WO2022027814A1 - 分流器及分流方法 - Google Patents
分流器及分流方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022027814A1 WO2022027814A1 PCT/CN2020/119991 CN2020119991W WO2022027814A1 WO 2022027814 A1 WO2022027814 A1 WO 2022027814A1 CN 2020119991 W CN2020119991 W CN 2020119991W WO 2022027814 A1 WO2022027814 A1 WO 2022027814A1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G47/00—Article or material-handling devices associated with conveyors; Methods employing such devices
- B65G47/34—Devices for discharging articles or materials from conveyor
Definitions
- the invention relates to the technical field of agricultural product harvesting equipment, in particular to a diverter and a diverting method for realizing fast and efficient fruit collection during mechanized harvesting of agricultural products.
- the core of the work of the mechanized harvester is to separate the agricultural products from the stems by mechanized means, and collect the agricultural products separately. After the storage bin is full, the agricultural products in the storage bin are exported and transported to the home by the agricultural vehicle, and then bagged at home.
- the above collection method is not only cumbersome, time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also the storage bin occupies space and increases the load.
- the existing mechanized harvester has changed the collection method of agricultural products, that is, directly bagging at the end of the conveying mechanism, and then Deliver bagged produce directly to your home, an online bagging method that saves time and effort.
- the online bagging collection method has significant advantages, there are also prominent problems in actual use: the online bagging speed per unit time lags seriously behind the harvest of agricultural products.
- the root cause of this problem is that the mechanized harvester is designed to improve harvesting efficiency Generally, multiple rows of agricultural products are harvested at the same time, so that the harvest volume of agricultural products per unit time is very large, and there is only one bag opening at the end of the lifting conveyor.
- When changing the bag first cut the bag opening, and then knot the bag full of fruits. , Move away from the bag opening, and replace the new bag after processing the bag full of fruits. After replacing the new bag, the bag opening needs to be opened again for bagging.
- the purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems existing in the prior art, and to provide a shunt and a shunt method, which have the advantages of reasonable structure design, automatic shunt multi-point bagging, and high bagging efficiency.
- the present invention realizes above-mentioned purpose by adopting following technical scheme:
- Shunts including:
- the conveying mechanism is used for receiving and conveying materials.
- a plurality of intercepting mechanisms are arranged above the conveying mechanism at intervals along the material conveying direction. The intercepting mechanisms gradually intercept the material along the material conveying direction until the material is completely intercepted. outlet;
- the interception mechanism is used for intercepting the material on the conveying mechanism and guiding the intercepted material to the corresponding discharge port.
- One end of the conveying mechanism is set as a material receiving area, and the discharging port is set at one side of the conveying mechanism.
- the conveying mechanism includes a frame on which a conveying driving pulley and a conveying driven pulley are arranged at intervals, and a conveying device for receiving and conveying materials is connected between the conveying driving pulley and the conveying driven pulley.
- the conveying driving pulley is connected with the conveying hydraulic motor through a chain drive.
- the material receiving area is arranged at one end of the conveyor belt, and the end of the frame corresponding to the material receiving area is provided with a baffle plate.
- the shut-off mechanism is horizontally inclined on the conveying mechanism, and the inclination direction of the shut-off mechanism is opposite to the material conveying direction.
- the shut-off mechanism includes a shut-off bracket installed on the frame, and a shut-off drive pulley and a shut-off driven pulley are arranged on the shut-off bracket at intervals, and a shut-off drive pulley and a shut-off driven pulley are arranged between the shut-off drive pulley and the shut-off driven pulley.
- a shut-off guide belt There is a shut-off guide belt, the shut-off guide belt guides the shut-off material to its corresponding discharge port, and the shut-off driving pulley is connected with the shut-off hydraulic motor.
- a tightness adjustment mechanism is provided between the shutoff driven pulley and the shutoff bracket, and the tightness regulation mechanism includes an adjustment seat connected with the shutoff driven pulley and a waist-shaped hole arranged on the shutoff bracket and a fixing base, an adjusting screw and an adjusting nut are arranged between the adjusting base and the fixing base.
- shut-off driving pulley and the shut-off driven pulley on different shut-off mechanisms is different.
- the shut-off guide belt is arranged vertically and perpendicular to the conveying mechanism.
