WO2022016899A1 - 一种建筑密肋结构的快装快拆模壳体系及其施工工艺 - Google Patents

一种建筑密肋结构的快装快拆模壳体系及其施工工艺 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022016899A1
WO2022016899A1 PCT/CN2021/083749 CN2021083749W WO2022016899A1 WO 2022016899 A1 WO2022016899 A1 WO 2022016899A1 CN 2021083749 W CN2021083749 W CN 2021083749W WO 2022016899 A1 WO2022016899 A1 WO 2022016899A1
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Prior art keywords
formwork
metal
quick
construction
building
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PCT/CN2021/083749
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English (en)
French (fr)
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刘同毅
姚文亮
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烟台众诚新型建材科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2022016899A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022016899A1/zh

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
    • E04B5/32—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements
    • E04B5/326—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with hollow filling elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
    • E04G11/36—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for floors, ceilings, or roofs of plane or curved surfaces end formpanels for floor shutterings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
    • E04G11/36—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for floors, ceilings, or roofs of plane or curved surfaces end formpanels for floor shutterings
    • E04G11/48—Supporting structures for shutterings or frames for floors or roofs
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G17/00—Connecting or other auxiliary members for forms, falsework structures, or shutterings
    • E04G17/001—Corner fastening or connecting means for forming or stiffening elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G9/00—Forming or shuttering elements for general use
    • E04G9/02—Forming boards or similar elements
    • E04G9/06—Forming boards or similar elements the form surface being of metal

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a quick assembly and quick dismantling formwork system of a building dense rib structure and a construction technique thereof, belonging to the technical field of building structures and construction techniques thereof.
  • plastic formwork As a new type of formwork system, plastic formwork has been widely used in construction projects in recent years.
  • the dense rib floor system formed by plastic formwork has excellent economic benefits and has gradually replaced the traditional dense rib beam structure system.
  • it Compared with the traditional multi-rib beam structure system, it has natural advantages such as simple construction, short period, low cost, novel appearance, and noise reduction.
  • the traditional formwork construction mode is: building a full-house scaffolding, laying square wood on the scaffolding, then laying bamboo plywood or wood plywood on the square wood, and then placing the formwork on the surface of the bamboo plywood or wood at a fixed point. After that, the construction personnel will fix the surrounding of the formwork on the bamboo plywood or wood plywood. After arranging steel bars in the space around the formwork, concrete is poured, and the formwork can be removed after the specification requirements (generally more than half a month) are met.
  • the traditional formwork construction method has the following main drawbacks:
  • the formwork is fixed on wood plywood or bamboo plywood.
  • wood plywood or bamboo plywood is not environmentally friendly, and the forest resources are wasted; on the other hand, the number of cycles of wood plywood or bamboo plywood is low and the utilization rate is low. After demoulding and dismantling, it can only be discarded, and cannot be recycled, which wastes costs and generates a lot of garbage on the construction site.
  • the concrete surface formed by the traditional formwork construction system is relatively rough, and the surface layer cannot be directly painted after demoulding, and manual mortar troweling treatment is required.
  • One of the objectives of the present invention is to provide a quick-install and quick-release formwork system with a dense rib structure for buildings.
  • the formwork system has a simpler and more compact structure, and the assembly between the components is more compact. scientifically sound.
  • the second purpose of the present invention is to provide a construction process for the quick-installation and quick-release formwork system of the building dense rib structure. Compared with the traditional process, the remarkable features of this process are labor-saving, time-saving, material-saving, space-saving, Safe, efficient and fast.
  • the utility model relates to a quick-installation and quick-release mold shell of a building dense rib structure, which is special in that the composition of the system includes a mold shell, a metal formwork, a metal support corner block, a ground support column and necessary connectors; wherein:
  • the formwork has a bottom frame
  • the metal formwork is a rectangular plate horizontally laid out along the bottom frame of the formwork, which has two long sides for detachable connection with the bottom frame of the formwork, and two short sides for detachable connection with the metal support corner block. side;
  • the metal support corner blocks are horizontally arranged at the corners of the formwork, and have side sides that are detachably connected with the short sides of the metal formwork;
  • the ground support column is a height-adjustable structure, one end of which is erected on the ground, and the other end is supported on the bottom of the metal support corner block;
  • the formwork and the metal formwork form the early dismantling part of the whole formwork system, and the metal support corner block and the ground support column matched with it form the supporting part of the whole formwork system.
  • the formwork adopts a building formwork with high rigidity, small deformation and good seismic performance, preferably a plastic formwork.
  • a metal frame is provided on the bottom frame of the mold case, and the metal template is detachably connected to the mold case via the metal frame.
