WO2024048985A1 - 배터리 팩, 배터리 모듈 및 이를 포함하는 자동차 - Google Patents
배터리 팩, 배터리 모듈 및 이를 포함하는 자동차 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024048985A1 WO2024048985A1 PCT/KR2023/010046 KR2023010046W WO2024048985A1 WO 2024048985 A1 WO2024048985 A1 WO 2024048985A1 KR 2023010046 W KR2023010046 W KR 2023010046W WO 2024048985 A1 WO2024048985 A1 WO 2024048985A1
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- pouch
- cell
- cover
- type battery
- pack
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Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
- H01M50/105—Pouches or flexible bags
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
- H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
- H01M50/211—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for pouch cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
- H01M50/24—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries from their environment, e.g. from corrosion
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/271—Lids or covers for the racks or secondary casings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
- H01M50/35—Gas exhaust passages comprising elongated, tortuous or labyrinth-shaped exhaust passages
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
- H01M50/35—Gas exhaust passages comprising elongated, tortuous or labyrinth-shaped exhaust passages
- H01M50/367—Internal gas exhaust passages forming part of the battery cover or case; Double cover vent systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
- H01M50/383—Flame arresting or ignition-preventing means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a battery pack, a battery module, and a vehicle including the same. More specifically, it relates to a battery pack, a battery module, and a vehicle including the same with excellent safety against thermal events.
- This application is a priority claim application for Korean Patent Application No. 10-2022-0110387 filed on August 31, 2022 and Korean Patent Application No. 10-2023-0029360 filed on March 6, 2023. , all contents disclosed in the specification and drawings of the application are incorporated by reference into this application.
- a lithium secondary battery mainly use lithium-based oxide and carbon material as positive and negative electrode active materials, respectively.
- a lithium secondary battery includes an electrode assembly in which a positive electrode plate and a negative electrode plate coated with the positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material are disposed with a separator in between, and an exterior material, that is, a battery case, that seals and stores the electrode assembly together with an electrolyte solution.
- secondary batteries can be classified into can-type batteries in which the electrode assembly is built into a metal can and pouch-type batteries in which the electrode assembly is built in a pouch of an aluminum laminate sheet, depending on the shape of the exterior material.
- a conventional battery pack includes one or more battery modules inside the pack case and a control unit that controls charging and discharging of the battery pack, such as a battery management system (BMS).
- BMS battery management system
- the battery module is configured to include a plurality of battery cells inside a module case. That is, in the case of a conventional battery pack, a plurality of battery cells (secondary batteries) are stored inside a module case to form each battery module, and one or more of these battery modules are stored inside the pack case to form a battery pack.
- pouch-type batteries have advantages in many aspects, such as being light in weight and requiring less dead space when stacked, but they are vulnerable to external shocks and have somewhat poor assembly properties. Therefore, it is common for battery packs to be manufactured by first modularizing a plurality of cells and then storing them inside a pack case.
- thermal runaway, ignition, or explosion occurs in some cells within one battery module, the generated high-temperature gas, flame, or high-temperature internal materials are sprayed and propagated to other adjacent battery modules. ), secondary thermal runaway, secondary fire or explosion may occur, and there is a risk that cells in a plurality of battery modules may sequentially undergo thermal runaway, ignition, or explosion. Therefore, there is a great need for a means to suppress or delay flame transfer between battery modules when a thermal event such as thermal runaway occurs.
- conventional battery packs or battery modules may be vulnerable to thermal events. In particular, if a thermal event occurs inside a battery module or battery pack, thermal runaway may occur, resulting in flames and, in severe cases, explosion.
- the present invention was created to solve the above problems, and the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a battery pack, a battery module, and a vehicle including the same with excellent energy density, assemblyability, and/or cooling properties. It is done.
- Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a battery pack, a battery module, and a vehicle including the same that can ensure excellent safety when a thermal event occurs.
- a battery pack includes a plurality of pouch-type battery cells; a pack case storing the pouch-type battery cells in an internal space; and two unit covers that are at least partially spaced apart, provided to at least partially surround at least some of the pouch-type battery cells among the plurality of pouch-type battery cells in the internal space of the pack case, between the two unit covers. It may include a cell cover configured to allow venting gas to be discharged into the separation space.
- the cell cover may be configured to support the plurality of pouch-type battery cells in an upright state.
- the cell cover may be configured to partially surround the pouch-type battery cell so that at least one side of the wrapped pouch-type battery cell is exposed toward the pack case.
- the pouch-type battery cell includes a storage portion in which the electrode assembly is stored and an edge portion around the storage portion, and the cell cover surrounds both sides of the storage portion and a portion of the edge portion of the wrapped pouch-type battery cell. It can be configured.
- the cell cover may be provided to cover both sides and an upper edge of the housing of the wrapped pouch-type battery cell.
- the two unit covers include a first cover configured to cover the left surface and one edge of the wrapped pouch-type battery cell, and a second cover configured to cover the right surface and the other edge of the wrapped pouch-type battery cell. You can.
- the first cover includes a first upper cover portion configured to surround an upper portion of an upper edge portion of the pouch-type battery cell, and extending downward from one end of the first upper cover portion and covering one side of the wrapped pouch-type battery cell. It includes a first side cover portion surrounding the outside of the storage unit, wherein the second cover includes a second upper cover portion configured to surround an upper portion of an upper edge portion of the pouch-type battery cell, and a portion extending from one end of the second upper cover portion. It includes a second side cover portion extending in a downward direction and surrounding the outside of the other side storage portion of the wrapped pouch-type battery cell, wherein the second upper cover portion extends from the first upper cover portion to an upper edge of the pouch-type battery cell. They may be spaced apart in the negative direction.
- first side cover portion and the pouch-type battery cell may be bonded, and the second side cover portion and the pouch-type battery cell may be bonded.
- the vertical length of the second side cover part may be longer than that of the first side cover part.
- venting gas moves between the first upper cover part and the second side cover part to a venting channel defined as a space between the first upper cover part and the second upper cover part, It may be discharged through between the second upper cover part and the first side cover part.
- venting channel may be formed to be curved by including a bending part in the first upper cover part and the second upper cover part.
- the two unit covers may be configured with one end portions bent toward each other.
- the two unit covers may be configured to overlap each other in the vertical direction with the bent ends at least partially spaced apart so that the venting gas can be discharged.
- Each of the two unit covers may be configured as a bent plate.
- the cell cover may have a mesh structure in the space between the two unit covers.
- the cell cover may have a bending portion formed on the two unit covers to increase the movement path of gas discharged into the space spaced between the two unit covers.
- the battery pack according to the present invention may further include a control module stored in the internal space of the pack case and configured to control charging and discharging of the pouch-type battery cells.
- a battery module is a battery module stored in the internal space of a pack case, and includes a plurality of pouch-type battery cells; a module case storing the pouch-type battery cells in an internal space; and two unit covers at least partially spaced apart, provided to at least partially surround at least some of the plurality of pouch-type battery cells in the internal space of the module case, between the two unit covers. It may include a cell cover configured to allow venting gas to be discharged into the separation space.
- a vehicle according to another aspect of the present invention may include a battery pack or battery module according to the present invention.
- the module case, etc. are eliminated, and cooling performance and energy density can be improved.
- a plurality of pouch-type battery cells can be stably stored inside a pack case without the need for a stacking frame such as a plastic cartridge or a separate module case.
- a configuration in which a plurality of pouch-type battery cells are stacked side by side in the horizontal direction while standing vertically can be easily implemented.
- the energy density of a battery pack can be improved.
- the battery cells are directly stored in the pack case without being modularized, it is possible to manufacture a battery pack that does not require a module case for the battery module. Accordingly, by reducing the space occupied by the module case, more battery cells can be placed inside the pack case. Therefore, the energy density of the battery pack is further improved.
- pouch-type battery cells By assembling pouch-type battery cells directly into the pack case of the battery pack, space utilization of the battery pack can be maximized and energy capacity can be significantly improved.
