WO2022014697A1 - ペプチド、ペプチドの塩、医薬組成物及び生体組織石灰化抑制剤 - Google Patents
ペプチド、ペプチドの塩、医薬組成物及び生体組織石灰化抑制剤 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022014697A1 WO2022014697A1 PCT/JP2021/026751 JP2021026751W WO2022014697A1 WO 2022014697 A1 WO2022014697 A1 WO 2022014697A1 JP 2021026751 W JP2021026751 W JP 2021026751W WO 2022014697 A1 WO2022014697 A1 WO 2022014697A1
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Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K7/00—Peptides having 5 to 20 amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
- C07K7/50—Cyclic peptides containing at least one abnormal peptide link
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
- A61P9/14—Vasoprotectives; Antihaemorrhoidals; Drugs for varicose therapy; Capillary stabilisers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P19/00—Drugs for skeletal disorders
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P19/00—Drugs for skeletal disorders
- A61P19/02—Drugs for skeletal disorders for joint disorders, e.g. arthritis, arthrosis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- C07K14/435—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
- C07K14/46—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans from vertebrates
- C07K14/47—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans from vertebrates from mammals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- C07K14/435—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
- C07K14/705—Receptors; Cell surface antigens; Cell surface determinants
- C07K14/70546—Integrin superfamily
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- C07K14/435—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
- C07K14/78—Connective tissue peptides, e.g. collagen, elastin, laminin, fibronectin, vitronectin or cold insoluble globulin [CIG]
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
Definitions
- the present invention relates to peptides, peptide salts, pharmaceutical compositions and biological tissue calcification inhibitors.
- Calcification of living tissue includes hard tissue calcification and ectopic calcification.
- Hard tissue calcification refers to bone and tooth calcification.
- Ectopic calcification is calcification that occurs in soft tissues throughout the body due to renal dysfunction, arteriosclerosis, metabolic disorders, aging, heredity, and the like.
- Soft tissues in which calcification occurs are, for example, blood vessels, ligaments, tendons, skeletal muscles, alveolar walls, kidneys, gastric mucosa, periarticular, cartilage and skin. More specifically, for ectopic calcification, infantile systemic arterial calcification (GACI), progressive ossifying fibrodysplasia (fibrodysplasia ossificans positive: FOP), and addition to FOP.
- GCI infantile systemic arterial calcification
- FOP progressive ossifying fibrodysplasia
- FOP fibrodysplasia ossificans positive
- vascular calcification due to disease or ar
- SIBRING small integrin-binding lidand N-linked glycoprotein
- ASARM acidic serine and aspartate-rich motif
- the ASARM peptide produced from MEPE matrix extracellular phophoglycoprotein
- MEPE matrix extracellular phophoglycoprotein
- Patent Document 1 discloses a hard tissue calcification inhibitor and an ectopic calcification inhibitor using an active site for suppressing calcification of a MEPE-derived ASARM peptide.
- MEPE has the properties of an osteoblastic phosphattonin and minhibin", Bone, 2004, 34 (2), 303-319 William N Addison, 4 outsiders, "MEPE-ASARM Peptides Control Extracellular Matrix Mineralization by Binding to Hydroxyapatite: An Inhibition Engine” Bone Miner Res. 2008, 23 (10), 1638-1649
- the ASARM peptide derived from human MEPE has three sites (Asp-X) in which an amino acid residue (X) other than the aspartic acid residue is adjacent to the C-terminal side of the aspartic acid residue (Asp). Asp-X tends to cause aspartimization that causes intramolecular dehydration. In addition, the ASARM peptide is rapidly metabolized in vivo. Considering its application to pharmaceuticals, it is desired to improve the stability in order to reduce the dose.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a peptide having higher stability, a salt of the peptide, a pharmaceutical composition, and a biological tissue calcification inhibitor.
- the present inventor modified the ASARM peptide using the stability and the activity of suppressing biological tissue calcification as indicators. As a result, a peptide having high stability and high activity of suppressing biological tissue calcification was found, and the present invention was completed.
- the peptide or salt thereof according to the second aspect of the present invention is In the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 5, the amino acid sequence in which the 6th aspartic acid residue from the N-terminal is replaced with another amino acid residue is contained. At least two or more of the three serine residues corresponding to at least the ninth, eleventh, and thirteenth serine residues from the N-terminal of the serine residues contained in the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 5 are phosphorylated. It also has the effect of suppressing the calcification of living tissue.