  • the metal frame is an integral frame structure formed by integral molding or tailor-welding, which has a connecting side of a mold shell and a connecting side of a metal template, the connecting side of the mold shell is fixedly connected with the bottom frame of the mold shell, and the metal template is connected.
  • the connection side is detachably connected to the metal formwork;
  • connection side of the mold shell of the metal frame is fixed on the bottom frame of the mold shell through a connecting piece.
  • the mold shell connection side of the metal frame is overmolded on the bottom frame of the mold shell by means of injection molding.
  • the metal formwork connection side of the metal frame is provided with holes, and the corresponding long sides of the metal formwork are provided with holes, and the two holes are connected by pins, so that the two long sides of the metal formwork can be detachably connected to the surrounding of the metal frame. .
  • the metal support corner block has holes around it, and the corresponding metal template has holes on both sides of the short sides, and the two holes are connected by pins, so that the two short sides of the metal template can be detachably connected to the metal support corner block.
  • the metal template adopts a single material aluminum template, a steel template, or a combined material template with a metal frame.
  • the bottom of the metal support corner block is provided with a connecting sleeve to realize quick assembly and plug connection with the ground support column.
  • the size of the formwork should not exceed 1.2 ⁇ 1.2 meters.
  • a construction process for a quick-installation and quick-release formwork system of a building dense rib structure which is special in that it includes the following process steps:
  • the quick-installation and quick-release formwork shell of the building rib structure of the present invention adopts the combination of metal formwork and formwork, and through modular design, subverts the traditional formwork construction method, greatly improves the construction efficiency, reduces labor intensity, Reduce construction period.
  • the entire formwork system is assembled from formwork, metal formwork, metal support corner blocks and ground support columns.
  • Metal formwork replaces traditional wooden corrugated, wooden plywood or bamboo plywood. On the one hand, it avoids the waste of forest resources and saves wood plywood ( bamboo plywood) laying, fixed construction time and labor cost, on the other hand, most parts can be quickly dismantled within a short period of time after concrete pouring. Within the construction time, the recycling rate of formwork and metal formwork has been improved, and the construction efficiency has been maximized.
  • the support system composed of metal support corner blocks and ground support columns not only meets the construction bearing capacity, but also greatly reduces the number of pipe fittings, effectively saving construction space, so as to meet the needs of construction personnel to move around and material transportation, thereby ensuring the safety of construction.
  • the formwork can completely replace the main and secondary keels arranged in the traditional formwork through the overall splicing method of the metal frame and the peripheral metal formwork, thereby ensuring the stability and deformation resistance of the entire formwork shell.
  • each component of the present invention is a prefabricated product processed in a factory, and its assembly forms are diversified, which can be assembled according to actual construction requirements, and can be assembled directly after arriving at the construction site, which can not only shorten the construction time, but also reduce the construction time. The safety production and civilized production of the site have also been greatly improved.
  • Figure 1 Schematic diagram of mold shell structure (without metal frame)
  • Figure 2 Schematic diagram of mold shell structure (with metal frame);
  • Figure 3 a schematic diagram of the structure of the mold shell monomer of Example 1;
  • Fig. 4 the schematic diagram of the shell monomer structure of the second embodiment
  • Figure 5 a schematic diagram of the structure of the mold shell monomer of Example 4.
  • Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the formwork architecture after splicing
  • Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the metal support corner block structure
  • a quick-installation and quick-release formwork system of a building rib structure includes formwork 1, metal formwork 3, metal support corner blocks 4, ground support columns and necessary connectors;
  • the assembly structure is as follows: the metal formwork 3 is installed horizontally on the periphery of the formwork 1, the metal support corner blocks 4 are arranged horizontally at the corners of the formwork 1, and the periphery of the metal support angle block 4 is connected with the metal formwork 3, and the ground support column is A height-adjustable structure, one end of which is erected on the ground, and the other end is supported on the bottom of the metal support corner block.
  • the FRP formwork used in the formwork 1 in this embodiment has a size configuration of 1 m ⁇ 1 m, and its structure is the conventional structure of a building formwork.
  • the main body is a hollow and bottomless trapezoidal box, including a top plate and a transition
  • the side panels connected to the surrounding of the top panel, the inner walls of the top panel and the side panels are provided with reinforcing ribs, and the bottom of the side panel is formed as a bottom frame.
  • the metal formwork 3 in this embodiment is an aluminum formwork with a rectangular structure, including an upper surface for pouring concrete, two long sides for connecting with the bottom frame of the formwork, and a metal supporting corner block for connecting the two short sides. Because the size of the mold shell is configured to be 1 meter ⁇ 1 meter, in order to match it, the long side of the metal template 3 in this embodiment is also set to 1 meter.
  • the size of the metal support corner block 4 is adapted to the size of the short side of the metal formwork 3, and its structure includes an upper surface for pouring concrete and a peripheral side for connecting with the metal formwork.
