WO2022042622A1 - 一种具有超高屈强比的吉帕级贝氏体钢及其制造方法 - Google Patents
一种具有超高屈强比的吉帕级贝氏体钢及其制造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022042622A1 WO2022042622A1 PCT/CN2021/114658 CN2021114658W WO2022042622A1 WO 2022042622 A1 WO2022042622 A1 WO 2022042622A1 CN 2021114658 W CN2021114658 W CN 2021114658W WO 2022042622 A1 WO2022042622 A1 WO 2022042622A1
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 195
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 195
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- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910052729 chemical element Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 82
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- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 15
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- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- KSOKAHYVTMZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;methane Chemical compound C.[Fe].[Fe].[Fe] KSOKAHYVTMZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/02—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions
- C23G1/08—Iron or steel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/002—Bainite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/004—Dispersions; Precipitations
Definitions
- the invention relates to a steel grade and a manufacturing method thereof, in particular to a gigapaste grade bainitic steel and a manufacturing method thereof.
- jeeppa-grade high-strength steel has become one of the most concerned automotive structural materials by major automobile manufacturers.
- the yield-strength ratio of gigapascal high-strength steels mentioned in the existing invention patents is generally not high.
- the yield ratio of tensite steel, quenched and partitioned steel (Q&P steel), and complex phase steel is slightly increased, but it is only about 0.75 to 0.85.
- the publication number is CN103361577A
- the publication date is October 23, 2013,
- the Chinese patent document entitled "High-yield-ratio high-strength steel plate with excellent workability” discloses a high-yield-ratio high-strength steel plate, which is The microstructure is mainly ferrite, martensite, tempered martensite and bainite, and the tensile strength can reach more than 980MPa, but the yield ratio is only ⁇ 0.68, which still does not meet the high yield strength of the auto parts market. Up-to-date requirements for gigapa grade steel plates.
- the publication number is CN106170574A
- the publication date is November 30, 2016,
- the Chinese patent document entitled "high-yield-strength cold-rolled steel sheet and its manufacturing method” discloses a high-yield-strength ratio high Strength cold-rolled steel plate and its manufacturing method
- the structure of the steel plate mainly contains ferrite, retained austenite, martensite and trace amounts of bainite and tempered ferrite, and its tensile strength can reach more than 980MPa, but the yield strength
- the ratio is only ⁇ 0.75, and the highest is not more than 0.8, which still cannot meet the market demand for gigapa-grade high-strength steel with a yield ratio of ⁇ 0.9.
- the publication number is CN102719736A
- the publication date is October 10, 2012
- the Chinese patent document entitled "A kind of ultra-fine grain slideway steel with a yield ratio ⁇ 0.9 and its production method” discloses a A steel sheet with a yield ratio ⁇ 0.9 is obtained by using the ultra-fine grain structure, but its tensile strength is only 700 MPa.
- the matrix structure in the steel plate consists of a single bainite or a single martensite, and the matrix structure of multi-phase or multiple phases, such as the matrix structure, contains both ferrite and retained austenite. It is not easy to obtain high yield ratios for steel plates of solid, tempered martensite and martensite. In order for the strength of the steel plate to reach the gigapascal level, the cooperation of multiphase structures is often required, such as typical ferrite/martensitic dual-phase steels and advanced high-strength steels containing retained austenite that introduce the TRIP effect. This is the first layer of technical contradictions.
- the yield ratio of the steel plate is difficult to be greater than or equal to 0.9 due to the dislocation slip and work hardening caused by the working strain.
- a single martensite Or the yield ratio of the steel plate of the bainite matrix is about 0.8 to 0.9.
- the publication number is CN101910436A
- the publication date is December 8, 2010,
- the Chinese patent document entitled "a high-strength cold-rolled steel sheet with excellent weather resistance and its preparation method" discloses a Solid solution alloys Cr, Zr, Co, W, etc., to improve the yield strength of materials.
- One of the objectives of the present invention is to provide a Gipa-level bainitic steel with an ultra-high yield-strength ratio.
- the present invention can obtain a Gipa-level bainitic steel with an ultra-high yield-strength ratio through reasonable chemical composition design.
