WO2022004997A1 - 화재 억제를 위한 격벽과 단열층이 구비된 전지 모듈 - Google Patents
화재 억제를 위한 격벽과 단열층이 구비된 전지 모듈 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022004997A1 WO2022004997A1 PCT/KR2021/005070 KR2021005070W WO2022004997A1 WO 2022004997 A1 WO2022004997 A1 WO 2022004997A1 KR 2021005070 W KR2021005070 W KR 2021005070W WO 2022004997 A1 WO2022004997 A1 WO 2022004997A1
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- Prior art keywords
- battery module
- partition wall
- battery
- cell stack
- cell
- Prior art date
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Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
- H01M10/0472—Vertically superposed cells with vertically disposed plates
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/627—Stationary installations, e.g. power plant buffering or backup power supplies
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/64—Heating or cooling; Temperature control characterised by the shape of the cells
- H01M10/647—Prismatic or flat cells, e.g. pouch cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/653—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by electrically insulating or thermally conductive materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/658—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by thermal insulation or shielding
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/14—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings for protecting against damage caused by external factors
- H01M50/143—Fireproof; Explosion-proof
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
- H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
- H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
- H01M50/24—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries from their environment, e.g. from corrosion
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/289—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
- H01M50/507—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing comprising an arrangement of two or more busbars within a container structure, e.g. busbar modules
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2200/00—Safety devices for primary or secondary batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/10—Batteries in stationary systems, e.g. emergency power source in plant
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a battery module provided with a barrier rib and a heat insulating layer for suppressing fire, and more particularly, by providing a barrier rib and an air insulating layer between cell stacks or a cell stack and a side cover, thereby preventing ignition conditions in advance to prevent fire. It relates to a battery module that suppresses generation and prevents transfer to adjacent cell stacks even if a fire occurs.
- Secondary batteries that are easy to apply according to product groups and have electrical characteristics such as high energy density are not only portable devices but also electric vehicles (EVs) or hybrid vehicles (HEVs) driven by an electric drive source. It is universally applied. Such secondary batteries are attracting attention as a new energy source for improving eco-friendliness and energy efficiency in that not only the primary advantage of being able to dramatically reduce the use of fossil fuels but also the fact that no by-products are generated from the use of energy.
- EVs electric vehicles
- HEVs hybrid vehicles
- a lithium ion battery As such a secondary battery, a lithium ion battery, a lithium polymer battery, a nickel cadmium battery, a nickel hydride battery, a nickel zinc battery, etc. are known, and a plurality of battery cells are connected in series or parallel to form one battery module or battery pack. .
- An energy storage system which has recently been attracting attention, is a device that can maximize power use efficiency by storing produced electricity in a battery and supplying it to consumers when electricity is needed.
- ESS energy storage system
- UPS uninterruptible power supply
- solar power generation system which is a power generation device that converts sunlight into electrical energy.
- secondary batteries have excellent electrical characteristics, but in abnormal operating conditions such as overcharge, overdischarge, high temperature exposure, and electrical short circuit, decomposition reactions of active materials and electrolytes, which are the components of the battery, are induced, and heat and gas are generated. There is a problem in that the battery expands, a so-called swelling phenomenon occurs. The swelling phenomenon accelerates this decomposition reaction, which may cause explosion and ignition of the secondary battery due to a thermal runaway phenomenon.
- a flare which is a flame that comes out like a flash of light, a part with a weak sealing, a spark, a particle with high heat emitted by the desorption of the internal electrode and the melting of the aluminum current collector, and A high-temperature vent gas is generated.
- they are highly likely to lead to a major accident because they do not only stay at the location, but also move to nearby modules, including battery cells located nearby.
- the patent document discloses a plurality of battery cells arranged so that their main faces face each other; and a barrier rib interposed between adjacent battery cells, wherein the barrier rib has an intaglio-shaped air pocket recessed in a direction away from the main surface of the battery cell along the thickness direction of the barrier rib is formed. This is disclosed.
- the prior literature is a battery pack in which prismatic cells are stacked side by side, and cannot be applied as it is to a battery module composed of a cell case, an electrode assembly, and pouch cells with leads protruding outside the case.
- a thermal runaway phenomenon occurs, it does not play a sufficient role as a thermal insulation layer, and there is a problem in that heat is easily transferred to adjacent cells and fire spreads.
- Patent Document 1 Korean Patent Publication No. 2020-0011816
- the present invention provides a battery module capable of preventing a fire from occurring by blocking the movement of flares and sparks that occur during thermal runaway of a battery cell or from moving a fire to a nearby cell stack. is intended to provide
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a battery module capable of preventing a fire in advance by rapidly discharging air inside the module case along with the vent gas ejected during thermal runaway of the battery cell.