  • the bottom of the metal support corner block 4 in this embodiment is provided with a connecting sleeve 5 .
  • connection structure between the mold shell 1 and the metal template 3 is as follows: a plurality of through holes are evenly opened around the bottom frame of the mold shell 1, and corresponding through holes are correspondingly opened on the two long sides of the metal template 3. , select a suitable connection point, and connect the two opposite holes with movable pins, so as to realize the detachable connection between the mold shell 1 and the metal template 3 .
  • connection structure between the metal support corner block 4 and the metal template 3 is as follows: a plurality of through holes are evenly opened on the peripheral side of the metal support corner block 4, and corresponding holes are correspondingly opened on the two short sides of the metal template 3. Through holes, two opposite through holes are pinned together by movable pins, so as to realize the detachable connection between the metal support corner block 4 and the metal template 3 .
  • the formwork 1 and the metal formwork 3 constitute the early dismantling part of the whole formwork system, which can be dismantled into the next construction section after the concrete is solidified to a predetermined strength;
  • the metal support corner blocks 4 and The corresponding ground support column constitutes the support part of the entire formwork system, and this part needs to be removed after the entire construction period is over.
  • This embodiment discloses a pre-installed formwork unit structure, the unitary structure includes a formwork 1, two metal templates 3 and a metal support corner block 4, and the two metal templates 3 are respectively detachably installed on the On the adjacent two sides of the formwork 1 , the metal support corner blocks 4 are detachably installed at the corner joints between the two metal formwork 3 .
  • a quick-installation and quick-release formwork system of a building rib structure includes a formwork 1, a metal frame 2, a metal formwork 3, a metal support corner block 4, a ground support column and necessary
  • the assembly structure between the above components is: the metal frame 2 is fixed on the bottom frame of the mold shell 1, the metal template 3 is horizontally installed on the periphery of the metal frame 2, and the metal support corner blocks 4 are horizontally arranged on the corners of the mold shell 1.
  • the perimeter of the metal support corner block 4 is connected to the metal formwork 3.
  • the ground support column is a height-adjustable structure, one end of which is erected on the ground, and the other end is supported on the bottom of the metal support corner block.
  • the formwork 1 in this embodiment adopts a plastic formwork, and its structure is the conventional structure of a building formwork.
  • the inner walls of the top plate and the side plate are provided with reinforcing ribs, and the bottom of the side plate is formed as a bottom frame.
  • the metal frame 2 is integrally formed into an integral frame structure, which has a connecting side of a mold shell and a connecting side of a metal formwork. Detachable connection with metal formwork.
  • the function of the metal frame 2 is to improve the strength and deformation resistance of the entire formwork 1 .
  • Metal formwork 3 Choose a steel formwork with a rectangular structure, including the upper surface for pouring concrete, two long sides for connecting with the bottom frame of the formwork, and two short sides for connecting with metal support corner blocks .
  • the size of the metal support corner block 4 is adapted to the size of the short side of the metal formwork 3, and its structure includes an upper surface for pouring concrete and a peripheral side for connecting with the metal formwork.
  • the bottom of the metal support corner block 4 in this embodiment is provided with a connecting sleeve 5 .
  • connection structure between the mold shell 1 and the metal frame 2 is as follows: a number of through holes are evenly opened around the bottom frame of the mold shell 1, and a number of through holes are correspondingly opened on the mold shell connection side of the metal frame 2.
  • the movable pin fixes the metal frame 2 on the mold shell 1 .
  • connection structure between the metal frame 2 and the metal template 3 is as follows: a plurality of through holes are evenly opened on the connection side of the metal template of the metal frame 2, and corresponding through holes are correspondingly opened on the two long sides of the metal template 3. Select a suitable connection point, and connect the two opposite holes through movable pins, so as to realize the detachable connection between the metal frame 2 and the metal template 3.
  • connection structure between the metal support corner block 4 and the metal template 3 is as follows: a plurality of through holes are evenly opened on the peripheral side of the metal support corner block 4, and corresponding holes are correspondingly opened on the two short sides of the metal template 3. Through holes, two opposite through holes are pinned together by movable pins, so as to realize the detachable connection between the metal support corner block 4 and the metal template 3 .
  • the formwork 1 with the metal frame 2 and the metal formwork 3 constitute the early dismantling part of the entire formwork system, and this part can be dismantled into the next construction section after the concrete is solidified to a predetermined strength;
  • the metal support corner block 4 and the corresponding ground support column constitute the support part of the entire formwork system, and this part needs to be removed after the entire construction period is over.
