WO2022018737A1 - Système de désembuage hybride écoénergétique automatique - Google Patents

Système de désembuage hybride écoénergétique automatique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022018737A1
WO2022018737A1 PCT/IN2020/050870 IN2020050870W WO2022018737A1 WO 2022018737 A1 WO2022018737 A1 WO 2022018737A1 IN 2020050870 W IN2020050870 W IN 2020050870W WO 2022018737 A1 WO2022018737 A1 WO 2022018737A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
air
glass
temperature
blower
symbol
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IN2020/050870
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Meghdut Bhattacharya
Ankur BHATTACHARJEE
Arijit Neogie
Riya Bhattacharjee
Pratyasha DAS
Original Assignee
Meghdut Bhattacharya
Bhattacharjee Ankur
Arijit Neogie
Riya Bhattacharjee
Das Pratyasha
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Meghdut Bhattacharya, Bhattacharjee Ankur, Arijit Neogie, Riya Bhattacharjee, Das Pratyasha filed Critical Meghdut Bhattacharya
Publication of WO2022018737A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022018737A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00735—Control systems or circuits characterised by their input, i.e. by the detection, measurement or calculation of particular conditions, e.g. signal treatment, dynamic models
    • B60H1/00785—Control systems or circuits characterised by their input, i.e. by the detection, measurement or calculation of particular conditions, e.g. signal treatment, dynamic models by the detection of humidity or frost
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/0073—Control systems or circuits characterised by particular algorithms or computational models, e.g. fuzzy logic or dynamic models
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
    • B60H1/00821—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being ventilating, air admitting or air distributing devices
    • B60H1/00828—Ventilators, e.g. speed control
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D23/00—Control of temperature
    • G05D23/19—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means
    • G05D23/1917—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means using digital means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of automatic and energy efficient defogging of vehicle windscreen and glass windows thereby eliminating the manual intervention to get rid of the fog formed on the inner surface of the glass of an automobile or any other application.
  • Glazing technology offers a passive solar control mechanism where a phase change material is sandwiched between two glass layers. Whenever sunlight passes through the glass the phase change material melts and store the energy in form of latent heat. Thus the phase change material acts as a reservoir of energy.
  • Fogging of vehicle windscreen and windows has been a major driving hazard, posing a threat to the driver as well as passengers by causing hindrance to the visibility. As long as the fogging occurs on the outer surface of the windshield it can be taken care of by using wipers but if fogging occurs on the inner surface it either has to be removed manually or by adjusting the air conditioning system of the vehicle.
  • Prevalent automatic defogging system for the front windscreen uses relative humidity as a key factor to facilitate the removal of fog from the windscreen.
  • a method for controlling HYAC system of a car using fuzzy logic is used to remove fog on inner windscreen.
  • secondary defogging i.e. defogging of windows and rear wind screen thin resistive wires are used to heat up the glass and thus removing fog.
  • secondary defogging takes power solely from the storage battery embedded in the vehicle system by draining its charge.
  • the desirable feature of an automatic defogging system is to have a system efficiently controlling the prevention of fog on the inner surface of window glass and at a reduced cost.
  • the automatic defogging system of cars include input of relative humidity and temperature sensors that feed the programmable logic controller which controls output based on a logic primarily involving relative humidity to determine fogging conditions.
  • US Patent US7788935B2 [1] provided a solution of automatic defogging system of vehicle which takes input from a window humidity sensor operates an air conditioning system by a humidity removing logic depending on input.
  • US Patent US5516041A [2] introduced the method and control system for controlling an automotive HYAC (heating, ventilation and air conditioning) system using fuzzy logic which is calculated based on fuzzy rules and membership functions to provide nonlinear compensation to prevent fogging.
  • US Patent US7337622B2[ 3] showed the design of a vehicle internal climate control system by creating a fog index based on relative humidity to defog the windshield.
  • secondary defogger includes resistive wires applied as a coating on rear and side windows through which current is passed to generate heat as and when directed by programmable logic programmable logic controller.
  • US patent US5653904A[ 4] developed a system which includes moisture and dew detection sensors to energize a solid state relay to activate the windshield blower and another solid state relay to activate a resistance heating grid on the rear window to remove fog from windshield.
  • An European Patent EP1807303B[1 5] reflected the use of resistive coating between two transparent sheets of glass to defog or defrost the windshield of aircraft.
  • US Patent US9255442B2[ 6] demonstrated a double glazing system, consisting of a first layer of glass, a spacer element made of low thermally conductive materials and a second layer of glass and another US Patent US626241T7] developed a moisture sensor and a windshield fog detector.
  • the principal object of this Invention is to achieve efficient defogging system controlling fog on surface of glass with the help of HYAC (Heating, Ventilation and Air Condition Equipments). This type of defogging using energy solely from battery is considered to be “Primary Defogging System”.
  • Another object of this invention is to achieve an efficient and cost effective defogging system for controlling fog on surface of glass by use of solar energy and power from battery as and when required.
  • This type of defogging having an intermittent use of power from battery and having an alternate usage of solar energy is considered to be “Secondary Defogging System”.
  • Our present invention aims at using both relative humidity and dew point temperature to defog the glass more efficiently for primary defogging system.
  • secondary defogging i.e. energy efficient defogging of glass
  • a double glazed glass is used along with a resistive oxide coating which is powered from storage battery.
  • the set-up stores the heat energy which can be used up to defog the glass surface, but if the power required to remove the fog is not adequate then additional power from the battery is supplied to the resistive coating on the windows which in turn heats up the window to remove the fog.
  • the whole system is thus made energy efficient (by limiting the usage of battery power due to incorporation of natural defogging system) and cost effective (by installing this hybrid topology in various sectors).
  • Fig.l shows the experimental box A.
  • Fig. 2 shows a block diagram of System.
  • Fig. 3 shows a flowchart of operation of blower based on logic from Centralized Programmable Logic Controller System.
  • Fig. 4 shows a flowchart of operation of heater based on logic from Centralized Programmable Logic Controller System.
  • Fig. 5 shows the schematic diagram of glazed glass.
  • Fig. 6 shows a graph of performance for Primary Defogging System.
  • Fig. 7 shows a graph of performance for Secondary Defogging System.
  • a box is taken whose inner atmosphere is filled with warm and humid air.
  • the box wall is made up of single layer of Glass[ 21] (hatched surface under consideration).
  • Glass Temperature Sensor[ 1] is located on the inner surface of the Glass[ 21] (hatched surface under consideration) to detect the temperature of the glass[ T solicit1.
