPLIANCES OR METHODS FOR MAKING CLOTHES, e.g. FOR DRESS-MAKING OR FOR TAILORING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- A41H41/00—Machines or appliances for making garments from natural or artificial fur
- A41H41/005—Machines or appliances for making garments from artificial fur
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
- B44D—PAINTING OR ARTISTIC DRAWING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PRESERVING PAINTINGS; SURFACE TREATMENT TO OBTAIN SPECIAL ARTISTIC SURFACE EFFECTS OR FINISHES
- B44D3/00—Accessories or implements for use in connection with painting or artistic drawing, not otherwise provided for; Methods or devices for colour determination, selection, or synthesis, e.g. use of colour tables
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of leather goods making, in particular to an automatic drawing device for drawing leather.
- the artificial leather is produced in rolls, and then sold to leather goods manufacturers for production; during the production process, the leather needs to be pulled out and flattened, and then a cutting pattern is drawn on it, but there may be wrinkles during artificial flattening, and the drawing There may also be an accidental shift of the leather during patterning, in which case the leather needs to be readjusted to re-determine the origin.
- it is first necessary to draw patterns on the surface of the leather goods to facilitate later cutting; it can be known that after a period of use, the ink in the drawing pen runs out and cannot be used continuously.
- the pen mechanism can automatically change the pen after setting the drawing length; if the pen is manually changed, the drawing length of the drawing pen cannot be determined manually, and it cannot be replaced in time, resulting in the quality of drawing on some leather surfaces.
- the drawing table It includes a worktable, a two-axis synchronous belt slide table, a lifting mechanism, a discharging mechanism, a pressing mechanism, a leveling mechanism and a driving mechanism.
- the worktable is provided with an opening that allows leather to pass through, and the discharging mechanism is provided in the worktable.
- One end of the table is used to erect the rolled leather, the pressing mechanism is arranged on the lower surface of the table to press one end of the leather, the leveling mechanism is slidably arranged on the table, and the driving mechanism is used
- the leveling mechanism is driven to move back and forth;
- the two-axis synchronous belt slide table is arranged on the worktable, and the lifting mechanism is arranged on the two-axis synchronous belt slide table, and is driven by the two-axis synchronous belt slide table
- the lifting mechanism moves in a horizontal plane, the automatic pen changing mechanism is arranged on the lifting mechanism, and the automatic pen changing mechanism is driven to move vertically by the lifting mechanism;
- the automatic pen changing mechanism includes a connecting shell, an actuator, an upper cover, a rotating body and an elastic mechanism, the connecting shell is connected with the mechanical arm, an installation cavity is arranged in the connecting shell, and the rotating body is rotatably arranged In the installation cavity, and the lower end of the rotating body protrudes from the connection housing, the rotating body is provided with a number of installation holes at equal intervals around its rotation center for installing drawing pens, and the installation holes are provided with an elastic mechanism, which is used to push the drawing pen to move upward so that the pen tip is hidden in the installation hole and the upper end protrudes from the installation hole, and the upper cover is detachably connected to the connection shell , the lower surface of the upper cover body is provided with a top block protruding downward, and the position corresponds to the installation hole, the two sides of the top block are provided with guide parts connected with the upper cover body, and the actuator is provided with The upper cover body is detachably connected with the rotating body, and the rotating body is driven to rotate by the actuator.
- the leveling mechanism includes a gantry, a first guide rod, a moving plate, an electric cylinder, a pressure wheel, a guide wheel, a first pressure plate, a spring and a leveling shell, and the first guide rod is separately located on the worktable.
- the gantry On both sides of the gantry, the gantry is arranged on the first guide rod, the inner walls on both sides of the gantry are vertically arranged with first guide grooves, and the two ends of the moving plate are slidably arranged in the first guide grooves , the electric cylinder is arranged on the gantry, and the electric cylinder is used to drive the moving plate to move up and down; a plurality of second guide rods are arranged at intervals on the upper surface of the leveling shell, and the moving plate is arranged with The guide hole corresponding to the second guide rod, the second guide rod is slidably arranged in the guide hole, the spring is sleeved on the second guide rod, and is located between the moving plate and the leveling between the shells; a negative pressure cavity is concavely formed on the lower surface of the flattening shell, and an interface connected to the negative pressure generator is set on the side wall thereof, and the pressing rollers are rollingly arranged on the left and right sides of the flattening shell
- the driving mechanism includes a servo motor, a first screw rod and a moving block, the first screw rod is rotatably arranged at the bottom of the worktable and is parallel to the first guide rod, and the moving block is connected and arranged On the first screw rod and connected with the gantry, the moving block is driven by the servo motor to move to drive the leveling mechanism to move.
- the pressing mechanism includes a pressing cylinder, a second pressing plate and a roller, the lower surface of the worktable is protruded downward around the opening and is provided with a concave-shaped fence, and the inner sides of the two side walls of the fence are provided with a Two guide grooves, two ends of the second pressure plate are slidably arranged in the second guide groove, and the pressing cylinder is fixed on the lower surface of the worktable to drive the second pressure plate to move horizontally and reciprocatingly; The lower end of the second pressing plate and the upper right corner of the opening are provided with the roller.
- the discharging mechanism includes a lifting mechanism symmetrically arranged on the two legs of the worktable, and the lifting mechanism includes a swing arm, a support cylinder and a support shaft, one end of the swing arm and the support cylinder. One end is respectively arranged on the upper end and the lower end of the table foot, and the other end of the swing arm is hinged with the other end of the support cylinder, the swing arm is provided with a notch for placing the support shaft, and the support shaft is It is used to install the rolled leather, and its two ends are installed in the notch.