  • This embodiment discloses a pre-installed formwork single structure, including a formwork 1, a metal frame 2 fixed on the bottom frame of the formwork 1, and detachably installed on the adjacent two sides of the formwork 1 respectively There are two metal templates 3 , and a metal support corner block 4 is detachably installed at the corner position between the two metal templates 3 .
  • the metal frame 2 is an integral frame formed by tailor welding, and the connection side of the mold shell is overmolded on the bottom frame of the mold shell 1 by injection molding.
  • the metal template 3 adopts a composite material template with a metal frame.
  • the unitary structure includes a formwork 1 , a metal frame 2 , four metal templates 3 and four metal support corner blocks 4 ;
  • the metal frame 2 is fixed on the bottom frame of the mold shell 1, the four metal templates 3 are correspondingly installed around the mold shell 1, and the four metal support corner blocks 4 are respectively installed in the four corners of the mold shell 1.
  • the quick-installation and quick-release formwork system of the building dense rib structure of the present invention and its construction technology have advantages and characteristics mainly reflected in the following aspects:
  • the whole floor is cast and formed at one time, and the surface is smooth and clean, which can completely achieve the level of plaster-free.
  • the recovery value is high, and the residual value of the metal formwork is as high as about 80% of the purchase price.
  • the quick-installation and quick-release formwork system and its construction technology of the building dense rib structure of the present invention construct a flexible, fast and safe customized modular assembly system, which should meet the requirements of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People's Republic of China in 2016. Released on June 6, 2016 and implemented on December 1, 2016, "Technical Specifications for Combined Aluminum Alloy Formwork Engineering” [JGJ386-2016 Record No. J2201-2016].

Abstract