- a pouch-type battery cell having a case made of a flexible material can be easily made into a sturdy form, so that a configuration in which the battery cells are directly stacked inside a pack case or module case can be more easily implemented. Accordingly, assembly and mechanical stability of the battery pack or battery module can be improved.
- the cooling efficiency of the battery pack can be further improved.
- a portion of each pouch-type battery cell is directly exposed to the pack case, so heat from each pouch-type battery cell can be effectively discharged to the outside through the pack case.
- the thermal runaway occurs in a specific battery cell, it is possible to effectively respond to the thermal event.
- the accumulation or discharge of heat corresponding to the ignition source can be blocked or appropriately controlled.
- venting gas emission control, directional venting, and spark blocking can be implemented.
- a battery pack and a battery module with increased safety against thermal runaway, fire, explosion, etc., that is, thermal safety are provided.
- a battery module including a plurality of battery cells and a battery pack including a plurality of battery modules radio waves to surrounding battery cells or battery modules can be stably blocked when some battery cells or battery modules generate heat.
- the safety of the battery pack can be improved.
- gas discharged from each battery cell can be smoothly discharged to the outside.
- the discharge direction of gas or flame discharged from a battery cell can be controlled. Accordingly, thermal runaway propagation between adjacent battery cells can be effectively prevented.
- Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view showing some components of a battery pack separated according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 2 is an exploded perspective view schematically showing the configuration of a pouch-type battery cell and a cell cover stored inside a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 3 is a perspective view schematically showing the combined configuration of a pouch-type battery cell and a cell cover stored inside a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 4 is a Y-Z cross-sectional view of Figure 3.
- Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the combined configuration of a pouch-type battery cell and a cell cover stored inside a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the combined configuration of a pouch-type battery cell stored in a battery pack and a cell cover according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 7 is a diagram schematically showing a partial cross-sectional configuration of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 8 is a diagram schematically showing a partial cross-sectional configuration of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 9 is a diagram schematically showing the configuration of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 10 is a diagram schematically showing the configuration of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view showing some components of a battery pack separated according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 2 is an exploded perspective view schematically showing the configuration of a pouch-type battery cell and a cell cover stored inside a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 3 is a perspective view schematically showing the combined configuration of a pouch-type battery cell and a cell cover stored inside a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 4 is a Y-Z cross-sectional view of Figure 3.
- a battery pack 10 includes a plurality of pouch-type battery cells 100, a pack case 300, and a cell cover 200.
- the pouch-type battery cell 100 is a pouch-type secondary battery and may include an electrode assembly, an electrolyte, and a pouch exterior material.
- a plurality of such pouch-type battery cells 100 may be included in the battery pack 10 .
- these plurality of pouch-type battery cells 100 may be stacked in at least one direction.
- a plurality of pouch-type battery cells 100 may be stacked and arranged in a horizontal direction, for example, in a left-right direction (Y-axis direction in the drawing).
- the plurality of pouch-type battery cells 100 may be arranged in the front-back direction (X-axis direction in the figure) as shown in FIG. 1.
- the plurality of pouch-type battery cells 100 may be arranged in a horizontal direction, forming a plurality of rows in the left-right and horizontal directions.
- a plurality of pouch-type battery cells 100 may be stacked with two cell rows arranged in the left and right directions in the front-back direction.
- the battery pack according to the present invention can employ various types of pouch-type battery cells 100 known at the time of filing of the present invention, and therefore detailed description of the configuration of such pouch-type battery cells 100 will be omitted. .
- the pack case 300 has an empty space formed therein and can accommodate a plurality of pouch-type battery cells 100.
- the pack case 300 may include an upper case 310 and a lower case 320, as shown in FIG. 1 .
- the lower case 320 is configured in the form of a box with an open top and can accommodate a plurality of battery cells in the internal space.
- the upper case 310 may be configured in the form of a cover that covers the upper opening of the lower case 320. At this time, the upper case 310 may be configured in the form of a box with an open bottom.
- the cell cover 200 along with a plurality of pouch-type battery cells 100 may be accommodated in the internal space of the pack case 300.
- the pack case 300 may be made of plastic or metal.
- the pack case 300 may adopt exterior materials of various battery packs known at the time of filing the present invention.
- the cell cover 200 may be configured to surround the pouch-type battery cell 100 in the internal space of the pack case 300. That is, the cell cover 200 may be configured to cover at least some of the pouch-type battery cells 100 among the plurality of pouch-type battery cells 100 included in the battery pack 10. Furthermore, the cell cover 200 may be provided to at least partially cover the pouch-type battery cell 100.
- the cell cover 200 may be configured to surround one or more pouch-type battery cells 100.
- one cell cover 200 is shown surrounding two pouch-type battery cells 100 .
- the cell cover 200 may be configured to surround two or more pouch-type battery cells 100 together.
- Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the combined configuration of a pouch-type battery cell and a cell cover stored inside a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- one cell cover 200 is shown surrounding one pouch-type battery cell 100.
- one cell cover 200 may be configured to cover only one pouch-type battery cell 100.
- the cell cover 200 is individually coupled to each pouch-type battery cell 100 among the plurality of pouch-type battery cells 100.
- the cell cover 200 may be at least partially adhered to the outer surface of the battery cell 100.
- the cell cover 200 may have its inner surface adhered to the receiving portion of the pouch-type battery cell 100.
- the member for adhesion may be thermally conductive. Through this adhesion, the cell cover 200 is firmly coupled to the battery cell 100 and can help discharge heat generated in the battery cell 100 to the outside of the battery cell 100.
- One or more cell covers 200 may be included in the battery pack.
- the plurality of cell covers 200 may be spaced apart from each other.
- the plurality of cell covers 200 may be spaced apart in the X-axis direction. Direct heat transfer between the cell covers 200 can be blocked through the spaced apart space.
- separate members required to construct the battery pack 10 can be inserted through the spaced apart space.
- an insulating pad, a flame suppression pad, etc. may be interposed at least partially between the plurality of cell covers 200. Such an insulating pad or flame suppression pad can prevent heat or flame that may occur within one cell cover 200 from being transferred to the other cell cover 200 and affecting other battery cells 100.
- the flame suppression pad may be formed of a heat-resistant resin such as vinyl chloride resin, a material such as silicon or ceramic, a composite of a heat-resistant resin and a ceramic or glass filler, or a metal plate coated with insulation, but this is an example and a flame retardant material. This is enough. It is desirable if the battery cell 100 is made of a material that does not decompose, melt, or ignite at least up to the temperature at which thermal runaway occurs (for example, 150°C to 200°C).
- an adhesive member may be interposed between the cell covers 200.
- an adhesive member may be interposed in a portion where the two cell covers 200 face each other to adhesively fix them.
- the cell cover 200 may be configured to group and unitize a plurality of pouch-type battery cells 100 included in the battery pack.
- one cell cover 200 can be said to constitute one cell unit.
- one cell unit may include one or a plurality of pouch-type battery cells 100.
- FIG. 2 one cell unit is shown, as indicated by 'U1', and in FIG. 1, a plurality of cell units are shown.
- the battery pack 10 may include a plurality of cell units, and in this case, it can be said that a plurality of cell covers 200 are included in the battery pack.
- the battery pack may include the same number of cell covers 200 as the number of pouch-type battery cells 100.
- the battery pack may include a smaller number of cell covers 200 than the number of pouch-type battery cells 100.
- each cell group surrounded by the cell cover 200 may be expressed as a cell bank unit in addition to a cell unit.
- the pouch-type battery cells 100 within the cell unit or cell bank may include series and/or parallel electrical connections through a bus bar or the like.
- the cell cover 200 may be configured to support a plurality of pouch-type battery cells 100 in an upright state. As shown in FIG. 2, each pouch-type battery cell 100 has two large surfaces, and the corners of the large surfaces may have sealing portions or folded portions of the pouch exterior material. Therefore, it is generally difficult to stack the pouch-type battery cells 100 in a vertical direction with the narrow surface facing down.