- the peptide or salt thereof according to the second aspect of the present invention is It consists of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 7. It may be that.
- the pharmaceutical composition according to the third aspect of the present invention is It contains the peptide or salt thereof according to the first or second aspect of the present invention.
- the biological tissue calcification inhibitor according to the fourth aspect of the present invention is It contains the peptide or salt thereof according to the first or second aspect of the present invention.
- the stability of peptides, peptide salts, pharmaceutical compositions and biological tissue calcification inhibitors can be further enhanced.
- (B) is a figure which shows the ⁇ CT image of the lower leg part 10 days after the administration of Ad-Cre of the untreated mouse. It is a figure which shows the result of having evaluated the influence which the peptide which concerns on an Example has on the bone formation.
- (A), (B), (C) and (D) are diagrams showing bone mass, bone mineral content, bone density and bone strength, respectively.
- the peptide according to this embodiment is a peptide designed based on the human ASARM peptide.
- the peptide has an action of suppressing calcification of living tissue.
- the biological tissue calcification here is, for example, at least one of hard tissue calcification and ectopic calcification.
- “Ectopic calcification” is particularly "vascular calcification”. Examples of vascular calcification include vascular calcification associated with renal disease or dialysis, and vascular calcification due to arteriosclerosis.
- “Hard tissue” means biological hard tissue, for example, bone tissue forming the skeleton of the skull and trunk, alveolar bone and cementum constituting periodontal tissue, or dentin (cells constituting these). Includes).
- the hard tissue is bone tissue.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the cleavage site by cathepsin B and the position of the ASARM peptide generated by the cleavage by cathepsin B in the amino acid sequence of human MEPE shown in SEQ ID NO: 2. Arrows in FIG. 1 indicate cleavage sites by cathepsin B.
- the amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 1) contained in the amino acid sequence of the ASARM peptide has N as a site where an amino acid residue other than the aspartic acid residue is adjacent to the C-terminal side of the aspartic acid residue. From site 1 (“DS”) consisting of the second and third amino acid residues from the end, site 2 (“DS”) consisting of the eighth and ninth amino acid residues, and from the 16th and 17th amino acid residues. There is a part 3 (“DG”).
- DS site 1
- DS site 2
- DG part 3
- the amino acid sequence of the peptide according to the present embodiment is the first aspartic acid residue, the second aspartic acid residue, the 17th glycine residue and the 18th amino acid residue from the N-terminal in the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1. It may be an amino acid sequence lacking the aspartic acid residue of. The amino acid sequence is shown in SEQ ID NO: 5.
- the peptide according to this embodiment may be a peptide containing an amino acid sequence in which site 2 is modified.
- the amino acid sequence obtained by modifying the site 2 is an amino acid sequence in which the aspartic acid residue 6th from the N-terminal is replaced with another amino acid residue in the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 5.
- the other amino acids that replace aspartic acid are not particularly limited as long as the peptide according to the present embodiment maintains the action of suppressing biological tissue calcification.
- Other amino acids are preferably asparagine residues and glutamine residues having the same polarity as aspartic acid residues, and more preferably glutamic acid residues which are acidic.
- the peptide according to this embodiment contains an amino acid sequence in which the 6th aspartic acid residue from the N-terminal is replaced with another amino acid residue in the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 5, it constitutes the peptide.
- the number of amino acid residues is not particularly limited as long as it maintains the inhibitory effect on biological tissue calcification as long as it is 14 or more, and is, for example, 14 to 25, 14 to 23, 14 to 21, and 14 to 19. Is.
- the peptide according to this embodiment may be a linear peptide or a cyclic peptide.
- cyclic means a ring-closed structure formed in a molecule by binding two amino acids separated by two amino acid residues or more directly or via a linker or the like in a linear peptide.
- the peptide according to this embodiment is a cyclic peptide
- the peptide may be cyclicized in any embodiment.
- a cyclized peptide can be obtained by directly linking the carboxy terminus and the amino terminus of the peptide according to the present embodiment with an amide bond or a peptide linker.