- a battery module capable of preventing the occurrence of a fire by suppressing the movement of heat generated during thermal runaway of the battery cell to a nearby cell stack, and discharging high-temperature heat together with vent gas to the outside. intended to provide
- the cell module assembly 200 including two or more cell stacks 210 in which a plurality of battery cells 211 are vertically stacked is a protective case ( 100) Doedoe accommodated in the inner space, between the cell stacks 210 positioned adjacent to each other, and between the cell stack 210 and the protective case 100, at least one partition wall 300 is provided. characterized.
- a first partition wall 310 is provided between the cell stacks 210 positioned adjacent to each other, and the first partition wall 310 faces each other while being spaced apart by a predetermined distance and has a flat plate shape.
- the protective case 100 includes a pair of side covers 110 facing each other, a lower cover 120 connecting the lower ends of the side covers 110 , a front cover 130 , It is characterized in that it includes a rear cover 140, and an upper cover 150 that is seated on the upper side of the side cover 110.
- both ends of the vertical partition wall 311 are bent and/or curved in the direction toward the cell stack 210 located nearby, the first bent wall 311 ′ and the second bent wall 311 ′′) is provided.
- the first bent wall (311 ') and the second bent wall (311 ′′) is characterized in that it forms a fourth space (S4) and a fifth space (S5), respectively. .
- the vertical partition wall 311 and the cell stack 210 are spaced apart by a predetermined distance to form a sixth space (S6).
- a second partition wall 320 is provided on one side of the cell stack 210 adjacent to the side cover 110 to form a first space portion S1, and the The open surface of the second partition wall 320 is positioned to face the other edge of the cell stack 210 .
- a third partition wall 330 is provided near the other edge of the cell stack 210 adjacent to the side cover 110 to form a second space S2, and the third partition wall
- the open surface of (330) is characterized in that it is positioned to face the open surface of the second partition wall (320).
- a third space (S3) is provided between the side cover 110 and the cell stack 210.
- the cell stack 210 includes a plurality of battery cells 211 , a first bus bar 213 to which negative or positive leads of the battery cells 211 are connected, and a battery cell ( It is characterized in that it includes a second bus bar 214 to which the remaining leads of 214 are connected, and the cell stacks 210 positioned adjacent to each other are connected by a connection bus bar 220 .
- the front cover 130 includes a front plate 131 and a first recessed part 132 , wherein the first recessed part 132 is directed toward the front part of the cell stack 210 . It is positioned on both sides of the front plate 131 in a state of being depressed to a predetermined depth, and a first slit 132 ′ is formed in the first depression 132 so that the electrode lead of the battery cell 211 can pass therethrough. characterized.
- the first slit 132 ′ is characterized in that it is formed by the first inclined plate 132 ′′ inclined at a predetermined angle.
- the rear cover 140 includes a rear plate 141 and a second depression 142 , wherein the second depression 142 is directed toward the rear surface of the cell stack 210 . It is located on both sides of the rear plate 141 in a state of being depressed to a predetermined depth, and a second slit 142 ′ is formed in the second depression 142 so that the electrode lead of the battery cell 211 can pass therethrough. characterized.
- the second recessed portion 142 is characterized in that all surfaces except for the second slit 142' are sealed.
- the second slit 142 ′ is characterized in that it is formed by a second inclined plate 142 ′′ inclined at a predetermined angle.
- a fastening groove 111 protruding outward is provided at the upper end of the pair of side covers 110 , and the upper cover 150 includes a main plate 151 positioned in a horizontal direction and and an auxiliary plate 152 bent downward from the main plate 151 , wherein a second perforated portion 151 ′ is formed in the main plate 151 , and the auxiliary plate 152 is formed on an outer surface of the auxiliary plate 152 . It is characterized in that the fastening protrusion (152') accommodated in the fastening groove (111) is formed.
- the second perforated portion 151 ′ is characterized in that it is positioned vertically above the connection wall 312 of the first partition wall 310 .
- the lower cover 120 is provided with a first perforated portion 121 , and the first perforated portion 121 is perpendicular to the connecting wall 312 of the first partition wall 310 . It is characterized in that it is located in the lower part.
- the present invention is characterized in that it provides a battery pack including the above-described battery module.
- the present invention is characterized in that it provides an energy storage device including the above-described battery module.
- the vertical partition wall and the bent wall are positioned between the cell stacks, it is possible to block flares and sparks generated during thermal runaway from moving to the adjacent cell stack or electrode lead, and thus the fire of the battery module It has the advantage of being able to prevent
- the second and third barrier ribs are positioned to face each other between the side cover and the cell stack, so that flares and sparks generated during thermal runaway are prevented from moving to the adjacent cell stack or electrode lead. It has the advantage of being able to shut off and preventing fire.
