WO2022033722A1 - Appareil pour la stérilisation d'air contenant un aérosol - Google Patents

Appareil pour la stérilisation d'air contenant un aérosol Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022033722A1
WO2022033722A1 PCT/EP2021/025308 EP2021025308W WO2022033722A1 WO 2022033722 A1 WO2022033722 A1 WO 2022033722A1 EP 2021025308 W EP2021025308 W EP 2021025308W WO 2022033722 A1 WO2022033722 A1 WO 2022033722A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
flow
aerosol
flow channel
sterilization
air
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2021/025308
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Horst Hahn
Thomas Blank
Jochen KRIEGSEIS
Original Assignee
Karlsruher Institut für Technologie
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of WO2022033722A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022033722A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L9/00—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
    • A61L9/16—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using physical phenomena
    • A61L9/18—Radiation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L9/00—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
    • A61L9/16—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using physical phenomena
    • A61L9/22—Ionisation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F7/00—Ventilation
    • F24F7/003—Ventilation in combination with air cleaning
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
    • F24F8/10—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
    • F24F8/10—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering
    • F24F8/192—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering by electrical means, e.g. by applying electrostatic fields or high voltages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
    • F24F8/20—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by sterilisation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
    • F24F8/20—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by sterilisation
    • F24F8/22—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by sterilisation using UV light
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
    • F24F8/80—Self-contained air purifiers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L2209/00—Aspects relating to disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
    • A61L2209/10—Apparatus features
    • A61L2209/14—Filtering means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
    • F24F8/10—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering
    • F24F8/192—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering by electrical means, e.g. by applying electrostatic fields or high voltages
    • F24F8/194—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering by electrical means, e.g. by applying electrostatic fields or high voltages by filtering using high voltage
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for the sterilization of aerosol-containing air, preferably with an aerosol contaminated with a pathogen such as corona virus SARS-CoV-2, cold and flu viruses and other contagious viral pathogens according to the first claim.
  • a pathogen such as corona virus SARS-CoV-2, cold and flu viruses and other contagious viral pathogens according to the first claim.
  • the transmission of viruses by aerosols is influenced by external environmental influences such as temperature and humidity, which have an impact on the lifespan of the aerosols and thus the viruses in the air.
  • the aerosol particles can dry out more quickly in dry air and thus render the virus harmless more quickly than is possible in humid air. This can be observed particularly drastically, e.g. B. in slaughterhouses, where low temperatures and high humidity favor the transmission of the virus.
  • suction devices are known, in particular for commercial applications, in which a suction opening such as a suction bell is positioned at an emission source and the emissions are sucked up and passed on to a waste air duct system.
  • extraction usually takes place at the end of the exhaust air duct system. Sterilization - if planned at all - usually takes place centrally for all connected suction devices, away from the exhaust air duct system.
  • suction devices are exhaust air systems, i. H . In closed rooms, the extracted air will flow back into the room through other openings, which in turn does not allow use in security areas or clean rooms in particular.
  • exhaust air systems for rooms are known in which the air is usually extracted at only a few points in the room, often on the ceiling.
  • the extraction takes place integrally and not separately for each emission source, which is particularly unsatisfactory for the extraction and destruction of air containing pathogens.
  • recirculation systems are known in which the air in a room is sucked in, treated, ie. H . cleaned , filtered and / or brought back into the room at a different point . They are primarily used for air conditioning in closed rooms, vehicles and buildings.
  • circulating air systems are preferably air conditioning and cleaning systems in clean rooms, in which the extracted air is conducted centrally or decentrally at sources of contamination, usually via a circulating air duct system, out of the room, where it is cleaned, filtered and/or brought back into the room at a controlled temperature. Similar circulating air systems are also used, for example, for vehicle air conditioning or for air conditioning of mainframe systems.
  • An example of circulating air cleaning systems in which the air drawn in for treatment is not routed out of the room, are circulating air extractor hoods for kitchen and laboratory applications.
  • DE 10 2015 013 630 A1 also discloses a device for producing germ-reduced room air, in particular for technical storage systems. Germs are also killed by UVC radiation. This system also does not have local exhaust ventilation directed at a source of contamination.