- the covalent bond between the two amino acids may be formed by a bond between the side chains of the two amino acids, a bond between the side chains of the two amino acids and the main chain, and the like.
- the intramolecular bond is a thioether bond.
- the cyclic peptide according to the present embodiment various embodiments of the cyclic peptide can be adopted as long as the amino acid sequence of the acyclic peptide in which at least one of the above-mentioned sites 1 to 3 is modified is maintained.
- the N-terminal and the C-terminal may be linked via a peptide bond between the N-terminal amino group and the C-terminal carboxyl group of the amino acid sequences shown in SEQ ID NOs: 3 to 7.
- the cyclic peptide may be one in which at least one of the N-terminal and the C-terminal is chemically modified and then the N-terminal and the C-terminal are linked.
- the N-terminal amino group is acetylated, a cysteine residue is added to the C-terminal, and the N-terminal and C are mediated by a thioether bond between the N-terminal acetyl group and the thiol group of the C-terminal cysteine residue.
- the terminal may be connected.
- N-terminal amino group is chloroacetylated
- a cysteine residue is added to the C-terminal
- the N-terminal is mediated by a thioether bond between the N-terminal chloroacetyl group and the thiol group of the C-terminal cysteine residue.
- the C-terminus may be linked.
- the peptide according to this embodiment contains an amino acid sequence in which the 6th aspartic acid residue from the N-terminal is replaced with another amino acid residue in the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 5, it is shown in SEQ ID NO: 5. At least two or more of the three serine residues corresponding to at least the ninth, eleventh, and thirteenth serine residues from the N-terminal of the serine residues contained in the amino acid sequence are phosphorylated. Preferably, the peptide according to this embodiment has all three serine residues phosphorylated.
- the peptide according to this embodiment can be synthesized by a known method.
- the peptide may be synthesized by a chemical polypeptide synthesis method, or may be synthesized by a genetic engineering method using Escherichia coli or the like.
- examples of the polypeptide synthesis method include a liquid phase method such as a fragment condensation method and a solid phase method such as the Fmoc method.
- the liquid phase method is a method in which the reaction is carried out in a solution state, the product is isolated and purified from the reaction mixture, and the obtained product is used as an intermediate in the next peptide extension reaction.
- the solid-phase method is a method in which an amino acid is bound to a solid-phase carrier insoluble in a reaction solvent, and a condensation reaction is sequentially carried out on the amino acid to extend a peptide.
- the peptide can also be synthesized by condensing a partial peptide or amino acid constituting the peptide with a residual portion, and removing the protecting group when the product has a protecting group.
- the above peptide synthesis method can also be performed using a commercially available automatic synthesizer.
- the phosphorylation of serine residues can be carried out by a known method such as a pre-phosphorylation method in which a protected phosphorylated amino acid is condensed and the protecting group of phosphoric acid is removed at the final stage of synthesis.
- the obtained peptide may be purified or analyzed by, for example, recrystallization, ion exchange chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography, reverse phase chromatography, affinity chromatography, Edman degradation method or the like.
- a cyclic peptide it can be obtained by cyclizing the acyclic peptide obtained by the above method.
- a method for cyclizing the acyclic peptide a known method may be adopted. For example, when the N-terminal of a peptide is modified with a halogenated acetyl group, the halogenated acetyl group of the residue and the thiol group of the cysteine residue added to the C-terminal are reacted in a basic buffer solution. Examples thereof include a method of cyclizing by reacting to form a thioether bond.
- Examples of the method for cyclizing a peptide by peptide bond include a dehydration condensation reaction using dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, a symmetric acid anhydride method, an active ester method, and the like.
- Examples of the method for cyclizing a peptide by a disulfide bond include an air oxidation method and an oxidation method using potassium ferricyanide.
- an oligomer in which a plurality of acyclic peptides are linked by intermolecular bonds may be formed in addition to the cyclic peptide depending on the reaction conditions. Therefore, in order to obtain only the cyclic peptide, it is preferable to purify the peptide after the cyclization reaction by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography or the like.
- the ASARM peptide had at least three sites in the sequence in which aspartimization was likely to occur, was difficult to synthesize, and had poor stability.
- the peptide according to the present embodiment can improve the stability by removing the site where aspartimidation is likely to occur. According to the peptide according to the present embodiment, by suppressing aspartimidation, synthesis becomes easy and production cost is expected to be reduced.