- the cell cover 200 surrounds one or more pouch-type battery cells 100 and supports the erect state, that is, the standing state, of the wrapped pouch-type battery cells 100. It can be configured to do so.
- the cell cover 200 may be configured so that a plurality of pouch-type battery cells 100 can be stacked horizontally while standing vertically.
- a plurality of cell covers 200 are stacked on each other in the horizontal direction, and each cell cover 200 includes one or more pouch-type battery cells 100.
- each cell cover 200 includes one or more pouch-type battery cells 100.
- the configuration in which the plurality of pouch-type battery cells 100 are stacked side by side in the horizontal direction when each is erected can be stably maintained by the cell cover 200.
- the cell cover 200 can be configured to stand on its own in the internal space of the pack case 300.
- the cell cover 200 can be configured to maintain an upright position on its own without the help of other components included in the battery pack, such as the pack case 300 or the pouch-type battery cell 100.
- the cell cover 200 may be configured to partially surround the pouch-type battery cell so that at least one side of the wrapped pouch-type battery cell is exposed to the outside. That is, the cell cover 200 may be configured to only partially cover the pouch-type battery cell 100, rather than completely covering the entire pouch-type battery cell 100. In particular, the cell cover 200 may be configured so that at least one side of the pouch-type battery cell 100 is exposed toward the pack case 300. In this respect, the cell cover 200 may be referred to by terms such as a cell sleeve.
- the cell cover 200 is configured to surround two pouch-type battery cells 100, and includes the wrapped pouch-type battery cells 100, i.e.
- the lower portion of the battery cell 100 accommodated in the internal space may not be surrounded by the cell cover 200. Accordingly, the lower part of the battery cell 100 is exposed toward the pack case 300 and can directly face the pack case 300.
- the lower portion of the battery cell 100 may be exposed toward the bottom surface of the lower case 320.
- the pouch-type battery cell 100 and the cell cover 200 can be directly mounted on the pack case 300.
- the lower ends of the pouch-type battery cell 100 and the cell cover 200 may be seated on the upper bottom of the pack case 300.
- the cell cover 200 may be directly seated on the bottom surface of the lower case 320 in the embodiment of FIG. 1 .
- a part of the cell cover 200 for example, the lower end of the cell cover 200 indicated by 'C1' in FIG. 2 may be seated in direct contact with the bottom surface of the lower case 320.
- the cell cover 200 may be configured to maintain the seated state stably.
- the cell cover 200 is made of a metal material with excellent rigidity such as steel, especially stainless steel (SUS), the self-standing state can be maintained more stably. Therefore, in this case, the standing state of the pouch-type battery cell 100 can be more reliably supported.
- SUS stainless steel
- the cell cover 200 may be configured to support the battery cell accommodated therein.
- the cell cover 200 may be configured to stably support the upright state of the battery cell accommodated therein.
- the cell cover 200 may be configured to support the stacked state of the plurality of pouch-type battery cells 100 inside the pack case 300 through a structure that surrounds the battery cells.
- a plurality of pouch-type battery cells 100 may be stacked in the horizontal direction (Y-axis direction in the drawing) as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 .
- the cell cover 200 may be configured to stably maintain the stacked state of the plurality of pouch-type battery cells 100 stacked in the horizontal direction.
- a plurality of pouch-type battery cells 100 can be directly seated and stored inside the pack case 300 without a module case.
- the exterior material is made of a soft material, so it is vulnerable to external shock and has low hardness. Therefore, it is not easy to store the pouch-type battery cell 100 itself inside the pack case 300 without storing it in the module case.
- the plurality of pouch-type battery cells 100 are combined with the cell cover 200 in a state in which at least a portion is surrounded by the cell cover 200, and are directly stored inside the pack case 300. And the stacked state can be maintained stably.
- a CTP (Cell To Pack) type battery pack using the pouch-type battery cell 100 can be implemented more efficiently. That is, in the case of the present invention, rather than storing the pouch-type battery cell 100 inside a separate module case and storing this module case inside the pack case 300, the pouch-type battery cell 100 is directly placed in the pack case. (300)
- the battery pack 10 may be provided to be stored inside. At this time, at least one side of the pouch-type battery cell 100 may be exposed to the outside of the cell cover 200 and may be arranged to directly face the pack case 300.
- the battery pack 10 there is no need to additionally provide the battery pack 10 with a module case, a stacking frame, or fastening members such as bolts for maintaining the stacked state of the cells. Accordingly, the space occupied by other components, such as a module case or a stacking frame, or the resulting space for securing tolerances can be eliminated. Therefore, since the battery cells can occupy more space as the space removed, the energy density of the battery pack can be further improved.
- the volume and weight of the battery pack can be reduced and the manufacturing process can be simplified.
- the assembling of a battery pack can be improved.
- the process of preparing a battery module by storing pouch-type battery cells in a module case, the process of storing one or more battery modules thus prepared in a pack case, etc. may not be performed. Accordingly, the manufacturing process can be simplified and manufacturing time can be reduced.
- handling of the pouch-type battery cell 100 may become easier.
- the pouch-type battery cells 100 can be held by a jig or the like.
- the jig may hold the cell cover 200 surrounding the pouch-type battery cell 100 without directly holding the pouch-type battery cell 100. Accordingly, damage or breakage of the pouch-type battery cell 100 caused by the jig can be prevented.
- the cell cover 200 is coupled to the pouch-type battery cell 100, so that the pouch-type battery cell 100 can be effectively protected without a module case.
- the cooling performance of the battery pack can be secured more effectively.
- the pouch-type battery cell 100 and the pack case 300 can be in direct contact with each other through the open end of the cell cover 200. That is, one side of the pouch-type battery cell 100 disposed adjacent to the open end of the cell cover 200 may directly face or contact the pack case 300. Accordingly, the heat emitted from each pouch-type battery cell 100 is directly transferred to the pack case 300, and cooling performance can be improved.
- efficient cooling performance can be implemented. In this case, there may not be space between the pouch-type battery cells 100 for a refrigerant such as air to flow in.
- the cell cover 200 is opened, which may be advantageous in reducing the weight of the battery pack.
- the cell cover 200 is made of a material such as steel, if the lower end of the cell cover 200 is formed in an open form, the weight of the cell cover 200 can be reduced by the amount of the lower plate.
- the battery pack 10 may include many cell covers 200, and if all cell covers 200 do not have a lower plate and are formed in an open form, the battery pack 10 (10) The weight can be significantly reduced.
- a long cell having a long length in a specific direction can be more easily prepared.
- the process of inserting the electrode assembly into the square case may not be easy.
- problems such as damage to the electrode assembly may occur during the insertion process of the electrode assembly.
- lengthening the length of the pouch-type battery cell 100 and the cell cover 200 in one direction is used for molding the pouch exterior material, manufacturing the electrode assembly, and the cell cover 200. It can be easily implemented at the manufacturing stage.
- the process of inserting a long cell manufactured in this way to be long in one direction through the open side (for example, the lower part) of the cell cover 200 can be easily performed. Therefore, according to this aspect of the present invention, even when manufacturing the battery pack 10 using long cells, excellent assembly, processability, productivity, etc. can be secured.
- each pouch-type battery cell 100 may have a storage portion indicated by 'R' and an edge portion indicated by 'E1' to 'E4'.
- the storage portion R may be a portion that accommodates an electrode assembly composed of a positive electrode plate and a negative electrode plate stacked on top of each other with a separator interposed therebetween. Additionally, electrolyte solution can be stored in this storage portion (R). Additionally, the edge portions E1 to E4 may be arranged to surround the storage portion R.
- the edge portion may be a sealing portion in which the pouch exterior material, which is a case of a pouch-type battery cell, is sealed.
- the edge portion may be a sealing portion in which the pouch exterior material, which is a case of a pouch-type battery cell, is sealed.