本发明涉及一种建筑密肋结构的快装快拆模壳体系，其特征在于，包括模壳、金属模板、金属支撑角块、地面支撑立柱及连接件；所述金属模板两侧长边与模壳连接，两侧短边与金属支撑角块连接；所述金属支撑角块四周与金属模板连接；一种建筑密肋结构的快装快拆模壳体系的施工工艺，特征在于，包括步骤：S1、装配模壳单体；S2、搭建地面支撑立柱；S3、将模壳单体拼接为整体；S4、验收；S5、布设钢筋；S6、浇筑混凝土；S7、待混凝土强度达到预定程度后，将模壳及金属模板全部拆除，循环到本工程下一个施工段进行使用；S8、达到施工规范要求后，将地面支撑立柱及金属支撑角块拆除。本发明大幅提高了施工效率，减少劳动强度，缩减施工周期。

Description

一种建筑密肋结构的快装快拆模壳体系及其施工工艺 技术领域
本发明涉及一种建筑密肋结构的快装快拆模壳体系及其施工工艺，属于建筑结构及其施工工艺技术领域。
 背景技术
塑料模壳作为一种新型的模板体系，近年来在建筑工程中得到广泛应用，由塑料模壳形成的密肋楼盖体系，具有优良的经济效益,已逐渐取代传统密肋梁结构体系，与传统的密肋梁结构体系相比，它具有施工简捷、周期短、费用低、外观新颖、降低噪音等天然优势。
目前，传统的模壳施工模式是：搭建满堂脚手架，在脚手架上铺设方木后，再在方木上铺设竹胶板或木夹板，然后将模壳定点放置于竹胶板或木板的表面，之后再由施工人员将模壳四周固定于竹胶板或木夹板上，在模壳四周空间布设钢筋后，浇筑混凝土，达到规范要求后（一般超半月）方能拆模。传统模壳施工方式存在以下几个主要弊端：
1、底部采用传统的满堂脚手架作为支撑，造成施工空间狭小，无法满足人员施工走动和物料运输，并且支撑时间要持续整个施工过程直至达到脱模规范后才能整体拆除，施工工期长，钢管及连接件数量非常多，安全风险大。
2、模壳固定于木夹板或竹胶板上，木夹板或竹胶板的使用一方面不环保，森林资源浪费严重；另一方面，木夹板或竹胶板循环次数少、利用率低，脱模拆除后只能废弃，无法重复循环利用，浪费成本，施工现场产生的垃圾多。
3、为了防止施工过程中模壳在混凝土侧压力作用下产生水平位移，浇筑前必须先铺木楞再铺木夹板或竹胶板后固定模壳，由此而造成模板施工操作繁琐，浇筑成型后拆模复杂，劳动强度大，施工效率低，施工工期长。
4、木夹板或竹胶板的承载力不足，因木材自身特性所局限，爆模胀模等变形现象时常发生，成型效果不佳，造成施工质量不良。
5、整个施工过程中，不论是模壳还是配套的木夹板或竹胶板，均需要在混凝土完全固化后才能完全拆除，因此，施工现场所需要的一次性投入的模壳及木料的用量非常之大。
6、为了提高模壳的强度，防止模壳在浇筑混凝土之后发生受压变形，传统做法需要对模壳配设主次龙骨。
7、传统模壳施工体系所形成的混凝土表面较粗糙，脱模后不能直接涂刷面层，还需要人工进行砂浆抹平处理。
 技术问题
本发明目的之一在于提供一种建筑密肋结构的快装快拆模壳体系，该模壳体系相对于传统模壳体系，其结构组成更加简捷紧凑，各组成部分之间的组配更为科学合理。本发明目的之二在于提供一种建筑密肋结构的快装快拆模壳体系的施工工艺，该工艺相对于传统工艺来说，显著性特点在于省工、省时、省料、省空间、安全、高效、快捷。
 技术解决方案
本发明采用的技术方案如下：
    一种建筑密肋结构的快装快拆模壳体，其特殊之处在于，该体系的组成包括模壳、金属模板、金属支撑角块、地面支撑立柱及必要的连接件；其中：
    所述模壳具有底框；
    所述金属模板为沿模壳底框向外水平铺设的矩形板，其具有用以与模壳底框可拆卸连接的两长边侧，以及用以与金属支撑角块可拆卸连接的两短边侧；
    所述金属支撑角块水平布设于模壳的角位处，且其具有与所述金属模板的短边可拆卸连接的边侧；
    所述地面支撑立柱为高度可调式结构，其一端立设于地面，另一端顶撑于金属支撑角块的底部；
    以上组成部分中，模壳和金属模板构成整个模壳体系的早拆部分，金属支撑角块及与之相适配的地面支撑立柱构成整个模壳体系的支撑部分。
所述模壳采用的是刚性大、变形小、抗震性能好的建筑模壳，优选塑料模壳。
进一步地，为了提高模壳的整体强度及抗形变能力，所述模壳的底框上配套有金属框，所述金属模板经由金属框与模壳可拆卸连接。所述金属框为一体成型或拼焊而成的整体式框架结构，其具有模壳连接侧和金属模板连接侧，所述模壳连接侧与模壳的底框四周固连，所述金属模板连接侧与金属模板可拆卸连接；
    所述金属框的模壳连接侧通过连接件固定于模壳的底框上。
所述金属框的模壳连接侧通过注塑方式包塑于模壳的底框上。
所述金属框的金属模板连接侧开设有孔，与之对应的金属模板的两侧长边开设有孔，两孔通过销连接，使金属模板的两侧长边可拆卸连接于金属框的四周。
所述金属支撑角块的四周开孔，与之对应的金属模板的两侧短边开孔，两孔通过销连接，使金属模板的两侧短边可拆卸连接于金属支撑角块的四周。
所述金属模板采用单一材质的铝模板、钢模板，或者采用具有金属边框的组合材质模板。
所述金属支撑角块的底部带有连接套，用以实现与地面支撑立柱之间的快速装配插接。
所述模壳的尺寸设计最大应不超过1.2×1.2米。
一种建筑密肋结构的快装快拆模壳体系的施工工艺，其特殊之处在于，包括以下工艺步骤：