- the peptide according to this embodiment has a high activity of suppressing biological tissue calcification. Since the ASARM peptide is rapidly metabolized in the living body, it is considered that continuous administration in a large amount is necessary to obtain a sufficient medicinal effect, but high activation reduces the dose and obtains a sufficient medicinal effect. Be done.
- the above-mentioned peptide is provided with a peptide in which other amino acids are substituted within a range having an action of suppressing biological tissue calcification.
- the amino acid other than the 6th glutamic acid residue from the N-terminal may be replaced with the amino acid in the MEPE-derived ASARM peptide of a non-human organism.
- the position of the amino acid to be substituted can be determined by aligning the above peptide with the reference ASARM peptide by a known method.
- aspartic acid at the 14th position from the N-terminal may be replaced with another amino acid residue.
- the other amino acids that replace aspartic acid are not particularly limited as long as the peptide according to the present embodiment maintains the action of suppressing biological tissue calcification.
- Examples of other amino acids that replace the aspartic acid include histidine, serine, asparagine, and the like.
- Amino acid residues with uncharged polar chains such as glutamine, serine, threonine, tyrosine and cysteine
- amino acid residues with non-polar side chains such as alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, proline, phenylalanine, methionine and tryptophan. It is classified into amino acid residues having ⁇ -branched chains such as valine, leucine and isoleucine, and amino acid residues having aromatic side chains such as tyrosine, phenylalanine, tryptophan and histidine.
- the pharmaceutical composition according to the present embodiment contains the peptide according to the above-mentioned first embodiment.
- the pharmaceutical composition contains the above peptide as an active ingredient.
- the pharmaceutical composition is a biological tissue calcification inhibitor.
- a biological tissue calcification inhibitor will be described as a pharmaceutical composition.
- the target of use of the biological tissue calcification inhibitor according to this embodiment is cells, biological tissues, organisms, animals and the like. Furthermore, regarding the method of use, etc., if the appropriate amount and means of use are used, taking into consideration the efficacy as a calcification inhibitor, the target substance, animal or organism, and the degree of calcification state of the target. good.
- Diseases in which the biological tissue calcification inhibitor according to the present embodiment is used include, for example, GACI, FOP, posterior longitudinal ligament ossification (OPLL), ossification of the ligamentum flavum, osteoarthritis, vascular calcification, etc. Can be mentioned.
- Living tissue calcification inhibitors as pharmaceuticals are administered to humans and animals.
- the animals are preferably mammals, and more specifically, dogs, cats, cows, pigs, horses, sheep, deer and the like.
- the dose of the biological tissue calcification inhibitor according to the present embodiment is typically 0.01 mg / kg to 1000 mg / kg, preferably 0.1 mg / kg to 200 mg / kg, and more preferably 0.2 mg. It is / kg to 20 mg / kg and can be administered once or multiple times a day.
- the biological tissue calcification inhibitor may be administered at various administration frequencies such as daily, every other day, once a week, every other week, and once a month.
- the administration frequency is easily determined by a doctor or the like. If necessary, an amount outside the above range can be used.
- biological tissue calcification inhibitor according to the present embodiment may be used as a means for research such as prevention of pathological progression of osteoarthritis or vascular calcification.
- the biological tissue calcification inhibitor according to the present embodiment since it contains a peptide with improved stability, it is considered that it is less likely to be decomposed in the living body than the ASARM peptide. Thereby, it can be applied to the administration method corresponding to the pathological condition.
- the biological tissue calcification inhibitor according to the present embodiment since the biological tissue calcification inhibitor according to the present embodiment has high biological tissue calcification inhibitory activity, the dose can be reduced.
- the peptide may be modified with a sugar chain or polyethylene glycol (PEG).
- PEG polyethylene glycol
- a cyclization method that improves stability is preferably adopted.
- the stability may be improved by substituting the above-mentioned substitutable amino acid with another amino acid.
- a known drug delivery system such as liposome preparation may be used.
- a reagent containing the peptide according to the first embodiment is provided.
- the above-mentioned biological tissue calcification inhibitor can also be used as an oral composition for suppressing biological tissue calcification.
- Specific examples of the oral composition include supplements, food compositions, foods and drinks, functional foods and food additives.