- the interception guide belt is arranged obliquely on the conveying mechanism, and the interception guide belt is arranged obliquely toward the side that is in contact with the material.
- shutoff guide belt close to the discharge port extends beyond the boundary of the conveyor belt.
- At least one cut-off bracket of the cut-off mechanism is movably linked with the frame, one end of the cut-off support is hinged with the frame, and the other end is provided with an inclination adjustment hole A, and the frame is provided with an inclination adjustment hole A.
- the adjustment hole A is used in conjunction with the inclination adjustment hole B, and there is a fastener between the inclination adjustment hole A and the inclination adjustment hole B to fasten the cutoff bracket and the frame.
- Two intercepting mechanisms are arranged above the conveying mechanism at intervals along the material conveying direction. The intercepting mechanism close to the material receiving area intercepts part of the material first, and the other intercepting mechanism intercepts the remaining material.
- the shunt method includes the following steps:
- the present invention adopts the above-mentioned structure, and can bring the following beneficial effects:
- the material By designing the conveying mechanism and the multiple intercepting mechanisms that cooperate with it, the material can be divided into streams during the conveying process of the material. After the diversion, multiple outlets can be used to collect the material, thereby significantly improving the collection efficiency of the material.
- the applied diverter subverts the traditional design concept of online bagging, fundamentally solves the problem of slow online bagging, so as to realize the completion of online bagging under the premise of ensuring the harvesting efficiency of the mechanized harvester.
- the gap between the bottom of the interception guide belt and the material contacting the conveyor belt is smaller than the gap between the other side and the conveyor belt.
- Fig. 1 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the shunt of the present invention
- Fig. 2 is the front view structure schematic diagram of the shunt of the present invention
- Fig. 3 is the side view structure schematic diagram of the shunt of the present invention.
- Fig. 4 is the top-view structure schematic diagram of the shunt of the present invention.
- Fig. 5 is a partial enlarged view of part A in Fig. 4;
- conveying mechanism 101, frame, 102, conveying driving pulley, 103, conveying driven pulley, 104, conveying belt, 105, conveying hydraulic motor, 106, chain drive, 2, shut-off mechanism, 201 , Shutoff bracket, 202, Shutoff drive pulley, 203, Shutoff driven pulley, 204, Shutoff guide belt, 205, Shutoff hydraulic motor, 206, Tilt adjustment hole A, 207, Tilt adjustment hole B, 208, Fastener , 3, discharge port, 4, receiving area, 5, baffle, 6, elastic adjustment mechanism, 601, adjusting seat, 602, waist hole, 603, fixing seat, 604, adjusting screw, 605, adjusting nut.
- the terms “installation”, “provided with”, “design”, “arrangement” and other terms should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection connected, or integrated; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary.
- installation unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, it may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection connected, or integrated; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary.
- the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.
- the "material” in this application refers to the fruits of crops, such as garlic head of garlic, shallot head of onion, and the like.
- the shunt consists of:
- the conveying mechanism 1 is used for receiving and conveying materials.
- a plurality of intercepting mechanisms 2 are arranged above the conveying mechanism 1 at intervals along the material conveying direction.
- the intercepting mechanisms 2 gradually intercept the material along the material conveying direction until the material is completely intercepted.
- the mechanism 2 is provided with a discharge port 3 correspondingly;
- the interception mechanism 2 is used to intercept the material on the conveying mechanism 1 and guide the intercepted material to the corresponding discharge port 3 .
- the material can be divided during the conveying process. After the division, multiple outlets can be bagged and collected online, thereby significantly improving the online packaging of the material. Bag collection efficiency, the diverter of the present application subverts the traditional design concept of online bagging, fundamentally solves the problem of slow online bagging, so as to realize the completion of online bagging under the premise of ensuring the harvesting efficiency of the mechanized harvester.
- One end of the conveying mechanism 1 is set as a material receiving area 4 , and the discharging port 3 is set at one side of the conveying mechanism 1 .
- the mechanized harvester drops the harvested fruits on the receiving area 4, and then the conveying mechanism 1 transports the fruits falling on the receiving area 4, and the discharge port 3 is arranged on the side of the conveying mechanism 1 to facilitate the bagging operation.
