WO2022041493A1 - 一种耐寒型软电缆及其制备工艺 - Google Patents

一种耐寒型软电缆及其制备工艺 Download PDF

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WO2022041493A1
WO2022041493A1 PCT/CN2020/128230 CN2020128230W WO2022041493A1 WO 2022041493 A1 WO2022041493 A1 WO 2022041493A1 CN 2020128230 W CN2020128230 W CN 2020128230W WO 2022041493 A1 WO2022041493 A1 WO 2022041493A1
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parts
cold
resistant
cable
rubber
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PCT/CN2020/128230
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
钱江伟
张中云
康慧
杨斌
姚宇航
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江苏亨通电力电缆有限公司
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Publication of WO2022041493A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022041493A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/28—Protection against damage caused by moisture, corrosion, chemical attack or weather
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08L23/16—Elastomeric ethene-propene or ethene-propene-diene copolymers, e.g. EPR and EPDM rubbers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L23/26—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08L23/28—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers modified by chemical after-treatment by reaction with halogens or compounds containing halogen
    • C08L23/286—Chlorinated polyethylene
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
    • H01B3/28—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances natural or synthetic rubbers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
    • H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
    • H01B3/44—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins
    • H01B3/441—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins from alkenes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/04—Flexible cables, conductors, or cords, e.g. trailing cables
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
    • C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
    • C08K2003/2237—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of titanium
    • C08K2003/2241—Titanium dioxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
    • C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
    • C08K2003/2296—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of zinc
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
    • C08K2201/011—Nanostructured additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2203/00—Applications
    • C08L2203/20—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets
    • C08L2203/202—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets use in electrical wires or wirecoating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
    • C08L2205/025—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group containing two or more polymers of the same hierarchy C08L, and differing only in parameters such as density, comonomer content, molecular weight, structure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of cable processing, in particular to a cold-resistant flexible cable and a preparation process thereof.
  • the existing cable structures are mainly single-core cables and five-core cables.
  • Both the single-core cable and the five-core cable include a conductor, an insulating layer wrapped around the conductor, and a sheath arranged on the outermost layer, but the existing cable structure is not flexible, especially in low temperature environments, because the ambient temperature If it is too low and the hardness of the cable is too large, the cable is not easy to twist and move, and the insulation is prone to freeze cracking, which leads to interruption of power supply and signal, and cannot meet the needs of use.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a cold-resistant flexible cable and a preparation process thereof, which can effectively improve the flexibility of the cable in a cold environment, so that the cable can still be easily moved and used in a cold environment, and is not easy to crack.
  • a cold-resistant flexible cable comprises a cold-resistant rubber sheath, a copper conductor is arranged inside the cold-resistant rubber sheath, and an outer part of the copper conductor is covered with a cold-resistant rubber insulating layer.
  • one end of the flexible cable is connected with a male coupler, and the other end is connected with a female coupler matched with the male coupler.
  • the cold-resistant rubber insulating layer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 45-55 parts of EPDM rubber, 20-30 parts of talc, 20-30 parts of calcined kaolin, and 4-30 parts of white carbon black. 6 parts, nano zinc oxide 2.5-3.5 parts, microcrystalline wax 2.5-3.5 parts, titanium dioxide 2-3 parts, stearic acid 0.4-0.6 parts, anti-aging agent RD 0.7-0.9 parts, anti-aging synergist MB 0.8-1.2 parts, 4-6 parts of rubber paraffin oil, 0.3-0.5 parts of silane coupling agent A-172, 1.8-2.2 parts of dicumyl peroxide, and 1-1.2 parts of triallyl isocyanurate.
  • the cold-resistant rubber sheath includes the following components in parts by weight: 45-55 parts of chlorinated polyethylene, 8-12 parts of polyolefin elastomer, 15-25 parts of modified kaolin, and white carbon black 8-12 parts, carbon black 2-3 parts, light magnesium oxide 6-8 parts, calcium zinc stabilizer 3-5 parts, flame retardant 8-10 parts, Hongdan 1.5-2.5 parts, chlorinated paraffin 3.5- 4.5 parts, 5-6 parts of dioctyl sebacate, 5-6 parts of trichloroethyl phosphate, 0.4-0.6 parts of antioxidant RD, 0.4-0.6 parts of silane coupling agent KH-402, diisoperoxide 1.8-2.2 parts of propylbenzene, 1-1.2 parts of triallyl isocyanurate.
  • the flexible cable is a single-core cable
  • the single-core cable includes a cable core
  • the outside of the cable core is covered with the cold-resistant rubber sheath
  • the cable core includes the copper core A conductor, the outer part of the copper conductor is covered with the cold-resistant rubber insulating layer.
