WO2022022325A1 - 一种座椅乘员人体重量的气动识别装置及气动识别座椅 - Google Patents

一种座椅乘员人体重量的气动识别装置及气动识别座椅 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022022325A1
WO2022022325A1 PCT/CN2021/107268 CN2021107268W WO2022022325A1 WO 2022022325 A1 WO2022022325 A1 WO 2022022325A1 CN 2021107268 W CN2021107268 W CN 2021107268W WO 2022022325 A1 WO2022022325 A1 WO 2022022325A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
air pressure
pneumatic
control unit
hollow structure
threshold value
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/107268
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张海涛
Original Assignee
廊坊市金色时光科技发展有限公司
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Application filed by 廊坊市金色时光科技发展有限公司 filed Critical 廊坊市金色时光科技发展有限公司
Priority to US17/800,629 priority Critical patent/US11945386B2/en
Publication of WO2022022325A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022022325A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/01—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents
    • B60R21/015—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents including means for detecting the presence or position of passengers, passenger seats or child seats, and the related safety parameters therefor, e.g. speed or timing of airbag inflation in relation to occupant position or seat belt use
    • B60R21/01512—Passenger detection systems
    • B60R21/01516—Passenger detection systems using force or pressure sensing means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/002—Seats provided with an occupancy detection means mounted therein or thereon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/01—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents
    • B60R21/015—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents including means for detecting the presence or position of passengers, passenger seats or child seats, and the related safety parameters therefor, e.g. speed or timing of airbag inflation in relation to occupant position or seat belt use
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/01—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents
    • B60R21/015—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents including means for detecting the presence or position of passengers, passenger seats or child seats, and the related safety parameters therefor, e.g. speed or timing of airbag inflation in relation to occupant position or seat belt use
    • B60R21/01512—Passenger detection systems
    • B60R21/01516—Passenger detection systems using force or pressure sensing means
    • B60R21/01522—Passenger detection systems using force or pressure sensing means using fluid means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/01—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents
    • B60R21/015—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents including means for detecting the presence or position of passengers, passenger seats or child seats, and the related safety parameters therefor, e.g. speed or timing of airbag inflation in relation to occupant position or seat belt use
    • B60R21/01512—Passenger detection systems
    • B60R21/01516—Passenger detection systems using force or pressure sensing means
    • B60R21/01524—Passenger detection systems using force or pressure sensing means using electric switches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/01—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents
    • B60R21/015—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents including means for detecting the presence or position of passengers, passenger seats or child seats, and the related safety parameters therefor, e.g. speed or timing of airbag inflation in relation to occupant position or seat belt use
    • B60R21/01512—Passenger detection systems
    • B60R21/01528—Passenger detection systems mounted on the bag
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R22/00—Safety belts or body harnesses in vehicles
    • B60R22/48—Control systems, alarms, or interlock systems, for the correct application of the belt or harness
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L11/00—Measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by means not provided for in group G01L7/00 or G01L9/00
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R22/00—Safety belts or body harnesses in vehicles
    • B60R22/48—Control systems, alarms, or interlock systems, for the correct application of the belt or harness
    • B60R2022/4808—Sensing means arrangements therefor

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of pneumatic identification, in particular to a pneumatic identification device for seat occupant body weight and a pneumatic identification seat.
  • the present application can effectively detect the human body type of the occupant through the identification system of the occupant's body type and the self-identifying seat, through the cooperation of the pneumatic sensing device and the auxiliary sensing device, so as to provide assistance for the improvement of safety performance and the vehicle safety system.
  • the more precise control of whether the airbag can be opened under the state provides a reliable foundation for the development of vehicle safety.
  • the present application provides a pneumatic identification device and a pneumatic identification seat capable of effectively detecting the body type of a seat occupant.
  • the present application provides a pneumatic identification device for the body weight of a seat occupant, which may include a control unit and a sensing device; the sensing device may include a pneumatic sensing device and an auxiliary sensing device;
  • the pneumatic sensing device may include: at least one soft elastic hollow structure with an intermediate air space structure and a sensing unit; the sensing unit may include a first air pressure sensor; the soft elastic hollow structure may be combined with the The first air pressure sensor is connected, and the first air pressure sensor is configured to detect the first air pressure value Pa in the soft elastic hollow structure;
  • the auxiliary sensing device may include: a pressure-bearing top plate and a dragging bottom plate; the pressure-bearing top plate may be arranged on the upper end surface of the soft elastic hollow structure, and the dragging bottom plate may be arranged on the soft elastic hollow structure lower body surface;
  • the input end of the control unit 1 can be connected to the output end of the first air pressure sensor, and the output end of the control unit can be connected to external communication; the control unit is configured to obtain the first air pressure value Pa , An air pressure value Pa is compared with a standard set value to determine and output the body weight type corresponding to the external communication.
  • the type of the occupant's body can be effectively detected, which can provide assistance for the improvement of safety performance and the vehicle safety system, and provide a reliable foundation for the development of vehicle safety.
  • the standard setting value may include a first threshold value P 1 , a second threshold value P 2 , a third threshold value P 3 , a fourth threshold value P 4 , and a fifth threshold value P 5 ;
  • the control unit When the first air pressure value P a is less than or equal to the first threshold value P 1 , the control unit outputs unmanned passenger information;
  • the control unit When the first air pressure value P a is greater than the first threshold value P 1 and less than the second threshold value P 2 , the control unit outputs occupied seating information;
  • the control unit When the first air pressure value P a is greater than the second threshold value P 2 and less than the third threshold value P 3 , the control unit outputs small-weight passenger information;
  • the control unit When the first air pressure value P a is greater than the third threshold value P 3 and less than the fourth threshold value P 4 , the control unit outputs medium-weight occupant information;
  • the control unit When the first air pressure value Pa is larger than the fourth threshold value P4 and smaller than the fifth threshold value P5 , the control unit outputs large-weight passenger information.
  • the control unit When the first air pressure value Pa is greater than or equal to the fifth threshold value P5 , the control unit outputs heavy-weight passenger information.
  • the control unit (1) when the first air pressure value P a is equal to the second threshold value P 2 , the control unit (1) outputs occupied riding information
  • the control unit (1) When the first air pressure value P a is equal to the third threshold value P 3 , the control unit (1) outputs small-weight passenger information;
  • the control unit (1) When the first air pressure value Pa is equal to the fourth threshold value P4, the control unit (1) outputs medium-weight occupant information.
  • the first threshold P1 can be set to 0.02Mpa
  • the second threshold P2 can be set to 0.025Mpa
  • the third threshold P3 can be set to 0.03Mpa
  • the fourth threshold can be set to 0.03Mpa
  • P 4 is set to 0.035Mpa
  • the fifth threshold P 5 is set to 0.04Mpa, wherein the first threshold P 1 , the second threshold P 2 , the third threshold P 3 , the The set values of the fourth threshold value P4 and the fifth threshold value P5 are relative values with respect to a standard atmospheric pressure.
  • the auxiliary sensing device may further include a pressure-bearing vertical plate, and a restraining assembly may be installed at one end of the pressure-bearing vertical plate, and the restraining assembly abuts on the dragging plate.
  • the bottom of the carrier bottom plate, and the other end of the pressure-bearing vertical plate can be fixedly connected with the bottom of the pressure-bearing top plate.
  • multiple pressure-bearing vertical plates may be provided.
  • At least one first through hole may be provided through the towed bottom plate, and the pressure-bearing vertical plate may pass through the first through hole so that the restraining assembly abuts on the bottom of the towed bottom plate.
  • the pneumatic sensing device may further include at least one one-way check valve, and an air outlet of the one-way check valve may be communicated with the soft elastic hollow structure, and the The air inlet of the one-way check valve may communicate with the outside atmosphere of the soft elastic hollow structure.
  • a valve core and an elastic body may be provided in the one-way check valve.
  • a soft resilient filling body may be installed in the soft elastic hollow structure.
  • the soft resilient filler can be at least one of foamed sponge, three-dimensional spacer fabric, corrugated rubber-plastic spacer, and soft elastic non-woven cushion.
  • the sensing devices there are several sensing devices, and a plurality of the sensing devices share one control unit, and the air path between each sensing device is not connected.
  • the pneumatic sensing device may further include a circuit connector, the circuit connector may be disposed at the bottom of the towing base, and a control unit and a control unit may be connected inside the circuit connector.