- the edge portion may be a sealing portion in which the pouch exterior material, which is a case of a pouch-type battery cell, is sealed.
- the edge portion may be a sealing portion in which the pouch exterior material, which is a case of a pouch-type battery cell, is sealed.
- the edge portion may be a sealing portion in which the pouch exterior material, which is a case of a pouch-type battery cell, is sealed.
- the edge portion E1 to E4 may be sealing parts.
- some of the four edge portions E1 to E4 may be configured in a folded form rather than a sealing portion.
- the upper edge portion E1, the front edge portion E3, and the rear edge portion E4 are all sealing portions, but the lower edge portion E2 is a pouch exterior
- the upper edge portion E1 may be a so-called Double Side Folding (DSF) portion as a sealing portion of the pouch-type battery cell 100
- the lower edge portion E2 may be a pouch-type battery cell 100. It may be an unsealed portion of the battery cell 100.
- DSF Double Side Folding
- a battery cell in which all four edge portions (E1 to E4) are sealed can be referred to as a four-side sealing cell
- a battery cell in which three edge portions (E1, E3, and E4) are sealed can be referred to as a three-side sealing cell.
- the cell cover 200 surrounds both sides of the storage portion (R) and a portion of the edge portions (E1 to E4) of the pouch-type battery cell 100, which may be a 4-side sealing cell or a 3-side sealing cell. It can be configured. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, when one cell cover 200 is configured to surround one pouch-type battery cell 100, the cell cover 200 covers the same pouch-type battery cell 100.
- one cell cover 200 may be configured to surround both surfaces of the receiving portion R (for example, the left and right surfaces of the same receiving portion R) and a portion of the edge portion of the corresponding battery cell 100 from the outside.
- one cell cover 200 when one cell cover 200 is configured to surround a plurality of pouch-type battery cells 100, for example, a plurality of battery cells arranged in the left and right directions, the outer surface of the storage portion of the outermost battery cell, It may be configured to surround one edge portion of the entire battery cell.
- one cell cover 200 may be configured to surround two pouch-type battery cells 100 stacked in the left and right directions. At this time, the cell cover 200 may be configured to cover the left surface of the left battery cell, one edge portion of two battery cells, and the right surface of the right battery cell.
- a configuration that supports and protects one or more pouch-type battery cells 100 can be easily implemented as a single cell cover 200. Additionally, according to the above-mentioned configuration, a process of handling one or more pouch-type battery cells 100 through the cell cover 200 can be easily and safely performed. Additionally, according to the above-mentioned configuration, one cell cover 200 can face the surfaces of the two storage portions R with respect to the pouch-type battery cell 100 accommodated therein. Accordingly, cooling performance between the storage portion R and the cell cover 200 can be further improved. In particular, in this case, surface cooling is implemented through the large surface of the storage portion (R), so cooling efficiency can be improved.
- the cell cover 200 may be configured to surround an edge portion not provided with an electrode lead among several edge portions of the pouch-type battery cell 100 accommodated therein.
- the pouch-type battery cell 100 may be provided with two electrode leads 110, that is, a positive electrode lead and a negative electrode lead.
- the two electrode leads may be located on the front edge portion E3 and the rear edge portion E4, respectively.
- the cell cover may be configured to surround one of the remaining two edge parts (E1, E2) excluding the front edge part (E3) and the rear edge part (E4).
- the cell cover 200 may be provided in a form that covers both sides and the upper edge portion E1 of the storage portion R with respect to one or more pouch-type battery cells 100 accommodated and wrapped therein.
- the cell cover 200 includes, for one pouch-type battery cell 100, the left and right surfaces of the storage portion (R), and the upper edge portion ( It can be configured to surround all of E1).
- the cell cover 200 when the cell cover 200 is configured to surround two pouch-type battery cells 100 stacked in the left and right directions as shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the cell cover 200 has the number of left battery cells It may be configured to surround the left surface of the payment, the upper edge portions E1 of the two battery cells, and the right surface of the storage portion of the right battery cell.
- a structure that supports and protects one or more battery cells can be easily implemented as a single cell cover 200.
- the lower edge portion E2 is located adjacent to the open end of the cell cover 200 and faces the pack case 300 without being surrounded by the cell cover 200, It may be in direct contact with the pack case 300. Accordingly, heat from the pouch-type battery cell 100 wrapped by the cell cover 200 can be quickly and smoothly discharged toward the pack case 300 below. Accordingly, the cooling performance of the battery pack 10 can be secured more effectively.
- this configuration can be implemented more effectively when cooling is mainly performed at the bottom of the pack case 300.
- cooling may occur mainly in the lower part of the pack case 300 because it is mounted on the lower part of the vehicle body.
- the lower edge portion E2 of each pouch-type battery cell 100 is in face-to-face contact with the pack case 300, heat is generated from each battery cell 100 toward the pack case 300. As this is delivered quickly, cooling performance can be further improved.
- the upper edge portion E1 which serves as a sealed portion, may be relatively more vulnerable to the discharge of high-temperature gas or flame than the lower edge portion E2, which is an unsealed portion.
- the upper edge portion E1, which is a sealing portion is disposed to face the cell cover 200, which may be more advantageous for directional venting.
- the cell cover 200 may be made of various materials to ensure rigidity.
- the cell cover 200 may be made of a metal material. In the case of this metal material, the stacked state of the pouch-type battery cells 100 can be maintained more stably and the pouch-type battery cells 100 can be more safely protected from external shock.
- the cell cover 200 may be made of steel or SUS.
- the cell cover 200 may be entirely made of SUS material.
- the cell cover 200 made of SUS may have a thickness of approximately 2 mm.
- the cell cover 200 when the cell cover 200 is made of a steel material, it has excellent mechanical strength and rigidity, and thus can more stably support the stacked state of the pouch-type battery cells 100. Additionally, in this case, it is possible to more effectively prevent damage or breakage of the pouch-type battery cell 100 from external impacts, such as needles. Additionally, in this case, handling of the pouch-type battery cell may become easier.
- the cell cover 200 when the cell cover 200 is made of a steel material, due to its high melting point, when a flame occurs from the battery cell 100, the overall structure can be stably maintained.
- the melting point is higher than that of aluminum materials, so they do not melt even with flame emitted from the battery cell 100 and their shape can be stably maintained. Accordingly, excellent flame propagation prevention and delay effects between battery cells 100, venting control effects, etc. can be secured.
- the cell cover 200 may include a first cover 210 and a second cover 220, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 5. Additionally, the cell cover 200 may be configured to allow venting gas to be discharged into the space S between the two unit covers 210 and 220. For example, referring to FIGS. 4 and 5, the cell cover 200 allows venting gas to be discharged as indicated by an arrow through the space S formed between the two unit covers 210 and 220. can do.
- the pouch-type battery cell 100 is light, has a low possibility of electrolyte leakage, and has flexibility in shape, so it has the advantage of being able to implement a secondary battery of the same capacity with a smaller volume and mass. Because there is a risk of explosion, ensuring safety is one of the important tasks. Overheating of the pouch-type battery cell 100 occurs for various reasons, one of which is when an overcharge exceeding the limit flows through the pouch-type battery cell 100. When overcurrent flows, the pouch-type battery cell 100 generates heat by Joule heat, so the internal temperature of the battery cell 100 rapidly increases. A rapid rise in temperature may cause a decomposition reaction of the electrolyte and generate gas.
- the cell cover 200 included in the battery pack 10 is configured to allow venting gas to be discharged into the space S between the two unit covers 210 and 220, thereby eliminating secondary This ensures the safety of the battery.
- the first cover 210 may be configured to cover the left surface and one edge of the wrapped pouch-type battery cell 100.
- the second cover 220 may be configured to cover the right surface and the other edge of the wrapped pouch-type battery cell 100.
- the first cover 210 and the second cover 220 are each configured in an L shape, and the cell cover 200 according to this embodiment of the present invention includes two L-shaped unit covers ((210, 220) ) can be said to be formed by combining them with each other.