- the conveying mechanism 1 includes a frame 101, and the frame 101 is provided with a conveying driving pulley 102 and a conveying driven pulley 103 at intervals, and the connection between the conveying driving pulley 102 and the conveying driven pulley 103 is useful.
- the conveying driving pulley 102 is connected with the conveying hydraulic motor 105 through the chain drive 106.
- the chain drive here mainly includes the driving sprocket arranged on the conveying hydraulic motor 105 and the conveying drive pulley.
- the driven sprocket at one end of the pulley 103, the driving sprocket and the driven sprocket are connected by a chain.
- Receiving and conveying materials by means of belt drive has the advantage of less damage to materials.
- the material receiving area 4 is disposed at one end of the conveyor belt 104 , and the end of the frame 101 corresponding to the material receiving area 4 is provided with a baffle 5 .
- the baffle 5 is provided to effectively prevent the material from falling to the ground due to the rebound of the conveyor belt 104 after falling.
- the shut-off mechanism 2 is arranged horizontally and vertically to the conveying mechanism 1 .
- the intercepting mechanism 2 is horizontally inclined on the conveying mechanism 1, and the inclination direction of the intercepting mechanism 2 is opposite to the material conveying direction.
- the inclined design can facilitate the interception of materials, and it is convenient for the interception guide belt to guide the materials out in time.
- the shut-off mechanism 2 includes a shut-off bracket 201 installed on the frame 101, and the shut-off bracket 201 is provided with a shut-off driving pulley 202 and a shut-off driven pulley 203 at intervals.
- An interception guide belt 204 is arranged between the driven pulleys 203.
- the interception guide belt is preferably a guide bar conveyor belt.
- the interception guide belt 204 guides the intercepted material to the corresponding discharge port 3.
- the interception driving pulley 202 is connected to the shut-off hydraulic motor 205 . Closing and timely conveying the material by means of belt drive has the advantages of high interception and guiding efficiency and less damage to the material.
- a tightness adjusting mechanism 6 is provided between the shutoff driven pulley 203 and the shutoff bracket 201 , and the tightness regulating mechanism 6 includes an adjusting seat 601 connected with the shutoff driven pulley 203 and a
- the waist-shaped hole 602 and the fixing base 603 on the bracket 201 are provided with an adjusting screw 604 and an adjusting nut 605 between the adjusting base 601 and the fixing base 603 .
- the distance between the shut-off driving pulley 202 and the shut-off driven pulley 203 on different shut-off mechanisms 2 is different.
- the shut-off width can be changed, so that the purpose of step-by-step or step-by-step shut-off can be achieved.
- the shut-off guide belt 204 is arranged vertically and perpendicular to the conveying mechanism 1 .
- the interception guide belt 204 is obliquely arranged on the conveying mechanism 1, and the interception guide belt 204 is inclined to the side where it is in contact with the material. It can be realized by adjusting the inclination angle between the cut-off driving pulley 202 and the cut-off driven pulley 203 and the cut-off bracket 201.
- the gap between the bottom of the interception guide belt 204 in contact with the material and the conveyor belt can be smaller than the gap between the bottom of the other side and the conveyor belt.
- This structural design can effectively solve the problem of the material. The problem of weeds, stems and other debris entangled on the interception drive pulley and/or the interception driven pulley.
- shut-off guide belt 204 close to the discharge port 4 extends beyond the boundary of the conveyor belt 104 .
- This structural design effectively solves the problem of the dead angle of the guide between the interception guide belt 204 and the discharge port 4 .
- At least one cut-off bracket 201 of the cut-off mechanism 2 is movably connected to the frame 101 , one end of the cut-off support 201 is hinged with the frame 101 , and the other end is provided with an inclination adjustment hole A206 .
- Two intercepting mechanisms 2 are arranged above the conveying mechanism 1 at intervals along the material conveying direction.
- the intercepting mechanism 2 close to the material receiving area 5 intercepts part of the material first, and the other intercepting mechanism 3 intercepts the remaining material.
- the two intercepting mechanisms 2 can basically meet the requirements of the existing mechanized harvester for online bagging. Of course, the number of intercepting mechanisms can be correspondingly increased according to the harvesting capacity of the mechanized harvester, thereby further improving the online bagging efficiency.
- the shunt method includes the following steps:
- the mechanized harvester drops the harvested garlic heads on the receiving area 4 of the conveyor belt 104, and the conveying hydraulic motor 105 drives the conveying belt 104 to rotate and convey the fruits through the conveying driving pulley 102.