- the gipa-grade bainitic steel has a tensile strength of ⁇ 980MPa, a yield strength of ⁇ 900MPa, a yield-to-strength ratio of ⁇ 0.9, and a hole expansion ratio of ⁇ 55%. It has both ultra-high yield ratio, ultra-high strength and excellent hole expansion. and bending properties, can be used to prepare automobile structural parts, and has good promotion prospects and application value.
- the present invention proposes a gipa-grade bainitic steel with ultra-high yield ratio, which in addition to Fe and inevitable impurities, also contains the following chemical elements in the following mass percentages:
- At least one of Cr, Nb, Ti and Mo At least one of Cr, Nb, Ti and Mo, wherein Cr ⁇ 0.4%, Nb ⁇ 0.06%, Ti ⁇ 0.1%, Mo ⁇ 0.4%.
- the mass percentage content of each chemical element is:
- At least one of Cr, Nb, Ti and Mo At least one of Cr, Nb, Ti and Mo, wherein Cr ⁇ 0.4%, Nb ⁇ 0.06%, Ti ⁇ 0.1%, Mo ⁇ 0.4%;
- the balance is Fe and other inevitable impurities.
- C element is one of the key control elements of microstructure transformation in carbon steel.
- element C has a great influence on the strength of the steel plate.
- C element can form alloy carbides with other alloying elements, thereby improving the strength of the steel plate.
- the mass percentage of C is controlled between 0.12 and 0.24%.
- the mass percentage of element C can be controlled between 0.15 and 0.20%.
- Si element is a necessary element for deoxidation in steelmaking, which has a certain solid solution strengthening effect, and also has a certain effect on bainite.
- the formation of carbon-free bainite has a certain influence (the higher the content of B element in the steel, the easier it is to form carbon-free bainite). It should be noted that when the content of Si element in the steel is less than 0.2%, it is difficult to obtain sufficient deoxidation effect; and when the content of Si element in the steel is higher than 0.5%, it is easy to form an oxide scale or tiger skin stripe-like color difference, It is not conducive to the surface quality of steel plates for automobiles. Based on this, the mass percentage of Si is controlled between 0.2 and 0.5% in the Gipa-level bainitic steel with ultra-high yield ratio according to the present invention.
- Mn element is the main additive element, and one of the key control elements for the microstructure transformation in the steel. It should be noted that Mn element has low cost, and it is not only an effective element for improving the strength of steel, but also an important solid solution strengthening element. However, it should be noted that the content of Mn element in the steel should not be too high. When the content of Mn element in the steel is too high, the corrosion resistance and welding performance will be deteriorated, and the grain coarsening tendency will also be aggravated, and the plasticity and toughness of the steel will be reduced. Based on this, in the Gipa bainitic steel with ultra-high yield strength ratio according to the present invention, the mass percentage of Mn is controlled between 1.3 and 2.0%.
- the mass percentage of Mn element can be controlled between 1.6-2.0%.
- element B In the Gipa-level bainitic steel with ultra-high yield ratio according to the present invention, element B is not only conducive to the formation of bainite in the steel, but also greatly affects the strength and hardness of the steel plate influence. It should be noted that if the content of element B in the steel is lower than 0.001%, the strength of the steel will not meet the target requirements; while when the content of element B in the steel is higher than 0.004%, brittle borides are easily formed, affecting the steel plate. reaming and bending properties. Based on this, the mass percentage of B is controlled between 0.001 and 0.004% in the Gipa bainitic steel with ultra-high yield strength ratio according to the present invention.
- the Al element is only added to the steel as a deoxidizing element, which can remove the O element in the steel to ensure the performance and quality of the steel . Therefore, in the Gipa bainitic steel with ultra-high yield ratio according to the present invention, the mass percentage of Al is controlled between 0.01 and 0.05%.
- Ti, Cr, Nb and Mo are optional alloying elements which can be added to the steel , so as to form the precipitation of fine and dispersed carbide second phase, and further improve the strength and yield ratio of the steel plate.
- Cr and Mo elements can increase the incubation period of pearlite and ferrite in the CCT curve, inhibit the formation of pearlite and ferrite, and make it easier to obtain bainite structure during cooling, which is conducive to improving the The hole expansion ratio of steel.