- the form of the supplement is not particularly limited, and may be any form such as tablets, powders, granules, capsules, sugar-coated tablets, films, troches, chewables, solutions, emulsions and suspensions.
- the supplement may contain any ingredient commonly used as a supplement.
- “Functional food” means food or beverage taken for the purpose of maintaining health, and includes foods for specified health use, foods with nutritional function, health foods, nutritional supplements, etc., which are foods with health function.
- a food for specified health use or a food with nutritional function which is a food with health function, is preferable.
- various additives used in the food specifically, coloring agents, preservatives, thickening stabilizers, antioxidants, bleaching agents, antibacterial and antifungal agents. , Acidicants, sweeteners, seasonings, emulsifiers, fortifiers, manufacturing agents, flavors and the like may be added.
- the foods and beverages that are functional foods are not particularly limited.
- the form of the functional food is, for example, a beverage, a confectionery, a processed cereal product, a paste product, a dairy product, a seasoning and the like.
- a method for suppressing calcification of a living tissue is provided by administering the peptide according to the first embodiment to a patient. Another embodiment is the use of the peptide according to the first embodiment to suppress calcification of living tissue. In another embodiment, the peptide according to the first embodiment is provided for use as a biological tissue calcification inhibitor. Another embodiment is the use of the peptide according to the first embodiment for the production of a biological tissue calcification inhibitor.
- N-terminal 9th, 11th and 13th serine residues phosphorylated peptide (Example 2, SEQ ID NO: 8), amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 7, 9th and 11th from N-terminal.
- the peptide in which the 13th serine residue was phosphorylated (Example 3, SEQ ID NO: 9), and the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 7, and the 11th and 13th serines from the N-terminal were phosphorylated.
- a peptide (Example 4, SEQ ID NO: 13) was synthesized.
- Example 5 A cyclic peptide (Example 5) was synthesized by cyclizing the peptide of Example 3.
- the N-terminal amino group of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 9 was chloroacetylated, a cysteine residue was added to the C-terminal amino group, and the carboxyl group of the cysteine residue was amidated. .. Subsequently, the N-terminal chloroacetyl group and the C-terminal cysteine residue thiol group were linked by a thioether bond.
- the peptide containing phosphorylated serine was synthesized by the solid phase method using Fmoc-Ser (PO (OBzl) OH) -OH as a building block.
- the peptide was purified by high efficiency liquid chromatography (HPLC) using an ODS column and 0.1% TFA / acetonitrile, and the purity was 90 to 95%.
- Peptides were prepared with TFA salts (partially ammonium salts).
- Mouse osteoblast line MC3T3-E1 was cultured in bone differentiation medium ( ⁇ MEM (Eagle's minimum essential medium ⁇ modified type) + 50 ⁇ g / mL ascorbic acid, 10% fetal bovine serum) to form osteoid-like nodules.
- ⁇ MEM Eagle's minimum essential medium ⁇ modified type
- ⁇ GP 3 mM ⁇ -glycerophosphate
- the test substance was also added.
- the cells were cultured for 24 hours, the cells were washed with PBS, fixed with 10% neutral buffered formalin, and then stained with von Kossa.
- Substrate calcification was evaluated by microscopic measurement of calcium spots stained with von Kossa on the extracellular matrix of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) -stained positive cells, which are osteoblast markers.
- ALP alkaline phosphatase
- FIG. 3 shows the calcification inhibitory activity of Comparative Example 2, Example 3 and Example 5.
- Table 1 shows the relative calcification inhibitory activity of Comparative Example 1 and Examples 1 to 5 when the calcification inhibitory activity of Comparative Example 2 is 100.
- the double underlined serine residues in Table 1 are phosphorylated serine residues.
- FIG. 4 shows the tissue of the thoracic aorta imaged with a stereomicroscope. The calcified area is stained magenta. NC shows a negative control. In PBS, which is a solvent for peptides, most of them are calcified, whereas in Comparative Example 2 and Example 5, calcification was suppressed. The calcification suppressing effect of Example 5 was superior to that of Comparative Example 2.
- FIG. 5 shows the calcium content per protein. Pi indicates phosphate load.
- Example 5 had a lower calcium content than Comparative Example 2.
- Example 5 was shown to significantly suppress calcification as compared to Comparative Example 2.