  • a second through hole is formed through the bottom of the towing base plate, so that the first air pipe communicates the first air pressure sensor with the soft elastic hollow structure through the second through hole.
  • an auxiliary bearing layer may be arranged between the top of the towing bottom plate and the soft elastic hollow structure, and the auxiliary bearing layer may be arranged to protect and buffer the soft elastic hollow structure to prevent the The pneumatic sensing device is damaged due to excessive force on the soft elastic hollow structure.
  • the auxiliary bearing layer may be at least one of a hard board, a sticky pad, and a sponge layer.
  • the soft elastic hollow structure body can also be connected with a human body detection sensor switch, and the human body detection sensor switch can be a film pressure electronic switch, a capacitive human body detection sensor, a mechanical touch pressure sensor, and an image sensor.
  • the human body detection sensor switch can be connected with the control unit to cooperate with the detection of human body type information.
  • the soft elastic hollow structure body may also be communicated with an overflow valve.
  • the present application provides a pneumatic identification seat, which may include a seat surface and/or a backrest, a spring frame and a sponge pad are installed on the seat surface and/or the backrest, and the pneumatic identification device according to the above structure, so The bottom of the sponge pad is provided with a groove, and the pneumatic identification device is installed in the groove.
  • a positioning device configured to be fixedly connected to the spring frame may be installed on the bottom of the towing base plate, and the positioning device may be fixedly connected to the spring frame.
  • a positioning hook can be selected as the positioning device.
  • the advantages of the present application include, for example, that since the soft-elastic hollow structure is installed between the pressure-bearing top plate and the towed bottom plate, the soft-elastic hollow structure is communicated with a first air pressure sensor and a control unit through an air pipe, Therefore, when the pressure-bearing top plate is subjected to downward pressure, the pressure-bearing top plate presses the soft-elastic hollow structure, and the air pressure value Pa inside the soft-elastic hollow structure is measured by the first air pressure sensor And compare and determine with the standard set value, and then output the body weight type corresponding to the external communication;
  • the standard value can be set as several air pressure value intervals
  • the first pressure value P a can be compared with several air pressure value intervals
  • the corresponding human body type information such as unoccupied, occupied, Small weight occupants, medium weight occupants, heavy weight occupants, etc.
  • the type of the occupant's body can be effectively detected, which can provide assistance for the improvement of safety performance and the vehicle safety system, and provide a reliable foundation for the development of vehicle safety.
  • FIG. 1 is a pneumatic identification device for seat occupant body weight provided by the application
  • Figure 2a is a schematic diagram of the electrical connection of the pneumatic identification device shown in Figure 1;
  • Figure 2b is a schematic diagram of the electrical connection of the pneumatic identification devices of the two sensing devices
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a pressure-bearing vertical plate installed at the bottom of the pressure-bearing top plate;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an installation structure in which a first through hole is opened on a towing base plate;
  • Fig. 5 is the top view structure schematic diagram of spring frame
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of two soft elastic hollow structures connected
  • Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram of the two ends of the towing base plate with the towing fenders installed
  • Figure 8 is an exploded view of the installation of the pressure-bearing top plate, the towed bottom plate and the soft elastic hollow structure
  • Fig. 9 is the use state diagram of the pneumatic identification device
  • Fig. 10 is the use state diagram of the pneumatic identification device
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a pneumatic identification device for seat occupant body weight
  • Control unit 2. External communication; 3. Soft elastic hollow structure; 4. One-way check valve; 5. The first air pressure sensor; 6. The first air pipe; 7. The second air pressure sensor; 8. Soft Rebound filler; 9. Air source; 10. Circuit connector; 11. Connector terminal; 12. Second air pipe; 13. Sponge pad; 14. Spring frame; 15. Pressure-bearing top plate; 16. Towing bottom plate; 17, groove; 18, pressure-bearing vertical plate; 19, first through hole; 20, second through hole; 21, positioning hook; 22, restraint assembly; 23, positioning mounting hole; 24, dragging fender ; 25, positioning pin; 26, steel wire tie; 27, auxiliary bearing layer; 28, circuit board; 29, shell; 30, cavity; 31, piston; 32, piston rod; 33, elastomer
  • a fixed connection can also be a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or the internal communication between two components.
  • a fixed connection can also be a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or the internal communication between two components.
  • FIG. 1 a schematic structural diagram of a pneumatic identification device for seat occupant body weight according to the present application, which may include a control unit 1 and a sensing device; the sensing device includes a pneumatic sensing device and an auxiliary sensing device;
  • the pneumatic sensing device may include: at least one soft elastic hollow structure 3 with an intermediate air space structure and a sensing unit; the sensing unit may include a first air pressure sensor 5 ; the soft elastic hollow structure 3 may be combined with the first air pressure sensor 5
  • the first air pressure sensor 5 is configured to detect the first air pressure value Pa in the soft elastic hollow structure 3; specifically, the soft elastic hollow structure 3 can communicate with the first air pressure sensor 5 through the first air pipe 6.
  • the auxiliary sensing device can include: a pressure-bearing top plate 15 and a dragging bottom plate 16; the pressure-bearing top plate 15 can be arranged on the upper end face of the soft elastic hollow structure 3, and the dragging bottom plate 16 can be arranged on the lower end face of the soft elastic hollow structure 3;
  • the input end of the control unit 1 can be connected to the output end of the first air pressure sensor 5, and the output end of the control unit 1 is connected to the external communication 2; the control unit 1 is configured to obtain the first air pressure value Pa , and set the first air pressure value Pa with the standard setting The value is compared and judged, and the body weight type is output corresponding to the external communication 2.
  • the material of the pressure-bearing top plate 15 may be a rigid (plastic or metal), flexible or relatively foamed and dense felt material.
  • the standard value can be set as several air pressure value intervals, and these several air pressure value intervals correspond to the body type information of different weight intervals respectively, and the first air pressure value Pa is compared with these several air pressure value intervals, And output the corresponding body type information, such as unmanned, small-weight occupants, medium-weight occupants, heavy-weight occupants, etc.
  • the soft elastic hollow structure 3 can be installed between the pressure-bearing top plate 15 and the towing bottom plate 16 by means of standard parts, or the soft-elastic hollow structure 3 can be clamped on the pressure-bearing top plate 15 as shown in FIG. 8 . and between the towing base plate 16 .
  • the soft elastic hollow structure 3 can also be connected with a human body detection sensor switch, and the human body detection sensor switch can be any one of a film pressure electronic switch, a capacitive human body detection sensor, a mechanical shock pressure sensor, and an image sensor.
  • the human body detection sensor switch is connected with the control unit 1 to cooperate with the detection of human body type information.
  • the soft elastic hollow structure body 3 can also be connected with a relief valve, and the relief valve can be installed in the soft elastic hollow structure body 3 or in the communication channel with the soft elastic hollow structure body 3; when in use, it can be set according to the actual environment Safety value, when the pressure value in the soft elastic hollow structure body 3 exceeds the safety value, the safety valve in the overflow valve is pushed open, and part of the gas is discharged to the outside environment, so that the system pressure does not exceed the safety value, thereby preventing the device from being over-pressured. high and an accident occurs.
  • the standard value is set to several air pressure value intervals, the first pressure value Pa is compared and determined with these several air pressure value intervals, and the corresponding human body type information is output, such as unoccupied, occupied, small-weight occupants, Medium weight occupants, heavy weight occupants, etc.
  • the type of the occupant's body can be effectively detected, which can provide assistance for the improvement of safety performance and the vehicle safety system, and provide a reliable foundation for the development of vehicle safety.
  • the standard setting value includes a first threshold value P 1 , a second threshold value P 2 , a third threshold value P 3 , a fourth threshold value P 4 and a fifth threshold value P 5 ;
  • the control unit 1 When the first air pressure value P a is less than or equal to the first threshold value P 1 , the control unit 1 outputs the unmanned passenger information;
  • the control unit 1 When the first air pressure value P a is greater than the first threshold value P 1 and less than the second threshold value P 2 , the control unit 1 outputs the occupied seat information;
  • the control unit 1 When the first air pressure value P a is greater than the second threshold value P 2 and less than the third threshold value P 3 , the control unit 1 outputs the small-weight passenger information;
  • the control unit 1 When the first air pressure value P a is greater than the third threshold value P 3 and less than the fourth threshold value P 4 , the control unit 1 outputs the information of the medium-weight passenger;
  • the control unit 1 When the first air pressure value P a is larger than the fourth threshold value P 4 and smaller than the fifth threshold value P 5 , the control unit 1 outputs large-weight occupant information.