  • DE 20 2016 004 286 U1 discloses a ventilation arrangement with an extractor hood intended for extracting vapor for the kitchen area, in which UV light emitters are arranged downstream of a separator and cause ozone formation there in such a way that, in addition to the antibacterial effect, particles contained in the filtered exhaust air are also removed be crushed and reach the vent via a suction device.
  • the system is designed in such a way that mixed air can be formed from external fresh air and/or kitchen vapors.
  • one object of the invention is to design a device of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that it is suitable for the sterilization of air containing aerosols, preferably with a pathogen such as corona virus SARS-CoV-2, cold and flu viruses and other infectious viral ones Pathogens, on the one hand and conceptually suitable for use in noise-sensitive environments.
  • a pathogen such as corona virus SARS-CoV-2, cold and flu viruses and other infectious viral ones Pathogens
  • a solution to the task is based on the basic idea of a combination of local capture of the aerosols in one place with one person, with several people belonging together (e.g. at a restaurant table) or another aerosol source, combined with local deactivation of the virus (rendering harmless) with simultaneously low flow resistance.
  • a device that sucks in aerosol-containing air from at least one suction volume in an immediate and locally definable surrounding area via at least one suction opening, sterilizes it in the device and releases it back into this surrounding area via at least one exhaust air opening.
  • the surrounding areas preferably extend in the range between 1 and 4 m, more preferably in the form of columns or spheres around the device.
  • the distance between the suction opening and the exhaust air opening is preferably a maximum of 1.5 m, more preferably a maximum of 1.0 m.
  • a cleaning of the air from the aerosol and/or particles is not in the foreground, but rather the most effective possible sterilization of the aerosol-containing air sucked in.
  • a device for the sterilization of air containing aerosols comprising the following components: a) at least one flow channel with one or more flow cross sections, preferably one flow channel with a flow cross section, b) at least one fan for generating an air flow in the flow channel, c) means for sterilizing at least one aerosol in the air flow, d) at least one suction opening for the aerosol-containing air into the flow channel and e) at least one exhaust opening for a sterilized air flow from the flow channel, wherein f) the at least one suction opening in at least one intake volume opens out, each of the at least one intake volume adjoining an aerosol source.
  • local means a close proximity to the equipment, preferably combining the intake and discharge of the aerosol-containing air with the sterilization of this air, preferably in circulating air mode.
  • Local also means in particular the close proximity of the device to the intake volume and to the at least one aerosol source adjacent to it as a local demarcation to neighboring devices/intake volumes/aerosol sources with other, preferably non-overlapping intake volumes in the same room.
  • the intake volume mentioned is consequently the volume directly in front of the intake opening (distance preferably up to 1 meter between intake opening and aerosol source) and is located in the inflow area of the device.
  • An intake volume also includes at least one of the aerosol sources that release an aerosol into the intake volume. In the inflow area, a dominating flow directed in the direction of the intake opening forms.
  • the intake volume mentioned is consequently defined as the limited volume directly in front of the intake opening with a free distance from the intake opening of 0.6 m, preferably 1.0 m, more preferably 1.5 m. It preferably includes the volume area between the suction opening and the aerosol source. It is in fluid contact with an aerosol source, e.g. B. an exhaling human, and the intake opening as an aerosol sink . More preferably, an intake volume comprises at least the smallest sphere volume between an intake opening and an aerosol source, with both the intake opening and the aerosol source touching the spherical surface of the sphere volume.
  • the at least one flow channel connects, preferably outgoing or incoming branch, the at least one intake opening with the at least one exhaust air opening.
  • the at least one flow channel has a flow cross section at each point (in total) which does not necessarily have to be uniformly constant.
  • the flow channel is completely or for the most part, i. H . preferably aligned vertically in at least one section.
  • a preferably rectilinear configuration is proposed, but also has flow deflection areas depending on the embodiment described below and the configuration of the means for sterilization.
  • Flow deflection areas at the bottom can also be configured as collection areas, preferably collection containers, for separated aerosol components and/or particles.
  • a fanning out or subdivision into several flow channels (partial channels) and/or a combination of several flow channels (partial channels) between the at least one intake opening and the at least one exhaust air opening fall within the scope of the invention.