- the above four alloying elements have an influence on the structure control of the steel plate and the corresponding annealing process, and their influencing factors on the formation of carbides directly affect the formation ratio and morphology of carbides.
- the mass percentages of Cr, Nb, Ti and Mo are respectively controlled as: Cr ⁇ 0.4%, Nb ⁇ 0.06%, Ti ⁇ 0.1%, Mo ⁇ 0.4%.
- the Gipa bainitic steel with ultra-high yield ratio according to the present invention contains at least 0.1-0.4% Cr. In some preferred embodiments, the Gipa bainitic steel with ultra-high yield ratio according to the present invention contains at least 0.1-0.4% Mo. In some preferred embodiments, the Gipa bainitic steel with ultra-high yield ratio described in the present invention contains at least one or both of Cr and Mo. In some preferred embodiments, the Gipa bainitic steel with ultra-high yield ratio according to the present invention contains at least 0.1-0.4% Cr and 0.1-0.4% Mo.
- the mass percentage of each chemical element satisfies at least one of the following items:
- both P and S are impurity elements in the steel. If the technical conditions allow, in order to obtain a quenched and tempered steel with better performance and better quality, the content of the impurity elements in the steel should be reduced as much as possible.
- the gipa-grade bainitic steel with ultra-high yield ratio according to the present invention, it also contains at least one of the following chemical elements:
- the above-mentioned elements of Cu, Ni, V and Ce can further improve the performance of the Gipa-level bainitic steel with ultra-high yield ratio of the present invention.
- M can be controlled to be 0.18 ⁇ M ⁇ 0.27, thereby ensuring the dispersion and precipitation of nanometer, submicrometer or micrometer granular carbides in the steel, and ensuring the maximum diameter size of the granular carbide precipitation phase.
- Cb can also be preferably controlled to be 0.20 ⁇ Cb ⁇ 0.27 , so that the phase ratio of acicular lower bainite in the steel can be effectively guaranteed to be ⁇ 90 %.
- the microstructure is mainly acicular lower bainite, and the phase ratio of acicular lower bainite is ⁇ 90%.
- the microstructure also contains nano-, sub-micron or micron granular carbide precipitations dispersed and precipitated, and the granular
- the total ratio of carbide precipitation phase + acicular lower bainite is greater than or equal to 99%.
- the diameter of the largest granular carbide precipitation phase is ⁇ 2 ⁇ m.
- the tensile strength of the gipa-grade bainitic steel with ultra-high yield-strength ratio according to the present invention is ⁇ 980 MPa, preferably ⁇ 1000 MPa, the yield strength is ⁇ 900 MPa, preferably ⁇ 950 MPa, and the yield-strength ratio is ⁇ 0.9, preferably ⁇ 0.95, the hole expansion ratio is ⁇ 55%, preferably ⁇ 60%.
- the yield strength of the Gipa bainitic steel with ultra-high yield-strength ratio according to the present invention is ⁇ 950 MPa, and the yield-strength ratio is ⁇ 0.95; further preferably, its tensile strength is ⁇ 1000 MPa, and its hole expansion ratio is ⁇ 60 %.
- the elongation of the Gepa-grade bainitic steel with ultra-high yield strength ratio according to the present invention is ⁇ 9.0%.
- another object of the present invention is to provide the above-mentioned annealing process for the Gipa-grade bainitic steel with ultra-high yield ratio, which plays a key role in the performance of the steel. With the control of relevant process parameters, a Gipa-grade bainitic steel with ultra-high yield-strength ratio can be obtained.
- the present invention proposes the above-mentioned annealing process of the Gipa-grade bainite steel with ultra-high yield ratio, which comprises the steps:
- the above-mentioned annealing process includes a heating section, a soaking section, a slow cooling section, a fast cooling section, a self-returning temperature-controlled cooling section and an air cooling section, which are very important to the present invention.
- the properties of the gipa-grade bainitic steel play a key role.
- step (a) in the heating section, it is necessary to ensure that the heating rate is less than or equal to 50°C/s to the soaking temperature Ts: 840-900°C, preferably to a soaking stable temperature of 840-870°C.