- the vent gas ejected during thermal runaway is quickly induced to the outside, and at this time, the air is discharged together, so that it is possible to prevent the occurrence of a flame.
- FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of a battery module according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention viewed from one side.
- FIG 2 is an external perspective view of the battery module according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention as viewed from the other direction.
- FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view illustrating a coupling structure of a lower cover and an upper cover in the battery module shown in FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view for explaining the coupling structure of the front cover and the rear cover in the battery module shown in FIG.
- 5 is a view viewed from various angles to explain the front cover.
- FIG. 6 is a view viewed from various angles to explain the rear cover.
- FIG. 7 is an exploded perspective view for explaining the coupling structure of the partition wall in the battery module shown in FIG.
- FIG. 8 is an enlarged perspective view of a first partition wall
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view illustrating various modified examples of the first partition wall.
- FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing various modifications of the third partition wall
- FIG. 11 is a perspective view viewed from the front in a state in which the front cover and the upper cover are separated from the battery module shown in FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 12 is a plan view viewed from above in a state in which the upper cover is removed from the battery module shown in FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A' of FIG. 1 .
- FIG 14 is a plan view viewed from above in a state in which the upper cover is removed from the battery module according to the second preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- 15 is a cross-sectional view taken along the width direction according to the second preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of a battery module according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention viewed from one direction
- FIG. 2 is an external perspective view of a battery module according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention viewed from the other direction
- FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view for explaining the coupling structure of the lower cover and the upper cover in the battery module shown in FIG.
- the cell module assembly 200 and the partition wall 300 are formed in the inner space of the protective case 100 made of a metal material to form a substantially hexahedron. This is stored.
- a plurality of battery cells 211 are vertically stacked to form one cell stack 210 , and two of the cell stacks 210 are positioned side by side while being spaced apart by a predetermined distance.
- the barrier rib 300 blocks or inhibits movement of flare, spark, vent gas, and heat generated when an event occurs in a specific cell to a nearby cell stack, and is filled in the protective case 100 at the same time. This is to induce the exhaust of the existing air. That is, the first partition wall 310 is positioned between the adjacent cell stacks 210 , and the second partition wall 320 and the third partition wall 330 are provided between the cell stack 210 and the protective case 100 . Detailed descriptions related to these will be provided later.
- the protective case 100 is for physically protecting the cell module assembly 200 accommodated inside, and faces each other while being spaced apart from each other at a distance slightly larger than the width (X-axis direction) of the cell module assembly 200 .
- a plurality of fastening grooves 111 protruding outward are provided at the upper end of the side cover 110 for protecting the side of the cell module assembly 200 by substantially improving the flat plate, and a pair of side covers 110 at the lower end of the lower end The cover 120 is connected.
- the pair of side cover 110 and the lower cover 120 may be manufactured by a known bonding method or manufactured in an integrated state by a known method such as molding.
- the upper cover 150 for protecting the upper part of the cell module assembly 200 includes a main plate 151 positioned horizontally and an auxiliary plate 152 bent from the main plate 151 toward the lower cover 120 . is composed by
- a fastening protrusion 152 ′ that can be accommodated in the fastening groove 111 of the above-described side cover 110 is provided on the outer surface of the auxiliary plate 152 .
- the second perforated portion 151 ′ acts as a passage through which vent gas and hot heat are discharged when an event occurs, and in particular, since the air inside the protective case 100 is discharged together when the high-pressure vent gas is discharged, a fire occurs. can be prevented from doing
- the shape of the second perforated part 151' is alternately formed in a slit shape and a circular shape. in order to be able to respond to each other.
- the first perforated portion 121 for inducing the emission of air and hot heat which is a function of the second perforated portion 151 ′, is also provided in the lower surface cover 120 in the longitudinal direction (Z-axis direction). .
- FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view for explaining the coupling structure of the front cover and the rear cover in the battery module shown in FIG. 1
- FIG. 5 is a view viewed from various angles to explain the front cover
- FIG. 6 is to explain the rear cover It is a drawing viewed from various angles.
- the front cover 130 is located in the direction in which one electrode lead of the cell stacks 210 protrudes, and the rear cover 140 is located in the direction in which the other electrode leads protrude. While fixing the bars, electrical insulation between the protective case 100 and the bus bar and protecting the cell stacks 210 from external shocks applied from the front and rear surfaces are performed.
- the front cover 130 made of a heat-resistant plastic material will be described in detail.