  • the control unit 1 When the first air pressure value P a is greater than or equal to the fifth threshold value P 5 , the control unit 1 outputs heavy-weight passenger information.
  • the control unit (1) outputs the occupied seat information
  • the control unit (1) When the first air pressure value P a is equal to the third threshold value P 3 , the control unit (1) outputs the small-weight passenger information;
  • the control unit (1) When the first air pressure value P a is equal to the fourth threshold value P 4 , the control unit (1) outputs medium-weight occupant information.
  • the first threshold value P 1 can be set to 0.02Mpa
  • the second threshold value P 2 can be set to 0.025Mpa
  • the third threshold value P 3 can be set to 0.03Mpa
  • the fourth threshold value can be set to 0.03Mpa
  • P 4 is set to 0.035Mpa
  • the fifth threshold P 5 is set to 0.04Mpa, wherein the first threshold P 1 , the second threshold P 2 , the third threshold P 3 , the fourth threshold P 4 and the fifth threshold P 5
  • the set value of is a relative value relative to a standard atmospheric pressure, that is, 0.1Mpa;
  • the first air pressure sensor 5 detects the first air pressure value Pa in the soft elastic hollow structure 3, for example, the detected air pressure value Pa is 0.041Mpa , the first air pressure sensor 5 outputs the air pressure value Pa to the control unit 1 , the control unit 1 compares the air pressure value Pa with the standard value and determines that 0.041Mpa is greater than the fifth threshold P 5 , then the control unit 1 outputs the heavy weight member information to the external communication 2 .
  • the control unit 1 can not only determine the above-mentioned human body type information, but also can determine which areas are occupied according to the pressure value Pa of the first air pressure sensor 5 in different areas, for example, not only can identify The seats have occupants of different weights, and it is also possible to identify the main seat area and the left side flank support area or the right side flank support area that occupies the seat.
  • the sensing unit may further include a second air pressure sensor 7, and the second air pressure sensor 7 is configured to detect the second air pressure value P b of the outside world; the second air pressure
  • the external second air pressure value P b is detected by the second air pressure sensor 7 , and the air pressure difference value P c is calculated by the control unit 1 , that is, the difference between the second air pressure value P b and the standard atmospheric pressure value P 0 , and then the standard setting is adjusted. value, that is, the standard setting value is reduced by P c to correct the standard setting value.
  • the control unit corrects the standard setting value to the standard setting value at this time.
  • the auxiliary sensing device further includes a pressure-bearing vertical plate 18 , one end of the pressure-bearing vertical plate 18 is mounted with a restraint assembly 22 , and the restraint assembly 22 abuts on the towing base plate 16 The other end of the pressure-bearing vertical plate 18 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the pressure-bearing top plate 15 .
  • the pressure-bearing vertical plate 18 When the pressure-bearing top plate 15 is subjected to a downward force, since the pressure-bearing vertical plate 18 is installed at the bottom of the pressure-bearing top plate 15, the pressure-bearing vertical plate 18 follows the pressure-bearing top plate 15 to move downward, and is in contact with the side surface of the towing bottom plate 16. sliding contact. The pressure-bearing vertical plate 18 is kept to move vertically downward, so as to prevent horizontal offset or longitudinal inclination, which affects the accuracy of measurement.
  • multiple pressure-bearing vertical plates 18 can be provided to enhance the positioning effect, which is beneficial to protect the soft elastic hollow structure 3 from being damaged;
  • the top plate 15 is assembled with the soft elastic hollow structure 3 as a whole, which is convenient for installation.
  • the towing bottom plate 16 is provided with at least one first through hole 19 therethrough, and the restraining assembly 22 of the pressure-bearing vertical plate 18 passes through the first through hole 19 , so that the restraining assembly 22 abuts on the bottom of the towing base plate 16 and is clamped to prevent the pressure-bearing vertical plate 18 from falling off from the towing base plate 16 .
  • Positioning protection can prevent it from generating horizontal deviation or vertical tilt, so that the positioning effect is better without affecting the measurement accuracy.
  • an auxiliary bearing layer 27 can also be installed on the top of the towing base plate 16, and the auxiliary bearing layer can be at least one of a hard board, a sticky pad, and a sponge layer. If the force is too large, the pressure-bearing top plate 15 is pressed down to the upper surface of the towing bottom plate 16 , causing damage to the device, which plays a certain buffering role.
  • the pneumatic sensing device further includes at least one one-way check valve 4 , and the air outlet of the one-way check valve 4 is connected to the soft elastic hollow structure 3
  • the air inlet of the one-way check valve 4 communicates with the outside air of the soft elastic hollow structure 3 .
  • the external atmosphere of the soft elastic hollow structure 3 is the cabin atmospheric pressure.
  • the soft elastic hollow structure 3 is connected with a one-way check valve 4.
  • the soft elastic hollow structure 3 When the soft elastic hollow structure 3 is stressed for a long time, it may cause a small leakage of the air circuit in the soft elastic hollow structure 3, which may cause the soft
  • the internal negative pressure of the elastic hollow structure 3 is deficient (air loss); it may also cause the internal soft elastic filling body 3 or its inner soft rebound filling body 8 to be different from the initial state due to fatigue after long-term use.
  • the air pressure is lower than the external atmospheric pressure; the soft elastic hollow structure 3 is slightly collapsed and deformed. Due to the pressure difference, the elastic reset of the soft elastic hollow structure 3 is affected, so that the shape of the hollow structure 3 cannot be restored to its original shape.
  • the air From the open one-way check valve 4, under the influence of the internal and external pressure difference the air can be filled into the interior of the soft elastic hollow structure 3 by the external atmospheric pressure, so that the internal and external air pressure is balanced and filled.
  • the one-way check valve 4 and the first air pressure sensor 5 can be arranged in any link of the gas path in the sensing module, can be arranged at the soft elastic hollow structure 3, and can also be integrated in the shell of the control unit 1.
  • the body 29 as shown in FIG.
  • the end of the first air pipe 6 on the side connecting the one-way valve 4 and the first air pressure sensor 5, the first air pressure sensor 5 and the one-way check valve 4 can be sealed and installed in the control unit 1
  • the first air pressure sensor 5 and the one-way check valve 4 can be arranged on the circuit board 28 of the control unit 1, and the end of the first air pipe 6 on the side connecting the one-way valve 4 and the first air pressure sensor 5 can be There are two openings, one opening can be connected with the air path of the first air pressure sensor 5, and the other opening can be connected with the air outlet of the one-way check valve 4, and the air inlet of the one-way check valve 4 is exposed in the control. Outside the housing 29 of the unit 1 and in communication with the air of the vehicle cabin.
  • the one-way check valve 4 may be provided with a valve core and an elastic body (such as a spring).
  • an elastic body such as a spring.
  • the air pressure in the cabin is greater than the air pressure in the soft elastic hollow structure 3, the pressure difference overcomes the elastic body through the valve core.
  • the elastic force moves to open the air inlet of the one-way check valve 4, and the air in the cabin enters the soft elastic hollow structure 3 through the one-way check valve 4; when the air pressure in the cabin is less than the air pressure value of the soft elastic hollow structure 3
  • the valve core is under the action of the pressure of the elastic body and the pressure difference between the soft elastic hollow structure 3 and the cabin, the air inlet of the one-way check valve 4 is kept closed, and the air of the soft elastic hollow structure 3 will not pass through the single To the check valve 4 to flow to the cabin.
  • a soft elastic filling body 8 may be installed in the soft elastic hollow structure.
  • the soft resilient filler 8 may be at least one of foamed sponge, three-dimensional spacer fabric, corrugated rubber-plastic spacer, and soft elastic non-woven cushion.
  • the soft elastic hollow structure body 3 can be easily rebounded and automatically reset, preventing the soft elastic hollow structure body 3 from being deformed, which is conducive to its continuous compression or rebounding for a long time. bombing process.
  • a plurality of sensing devices share a control unit 1, and the air path between each sensing device is not communicated.
  • the second air pressure sensor 7 can be shared.
  • the pneumatic sensing device may further include a circuit connector 10 , and the circuit connector 10 may be arranged at the bottom of the trailer base 16 , and the circuit connector 10 passes through the inside of the circuit connector 10 .
  • the connector terminal 11 is connected to the control unit 1 and the sensing unit.