- FIG. 6 shows the survival rate in PBS. In Comparative Example 2, the residual rate decreased with time, whereas in Example 5, the residual rate did not decrease.
- FIG. 7 shows the residual rate in mouse serum. In Example 5, the decrease in the residual rate in serum was suppressed as compared with Comparative Example 2.
- Enpp1 asj mice bred under these conditions gradually show calcification of the aorta from about 6 weeks after birth, and 80% or more after 8 to 10 weeks after birth.
- a right jugular vein catheter was placed 6 to 7 weeks after birth, and Example 5 was continuously administered for 2 weeks by an osmotic pump (manufactured by Altez).
- the thoracic (abdominal) aorta was removed, fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde PBS, washed, and stained with alizarin red 0.5% KOH. After washing the tissue, it was stored in 70% EtOH. The resulting tissue was scored for calcification of the alizarin red-positive region of the thoracic aorta under a stereomicroscope (maximum value 3).
- FIG. 8 shows the calcification score.
- FIG. 9 (A) As shown in FIG. 9 (A), calcified nodules were observed in the negative control, whereas calcification was not confirmed in the mice to which Example 5 was administered. Note that FIG. 9B shows ⁇ CT images of untreated mice 10 days after administration of Ad-Cre.
- a catheter was placed in the jugular vein of a 6-week-old ddY mouse, and Comparative Example 2 was administered at a high dose (1 mg / mouse / day) or a low dose (0.1 mg / mouse / day) using an osmotic pump (manufactured by Alzert). The administration was continued for 4 weeks. The low dose is 10 times or more the effective drug efficacy concentration.
- the endpoints were body weight, food and drink intake, blood biochemistry (including calcium and phosphoric acid), major organ weight and histopathology.
- the bone structure was evaluated by ⁇ CT, and the bone strength was evaluated by a 3-point bending test.
- the present invention is suitable for a medicine that suppresses calcification of living tissue such as hard tissue calcification and ectopic calcification.
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Abstract
Description
配列番号1に示されるアミノ酸配列において、
(a)N末端から1番目のアスパラギン酸残基と2番目のアスパラギン酸残基、及び
(b)N末端から17番目のグリシン残基と18番目のアスパラギン酸残基、
の少なくとも一方を欠くアミノ酸配列からなり、