- the interception hydraulic motor 205 drives the interception guide belt 204 to rotate by driving the interception driving pulley 202 to intercept the fruit on the conveyor belt 104 and guide it to the discharge port 3, and then perform online bagging at the discharge port 3.
- the diverter of the present application has the advantages of reasonable structure design, automatic diversion and multi-point bagging, and high bagging efficiency.
Abstract
一种分流器，包括输送机构（1），用于接收和输送物料，输送机构（1）上方沿物料输送方向间隔设有多个截流机构（2），沿物料输送方向截流机构（2）逐步截流物料直至完全截流物料，每个截流机构（2）对应设有一出料口（3）。该分流器结构合理、自动分流、多点装袋、装袋效率高。
Description
本发明涉及农产品收获设备技术领域，具体涉及农产品机械化收获时实现果实快速高效收集的分流器及分流方法。
随着科技进步与发展，像大蒜、洋葱、土豆、花生等农产品的生产和加工也逐步向机械化、智能化方向发展，其中用于农产品成熟时收获的机械化收获机已经研发成功并得到较好的推广和应用，例如大蒜收获机、洋葱收获机等机械化收获机已经在我国得到普遍应用。
机械化收获机的工作核心是采用机械化手段将农产品与杆茎分离，并将农产品单独进行收集，以往的收集方式是将农产品通过提升输送装置直接输送到储料仓(机械化收获机上自带)中，等储料仓收集满后用农机车将储料仓的农产品导出来运送到家，然后在家中进行装袋处理。很显然上述收集方式不仅繁琐、费时费力，而且储料仓占用空间、增加载重，为了解决上述不足，现有机械化收获机对农产品收集方式进行了改变，即在输送机构末端直接装袋处理，然后将装袋的农产品直接运送到家，这种在线装袋的收集方式更加省时省力。
虽然在线装袋收集方式有着显著的优点，但在实际使用中也存在突出的问题：单位时间内在线装袋速度严重滞后于农产品收获量，产生该问题的根本原因在于机械化收获机为了提高收获效率一般同时收获多行农产品，这样一来单位时间内农产品收获量非常大，而提升输送装置末端只有一个装袋口，当更换袋时首先切断装袋口，然后对 装满果实的袋进行打结、搬离装袋口，处理完装满果实的袋后还要更换新袋，更换完新袋后需再次打开装袋口进行装袋，上述一系列操作主要依靠2-3人完成，人工操作需要操作时间，而在这段操作时间内农产品收获量非常大，会有大量的农产品堆积在装袋口，不仅会造成农产品溢出装袋口，甚至农产品还会堵在输送机构内，最终导致停机处理。为了能够与装袋速度匹配机械化收获机不得不降低行进速度，减少单位时间内农产品收获量，实现以牺牲收获效率为代价满足在线装袋要求。因此，有必要对现有在线装袋方式进行改进和优化，使其在保证收获效率的前提下，完成在线装袋。
需要说明的是，上述内容属于发明人的技术认知范畴，并不必然构成现有技术。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于解决现有技术所存在的问题，提供分流器及分流方法，具有结构设计合理、自动分流多点装袋、装袋效率高等优点。
本发明通过采取以下技术方案实现上述目的：
分流器，包括：
输送机构，用于接收和输送物料，所述输送机构上方沿物料输送方向间隔设有多个截流机构，沿物料输送方向截流机构逐步截流物料直至完全截流物料，每个所述截流机构对应设有一出料口；
截流机构，用于截流所述输送机构上的物料并将截流物料导向与其对应的出料口。
所述输送机构一端设为接料区，所述出料口设置在所述输送机构 的一侧。
所述输送机构包括机架，所述机架上间隔设有输送主动带轮和输送从动带轮，所述输送主动带轮和输送从动带轮之间连接有用于接收和输送物料的输送带，所述输送主动带轮通过链传动与输送液压马达连接。