  • a second through hole 20 is formed through the bottom of the towing base plate 16 , so that the first air pipe 6 connects the first air pressure sensor 5 and the soft elastic hollow structure through the second through hole 20 . 3 is connected, the circuit connector 10 communicates with the external communication 2 through the connector terminal 11 .
  • the pneumatic sensor device and the auxiliary sensor device can be installed as a whole, which is convenient for the manufacturing, use and installation process, and facilitates the standardization of the device.
  • the present application also provides a pneumatic identification seat, as shown in FIG. 4 , which may include a seat surface and/or a backrest, and a spring frame 14 and a sponge pad 13 are installed on the seat surface and/or the backrest, and may also include the above-mentioned structure.
  • a groove 17 is formed at the bottom of the sponge pad 13 , and the pneumatic identification device is installed in the groove 17 .
  • the pressure-bearing top plate 15 , the dragging bottom plate 16 , the pressure-bearing vertical plate 18 and the soft elastic hollow structure 3 can be pre-assembled into one body, and then the pressure-bearing top plate 15 is installed in the groove 17 and the dragging bottom plate 16 At the same time, the pressure-bearing top plate 15 can also be installed in the groove 17 in advance, and then the soft elastic hollow structure 3 with the towing bottom plate 16 is installed on the bottom of the pressure-bearing top plate 15 .
  • towing base plates 16 can also be installed on the bottom of the soft elastic hollow structure 3 , and the towing base plates 16 can be connected to each other through the wire ties 26 on the spring frame 14 .
  • the spring frame 14 is fixedly connected.
  • the type of the occupant's body can be effectively detected, which can provide assistance for the improvement of safety performance and the vehicle safety system, and provide a reliable foundation for the development of vehicle safety.
  • the above-mentioned positioning device can use hooks, buckles, etc.; preferably, positioning hooks 21 can be selected for the positioning device;
  • the towing base plate 16 and the spring frame 14 are snap-connected by the positioning hooks 21, which facilitates disassembly and replacement, and helps to improve the installation or disassembly efficiency.
  • the positioning hooks 21 can be fixedly connected to the towing base plate 16 by welding, and at the same time , the positioning hook 21 and the towing base plate 16 can also be an integral structure.
  • the soft elastic hollow structure 3 can also be connected with an air source device, and the air source device includes: an air source 9;
  • the small leakage of the air circuit inside the hollow structural body 3 may cause the negative pressure inside the soft elastic hollow structural body 3 to be deficient.
  • the hollow structure 3 is inflated or deflated, and the air source 9 can be an air pump device.
  • control unit is further configured to: when the acquired first air pressure value Pa is lower than the first threshold value P 1 , the control unit controls the air source device to deflate, so that the internal and external pressures of the soft elastic hollow structure 3 are balanced.
  • control unit can also be configured to: when the acquired first air pressure value P a is higher than the second threshold value P 2 , control the air source device to inflate the soft elastic hollow structure 3 until the first air pressure value P a reaches The sixth threshold value P 6 is obtained, and the inflation time is obtained at the same time, and then the occupant body type is output. It can be known that the shorter the inflation time, the heavier the occupant's weight, and the longer the inflation time, the lighter the occupant 's weight ; And compare the inflation time with the time threshold to determine and output the corresponding body weight type.
  • the towing base plate 16 may also be fixedly connected to the steel wire ties 26 on the spring frame 14 through the towing fenders 24 installed on both ends of the towed base plate 16 and provided with positioning and mounting holes 23 .
  • the installation method can be achieved by inserting the positioning pins 25 through the positioning and installation holes 23 and fixedly connected with the steel wire ties 26 .