- first cover 210 and the second cover 220 may be configured to surround the upper edge of the pouch-type battery cell 100.
- first cover 210 and the second cover 220 are shown only as spaced apart from each other, but in this space S, two unit covers A support portion may be provided to support the space S between (210, 220). Additionally, these two unit covers 210 and 220 may be fastened to each other by various fastening methods such as welding, adhesion, fitting, and hooking.
- the two unit covers 210 and 220 may be configured with one end portions bent toward each other.
- the upper end of the first cover 210 may be bent in the right direction
- the upper end of the second cover 220 may be bent in the left direction.
- the upper end of the first cover 210 and the upper end of the second cover 220 may be overlapped in the vertical direction while being at least partially spaced apart.
- Each of the two unit covers 210 and 220 may be configured as a bent plate.
- each of the two unit covers 210 and 220 may be configured to cover one or more pouch-type battery cells 100 by bending one end of a plate at about 90 degrees.
- the cell cover 200 may be configured to cover both sides and upper edges of at least some of the pouch-type battery cells 100.
- the cell cover 200 consisting of two unit covers 210 and 220, As shown in Figures 2 to 5, it can be said to be provided with two side cover parts that cover both left and right sides of the pouch-type battery cell 100 accommodated therein, and an upper cover part that covers the upper edge. At this time, it can be said that the upper cover part is at least partially formed in a double manner.
- the cross-sectional configuration of the cell cover 200 viewed from the front side can be said to be roughly similar to an 'n' shape. Therefore, in this case, the cell cover 200 may be referred to as 'n-fin'.
- the cross-sectional configuration of the first cover 210 and the second cover 220 viewed from the front can be said to be roughly similar to an 'L' shape. Accordingly, in this case, the first cover 210 and the second cover 220 may be referred to as 'L-fin'. Additionally, the cell cover 200 can be said to be an n-fin formed of two L-fins.
- the first cover 210 includes a first upper cover portion 212 and a first upper cover portion 212 configured to surround the upper portion of the upper edge portion E1 of the pouch-type battery cell 100. It includes a first side cover portion 214 extending downward from one end of the and surrounding the outside of one side storage portion of the wrapped pouch-type battery cell 100.
- the second cover 220 is configured to cover the upper part of the upper edge portion E1 of the pouch-type battery cell 100, and from one end of the second upper cover portion 222. It includes a second side cover portion 224 extending downward and surrounding the outside of the other side storage portion of the wrapped pouch-type battery cell 100.
- the first upper cover part 212 and the second upper cover part 222 are spaced apart in the vertical direction. In this embodiment, the second upper cover part 222 is spaced apart from the first upper cover part 212 in the direction of the upper edge part E1 of the pouch-type battery cell 100.
- the first upper cover part 212 and the second upper cover part 222 may be configured to surround the upper part of the upper edge part E1 of the pouch-type battery cell 100 accommodated therein.
- the portion of the cell cover 200 located between the two side cover portions 214 and 224 and the side of the pouch-type battery cell 100 facing the portion may be spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance. And, this separation space may be configured in an empty form. According to this embodiment of the present invention, a path through which venting gas, etc. moves can be provided due to the empty space formed between the side (edge portion) of the pouch-type battery cell 100 and the cell cover 200.
- venting gas when venting gas is generated from the battery cell 100 accommodated inside the cell cover 200 due to thermal runaway, etc., the generated venting gas is generated at the upper edge adjacent to the first upper cover portion 212. It can move in the front-back direction (X-axis direction) through the empty space between the part E1 and the first upper cover part 212 and the first side cover part 214. Therefore, even if a configuration for discharging venting gas to the outside of the cell cover 200, such as a through hole or cutout as described later, is located in any part of the cell cover 200 or other components, the venting gas is discharged. Venting gas can be moved smoothly and quickly to the area where the configuration is located. Therefore, the internal pressure of the cell cover 200 can be prevented from increasing, and efficient venting control, such as guiding the discharge direction of the venting gas, can be achieved.
- the first upper cover portion 212 may be configured to contact the upper edge portion E1 of the pouch-type battery cell 100.
- first upper cover portion 212 may be configured in a planar shape.
- first upper cover portion 212 has a straight cross-section in the horizontal direction and can wrap the upper edge portion E1 of the pouch-type battery cell 100 in a straight line from the outside.
- the first side cover part 214 may be configured to extend downward from one end of the first upper cover part 212.
- the first side cover part 214 may be configured to extend long from the left end of the first upper cover part 212 in a downward direction (-Z axis direction in the drawing).
- the first side cover portion 214 may be formed in a flat shape. At this time, the first side cover part 214 may be configured in a bent form from the first upper cover part 212.
- the first side cover portion 214 may be configured to surround the outside of one side of the storage portion of the pouch-type battery cell 100 accommodated therein. For example, when one pouch-type battery cell 100 is accommodated in the cell cover 200, the first side cover portion 214 moves the left surface of the housing portion of the accommodated pouch-type battery cell 100 from the left. It can be configured to surround. Here, the first side cover portion 214 may be in direct contact with the outer surface of the receiving portion.
- the second side cover portion 224 may be positioned to be spaced apart from the first side cover portion 214 in the horizontal direction. And, the second side cover part 224 may be configured to extend downward from one end of the second upper cover part 222. For example, the second side cover part 224 may be configured to extend downward from the right end of the second upper cover part 222. Moreover, the second side cover part 224 may also be configured in a flat shape like the first side cover part 214. At this time, the second side cover part 224 and the first side cover part 214 can be said to be arranged parallel to each other while being spaced apart in the horizontal direction. And, the second side cover part 224 may be configured in a bent form from the second upper cover part 222.
- the first side cover part 214 and the first upper cover part 212 may be made of one plate.
- the second side cover part 224 and the second upper cover part 222 may also be made of one plate.
- each of the two unit covers 210 and 220 can be said to be made of several components integrated into one piece.
- each component can be distinguished through a bent part.
- one bent portion may be formed in one plate.
- the first side cover part 214 and the first upper cover part 212 are divided, and the second side cover part 224 and the second upper cover part 222 are divided. It can be.
- forming a bent portion in one plate to form the cell cover 200 can be implemented in various ways, such as pressing or roll forming.
- manufacturing of the cell cover 200 can be made simpler. Accordingly, the manufacturing cost or time of the battery pack can be reduced.
- the mechanical strength and rigidity of the cell cover 200 can be secured at a higher level.
- heat conduction performance through the cell cover 200 is further improved, and cooling performance can be further improved.
- the second side cover portion 224 may be configured to surround the outside of the other side storage portion of the pouch-type battery cell 100 accommodated therein. For example, when one pouch-type battery cell 100 is accommodated in the cell cover 200, the second side cover portion 224 moves the right surface of the housing portion of the accommodated pouch-type battery cell 100 from the right side. It can be configured to surround. Here, the second side cover portion 224 may be in direct contact with the outer surface of the receiving portion.
- the internal space may be limited by the first and second upper cover parts 212 and 222 and the first and second side cover parts 214 and 224. Additionally, the cell cover 200 can accommodate one or more battery cells in this limited internal space.
- the two unit covers 210 and 220 may be configured such that bent ends are at least partially spaced apart from each other to allow venting gas to be discharged.
- the upper bent portions of the two unit covers 210 and 220 may be spaced apart from each other in the vertical direction to form a space S. And, venting gas may be discharged through this separation space (S).
- the vertical length of the second side cover part 224 may be longer than that of the first side cover part 214.
- the length of the first side cover part 214 is indicated as L1 and the length of the second side cover part 224 is indicated as L2. In this case, L2>L1.
- the lower ends C1 of the first side cover part 214 and the second side cover part 224 may contact the bottom surface of the pack case 300. If the heights of the lower ends (C1) of the first side cover part 214 and the second side cover part 224 are the same, the length L2 of the second side cover part 224 is equal to the length of the first side cover part 214. Just by making it longer than (L1), the distance between the first upper cover part 212 connected to the first side cover part 214 and the second upper cover part 222 connected to the second side cover part 224 configuration can be achieved.