所述接料区设置在所述输送带一端，所述机架对应设有所述接料区的一端设有挡板。
所述截流机构水平垂直于所述输送机构设置。
优选的，所述截流机构水平倾斜设置在所述输送机构上，所述截流机构倾斜方向与物料输送方向相反。
所述截流机构包括安装在所述机架上的截流支架，所述截流支架上间隔设有截流主动带轮和截流从动带轮，所述截流主动带轮和截流从动带轮之间设有截流导向带，所述截流导向带将截流物料导向与其对应的出料口，所述截流主动带轮与截流液压马达连接。
所述截流从动带轮与所述截流支架之间设有松紧调节机构，所述松紧调节机构包括与所述截流从动带轮连接的调节座和设置在所述截流支架上的腰型孔和固定座，所述调节座与所述固定座之间设有调节螺杆和调节螺母。
不同所述截流机构上的截流主动带轮与截流从动带轮之间的间距不同。
所述截流导向带竖向垂直于所述输送机构设置。
优选的，所述截流导向带倾斜设置在所述输送机构上，所述截流 导向带向其与物料接触的一侧倾斜设置。
所述截流导向带靠近出料口的一端超出所述输送带边界。
至少有一个所述截流机构的截流支架与所述机架活动链接，所述截流支架一端与所述机架铰接，另一端设有倾斜调节孔A，所述机架上设有与所述倾斜调节孔A配合使用的倾斜调节孔B，所述倾斜调节孔A与倾斜调节孔B之间设有将所述截流支架与所述机架紧固的紧固件。所述输送机构上方沿物料输送方向间隔设有两截流机构，靠近所述接料区的截流机构先截流部分物料，另一截流机构截流剩余全部物料。分流方法，包括以下步骤：
①接收物料并对物料进行输送；
②沿物料输送方向逐步截流物料直至将物料完全截流，每次截流直接将截流物料导出收集。
本发明采用上述结构，能够带来如下有益效果：
(1)通过设计输送机构和与其配合的多个截流机构可以实现在物料的输送过程中对物料进行分流处理，分流后即可实现多个出口进行收集物料，进而显著提高物料的收集效率，本申请的分流器颠覆传统在线装袋设计理念，从根本上解决在线装袋速度慢的问题，从而实现在保证机械化收获机收获效率的前提下完成在线装袋。
(2)通过将截流机构水平倾斜设置在输送机构上，不仅更加有利于截流物料，而且有利于截流导向带及时将物料导向出料口，提高导出效率。
(3)通过将截流导向带倾斜设置，实现截流导向带与物料接触 的一侧底部与输送带的间隙小于另一侧与输送带的间隙，这样设计的优点是杂草、杆茎等杂物一般不会缠绕进截流主动带轮和/或截流从动带轮上。
图1为本发明分流器的立体结构示意图；
图2为本发明分流器的主视结构示意图；
图3为本发明分流器的侧视结构示意图；
图4为本发明分流器的俯视结构示意图；
图5为图4中A部局部放大图；
图中，1、输送机构，101、机架，102、输送主动带轮，103、输送从动带轮，104、输送带，105、输送液压马达，106、链传动，2、截流机构，201、截流支架，202、截流主动带轮，203、截流从动带轮，204、截流导向带，205、截流液压马达，206、倾斜调节孔A，207、倾斜调节孔B，208、紧固件，3、出料口，4、接料区，5、挡板，6、松紧调节机构，601、调节座，602、腰型孔，603、固定座，604、调节螺杆，605、调节螺母。
为了更清楚的阐释本发明的整体构思，下面结合说明书附图以示例的方式进行详细说明。
在下面的描述中阐述了很多具体细节以便于充分理解本发明，但是，本发明还可以采用其他不同于在此描述的其他方式来实施，因此，本发明的保护范围并不受下面公开的具体实施例的限制。
本说明书中的各个实施例均采用递进的方式描述，各个实施例之间相同相似的部分互相参见即可，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处。
此外，术语“一端”、“一侧”、“另一侧”、“A”、“B”等术语仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的位置。
在本发明中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“设有”、“设计”、“设置”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