- the heating rate of the heating section should not be too high, otherwise the uniformity of the strip structure will be reduced.
- the soaking temperature Ts is lower than the above soaking design temperature range, the strip cannot obtain ⁇ 90% acicular lower bainite structure; and if the soaking temperature Ts is higher than the above soaking design temperature range The temperature range will cause coarse grains of the strip, resulting in deterioration of the formability of the steel.
- the heating rate of step (a) is 5-45°C/s.
- the holding time is not less than 1 minute.
- the holding time is from 1 minute to 4.5 minutes.
- step (c) the slow cooling section needs to be cooled to (Ts-80) ⁇ (Ts-140)°C at a first cooling rate of ⁇ 15°C/s.
- the first cooling rate of the slow cooling section should not be too high, otherwise it will not only cause energy waste, but also lead to uneven structure of the strip.
- the first cooling rate in step (c) is 5-15°C/s, preferably 5-12°C/s.
- the bainite transformation will occur in advance, and a high-temperature bainite structure (such as the above bainite or equiaxed bainite) will be formed.
- step (e) in the self-return temperature control cooling section, if the strip steel can be executed according to the design parameters in the fast cooling section, the strip steel will realize the temperature self-return phenomenon due to the large release of latent heat of phase transformation.
- the temperature return can achieve a rapid, uniform and efficient increase of the strip temperature by 50 to 120 °C, thereby promoting the uniform and dispersed precipitation of carbides.
- the third cooling rate in the self-returning temperature control cooling section is too low or the cooling time is too long, which does not meet the above design requirements of the present invention, it is easy to cause carbide precipitation and coarsening, thereby deteriorating the hole expansion ratio. and bending properties; and if the third cooling rate is too high or the controlled cooling time period is too short, it is easy to cause insufficient carbide precipitation, so that the steel cannot obtain ultra-high yield-strength ratio performance with a yield-strength ratio ⁇ 0.9.
- another object of the present invention is to provide the above-mentioned manufacturing method of the gipa-grade bainitic steel with ultra-high yield ratio, by which the ultra-high yield ratio of the present invention can be effectively obtained by using the manufacturing method.
- the present invention proposes a method for manufacturing a Gipa bainite steel with an ultra-high yield ratio, which comprises the steps:
- the operation steps in steps (1) to (4) of the pre-annealing process are mainly to obtain a steel plate or steel strip with uniform composition and original structure, so as to ensure When the subsequent annealing process is implemented, the uniform and stable structure and properties can be satisfied, and the annealing process in step (5) plays a key role in the performance of the steel sheet.
- step (2) the heating temperature is controlled to be 1150-1260 °C; .
- step (3) the cooling rate is controlled to be 30-150°C/s, and the coiling temperature is controlled to be 450-580°C.
- step (4) the cold rolling reduction ratio is controlled to be greater than or equal to 50%.
- the Gipa-level bainitic steel with ultra-high yield ratio is the Gipa-level bainitic steel with ultra-high yield ratio described in any of the embodiments herein body steel.
- the gipa-grade bainitic steel with ultra-high yield ratio and the manufacturing method thereof of the present invention have the following advantages and beneficial effects:
- the invention ensures that the matrix structure of the steel plate is a simple and single bainite structure through the optimal ratio of alloy elements and innovative adjustment of the annealing process.
- the introduction of phase transformation latent heat release realizes the self-return of the steel strip, which not only reduces energy consumption, but also realizes fast, uniform and efficient strip temperature control, induces the dispersion and precipitation of fine second phases, so as to obtain ultra-high yield strength Gpa bainitic steel with good formability ratio and good formability.
- the present invention can obtain Gipa-grade bainitic steel with ultra-high yield strength ratio, the tensile strength of which is ⁇ 980 MPa, the yield strength of ⁇ 900 MPa, the yield strength ratio of ⁇ 0.9, and the hole expansion ratio of ⁇ 55%.
- This gigapaste grade bainitic steel has both ultra-high yield ratio, ultra-high strength and excellent hole reaming and bending properties. It can be used to prepare automobile structural parts and realize the new design concept of "green-safety" for automobiles. It has good promotion prospects and application value.
