WO2022000955A1 - 一种墙体结构 - Google Patents

一种墙体结构 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022000955A1
WO2022000955A1 PCT/CN2020/130459 CN2020130459W WO2022000955A1 WO 2022000955 A1 WO2022000955 A1 WO 2022000955A1 CN 2020130459 W CN2020130459 W CN 2020130459W WO 2022000955 A1 WO2022000955 A1 WO 2022000955A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
keel
wall
sound insulation
wall structure
structure according
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/130459
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王兵
王洪波
刘明海
徐正东
董占波
Original Assignee
北新集团建材股份有限公司
中建材创新科技研究院有限公司
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Publication of WO2022000955A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022000955A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/74—Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge
    • E04B2/76—Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge with framework or posts of metal
    • E04B2/78—Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge with framework or posts of metal characterised by special cross-section of the frame members as far as important for securing wall panels to a framework with or without the help of cover-strips
    • E04B2/7854—Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge with framework or posts of metal characterised by special cross-section of the frame members as far as important for securing wall panels to a framework with or without the help of cover-strips of open profile
    • E04B2/789—Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge with framework or posts of metal characterised by special cross-section of the frame members as far as important for securing wall panels to a framework with or without the help of cover-strips of open profile of substantially U- or C- section
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
    • E04B1/94—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against fire
    • E04B1/941—Building elements specially adapted therefor
    • E04B1/942—Building elements specially adapted therefor slab-shaped
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/74—Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge
    • E04B2/7407—Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge assembled using frames with infill panels or coverings only; made-up of panels and a support structure incorporating posts
    • E04B2/7409—Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge assembled using frames with infill panels or coverings only; made-up of panels and a support structure incorporating posts special measures for sound or thermal insulation, including fire protection
    • E04B2/7414—Posts or frame members with projections for holding sound or heat insulating fillings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/74—Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge
    • E04B2/76—Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge with framework or posts of metal
    • E04B2/762—Cross connections
    • E04B2/763—Cross connections with one continuous profile, the perpendicular one passing continuously through the first one
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
    • E04C2/284—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating

Definitions

  • This article relates to but not limited to the field of building partition walls, especially to a wall structure.
  • the traditional wall structure is usually composed of light steel joists, wall panels and thermal insulation materials.
  • the light steel joists are arranged between the upper and lower floor slabs to form the skeleton of the wall.
  • the space between them supported by light steel keels is filled with thermal insulation materials.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a wall structure, including a keel frame and sound insulation wall units installed on both sides of the keel frame, the keel frame includes a plurality of vertical keels, and the vertical keels include a bottom plate and The side plates on both sides of the bottom plate, the bottom plate includes a groove-shaped trough plate, and a connecting plate arranged on both sides of the trough plate, and the notch of the trough plate faces one side of the side plate, The two connecting plates respectively connect the two sides of the trough plate with the two side plates, and the cross-sections of the two connecting plates are set in a horn shape with an opening facing one side of the side plates; the sound insulation wall
  • the body unit includes a first wall panel connected to the vertical keel, a vibration-damping keel connected to the vertical keel through the first wall panel on one side, and a second wall connected to the other side of the vibration-damping keel The two ends of the shock
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a wall structure according to an embodiment of the application.
  • Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional schematic diagram of the vertical keel in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 is the vertical keel schematic diagram in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 4 is the through-keel schematic diagram in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 5 is the keel frame schematic diagram in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 6 is the partial enlarged schematic diagram at B of Fig. 5;
  • Fig. 7 is a partial enlarged schematic diagram at A of Fig. 1;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the damping keel in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a vertical keel of a wall structure according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the vertical keel and the through keel in Figure 9;
  • Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the vertical keel and the support card in Figure 9;
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a vertical keel of a wall structure according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a vertical keel of a wall structure according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • the traditional wall structure needs to determine the material and thickness used according to its sound insulation requirements.
  • the traditional wall structure uses sound insulation materials, the sound insulation materials have limited improvement in the sound insulation effect of the wall, and to achieve the ideal sound insulation effect requires a large cost investment, which significantly increases the construction and manufacturing costs.