- the lifting mechanism includes a base, a third guide rod, a stepping motor, a lifting block and a second screw rod, and the third guide rod and the second screw rod are parallel and vertically arranged on the base , the lifting block is arranged on the third guide rod and the second screw rod, and the stepper motor is used to drive the lifting block to move vertically.
- At least three light holes are arranged at equal intervals on the side wall of the connection housing, correspondingly, screw holes are arranged on the side wall of the upper cover body, and the fixing screws pass through the light holes and the screw holes. Hole thread fit.
- the elastic mechanism includes an adjusting housing, an adjusting ring and an adjusting spring, one end of the adjusting housing allows a through hole through which the front end of the drawing pen passes, and the adjusting ring is provided with a through hole for installing the drawing pen, so The adjusting spring and the adjusting ring are arranged in the adjusting housing.
- the inner wall of the lower end of the mounting hole is provided with an inner thread
- the outer wall of the adjusting housing is provided with an external thread
- the adjusting housing is threadedly matched with the mounting hole.
- the rotation center of the rotating body is provided with a square concave hole
- the connecting shaft of the actuator is provided with a convex block matched with the concave hole.
- the drawing table of the invention cleverly utilizes the suction method of negative pressure, and cooperates with the pressing wheel and the roller to realize the smoothing of the leather, and at the same time cooperates with the two-axis synchronous belt slide table and the lifting mechanism to realize automatic drawing, which greatly improves the drawing efficiency.
- the feeding mechanism is composed of two lifting mechanisms arranged symmetrically, so that the rolled leather can be moved between the lifting mechanisms without obstacles, and the convenient installation of the rolled leather is realized.
- the automatic pen changing mechanism realizes the automatic replacement of the drawing pen by setting the drawing pen in the rotating body to cooperate with the top block, and the position of the drawing pen in the used state after the replacement remains unchanged, without the need to reposition the origin.
- the elastic mechanism cooperates with the installation hole through the thread, which realizes the quick disassembly and assembly.
- the upper cover is fixed to the connection shell by fixing screws, so that the upper cover can be quickly disassembled and installed and the drawing pen can be quickly installed.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of an automatic drawing device for drawing leather according to the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of an automatic drawing device for drawing leather according to the present invention from another perspective;
- Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the leveling mechanism and the driving mechanism
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a flattened housing
- FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a lifting mechanism
- Fig. 6 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of automatic pen changing mechanism
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the upper cover and the rotating body
- FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an upper cover body
- Fig. 9 is the structural representation of the spring mechanism
- Fig. 10 is the exploded view of Fig. 9;
- FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotating body
- An automatic drawing device for leather drawing includes a drawing table and an automatic pen changing mechanism 2, wherein the drawing table 1 includes a worktable 1, a two-axis synchronous belt slide table 2, and a lifting mechanism 3 , the feeding mechanism 4, the pressing mechanism 5, the leveling mechanism 6 and the driving mechanism 7, the worktable 1 is provided with an opening 11 that allows the leather to pass through, and the feeding mechanism 4 is set at one end of the worktable 1 for erecting rolled leather, leather After entering the opening 11 from the bottom of the workbench 1, it is laid on the upper surface of the workbench 1.
- the pressing mechanism 5 is arranged on the lower surface of the workbench 1 for pressing the leather to prevent the flattened leather on the upper surface of the workbench 1 from being affected by the discharging mechanism 4 during drawing.
- the leveling mechanism 6 is slidably arranged on the worktable 1, and the driving mechanism 7 is arranged on the worktable 1 to drive the leveling mechanism 6 to reciprocate horizontally; wherein, the leveling mechanism attracts the leather through negative pressure, and the driving mechanism 7 is used to drive the leveling mechanism 6 to the horizontal reciprocating movement.
- One side movement thus enabling the leather to be flattened.
- the two-axis synchronous belt slide table 2 is set on the worktable 1
- the lifting mechanism 3 is set on the two-axis synchronous belt slide table 2
- the automatic pen changing mechanism 8 is set on the lifting mechanism 3, which is driven by the two-axis synchronous belt slide table 2 to automatically
- the pen changing mechanism 8 moves on the horizontal plane; in the part where no drawing is required, the automatic brush mechanism is lifted by the lifting mechanism 3 to keep away from the leather; that is, the drawing pen 9 is kept away from the leather.
- the automatic pen changing mechanism 8 includes a connecting casing 81, an actuator 82, an upper cover 83, a rotating body 84 and an elastic mechanism 85.
- the connecting casing 81 is connected with the mechanical arm, and the mechanical arm to control the pen changing mechanism for drawing on leather.
- the connection housing 81 is provided with a mounting cavity, the rotating body 84 is rotatably arranged in the mounting cavity, and the lower end of the rotating body protrudes from the connecting housing 81, and the rotating body 84 is provided with a number of installations at equal intervals around its rotation center for installing the drawing pen.
- an elastic mechanism 85 is arranged in the installation hole 841, and the elastic mechanism 85 is used to push the drawing pen to move upward so that the pen tip is hidden in the installation hole 841 and the upper end protrudes from the installation hole 841, and the upper cover 83 is detachably connected to the connection shell 81,
- the lower surface of the upper cover body 83 protrudes downward and is provided with a top block 831, and the position corresponds to the installation hole 841.
- Guide portions 832 connected to the upper cover body 83 are provided on both sides of the top block 831, and the actuator 82 is provided on the upper cover body.