在本发明中，需要说明的是，本申请中的“物料”是指农作物果实，例如大蒜的蒜头、洋葱的葱头等。
如图1-5所示，分流器，包括：
输送机构1，用于接收和输送物料，所述输送机构1上方沿物料输送方向间隔设有多个截流机构2，沿物料输送方向截流机构2逐步截流物料直至完全截流物料，每个所述截流机构2对应设有一出料口3；
截流机构2，用于截流所述输送机构1上的物料并将截流物料导向与其对应的出料口3。通过设计输送机构1和与其配合的多个截流机构2可以实现在物料的输送过程中对物料进行分流处理，分流后即可实现多个出口进行在线装袋收集物料，进而显著提高物料的在线装袋收集效率，本申请的分流器颠覆传统在线装袋设计理念，从根本上 解决在线装袋速度慢的问题，从而实现在保证机械化收获机收获效率的前提下完成在线装袋。
所述输送机构1一端设为接料区4，所述出料口3设置在所述输送机构1的一侧。机械化收获机将收获的果实落在接料区4上，然后输送机构1将落在接料区4上的果实进行输送，出料口3设置在输送机构1一侧便于装袋操作。
所述输送机构1包括机架101，所述机架101上间隔设有输送主动带轮102和输送从动带轮103，所述输送主动带轮102和输送从动带轮103之间连接有用于接收和输送物料的输送带104，所述输送主动带轮102通过链传动106与输送液压马达105连接，这里的链传动主要包含设置在输送液压马达105上的主动链轮和设置在输送主动带轮103一端的从动链轮，主动链轮与从动链轮通过链条连接。采用带传动的方式接收物料和输送物料具有对物料损伤小的优点。
所述接料区4设置在所述输送带104一端，所述机架101对应设有所述接料区4的一端设有挡板5。通过设置挡板5有效防止物料落下后因输送带104的反弹而落在地上。
所述截流机构2水平垂直于所述输送机构1设置。
优选的，所述截流机构2水平倾斜设置在所述输送机构1上，所述截流机构2倾斜方向与物料输送方向相反。倾斜设计能够有利于截流物料，便于截流导向带及时将物料导向出去。
所述截流机构2包括安装在所述机架101上的截流支架201，所述截流支架201上间隔设有截流主动带轮202和截流从动带轮203，所述 截流主动带轮202和截流从动带轮203之间设有截流导向带204，这里的截流导向带优先为导条输送带，所述截流导向带204将截流物料导向与其对应的出料口3，所述截流主动带轮202与截流液压马达205连接。通过采用带传动的方式对物料进行截流和及时输送具有截流导向效率高、对物料损伤小等优点。
所述截流从动带轮203与所述截流支架201之间设有松紧调节机构6，所述松紧调节机构6包括与所述截流从动带轮203连接的调节座601和设置在所述截流支架201上的腰型孔602和固定座603，所述调节座601与所述固定座603之间设有调节螺杆604和调节螺母605。通过设计松紧调节机构6可以根据截流导向带204的松紧进行适当的调节松紧度，进而达到最佳工作状态。
不同所述截流机构2上的截流主动带轮202与截流从动带轮203之间的间距不同。通过改变截流主动带轮202与截流从动带轮203的间距实现改变截流宽度，进而可以实现逐级或逐步截流的目的。所述截流导向带204竖向垂直于所述输送机构1设置。
优选的，所述截流导向带204倾斜设置在所述输送机构1上，所述截流导向带204向其与物料接触的一侧倾斜设置，这里的倾斜设置可以通过调整截流支架201与机架101的倾斜角度来实现或调整截流主动带轮202和截流从动带轮203与截流支架201之间的倾斜角度来实现。截流导向带204在竖向方向上倾斜设计后可以实现截流导向带204与物料接触的一侧底部与输送带的间隙小于另一侧底部与输送带的间隙，该结构设计可以有效解决物料中的杂草、杆茎等杂物缠 绕在截流主动带轮和/或截流从动带轮上的问题。
所述截流导向带204靠近出料口4的一端超出所述输送带104边界。该结构设计有效解决截流导向带204与出料口4之间存在导向死角的问题。
至少有一个所述截流机构2的截流支架201与所述机架101活动连接，所述截流支架201一端与所述机架101铰接，另一端设有倾斜调节孔A206，所述机架101上设有与所述倾斜调节孔A206配合使用的倾斜调节孔B207，所述倾斜调节孔A206与倾斜调节孔B207之间设有将所述截流支架201与所述机架101紧固的紧固件208。通过将截流机构设计成活动可调节的连接方式，从而可以根据实际分流情况进行微调，通过改变水平倾斜角度实现改变截流宽度。