- the front cover 130 includes the front plate 131 and the cell stack 210 at a position slightly spaced apart from both edges of the front plate 131 . It is configured to include a pair of first recessed portions 132 having a predetermined width, height and depth toward the front portion of the .
- the reason for forming the first recessed portions 132 at positions slightly spaced apart from both edges of the front plate 131 is to allow the front cover 130 to be in close contact with the second partition wall 320 , which will be described in detail. will be described later.
- a first slit 132' is provided in the first recessed part 132 so that the electrode lead of the battery cell 211 can pass therethrough, and the first slit 132' is generated around the battery cell lead. Formed by a plurality of first swash plates 132′′ that are inclined downward at a predetermined angle toward the outer surface of the front cover 130 so that flames, etc. pass through the first slit 132' and move to the outside as much as possible. It is preferable to be In detail, all surfaces of the first recessed portion 132 are sealed except for the first slit 132 ′.
- the rear cover 140 made of a heat-resistant plastic material will be described, the rear cover 140 is similar in configuration and function to the aforementioned front cover 130 .
- the rear cover 140 includes a rear plate 141 and a pair of second pairs having a predetermined width, height and depth toward the rear portion of the cell stack 210 at positions slightly spaced apart from both edges of the rear plate 141 . It is configured to include a depression (142).
- the reason for forming the second recessed portions 142 at positions slightly spaced apart from both edges of the rear plate 141 is that the rear cover 140 is in close contact with the third partition wall 330 . In order to be able to do this, a detailed description will be given later.
- a second slit 142' is provided in the second recessed part 142 to allow the electrode lead of the battery cell 211 to pass therethrough, and the second slit 142' is a spark generated around the battery cell lead.
- the back is formed by a plurality of second swash plates 142 ′′ that are inclined upward at a predetermined angle toward the outer surface of the rear cover 140 so as to block the movement of the back to the outside through the second slit 142 ′. It is preferable All surfaces of the second recessed portion 142 are also sealed except for the second slit 142 ′.
- the cell module assembly 200 includes two cell stacks 210 and a connection bus bar 220 for electrically connecting the cell stacks 210 to each other.
- the cell stack 210 includes a plurality of battery cells 211 stacked in a vertical direction, a pad 212 provided one each on the upper and lower portions of the stacked battery cells 211 , and one cell stack 210 .
- a first bus bar 213 for electrically connecting one side leads of the battery cells 211 positioned relatively above in the , and a second bus bar 214 for connecting both leads of the other side of the battery cells 211 . is comprised of
- the battery cell 211 may be a pouch-type battery cell, and includes a cell case for accommodating an electrode assembly (not shown) and a pair of electrode leads.
- the electrode assembly is a jelly-roll type assembly having a structure in which a separator is interposed between a long sheet-shaped positive electrode and a negative electrode and then wound, or a stacked assembly in which a rectangular positive electrode and a negative electrode are stacked with a separator interposed therebetween , a stack-folding assembly in which unit cells are wound by a long separation film, or a lamination-stacking assembly in which battery cells are stacked and attached to each other with a separator interposed therebetween, but is not limited thereto.
- the electrode assembly as described above is accommodated in a cell case, and the cell case is typically composed of a laminate sheet structure of an inner layer/metal layer/outer layer. Since the inner layer is in direct contact with the electrode assembly, it must have insulation and electrolyte resistance, and for sealing with the outside, the sealing property, that is, the sealing portion where the inner layers are thermally bonded to each other must have excellent thermal bonding strength.
- the material of the inner layer may be selected from polyolefin resins such as polypropylene, polyethylene, polyethylene acrylic acid, polybutylene, etc., polyurethane resins and polyimide resins having excellent chemical resistance and good sealing properties, but is not limited thereto, Polypropylene excellent in mechanical properties such as tensile strength, rigidity, surface hardness, and impact resistance and chemical resistance is the most preferable.
- polyolefin resins such as polypropylene, polyethylene, polyethylene acrylic acid, polybutylene, etc.
- polyurethane resins and polyimide resins having excellent chemical resistance and good sealing properties, but is not limited thereto
- Polypropylene excellent in mechanical properties such as tensile strength, rigidity, surface hardness, and impact resistance and chemical resistance is the most preferable.
- the metal layer in contact with the inner layer corresponds to a barrier layer that prevents moisture or various gases from penetrating into the battery from the outside.
- an outer layer is provided on the other side of the metal layer, and this outer layer can be made of a heat-resistant polymer with excellent tensile strength, moisture permeability and air permeability prevention so as to secure heat resistance and chemical resistance while protecting the electrode assembly.
- a heat-resistant polymer with excellent tensile strength, moisture permeability and air permeability prevention so as to secure heat resistance and chemical resistance while protecting the electrode assembly.