配列番号1に示されるアミノ酸配列に含まれるセリン残基の少なくともN末端から11番目、13番目及び15番目のセリン残基に相当する3個のセリン残基の少なくとも2個以上がリン酸化されており、かつ
生体組織石灰化を抑制する作用を有する。
配列番号5に示されるアミノ酸配列において、N末端から6番目のアスパラギン酸残基が他のアミノ酸残基に置換されたアミノ酸配列を含み、
配列番号5に示されるアミノ酸配列に含まれるセリン残基の少なくともN末端から9番目、11番目及び13番目のセリン残基に相当する3個のセリン残基の少なくとも2個以上がリン酸化されており、かつ
生体組織石灰化を抑制する作用を有する。
配列番号7に示されるアミノ酸配列からなる、
こととしてもよい。
環状である、
こととしてもよい。
こととしてもよい。
上記本発明の第1又は第2の観点に係るペプチド又はその塩を含有する。
上記本発明の第1又は第2の観点に係るペプチド又はその塩を含有する。
本実施の形態に係るペプチドは、ヒトASARMペプチドに基づいて設計されたペプチドである。当該ペプチドは、生体組織石灰化を抑制する作用を有する。ここでの生体組織石灰化は、例えば、硬組織石灰化及び異所性石灰化の少なくとも一方である。“異所性石灰化”は、特には“血管石灰化”である。血管石灰化として、腎疾患又は透析に伴う血管石灰化及び動脈硬化による血管石灰化等が挙げられる。“硬組織”は、生体硬組織を意味し、例えば、頭蓋及び体幹の骨格を形成する骨組織、歯周組織を構成する歯槽骨及びセメント質、又は象牙質(これらを構成する細胞等も含む)を含む。好ましくは、硬組織は骨組織である。
本実施の形態に係る医薬組成物は、上記の実施の形態1に係るペプチドを含有する。当該医薬組成物は、上記ペプチドを有効成分として含む。好適には、当該医薬組成物は生体組織石灰化抑制剤である。以下では、医薬組成物として、生体組織石灰化抑制剤について説明する。
配列番号10に示すアミノ酸配列からなるASARMペプチド(比較例1)及び比較例1のアミノ酸配列のN末端から12番目、14番目及び16番目のセリンがリン酸化されたペプチド(比較例2、配列番号11)を合成した。配列番号4に示すアミノ酸配列からなり、N末端から11番目、13番目及び15番目のセリン残基がリン酸化されたペプチド(実施例1、配列番号12)、配列番号5に示すアミノ酸配列からなり、N末端から9番目、11番目及び13番目のセリン残基がリン酸化されたペプチド(実施例2、配列番号8)、配列番号7に示すアミノ酸配列からなり、N末端から9番目、11番目及び13番目のセリン残基がリン酸化されたペプチド(実施例3、配列番号9)、並びに、配列番号7に示すアミノ酸配列からなり、N末端から11番目及び13番目のセリンがリン酸化されたペプチド(実施例4、配列番号13)を合成した。
マウス骨芽細胞株MC3T3-E1を骨分化培地(αMEM(イーグル最小必須培地α改変型)+50μg/mLアスコルビン酸、10%ウシ胎仔血清)で培養し、類骨様結節を形成させた。石灰化を誘導するため、3mM β-グリセロリン酸(以下、“βGP”)を培地に添加する際、被験物質をあわせて添加した。被験物質の添加後24時間培養し、細胞をPBSで洗浄し、10%中性緩衝ホルマリンで固定した後にvon Kossa染色を施した。基質石灰化は、骨芽細胞マーカーであるアルカリフォスファターゼ(ALP)染色陽性細胞の細胞外基質にvon Kossaで染色されるカルシウムスポットの実体顕微鏡による計測により評価した。
図3に比較例2、実施例3及び実施例5の石灰化抑制活性を示す。表1は比較例2の石灰化抑制活性を100とした場合の比較例1、実施例1~5の相対的な石灰化抑制活性を示す。表1中で二重下線が付されたセリン残基はリン酸化されたセリン残基である。
C57BL/6マウス(10週齢オス)から胸部大動脈を摘出後、リング状(2~3mm)にカットし、10%FCS DMEM(Dulbecco’s Moodified Eagle’s Medium、高グルコース)で培養した。翌日からペプチドを添加し、あわせて高濃度のリン酸(リン酸ナトリウム、最終濃度3mM)を負荷して10日間培養した。PFAで固定した組織に対してアリザリンレッド染色を行い、血管壁を切開して広げて実体顕微鏡で観察した。また、同様に培養した血管を10%ギ酸で24時間脱灰した抽出液について、カルシウム定量キット(カルシウムC-テストワコー、和光純薬工業社製)を用いてカルシウム含量を測定した。
図4は、実体顕微鏡で撮像した胸部大動脈の組織を示す。石灰化した領域は赤紫に染色されている。NCは陰性対照を示す。ペプチドの溶媒であるPBSでは、ほとんどが石灰化しているのに対し、比較例2及び実施例5は、石灰化を抑制した。実施例5による石灰化抑制効果は、比較例2より優れていた。
比較例2又は実施例5(各100mM)の1/20~1/25量をPBS又はC57BL/6マウスの血清に添加し、37℃で7日間又は14日間、インキュベートした。血清を用いた測定では、サンプルと等量の4M過塩素酸(PCA)を加え、MQ水で2倍に希釈し、氷上で5分間静置した。2分間遠心して得た上清をHPLC(ODSカラム及び0.1%TFA/アセトニトリル)に供した。用時調整したサンプルのピーク面積を100として、被験物質の残存率を算出した。