  • the wall structure of the embodiment of the present application adopts a vertical keel with better structural elasticity, which not only ensures the strength of the wall structure, but also improves the sound insulation performance of the wall structure.
  • the sound insulation effect of the vertical keel of the embodiment of the present application is better than that of the Z-shaped keel, especially in the low frequency range, the advantages of sound insulation and noise reduction are more obvious, and the structure is simple and the processing is convenient. It also provides guidance for insertion through the keel for easy installation and connection.
  • the sound insulation wall unit of the embodiment of the present application includes a first wall panel and a second wall panel separated by vibration-damping keels, so that the sound insulation wall unit has a certain compressibility in the thickness direction, and the sound insulation of the wall structure is improved. Effect.
  • the first sound insulation material layer and the second sound insulation material layer in the embodiments of the present application may be ceramic wool.
  • the ceramic wool has good fire resistance, and the ceramic wool has a porous structure, which has the effect of sound absorption and improves the sound insulation performance.
  • the first wallboard and the second wallboard in the embodiments of the present application may be glass fiber felt gypsum boards.
  • the glass fiber felt gypsum boards have high surface density, high fiber content, and good sound insulation and fire resistance.
  • the wall structure includes a keel frame 100 and sound insulation wall units 200 installed on both sides of the keel frame 100 .
  • the bottom plate 1011 includes a groove-shaped trough plate, and a connecting plate 1013 arranged on both sides thereof, the notch of the trough plate faces the side of the side plate 1012, and the two connecting plates
  • the cross section of 1013 is set in a trumpet shape with the opening facing the side of the side plate 1012 .
  • the above-mentioned sound insulation wall unit 200 includes a first wall panel 201 connected with the vertical keel, a vibration-damping keel 500 connected with the vertical keel 101 through the first wall panel 201 on one side, and a vibration-damping keel 500 on the other side.
  • the second wall panel 202, the two ends of the damping keel are free ends.
  • the vertical keel 101 of the wall structure can improve the sound insulation performance of the wall structure, and the effect of sound insulation and noise reduction can also be improved through the vibration reduction keel 500 in the sound insulation wall unit 200 .
  • the keel skeleton 100 is formed by a plurality of vertical keels 101 and a plurality of through keels 102 which are crossed horizontally and vertically. 102 runs through each vertical keel 101 horizontally. Both the vertical keel 101 and the through keel 102 are formed by bending and pressing steel strips.
  • the vertical keel 101 forms a cross-sectional shape similar to a “convex” shape.
  • FIG. 2 1011 is connected, and an opening 1017 is formed at one end of the two side plates 1012 away from the bottom plate 1011 , and a first flange 1016 bent toward the inside of the opening 1017 is provided.
  • the trough plate is centrally arranged, and the two side plates 1012 are connected to the trough plate through two connecting plates 1013.
  • the plate 1013 is relatively closed from the two side plates 1012 and extends away from the opening 1017 , forming a first protrusion on the bottom plate 1011 that protrudes away from the opening 1017 .
  • the grooved plate is arranged in the shape of a groove on the side facing the opening 1017 and the notch on the side facing the opening 1017, that is, the mounting cavity 700 is formed, and at the same time, the bottom plate 1011 protrudes from the first segment projection to form two second segment projections.
  • the trough plate includes a web 1015 and edge plates 1014 disposed on both sides of the web 1015 .
  • the web 1015 is provided with a plurality of first through holes 1019 penetrating through the keel 102 , and the plurality of first through holes 1019 are along the length direction of the vertical keel 101 .
  • the web 1015 is kept perpendicular to the side plate 1012, so that the through keel 102 is inserted perpendicular to the web 1015 to facilitate insertion.
  • the edge plate 1014 can be set at an inclination or perpendicular to the web 1015 according to the requirements of the wall.