  • the flexible cable is a multi-core cable
  • the multi-core cable includes a plurality of cable cores, and the outer parts of all the cable cores are covered with wrapping tapes, and the outer parts of the wrapping tapes are covered With the cold-resistant rubber sheath, the gap between the cable cores inside the wrapping tape is filled with fillers, each of the cable cores includes the copper conductor, and the copper conductor is covered with The cold-resistant rubber insulating layer is described.
  • a preparation process of a cold-resistant flexible cable comprising the following steps:
  • a plurality of copper monofilaments are twisted to form a copper conductor, and a plurality of the copper monofilaments are divided into multiple layers from the inside to the outside, and the twisting directions of the adjacent two layers of copper monofilaments are opposite;
  • the flexible cable is formed by coating the outside of the cable core with a cold-resistant rubber sheath.
  • one end of the flexible cable is also connected with a male coupler, and the other end is connected with a female coupler matched with the male coupler.
  • the preparation method of the cold-resistant rubber insulating layer includes the following steps:
  • the preparation method of the cold-resistant rubber sheath comprises the following steps:
  • the second mixed rubber material is taken out from the first mill, and placed in the second mill to turn rubber and roll;
  • the invention has the following beneficial effects: the cold-resistant flexible cable and the preparation process thereof of the invention enable the cable to maintain good flexibility in a cold environment, ensure that the cable can still be easily moved and used in a cold environment, and is not easy to crack, Has good torsion resistance.
  • Fig. 1 is the structural representation when the flexible cable of the present invention is a single-core cable
  • Fig. 2 is the structural representation when the flexible cable of the present invention is a multi-core cable
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the WH400A-TJ-L1 male pin plug
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the WH400A-TK-L1 female pin plug
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the TYP975 125A five-pole IP67 plug
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the TYP2724 125A five-pole IP67 connector
  • the present embodiment discloses a cold-resistant flexible cable.
  • the flexible cable includes a cold-resistant rubber sheath 2.
  • the cold-resistant rubber sheath 2 is provided with a copper conductor 11 inside, and the outer surface of the copper conductor 11 is covered There is a cold-resistant rubber insulating layer 12 .
  • the copper conductor 11 has good flexibility
  • the cold-resistant rubber insulating layer 12 and the cold-resistant rubber sheath 2 have good low temperature resistance and flexibility, which can make the cable as a whole still maintain good flexibility and torsion resistance in a low temperature environment. Strong, not easy to crack.
  • one end of the flexible cable is connected with a male coupler, and the other end is connected with a female coupler adapted to the above-mentioned male coupler.
  • the male coupler can use the H400A-TJ-L1 male pin plug, and the female coupler can use the WH400A-TK-L1 female pin plug;
  • the flexible cable is For five-core cables, as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, the male coupler can use TYP975 125A five-pole IP67 plug, and the female coupler can use TYP2724 125A five-pole IP67 connector.
  • the installation position is generally designed in advance to connect and install with fixed-length cables.
  • This type of laying method has poor flexibility and mobility, and is inconvenient to temporarily change the power consumption position.
  • the above structure of this embodiment is The two ends of the fixed-length flexible cable are respectively connected with a male coupler and a female coupler. Through the setting of the male coupler and the female coupler, the quick connection of multi-segment cables can be conveniently realized.
  • the coupler can be inserted into the female coupler at the end of the cable at the other end. The operation is simple and convenient, and it can be combined arbitrarily in the temporary power supply project, and the length change and position adjustment of the temporary power line can be quickly realized.
  • a latch locking device can also be provided on the cable end to ensure that the male and female couplers in the two cables can be locked after they are combined, so as to prevent accidental disconnection of the coupler by humans and ensure the safety of the connection. reliability.
  • the cold-resistant rubber insulating layer 12 includes the following components in parts by weight: 45-55 parts of EPDM rubber, 20-30 parts of talc, 20-30 parts of calcined kaolin, and 4-6 parts of white carbon black parts, nano-zinc oxide 2.5-3.5 parts, microcrystalline wax 2.5-3.5 parts, titanium dioxide 2-3 parts, stearic acid 0.4-0.6 parts, anti-aging agent RD 0.7-0.9 parts, anti-aging synergist MB 0.8-1.2 parts , 4-6 parts of rubber paraffin oil, 0.3-0.5 parts of silane coupling agent A-172, 1.8-2.2 parts of dicumyl peroxide (DCP), triallyl isocyanurate (TAIC) 1 - 1.2 servings.
  • the matched cold-resistant rubber insulating layer 12 can make the cable maintain good flexibility in a cold environment.
  • the cold-resistant rubber sheath 2 includes the following components in parts by weight: 45-55 parts of chlorinated polyethylene, 8-12 parts of polyolefin elastomer (POE), 15-25 parts of modified kaolin, white 8-12 parts of carbon black, 2-3 parts of carbon black, 6-8 parts of light magnesium oxide, 3-5 parts of calcium zinc stabilizer, 8-10 parts of flame retardant, 1.5-2.5 parts of Hongdan, chlorinated paraffin 3.5-4.5 parts, 5-6 parts of dioctyl sebacate (DOS), 5-6 parts of trichloroethyl phosphate (TCEP), 0.4-0.6 part of antioxidant RD, 0.4 part of silane coupling agent KH-402 -0.6 parts, dicumyl peroxide (DCP) 1.8-2.2 parts, triallyl isocyanurate (TAIC) 1-1.2 parts.