  • the sucked-in quantity of air then preferably leaves the device again only via the at least one exhaust air opening.
  • the invention comprises the following basic forms of execution of the means for sterilization:
  • the means also include means for separating the at least one aerosol or parts thereof from the air flow. These means for separation are preferably used for the selective and temporary fixation of aerosol components for subsequent sterilization. They are not intended for the separation of dust particles or other solid components.
  • the means for sterilization have an effective area in the flow channel and/or over the separation surfaces. They can also be designed as follows and therefore include at least one of the following means:
  • UV light source preferably a UVC light source, with an effective area in the flow channel
  • At least one microwave source with effective range in the flow channel At least one microwave source with effective range in the flow channel.
  • Fig. la and b schematically show an exemplary arrangement of an embodiment of the device in a side view (a) and top view (b),
  • FIG. 2a to c schematic cross-sectional views of preferred configurations for an arrangement according to FIG. la and b,
  • Fig. 3 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a preferred embodiment for an arrangement on a tabletop
  • FIG. 4a and b schematic example underfloor arrangements of embodiments of the device in a side view
  • Fig. 5 schematically shows an exemplary further embodiment in which the at least one exhaust air opening opens directly into the at least one intake volume
  • FIG. 6a and b schematically further embodiment according to FIG. la and b, however, comprising at least one means for deflecting the air flow from the exhaust air opening in the direction of the at least one suction opening,
  • FIG. 7a and b schematic exemplary means for sterilization, comprising an electrostatic separation for the aerosol
  • FIG. 8a and b schematically exemplary means for sterilization, comprising a separation for the aerosol by means of an inertial force separator and/or a filter surface spanning the flow cross section
  • Fig. 9a to d in schematic sectional top views over the flow cross section of the flow channel, exemplary means for sterilization, comprising elements around which flow can take place, and
  • Fig. 10a and b a particularly preferred embodiment with an embodiment of the means for sterilization by means of UVC LEDs and waste heat conducting plates.
  • the device 1 is arranged above a table or worktop 2 or a walk-in room.
  • People 3 or other sources of germs as aerosol sources usually sit around the table or are in the room, with the at least one suction opening 4 preferably being arranged at the level of or above the aerosol sources (e.g. breathing openings of the people) and preferably downwards point .
  • Fig. 2a to c show simple preferred configurations for this in schematic cross-sectional views. They each comprise a vertically aligned tubular housing 5 open on both sides, the lower opening forming the intake opening 4 and the upper opening forming the exhaust air opening 6 .
  • the fan 7 is preferably switched on or off in or on the exhaust air opening. put on . It preferably spans the entire flow cross section.
  • the means for sterilization 10 are located in the housing between the fan and the suction opening.
  • the suction opening preferably points downwards.
  • the tubular housing preferably has a constant cross-section (Fig. 2a). With a flow cross section of the housing that widens downwards in a trumpet shape towards the outlet (FIG.
  • the aerosol-containing air is sucked in in a more streamlined manner from the suction volume 14 via the table. It advantageously promotes a laminar flow into the device.
  • a suction that can be customized for each person separately is shown in FIG. 2c, in which the suction openings 4 flow radially into the housing 5 at the bottom side. The orientation of these suction openings can preferably be adjusted.
  • the means for sterilizing 10 are located in the housings in the through-flow channel 13 .
  • the means for sterilization are single or multi-stage.
  • a preferred embodiment of this includes a shown in FIG. 3 is an example of a vessel 11 open at the top, into which part of the device 1 including the suction opening 4 is inserted, forming an annular gap volume 12 .
  • the device with the vessel is preferably a table-top device, the vessel lying at least partially in the at least one suction volume and serving as a means for deflecting the aerosol-containing air that is sucked in.
  • the device 1 is arranged underneath a floor, table or worktop 2, with the suction opening pointing upwards through the floor, table or worktop.
  • This configuration represents an underfloor design and is therefore better shielded by the floor, table or worktop with its structural volume and its operating noise.
  • a particularly advantageous embodiment in this regard provides for the suction opening 4, which is open at the top, to be covered with a cover element at a distance from the floor, table or worktop 2, forming a circumferential suction gap 21.
  • this cover element is preferably a cover plate 8 which can be used as a storage space, e.g. B. can be used for food (Fig. 4b).