- 83 and is detachably connected to the rotating body 84, and the rotating body 84 is driven by the actuator 82 to rotate.
- the drawing pen 9 is pushed down by the top block 831 , so that the pen tip of the drawing pen 9 protrudes from the elastic mechanism 85 .
- the leveling mechanism 6 includes a gantry 61, a first guide rod 62, a moving plate 63, an electric cylinder 64, a pressure roller 65, a guide roller 66, a first pressure plate 67, a spring 68 and a leveling
- the first guide rods 62 are arranged on both sides of the workbench 1
- the gantry 61 is arranged on the first guide rod 62
- the inner walls of both sides of the gantry 61 are vertically provided with first guide grooves 611
- the two The end sliding is arranged in the first guide groove 611
- the electric cylinder 64 is arranged on the upper surface of the gantry 61 and is connected with the moving plate 63 , and the electric cylinder 64 drives the moving plate 63 to move vertically.
- second guide rods 691 are arranged at intervals on the upper surface of the flattening housing 69 ; usually, at least two second guiding rods 91 are provided.
- the moving plate 63 is provided with a guide hole corresponding to the second guide rod 691 , the second guide rod 691 is slidably arranged in the guide hole, and the spring 68 is sleeved on the second guide rod 691 and is located between the moving plate 63 and the flattening housing 69
- the upper end of the second guide rod 691 is provided with a block to prevent the moving plate 63 from separating from the flattening housing 69 .
- a negative pressure cavity is recessed on the lower surface of the flattening shell 69, and an interface 692 connected to the negative pressure generator is arranged on its side wall.
- the rolling plate 66 is arranged in the negative pressure chamber and between the two pressing wheels 65 , and the first pressing plate 67 is arranged on the side of the moving plate 63 close to the opening 11 .
- the bottom of the first pressing plate 67 is provided with a bead made of silicone, or the bottom of the first pressing plate 67 is directly covered with an adhesive layer.
- the toughness of the adhesive layer is used to protect the leather from being crushed and at the same time increase the friction between the leather and the leather. force.
- the leveling mechanism 6 flattens the leather.
- the desired leather is pulled out from the opening 11 and then one end of the leather is fixed by the pressing mechanism 5 .
- the drive mechanism 7 drives the leveling mechanism 6 to move to the opening, the worker lifts the other end of the leather diagonally upward, and drives the leveling housing 69 to move down through the electric cylinder 64, Using the pressure of the negative pressure chamber, the leather is adsorbed on the pressing wheel 65 and the guide wheel 66, and then the leather is slightly lifted by the electric cylinder 64, and then the leveling mechanism 6 is pulled to one end by the driving mechanism 7. At this time, the leather is subjected to traction while taut and leveled.
- the electric cylinder 64 drives the flattening shell 69 to move down to press the leather on the worktable and continues to move to one side until it reaches one end, and the electric cylinder 64 continues to drive the moving plate 63 to move down, and the first pressing plate 67 pushes the leather Press one end tightly.
- the flattening and pressing of the leather is achieved through the above operations. Avoid wrinkles during drawing.
- the driving mechanism 7 includes a servo motor 71 , a first screw rod 72 and a moving block 73 .
- the first screw rod 72 is rotatably arranged at the bottom of the worktable 1 and is connected with the first guide rod.
- the rod 62 is parallel, and the moving block 73 is connected to the first screw rod 72 and connected to the gantry 61 .
- the servo motor 71 is used to drive the moving block 73 to move to drive the leveling mechanism 6 to move.
- the pressing mechanism 5 includes a pressing cylinder 51 and a second pressing plate 52, and the lower surface of the worktable 1 is provided with a concave-shaped fence 12 protruding downward around the opening.
- the inner sides of the two side walls are provided with second guide grooves 13 , the two ends of the second pressing plate 52 are slidably arranged in the second guiding groove 13 , and the pressing cylinder 51 is fixed on the lower surface of the worktable 1 to drive the second pressing plate 52 to reciprocate horizontally.
- the leather is pressed against the fence 12 by the second pressing plate 52 .
- the pressure plate 52 is retaliated with an adhesive layer, and the toughness of the adhesive layer is used to protect the leather from being crushed and at the same time increase the frictional force with the leather.
- the roller 14 is further included, and the roller 14 is provided on the lower end of the second pressing plate 51 and the upper right corner of the opening. The surface scratches caused by friction of the leather are avoided by the rollers 14 .
- the feeding mechanism 4 includes a lifting mechanism symmetrically arranged on the two legs of the worktable 1, and the lifting mechanism includes a swing arm 41, a support cylinder 42 and a support shaft 43, and the swing One end of the arm 41 and one end of the support cylinder 42 are respectively arranged on the upper and lower ends of the table legs, and the other end of the swing arm 41 is hinged with the other end of the support cylinder 42.
- the swing arm 41 is provided with a notch for placing the support shaft 43 to support
- the shaft 43 is used to install the rolled leather, and both ends of the shaft 43 are installed in the notches.
- the lifting mechanism 3 includes a base 31 , a third guide rod 32 , a stepping motor 33 , a lifting block 34 and a second screw rod 35 , the third guide rod 32 and the second screw rod 35 is arranged on the base 31 in parallel and vertically, the lifting block 34 is arranged on the third guide rod 32 and the second screw rod 35, and the lifting block 34 is driven by the stepping motor 33 to move vertically.