  • the connecting plate 1013 and the edge plate 1014 extending away from the opening 1017 can improve the elasticity of the vertical keel 101 in the width direction. For example, by squeezing the keel in the width direction of the vertical keel 101, the deformation amplitude of the C-shaped keel is larger than that of the C-shaped keel under the same force. It can significantly improve the sound insulation performance of the wall structure.
  • the M-type keel although it has a certain elasticity relative to the C-type keel, due to its own structural characteristics, the elasticity in the width direction of the vertical keel 101 in the embodiment of the present application is limited, so that the keel under the same stress The amplitude of extrusion deformation in the width direction is reduced, and the sound insulation performance is also slightly lower.
  • the web 1015 is provided with a plurality of first through holes 1019 along the length direction of the vertical keel 101 to insert a plurality of through keels 102 , the first through holes 1019 are rectangular holes, and the first through holes 1019 are along the width direction of the vertical keel 101
  • the width is slightly larger than the width of the through keel 102 to restrict the through keel 102 from shaking in the first through hole 1019
  • the width of the first through hole 1019 along the length direction of the vertical keel 101 is greater than the height of the through keel 102 to facilitate the insertion of the through keel 102 .
  • the width of the first through hole 1019 along the width direction of the vertical keel 101 in some exemplary embodiments of the present application is smaller than the width of the web 1015 and is centrally arranged.
  • the width of the web 1015 can be slightly larger than the width of the through keel 102 , so that the edge plate 1014 and the through keel 102 form a clearance fit to limit the through keel 102 , and the first through hole 1019 is along the width of the vertical keel 101 .
  • the width in the direction can be adjusted to be equal to the width of the web 1015 . In some exemplary embodiments, as shown in FIG.
  • the width of the side plate 1012 is a
  • the width of the edge plate 1014 is c
  • the projected length of the connecting plate 1013 in the width direction of the side plate 1012 is b
  • the width of the vertical keel 101 is f
  • the width of the web 1015 is d
  • the projected length of the connecting plate 1013 in the width direction of the web 1015 is e.
  • the width of the edge plate 1014 is the same as the width of the side plate 1012.
  • the ratio can be controlled to be 0.4 to 1, and the ratio of the projected length of the connecting plate 1013 in the width direction of the side plate 1012 to the width of the side plate 1012 can be controlled to be 0.1 to 0.5.
  • the width a of the side panel 1012 is 50 mm
  • the width f of the vertical keel 101 is 73.5 mm
  • the width d of the web 1015 is 43 mm
  • the width c of the edge panel 1014 is 24 mm
  • the web 1015 is also provided with a reinforcing rib 1018 formed by bending the plate, which can improve the strength of the vertical keel 101 .
  • the through keel 102 is a U-shaped keel, and the two side plates of the through keel 102 are correspondingly provided with gaps 1021 .
  • the through keel 102 passes through the first through hole 1019 on the vertical keel 101 , and the bottom and side plates of the through keel 102 can abut against the edge of the first through hole 1019 of the vertical keel 101 , but the through keel 102 is in the length direction of the vertical keel 101 .
  • the keel frame 100 also includes a support card 103, a plurality of horizontally arranged through keels 102 pass through the first through hole 1019 of the upper channel plate of the vertical keel 101, the support card 103 is connected with the vertical keel 101 and It is buckled with the through keel 102 to limit the through keel 102 , that is, the support card 103 relatively fixes the vertical keel 101 and the through keel 102 .
  • both ends of the support card 103 in the length direction can be respectively fixed on the first flanges 1016 on both sides of the opening 1017 by snaps or screws, and the lower end of the support card 103 is inserted into the gap 1021 .
  • the position of the through keel 102 relative to the vertical keel 101 is limited by the support card 103 , so as to ensure the connection stability between the vertical keel 101 and the through keel 102 .
  • the two side plates of the through keel 102 may not have gaps 1021 , and the lower end of the support card 103 is directly clamped on the two side plates of the through keel 102 to ensure that the through keel 102 does not occur along the vertical keel 101 . Movement in the length direction, but the through keel 102 can move along its own length direction.