  • the matching cold-resistant rubber sheath 2 can make the cable maintain good flexibility in a cold environment.
  • the mesh number of the talc powder is 1250 to improve the fineness of the talc powder.
  • the flexible cable is a single-core cable
  • the single-core cable includes a cable core 1
  • the outside of the cable core 1 is covered with a cold-resistant rubber sheath 2
  • the cable core 1 includes a copper conductor 11 .
  • the outside of the copper conductor 11 is covered with a cold-resistant rubber insulating layer 12 .
  • the flexible cable is a multi-core cable
  • the multi-core cable includes a plurality of cable cores 1 . It is covered with a cold-resistant rubber sheath 2, and the gap between the cable cores 1 inside the wrapping tape 4 is filled with filler 3.
  • Each cable core 1 includes a copper conductor 11, and the outside of the copper conductor 11 is covered with cold-resistant rubber. insulating layer 12 .
  • the multi-core cable is a five-core cable.
  • the material of the filler 3 is the same as that of the cold-resistant rubber sheath 2, so as to better improve the flexibility of the cable.
  • the present embodiment also discloses a preparation method of the above-mentioned cold-resistant flexible cable, comprising the following steps:
  • a plurality of copper monofilaments are twisted to form a copper conductor 11, and the multiple copper monofilaments are divided into multiple layers from the inside to the outside, and the twisting directions of the two adjacent layers of copper monofilaments are opposite;
  • the pitch is not greater than 12 times the outer diameter of the strand, the secondary outer layer is not greater than 14 times the outer diameter of the strand, and so on;
  • one end of the flexible cable is also connected with a male coupler, and the other end is connected with a female coupler matched with the male coupler.
  • the copper monofilament can be tinned copper wire or bare copper wire.
  • the preparation method of the cold-resistant rubber insulating layer 12 includes the following steps:
  • the first mixed rubber material is taken out from the second open mill, and the taken out first mixed rubber material is placed in a calender to be calendered to form the first film;
  • the first film is cooled, and the cooled first film is transported to a talc powder box for output, thereby obtaining a cold-resistant rubber insulating layer 12 .
  • the purpose of transporting the first film to the talc powder box is to isolate each film and avoid adhesion between each layer of film, which may lead to failure of normal use.
  • the rubber filter machine sequentially includes a 40-mesh filter screen, a 60-mesh filter screen and a 40-mesh filter screen, so as to filter the first or second rubber compound through a three-layer filter screen structure, and filter out the Among them impurities.
  • the preparation method of the cold-resistant rubber sheath 2 comprises the following steps:
  • DCP dicumyl peroxide
  • TAIC triallyl isocyanurate
  • the second mixed rubber material is taken out from the first open mill, and placed in the second open mill and rolled after turning the rubber 2-3 times;
  • the second mixed rubber material is taken out from the second open mill, and the taken out second mixed rubber material is placed in a calender to be calendered to form the second film;
  • the second film is transported to the talc powder box in order to isolate each film and prevent the adhesion between each layer of film, which may cause normal use.
  • the temperature resistance grade of the cold-resistant rubber insulating layer 12 prepared by the above ratio and process is -40°C to 90°C, which can withstand the change of temperature difference between day and night, can also be used in hot summer and cold winter, and can meet high current carrying capacity. Requirements for power transmission; good electrical properties, mechanical and physical properties and high softness.
  • the temperature resistance grade of the cold-resistant rubber sheath 2 prepared by the above ratio and process is -40°C to 90°C, which can withstand the change of temperature difference between day and night, and can also be used in hot summer and cold winter, and can meet the high current carrying capacity. Power transmission requirements; good electrical properties, mechanical and physical properties and high softness; good aging resistance, UV resistance and ozone resistance, ensuring long-term bending, dragging and sunlight exposure. The sleeve will not age rapidly, improving the service life of the cable;
  • the calender adopts a three-roll calender.
  • the flexible cable of this embodiment has good overall flexibility and is suitable for use under repeated bending and moving.
  • the minimum allowable bending radius of the cable is 6 times the diameter of the cable; the maximum allowable tensile force during cable laying is not less than 70N/mm 2 The maximum allowable tensile force is not less than 15N/mm 2 ; the waterproof level of the cable reaches IP67, which meets the requirements of outdoor use in rainy and snowy weather; the cable meets the corresponding temperature rise requirements, that is, under the rated current working condition, the external copper busbar terminal is connected.
  • the temperature rise of the parts does not exceed 50K, and the temperature rise of the contact parts of the conductive parts does not exceed 55K; the cable has a sufficient pull-off force.