- the two-axis timing belt slide table includes three timing belt slide tables in total, two timing belt slide tables are symmetrically arranged, the two are connected by a link, and one of the timing belt slide tables is driven by a servo motor to move, and through the link rod It drives another synchronous belt slide table to move synchronously, and the remaining one synchronous belt slide table is assumed to be on the bottom two synchronous belt slide tables, and is driven by an independent servo motor to move in the horizontal direction.
- the structure of the above-mentioned two-axis synchronous belt slide table is in the prior art, and will not be repeated here.
- At least three light holes 811 are arranged at equal intervals on the side wall of the connection housing 81 , and correspondingly, screw holes 833 are arranged on the side wall of the upper cover 83 for fixing
- the screw 812 passes through the light hole 811 and threadedly engages with the screw hole 833 .
- four light holes 811 and four screw holes 833 are provided.
- four fixing screws 812 are also provided. Through the four fixing screws, the detachable connection between the upper cover 83 and the connection housing 81 is realized. When the upper cover 83 is opened, the drawing pen 9 can be replaced in the installation hole 31 . At the same time, it is ensured that the relative position of the upper cover 83 and the connection housing 81 remains unchanged after the installation.
- the elastic mechanism 85 includes an adjusting housing 851 , an adjusting ring 852 and an adjusting spring 853 , and the adjusting spring 853 and the adjusting ring 852 are arranged in the adjusting housing 851 , so that the adjusting ring 852 It can move axially in the adjusting housing 851, one end of the adjusting housing 851 is provided with a through hole allowing the front end of the drawing pen 9 to pass through, and the adjusting ring 852 is provided with a through hole for installing the drawing pen 9; the existing drawing pen 9 is usually With a stepped structure, the drawing pen 9 is clamped on the adjusting ring 852 ; when the drawing pen 9 is pressed down, the adjusting spring 853 is compressed, and the front end of the drawing pen 9 protrudes from the passage of the adjusting housing 851 .
- the inner wall of the lower end of the mounting hole 841 is provided with an internal thread
- the outer wall of the adjusting housing 851 is provided with an external thread
- the adjusting housing 851 is screwed with the mounting hole 841 .
- the rotation center of the rotating body 84 is provided with a square concave hole 842
- the connecting shaft of the actuator 82 is provided with a convex block 821 matched with the concave hole 842 .