  • the through keel 102 When assembling the keel frame 100, the through keel 102 can be inserted from one side of the opening 1017 of the vertical keel 101, and the connecting plate 1013 can guide the end of the through keel 102 against it to slide into the installation cavity 700, and the two edge plates 1014
  • the amount of shaking on both sides of the through keel 102 can be limited, so as to guide the through keel 102 to extend toward the first through hole 1019 . Therefore, both the connecting plate 1013 and the edge plate 1014 can provide guidance for the through keel 102 to pass through the first through hole 1019 on the vertical keel 101, which greatly improves the installation efficiency.
  • the edgeless plate 1014 guides the through-keel 102 into the groove, which is not conducive to the alignment of the through-keel 102.
  • the bottom plate 1011 of the vertical keel 101 of the example is provided with a connecting plate 1013 and two edge plates 1014.
  • the edge plate 1014 on the bottom plate 1011 can be further raised so that the through keel 102 is guided by the connecting plate 1013.
  • the guiding effect of the keel 102 moving toward the first through hole 1019 improves the assembly efficiency of the keel frame 100 .
  • the sound insulation wall unit 200 includes a first wall panel 201 and a second wall panel 202 arranged in layers, wherein the first wall panel 201 can be screwed through 600 is fixed to the side plate 1012 of the vertical keel 101 , and a second sound insulation material layer 203 is also provided between the first wall plate 201 and the second wall plate 202 .
  • a second cavity 800 filled with the second sound insulation material layer 203 is provided between the first wall panel 201 and the second wall panel 202 , and a supporting first wall panel is provided between the first wall panel 201 and the second wall panel 202
  • the damping keel 500 of the second cavity 800 is formed by the second wall panel 201 and the second wall panel 202 .
  • the second sound insulation material layer 203 is disposed close to the first wall panel 201 and has a gap with the second wall panel 202 .
  • the first wallboard 201 and the second wallboard 202 may both be laid with glass fiber felt gypsum boards, which have high surface density, high fiber content, and good sound insulation and fire resistance.
  • the first wall panel 201 close to the side panel 1012 of the vertical keel 101 can be composed of one layer of fiberglass felt gypsum board
  • the second wall panel 202 away from the side panel 1012 of the vertical keel 101 can be composed of two layers of fiberglass felt gypsum board, two layers of fiberglass mat gypsum board.
  • Felt gypsum board can avoid the problem of easy cracking of the outer wall.
  • the two layers of glass fiber felt gypsum boards of the second wallboard 202 are staggered and laid, so that the second wallboard 202 is not connected to the gap in the second cavity 800, which can improve the sound insulation and fire resistance performance of the wall.
  • the two side panels 1012 of the vertical keel 101 are respectively connected to the sound insulation wall unit 200 , and the two first wall panels 201 form a first cavity 400 .
  • the first sound insulation material layer 300 is attached to any of the sound insulation wall units 200 and has a gap with the other sound insulation wall unit 200 .
  • the first sound insulation material layer 300 and the second sound insulation material layer 203 can be filled with ceramic wool.
  • the ceramic wool has good fire resistance, which can improve the fire resistance of the wall, and the ceramic wool has a porous structure and has good sound absorption. Effect.
  • first sound insulation material layer 300 There is an unfilled space between either side of the first sound insulation material layer 300 and the first wall panel 201, and there is an unfilled space between the second sound insulation material layer 203 and the second wall panel 202, that is, the first sound insulation material
  • second sound insulation material layer 203 There are cavities between the material layer 300 and the sound insulation wall unit 200 on either side, as well as between the second sound insulation material layer 203 and the second wall panel 202.
  • the cavities block the sound bridge, which is beneficial to improve the sound insulation. sound effect.
  • the second sound insulation material layer 203 in some exemplary embodiments, as shown in FIG.
  • the second sound insulation material layer 203 is disposed in the second cavity 800, and the width of the second cavity 800 is i, i
  • the value can be 10mm to 50mm
  • the gap between the second sound insulation material layer 203 and the second wall panel 202 is j
  • the thickness of the second sound insulation material layer 203 is the difference between i and j
  • the second sound insulation material layer The ratio of the thickness of 203 to the width of the second cavity 800 can be controlled to be 0.6 to 0.9.