S1、选择性的将模壳、金属模板及金属支撑角块装配成不同的模壳单体，备用；
S2、根据施工图纸要求，定点搭建地面支撑立柱；
S3、将预装好的模壳单体吊升并对位安装至地面支撑立柱的上部，相邻的模壳单体之间通过连接件拼接为整体；
S4、模壳体系整体验收；
S5、布设钢筋；
S6、浇筑混凝土；
S7、待混凝土强度达到预定程度后，将模壳及金属模板全部拆除，随即循环用于当前工程的另一施工段的装配施工；
S8、达到施工规范要求后，将地面支撑立柱及金属支撑角块拆除。
 有益效果
本发明的一种建筑密肋结构的快装快拆模壳体，采用金属模板与模壳组合，并通过模块化设计，颠覆传统的模壳施工方式，大幅提高了施工效率，减少劳动强度，缩减施工周期。整个模壳体系由模壳、金属模板、金属支撑角块以及地面支撑立柱装配而成，由金属模板替代传统木楞、木夹板或竹胶板，一方面避免森林资源的浪费，节省木夹板（竹胶板）铺设、固定的施工时间及用工成本，另一方面能够在混凝土浇筑后很短的时间内快速拆除大多部件，拆除后随即循环用于当前工程另一施工段的装配施工，在相同的施工时间内，提高了模壳及金属模板的循环使用率，达到了施工效率最大化。由金属支撑角块以及地面支撑立柱构成的支撑体系，在满足施工承载力的同时大幅缩减了管件的数量，有效节省了施工空间，从而可以满足施工人员走动及物料输送，进而保障施工的安全性。模壳通过金属框与外周金属模板的这种整体拼接方式，完全能够替代传统模壳中布设的主、次龙骨，进而保障整个模壳体壳的稳定性和抗变形能力。此外，本发明的各组成部件都是工厂化加工出来的预制成品，其组装形式多样化，可以根据实际施工需求组配，运抵工地后直接组装即可施工，不仅可以缩短施工时间，对施工场地的安全生产和文明生产也有极大的提升。
 附图说明
图1：模壳结构示意图（不带金属框）
    图2：模壳结构示意图（带金属框）；
    图3：实施例一的模壳单体结构示意图；
    图4：实施例二的模壳单体结构示意图；
    图5：实施例四的模壳单体结构示意图；
    图6：拼接后的模壳体系结构示意图；
   图7：金属支撑角块结构示意图；
    在图中，1、模壳，2、金属框，3、金属模板，4、金属支撑角块，5、连接套。
 本发明的最佳实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。
    实施例一
    一种建筑密肋结构的快装快拆模壳体系，参照图1、3，包括模壳1、金属模板3、金属支撑角块4、地面支撑立柱及必要的连接件；以上部件之间的装配结构为：金属模板3水平安装在模壳1的周边，金属支撑角块4水平布设在模壳1的角位处，并且金属支撑角块4的周边与金属模板3相连，地面支撑立柱为高度可调式结构，其一端立设于地面，另一端顶撑于金属支撑角块的底部。
      以下针对模壳1、金属模板3、金属支撑角块4、地面支撑立柱的具体结构以及相互之间的连接方式进行具体说明。
     本实施例中的模壳1采用的玻璃钢模壳，其尺寸配置为1米×1米，其结构是建筑模壳的常规结构，主体呈中空且无底的梯形箱体，包括一顶板以及过渡连接于顶板四周的侧板，所述顶板和侧板的内壁均设有加强肋，所述侧板的底部形成为底框。
    本实施例中的金属模板3选择矩形结构的铝模板，包括用于浇筑混凝土的上表面，以及用于与模壳底框相连接的两长边侧，和用于与金属支撑角块相连接的两短边侧。因模壳尺寸配置为1米×1米，为了与之相适配，本实施例的金属模板3的长边也设置为1米。
    金属支撑角块4的尺寸与金属模板3的短边尺寸相适配，其结构包括用于浇筑混凝土的上表面，以及用于与金属模板相连接的周向边侧。为了便于其与地面支撑立柱之间的快速装配插接，本实施例的金属支撑角块4的底部带有连接套5。
    所述模壳1与金属模板3之间的连接结构为：在模壳1的底框四周均匀开设有若干通孔，在所述金属模板3的两长边侧对应开设有相对应的通孔，选择适合的连接点位，通过活动销将相对的两孔销接，从而实现模壳1和金属模板3之间的可拆卸连接。
    所述金属支撑角块4与金属模板3之间的连接结构为：在金属支撑角块4的周向边侧均匀开设有若干通孔，在金属模板3的两短边侧对应开设有相应的通孔，通过活动销将两相对的通孔销接在一起，从而实现金属支撑角块4与金属模板3之间的可拆卸连接。
    应当理解的是，对本领域技术人员来说，模壳1与金属模板3之间、金属模板3与金属支撑角块4之间的可拆卸连接方式还有多种常规的选择，本实施例中仅示例其中的一种，不再对其他等同的连接方式进行一一说明。
    本实施例的上述组成中，模壳1和金属模板3构成了整个模壳体系的早拆部分，该部分在混凝土固化达到预定强度后即可拆除进入下一施工段；金属支撑角块4及与之相适配的地面支撑立柱构成了整个模壳体系的支撑部分，该部分需要在整个施工周期结束后方可拆除。
    本实施例公开了一种预装的模壳单体结构，所述单体结构包括一个模壳1、两个金属模板3和一个金属支撑角块4，两个金属模板3分别可拆卸安装在模壳1的相邻两侧，金属支撑角块4可拆卸安装于两个金属模板3之间的角位衔接处。
    实施例二