  • the corresponding pull-off force meets the requirements of the International Electrotechnical Commission IEC61238-1 standard.
  • the flexible cable of this embodiment improves the flexibility of the cable through the structural design of the flexible copper conductor 11, the cold-resistant rubber insulating layer 12 and the cold-resistant rubber sheath 2, so that the cable can be used in a cold environment, such as at -40°C. In low temperature environment, it can still maintain good flexibility, so that the cable can still be easily moved and used in cold environment, not easy to crack, and has good torsion resistance.

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Abstract

一种耐寒型软电缆，该软电缆包括耐寒橡胶护套（2），耐寒橡胶护套（2）的内部设置有铜导体（11），铜导体（11）的外部包覆有耐寒橡胶绝缘层（12）。还涉及一种耐寒型软电缆的制备工艺。能够有效提升电缆在寒冷环境下的柔软性，使得电缆在寒冷环境下仍能够轻易移动使用，不易开裂。

Description

一种耐寒型软电缆及其制备工艺
本申请要求2020年8月31日向中国国家知识产权局的申请号为202010896998.3的专利申请的优先权。
技术领域
本发明涉及电缆加工技术领域，具体涉及一种耐寒型软电缆及其制备工艺。
背景技术
现有电缆结构以单芯电缆和五芯电缆为主。单芯电缆和五芯电缆都包括导体、包覆在导体外围的绝缘层以及设置在最外层的护套，但是现有的电缆结构柔软性不佳，尤其是在低温环境下，因为环境温度过低和电缆硬度过大，使得电缆不易进行扭转移动，且易发生绝缘冻裂的现象，从而导致供电和信号的中断，无法满足使用需求。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种耐寒型软电缆及其制备工艺，能够有效提升电缆在寒冷环境下的柔软性，使得电缆在寒冷环境下仍能够轻易移动使用，不易开裂。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明提供的技术方案如下：
一种耐寒型软电缆，所述软电缆包括耐寒橡胶护套，所述耐寒橡胶护套的内部设置有铜导体，所述铜导体的外部包覆有耐寒橡胶绝缘层。
在其中一个实施方式中，所述软电缆的一端连接有公耦合器，另一端连接有与所述公耦合器相适配的母耦合器。
在其中一个实施方式中，所述耐寒橡胶绝缘层包括以下重量份的组分：三元乙丙橡胶45-55份，滑石粉20-30份，煅烧高岭土20-30份，白炭黑4-6份， 纳米氧化锌2.5-3.5份，微晶蜡2.5-3.5份，钛白粉2-3份，硬脂酸0.4-0.6份，防老剂RD 0.7-0.9份，防老增效剂MB 0.8-1.2份，橡胶石蜡油4-6份，硅烷偶联剂A-172为0.3-0.5份，过氧化二异丙苯1.8-2.2份，三烯丙基异三聚氰酸酯1-1.2份。
在其中一个实施方式中，所述耐寒橡胶护套包括以下重量份的组分：氯化聚乙烯45-55份，聚烯烃弹性体8-12份，改性高岭土15-25份，白炭黑8-12份，炭黑2-3份，轻质氧化镁6-8份，钙锌稳定剂3-5份，阻燃剂8-10份，红丹1.5-2.5份，氯化石蜡3.5-4.5份，癸二酸二辛酯5-6份，三氯乙基磷酸酯5-6份，防老剂RD 0.4-0.6份，硅烷偶联剂KH-402为0.4-0.6份，过氧化二异丙苯1.8-2.2份，三烯丙基异三聚氰酸酯1-1.2份。
在其中一个实施方式中，所述软电缆为单芯电缆，所述单芯电缆包括一个缆芯，所述缆芯的外部包覆有所述耐寒橡胶护套，所述缆芯包括所述铜导体，所述铜导体的外部包覆有所述耐寒橡胶绝缘层。