  • the soft elastic hollow structure 3 can be realized by a cavity 30 with a fixed volume, and there is a piston 31 in the cavity 30 , and the piston 31 can divide the cavity 30 into upper and lower parts, wherein The air in the upper part of the cavity is not connected with the air in the lower part of the cavity; the piston rod 32 is arranged on the top of the piston 30, the piston rod 32 extends out of the piston 30 through the upper part of the cavity of the piston 30, and the piston rod 32 can extend out of the cavity.
  • the cavity 30 can be provided with an elastic body 33 in the cavity below the piston 31, one end of the elastic body 33 is in contact with the lower end surface of the piston 31, and the other end is in contact with the bottom of the cavity 30 ;
  • the cavity 30 below the piston 31 is connected with the one-way check valve 4 and the first air pressure sensor 5 .
  • the human body When a person rides, the human body is loaded on the seat sponge pad 13, and the sponge pad 13 is forced to sink to drive the pressure-bearing top plate 15 to move down, and then the piston rod 32 drives the piston 31 to overcome the force of the elastic body 33 to move down; under the piston 31
  • the volume of the cavity 30 becomes smaller and the air pressure value increases, and the first air pressure sensor 5 connected to it feeds back the detected air pressure value Pa to the control unit 1, and the control unit 1 compares and determines the standard setting value of the Pa value.
  • the external communication 2 correspondingly output the body weight type.
  • the air pressure at the lower part of the piston 31 in the body 30 is greater than the air pressure at the upper part, and the piston 31 moves upward to balance the forces at both ends. At this time, the air pressure value detected by the first air pressure sensor 5 returns to the initial state, and the control unit 1 determines that no one is riding.
  • the function of the one-way check valve 4 is the same as that described above, and the description is not repeated here.
  • the application provides a pneumatic identification device for seat occupant body weight and a pneumatic identification seat, which can effectively detect the body type of the occupant, provide assistance for the improvement of safety performance and vehicle safety system, and provide a reliable basis for the development of vehicle safety.
  • the pneumatic identification device for seat occupant body weight and the pneumatic identification seat provided by the present application can be used in industrial applications and can be reproduced.

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Abstract

一种座椅乘员人体重量的气动识别装置，包括控制单元（1）以及传感装置；传感装置包括气动传感装置以及辅助传感装置；气动传感装置包括至少一个软弹性中空结构体（3）以及传感单元；软弹性中空结构体（3）与第一气压传感器（5）连通，第一气压传感器（5）配置成检测软弹性中空结构体（3）内的第一气压值P a；控制单元（1）配置成将第一气压值P a与标准设定值比较并对应输出人体重量类型；辅助传感装置包括分别安装在软弹性（3）中空结构体两端面上的承压顶板（15）及拖载底板（16）。该气动识别装置一方面可检测是否有人乘坐，另一方面也可有效检测乘员人体类型，为安全性能的提高以及车辆安全系统提供辅助，为车辆安全的发展提供可靠基础。还提供了一种具备该气动识别装置的气动识别座椅。

Description

一种座椅乘员人体重量的气动识别装置及气动识别座椅
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2020年07月29日提交中国专利局的申请号为2020107461470、名称为“一种座椅乘员人体重量的气动识别装置及气动识别座椅”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及气动识别技术领域，具体涉及一种座椅乘员人体重量的气动识别装置及气动识别座椅。
背景技术
近年来，随着对乘车安全意识的提高，越来越多的安全系统不断开发。例如，通过在座椅上安装传感器，用以检测该座椅是否被占用，以此用来开启或禁用安全气囊，还可以通过安装声控装置当座椅占用状态下提示系好安全带，使得出行安全进一步提高；
然而，现有技术中大多只能检测座椅是否占用，开启或禁用安全气囊，由于其不能准确检测出乘员人体类型，而不能精准的控制安全气囊是否开启，因此在很多测试过程中，安全气囊不能令人满意的根据不同乘员人体类型进行有效方向或有效范围的弹出或开启。
因此，本申请通过乘员人体类型的识别系统以及自识别座椅，通过气动传感装置以及辅助传感装置的配合可有效检测乘员人体类型，为安全性能的提高以及车辆安全系统提供辅助，在事故状态下更精准的控制是否可以开启安全气囊，为车辆安全的发展提供可靠基础。
发明内容
本申请提供可有效检测乘员人体类型的一种座椅乘员人体重量的气动识别装置及气动识别座椅。
本申请提供一种座椅乘员人体重量的气动识别装置，其可以包括控制单元以及传感装置；所述传感装置可以包括气动传感装置以及辅助传感装置；
所述气动传感装置可以包括：至少一个具有中间空气间隔结构的软弹性中空结构体以及传感单元；所述传感单元可以包括第一气压传感器；所述软弹性中空结构体可以与所述第一气压传感器连通，所述第一气压传感器配置成检测所述软弹性中空结构体内的第一气压值P a；
所述辅助传感装置可以包括：承压顶板及拖载底板；所述承压顶板可以设置在所述软弹性中空结构体的上端面，所述拖载底板可以设置在所述软弹性中空结构体下端面；
所述控制单元1输入端可以与所述第一气压传感器输出端连接，所述控制单元输出端 可以连接外部通讯；所述控制单元配置成获取所述第一气压值P a，将所述第一气压值P a与标准设定值比较判定并向所述外部通讯对应输出人体重量类型。
通过上述结构的相互配合，可有效检测乘员人体类型，为安全性能的提高以及车辆安全系统提供辅助，为车辆安全的发展提供可靠基础。
根据本申请实施例提供的技术方案，所述标准设定值可以包括第一阈值P 1、第二阈值P 2、第三阈值P 3、第四阈值P 4以及第五阈值P 5；
当所述第一气压值P a小于等于所述第一阈值P 1时，所述控制单元输出无人乘坐信息；
当所述第一气压值P a大于所述第一阈值P 1且小于所述第二阈值P 2时，所述控制单元输出占用乘坐信息；
当所述第一气压值P a大于所述第二阈值P 2且小于所述第三阈值P 3时，所述控制单元输出小型体重乘员信息；
当所述第一气压值P a大于所述第三阈值P 3且小于所述第四阈值P 4时，所述控制单元输出中型体重乘员信息；
当所述第一气压值P a大于所述第四阈值P 4且小于所述第五阈值P 5时，所述控制单元输出大型体重乘员信息。
当所述第一气压值P a大于等于所述第五阈值P 5时，所述控制单元输出重型体重乘员信息。
可选地，当所述第一气压值P a等于所述第二阈值P 2时，所述控制单元(1)输出占用乘坐信息；
当所述第一气压值P a等于所述第三阈值P 3时，所述控制单元(1)输出小型体重乘员信息；
当所述第一气压值P a等于所述第四阈值P 4时，所述控制单元(1)输出中型体重乘员信息。