- the annealing process of the present invention plays a key role in the performance of the steel.
- the annealing process includes a heating section, a soaking section, a slow cooling section, a rapid cooling section, a self-returning temperature control cooling section and an air cooling section. Design and control of related process parameters can obtain Gipa-grade bainitic steel with ultra-high yield-to-strength ratio.
- the manufacturing method of the present invention has a unique production process, which adopts the above-mentioned annealing process to ensure the performance of the prepared gipa-grade bainitic steel.
- the obtained gipa-grade bainitic steel not only has ultra-high strength and yield ratio, but also has excellent hole expansion and bending properties.
- FIG. 1 is a photo of the microstructure of the Gipa-level bainitic steel of Example 1 at a magnification of 3000 times.
- FIG. 2 is a photo of the microstructure of the comparative steel of Comparative Example 7 at a magnification of 3000 times.
- FIG. 3 is a photo of the microstructure of the comparative steel of Comparative Example 8 at a magnification of 1000 times.
- the Gipa-grade bainitic steels with ultra-high yield ratios of Examples 1-14 were prepared by the following steps:
- Hot rolling the heating temperature is controlled to be 1150-1260°C; the starting temperature of finishing rolling is 1100-1220°C, and the finishing rolling temperature is 900-950°C.
- Cooling and coiling after rolling the cooling rate is controlled to be 30-150°C/s, and the coiling temperature is controlled to be 450-580°C.
- step (5) the annealing process includes the following steps:
- the comparative steels of Comparative Examples 1-10 were also prepared by the processes of smelting and casting, hot rolling, post-rolling cooling and coiling, pickling and cold rolling and annealing.
- the chemical compositions and related process parameters of Comparative Examples 1-6 all have parameters that fail to meet the design requirements of the present invention.
- the chemical compositions of Comparative Examples 7-10 meet the design requirements of the present invention, they all have parameters that fail to meet the design requirements of the present invention. Process parameters are required.
- the chemical element composition of Comparative Example 7 is the same as that of Example 1
- the chemical element composition of Comparative Example 8 is the same as that of Example 2
- the chemical element composition of Comparative Example 9 is the same as that of Example 6.
- the chemical element composition of Comparative Example 10 is the same as that of Example 11.
- Table 1 lists the mass percentage ratio (%) of each chemical element of the Gipa bainitic steels with ultra-high yield ratios of Examples 1-14 and the comparative steels of Comparative Examples 1-10.
- Table 2-1 and Table 2-2 list the specific process parameters of the Gipa-level bainitic steels with ultra-high yield ratios of Examples 1-14 and the comparative steels of Comparative Examples 1-10.
- the obtained gipa-grade bainitic steel with ultra-high yield ratio of Examples 1-14 and the comparative steels of Comparative Examples 1-10 were sampled respectively, and the yield strength of the steel was measured by taking JIS 5# tensile specimens along the transverse direction. and tensile strength, the hole expansion ratio and bending properties of the steel were measured by taking the middle area of the plate.
- the hole expansion rate of steel is measured by hole expansion test.
- a punch to press the test piece with a hole in the center into the concave die, the center hole of the test piece is enlarged until the edge of the plate hole necks or penetrates the crack. Since the preparation method of the original hole in the center of the specimen and the quality of the corresponding original hole edge have a great influence on the hole expansion ratio test results, the test and test method are carried out according to the hole expansion ratio test method specified in the ISO/DIS 16630 standard.
- the central original hole adopts the form of punching hole (corresponding to the processing method with the worst quality of the edge of the original hole).
- Table 3 lists the test results of the mechanical properties of the Gipa bainitic steels with ultra-high yield ratios of Examples 1-14 and the comparative steels of Comparative Examples 1-10.
- the gipa-grade bainitic steels with ultra-high yield-strength ratios in Examples 1-14 of the present invention have both ultra-high yield-strength ratios, ultra-high strengths, and excellent hole reaming and bending properties, and their tensile strengths are all ⁇ 980 MPa.
- the yield strengths are all ⁇ 900MPa
- the yield-strength ratios are all ⁇ 0.9
- the hole expansion ratios are all ⁇ 55%.