- nylon or polyethylene terephthalate may be used, but is not limited thereto.
- the pair of electrode leads are composed of a positive electrode lead and a negative electrode lead, and after the positive electrode tab and the negative electrode tab of the cell assembly are respectively electrically connected, they may be exposed to the outside of the cell case, or the tab may be omitted and directly connected to the cell assembly. .
- the pad 212 usually adheres the stacked battery cells 211 to each other and absorbs the expanded volume during swelling, and also a material with low thermal conductivity, for example, EPP (Extended Polypropylene), EDS, EPDM, etc. It is preferably made of a material having elasticity, insulation, and low thermal conductivity, but is not particularly limited as long as it can perform the same function.
- a thermal barrier layer (not shown) made of an insulating material may be provided so as to be additionally in close contact with the lower surface cover 120 and the upper surface cover 150 so as to reliably block the transfer of hot heat to the adjacent cell stack.
- the first bus bar 213 and the second bus bar 214 for electrically connecting the leads of the battery cells 211 have a plate shape made of a metal material in which a slit is formed so that the leads can pass therethrough.
- the connecting bus bar 220 includes a pair of third bus bar 221 and a connecting bar 222 .
- the third bus bar 221 fixes the remaining leads not connected by the first bus bar 213 in one cell stack 210
- the pair of third bus bars 221 are connected to each other.
- adjacent cell stacks 210 may be connected to each other in series or in parallel.
- a pad 211 a plurality of battery cells 211 , and a cell stack 210 stacked in the order of the pad 211 are prepared. and the leads of the battery cell 211 , for example, the leads facing the front, pass through the first slit 132 ′ of the front cover 130 .
- the upper leads pass through the slit of the first bus bar 213 and are bent and fixed, and the lower leads pass through the slit of the third bus bar 221 , which is the connecting bus bar 220 . After bending, it is fixed through known joining means such as welding.
- the first bus bar 213 and the third bus bar 221 are fastened while seated in the first recessed portion 132 of the front cover 130 , the first bus bar 213 and the third bus bar 221 .
- An increase in volume due to the bus bar 221 may be minimized.
- the pair of third bus bars 221 are connected by a connecting bar 222 bent in an open shape with three sides formed at right angles along the outer shape of the front cover 130 to form a cell stack 210 nearby. ) can be maintained in a state of being energized with each other.
- the battery cell 211 leads facing the rear are bent after sequentially penetrating the second slit 142 ′ of the rear cover 140 and the slit of the second bus bar 214 , and thereafter by known means such as welding. is fixed At this time, since the second bus bar 214 is seated on the second recessed portion 142 of the rear cover 140 , an increase in volume can be minimized as well.
- FIG. 7 is an exploded perspective view for explaining the coupling structure of the partition wall in the battery module shown in FIG. 1
- FIG. 8 is an enlarged perspective view of the first partition wall.
- the partition wall 300 of the present invention prevents thermal runaway products such as flares and sparks from moving to the nearby cell stack 210 and at the same time preventing them from protruding out of the protective case 100 .
- the vent gas and heat are induced and discharged to the second perforated portion 151 ′ of the upper cover 150 and the first perforated 121 of the lower cover 120 , and in this process, the protective case 100 is filled inside. Since the existing air is exhausted together, it becomes a state in which a flame cannot occur.
- the barrier rib 300 for performing the above function is a first barrier rib 310 positioned between the cell stacks 210 and the cell stack 210. It is configured to include a second partition wall 320 positioned near one edge and a third partition wall 330 positioned near the other edge of the cell stack 210 .
- the first partition wall 310 interposed between the cell stacks 210 positioned adjacent to each other and positioned slightly spaced apart from the cell stack 210 has a flare and a spark. It fundamentally blocks movement to the nearby cell stack 210 and at the same time prevents ejection to the front or rear of the protective case 100, and further induces vent gas, heat and air to move in the vertical direction.
- the first partition wall 310 includes a pair of vertical partition walls 311 standing upright while facing each other while being spaced apart by a predetermined distance, and a connecting wall 312 connecting the upper ends of the vertical partition walls 311 to each other. .
- the length (Z-axis direction) of the vertical partition wall 311 is similar to that of the battery cell 211 , and the height is about a flat plate shape enough to be in close contact with the upper cover 150 .
- the connecting wall 312 is to quickly guide the vent gas to the outside while connecting and supporting the pair of vertical partition walls 311 to each other, and one or more opening holes 312 ′ are formed in the connecting wall 312 .
- a second perforated portion 151 ′ is provided in the upper cover 150 , which is on the upper and lower vertical extension lines of the connection wall 312
- a first perforated portion 121 is provided in the lower cover 120 , respectively.