- the actuator 82 and the rotating body 84 can be quickly disassembled and assembled through the concave hole 842 and the convex block 821 , thereby facilitating the replacement of the drawing pen 9 .
- the actuator 82 is a servo motor.
- the drawing pen 9 When the present invention is in use, as shown in FIGS. 6-11 , taking the six mounting holes 841 as an example, the drawing pen 9 is inserted into the mounting holes 841 and clamped on the adjusting ring 852 , and the mounting holes 841 are used as the drawing pen 9 Pilot hole. Then cover the upper cover 83, and connect the actuator 82 to the rotating body 84.
- the upper cover 83 is fixed to the connection housing 81 by fixing screws to complete the installation of the drawing pen 9; when the drawing pen 9 reaches the replacement standard, After the actuator 82 drives the rotating body 84 to rotate by 60°, the replacement of the drawing pen 9 is realized, and the position of the drawing pen 9 is kept unchanged.
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- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Treatment And Processing Of Natural Fur Or Leather (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于皮革绘图的自动绘图设备，包括绘图桌和自动换笔机构，本发明的绘图桌巧妙的利用负压吸引的方法，并且配合压轮和滚轮，实现对皮革的铺平，同时配合二轴同步带滑台与升降机构实现自动绘图，大大提高了绘图效率。自动换笔机构通过在转动本体内设置绘图笔，与顶块相配合，实现绘图笔的自动更换，并且更换后的使用状态下的绘图笔位置保持不变，无需进行原点重新定位。弹性机构与安装孔通过螺纹配合，实现了快速拆装。上盖体通过固定螺丝与连接壳体固定，实现上盖体快速拆装及快速安装绘图笔，同时通过光孔与螺孔定位，保证上盖体与连接壳体相对位置不变。
Description
本发明涉及皮具制作领域，特别涉及一种用于皮革绘图的自动绘图设备。
人造皮革生产完成为卷状，然后销售给皮具制作商进行生产制作；在生产过程中，需要将皮革拉出摊平后，在上面绘制裁剪图案，但人工摊平时可能会出现褶皱，并且在绘制图案时也可能意外出现皮革移位，此时就需要重新调整皮革，以重新确定原点。在皮具的制作过程中，首先需要在皮具表面绘制图案，以方便后期裁剪；可以知晓的，在使用一段时间之后，绘图笔中的墨水用完，无法继续使用，因此，需要设计一种自动换笔机构，在设定绘制长度后自动实现换笔；如果依靠人工换笔，人工无法确定一直绘图笔绘制长度，无法及时更换，造成部分皮革表面绘图质量。
发明内容
针对以上现有技术存在的缺陷，本发明的主要目的在于克服现有技术的不足之处，公开了一种用于皮革绘图的自动绘图设备，包括绘图桌和自动换笔机构，所述绘图桌包括工作台、二轴同步带滑台、升降机构、放料机构、压紧机构、拉平机构和驱动机构，所述工作台上设置容许皮革通过的开口，所述放料机构设置在所述工作台一端，用于架设卷状皮革，所述压紧机构设置在所述工作台的下表面，以压紧皮革的一端，所述拉平机构滑动设置在所述工作台上，利用所述驱动机构驱动所述拉平机构往复移动；所述二轴同步带滑台设置在所述工作台上，所述升降机构设置在所述二轴同步带滑台上，利用所述二轴同步带滑台驱动所述升降机构在水平面内移 动，所述自动换笔机构设置在所述升降机构上，利用所述升降机构驱动所述自动换笔机构竖直移动；
所述自动换笔机构包括连接壳体、致动器、上盖体、转动本体和弹性机构，所述连接壳体与机械臂连接，所述连接壳体内设置安装腔，所述转动本体转动设置在所述安装腔内，并且所述转动本体的下端突出于所述连接壳体，所述转动本体绕其旋转中心等间距设置若干个用于安装绘画笔的安装孔，所述安装孔内设置弹性机构，利用所述弹性机构推动所述绘画笔向上移动使笔尖隐没于所述安装孔内且上端突出于所述安装孔，所述上盖体与所述与所述连接壳体可拆卸连接，所述上盖体的下表面向下凸起设置顶块，且位置与所述安装孔对应，所述顶块两侧设置与所述上盖体连接的引导部，所述致动器设置在所述上盖体上，并且与所述转动本体可拆卸连接，利用所述致动器驱动所述转动本体转动。
进一步地，所述拉平机构包括门架、第一导杆、移动板、电缸、压轮、导轮、第一压板、弹簧和拉平壳体，所述第一导杆分设在所述工作台的两侧，所述门架设置在所述第一导杆上，所述门架两侧内壁竖向设置第一导槽，所述移动板的两端滑动设置在所述第一导槽内，所述电缸设置在所述门架上，利用所述电缸驱动所述移动板上下移动；所述拉平壳体的上表面间隔设置若干个第二导杆，所述移动板上设置与所述第二导杆对应的导孔，所述第二导杆滑动设置在所述导孔内，所述弹簧套设在所述第二导杆上，并且处于所述移动板和所述拉平壳体之间；所述拉平壳体的下表面凹设负压腔，并且在其侧壁上设置与负压生成器连接的接口，所述压轮滚动设置在所述拉平壳体的左右两侧壁的下端，所述导轮滚动设置在所述负压腔内且位于两所述压轮之间，所述第一压板设置在所述移动板靠近所述开口的一侧。