所述输送机构1上方沿物料输送方向间隔设有两截流机构2，靠近所述接料区5的截流机构2先截流部分物料，另一截流机构3截流剩余全部物料。两个截流机构2基本能够满足现有机械化收获机对在线装袋的需求，当然根据机械化收获机的收获能力可以进行相应的增加截流机构的个数，从而进一步提高在线装袋效率。
分流方法，包括以下步骤：
①接收物料并对物料进行输送；
②沿物料输送方向逐步截流物料直至将物料完全截流，每次截流直接将截流物料导出收集。
本发明分流器的使用过程：
以大蒜收获为例，使用时，机械化收获机将收获后的蒜头落在输 送带104的接料区4上，输送液压马达105通过输送主动带轮102驱动输送带104旋转输送果实，在输送过程中，截流液压马达205通过驱动截流主动带轮202带动截流导向带204旋转将输送带104上的果实进行截流并导向至出料口3，然后在出料口3处进行在线装袋即可。本申请的分流器具有结构设计合理、自动分流多点装袋、装袋效率高等优点。
上述具体实施方式不能作为对本发明保护范围的限制，对于本技术领域的技术人员来说，对本发明实施方式所做出的任何替代改进或变换均落在本发明的保护范围内。
本发明未详述之处，均为本技术领域技术人员的公知技术。
Claims (10)
- 分流器，其特征在于，包括：输送机构，用于接收和输送物料，所述输送机构上方沿物料输送方向间隔设有多个截流机构，沿物料输送方向截流机构逐步截流物料直至完全截流物料，每个所述截流机构对应设有一出料口；截流机构，用于截流所述输送机构上的物料并将截流物料导向与其对应的出料口。
- 根据权利要求1所述的分流器，其特征在于，所述输送机构一端设为接料区，所述出料口设置在所述输送机构的一侧，所述输送机构包括机架，所述机架上间隔设有输送主动带轮和输送从动带轮，所述输送主动带轮和输送从动带轮之间连接有用于接收和输送物料的输送带，所述输送主动带轮通过链传动与输送液压马达连接，所述接料区设置在所述输送带一端，所述机架对应设有所述接料区的一端设有挡板。
- 根据权利要求2所述的分流器，其特征在于，所述截流机构水平垂直于所述输送机构设置；或者，所述截流机构水平倾斜设置在所述输送机构上，所述截流机构倾斜方向与物料输送方向相反。
- 根据权利要求1或3所述的分流器，其特征在于，所述截流机构包括安装在所述机架上的截流支架，所述截流支架上间隔设有截流主动带轮和截流从动带轮，所述截流主动带轮和截流从动带轮之间设有截流导向带，所述截流导向带将截流物料导向与其对应的出料口，所述截流主动带轮与截流液压马达连接，不同所述截流机构上的截流主动带轮与截流从动带轮之间的间距不同。
- 根据权利要求4所述的分流器，其特征在于，所述截流从动带轮 与所述截流支架之间设有松紧调节机构，所述松紧调节机构包括与所述截流从动带轮连接的调节座和设置在所述截流支架上的腰型孔和固定座，所述调节座与所述固定座之间设有调节螺杆和调节螺母。
- 根据权利要求4或5所述的分流器，其特征在于，所述截流导向带竖向垂直于所述输送机构设置；或者，所述截流导向带倾斜设置在所述输送机构上，所述截流导向带向其与物料接触的一侧倾斜设置。
- 根据权利要求6所述的分流器，其特征在于，所述截流导向带靠近出料口的一端超出所述输送带边界。
- 根据权利要求6所述的分流器，其特征在于，至少有一个所述截流机构的截流支架与所述机架活动链接，所述截流支架一端与所述机架铰接，另一端设有倾斜调节孔A，所述机架上设有与所述倾斜调节孔A配合使用的倾斜调节孔B，所述倾斜调节孔A与倾斜调节孔B之间设有将所述截流支架与所述机架紧固的紧固件。
- 根据权利要求1或8所述的分流器，其特征在于，所述输送机构上方沿物料输送方向间隔设有两截流机构，靠近所述接料区的截流机构先截流部分物料，另一截流机构截流剩余全部物料。
- 分流方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：①接收物料并对物料进行输送；②沿物料输送方向逐步截流物料直至将物料完全截流，每次截流直接将截流物料导出收集。
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