- Venting gas passes between the first upper cover part 212 and the second side cover part 224, and is defined as a space S between the first upper cover part 212 and the second upper cover part 222. It moves to the venting channel and can be discharged through between the second upper cover part 222 and the first side cover part 214. In other words, it corresponds to forming an n-fin with two L-fins, but forming a venting channel between the upper gaps between the L-fins. Venting gas can be discharged through these venting channels.
- the discharge direction of flame, etc. can be directed to the space S between the two unit covers 210 and 220.
- flames, etc. can be discharged from the top of the cell cover 200 in the Y-axis direction.
- Directional venting in the desired direction (Y-axis direction) can be achieved by effectively preventing discharged gas or flame from heading toward the upper side (Z-axis direction).
- venting gas can be discharged in one direction through two unit covers (210, 220).
- the discharged gas or flame may not be directed to the upper side.
- a passenger is located on the upper side of the battery pack 10, such as in an electric vehicle, according to the above-mentioned configuration, it is possible to suppress or delay gas or flame from heading toward the passenger.
- flame or gas can be guided and discharged in a preset direction.
- flame or gas generated from the battery cell 100 can be discharged only in a preset direction through the cell cover 200. If the preset direction is not toward the other cell cover 200, flame or gas may not spread to other battery cells 100 disposed adjacent to the battery cell 100 in which thermal runaway occurred. That is, even if thermal runaway occurs in one battery cell 100, the effect of the thermal runaway on the other battery cells 100 can be minimized.
- the first side cover portion 214 and the pouch-type battery cell 100 may be bonded, and the second side cover portion 224 and the pouch-type battery cell 100 may be bonded.
- direct adhesion may be performed between the first side cover portion 214 and the pouch-type battery cell 100 and between the second side cover portion 224 and the pouch-type battery cell 100, as shown in FIG. 6 As shown, it is preferable if indirect adhesion is performed while further including the insulating member 270.
- Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the combined configuration of a pouch-type battery cell stored in a battery pack and a cell cover according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- the cell cover 200 may further include an insulating member 270.
- the insulating member 270 may be made of an electrically insulating material and may be provided on the inner surface of the cell cover 200 where the pouch-type battery cell 100 is accommodated.
- the insulating member 270 may have an adhesive layer on at least one side and be adhered to the inner surface of the cell cover 200.
- the insulating member 270 has adhesive layers on both sides, so that it can be adhered not only to the inner surface of the cell cover 200 but also to the pouch-type battery cell 100.
- the insulating member 270 may be made of a heat-resistant material.
- the insulating member 270 may be formed in the form of a heat-resistant tape in which an adhesive is applied to the surface of a heat-resistant ceramic sheet.
- the insulating member 270 may be a film made of polyimide (PI).
- the thickness of the insulating member 270 may be approximately 0.5 mm.
- the insulating member 270 may be located on both the inner and outer surfaces of the cell cover 200.
- TIM Thermal Interface Material
- TIM may be interposed to increase heat transfer performance between different components.
- TIM may be charged between the battery cell 100 and the cell cover 200, between the cell cover 200 and the pack case 300, and/or between the battery cell 100 and the pack case 300. You can.
- the cooling performance of the battery pack can be further improved.
- TIM is intended to reduce contact thermal resistance between members.
- TIMs can be diverse, including thermally conductive grease, thermal sheets, thermal pads, thermally conductive adhesives, and PCMs (phase change materials).
- the TIM may be any one of a thermally conductive silicone-based bond, a thermally conductive silicone pad, and a thermally conductive acrylic bond.
- Heat-dissipating silicone-based adhesives and heat-dissipating acrylic adhesives are commercially available in one-component or two-component types and can be applied between different components by coating or injection.
- the heat dissipating silicone pad includes a base film such as double-sided tape and release paper on the top and bottom of the pad, and can be applied between different components using an adhesive method after removing the release paper.
- Heat-dissipating silicone-based adhesives, heat-dissipating silicone pads, and heat-dissipating acrylic adhesives have higher thermal conductivity than general adhesives, so they can further increase the amount and speed of heat transfer between different components. Therefore, according to this embodiment of the present invention, the heat dissipation performance of the pouch-type battery cell 100 can be further improved, and the cooling performance of the battery pack 10 can be further improved.
- a plurality of cell units including the pouch-type battery cell 100 and the cell cover 200 may be stored inside the pack case 300 in a stacked form.
- a unit in which a plurality of cell units are stacked is herein referred to as a cell unit block.
- a plurality of cell units may be arranged to be stacked side by side in the horizontal direction in the inner space of the lower case 320, as shown in FIG. 1 .
- a plurality of cell units may be stacked so that each surface of the cell cover 200 faces each other.
- each cell cover 200 may be stacked in the left and right directions with the first side cover portion 214 and the second side cover portion 224 facing each other.
- each cell unit can be stacked in the front-to-back direction.
- a plurality of cell units may be stacked so that the electrode leads 110 protruding in the front-back direction from each cell unit face each other.
- space efficiency can be further improved by eliminating the module case of the battery module.
- one cell unit block arranged in the left and right directions is also stacked in a form of two in the front-back direction, so that the plurality of cells
- the venting gas discharge direction by one cell unit block may be different from the venting gas discharge direction by another cell unit block.
- the venting gas discharge direction by one cell unit block can be configured to be directed toward the pack case 300 and not toward other cell unit blocks.
- the venting gas discharge direction of the left front and left rear cell unit blocks (CUB1 and CUB2) is in the Y-axis direction as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3.
- the arrangement configuration as in FIGS. 1 and 3 can be reversed so that the venting gas discharge direction of the right front and right rear cell unit blocks (CUB3, CUB4) is in the -Y axis direction.
- the present invention when thermal runaway occurs in a specific battery cell, it is possible to effectively respond to thermal events.
- the accumulation or discharge of heat corresponding to the ignition source can be blocked or appropriately controlled.
- venting gas discharge control and directional venting through the cell cover 200 can be implemented. Additionally, according to one aspect of the present invention, even when a thermal event occurs, internal short circuit or structural collapse can be prevented.
- the battery pack according to the present invention may further include a control module 400 stored in the internal space of the pack case 300.
- This control module 400 may include a BMS.
- the control module 400 is mounted in the internal space of the pack case 300 and may be configured to generally control charging and discharging operations and data transmission and reception operations of the pouch-type battery cell 100.
- the control module 400 may be provided in pack units rather than module units. More specifically, the control module 400 may be provided to control the charge/discharge state, power state, and performance state of the pouch-type battery cell 100 through pack voltage and pack current.
- the control module 400 estimates the state of the battery cells 100 in the battery pack 10 and manages the battery pack 10 using the estimated state information.
- state information of the battery pack 10 such as state of charge (SOC), state of health (SOH), maximum input/output power allowance, and output voltage, is estimated and managed. And, using this state information, the charging or discharging of the battery pack 10 can be controlled, and it is also possible to estimate the replacement time of the battery pack 10.
- the battery pack 10 may further include a battery cut-off unit, as shown in FIG. 1.
- the battery disconnect unit (500, BDU) may be configured to control the electrical connection of battery cells to manage the power capacity and function of the battery pack 10.
- the battery disconnection unit 500 may include a power relay, a current sensor, a fuse, etc.
- the battery cut-off unit 500 is also provided in pack units rather than module units, and various cut-off units known at the time of filing of the present invention may be employed.
- the battery pack 10 according to the present invention may further include various battery pack components known at the time of filing the present invention.
- the battery pack 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include a manual service disconnector (MSD) that allows an operator to cut off power by manually disconnecting the service plug.
- MSD manual service disconnector
- it may further include flexible bus bars or cables for interconnecting a plurality of cell unit blocks.