在其中一个实施方式中，所述软电缆为多芯电缆，所述多芯电缆包括多个缆芯，全部所述缆芯的外部包覆有绕包带，所述绕包带的外部包覆有所述耐寒橡胶护套，所述绕包带内部的缆芯之间的间隙中填充有填充物，每个所述缆芯均包括所述铜导体，所述铜导体的外部包覆有所述耐寒橡胶绝缘层。
一种耐寒型软电缆的制备工艺，包括以下步骤：
1)将多根铜单丝绞合构成铜导体，多根所述铜单丝自内而外分为多层，相邻两层铜单丝的绞合方向相反；
2)在所述铜导体的外部包覆耐寒橡胶绝缘层形成缆芯；
3)在所述缆芯的外部包覆耐寒橡胶护套形成所述软电缆。
在其中一个实施方式中，在步骤3)之后，还在所述软电缆的一端连接公耦合器，另一端连接与所述公耦合器相适配的母耦合器。
在其中一个实施方式中，所述耐寒橡胶绝缘层的制备方法包括以下步骤：
1)将三元乙丙橡胶加入到密炼机中，在105℃-115℃温度下混炼1-2分钟；
2)在所述密炼机中加入滑石粉、煅烧高岭土、白炭黑、纳米氧化锌、微晶蜡、钛白粉、硬脂酸、防老剂RD、防老增效剂MB、橡胶石蜡油和硅烷偶联剂A-172并混炼4-5分钟；
3)在所述密炼机中加入过氧化二异丙苯和三烯丙基异三聚氰酸酯并混炼0.5-1分钟后形成第一混炼胶料；
4)将所述第一混炼胶料从密炼机中取出，并将取出的第一混炼胶料置于第一开炼机中进行薄通处理；
5)将所述第一混炼胶料从第一开炼机中取出，并将取出的第一混炼胶料放入滤橡机进行滤橡处理；
6)将滤橡处理后的第一混炼胶料置于第二开炼机中进行翻胶和打卷；
7)将所述第一混炼胶料从第二开炼机中取出，并将取出的第一混炼胶料置于压延机中进行压延处理形成第一胶片；
8)对第一胶片进行冷却处理，并将冷却后的第一胶片输送至滑石粉箱中后输出。
在其中一个实施方式中，所述耐寒橡胶护套的制备方法包括以下步骤：
1)将氯化聚乙烯和聚烯烃弹性体加入到密炼机中，在105℃-115℃温度下混炼1-2分钟；
2)在所述密炼机中加入改性高岭土、白炭黑、炭黑、轻质氧化镁、钙锌稳定剂、阻燃剂、红丹、氯化石蜡、癸二酸二辛酯、三氯乙基磷酸酯、防老剂RD和硅烷偶联剂KH-402，并混炼4-5分钟；
3)在所述密炼机中加入过氧化二异丙苯和三烯丙基异三聚氰酸酯并混炼0.5-1分钟后形成第二混炼胶料；
4)将所述第二混炼胶料从所述密炼机中取出，并将取出的第二混炼胶料置于第一开炼机中进行薄通处理；
5)将所述第二混炼胶料从第一开炼机中取出，并置于第二开炼机中进行翻胶和打卷；
6)将所述第二混炼胶料从第二开炼机中取出，并将取出的第二混炼胶料置于压延机中进行压延处理形成第二胶片；
7)对第二胶片进行冷却处理，并将冷却后的第二胶片输送至滑石粉箱中后输出。
本发明具有以下有益效果：本发明的耐寒型软电缆及其制备工艺，使得电缆在寒冷环境下仍能够保持较好的柔软性，保证了电缆在寒冷环境下仍能够轻易移动使用，不易开裂，具有较好的耐扭转性。
附图说明
图1是本发明的软电缆为单芯电缆时的结构示意图；
图2是本发明的软电缆为多芯电缆时的结构示意图；
图3是WH400A-TJ-L1公针插头的结构示意图；
图4是WH400A-TK-L1母针插头的结构示意图；
图5是TYP975 125A五极IP67插头的结构示意图；
图6是TYP2724 125A五极IP67连接器的结构示意图；
图中：1、缆芯，11、铜导体，12、耐寒橡胶绝缘层，2、耐寒橡胶护套，3、填充物，4、绕包带。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明，以使本领域的技术人员可以更好地理解本发明并能予以实施，但所举实施例不作为对本发明的限定。
如图1-图2所示，本实施例公开了一种耐寒型软电缆，软电缆包括耐寒橡胶护套2，耐寒橡胶护套2的内部设置有铜导体11，铜导体11的外部包覆有耐寒橡胶绝缘层12。
其中，铜导体11具有较好的柔性，耐寒橡胶绝缘层12和耐寒橡胶护套2具有较好的耐低温性和柔性，能够使得电缆整体在低温环境下仍能够保持较好的柔性，耐扭转性强，不易开裂。
在其中一个实施方式中，软电缆的一端连接有公耦合器，另一端连接有与 上述公耦合器相适配的母耦合器。例如，软电缆为单芯电缆时，如图3和图4所示，公耦合器可采用H400A-TJ-L1公针插头，母耦合器可采用WH400A-TK-L1母针插头；软电缆为五芯电缆时，如图5和图6所示，公耦合器可采用TYP975 125A五极IP67插头，母耦合器可采用TYP2724 125A五极IP67连接器。