可选地，可以将所述第一阈值P 1设定为0.02Mpa、所述第二阈值P 2设定为0.025Mpa、所述第三阈值P 3设定为0.03Mpa、所述第四阈值P 4设定为0.035Mpa、所述第五阈值P 5设定为0.04Mpa，其中，所述第一阈值P 1、所述第二阈值P 2、所述第三阈值P 3、所述第四阈值P 4和所述第五阈值P 5的设定值为相对于一个标准大气压的相对值。
根据本申请实施例提供的技术方案，所述传感单元还可以包括第二气压传感器，所述第二气压传感器配置成检测外界的第二气压值P b；所述第二气压传感器的输出端可以与所述控制单元的输入端连接，所述控制单元还配置成：计算P c＝P 0-P b，P 0为标准大气压；将所述标准设定值均降低P c。
上述技术方案使其在不同的环境中检测出的数据更精确。
根据本申请实施例提供的技术方案，所述辅助传感装置还可以包括承压立板，所述承压立板的一端可以安装有约束装配体，所述约束装配体抵接在所述拖载底板底部，所述承压立板的另一端可以与所述承压顶板底部固定连接。
可选地，承压立板可以设置多个。
可选地，拖载底板贯穿可以设有至少一个第一通孔，所述承压立板可以通过所述第一通孔使得所述约束装配体抵接在所述拖载底板底部。
根据本申请实施例提供的技术方案，所述气动传感装置还可以包括至少一个单向逆止阀，所述单向逆止阀的出气口可以与所述软弹性中空结构体连通，所述单向逆止阀的进气口可以与所述软弹性中空结构体外部大气连通。
可选地，单向逆止阀内可以设置有阀芯以及弹性体。
根据本申请实施例提供的技术方案，所述软弹性中空结构体内可以安装有软性回弹填充体。
可选地，软性回弹填充体可以为发泡海绵体、三维间隔织物、波曲状橡塑间隔物、软弹性非织物垫层中的至少一种。
根据本申请实施例提供的技术方案，所述传感装置具有若干个，若干个所述传感装置共用一个所述控制单元，每个所述传感装置之间气路不连通。
根据本申请实施例提供的技术方案，所述气动传感装置还可以包括电路连接器，所述电路连接器可以设置在所述拖载底板底部，所述电路连接器内部可以连接有控制单元以及传感单元，所述拖载底板底部贯穿设有第二通孔，使得所述第一气管通过所述第二通孔将所述第一气压传感器与所述软弹性中空结构体连通。
可选地，在所述拖载底板顶部与所述软弹性中空结构体之间可以设置有辅助承载层，所述辅助承载层可以设置成保护和缓冲所述软弹性中空结构体，以防止所述软弹性中空结构体由于受力过大而造成所述气动传感装置损坏。
可选地，所述辅助承载层可以为硬板、粘垫、海绵层中的至少一者。
可选地，所述软弹性中空结构体还可以连通有人体探测传感开关，所述人体探测传感开关可以为薄膜式压力电子开关、电容式人体探测传感器、机械式触电压力传感器、影像传感器中的任一种，同时可以将所述人体探测传感开关与所述控制单元连接，配合检测人体类型信息。
可选地，所述软弹性中空结构体还可以连通有溢流阀。
本申请提供一种气动识别座椅，其可以包括椅面和/或靠背，所述椅面和/或靠背安装上有簧架以及海绵垫，还包括如上述结构所述的气动识别装置，所述海绵垫底部开设有凹槽，所述气动识别装置安装在所述凹槽内。
根据本申请实施例提供的技术方案，所述拖载底板底部可以安装有配置成与所述簧架固定连接的定位装置，所述定位装置可以与所述簧架固定连接。
可选地，定位装置可以选用定位挂钩。
本申请的优点例如包括：由于所述软弹性中空结构体安装在所述承压顶板与所述拖载底板之间，所述软弹性中空结构体通过气管连通有第一气压传感器以及控制单元，因此当所述承压顶板受到向下压力时，使得所述承压顶板挤压所述软弹性中空结构体，通过所述第一气压传感器测量所述软弹性中空结构体内部的气压值P a并与标准设定值进行比较判定，进而向所述外部通讯对应输出人体重量类型；
可以知道的是，当乘员体重越重时，所述软弹性中空结构体内的第一气压值P a越大；当乘员体重越轻时，所述软弹性中空结构体内的第一气压值P a越小；
因此可将所述标准值设定为若干个气压值区间，将所述第一压强值P a与若干个气压值区间进行比较判定，输出对应的人体类型信息，例如无人乘坐、有人占用、小型体重乘员、中型体重乘员、重型体重乘员等。
通过上述结构的相互配合，可有效检测乘员人体类型，为安全性能的提高以及车辆安全系统提供辅助，为车辆安全的发展提供可靠基础。
附图说明
通过阅读参照以下附图所作的对非限制性实施例所作的详细描述，本申请的其它特征、目的和优点将会变得更明显：
图1为本申请提供的一种座椅乘员人体重量的气动识别装置；
图2a为图1所示气动识别装置的电气连接示意图；
图2b为2个传感装置的气动识别装置的电气连接示意图；
图3为承压顶板底部安装有承压立板的结构示意图；
图4为拖载底板开设有第一通孔的安装结构示意图；
图5为簧架的俯视结构示意图；
图6为两个软弹性中空结构体连通的结构示意图；
图7为拖载底板两端安装有拖载翼子板的结构示意图；
图8为承压顶板、拖载底板以及软弹性中空结构体安装爆炸图；
图9为气动识别装置的使用状态图；
图10为气动识别装置的使用状态图；
图11为一种座椅乘员人体重量的气动识别装置结构示意图；
图中标号：
1、控制单元；2、外部通讯；3、软弹性中空结构体；4、单向逆止阀；5、第一气压传 感器；6、第一气管；7、第二气压传感器；8、软性回弹填充体；9、气源；10、电路连接器；11、连接器端子；12、第二气管；13、海绵垫；14、簧架；15、承压顶板；16、拖载底板；17、凹槽；18、承压立板；19、第一通孔；20、第二通孔；21、定位挂钩；22、约束装配体；23、定位安装孔；24、拖载翼子板；25、定位销钉；26、钢丝拉筋；27、辅助承载层；28、电路板；29、壳体；30、腔体；31、活塞；32、活塞杆；33、弹性体
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本申请作进一步的详细说明。可以理解的是，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用于解释相关发明，而非对该发明的限定。另外还需要说明的是，为了便于描述，附图中仅示出了与发明相关的部分。
应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步定义和解释。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，若出现术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，或者是该发明产品使用时惯常摆放的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本公开和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本公开的限制。
此外，若出现术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”等仅用于区分描述，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
在本申请的描述中，还需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，若出现术语“设置”、“安装”、“相连”、“连接”等应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本公开中的具体含义。
需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。下面将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本申请。
请参考图1为本申请一种座椅乘员人体重量的气动识别装置结构示意图，其可以包括控制单元1以及传感装置；传感装置包括气动传感装置以及辅助传感装置；
气动传感装置可以包括：至少一个具有中间空气间隔结构的软弹性中空结构体3以及传感单元；传感单元可以包括第一气压传感器5；软弹性中空结构体3可以与第一气压传感器5连通，第一气压传感器5配置成检测软弹性中空结构体3内的第一气压值P a；具体的，软弹性中空结构体3可通过第一气管6与第一气压传感器5连通。
辅助传感装置可以包括：承压顶板15及拖载底板16；承压顶板15可以设置在软弹性 中空结构体3的上端面，拖载底板16可以设置在软弹性中空结构体3下端面；
控制单元1输入端可以与第一气压传感器5输出端连接，控制单元1输出端连接外部通讯2；控制单元1配置成获取第一气压值P a，将第一气压值P a与标准设定值比较判定并向外部通讯2对应输出人体重量类型。
具体的，承压顶板15材质可以为硬式(塑料或者金属的)、挠性或相对发泡制致密的毡垫材质。
具体的，可将标准值设定为若干个气压值区间，这若干个气压值区间分别对应于不同体重区间的人体类型信息，将第一气压值P a与这若干个气压值区间进行比较，并输出对应的人体类型信息，例如无人乘坐、小型体重乘员、中型体重乘员、重型体重乘员等。
具体的，软弹性中空结构体3可通过标准件装配的方式安装在承压顶板15与拖载底板16之间，或如图8所示将软弹性中空结构体3卡接在承压顶板15及拖载底板16之间。
具体的，软弹性中空结构体3还可以连通有人体探测传感开关，人体探测传感开关可以为薄膜式压力电子开关、电容式人体探测传感器、机械式触电压力传感器、影像传感器中的任一种，同时将人体探测传感开关与控制单元1连接，配合检测人体类型信息。
具体的，软弹性中空结构体3还可以连通有溢流阀，溢流阀可安装在软弹性中空结构体3或与软弹性中空结构体3连通通道中；使用时，可根据实际环境设定安全值，当软弹性中空结构体3内的压力值超过安全值时，溢流阀中的安全阀顶开，将部分气体排出外界环境，使系统压力不超过安全值，从而防止装置因压力过高而发生事故。
工作原理：当承压顶板15受到向下压力时，使得承压顶板15挤压软弹性中空结构体3，在拖载底板16拖载支撑的作用下，软弹性中空结构体3内部气压值发生变化，通过第一气压传感器5测量软弹性中空结构体3内部的气压值为第一气压值P a并输出至控制单元，控制单元将第一气压值P a与标准设定值进行比较判定，进而向外部通讯2对应输出人体重量类型；
可以知道的是，当乘员体重越重时，软弹性中空结构3体内的第一气压值P a越大；当乘员体重越轻时，软弹性中空结构体内的第一气压值P a越小；
因此将标准值设定为若干个气压值区间，将第一压强值P a与这若干个气压值区间进行比较判定，输出对应的人体类型信息，例如无人乘坐、有人占用、小型体重乘员、中型体重乘员、重型体重乘员等。
通过上述结构的相互配合，可有效检测乘员人体类型，为安全性能的提高以及车辆安全系统提供辅助，为车辆安全的发展提供可靠基础。