- Figure 7 is a diagram schematically showing a partial cross-sectional configuration of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- the cell cover 200 may have a mesh structure (M) in the space (S) between the two unit covers (210, 220).
- a mesh structure as indicated by M may be located.
- the cell cover 200 may be formed to pass through this mesh structure (M).
- the mesh structure (M) may be composed of a structure that can collect sparks or active material particles contained in the venting gas, such as a hole size that allows such collection, and a material that can withstand temperatures above a certain level. .
- the mesh structure (M) maintains the gas and flame ejection function generated when the battery cell 100 ignites, and prevents the high-temperature active material from moving to the adjacent battery cell 100 even if it is ejected from the exploded battery cell 100. You can. Accordingly, venting gas is discharged, but emission of ignition sources such as sparks is suppressed. Therefore, the present invention can prevent chain ignition such as thermal runaway, fire, or explosion propagating to other battery cells 100, thereby greatly improving safety.
- the mesh structure (M) may be one in which a number of holes are installed on a metal mesh or metal plate. Holes can be formed by removing part of the metal plate by punching or etching. A metal mesh is formed by weaving multiple metal wires together to form a so-called wire mesh.
- the mesh structure (M) is composed of one or more layers, preferably several layers, of two or more mesh metal meshes.
- Mesh is a method of grading based on the size of the mesh, expressed as the number of meshes per inch of length. In other words, mesh refers to a unit that represents the size of the holes or particles of a sieve, and can be said to be the number of meshes in a 1-inch square.
- N mesh N/25.4mm, and for example, if a metal mesh of 2 mesh or more is used, the size of one hole is 12.7x12.7mm 2 or less. Considering only anti-flammability, the smaller the mesh gap, the better, but if the gap is too narrow, it is often blocked by foreign substances such as dust, so be sure to use it appropriately.
- the mesh structure (M) is characterized by being a non-combustible material. These materials can be any material that is difficult to burn. Specifically, any one of copper, aluminum, cast iron, Monel (Ni+Cu), SUS, and steel can be used, but it is not limited thereto.
- the mesh structure (M) is preferably selected from a material that has not only anti-flammability ability to suppress flames, but also mechanical properties to withstand explosion pressure.
- the mesh structure (M) can be used purely by itself or laminated with a polymer resin layer, but is not limited thereto.
- the polymer resin layer includes polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene, polyvinylidene fluoride-trichloroethylene, polymethyl methacrylate, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and polyvinylacetate.
- polyethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer polyethylene oxide, cellulose acetate, cellulose acetate butylate, cellulose acetate propionate, cyanoethyl pullulan, cyanoethyl polyvinyl alcohol, cyanoethyl cellulose, cyanoethyl sucrose, pullulan.
- carboxyl methyl cellulose, acrylonitrile-styrene-butadiene copolymer, polyimide, and mixtures thereof can be used, but is not limited thereto.
- This mesh structure (M) not only splits the flame into small pieces as it passes through, but also causes an endothermic reaction that absorbs the energy of the flame, resulting in a temperature drop and an anti-flame effect. More specifically, the mesh structure (M) has small holes, so gases such as gas or steam can pass through, but it is difficult for flames to pass through. Additionally, when the mixture of combustible gas and air inside the secondary battery is ignited, the mesh structure (M) absorbs and dissipates the heat generated from the combustible gas mixture, thereby lowering the combustion temperature to prevent the gas on the other side from reaching the spontaneous ignition temperature. give.
- the mesh structure (M) is made of a metal material containing numerous holes, making it a heat absorbing plate with a very large cross-sectional area.
- the mesh structure (M) is in the form of a thin plate, it can be appropriately placed in the space (S) within the cell cover 200 and can suppress an increase in the size of the cell unit. Additionally, since the mesh structure (M) has a large number of holes, an increase in weight can also be suppressed. In this way, according to the present invention, an increase in the size and weight of the battery pack 10 is suppressed, and even in the event of a flame erupting from the secondary battery, ejection of flame to the outside is prevented and safety is improved. According to this implementation configuration of the present invention, external discharge of sparks, flames, and high-temperature active material particles contained in the venting gas can be suppressed. Therefore, fire suppression performance can be further improved.
- spark blocking, etc. can be implemented.
- the pack case 300 is made of aluminum to reduce weight, if sparks fly directly into the pack case 300, the pack case 300 may melt and structural collapse may occur.
- sparks can be prevented from flying directly toward the pack case 300, and thus such structural collapse can be prevented.
- Figure 8 is a diagram schematically showing a partial cross-sectional configuration of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- the cell cover 200 may be configured to bend the gas discharged into the space S between the two unit covers 210 and 220.
- the cell cover 200 includes two unit covers (210, 220) to increase the movement path of the gas discharged into the separation space (S) between the two unit covers (210, 220).
- 210, 220) may be formed with a bending portion (B).
- the bending portion B is formed in the first upper cover portion 212 and the second upper cover portion 222, so that the aforementioned venting channel can be formed to be curved.
- the bending portion B may be configured to form irregularities, wave patterns, or curved portions.
- the venting gas discharged into the space S between each unit cover 210 and 220 may have a shape that is bent two or more times during the discharge process.
- the irregularities formed on the two unit covers 210 and 220 are configured to bend the venting gas to move in the vertical direction in order to increase the gas path in the vertical direction, but the irregularities, etc. are in the horizontal direction.
- the venting gas may be configured to move in a bending manner.
- the unevenness and the like formed on the two unit covers 210 and 220 are shaped to be conformal to each other, and the unevenness is only on one of the two unit covers 210 and 220. It is also possible for it to be formed.
- one or more battery modules may be stored in the battery pack.
- the configurations described in the various embodiments described above, particularly the contents of the battery cell and cell cover, may be applied to the battery module.
- Figure 9 is a diagram schematically showing the configuration of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the battery module 20 may be one or more battery modules stored in the inner space of the pack case 300 as shown in FIG. 1.
- the battery module 20 may include a plurality of pouch-type battery cells 100 as described above.
- the battery module 20 may include a module case for storing pouch-type battery cells 100 in an internal space.
- the module case may include a main body frame (MC1) and an end plate (MC2).
- the main body frame MC1 may be configured with the upper, lower, left, and right sides closed and the front and rear sides open. At this time, the upper, lower, left, and right sides may each be configured in the form of a plate, and these four plates may be manufactured in the form of a tube integrated with each other. And, this type of main body frame MC1 may be referred to as a mono frame.
- the end plate MC2 may be configured to be coupled to the opening of the main body frame MC1.
- a module case may include a U-frame, a top plate, and an end plate.
- the left plate and right plate can be integrated with the base plate to form the U-frame.
- the top plate may be coupled to the upper part of the U-frame, and the end plate may be coupled to openings at the front and rear ends of the U-frame, respectively.
- the battery module 20 is provided with two unit covers 210 and 220 that are at least partially spaced apart, so that at least some of the plurality of pouch-type battery cells 100 are pouch-type in the internal space of the module case. It is provided to at least partially surround the battery cell 100 and may include a cell cover 200 configured to allow venting gas to be discharged into the space S between the two unit covers 210 and 220.
- the battery module 20 may include bus bars for electrically connecting the plurality of pouch-type battery cells 100, and a sensing wire for sensing the voltage and temperature of the plurality of pouch-type battery cells 100. You can.
- the battery pack 10 or battery module 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention can be applied to various devices. These devices are typically transportation means such as electric bicycles, electric cars, and hybrid cars, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- the battery pack 10 is suitable for use as a battery pack for an electric vehicle. Additionally, it can be used as an energy source for ESS.
- Figure 10 is a diagram schematically showing the configuration of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- a vehicle V may include the battery pack 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention described above.
- the vehicle V may include, for example, a vehicle that uses electricity as a driving source, such as an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle.
- the vehicle V may further include various other components included in the vehicle, such as a vehicle body or a motor, in addition to the battery pack 10 according to the present invention.