- first bent wall 311 ′ and a second bent wall 311 ′′ are further provided near both ends of the vertical partition wall 311 , that is, both edges of the cell stack 210 , and these first bent walls (311') and the second curved wall (311′′) may have a shape in which two sides of which one side is open are connected at a right angle.
- the vertical barrier rib 311 By providing the vertical barrier rib 311 , the movement of flares and sparks to the adjacent cell stack 210 is blocked, but the blocked flares and sparks are the lead of the battery cell 211 . Since it can move to the vicinity of the front cover 130 or the rear cover 140 where is located, there is still a possibility of ignition.
- first bent wall 311 ′ and the second bent wall 311 ′′ each having a shape where two sides are connected at right angles to both ends of the vertical partition wall 311
- the vertical partition wall 311 The primarily blocked flares and sparks cannot move in the direction of the electrode lead because they are trapped in the first and second curved walls 311 ′ and 311 ′′.
- the second partition wall 320 located near one edge of the cell stack 210, more specifically, near the edge where the side cover 110 and the front cover 130 meet each other, has a flare and a spark. This is to block the side cover 110 from moving in the direction in which the electrode lead is located and at the same time secure a space so that the side cover 110 and the cell stack 210 can be spaced apart by a predetermined distance.
- the second partition wall 320 has an open shape with three sides having one side open at right angles, and one side is open, and the open surface is disposed to face the electrode leads located opposite to each other.
- the third partition wall 330 has the same shape as the second partition wall 320 , and is located near the other edge of the cell stack 210 , only the direction of the open surface is different, and the rest of the configuration and functions are the same. A description will be omitted.
- the flare is primarily blocked by the side cover 110 by the second partition wall 320 and the third partition wall 330 positioned to face each other. (flare) and spark (spark) can block direct contact with the electrode lead because movement is limited by them.
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view illustrating various modifications of the first partition wall.
- the first bent wall 311 ′ and the second bent wall 311 ′′ of the first partition wall 310 can be deformed to trap flares and sparks. do. That is, instead of the shape in which one side is open in which three sides are made at right angles according to the first preferred embodiment, the bending part angle may be different or may be deformed into a shape including a curved part.
- front cover 130 and the rear cover 140 may also be changed to correspond to the deformed first curved wall 311 ′ and the second curved wall 311 ′′.
- FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing various modifications of the third partition wall; As shown in FIG. 10 , the third partition wall 310 is deformable to trap flares and sparks. That is, instead of the shape in which one side is open in which three sides are made at right angles according to the first preferred embodiment, the bending part angle may be different or may be deformed into a shape including a curved part.
- front cover 130 and the rear cover 140 may also be changed to correspond to the deformed external shape of the third partition wall 310 .
- FIG. 11 is a perspective view viewed from the front in a state in which the front cover and the upper cover are separated from the battery module shown in FIG. 1
- FIG. 12 is a plan view viewed from above in a state in which the upper cover is removed from the battery module shown in FIG. 1
- FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA′ of FIG. 1 .
- the first space portion (S1) to the seventh space portion (S7) are additionally provided together with the partition wall 300 described above.
- the first space portion S1 is the second partition wall 320
- the second space portion S2 is the third partition wall 330
- the third space portion S3 is a longitudinal side of the cell stack 210 . and formed between the side cover 110 .
- the fourth space S4 and the fifth space S5 are respectively formed in the first bent wall 311 ′ and the second bent wall 311 ′′, and the sixth space S6 is a vertical partition wall ( 311 ) and the longitudinal vertical side of the cell stack 210 , and finally, the seventh space S7 is between a pair of vertical partition walls 311 .
- a flare or a spark is formed in the first space. It cannot move to the cell stack 210 located on the left because it is gathered in a blocked state in any one or more of the parts S1 to S6.
- the protective case 100 and the partition wall 300 do not maintain a perfect airtight state, the generated vent gas and air pass through the front cover 130 and the rear cover 140 and the seventh space S7 and then the upper surface It is discharged to the outside through the second perforated portion 151 ′ of the cover 150 and the first perforated portion 121 of the lower surface cover 120 .
- the battery cells 211 constituting the cell stack in the present invention are vertically stacked in a plate shape, the volume increases in the vertical direction even when swelling occurs, and the expansion in the lateral direction can be minimized. . Accordingly, the sixth space portion S6 and the seventh space portion S7 may maintain the air insulation layer without being affected by swelling.
- the battery cell separator contracts and a short occurs. Since it is discharged through the second perforated portion of the heat movement is limited, and therefore, a relatively safe temperature is maintained around the cell stack located nearby, so that the shrinkage of the separator can be prevented.