进一步地，所述驱动机构包括伺服电机、第一丝杆和移动块，所述第一丝杆转动设置在所述工作台底部，并且与所述第一导杆平行，所述移动块连接设置在所述第一丝杆上，并且与所述门架连接，利用所述伺服电机驱动所述移动块移动以带动所述拉平机构移动。
进一步地，所述压紧机构包括压紧气缸、第二压板和滚轮，所述工作台的下表面围绕所述开口向下凸起设置凹字形围栏，所述围栏的两侧壁的内侧设置第二导槽，所述第二压板的两端滑动设置在所述第二导槽内，所述压紧气缸固定在所述工作台的下表面，以驱动所述第二压板水平往复移动；所述第二压板的下端和所述开口的右上角设置所述滚轮。
进一步地，所述放料机构包括对称设置在所述工作台的两桌脚上的抬升机构，所述抬升机构包括摆臂、支撑气缸和支撑轴，所述摆臂的一端和所述支撑气缸的一端分别设置在桌脚的上端和下端，并且所述摆臂的另一端和所述支撑气缸的另一端铰接，所述摆臂上设置放置所述支撑轴的凹口，所述支撑轴用于安装卷状皮革，且其两端安装于所述凹口内。
进一步地，所述升降机构包括底座、第三导杆、步进电机、升降块和第二丝杆，所述第三导杆和所述第二丝杆平行且竖直设置在所述底座上，所述升降块设置在所述第三导杆和所述第二丝杆上，利用所述步进电机驱动所述升降块竖直移动。
进一步地，所述连接壳体的侧壁上等间距设置至少三个光孔，对应的，在所述上盖体的侧壁上设置螺孔，固定螺丝穿过所述光孔与所述螺孔螺纹配合。
进一步地，所述弹性机构包括调节壳体、调节环和调节弹簧，所述调节壳体的一端容许绘图笔的前端通过的通孔，所述调节环设置用于安装绘图笔的通孔，所述调节弹簧和所述调节环设置在所述调节壳体内。
进一步地，所述安装孔的下端的内壁设置内螺纹，所述调节壳体的外壁设置外螺纹，所述调节壳体与所述安装孔螺纹配合。
进一步地，所述转动本体的旋转中心设置方形凹孔，所述致动器的连接轴设置与所述凹孔配合的凸块。
本发明取得的有益效果：
本发明的绘图桌巧妙的利用负压吸引的方法，并且配合压轮和滚轮，实现对皮革的铺平，同时配合二轴同步带滑台与升降机构实现自动绘图， 大大提高了绘图效率。放料机构采用对称设置的两个抬升机构组成，因此，卷状皮革能够无障碍的移动至抬升机构之间，实现了卷状皮革的方便安装。自动换笔机构通过在转动本体内设置绘图笔，与顶块相配合，实现绘图笔的自动更换，并且更换后的使用状态下的绘图笔位置保持不变，无需进行原点重新定位。弹性机构与安装孔通过螺纹配合，实现了快速拆装。上盖体通过固定螺丝与连接壳体固定，实现上盖体快速拆装及快速安装绘图笔，同时通过光孔与螺孔定位，保证上盖体与连接壳体相对位置不变。
图1为本发明的一种用于皮革绘图的自动绘图设备的立体结构示意图；
图2为本发明的一种用于皮革绘图的自动绘图设备的另一视角的立体结构示意图；
图3为拉平机构与驱动机构的配合示意图；
图4为拉平壳体的剖视图；
图5为升降机构的结构示意图；
图6为自动换笔机构的立体结构示意图；
图7为上盖体与转动本体的连接结构示意图；
图8为上盖体的结构示意图；
图9为弹簧机构的结构示意图；
图10为图9的爆炸图；
图11为转动本体的结构示意图；
附图标记如下：
1、工作台，2、二轴同步带滑台，3、升降机构，4、放料机构，5、压紧机构，6、拉平机构，7、驱动机构，8、自动换笔机构，9、绘图笔，11、开口，12、围栏，13、第二导槽，14、滚轮，31、底座，32、第三导杆，33、步进电机，34、升降块，35、第二丝杆，41、摆臂，42、支撑气缸， 43、支撑轴，51、压紧气缸，52、第二压板，61、门架，62、第一导杆，63、移动板，64、电缸，65、压轮，66、导轮，67、第一压板，68、弹簧，69、拉平壳体，71、伺服电机，72、第一丝杆，73、移动块，611第一导槽，691、第二导杆，692、接口，81、连接壳体，82、致动器，83、上盖体，84、转动本体，85、弹性机构，811、光孔，812、固定螺丝，821、凸块，831、顶块，832、引导部，833、螺孔，841、安装孔，842、凹孔，851、调节壳体，852、调节环，853、调节弹簧。
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，下面结合附图及实施例对本发明作进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
一种用于皮革绘图的自动绘图设备，如图1-2所示，包括绘图桌和自动换笔机构2，其中，绘图桌1包括工作台1、二轴同步带滑台2、升降机构3、放料机构4、压紧机构5、拉平机构6和驱动机构7，工作台1上设置容许皮革通过的开口11，放料机构4设置在工作台1一端，用于架设卷状皮革，皮革从工作台1底部进入开口11后铺设在工作台1的上表面上。压紧机构5设置在工作台1的下表面，用于压紧皮革，防止在绘图时工作台1上表面的已经铺平的皮革收到放料机构4的影响。拉平机构6滑动设置在工作台1上，驱动机构7设置在工作台1上，以驱动拉平机构6水平往复移动；其中，拉平机构通过负压将皮革吸引，利用驱动机构7将拉平机构6向一侧移动，进而实现将皮革铺平。二轴同步带滑台2设置在工作台1上，升降机构3设置在二轴同步带滑台2上，自动换笔机构8设置在升降机构3上，通过二轴同步带滑台2驱动自动换笔机构8在水平面上移动；在不需要绘图的部位，通过升降机构3将自动画笔机构提起，以远离皮革；即使得绘图笔9远离皮革。
如图6-11所示，自动换笔机构8包括包括连接壳体81、致动器82、上盖体83、转动本体84和弹性机构85，连接壳体81与机械臂连接，通过控 制机械臂，以控制换笔机构在皮革上绘图。连接壳体81内设置安装腔，转动本体84转动设置在安装腔内，并且转动本体的下端突出于连接壳体81，转动本体84绕其旋转中心等间距设置若干个用于安装绘画笔的安装孔841，安装孔841内设置弹性机构85，利用弹性机构85推动绘画笔向上移动使笔尖隐没于安装孔841内且上端突出于安装孔841，上盖体83与连接壳体81可拆卸连接，上盖体83的下表面向下凸起设置顶块831，且位置与安装孔841对应，顶块831两侧设置与上盖体83连接的引导部832，致动器82设置在上盖体83上，并且与转动本体84可拆卸连接，利用致动器82驱动转动本体84转动。假设安装孔841设置6个，即相邻两个安装孔841之间的间隔的角度为60°，通过顶块831将绘图笔9向下推，使得绘图笔9的笔尖突出与弹性机构85的下端；当需要换笔时，致动器82驱动转动本体84转动60°，当下的绘图笔9受到弹性机构85的回复力顺着引导部832向上移动，相邻绘图笔9受到引导部832的引导向下移动，同时受到弹性机构85使其始终紧贴于顶块831上。通过上述步骤以实现自动换笔。