- the battery pack 10 may be disposed at a predetermined location within the vehicle V.
- the battery pack 10 can be used as an electrical energy source to drive the vehicle V by providing driving force to the motor of the electric vehicle.
- the battery pack 10 has a high nominal voltage of 100V or more.
- the battery pack 10 may be charged or discharged by an inverter depending on the driving of the motor and/or internal combustion engine.
- the battery pack 10 can be charged by a regenerative charging device combined with a brake.
- the battery pack 10 may be electrically connected to the motor of the vehicle V through an inverter.
- Battery pack 20 Battery module
- Pouch-type battery cell 200 Cell cover
- first cover 212 first upper cover part
- first side cover part 220 second cover
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Abstract
Description
Claims (20)
- 복수의 파우치형 배터리 셀들;내부 공간에 상기 파우치형 배터리 셀들을 수납하는 팩 케이스; 및적어도 부분적으로 이격된 2개의 단위 커버를 구비하여, 상기 팩 케이스의 내부 공간에서 상기 복수의 파우치형 배터리 셀들 중 적어도 일부 파우치형 배터리 셀을 적어도 부분적으로 감싸도록 마련되며, 상기 2개의 단위 커버 사이의 이격 공간으로 벤팅 가스가 배출 가능하도록 구성된 셀 커버를 포함하는 배터리 팩.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 셀 커버는, 상기 복수의 파우치형 배터리 셀들을 세워진 상태로 지지하도록 구성된 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 팩.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 셀 커버는, 감싸진 파우치형 배터리 셀의 적어도 일측이 팩 케이스를 향하여 노출되도록 상기 파우치형 배터리 셀을 부분적으로 감싸는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 팩.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 파우치형 배터리 셀은, 전극 조립체가 수납된 수납부 및 상기 수납부 주위에 에지부를 구비하고,상기 셀 커버는, 상기 감싸진 파우치형 배터리 셀의 수납부 양측과 에지부의 일부를 감싸도록 구성된 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 팩.
- 제4항에 있어서,상기 셀 커버는, 상기 감싸진 파우치형 배터리 셀의 수납부 양 측면과 상부측 에지부를 덮도록 마련된 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 팩.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 2개의 단위 커버는, 감싸진 파우치형 배터리 셀의 좌측 표면과 일측 모서리를 감싸도록 구성된 제1 커버, 및 감싸진 파우치형 배터리 셀의 우측 표면과 타측 모서리를 감싸도록 구성된 제2 커버인 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 팩.
- 제6항에 있어서,상기 제1 커버는, 상기 파우치형 배터리 셀의 상부측 에지부의 상부를 감싸도록 구성된 제1 상측커버부, 및 상기 제1 상측커버부의 일단으로부터 하부 방향으로 연장되고 상기 감싸진 파우치형 배터리 셀의 일측 수납부의 외측을 감싸는 제1 측면커버부를 포함하고,상기 제2 커버는, 상기 파우치형 배터리 셀의 상부측 에지부의 상부를 감싸도록 구성된 제2 상측커버부, 및 상기 제2 상측커버부의 일단으로부터 하부 방향으로 연장되고 상기 감싸진 파우치형 배터리 셀의 타측 수납부의 외측을 감싸는 제2 측면커버부를 포함하며,상기 제1 상측커버부로부터 상기 제2 상측커버부가 상기 파우치형 배터리 셀의 상부측 에지부 방향으로 이격되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 팩.
- 제7항에 있어서,상기 제1 측면커버부와 상기 파우치형 배터리 셀의 사이, 상기 제2 측면커버부와 상기 파우치형 배터리 셀의 사이가 접착되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 팩.
- 제7항에 있어서,상기 제1 측면커버부에 비하여 상기 제2 측면커버부의 상하 방향 길이가 더 긴 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 팩.
- 제7항에 있어서,상기 제1 상측커버부와 상기 제2 측면커버부 사이를 통해 벤팅 가스가 상기 제1 상측커버부와 상기 제2 상측커버부 사이의 이격 공간으로 정의되는 벤팅 채널로 이동하고 상기 제2 상측커버부와 상기 제1 측면커버부 사이를 통해 배출되는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 팩.
- 제10항에 있어서,상기 제1 상측커버부와 상기 제2 상측 커버부에 벤딩부를 포함하여 상기 벤팅 채널이 굴곡지게 형성된 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 팩.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 2개의 단위 커버는, 일단부가 서로를 향하여 절곡된 형태로 구성된 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 팩.
- 제12항에 있어서,상기 2개의 단위 커버는, 절곡된 단부가 적어도 부분적으로 이격된 상태에서 서로 상하 방향으로 포개져서 상기 벤팅 가스가 배출 가능하도록 구성된 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 팩.
- 제12항에 있어서,상기 2개의 단위 커버 각각은, 하나의 플레이트가 절곡된 형태로 구성된 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 팩.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 셀 커버는, 상기 2개의 단위 커버 사이의 이격 공간에 메쉬 구조를 구비하는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 팩.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 셀 커버는, 상기 2개의 단위 커버 사이의 이격 공간으로 배출되는 가스의 이동 경로가 증가되도록 상기 2개의 단위 커버에 벤딩부를 형성한 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 팩.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 팩 케이스의 내부 공간에 수납되고 상기 파우치형 배터리 셀들의 충방전을 제어하도록 구성된 제어 모듈을 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 팩.
- 제1항 내지 제17항 중 어느 한 항에 따른 배터리 팩을 포함하는 자동차.
- 팩 케이스의 내부 공간에 하나 이상 수납되는 배터리 모듈로서,복수의 파우치형 배터리 셀들;내부 공간에 상기 파우치형 배터리 셀들을 수납하는 모듈 케이스; 및적어도 부분적으로 이격된 2개의 단위 커버를 구비하여, 상기 모듈 케이스의 내부 공간에서 상기 복수의 파우치형 배터리 셀들 중 적어도 일부 파우치형 배터리 셀을 적어도 부분적으로 감싸도록 마련되며, 상기 2개의 단위 커버 사이의 이격 공간으로 벤팅 가스가 배출 가능하도록 구성된 셀 커버를 포함하는 배터리 모듈.
- 제19항에 따른 배터리 모듈을 포함하는 자동차.
Priority Applications (2)
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EP23860667.7A EP4395038A1 (en) | 2022-08-31 | 2023-07-13 | Battery pack, battery module and vehicle comprising same |
CN202380013820.1A CN118077091A (zh) | 2022-08-31 | 2023-07-13 | 电池组、电池模块以及包括其的车辆 |
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KR20220110387 | 2022-08-31 | ||
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KR1020230029360A KR20240030969A (ko) | 2022-08-31 | 2023-03-06 | 배터리 팩, 배터리 모듈 및 이를 포함하는 자동차 |
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KR20220110387A (ko) | 2021-01-29 | 2022-08-08 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 화합물 및 이를 포함하는 유기 발광 소자 |
KR20230029360A (ko) | 2021-08-24 | 2023-03-03 | 한국과학기술연구원 | C19를 포함하는 암 치료 효과 증진용 조성물 및 이의 용도 |
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- 2023-07-13 WO PCT/KR2023/010046 patent/WO2024048985A1/ko active Application Filing
- 2023-07-13 EP EP23860667.7A patent/EP4395038A1/en active Pending
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KR20170142446A (ko) * | 2016-06-17 | 2017-12-28 | 에스케이이노베이션 주식회사 | 이차 전지용 다기능 구조체 및 이를 포함하는 이차 전지 팩 |
KR20210029131A (ko) * | 2019-09-05 | 2021-03-15 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 에너지 저장 모듈 |
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KR20220110387A (ko) | 2021-01-29 | 2022-08-08 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 화합물 및 이를 포함하는 유기 발광 소자 |
KR20230029360A (ko) | 2021-08-24 | 2023-03-03 | 한국과학기술연구원 | C19를 포함하는 암 치료 효과 증진용 조성물 및 이의 용도 |
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