- FIG. 14 is a plan view viewed from above in a state in which the upper cover is removed from the battery module according to the second preferred embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view taken along the width direction according to the second preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- three first and second depressions are provided in each of the front cover 130 and the rear cover 140 , and two first partition walls are positioned one by one between the cell stacks.
- the second embodiment of the present invention is illustrated as having three cell stacks, it is obvious that four or more cell stacks may be continuously arranged while locating one first barrier rib between the cell stacks.
- the battery module having the above configuration may be accommodated in a separate case to constitute one battery pack, and the battery module or battery pack is an energy storage system, an electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle, a plug- It can be used in various facilities or devices including a large-capacity power source, such as an in-hybrid electric vehicle.
- main plate 151′ second perforated part
- auxiliary plate 152′ fastening protrusion
- 311′ 1st bending wall 311′′ : 2nd bending wall
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
- Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Gas Exhaust Devices For Batteries (AREA)
- Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (22)
- 복수개의 전지셀이 수직방향으로 적층된 셀스택을 2개 이상 포함하는 셀모듈 어셈블리가 보호케이스 내부 공간부에 수납되되, 서로 인근하여 위치하는 셀스택들 사이, 및 셀스택과 보호케이스 사이 중 어느 하나 이상에는 하나 이상의 격벽이 구비되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 전지 모듈.
- 제1항에 있어서,서로 인근하여 위치하는 셀스택 사이에는 제1 격벽이 구비되되,상기 제1 격벽은 소정 거리 이격된 채 서로 마주보며 평판 형상을 갖는 한 쌍의 수직 격벽, 및 상기 수직 격벽 상단부를 서로 연결하는 연결벽을 포함하며, 상기 연결벽에는 하나 이상의 개구공이 형성되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 전지 모듈.
- 제2항에 있어서,상기 보호케이스는 서로 마주보는 한 쌍의 측면 커버, 상기 측면 커버들의 하단부를 연결하는 하면 커버, 전면 커버, 후면 커버, 및 상기 측면 커버 상부에 안착되는 상면 커버를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 전지 모듈.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 수직 격벽 양측 단부에는 인근에 위치하는 셀스택을 향하는 방향으로 절곡 및/또는 만곡된 제1 절곡벽과 제2 절곡벽이 구비되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 전지 모듈.
- 제3항에 있어서,상기 수직 격벽 양측 단부에는 인근에 위치하는 셀스택을 향하는 방향으로 절곡 및/또는 만곡된 제1 절곡벽과 제2 절곡벽이 구비되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 전지 모듈.
- 제5항에 있어서,상기 제1 절곡벽과 제2 절곡벽은 제4 공간부와 제5 공간부를 각각 형성하는 것을 특징으로 하는 전지 모듈.
- 제6항에 있어서,상기 수직 격벽과 셀스택은 소정 거리 이격되어 제6 공간부를 형성하는 것을 특징으로 하는 전지 모듈.
- 제3항에 있어서,상기 측면 커버와 인접한 셀스택의 일측 모서리 인근에는 일측면이 개방된 제2 격벽이 구비되어 제1 공간부를 형성하고,상기 제2 격벽의 개방면은 상기 셀스택의 타측 모서리를 향하도록 위치하는 것을 특징으로 하는 전지 모듈.
- 제8항에 있어서,상기 측면 커버와 인접한 셀스택의 타측 모서리 인근에는 일측면이 개방된 제3 격벽이 구비되어 제2 공간부를 형성하고,상기 제3 격벽의 개방면은 상기 제2 격벽의 개방면과 서로마주 보도록 위치하는 것을 특징으로 하는 전지 모듈.
- 제9항에 있어서,상기 측면 커버와 셀스택 사이에는 제3 공간부가 마련된 것을 특징으로 하는 전지 모듈.
- 제8항에 있어서,상기 셀스택은, 복수개의 전지셀, 전지셀의 음극리드 또는 양극리드들이 연결되는 제1 버스바, 및 전지셀의 나머지 리드가 연결되는 제2 버스바를 포함하고,서로 인근하여 위치하는 셀스택은 연결 버스바에 의해 연결되는 것을 특징으로 하는 전지 모듈.
- 제11항에 있어서,상기 전면 커버는 전면 플레이트와 제1 함몰부를 포함하되,상기 제1 함몰부는 셀스택의 전면부를 향해 소정 깊이 함몰된 상태로 상기 전면 플레이트의 양측에 위치하며, 상기 제1 함몰부에는 전지셀의 전극리드가 관통할 수 있도록 제1 슬릿이 형성된 것을 특징으로 하는 전지 모듈.
- 제12항에 있어서,상기 제1 함몰부는 제1 슬릿을 제외하고는 모든 면이 밀폐되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 전지 모듈.