   一种建筑密肋结构的快装快拆模壳体系，参照图2、4、6、7，包括模壳1、金属框2、金属模板3、金属支撑角块4、地面支撑立柱及必要的连接件；以上部件之间的装配结构为：金属框2固定于模壳1的底框上，金属模板3水平安装在金属框2的周边，金属支撑角块4水平布设在模壳1的角位处，并且金属支撑角块4的周边与金属模板3相连，地面支撑立柱为高度可调式结构，其一端立设于地面，另一端顶撑于金属支撑角块的底部。
    以下针对模壳1、金属框2、金属模板3、金属支撑角块4、地面支撑立柱的具体结构以及相互之间的连接方式进行具体说明。
    本实施例中的模壳1采用的是塑料模壳，其结构为建筑模壳的常规结构，主体呈中空且无底的梯形箱体，包括一顶板以及过渡连接于顶板四周的侧板，所述顶板和侧板的内壁均设有加强肋，所述侧板的底部形成为底框。
    本实施例中的金属框2为一体成型整体式框架结构，其具有模壳连接侧和金属模板连接侧，所述模壳连接侧与模壳的底框四周固连，所述金属模板连接侧与金属模板可拆卸连接。金属框2的作用在于提高整个模壳1的强度及抗变形能力。
   金属模板3选择矩形结构的钢模板，包括用于浇筑混凝土的上表面，以及用于与模壳底框相连接的两长边侧，和用于与金属支撑角块相连接的两短边侧。
    金属支撑角块4的尺寸与金属模板3的短边尺寸相适配，其结构包括用于浇筑混凝土的上表面，以及用于与金属模板相连接的周向边侧。为了便于其与地面支撑立柱之间的快速装配插接，本实施例的金属支撑角块4的底部带有连接套5。
    所述模壳1与金属框2之间的连接结构为：在模壳1的底框四周均匀开设有若干通孔，所述金属框2的模壳连接侧也对应开设有若干通孔，通过活动销将金属框2固定于模壳1上。
    所述金属框2与金属模板3之间的连接结构为：在金属框2的金属模板连接侧均匀开设有若干通孔，在所述金属模板3的两长边侧对应开设有相对应的通孔，选择适合的连接点位，通过活动销将相对的两孔销接，从而实现金属框2和金属模板3之间的可拆卸连接。
    所述金属支撑角块4与金属模板3之间的连接结构为：在金属支撑角块4的周向边侧均匀开设有若干通孔，在金属模板3的两短边侧对应开设有相应的通孔，通过活动销将两相对的通孔销接在一起，从而实现金属支撑角块4与金属模板3之间的可拆卸连接。
    应当理解的是，对本领域技术人员来说，金属框2与模壳1之间、金属模板3与金属框2之间、以及金属模板3与金属支撑角块4之间的可拆卸连接方式还可以有另外的选择，本实施例中仅示例其中的一种，不再对其他等同的连接方式进行一一说明。
    本实施例的上述组成中，带有金属框2的模壳1和金属模板3构成了整个模壳体系的早拆部分，该部分在混凝土固化达到预定强度后即可拆除进入下一施工段；金属支撑角块4及与之相适配的地面支撑立柱构成了整个模壳体系的支撑部分，该部分需要在整个施工周期结束后方可拆除。
    本实施例公开了一种预装的模壳单体结构，包括一个模壳1，固定于模壳1底框上的金属框2，在所述模壳1的相邻两侧分别可拆卸安装有两个金属模板3、两个金属模板3之间的角位可拆卸安装有一个金属支撑角块4。
    实施例三
    本实施例与实施例二的不同之处在于，
    所述金属框2为拼焊而成的整体式框架，其模壳连接侧通过注塑方式包塑于模壳1的底框上。
    所述金属模板3采用的是带有金属边框的组合材质模板。
    实施例四
    本实施例公开了另一种预装的模壳单体结构，参照图5，所述单体结构包括一个模壳1、一个金属框2、四块金属模板3和四个金属支撑角块4；金属框2固定于模壳1的底框上，四个金属模板3对应安装在模壳1的四周，四个金属支撑角块4分别安装在模壳1的四周角位处。
    实施例五
    一种基于上述实施例建筑密肋结构的快装快拆模壳体系的施工工艺，包括以下具体步骤：
S1、选择性的将模壳、金属模板及金属支撑角块装配成不同的模壳单体备用；
S2、根据施工图纸要求，定点搭建地面支撑立柱；
S3、将预装好的模壳单体吊升并对位安装至地面支撑立柱的上部，相邻的模壳单体之间通过连接件拼接为整体；
S4、模壳体系整体验收；
S5、布设钢筋；
S6、浇筑混凝土；
S7、待混凝土强度达到预定程度后，将模壳及四周金属模板全部拆除，保留角位处的金属支撑角块及地面支撑立柱，拆除后的模壳及四周金属模板随即循环到当前工程的下一个施工段进行使用；
     S8、达到规范要求后，将金属支撑角块及地面支撑立柱拆除。
    本发明的一种建筑密肋结构的快装快拆模壳体系及其施工工艺，相较传统的模壳体系及施工工艺，其优势特点主要体现在以下几个方面：
    一、技术指标先进
    1.稳定性好，承载力高，承载力可达60KN/㎡；
    2.混凝土浇筑质量好，平整度和垂直度指标明显高于木模板；
    3.施工效率高，拆装模板时间优于木模板；
    4.楼层整体一次浇筑成型，表面平整光洁，完全能达到免抹灰水平。
    二、经济效益突出
    1.可重复使用200次以上，使用成本低；
    2.施工效率高，施工周期短，节约时间成本；
    3.基本无需机械吊装，施工场地干净整洁，文明施工管理费用低；