  • the gap opens out in a particularly advantageous manner at the point in the extraction volume at which people sitting around the table preferably exhale.
  • Fig. 4b also shows optional passage openings 22 through the floor, table or worktop 2 arranged below the intake volume 14.
  • FIG. They are used to return the air flow from the exhaust air opening 6 into the suction volume 14 , with an optional deflection trough 23 as an additional means for deflection 19 improving the return of an increased proportion of the sterilized air flow.
  • the edge of this deflection trough 23 is arranged at a distance from the underside of the tabletop to avoid back pressures (e.g. through covered passage openings), which allows the sterilized air flow to escape around the edge of the tabletop (preferably between the tabletop and the people sitting at the table) back to the suction volume 14 allows .
  • the exhaust air opening can also be connected to an exhaust air duct system, with the fan being part of the exhaust air duct system.
  • the at least one fan 7 is preferably arranged in the flow channel 13 between the means for sterilization 10 and the exhaust air opening 6 and/or at the exhaust air opening 6 .
  • the noise of the fan can best be shielded.
  • only the sterilized air stream flows against the ventilator.
  • this also pursues a general objective of the invention, namely that the sucked-in non-sterilized air flow is fed directly to the means for sterilization without coming into contact with other elements, such as e.g. B. Filter elements or flow control elements of the fan. This also reduces the required disinfection intervals of the device.
  • the fan can also be designed as a sheath flow fan, which is preferably used centrally in the flow channel and does not take up the entire flow cross section. It is consequently not only penetrated by the air flow, but also flows around it and generates a central air flow, which then takes the surrounding air flow areas through the flow channel, preferably out of the exhaust air opening.
  • the flow profile is therefore maximum in the flow cross-section in the area of the ducted flow fan and then decreases towards the walls of the flow channel and thus the exhaust air opening, which means not only quieter operation, but also fundamentally lower turbulence when the sterilized aerosol-containing air exits. This serves in particular for the comfort of the people in the vicinity of the device.
  • FIG. 5 A preferred further embodiment is represented by FIG. 5 . It provides that the at least one exhaust air opening 6 opens directly into the at least one intake volume 14 . In this way, the sterilized air flow leaving the exhaust air opening is fed back from the flow channel directly into the at least one intake volume and thus advantageously dilutes the concentration of germs in the aerosol-containing air in the intake volume.
  • the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 5 includes, for example, a device that can be placed on a tabletop 2, ie between, and preferably in the center of, the people sitting at the table.
  • a suction opening 4 or row of suction openings oriented radially outwards towards the people and an exhaust air opening 6 or row of exhaust openings also oriented outwards are provided, the air then being directed radially inwards into at least one vertical through-flow channel section 15, in which the means for Sterilization 10 and preferably also the fan 7 are arranged.
  • the suction opening 4 is preferably located below the persons' breathing openings (mouth and nose) and aligned with them.
  • the suction opening and exhaust air opening are preferably not only close to one another, but also directed parallel to one another towards the suction volume. In the example, these are horizontally separated from one another by a partition plate 16, with a lower vessel-shaped housing half 17 delimiting the intake opening 4 at the bottom and an upper vessel-shaped housing half 18 delimiting the exhaust air opening 6 at the top.
  • the embodiment shown in Figure 5 also corresponds to a previously mentioned embodiment, as shown for example Figure 2a and b, supplemented by the upper and lower housing halves 17 and 18 and the partition plate 16 as a means for deflecting the air flow in and out Contraption .
  • FIGS. 6a and b A preferred further embodiment is represented by FIGS. 6a and b. They comprise at least one means for deflecting 19 the sterilized air flow from an exhaust air opening 6 as return air flow in the direction of the at least one suction opening 4 or of the at least one suction volume 14 at the at least one suction opening. This means that the exhaust vent The sterilized air flow leaving is not introduced directly into the intake volume, but is only deflected in the direction there by the deflection means 19 .
  • the means for deflection comprise at least one deflection plate 20 or at least one deflection duct (eg deflection hoses, preferably adjustable in direction) preferably immediately downstream of the exhaust air opening 6 in the direction of flow.