図6は、PBSにおける残存率を示す。比較例2は、経時的に残存率が低下したのに対し、実施例5は、残存率が低下しなかった。図7は、マウス血清における残存率を示す。実施例5は、比較例2よりも血清中での残存率の低下が抑制された。
GACIの75%でEnpp1遺伝子の両アレル変異が見られる。そこでEnpp1変異マウスを用いてペプチドの薬効を検討した。ICRマウスにEnpp1変異マウス(C57BL/6J-Enpp1asj/asj)の受精卵を移植し、出産後直ちに高リン食(AIN-93Gベース、Ca 0.4%、P 0.85%、Mg 0.04%)で飼育した。オスEnpp1asjマウスは生後4週で離乳し、実験期間を通して高リン食を給餌した。この条件で飼育したEnpp1asjマウスは生後6週頃から徐々に、生後8~10週以降では8割以上で大動脈の石灰化を認める。生後6~7週に右頸静脈カテーテルを留置し、浸透圧ポンプ(Altez社製)により2週間、実施例5を持続投与した。胸部(腹部)大動脈を摘出後、4%パラフォルムアルデヒドPBSで固定し、洗浄後、アリザリンレッド0.5%KOHで染色した。組織を洗浄後、70%EtOHに保存した。得られた組織について、実体顕微鏡下で、胸部大動脈のアリザリンレッド陽性領域の石灰化をスコア化した(最大値3)。
図8は、石灰化スコアを示す。実施例5の静脈内投与によって。GACIモデルマウスにおける血管石灰化が抑制された。
7日齢のcaALK2Q207Dマウス(Paul B Yu、外14名、「BMP type I receptor inhibition reduces heterotopic ossification」、Nat Med、2008年、14(12)、1363-1369)にCreリコンビナーゼ組換えアデノウイルス(Ad-Cre、Vector Biolabs社製)を下腿筋(三頭筋)に筋注した(2×107pfu)。翌日、実施例5を腹腔内投与した(0.03mg/マウス/日)。6日目に下腿部を4%パラフォルムアルデヒドPBSで固定し、μCT画像を取得した。
図9(A)に示すように陰性対照では石灰化結節が見られたのに対し、実施例5を投与したマウスでは石灰化が確認されなかった。なお、図9(B)は未処理マウスAd-Cre投与10日後のμCT画像を示す。
リン酸化ASARMペプチドは、内在性石灰化抑制因子であり、実際、上記で検討したようにin vitroにおいて骨芽細胞による基質石灰化を抑制するため、骨形成を抑制するおそれがある。そこで、比較例2を用いて、以下のように毒性、特に骨形成に及ぼす影響について検討した。
体重、飲食摂取量、血液生化学、主要器官重量及び病理組織学に異常な所見はなかった。図10(A)、(B)、(C)及び(D)は、それぞれ骨量(BV)、骨塩量(BMC)、骨密度(BMD)及び骨強度(最大負荷)を示す。いずれの評価項目においても、高用量及び低用量ともにPBSに対して有意差はなかった。
Claims (7)
- 配列番号1に示されるアミノ酸配列において、
(a)N末端から1番目のアスパラギン酸残基と2番目のアスパラギン酸残基、及び
(b)N末端から17番目のグリシン残基と18番目のアスパラギン酸残基、
の少なくとも一方を欠くアミノ酸配列からなり、
配列番号1に示されるアミノ酸配列に含まれるセリン残基の少なくともN末端から11番目、13番目及び15番目のセリン残基に相当する3個のセリン残基の少なくとも2個以上がリン酸化されており、かつ
生体組織石灰化を抑制する作用を有する、
ペプチド又はその塩。 - 配列番号5に示されるアミノ酸配列において、N末端から6番目のアスパラギン酸残基が他のアミノ酸残基に置換されたアミノ酸配列を含み、
配列番号5に示されるアミノ酸配列に含まれるセリン残基の少なくともN末端から9番目、11番目及び13番目のセリン残基に相当する3個のセリン残基の少なくとも2個以上がリン酸化されており、かつ
生体組織石灰化を抑制する作用を有する、
ペプチド又はその塩。 - 配列番号7に示されるアミノ酸配列からなる、
請求項2に記載のペプチド又はその塩。 - 環状である、
請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載のペプチド又はその塩。 - 前記3個のセリン残基がリン酸化されている、
請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載のペプチド又はその塩。 - 請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載のペプチド又はその塩を含有する、
医薬組成物。 - 請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載のペプチド又はその塩を含有する、
生体組織石灰化抑制剤。
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EP4183794A1 (en) | 2023-05-24 |
CA3185994A1 (en) | 2022-01-20 |
JPWO2022014697A1 (ja) | 2022-01-20 |
AU2021309934A1 (en) | 2023-02-23 |
US20230272009A1 (en) | 2023-08-31 |
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