  • the air dry-bulb temperatu[re T HH I inside the box_ is determined by Cabin Air Temperature Sensor[ 2] located inside the box.
  • the Humidity Sensor[ 3] is located inside box to detect the Relative Humidity I RH ] of the air inside the chamber. All the sensors draw power from the battery through respective fuse which act as a safety device.
  • the inputs are taken at an interval of 5 seconds.
  • the input from Cabin Air Temperature Sensor[ 2] and Humidity Sensor[ 31 fed to the Centralized Programmable Logic Controller System[ 4] is used to determine the Dew Point Temperatu[re Tp R ] of the air surrounding the inner surface of the glass.
  • the Dew Point Temperatur[e T Hr ] of the air is calculated using Magnus Formula:
  • RH is the Relative Humidity in percentage which is fed by Humidity Sensor
  • the Centralized Programmable Logic Controller System[ 4] After determining the Dew Point Temperature [T Hr ] by the Centralized Programmable Logic Controller System[ 4] using Magnus Formula, the Centralized Programmable Logic Controller System[ 4] compares Dew Point Temperature [T Hr ] the temperature of glass [T g ] detected by the Glass Temperature Sensor [1] and thereby controls the operation of the output units.
  • the output units consist of Blower[ 51. and Heater[ 61.
  • Blower[ 5] is connected to the Centralized Programmable Logic Controller System[ 4] through a Current Controller
  • the current controller operates based on the instructions from Centralized Programmable Logic Controller System[ 4] and sends controlled current to the Blower[ 5] .
  • the Blower [5] can be operated in three different modes: HIGH (where it operates at the highest speed [delivers air at 0.15 m /sec]), MEDIUM (where it operates at a medium speed [delivers air at 0.09 m 3 /sec]) and LOW (where it operates at the lowest speed [delivers air at 0.05 m 3 /sec).
  • the Blower [5] sucks in outside air.
  • An Air-Flow Rate Sensor [8] is provided at the end of the blower which determines the air flow rate [mj.
  • the air flow rate ImJ is provided as a feedback to the Centralized Programmable Logic Controller System [4] thus making it a closed loop.
  • the set of algorithm for controlling the blower speed is given in Fig. 3.
  • the inputs to the system are Dew Point Temperature [Tdnl determined from MAGNUS FORMULA and temperature of glass [Tg] determined by Glass Temperature Sensor [11. Symbol “a” states the value to 3°C, Symbol “b” states the value to 2°C and Symbol “c” states the value to 1°C.
  • Step SI if the difference between Tdp and Tg is greater than “a” the blower is not operative, if the difference is less than “a” the logic moves to Step S2.
  • Step S2 if the difference between Tdp and Tg is greater than “b” but less than “a” the blower is set to LOW, otherwise the logic moves to Step S3.
  • Step S3 if the difference between Tdp and Tg is greater than “c” but less than “b” the blower is set to MEDIUM, otherwise the blower is set to HIGH. Air at varying speed is supplied from Blower[ 5] to the Heater [6].
  • [6] is connected to the Centralized Programmable Logic Controller System G4] through a Current Controller
  • the controller gives input to the Current Controller
  • Fig 4. shows the set of algorithm for the determination of the temperature of air.
  • An Air Temperature Sensor[ 7] records the temperature of air supplied[ T1 and feeds it back to the Centralized Programmable Logic Controller System G4] thus making a closed loop.
  • Blower Mode (HIGH. MEDIUM. LOW).
  • Heated air is directed towards the glass.
  • Ventilation System[ 10] as shown in Fig. 2. Outside air is passed through a
  • the Blower[ 51 which regulates its flow. Clean air at a controlled mass flow rate is directed towards the Heater[ 61 which controls the air temperature.
  • An Air-Flow Rate Sensor[ 8] and an Air Temperature Sensor[ 7] is also placed after the Heater[ 6] as a part of feedback loop providing information back to the Centralized Programmable Logic Controller System[ 41.
  • heated air stream is directed towards the glass through the Defrost door [ 13].
  • a heated stream of air which facilitates higher moisture carrying capacity is supplied to the moisturized glass at a higher circulation rate which ensures sufficient availability of heated air to evaporate the water droplets from the surface of the glass.
  • Fig 1. the other side of the box wall is made up of Glazed glass with ITO coating[22] (dotted surface under consideration).
  • Fig 5. gives the detail description of the glass used.
  • Two Glass Panes [ 17] having thickness of 4 mm is separated by 12 mm gap.
  • the gap is filled with PCM (Phase change material) [18].
  • the PCM[18] used here is Paraffin.
  • the thermophysical properties of parrafin and glass are given in the table below:
  • the inner surface of the glass is coated with a layer of ITO (Indium Tin Oxide)[ 191.
  • ITO[ 19] layer thickness is 1.1 mm.
  • the ITO layer is electrically conductive having a resistance of 20 Ohms/sq. m and is connected to the Centralized Programmable Logic Controller System[ 4] through a Current Controller [ 16] via switch [23].
  • the PCM[ 18] is a material ideally of low melting point which absorbs the heat from solar irradiation during daytime when it is exposed to sunlight.
  • the heat serves as a latent heat for the material which causes it to melt.
  • a solid liquid mixture of PCM[ 18] between the two layers of glass during daytime. After sunset when the temperature drops below the freezing point of the partial liquid, the material releases heat to restore its solid state. Thus the heat released, raise the temperature of the inner surface of glass. This can serve the purpose of vaporization of water droplets from the inner surface. If the heat released is not sufficient to cause the fog to vaporize, an Optical Sensor[ 9] senses the droplets on the glass. If droplets are present, it triggers the electrical circuit shown in Fig 2. which allows the flow of current through Current Controllerri6] and heats up the ITO[ 19] layer and vaporize the water droplets on the surface.
  • the glazed glass helps to moderate the variation of peak temperatures during seasonal cycle. Thus extremely scorching heat from sun can be prevented to enter a closed cabin thus keeping the temperature of the cabin moderate.
  • the “y” axis indicates temperature and “x” axis indicates time.
  • the “y” axis indicates heat and “x” axis indicates time.
  • the horizontal dashed line tells us the required heat to evaporate a thin layer of water droplets from the glass surface.
  • the solid gradient line indicates the heat supplied from the battery when glazing is not used.
  • the dashed gradient line indicates when combined power from battery and glazing are used.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Fuzzy Systems (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Software Systems (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention vise à utiliser à la fois l'humidité relative et la température du point de rosée pour désembuer le verre plus efficacement pour un système de désembuage primaire. En outre, un désembuage secondaire, c'est-à-dire un désembuage écoénergétique, d'un verre à double vitrage est utilisé conjointement avec un revêtement d'oxyde résistif qui est alimenté par une batterie secondaire. Pendant la journée, la configuration stocke l'énergie thermique qui peut être utilisée pour désembuer la surface du verre, mais si la puissance requise pour éliminer la buée n'est pas adéquate, alors une puissance supplémentaire provenant de la batterie est fournie au revêtement résistif sur les fenêtres qui, à son tour, chauffe la fenêtre pour éliminer la buée. L'ensemble du système est ainsi rendu écoénergétique (limitant l'utilisation de la puissance de la batterie en raison de l'incorporation d'un système de désembuage naturel) et rentable.
PCT/IN2020/050870 2020-07-21 2020-10-09 Système de désembuage hybride écoénergétique automatique WO2022018737A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IN202031031187 2020-07-21
IN202031031187 2020-07-21