  • a special embodiment provides that the means for deflection 19 open out or are directed directly into the at least one intake volume 14, more preferably into the intake volume from which the deflected sterilized air flow originally comes.
  • the air flow is directed away from the aerosol source directly to the at least one intake volume.
  • this means that the deflected sterilized air flow is directed downwards in the direction of the table surface, specifically in front of the heads of the people sitting at the table (cf. Fig 6a) .
  • an alternative embodiment provides that the aerosol sources are positioned between the deflection means 19 and the at least one suction opening 4 .
  • First configurations of the means for sterilization also include means for separating the at least one aerosol or portions thereof in the air flow. These means for separation are preferably used for the selective and temporary fixation of aerosol components for subsequent sterilization. They are not intended for the separation of dust particles or other solid components.
  • FIG. 7a and b An embodiment of these means for sterilization, represented by FIG. 7a and b, comprises at least one separation surface 24 for the aerosol as a means for separation.
  • the aerosol can preferably be fixed on the separation surfaces for sterilization.
  • the provision of an electrostatic field 25 between two electrodes 26 is preferably additionally proposed.
  • the electrostatic field extends at least over part of the at least one separation area. More preferably, this field extends at least at one point in the flow channel 13 over the entire flow cross section.
  • An aerosol guided past the separating surfaces thus automatically passes through the electrostatic field, with aerosol components 27 , in particular already ionized components, preferably being deflected towards the separating surfaces 24 .
  • one of the electrodes as shown in FIG. 7a and b is formed by at least part of the at least one separating surface, arranged between the at least one suction opening and the electrostatic field in such a way that it captures the air flow in the entire flow cross section.
  • Fig. 7a shows an exemplary configuration without built-in components, i. H .
  • the electrodes face each other flat; the deposition surface 24 can be irradiated, for example, by the other electrode, for example by a UV radiation source arranged on the inner wall of the housing 5 .
  • FIG. 7b shows an embodiment in which the separation surface 24 is formed by the peripheral inner wall of the housing 5 and spans a peripheral electrostatic field 25 with a central electrode 26.
  • the constellations shown are particularly suitable for sterilization by means of an electrostatic plasma field over the separating surfaces or the separating areas, alternatively also for thermal sterilization by heating the separating surfaces z. B. using a microwave.
  • At least part of the at least one aforementioned separation surface has coolant (preferably fluidly via coolant circuits or electrically via Peltier elements) for a surface temperature.
  • coolant preferably fluidly via coolant circuits or electrically via Peltier elements
  • This cools down the surface temperature of the separation surfaces, preferred wise below 10 °C, more preferably below 0 °C.
  • cooling accelerates the formation of condensation or frost and thus the binding of aerosol components when they hit a separation surface, and a redetachment of these by evaporation or sublimation is advantageously delayed.
  • FIG. 8a and b A further configuration of the means for separation is represented in FIG. 8a and b. They comprise at least one inertial force separator and/or a filter surface spanning the flow cross section.
  • Fig. 8a shows, by way of example, means for separation in the form of an inertial force separator 29, preferably with at least one flow deflection 28 and subsequent separation areas 30 after each flow deflection, ie. H . at least one separate separation surface for the at least one aerosol.
  • Inertial mass separators preferably use the inertial mass differences of air and aerosol components in the case of a flow deflection and/or flow velocity change for material separation.
  • the separating surfaces of the separating areas can preferably be heated during sterilization, d. H . the sterilization (and immediately following vaporization) preferably takes place with the impact of aerosol components on the separation surfaces.
  • a filter surface 31 spanning the flow cross section of the flow channel 13 is proposed as an alternative or in addition, which can be used as separation surfaces or separation areas for a temporary fixation of aerosol components for the subsequent sterilization.
  • the preferably sloping arrangement of the filter surface shown advantageously causes an increase in the filter surface available as a separation surface and enables a preferred arrangement of at least one UV radiation source 32 for sterilizing the aerosol components separated on the filter surface on the inner wall of the tubular housing 5 .
  • additional light-tight, open-pored foam elements 33 are arranged on both sides of the UV radiation sources 32.
  • the aforementioned open-pore foam elements through which flow can take place can be heated, preferably designed as metal foam elements by means of resistance heating or with a microwave source. They therefore serve as an alternative or additional sterilization stage, whereby the pore surfaces can also be used as temporary separation stages for aerosol components.