现有技术中在进行电路敷设时，一般都是提前设计好安装位置以定长的电缆连接安装，此类敷设方式灵活机动性差，不便于临时变动用电位置，而本实施例的上述结构在定长软电缆的两端分别连接有公耦合器和母耦合器，通过该公耦合器和母耦合器的设置，能够方便的实现多段电缆的快速连接，连接时只需将一段电缆一端的公耦合器插入在另一端电缆端部的母耦合器中即可，操作简单方便，可在临时供电项目中任意组合，可快捷地实现临时用电线路长度的变化和位置调整。
进一步地，电缆端部上还可以设置卡栓锁紧装置，以保证两段电缆中的公、母耦合器结合后能够被锁紧，以防止人为意外断开耦合器，确保连接的安全性和可靠性。
在其中一个实施方式中，耐寒橡胶绝缘层12包括以下重量份的组分：三元乙丙橡胶45-55份，滑石粉20-30份，煅烧高岭土20-30份，白炭黑4-6份，纳米氧化锌2.5-3.5份，微晶蜡2.5-3.5份，钛白粉2-3份，硬脂酸0.4-0.6份，防老剂RD 0.7-0.9份，防老增效剂MB 0.8-1.2份，橡胶石蜡油4-6份，硅烷偶联剂A-172为0.3-0.5份，过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)1.8-2.2份，三烯丙基异三聚氰酸酯(TAIC)1-1.2份。该配比的耐寒橡胶绝缘层12，可以使得电缆在寒冷环境下保持较好的柔软性。
在其中一个实施方式中，耐寒橡胶护套2包括以下重量份的组分：氯化聚乙烯45-55份，聚烯烃弹性体(POE)8-12份，改性高岭土15-25份，白炭黑8-12份，炭黑2-3份，轻质氧化镁6-8份，钙锌稳定剂3-5份，阻燃剂8-10份，红丹1.5-2.5份，氯化石蜡3.5-4.5份，癸二酸二辛酯(DOS)5-6份，三氯乙基磷酸酯(TCEP)5-6份，防老剂RD 0.4-0.6份，硅烷偶联剂KH-402为0.4-0.6份，过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)1.8-2.2份，三烯丙基异三聚氰酸酯(TAIC)1-1.2份。该配比的耐寒橡胶护套2，可以使得电缆在寒冷环境下保持较好的柔软性。
进一步地，滑石粉的目数1250目，以提高滑石粉的细腻程度。
在其中一个实施方式中，如图1所示，软电缆为单芯电缆，单芯电缆包括一个缆芯1，缆芯1的外部包覆有耐寒橡胶护套2，缆芯1包括铜导体11，铜导体11的外部包覆有耐寒橡胶绝缘层12。
在其中一个实施方式中，如图2所示，软电缆为多芯电缆，多芯电缆包括多个缆芯1，全部缆芯1的外部包覆有绕包带4，绕包带4的外部包覆有耐寒橡胶护套2，绕包带4内部的缆芯1之间的间隙中填充有填充物3，每个缆芯1均包括铜导体11，铜导体11的外部包覆有耐寒橡胶绝缘层12。
优选的，如图2所示，多芯电缆为五芯电缆。
在其中一个实施方式中，填充物3的材质和耐寒橡胶护套2的材质相同，以更好地提升电缆的柔软性。
本实施例还公开了一种上述耐寒型软电缆的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
1)将多根铜单丝绞合构成铜导体11，多根铜单丝自内而外分为多层，相邻两层铜单丝的绞合方向相反；最外层铜单丝的绞合节距不大于绞合外径的12倍，次外层不大于绞合外径的14倍，以此类推；
2)在铜导体11的外部包覆耐寒橡胶绝缘层12形成缆芯1；
3)在缆芯1的外部包覆耐寒橡胶护套2形成软电缆；
在其中一个实施方式中，在步骤3)之后，还在软电缆的一端连接公耦合器，另一端连接与公耦合器相适配的母耦合器。
其中，铜单丝可采用镀锡铜丝或裸铜丝。铜单丝直径越细，柔软性越好；导体层与层之间采用正反向绞合，最外层铜单丝的绞合节距不大于绞合外径的12倍，次外层不大于14倍，以此类推，以保证每层均有较小的绞距，从而提高电缆的弯曲性能。
在其中一个实施方式中，耐寒橡胶绝缘层12的制备方法包括以下步骤：
1)将三元乙丙橡胶加入到密炼机中，在105℃-115℃温度下混炼1-2分钟，以保证混炼均匀；
2)在密炼机中加入滑石粉、煅烧高岭土、白炭黑、纳米氧化锌、微晶蜡、 钛白粉、硬脂酸、防老剂RD、防老增效剂MB、橡胶石蜡油和硅烷偶联剂A-172并混炼4-5分钟，以保证混炼均匀；
3)在密炼机中加入过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)和三烯丙基异三聚氰酸酯(TAIC)并混炼0.5-1分钟后形成第一混炼胶料；
4)将所述第一混炼胶料从密炼机中取出，并将取出的第一混炼胶料在开炼机上进行薄通1-2次，同时摆胶4-6次；
5)将第一混炼胶料从第一开炼机中取出，并将取出的第一混炼胶料放入滤橡机进行滤橡处理；