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2022018737A1 true WO2022018737A1 (fr) 2022-01-27

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4532917A (en) * 1983-12-19 1985-08-06 Taff Douglas C Modular passive solar energy heating unit employing phase change heat storage material which is clearly transparent when in its high-stored-energy liquid state
KR20090007557A (ko) * 2006-03-09 2009-01-19 젠텍스 코포레이션 고강도 디스플레이를 포함하는 차량 후사경 조립체
US20120009859A1 (en) * 2010-07-07 2012-01-12 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Partial air inlet control strategy for air conditioning system
US20170106721A1 (en) * 2015-10-15 2017-04-20 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Energy-efficient vehicle window defogging and prevention of re-freezing

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4532917A (en) * 1983-12-19 1985-08-06 Taff Douglas C Modular passive solar energy heating unit employing phase change heat storage material which is clearly transparent when in its high-stored-energy liquid state
KR20090007557A (ko) * 2006-03-09 2009-01-19 젠텍스 코포레이션 고강도 디스플레이를 포함하는 차량 후사경 조립체
US20120009859A1 (en) * 2010-07-07 2012-01-12 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Partial air inlet control strategy for air conditioning system
US20170106721A1 (en) * 2015-10-15 2017-04-20 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Energy-efficient vehicle window defogging and prevention of re-freezing

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