  • the separation areas or additional separation areas are preferably positioned in the areas of local accumulation of the aerosol components.
  • the mass force separators and/or the filter surfaces serve as separation surfaces, in contrast to the prior art not for permanent fixation and removal , but the temporary fixation of aerosol components for subsequent sterilization .
  • the at least one mass force separator and/or the filter surface form or have at least one separate separation surface for the at least one aerosol.
  • the aforementioned separation means are part of the sterilization means. This follows the idea of first separating and/or fixing the aerosol in order to then sterilize it using the following means.
  • the means for sterilization that can be combined with these are preferably: a) an electrostatic plasma field over the separation surfaces or the separation areas (cf. in particular FIG. 7a and b), and/or b) a heating means for heating the medium flowing through, d. H .
  • UVC radiation source preferably UV or comprising UVC LEDs or a gas discharge lamp (preferably a mercury gas discharge lamp) with a wavelength between 180 and 410 nm, preferably between 220 and 280 nm, preferably aimed at the separation surfaces or separation areas (cf . in particular . Fig. 8a and b) , and
  • the means mentioned are preferably activated with a constant load or setting, alternatively in pulses, cyclically or at intervals.
  • the means for sterilization mentioned under b) and d) are distinguished from the means mentioned a) and c) by an increased temperature emission, which is why they are proposed in particular for environments that are not sensitive to heat.
  • the means mentioned under b) and d) serve to lower the temperature z. B. adjusted between 30 and 50 °C, only the pre-damage through the onset of drying of the aerosols contaminated with germs and thus to increase the efficiency of a subsequent UV sterilization.
  • means for sterilization without the above-mentioned means for separating the at least one aerosol or parts thereof in the air flow are also proposed.
  • the effective range of these means preferably spans the flow cross section at least at one point or, in the case of a fanning out, the flow cross sections completely.
  • means for sterilization which are proposed alone or in combination with one another, are the following: a) At least one heating means with an effective area in the flow channel:
  • this heating medium is characterized by a maximum temperature of the heating elements or additional heat transfer elements below 100 °C, preferably below 70 or 50 °C.
  • at least one fanning of the air flow into sub-channels is advantageous in the through-flow channel to realize shorter heat transfer paths in the air flow. This requires at least elements 34 that can be flown onto or around in the through-flow channel, some of which are shown as examples in the plan views of the through-flow cross-section in FIG. 9a to d are shown schematically. Fig.
  • the at least one heating means preferably comprises at least one resistance heating element with or without heat transfer elements, which is arranged as at least one element 34 of the aforementioned type that can be flowed against or around it in the through-flow channel, more preferably so that the air flow can flow against or around it.
  • Heat is preferably transferred via heat dissipation ribs or an open-pored metal foam (foam element 33, Fig.
  • a sieve or sieve fabric in the flow channel (example the profile inserts shown in Fig. 9b to d) as components of these heating means, these either by direct Current flow or attached heating elements are designed to be heatable.
  • the aforementioned heat dissipation ribs preferably extend in the direction of the air flow and/or are preferably designed as flow guide elements.
  • An optional embodiment provides, for example, the flow guide elements with Flow breakaway elements or edges to generate local turbulence, which preferably does not extend to the entire flow cross-section, in an otherwise preferably laminar basic flow. In the case of an open-pored metal foam or a screen fabric, stall elements are given solely by their complex structure.
  • Turbulence serves in particular to break down the thermally insulating flow boundary surfaces on a surface in which the flow occurs and thus increase the heat transfer that can be achieved.
  • large-volume turbulence which extends to the entire flow cross-section or an entire partial cross-section and/or dominates the otherwise prevailing laminar flow, also increases the risk of reflux effects and thus unwanted mixing of sterilized and non-sterilized aerosol components and/or uneven heat transfer on the aerosol components.
  • UV light sources with an effective range in the flow channel The aim is to capture the entire air flow conducted through the flow channel using the UV light source, preferably a UVC light source, with the aerosol-containing air being irradiated directly.
  • At least one UV light source is preferably arranged in the flow channel.