    4.回收价值高，金属模板残值高达购买价格的80%左右。
    三、社会效益显著
    1.节能环保，低碳减排，是循环经济的典范；
    2.文明施工，避免施工现场二次污染；
    3.明显降低施工强度，保护工人。
    本发明的一种建筑密肋结构的快装快拆模壳体系及其施工工艺，构建了一种灵活、快捷、安全的定制模块化装配体系，理应符合中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部于2016年6月6日发布，2016年12月1日实施的《组合铝合金模板工程技术规范》【JGJ386-2016备案号J2201-2016】。
    以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，例如本发明的模壳单体的组配形式可有各种变化，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种建筑密肋结构的快装快拆模壳体系，其特征在于，该体系的组成包括模壳、金属模板、金属支撑角块、地面支撑立柱及必要的连接件；其中：
        所述模壳具有底框；
        所述金属模板为沿模壳底框向外水平铺设的矩形板，其具有用以与模壳底框可拆卸连接的两长边侧，以及用以与金属支撑角块可拆卸连接的两短边侧；
        所述金属支撑角块水平布设于模壳的角位处，且其具有与所述金属模板的短边可拆卸连接的边侧；
        所述地面支撑立柱为高度可调式结构，其一端立设于地面，另一端顶撑于金属支撑角块的底部；
        以上组成部分中，模壳和金属模板构成整个模壳体系的早拆部分，金属支撑角块及与之相适配的地面支撑立柱构成整个模壳体系的支撑部分。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的一种建筑密肋结构的快装快拆模壳体系，其特征在于，
        所述模壳采用的是塑料模壳。
  3.  如权利要求1或2所述的一种建筑密肋结构的快装快拆模壳体系，其特征在于，
        所述模壳的底框上配套有金属框，所述金属模板经由金属框与模壳可拆卸连接；所述金属框为一体成型或拼焊而成的整体式框架结构，其具有模壳连接侧和金属模板连接侧，所述模壳连接侧与模壳的底框四周固连，所述金属模板连接侧与金属模板可拆卸连接。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的一种建筑密肋结构的快装快拆模壳体系，其特征在于，
        所述金属框的模壳连接侧通过连接件固定于模壳的底框上；或者，
        所述金属框的模壳连接侧通过注塑方式包塑于模壳的底框上。
  5. 如权利要求3所述的一种建筑密肋结构的快装快拆模壳体系，其特征在于，
        所述金属框的金属模板连接侧开设有孔，与之对应的金属模板的两侧长边开设有孔，两孔通过销连接，使金属模板的两侧长边可拆卸连接于金属框的四周。
  6.  如权利要求1所述的一种建筑密肋结构的快装快拆模壳体系，其特征在于，
        所述金属支撑角块的四周开孔，与之对应的金属模板的两侧短边开孔，两孔通过销连接，使金属模板的两侧短边可拆卸连接于金属支撑角块的四周。
  7.  如权利要求1所述的一种建筑密肋结构的快装快拆模壳体系，其特征在于，
        所述金属模板采用单一材质的铝模板、钢模板，或者采用具有金属边框的组合材质模板。
  8.  如权利要求1所述的一种建筑密肋结构的快装快拆模壳体系，其特征在于，
        所述模壳的尺寸不超过1.2×1.2米。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的一种建筑密肋结构的快装快拆模壳体系，其特征在于，
        所述金属支撑角块的底部带有用以实现与地面支撑立柱之间的快速装配插接的连接套。
  10. 如权利要求1-9任意一项所述的一种建筑密肋结构的快装快拆模壳体系的施工工艺，其特征在于，包括以下工艺步骤：
    S1、选择性的将模壳、金属模板及金属支撑角块装配成不同的模壳单体备用；
    S2、根据施工图纸要求，定点搭建地面支撑立柱；
    S3、将预装好的模壳单体吊升并对位安装至地面支撑立柱的上部，相邻的模壳单体之间通过连接件拼接为整体；
    S4、模壳体系整体验收；
    S5、布设钢筋；
    S6、浇筑混凝土；
    S7、待混凝土强度达到预定程度后，将模壳及金属模板全部拆除，随即循环用于当前工程的另一施工段的装配施工；
    S8、达到施工规范要求后，将地面支撑立柱及金属支撑角块拆除。
PCT/CN2021/083749 2020-07-20 2021-03-30 一种建筑密肋结构的快装快拆模壳体系及其施工工艺 WO2022016899A1 (zh)

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