其中，在控制单元1的优选实施方式中，标准设定值包括第一阈值P 1、第二阈值P 2、第三阈值P 3、第四阈值P 4以及第五阈值P 5；
当第一气压值P a小于等于第一阈值P 1时，则控制单元1输出无人乘坐信息；
当第一气压值P a大于第一阈值P 1且小于第二阈值P 2时，则控制单元1输出占用乘坐信息；
当第一气压值P a大于第二阈值P 2且小于第三阈值P 3时，则控制单元1输出小型体重乘员信息；
当第一气压值P a大于第三阈值P 3且小于第四阈值P 4时，则控制单元1输出中型体重乘员信息；
当第一气压值P a大于第四阈值P 4且小于第五阈值P 5时，则控制单元1输出大型体重乘员信息。
当第一气压值P a大于等于第五阈值P 5时，则控制单元1输出重型体重乘员信息。
可选地，当第一气压值P a等于第二阈值P 2时，控制单元(1)输出占用乘坐信息；
当第一气压值P a等于第三阈值P 3时，控制单元(1)输出小型体重乘员信息；
当第一气压值P a等于第四阈值P 4时，控制单元(1)输出中型体重乘员信息。
为了进一步说明本实施例工作原理，优选的，可将第一阈值P 1设定为0.02Mpa、第二阈值P 2设定为0.025Mpa、第三阈值P 3设定为0.03Mpa、第四阈值P 4设定为0.035Mpa、第五阈值P 5设定为0.04Mpa，其中，第一阈值P 1、第二阈值P 2、第三阈值P 3、第四阈值P 4和第五阈值P 5的设定值为相对于一个标准大气压、即0.1Mpa的相对值；
当第一气压传感器5检测软弹性中空结构体3内的第一气压值P a，例如为检测到的气压值P a为0.041Mpa，第一气压传感器5将气压值P a输出至控制单元1，控制单元1将气压值P a与标准值进行比较判定，即0.041Mpa大于第五阈值P 5，则控制单元1向外部通讯2输出重型体重成员信息。
其中，当传感装置为1个以上时，传感装置分别放置在座椅的不同区域，例如主座区和两侧的侧翼支撑区域，每个传感装置的第一气压传感器5都会探测该传感装置的P a值，控制单元1不仅仅可以判断出上述的人体类型信息，还可以根据不同区域的第一气压传感器5的压力值P a判断具体哪些区域被占用，例如不仅仅识别出座椅有不同体重乘员乘坐，还可以识别出占用了座椅的主座区域和左侧侧翼支撑区域或右侧侧翼支撑区域。
其中，在传感单元的优选实施方式中，如图2a所示，传感单元还可以包括第二气压传感器7，第二气压传感器7配置成检测外界的第二气压值P b；第二气压传感器7的输出端可以与控制单元1的输入端连接，控制单元1还配置成：计算P c＝P 0-P b，P 0为标准大气压；将标准设定值均降低P c。
具体的，当该装置处于高原等环境时，其外部大气压低于标准大气压，这就易造成在该环境下设置的标准设定值不准确。因此通过第二气压传感器7检测外界的第二气压值P b， 通过控制单元1计算气压差值P c，即第二气压值P b与标准大气压值P 0的差值，进而调节标准设定值，即将标准设定值降低P c，以修正标准设定值。
可以知道的是，当装置检测到的第二气压值P b高于标准大气压P 0时，通过计算得到的气压差值P c为负值，此时控制单元将标准设定值修正为标准设定值与气压差值P c的绝对值之和。
其中，在辅助传感装置的优选实施方式中，辅助传感装置还包括承压立板18，承压立板18的一端安装有约束装配体22，约束装配体22抵接在拖载底板16的底部，承压立板18的另一端与承压顶板15底部固定连接。
当承压顶板15受到向下的作用力时，由于承压立板18安装在承压顶板15底部，使得承压立板18跟随承压顶板15向下移动，并与拖载底板16的侧面滑动接触。使得承压立板18保持垂直向下移动，防止产生水平偏移或者是纵向倾斜，影响测量的准确性。
同时，承压立板18可以设置多个，以增强定位效果，有利于保护软弹性中空结构体3避免收到损伤；同时，也可实现将承压立板18、拖载底板16、承压顶板15与软弹性中空结构体3组装为一体，便于安装。
其中，在拖载底板16的优选实施方式中，如图4所示，拖载底板16贯穿设有至少一个第一通孔19，承压立板18的约束装配体22通过第一通孔19，使得约束装配体22抵接在拖载底板16底部卡接，防止承压立板18与拖载底板16脱落。
通过在拖载底板16开设第一通孔19，使得承压立板18的约束装配体22通过第一通孔19，进而在承压顶板15受力下降的过程中，可对承压顶板15进行定位保护，可防止其产生水平偏差或纵向倾斜，使得定位效果更好，不影响测量准确性。
可选地，如图4所示，拖载底板16顶部还可以安装辅助承载层27，辅助承载层可以是硬板、粘垫、海绵层中的至少一种，通过辅助承载层可以防止由于受力过大承压顶板15下压至拖载底板16上表面造成装置损坏，起到了一定的缓冲作用。
其中，如图5所示，在气动传感装置的优选实施方式中，气动传感装置还包括至少一个单向逆止阀4，单向逆止阀4的出气口与软弹性中空结构体3连通，单向逆止阀4的进气口与软弹性中空结构体3外部大气连通。具体的，软弹性中空结构体3外部大气即为座舱大气压。
如图6所示，软弹性中空结构3连通有单向逆止阀4，当软弹性中空结构体3长时间受力时，可能造成软弹性中空结构体3内部空气回路的微小逸漏使软弹性中空结构体3内部负压亏气(空气流失)；也可能造成长期使用后由软弹性中空结构体3或者其内部的软性回弹填充体8因疲劳与初始状态有所差异，造成内部气压低于外部大气压；使软弹性中空结构体3产生微小的塌缩变形，由于压力差使软弹性中空结构体3弹性复位受到影响，进而 使其中空结构体3外形不能恢复原形，此时，空气从打开的单向逆止阀4，在内外压差的影响下，由外界大气压可将空气灌至软弹性中空结构体3的内部，使得内外气压平衡充满。
具体的，单向逆止阀4和第一气压传感器5可以设置在传感模块中气路的任一环节，可以设置软弹性中空结构体3处，同时也可以都集成在控制单元1的壳体29内，如图10所示，连接单向阀4和第一气压传感器5一侧的第一气管6的末端、第一气压传感器5及单向逆止阀4可以密封安装在控制单元1的壳体29中；第一气压传感器5及单向逆止阀4可以设置在控制单元1的电路板28上，连接单向阀4和第一气压传感器5一侧的第一气管6末端可以设置有两处开口，一处开口可以与第一气压传感器5气路连通，另一处开口可以与单向逆止阀4的出气口连通，单向逆止阀4的进气口裸露在控制单元1的壳体29之外，并与车辆座舱的空气连通。
具体的，单向逆止阀4内可以设置有阀芯以及弹性体(例如弹簧)，当座舱内气压值大于软弹性中空结构体3中的气压值时，这个压差通过阀芯克服弹性体的弹力移动打开单向逆止阀4的进气口，座舱内的空气经由单向逆止阀4进入软弹性中空结构体3中；当座舱内气压值小于软弹性中空结构体3的气压值时，阀芯在弹性体和软弹性中空结构体3与座舱内的压差的压力的作用下保持单向逆止阀4的进气口关闭，软弹性中空结构体3的空气不会经由单向逆止阀4流向座舱。
其中，在软弹性中空结构体3的优选实施方式中，如图1或图3所示，软弹性中空结构体内可以安装有软性回弹填充体8。
优选的，软性回弹填充体8可以为发泡海绵体、三维间隔织物、波曲状橡塑间隔物、软弹性非织物垫层中的至少一种。
通过在软弹性中空结构体3内安装软性回弹填充体8，使得软弹性中空结构体3便于回弹及自动复位，防止软弹性中空结构体3变形，有利于其长时间不断压缩或回弹过程。
其中，在气动识别装置的优选实施方式中，如图2b所示，传感装置具有若干个，若干个传感装置共用一个控制单元1，每个传感装置之间气路不连通。传感装置为两个或两个以上时，可以共用第二气压传感器7。
其中，在气动传感装置的优选实施方式中，如图3所示，气动传感装置还可以包括电路连接器10，电路连接器10可以设置在拖载底板16底部，电路连接器10内部通过连接器端子11连接控制单元1以及传感单元，拖载底板16底部贯穿设有第二通孔20，使得第一气管6通过第二通孔20将第一气压传感器5与软弹性中空结构体3连通，电路连接器10内通过连接器端子11与外部通讯2进行通讯连通。
通过上述结构，可以使得气动传感装置以及辅助传感装置安装为一体，便于制造、使用及安装过程，有利于装置实现标准化。
本申请还提供一种气动识别座椅，如图4所示，其可以包括椅面和/或靠背，椅面和/或靠背安装上有簧架14以及海绵垫13，还可以包括上述结构的气动识别装置，海绵垫13底部开设有凹槽17，气动识别装置安装在凹槽17内。
具体的，承压顶板15、拖载底板16以及承压立板18与软弹性中空结构体3可预先组装为一体，而后再将承压顶板15安装在凹槽17内并将拖载底板16与簧架14固定连接；同时，还可以预先将承压顶板15安装在凹槽17，而后将安装有拖载底板16的软弹性中空结构体3安装在承压顶板15底部。
具体的，拖载底板16还可如图5所示，还可将若干个拖载底板16安装在软弹性中空结构体3底部，将拖载底板16通过簧架14上的钢丝拉筋26与簧架14固定连接。
工作原理：当有乘员乘坐时，如图9所示，海绵垫13受到向下的压力，承压顶板15可将压力传递至软弹性中空结构体3上表面，同时位于簧架14上的拖载底板16拖载的作用下，使得软弹性中空结构体3内部气压升高；进而通过第一气压传感器5测量软弹性中空结构体内部的第一气压值P a：当乘员体重越重时，软弹性中空结构体3内的第一气压值P a越大；当乘员体重越轻时，软弹性中空结构体3内的第一气压值P a越小；进而通过控制单元1通过对第一气压传感器5检测出的气压值P a并与标准设定值进行比较判定，进而向外部通讯2对应输出人体重量类型；当乘员离开时，软弹性中空结构体3回弹至原有状态。
通过上述结构的相互配合，可有效检测乘员人体类型，为安全性能的提高以及车辆安全系统提供辅助，是车辆安全的发展提供可靠基础。
其中，在拖载底板16的优选实施方式中，如图3所示，拖载底板16底部安装有配置成与簧架14固定连接的定位装置，定位装置与簧架14卡接或固定连接。
上述的定位装置可采用挂钩、卡扣等；优选的，定位装置可选用定位挂钩21；
通过定位挂钩21将拖载底板16与簧架14卡接，使得方便拆卸更换，有助于提高安装或拆卸效率；具体的，定位挂钩21可通过焊接的方式与拖载底板16固定连接，同时，定位挂钩21与拖载底板16还可以为一体式结构。
可选地，如图2a所示，软弹性中空结构3还可以连通有气源装置，气源装置包括：气源9；为了避免当软弹性中空结构体3长时间受力时，使软弹性中空结构体3内部的空气回路的微小逸漏可能产生的软弹性中空结构体3内部负压亏气，软弹性中空结构体3通过第二气管12连通气源装置，使得气源9对软弹性中空结构体3进行充气或放气，气源9可以采用气泵装置。
可选地，控制单元还配置成：当获取的第一气压值P a低于第一阈值P 1时，控制单元控制气源装置进行放气，使得软弹性中空结构体3内外压强平衡。