6)将滤橡处理后的第一混炼胶料在第二开炼机上翻胶2-3次后打卷；
7)将第一混炼胶料从第二开炼机取出，并将取出的第一混炼胶料置于压延机中进行压延处理形成第一胶片；
8)对第一胶片进行冷却处理，并将冷却后的第一胶片输送至滑石粉箱中后输出，从而得到耐寒橡胶绝缘层12。
其中，将第一胶片输送至滑石粉箱，是为了隔离各胶片，避免每层胶片之间发生粘连而导致无法正常使用。
在其中一个实施方式中，滤橡机依次包括40目滤网、60目滤网和40目滤网，以通过三层滤网结构来对第一或第二混炼胶料进行过滤，滤除其中杂质。
在其中一个实施方式中，耐寒橡胶护套2的制备方法包括以下步骤：
1)将氯化聚乙烯和聚烯烃弹性体(POE)加入到密炼机中，在105℃-115℃温度下混炼1-2分钟,以保证混炼均匀；
2)在密炼机中加入改性高岭土、白炭黑、炭黑、轻质氧化镁、钙锌稳定剂、阻燃剂、红丹、氯化石蜡、癸二酸二辛酯、三氯乙基磷酸酯、防老剂RD和硅烷偶联剂KH-402，并混炼4-5分钟，以保证混炼均匀；
3)在密炼机中加入过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)和三烯丙基异三聚氰酸酯(TAIC)并混炼0.5-1分钟后形成第二混炼胶料；
4)将第二混炼胶料从密炼机中取出，并将取出的第二混炼胶料置于第一开炼机中薄通1-2次，同时摆胶4-6次；
5)将第二混炼胶料从第一开炼机中取出，并置于第二开炼机中翻胶2-3次后打卷；
6)将第二混炼胶料从第二开炼机取出，并将取出的第二混炼胶料置于压延机中进行压延处理形成第二胶片；
7)对第二胶片进行冷却处理，并将冷却后的第二胶片输送至滑石粉箱中后输出，从而得到耐寒橡胶护套2。
其中，将第二胶片输送至滑石粉箱，是为了隔离各胶片，避免每层胶片之间发生粘连而导致无法正常使用。
经上述配比和工艺制备的耐寒橡胶绝缘层12的耐温等级为-40℃～90℃，能承受昼夜温差的变化，也能够在酷暑的夏天和严寒的冬天使用，同时能够满足高载流量电力传输的需求；具备良好的电气性能、机械物理性能和较高的柔软度。
经上述配比和工艺制备的耐寒橡胶护套2的耐温等级为-40℃～90℃，能承受昼夜温差的变化，也能够在酷暑的夏天和严寒的冬天使用，同时能够满足高载流量电力传输的需求；具备良好的电气性能、机械物理性能和较高的柔软度；具有良好的耐老化、耐紫外线和抗臭氧等性能，保证在长期弯曲、拖拽和日光暴晒的情况下，护套不会快速老化，提高了电缆的使用寿命；
在其中一个实施方式中，压延机采用三辊压延机。
本实施例的软电缆，整体柔软性好，适合在反复弯曲和移动状态下使用，电缆最小允许弯曲半径为电缆直径的6倍；电缆敷设时允许的最大拉力不低于70N/mm 2,运行中允许的最大拉力不低于15N/mm 2；电缆的防水等级达到IP67，满足户外雨雪天气使用要求；电缆满足相应的温升要求，即在额定电流工作情况下，外接铜母排端头部位温升不超过50K，导电件接触部位的温升不超过55K；电缆具备足够大的拉脱力，对于不同截面积的电缆，相应的拉脱力符合国际电工委员会IEC61238-1标准的要求。
本实施例的软电缆，通过柔性铜导体11、耐寒型橡胶绝缘层12和耐寒型橡胶护套2的结构设计，提高了电缆的柔软性，使得电缆在寒冷环境下，如在-40℃的低温坏境下，仍能够保持较好的柔软性，使得电缆在寒冷环境下仍能够轻易移动使用，不易开裂，具有较好的耐扭转性。
以上所述实施例仅是为充分说明本发明而所举的较佳的实施例，本发明的保护范围不限于此。本技术领域的技术人员在本发明基础上所作的等同替代或变换，均在本发明的保护范围之内。本发明的保护范围以权利要求书为准。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种耐寒型软电缆，其特征在于，所述软电缆包括耐寒橡胶护套，所述耐寒橡胶护套的内部设置有铜导体，所述铜导体的外部包覆有耐寒橡胶绝缘层。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的耐寒型软电缆，其特征在于，所述软电缆的一端连接有公耦合器，另一端连接有与所述公耦合器相适配的母耦合器。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的耐寒型软电缆，其特征在于，所述耐寒橡胶绝缘层包括以下重量份的组分：三元乙丙橡胶45-55份，滑石粉20-30份，煅烧高岭土20-30份，白炭黑4-6份，纳米氧化锌2.5-3.5份，微晶蜡2.5-3.5份，钛白粉2-3份，硬脂酸0.4-0.6份，防老剂RD 0.7-0.9份，防老增效剂MB 0.8-1.2份，橡胶石蜡油4-6份，硅烷偶联剂A-172为0.3-0.5份，过氧化二异丙苯1.8-2.2份，三烯丙基异三聚氰酸酯1-1.2份。