具体的，如图1-4所示，拉平机构6包括门架61、第一导杆62、移动板63、电缸64、压轮65、导轮66、第一压板67、弹簧68和拉平壳体69，第一导杆62分设在工作台1的两侧，门架61设置在第一导杆62上，门架61两侧内壁竖向设置第一导槽611，移动板63的两端滑动设置在第一导槽611内；电缸64设置在门架61的上表面，并且与移动板63连接，通过电缸64驱动移动板63竖直移动。拉平壳体69的上表面间隔设置若干个第二导杆691；通常，第二导杆91至少设置两个，当然，根据拉平壳体69的长度增加第二导杆691的数量。移动板63上设置与第二导杆691对应的导孔，第二导杆691滑动设置在导孔内，弹簧68套设在第二导杆691上，并且处于移动板63和拉平壳体69之间；第二导杆691的上端设置挡块，以防止移动板63与拉平壳体69分离。拉平壳体69的下表面凹设负压腔，并且在其侧壁上设置与负压生成器连接的接口692，压轮65滚动设置在拉平壳体69的左右两侧壁的下端，导轮66滚动设置在负压腔内且位于两压轮65之间，第一压板67设置在移动板63靠近开口11的一侧。优选的，第一压板 67的底部设置硅胶制成的压条，或者直接在第一压板67底部覆盖胶层，利用胶层的韧性，保护皮革不会被压伤，同时增加与皮革之间的摩擦力。
下面具体阐述拉平机构6如何将皮革进行拉平，首先将需要的皮革从开口11处拉出后通过压紧机构5将皮革的一端固定。将拉出的皮革铺在工作台1上，驱动机构7驱动拉平机构6移动至开口处，工作人员将皮革的另一端向一端斜向上抬起，通过电缸64驱动拉平壳体69下移，利用负压腔的压力，将皮革吸附在压轮65和导轮66上，而后通过电缸64将皮革略微抬起，而后通过驱动机构7将拉平机构6向一端拉拽，此时，皮革受到牵引力而绷紧拉平。而后电缸64驱动拉平壳体69下移将皮革压在工作台上后继续向一侧移动，直至到达一端后，通过电缸64继续驱动移动板63下移，通过第一压板67将皮革的一端压紧。通过上述操作实现皮革的拉平与压紧。避免在绘图过程中发生褶皱。
在一实施例中，如图1-4所示，驱动机构7包括伺服电机71、第一丝杆72和移动块73，第一丝杆72转动设置在工作台1底部，并且与第一导杆62平行，移动块73连接设置在第一丝杆72上，并且与门架61连接，利用伺服电机71驱动移动块73移动以带动拉平机构6移动。
在一实施例中，如图1-2所示，压紧机构5包括压紧气缸51和第二压板52，工作台1的下表面围绕开口向下凸起设置凹字形围栏12，围栏12的两侧壁的内侧设置第二导槽13，第二压板52的两端滑动设置在第二导槽13内，压紧气缸51固定在工作台1的下表面，以驱动第二压板52水平往复移动，通过第二压板52将皮革压紧在围栏12上。优选的，压板52上报复胶层，利用胶层的韧性，保护皮革不会被压伤，同时增加与皮革之间的摩擦力。
在一实施例中，如图1-2所示，还包括滚轮14，第二压板51的下端和开口的右上角设置滚轮14。通过滚轮14避免皮革受到摩擦而造成表面刮花。
在一实施例中，如图1-2所示，放料机构4包括对称设置在工作台1的两桌脚上的抬升机构，抬升机构包括摆臂41、支撑气缸42和支撑轴43，摆臂41的一端和支撑气缸42的一端分别设置在桌脚的上端和下端，并且 摆臂41的另一端和支撑气缸42的另一端铰接，摆臂41上设置放置支撑轴43的凹口，支撑轴43用于安装卷状皮革，且其两端安装于凹口内。当支撑气缸42收起时，摆臂41向下转动，使得凹口下降，将卷状皮革推至两抬升机构之间，支撑轴43插入卷状皮革的中心，并且其两端至于凹口内，驱动支撑气缸42，将摆臂41向上转动，进而将卷状皮革抬起。
在一实施例中，如图5所示，升降机构3包括底座31、第三导杆32、步进电机33、升降块34和第二丝杆35，第三导杆32和第二丝杆35平行且竖直设置在底座31上，升降块34设置在第三导杆32和第二丝杆35上，利用步进电机33驱动升降块34竖直移动。
对于二轴同步带滑台，其总共包括三个同步带滑台，两个同步带滑台对称设置，两者通过连杆连接，通过伺服电机驱动其中一个同步带滑台运动，并且通过连杆带动另一个同步带滑台同步运动，剩余一个同步带滑台假设与底部两个同步带滑台上，通过独立的伺服电机驱动其运动，进而实现在水平方向上的移动。上述二轴同步带滑台的结构为现有技术，在此不再过多赘述。
在一实施例中，如图6-11所示，连接壳体81的侧壁上等间距设置至少三个光孔811，对应的，在上盖体83的侧壁上设置螺孔833，固定螺丝812穿过光孔811与螺孔833螺纹配合。优选的，光孔811和螺孔833均设置四个，对应的，固定螺丝812也设置四个，通过四根固定螺丝，实现上盖体83与连接壳体81的可拆卸连接，只需要将上盖体83打开，即可对安装孔31内进行绘图笔9更换。同时保证上盖体83安装后与连接壳体81相对位置不变。
在一实施例中，如图6-11所示，弹性机构85包括调节壳体851、调节环852和调节弹簧853，调节弹簧853和调节环852设置在调节壳体851内，使得调节环852能够在调节壳体851内轴向移动，调节壳体851的一端设置容许绘图笔9的前端通过的通孔，调节环852设置用于安装绘图笔9的通孔；现有的绘图笔9通常具有阶梯结构，绘图笔9卡在调节环852上；将绘图笔9按下，调节弹簧853压缩，绘图笔9的前端从调节壳体851的 通过突出。
在一实施例中，如图6-11所示，安装孔841的下端的内壁设置内螺纹，调节壳体851的外壁设置外螺纹，调节壳体851与安装孔841螺纹配合。通过上述结构，实现弹性机构85快速拆装。
在一实施例中，如图6-11所示，转动本体84的旋转中心设置方形凹孔842，致动器82的连接轴设置与凹孔842配合的凸块821。通过凹孔842和凸块821能够实现致动器82与转动本体84快速拆装，进而方便对绘图笔9进行更换。
在一实施例中，如图6-11所示，致动器82为伺服电机。