  • the effective area of these UV light sources is located in the flow channel and covers preferably the whole, more preferably a complete and preferably also a separate flow cross section for each of these UV sources, which emphasizes a serial arrangement of the sources in the flow direction as a particularly preferred embodiment.
  • the UV light sources and/or the effective areas of these are preferably optically separated from the suction opening and preferably shielded from the exhaust vent.
  • the aim is to capture the entire air flow conducted through the flow channel by the plasma discharge, with the aerosol-containing air being irradiated directly, as is the case with UV radiation.
  • at least one plasma discharge is preferably arranged between at least two electrodes, which can optionally also be configured as electrically insulated or preferably electrically conductive flow guide surfaces, in the flow channel.
  • several plasma discharges in the through-flow channel are also proposed, preferably in series, with a fanning out into sub-channels also in parallel. Their effective areas are located in the flow channel and preferably cover a complete and preferably separate flow cross-section for each of these plasma discharges, which emphasizes a serial arrangement of the plasma discharge sources in the flow direction as a particularly preferred embodiment.
  • at least one microwave source with an effective range in the flow channel :
  • the aim is to use the microwave source to record the entire air flow passed through the flow channel, with the aerosol-containing air being irradiated and heated by the microwaves.
  • the microwaves either heat the aerosol in the air directly or indirectly via radiated heat-conducting elements, which are adapted in terms of their design, in particular their choice of material, to the radiated microwave length with regard to their coupling properties.
  • a particularly advantageous embodiment is shown in FIG. 10a and b with an embodiment of the means for sterilization by means of UVC LEDs and waste heat conducting plates. It provides a device which, as means for sterilization, provides at least one UV light source (UV radiation source, generally also including UVC light source or UVC radiation source), in the example a UVC LED 37, as well as additional heating means.
  • UV radiation source generally also including UVC light source or UVC radiation source
  • the at least one UV light source and the heating means preferably have active areas arranged in series. More preferably, several UV light sources and then at least one heating means are arranged in series in the flow channel, with each of these effective areas more preferably spanning the entire flow cross section.
  • Fig. 10a shows a schematic side sectional view with a flow channel 13 guided in a U-shape around a circuit carrier 36.
  • the at least one UV light source (UVC-LED 37) and the heating means in terms of apparatus, with the Hei zffen comprise means for heat dissipation (cooling fins 38) of waste heat from the at least one UV light source.
  • UVC LED and cooling ribs are each arranged on one side of the circuit carrier 36, the cooling ribs being arranged parallel to the flow in the flow direction and in the flow channel preferably up to just before the arrangement of the UVC LED, d. H . also extend in the area of the flow deflection 28 .
  • An open-pore foam element 33 prevents light from escaping from the exhaust air opening; the fan 7 ensures the flow. It is optionally proposed to additionally arrange at least one Peltier element as an electrothermal converter on circuit board 36 between foam element 33 and cooling fins 38 in such a way that the heat-absorbing pole of the Peltier element is coupled to the foam element and the heat-emitting pole of the Peltier element is coupled to the cooling fins is coupled . Heat is thus withdrawn from the air flow from the foam element and thus from the sterilized air flow leaving the exhaust opening, which is then added as additional heating of the non-sterilized air flow drawn in via the suction opening via the cooling fins.
  • Fig. 10b shows a specific embodiment of a module with circuit carrier 36 without housing, fan and foam element, but with six UVC LEDs 37 arranged in series and three cooling fins 38 arranged parallel to one another under the circuit carrier and electronic control components 39.
  • a particularly preferred embodiment provides in the context of which at least one UV light source and the heat dissipation structure on at least one circuit board such. B. to be arranged on a circuit board in or on the flow cross-section, more preferably the at least one UV light source being arranged on one side and the heat dissipation structure on the other side of the at least one circuit carrier and the flow channel adjoining both sides of the circuit carrier.
  • the configuration of the in Fig. 10b illustrated circuit carrier is preferably suitable as a module for a parallel connection order with additional circuit carriers . It is also proposed that the flow cross section should be made rectangular and not round.
  • the suction opening 4 is preferably located below the people's breathing openings (mouth and nose).
  • the suction opening and exhaust air opening 6 are preferably not only close to one another, but also directed parallel to one another onto the suction volume 14 .