- the Gipa bainitic steel with ultra-high yield strength of Example 1 has a yield strength of ⁇ 950 MPa, a yield ratio of ⁇ 0.95, and an ultra-high yield strength ratio and ultra-high yield strength.
- FIG. 1 is a photo of the microstructure of the Gipa-level bainitic steel of Example 1 at a magnification of 3000 times.
- the gipa-grade bainite steel of Example 1 is cooled to the lower bainite phase region (the rapid cooling temperature meet the requirements of the invention), its microstructure matrix is acicular lower bainite, and because the cooling rate is appropriate in the self-returning temperature section (the third cooling rate meets the requirements of the invention), so the microstructure also contains finely dispersed and precipitated nanoscale, Submicron or micron granular carbide precipitates.
- the phase ratio of acicular lower bainite is ⁇ 90%
- the total phase ratio of granular carbide precipitation + acicular lower bainite is ⁇ 99%
- the diameter of the largest granular carbide precipitation phase is ⁇ 2 ⁇ m.
- FIG. 2 is a photo of the microstructure of the comparative steel of Comparative Example 7 at a magnification of 3000 times.
- the comparative steel of Comparative Example 7 has insufficient cooling rate during cooling in the rapid cooling section (the second cooling rate does not meet the requirements of the invention), and the comparative steel is at a relatively low temperature when it is not cooled to the lower bainite phase region. Bainite transformation occurs at high temperature. Although it is finally cooled to a suitable lower bainite temperature, the microstructure is still dominated by massive equiaxed bainite and almost no acicular lower bainite. , and the carbide precipitation is not fine and uniform enough.
- FIG. 3 is a photo of the microstructure of the comparative steel of Comparative Example 8 at a magnification of 1000 times.
- the comparative steel of Comparative Example 8 has a suitable cooling rate in the rapid cooling section (the second cooling rate meets the requirements of the invention), the cooling temperature of the rapid cooling is too high (the cooling temperature in the rapid cooling section does not meet the requirements of the invention) ), so the microstructure is almost entirely massive equiaxed bainite structure, and almost no needle-shaped lower bainite is contained, and the carbide precipitation is not fine and uniform enough.
- the present invention can obtain the gipa-grade bainitic steel with ultra-high yield strength ratio through reasonable chemical composition design, the tensile strength of which is ⁇ 980MPa, the yield strength is ⁇ 900MPa, and the yield strength ratio is ⁇ 0.9, hole expansion ratio ⁇ 55%, this gipa-grade bainitic steel has both ultra-high yield ratio, ultra-high strength and excellent hole expansion and bending properties. It can be used to prepare automotive structural parts and realize automotive "green”. -Safety" new design concept has good promotion prospects and application value.
- the annealing process of the present invention plays a key role in the performance of the steel.
- the annealing process includes a heating section, a soaking section, a slow cooling section, a rapid cooling section, a self-returning temperature control cooling section and an air cooling section. Design and control of related process parameters can obtain Gipa-grade bainitic steel with ultra-high yield-to-strength ratio.
- the manufacturing method of the present invention has a unique production process, which adopts the above-mentioned annealing process to ensure the performance of the prepared gipa-grade bainitic steel.