本发明在使用时，如图6-11所示，以6个安装孔841为例，将绘图笔9插入安装孔841内，并且卡于调节环852上，利用安装孔841作为绘图笔9的引导孔。而后盖上上盖体83，并且将致动器82与转动本体84连接，上盖体83通过固定螺丝与连接壳体81固定，完成绘图笔9的安装；当绘图笔9到达更换标准后，致动器82驱动转动本体84旋转60°后，实现绘图笔9的更换，并且保证绘图笔9位置不变。
以上仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并非用来限定本发明的实施范围；如果不脱离本发明的精神和范围，对本发明进行修改或者等同替换，均应涵盖在本发明权利要求的保护范围当中。
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- 一种用于皮革绘图的自动绘图设备，其特征在于，包括绘图桌和自动换笔机构，所述绘图桌包括工作台、二轴同步带滑台、升降机构、放料机构、压紧机构、拉平机构和驱动机构，所述工作台上设置容许皮革通过的开口，所述放料机构设置在所述工作台一端，用于架设卷状皮革，所述压紧机构设置在所述工作台的下表面，以压紧皮革的一端，所述拉平机构滑动设置在所述工作台上，利用所述驱动机构驱动所述拉平机构往复移动；所述二轴同步带滑台设置在所述工作台上，所述升降机构设置在所述二轴同步带滑台上，利用所述二轴同步带滑台驱动所述升降机构在水平面内移动，所述自动换笔机构设置在所述升降机构上，利用所述升降机构驱动所述自动换笔机构竖直移动；所述自动换笔机构包括连接壳体、致动器、上盖体、转动本体和弹性机构，所述连接壳体与机械臂连接，所述连接壳体内设置安装腔，所述转动本体转动设置在所述安装腔内，并且所述转动本体的下端突出于所述连接壳体，所述转动本体绕其旋转中心等间距设置若干个用于安装绘画笔的安装孔，所述安装孔内设置弹性机构，利用所述弹性机构推动所述绘画笔向上移动使笔尖隐没于所述安装孔内且上端突出于所述安装孔，所述上盖体与所述与所述连接壳体可拆卸连接，所述上盖体的下表面向下凸起设置顶块，且位置与所述安装孔对应，所述顶块两侧设置与所述上盖体连接的引导部，所述致动器设置在所述上盖体上，并且与所述转动本体可拆卸连接，利用所述致动器驱动所述转动本体转动。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于皮革绘图的自动绘图设备，其特征在于，所述拉平机构包括门架、第一导杆、移动板、电缸、压轮、导轮、第一压板、弹簧和拉平壳体，所述第一导杆分设在所述工作台的两侧，所述门架设置在所述第一导杆上，所述门架两侧内壁竖向设置第一导槽，所述移动板的两端滑动设置在所述第一导槽内，所述电缸设置在所述门架上，利用所述电缸驱动所述移动板上下移动；所述拉平壳体的上表面间隔设置若干个第二导杆，所述移动板上设置与所述第二导杆对应的导孔，所述第二导杆滑动设 置在所述导孔内，所述弹簧套设在所述第二导杆上，并且处于所述移动板和所述拉平壳体之间；所述拉平壳体的下表面凹设负压腔，并且在其侧壁上设置与负压生成器连接的接口，所述压轮滚动设置在所述拉平壳体的左右两侧壁的下端，所述导轮滚动设置在所述负压腔内且位于两所述压轮之间，所述第一压板设置在所述移动板靠近所述开口的一侧。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于皮革绘图的自动绘图设备，其特征在于，所述驱动机构包括伺服电机、第一丝杆和移动块，所述第一丝杆转动设置在所述工作台底部，并且与所述第一导杆平行，所述移动块连接设置在所述第一丝杆上，并且与所述门架连接，利用所述伺服电机驱动所述移动块移动以带动所述拉平机构移动。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于皮革绘图的自动绘图设备，其特征在于，所述压紧机构包括压紧气缸、第二压板和滚轮，所述工作台的下表面围绕所述开口向下凸起设置凹字形围栏，所述围栏的两侧壁的内侧设置第二导槽，所述第二压板的两端滑动设置在所述第二导槽内，所述压紧气缸固定在所述工作台的下表面，以驱动所述第二压板水平往复移动；所述第二压板的下端和所述开口的右上角设置所述滚轮。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于皮革绘图的自动绘图设备，其特征在于，所述放料机构包括对称设置在所述工作台的两桌脚上的抬升机构，所述抬升机构包括摆臂、支撑气缸和支撑轴，所述摆臂的一端和所述支撑气缸的一端分别设置在桌脚的上端和下端，并且所述摆臂的另一端和所述支撑气缸的另一端铰接，所述摆臂上设置放置所述支撑轴的凹口，所述支撑轴用于安装卷状皮革，且其两端安装于所述凹口内。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于皮革绘图的自动绘图设备，其特征在于，所述升降机构包括底座、第三导杆、步进电机、升降块和第二丝杆，所述第三导杆和所述第二丝杆平行且竖直设置在所述底座上，所述升降块设置在所述第三导杆和所述第二丝杆上，利用所述步进电机驱动所述升降块竖直移动。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于皮革绘图的自动绘图设备，其特征在 于，所述连接壳体的侧壁上等间距设置至少三个光孔，对应的，在所述上盖体的侧壁上设置螺孔，固定螺丝穿过所述光孔与所述螺孔螺纹配合。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于皮革绘图的自动绘图设备，其特征在于，所述弹性机构包括调节壳体、调节环和调节弹簧，所述调节壳体的一端容许绘图笔的前端通过的通孔，所述调节环设置用于安装绘图笔的通孔，所述调节弹簧和所述调节环设置在所述调节壳体内。
- 根据权利要求8所述的一种用于皮革绘图的自动绘图设备，其特征在于，所述安装孔的下端的内壁设置内螺纹，所述调节壳体的外壁设置外螺纹，所述调节壳体与所述安装孔螺纹配合。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于皮革绘图的自动绘图设备，其特征在于，所述转动本体的旋转中心设置方形凹孔，所述致动器的连接轴设置与所述凹孔配合的凸块。
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