可选地，控制单元还可配置成：当获取的第一气压值P a高于第二阈值P 2时，控制气源 装置向软弹性中空结构体3内充气直至第一气压值P a达到第六阈值P 6，同时获取充气时间，进而输出乘员人体类型。可以知道的是，充气时间越短，则乘员体重越重，充气时间越长，则乘员体重越轻；作为优选，还可以在控制单元内置多个时间阈值例如t 1、t 2、t 3，并将充气时间与时间阈值进行比较，以此判定并输出对应人体重量类型。
可选地，如图7所示，拖载底板16还可通过安装在其两端且开设有定位安装孔23的拖载翼子板24与簧架14上的钢丝拉筋26固定连接。其安装方式可通过将定位销钉25穿过定位安装孔23并与钢丝拉筋26固定连接。
可选地，如图11所示，软弹性中空结构体3可以用固定容积的腔体30实现，腔体30内至有活塞31，活塞31可以将腔体30分为上下两个部分，其中上部分腔体的空气和下部分腔体的空气不连通；活塞30的上面配置活塞杆32，活塞杆32通过活塞30的上部分腔体伸出活塞30，同时活塞杆32可以伸出腔体30之外并且与承压顶板15固定，腔体30在活塞31下方的腔体内可以设置有弹性体33，弹性体33的一端抵触在活塞31的下端面，另一端抵触在腔体30的底部；在活塞31下方的腔体30连通有单向逆止阀4、第一气压传感器5。当有人员乘坐时，人体加载在座椅海绵垫13上，海绵垫13受力下陷带动承压顶板15下移，进而活塞杆32带动活塞31克服弹性体33的力下移；在活塞31下方的腔体30的容积变小，气压值升高，其连通的第一气压传感器5将其探测到的气压值P a反馈给控制单元1，控制单元1将P a值标准设定值比较判定并向外部通讯2对应输出人体重量类型。当人体撤离座椅海绵垫13时，海绵垫13、承载顶板15、活塞杆32的压力消失，一方面海绵垫13回复至未受力状态，另一方面，被压缩的弹性体33弹力以及腔体30内活塞31下部气压大于上部气压，活塞31位置上移到两端的受力平衡，此时第一气压传感器5探测的气压值恢复到初始状态，控制单元1判断出无人乘坐。单向逆止阀4的作用与前述相同，在此不做重复描述。
以上描述仅为本申请的较佳实施例以及对所运用技术原理的说明。本领域技术人员应当理解，本申请中所涉及的发明范围，并不限于上述技术特征的特定组合而成的技术方案，同时也应涵盖在不脱离所述发明构思的情况下，由上述技术特征或其等同特征进行任意组合而形成的其它技术方案。例如上述特征与本申请中公开的(但不限于)具有类似功能的技术特征进行互相替换而形成的技术方案。
工业实用性
本申请提供了一种座椅乘员人体重量的气动识别装置及气动识别座椅，其可有效检测乘员人体类型，为安全性能的提高以及车辆安全系统提供辅助，为车辆安全的发展提供可靠基础。
此外，可以理解的是，本申请所提供的座椅乘员人体重量的气动识别装置及气动识别座椅可以用于工业应用中，并且是能够再现的。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种座椅乘员人体重量的气动识别装置，其特征在于：包括控制单元(1)以及传感装置；所述传感装置包括气动传感装置以及辅助传感装置；
    所述气动传感装置包括：至少一个具有中间空气间隔结构的软弹性中空结构体(3)以及传感单元；所述传感单元包括第一气压传感器(5)；所述软弹性中空结构体(3)与所述第一气压传感器(5)连通，所述第一气压传感器(5)配置成检测所述软弹性中空结构体(3)内的第一气压值P a；
    所述辅助传感装置包括：承压顶板(15)及拖载底板(16)；所述承压顶板(15)设置在所述软弹性中空结构体(3)的上端面，所述拖载底板(16)设置在所述软弹性中空结构体(3)下端面；
    所述控制单元(1)输入端与所述第一气压传感器(5)输出端连接，所述控制单元(1)输出端连接外部通讯(2)；所述控制单元(1)配置成获取所述第一气压值P a，将所述第一气压值P a与标准设定值比较并向所述外部通讯(2)对应输出人体重量类型。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的气动识别装置，其特征在于：所述标准设定值包括第一阈值P 1、第二阈值P 2、第三阈值P 3、第四阈值P 4以及第五阈值P 5；
    当所述第一气压值P a小于等于所述第一阈值P 1时，所述控制单元(1)输出无人乘坐信息；
    当所述第一气压值P a大于所述第一阈值P 1且小于所述第二阈值P 2时，所述控制单元(1)输出占用乘坐信息；
    当所述第一气压值P a大于所述第二阈值P 2且小于所述第三阈值P 3时，所述控制单元(1)输出小型体重乘员信息；
    当所述第一气压值P a大于所述第三阈值P 3且小于所述第四阈值P 4时，所述控制单元(1)输出中型体重乘员信息；
    当所述第一气压值P a大于所述第四阈值P 4且小于所述第五阈值P 5时，所述控制单元(1)输出大型体重乘员信息；
    当所述第一气压值P a大于等于所述第五阈值P 5时，所述控制单元(1)输出重型体重乘员信息。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的气动识别装置，其特征在于：当所述第一气压值P a等于所述第二阈值P 2时，所述控制单元(1)输出占用乘坐信息；
    当所述第一气压值P a等于所述第三阈值P 3时，所述控制单元(1)输出小型体重乘员信息；
    当所述第一气压值P a等于所述第四阈值P 4时，所述控制单元(1)输出中型体重乘员信息；
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的气动识别装置，其特征在于：所述第一阈值P 1设定为0.02Mpa、所述第二阈值P 2设定为0.025Mpa、所述第三阈值P 3设定为0.03Mpa、所述第四阈值P 4设定为0.035Mpa、所述第五阈值P 5设定为0.04Mpa，其中，所述第一阈值P 1、所述第二阈值P 2、所述第三阈值P 3、所述第四阈值P 4和所述第五阈值P 5的设定值为相对于一个标准大气压的相对值。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4中的任一项所述的气动识别装置，其特征在于：所述传感单元还包括第二气压传感器(7)，所述第二气压传感器(7)配置成检测外界的第二气压值P b；所述第二气压传感器(7)的输出端与所述控制单元(1)的输入端连接，所述控制单元(1)还配置成：计算P c＝P 0-P b，P 0为标准大气压；将所述标准设定值均降低P c。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5中的任一项所述的气动识别装置，其特征在于：所述辅助传感装置还包括承压立板(18)，所述承压立板(18)的一端安装有约束装配体(22)，所述约束装配体(22)抵接在所述拖载底板(16)底部，所述承压立板(18)的另一端与所述承压顶板(15)底部固定连接。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的气动识别装置，其特征在于：所述承压立板(18)设置有多个。
  8. 根据权利要求6或7所述的气动识别装置，其特征在于：所述拖载底板(16)贯穿设有至少一个第一通孔(19)，所述承压立板(18)通过所述第一通孔(19)使得所述约束装配体(22)抵接在所述拖载底板(16)底部。
  9. 根据权利要求1至8中的任一项所述的气动识别装置，其特征在于：所述气动传感装置还包括至少一个单向逆止阀(4)，所述单向逆止阀(4)的出气口与所述软弹性中空结构体(3)连通，所述单向逆止阀(4)的进气口与所述软弹性中空结构体(3)外部大气连通。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的气动识别装置，其特征在于：所述单向逆止阀(4)内设置有阀芯以及弹性体。
  11. 根据权利要求1至10中的任一项所述的气动识别装置，其特征在于：所述软弹性中空结构体(3)内安装有软性回弹填充体(8)。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的气动识别装置，其特征在于：所述软性回弹填充体(8)为发泡海绵体、三维间隔织物、波曲状橡塑间隔物、软弹性非织物垫层中的至少一种。
  13. 根据权利要求1至12中的任一项所述的气动识别装置，其特征在于：所述传 感装置具有若干个，若干个所述传感装置共用一个所述控制单元(1)，每个所述传感装置之间气路不连通。
  14. 根据权利要求1至13中的任一项所述的气动识别装置，其特征在于：所述气动传感装置还包括电路连接器(10)，所述电路连接器(10)设置在所述拖载底板(16)底部，所述电路连接器(20)内部连接有所述控制单元以及传感单元。
  15. 根据权利要求1至14中的任一项所述的气动识别装置，其特征在于：在所述拖载底板(16)顶部与所述软弹性中空结构体(3)之间设置有辅助承载层(27)，所述辅助承载层(27)设置成保护和缓冲所述软弹性中空结构体(3)，以防止所述软弹性中空结构体(3)由于受力过大而造成所述气动识别装置损坏。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的气动识别装置，其特征在于：所述辅助承载层(27)为硬板、粘垫、海绵层中的至少一者。
  17. 根据权利要求1至16中的任一项所述的气动识别装置，其特征在于：所述软弹性中空结构体(3)还连通有人体探测传感开关，所述人体探测传感开关为薄膜式压力电子开关、电容式人体探测传感器、机械式触电压力传感器、影像传感器中的任一种，同时将所述人体探测传感开关与所述控制单元(1)连接，配合检测人体类型信息。
  18. 根据权利要求1至17中的任一项所述的气动识别装置，其特征在于：所述软弹性中空结构体(3)还连通有溢流阀。
  19. 一种气动识别座椅，包括椅面和/或靠背，所述椅面和/或靠背安装上有簧架(14)以及海绵垫(13)，其特征在于：还包括如权利要求1至18中的任一项所述的气动识别装置，所述海绵垫(13)底部开设有凹槽(17)，所述气动识别装置安装在所述凹槽(17)内。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的气动识别座椅，其特征在于：所述拖载底板(16)底部安装有配置成与所述簧架(14)固定连接的定位装置，所述定位装置与所述簧架(14)固定连接。
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