- 제13항에 있어서,상기 제1 슬릿은 소정 각도 경사진 제1 경사판에 의해 형성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 전지 모듈.
- 제11항에 있어서,상기 후면 커버는 후면 플레이트와 제2 함몰부를 포함하되,상기 제2 함몰부는 셀스택의 후면부를 향해 소정 깊이 함몰된 상태로 상기 후면 플레이트의 양측에 위치하며, 상기 제2 함몰부에는 전지셀의 전극리드가 관통할 수 있도록 제2 슬릿이 형성된 것을 특징으로 하는 전지 모듈.
- 제15항에 있어서,상기 제2 함몰부는 제2 슬릿을 제외하고는 모든 면이 밀폐되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 전지 모듈.
- 제16항에 있어서,상기 제2 슬릿은 소정 각도 경사진 제2 경사판에 의해 형성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 전지 모듈.
- 제3항에 있어서,상기 한 쌍의 측면 커버 상단부에는 외측으로 돌출한 체결홈이 구비되고, 상기 상면 커버는 수평방향으로 위치하는 메인 플레이트 및 상기 메인 플레이트에서 아래를 향해 절곡된 보조 플레이트를 포함하되,상기 메인 플레이트에는 제2 타공부가 형성되고, 상기 보조 플레이트 외측면에는 상기 체결홈에 수용되는 체결돌기가 형성된 것을 특징으로 하는 전지 모듈.
- 제18항에 있어서,상기 제2 타공부는 상기 제1 격벽의 연결벽 수직 상부에 위치하는 것을 특징으로 하는 전지 모듈.
- 제3항에 있어서,상기 하면 커버에는 제1 타공부가 구비되어 있으며, 상기 제1 타공부는 상기 제1 격벽의 연결벽 수직 하부에 위치하는 것을 특징으로 하는 전지 모듈.
- 제1항 내지 제20항 중 어느 한 항에 기재된 전지 모듈을 포함하는 전지 팩.
- 제1항 내지 제20항 중 어느 한 항에 기재된 전지 모듈을 포함하는 에너지저장장치.
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US17/800,737 US20230099554A1 (en) | 2020-06-29 | 2021-04-22 | Battery module having partition wall and thermal insulation layer for fire inhibition |
CN202180014268.9A CN115088122A (zh) | 2020-06-29 | 2021-04-22 | 具有用于抑制火灾的分隔壁和绝热层的电池模块 |
JP2022559392A JP2023519400A (ja) | 2020-06-29 | 2021-04-22 | 火災抑制のための隔壁及び断熱層を備えた電池モジュール |
AU2021302997A AU2021302997A1 (en) | 2020-06-29 | 2021-04-22 | Battery module including partition wall and heat insulation layer for fire suppression |
EP21831819.4A EP4087039A1 (en) | 2020-06-29 | 2021-04-22 | Battery module including partition wall and heat insulation layer for fire suppression |
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KR10-2020-0079313 | 2020-06-29 | ||
KR1020200079313A KR20220001228A (ko) | 2020-06-29 | 2020-06-29 | 화재 억제를 위한 격벽과 단열층이 구비된 전지 모듈 |
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WO2022004997A1 true WO2022004997A1 (ko) | 2022-01-06 |
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US (1) | US20230099554A1 (ko) |
EP (1) | EP4087039A1 (ko) |
JP (1) | JP2023519400A (ko) |
KR (1) | KR20220001228A (ko) |
CN (1) | CN115088122A (ko) |
AU (1) | AU2021302997A1 (ko) |
WO (1) | WO2022004997A1 (ko) |
Cited By (1)
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EP4213284A1 (en) * | 2022-01-14 | 2023-07-19 | SK On Co., Ltd. | Battery pack |
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KR20240056202A (ko) | 2022-10-21 | 2024-04-30 | 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 | 내화버스바 및 이를 구비한 배터리 팩 |
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KR20240058547A (ko) | 2022-10-26 | 2024-05-03 | 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 | 내화버스바 및 이를 구비한 배터리 팩 |
KR20240059147A (ko) | 2022-10-27 | 2024-05-07 | 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 | 캡 일체형 내화버스바 및 이를 구비한 배터리 팩 |
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KR20240062377A (ko) | 2022-10-31 | 2024-05-09 | 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 | 내화버스바 및 이를 구비한 배터리 팩 |
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AU2021302997A1 (en) | 2022-08-25 |
JP2023519400A (ja) | 2023-05-10 |
US20230099554A1 (en) | 2023-03-30 |
KR20220001228A (ko) | 2022-01-05 |
EP4087039A1 (en) | 2022-11-09 |
CN115088122A (zh) | 2022-09-20 |
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