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的耐寒型软电缆，其特征在于，所述耐寒橡胶护套包括以下重量份的组分：氯化聚乙烯45-55份，聚烯烃弹性体8-12份，改性高岭土15-25份，白炭黑8-12份，炭黑2-3份，轻质氧化镁6-8份，钙锌稳定剂3-5份，阻燃剂8-10份，红丹1.5-2.5份，氯化石蜡3.5-4.5份，癸二酸二辛酯5-6份，三氯乙基磷酸酯5-6份，防老剂RD 0.4-0.6份，硅烷偶联剂KH-402为0.4-0.6份，过氧化二异丙苯1.8-2.2份，三烯丙基异三聚氰酸酯1-1.2份。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的耐寒型软电缆，其特征在于，所述软电缆为单芯电缆，所述单芯电缆包括一个缆芯，所述缆芯的外部包覆有所述耐寒橡胶护套，所述缆芯包括所述铜导体，所述铜导体的外部包覆有所述耐寒橡胶绝缘层。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的耐寒型软电缆，其特征在于，所述软电缆为多芯电缆，所述多芯电缆包括多个缆芯，全部所述缆芯的外部包覆有绕包带，所述绕包带的外部包覆有所述耐寒橡胶护套，所述绕包带内部的缆芯之间的间隙中填充有填充物，每个所述缆芯均包括所述铜导体，所述铜导体的外部包覆有所述耐寒橡胶绝缘层。
  7. 一种耐寒型软电缆的制备工艺，其特征在于，包括以下步 骤：
    1)将多根铜单丝绞合构成铜导体，多根所述铜单丝自内而外分为多层，相邻两层铜单丝的绞合方向相反；
    2)在所述铜导体的外部包覆耐寒橡胶绝缘层形成缆芯；
    3)在所述缆芯的外部包覆耐寒橡胶护套形成所述软电缆。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的耐寒型软电缆的制备方法，其特征在于，在所述步骤3)之后，还在所述软电缆的一端连接公耦合器，另一端连接与所述公耦合器相适配的母耦合器。
  9. 如权利要求7所述的耐寒型软电缆的制备方法，其特征在于，所述耐寒橡胶绝缘层的制备方法包括以下步骤：
    1)将三元乙丙橡胶加入到密炼机中，在105℃-115℃温度下混炼1-2分钟；
    2)在所述密炼机中加入滑石粉、煅烧高岭土、白炭黑、纳米氧化锌、微晶蜡、钛白粉、硬脂酸、防老剂RD、防老增效剂MB、橡胶石蜡油和硅烷偶联剂A-172并混炼4-5分钟；
    3)在所述密炼机中加入过氧化二异丙苯和三烯丙基异三聚氰酸酯并混炼0.5-1分钟后形成第一混炼胶料；
    4)将所述第一混炼胶料从密炼机中取出，并将取出的第一混炼胶料置于第一开炼机中进行薄通处理；
    5)将所述第一混炼胶料从第一开炼机中取出，并将取出的第一混炼胶料放入滤橡机进行滤橡处理；
    6)将滤橡处理后的第一混炼胶料置于第二开炼机中进行翻胶和打卷；
    7)将所述第一混炼胶料从第二开炼机中取出，并将取出的第一混炼胶料置于压延机中进行压延处理形成第一胶片；
    8)对第一胶片进行冷却处理，并将冷却后的第一胶片输送至滑石粉箱中后输出。
  10. 如权利要求7所述的耐寒型软电缆的制备方法，其特征在于，所述耐寒橡胶护套的制备方法包括以下步骤：
    1)将氯化聚乙烯和聚烯烃弹性体加入到密炼机中，在105℃-115℃温度下混炼1-2分钟；
    2)在所述密炼机中加入改性高岭土、白炭黑、炭黑、轻质氧化镁、钙锌稳定剂、阻燃剂、红丹、氯化石蜡、癸二酸二辛酯、三氯乙基磷酸酯、防老剂RD和硅烷偶联剂KH-402，并混炼4-5分钟；
    3)在所述密炼机中加入过氧化二异丙苯和三烯丙基异三聚氰酸酯并混炼0.5-1分钟后形成第二混炼胶料；
    4)将所述第二混炼胶料从所述密炼机中取出，并将取出的第二混炼胶料置于第一开炼机中进行薄通处理；
    5)将所述第二混炼胶料从第一开炼机中取出，并置于第二开炼机中进行翻胶和打卷；
    6)将所述第二混炼胶料从第二开炼机中取出，并将取出的第二混炼胶料置于压延机中进行压延处理形成第二胶片；
    7)对第二胶片进行冷却处理，并将冷却后的第二胶片输送至滑石粉箱中后输出。
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