- the obtained gipa-grade bainitic steel not only has ultra-high strength and yield ratio, but also has excellent hole expansion and bending properties.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (15)
- 一种具有超高屈强比的吉帕级贝氏体钢,其特征在于,其除了Fe以及不可避免的杂质以外还含有质量百分含量如下的下述各化学元素:C:0.12~0.24%;Si:0.2~0.5%;Mn:1.3~2.0%;B:0.001~0.004%;Al:0.01~0.05%;Cr、Nb、Ti和Mo中的至少一种,其中Cr≤0.4%,Nb≤0.06%,Ti≤0.1%,Mo≤0.4%。
- 如权利要求1所述的具有超高屈强比的吉帕级贝氏体钢,其特征在于,其各化学元素质量百分含量为:C:0.12~0.24%;Si:0.2~0.5%;Mn:1.3~2.0%;B:0.001~0.004%;Al:0.01~0.05%;Cr、Nb、Ti和Mo中的至少一种,其中Cr≤0.4%,Nb≤0.06%,Ti≤0.1%,Mo≤0.4%;余量为Fe和其他不可避免的杂质。
- 如权利要求1或2所述的具有超高屈强比的吉帕级贝氏体钢,其特征在于,其各化学元素的质量百分比含量满足下列各项的至少其中之一:C:0.15~0.20%,Mn:1.6~2.0%。
- 如权利要求1或2所述的具有超高屈强比的吉帕级贝氏体钢,其特征在于,在其他不可避免的杂质中:P≤0.015%并且/或者S≤0.004%。
- 如权利要求1或2所述的具有超高屈强比的吉帕级贝氏体钢,其特征在于,还含有下述化学元素的至少其中一种:0<Cu≤0.2%,0<Ni≤0.2%,0<V≤0.2%,0<Ce≤0.2%。
- 如权利要求5所述的具有超高屈强比的吉帕级贝氏体钢,其特征在于,其满足0.18≤M≤0.27,其中M=Cr/2.5+Ti+V/5+Nb/1.7+Mo/1.7,其中Cr、V、Nb、Ti和Mo表示各化学元素质量百分含量百分号前面的数值;和/或,0.20≤C b≤0.27,其中等效贝氏体碳元素含量C b=C-(Mo+Nb)/8-(Ti+V)/4-Cr/12+Ni/10+Mn/20+B×10,式中的各元素均表示该种元素质量百分含量百分号前面的数值。
- 如权利要求1或2所述的具有超高屈强比的吉帕级贝氏体钢,其特征在于,其微观组织主要为针状下贝氏体,针状下贝氏体的相比例≥90%。
- 如权利要求7所述的具有超高屈强比的吉帕级贝氏体钢,其特征在于,其微观组织还含有弥散析出的纳米级、亚微米级或微米级的粒状碳化物析出相,粒状碳化物析出相+针状下贝氏体的相比例总量≥99%;优选地,最大的粒状碳化物析出相的直径≤2μm。
- 如权利要求1所述的具有超高屈强比的吉帕级贝氏体钢,其特征在于,其抗拉强度≥980MPa,屈服强度≥900MPa,屈强比≥0.9,扩孔率≥55%;优选地,其屈服强度≥950MPa,屈强比≥0.95。
- 一种用于如权利要求1-9中任意一项所述的具有超高屈强比的吉帕级贝氏体钢的退火工艺,其特征在于,包括步骤:(a)在加热段以≤50℃/s的加热速率加热至均热温度Ts,其中Ts为840~900℃;(b)在均热段以温度Ts保温5min以下;(c)在缓冷段以≤15℃/s的第一冷却速度冷却至(Ts-80)~(Ts-140)℃;(d)在快冷段以≥(130-Q)℃/s的第二冷却速度冷却至(Ts-490)~(Ts-440)℃;(e)在自返温控冷段,以第三冷却速度冷却10~40s,其中[(Q-80)/12]≤第三冷却速度≤[(Q-80)/8];(f)最后在空冷段,使得带钢空冷至室温;其中,Q=C×180+Si×10+Mn×30+Ni×50+Cr×15+Mo×15+B×2000。
- 一种具有超高屈强比的吉帕级贝氏体钢的制造方法,其特征在于,其包括步骤:(1)冶炼和铸造;(2)热轧;(3)轧后冷却和卷取;(4)酸洗和冷轧;(5)如权利要求13所述的退火工艺。
- 如权利要求11所述的制造方法,其特征在于,在步骤(2)中,控制加热温度为1150~1260℃;精轧开轧温度为1100~1220℃,精轧终轧温度为900~950℃。
- 如权利要求11所述的制造方法,其特征在于,在步骤(3)中,控制冷却速度为30~150℃/s,控制卷取温度为450~580℃。
- 如权利要求11所述的制造方法,其特征在于,在步骤(4)中,控制冷轧压下率≥50%。
- 如权利要求11所述的制造方法,其特征在于,所述具有超高屈强比的吉帕级贝氏体钢如权利要求1-9中任一项所述。
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