  • the housing 5 also has parallel upper and lower sides, with which the device can be used in a particularly advantageous manner as a support for objects such as B. can also be used as part of a warming plate for food.
  • this embodiment or just the aforementioned arrangement of the Peltier elements can be integrated into a flow deflection arrangement according to FIG. 8a, with preferably a separate module for each flow deflection in accordance with FIG. 10b can be provided (serial arrangement).

Abstract

Appareil (1) pour la stérilisation d'air contenant un aérosol, comprenant : au moins un canal d'écoulement d'air (13) avec une ou plusieurs sections transversales à écoulement d'air, au moins un ventilateur (7) pour générer un courant d'air dans le canal d'écoulement d'air, des moyens de stérilisation (10) pour stériliser au moins un aérosol dans le courant d'air, au moins une ouverture d'admission (4) pour prélever l'air contenant un aérosol dans le canal d'écoulement d'air, et au moins une ouverture d'air sortant (6) pour évacuer un courant d'air stérilisé du canal d'écoulement d'air, la ou les ouvertures d'admission débouchant dans au moins un volume d'admission (14), et chacun parmi le ou les volumes d'admission étant respectivement adjacent à une source d'aérosol.
PCT/EP2021/025308 2020-08-11 2021-08-09 Appareil pour la stérilisation d'air contenant un aérosol WO2022033722A1 (fr)

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DE102020121130.9 2020-08-11
DE102020121130.9A DE102020121130A1 (de) 2020-08-11 2020-08-11 Vorrichtung für die Sterilisierung von aerosolhaltiger Luft

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DE102015013630A1 (de) 2015-10-21 2017-04-27 Peter Fuchs Funktionseinheit zur Herstellung von keimfreier Luft im Innenbereich von geschlossenen technischen Lagersystemen
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KR20200055608A (ko) * 2018-11-13 2020-05-21 (주)오앤케이테크 공기 청정 살균 장치
CN111237917A (zh) * 2020-03-13 2020-06-05 艺科心研究院(宁波)有限公司 一种动静态结合式空气智能消毒净化设备

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4248162A (en) * 1979-07-26 1981-02-03 Spellman High Voltage Electronics Corporation Table with electrostatic air purifier/cleaner
DD157626A1 (de) 1981-03-27 1982-11-24 Horst Wuensche Sterilfilterkombination zur erzeugung keimarmer zuluft
JPH11128647A (ja) * 1997-11-04 1999-05-18 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 空気清浄装置
EP2025351A1 (fr) * 2007-08-08 2009-02-18 Meltem Wärmerückgewinnung GmbH & Co. KG Dispositif de purification d'air doté d'un neutraliseur d'O3 et procédé de purification d'air
WO2011006509A1 (fr) * 2009-07-17 2011-01-20 Technical University Of Denmark Dispositif et procédé de réduction de diffusion de micro-organismes et de matières aéroportées dangereuses pour la santé et/ou de protection contre les micro-organismes et les matières aéroportées dangereuses pour la santé
EP2455678A2 (fr) 2010-11-23 2012-05-23 Werner Schröder Dispositif et procédé de désinfection d'air s'écoulant
WO2014116066A1 (fr) * 2013-01-25 2014-07-31 Seoul Viosys Co., Ltd. Appareil de purification d'air utilisant une diode électroluminescente ultraviolette
US20180050124A1 (en) * 2015-06-29 2018-02-22 Puresys Co., Ltd. Air purifying sterilizer module with improved catalytic performance and air purifying sterilizer including the same
DE102015013630A1 (de) 2015-10-21 2017-04-27 Peter Fuchs Funktionseinheit zur Herstellung von keimfreier Luft im Innenbereich von geschlossenen technischen Lagersystemen
DE202016004286U1 (de) 2016-07-13 2016-08-12 Heinrich Wagener Lüftungsanordnung mit einer Dunstabzugshaube
CN107676918A (zh) * 2017-09-18 2018-02-09 东南大学 一种防交互感染的医护人员风帘防护装置
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CN111237917A (zh) * 2020-03-13 2020-06-05 艺科心研究院(宁波)有限公司 一种动静态结合式空气智能消毒净化设备

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