  • the first sound insulation material layer 300 is disposed in the first cavity 400 , the width of the first cavity 400 is g, and the thickness of the first sound insulation material layer 300 is g is h, the gap between the first sound insulation material layer 300 and the first wall panel 201 away from it is the difference between g and h, and the ratio of the thickness of the first sound insulation material layer 300 to the width of the first cavity 400 can be controlled as 0.4 to 0.9.
  • the width of the damping keel 500 may be 50 mm to 150 mm, the height may be 10 mm to 50 mm, and the wall thickness may be 0.4 mm to 1 mm.
  • the height direction of the damping keel 500 may be the same as the width direction of the second cavity 800 .
  • the width of the damping keel 500 may be 64mm or 90mm or 130mm; in some exemplary embodiments, the height of the damping keel 500 may be 15mm or 25mm;
  • the wall thickness of the vibration keel 500 can be 0.6mm or 1mm, and the wall thickness of the vibration reduction keel 500 is not limited to 0.6mm or 1mm, and can be adjusted as required; in some exemplary embodiments, the vibration reduction keel 500 is a light steel keel , available in galvanized steel strip. In some exemplary embodiments, as shown in FIGS.
  • the damping keel 500 includes a first fixed arm 502 , a connecting arm 503 and a second fixed arm 501 connected in sequence, and the first fixed arm 502 and the second fixed arm 501 are parallel.
  • the connection arm 503 is arranged obliquely, and the end of the connection arm 503 connected with the second fixed arm 501 is inclined toward the side away from the first fixed arm 502 .
  • the first fixed arm 502 and the second fixed arm 501 are arranged horizontally, and there is a horizontal and vertical interval between them, wherein, taking the extending direction of the fixed arm as the horizontal direction, the plane formed by the two fixed arms is perpendicular to the extension.
  • the direction is the vertical direction, so that the first fixed arm 502 and the second fixed arm 501 are arranged in a staggered state (that is, the projection of the first fixed arm 502 on the plane where the second fixed arm 501 is located is separated from the second fixed arm 501),
  • the first end (the left end in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 ) of the connecting arm 503 is connected with the first fixed arm 502
  • the second end (the right end in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 ) is connected with the second fixed arm 501
  • the The second end is inclined toward the side away from the first fixing arm 502 (the right side in FIGS. 7 and 8 ).
  • the vibration-damping keel 500 is arranged horizontally or vertically or inclined, wherein the horizontal direction refers to the direction parallel to the ground after the sound insulation wall is installed, and the vertical direction refers to the direction perpendicular to the ground after the sound insulation wall is installed.
  • the first fixing arm 502 and the second fixing arm 501 are attached to the first wall panel 201 and the second wall panel 202 respectively, and are fixed by screws.
  • sound insulation pads may be added between the first fixing arm 502 and the first wall panel 201 and between the second fixing arm 501 and the second wall panel 202 to improve the sound insulation effect.
  • the anti-vibration keel 500 has good elasticity.
  • the energy such as sound waves acts on the anti-vibration keel 500 or the wall on which the anti-vibration keel 500 is installed, the anti-vibration keel 500 will vibrate, and the sound energy will be converted into solid mechanical vibration energy through vibration. Then it is converted into heat energy and dissipated, so as to achieve the purpose of sound insulation and noise reduction, and improve the sound insulation performance of the wall.
  • the vibration-damping keel 500 has better elasticity, and the wall panels connected on both sides of the vibration-damping keel 500 are non-rigid connections.
  • the vibration reduction keel 500 Since the damping material with good elasticity has a good noise reduction effect on low frequency, the vibration reduction keel 500 has better sound absorption effect at low frequency than ordinary light steel keel, especially between 100 Hz and 300 Hz, the vibration reduction keel 500 The sound absorption effect is better, which can make up for the poor sound absorption performance of the traditional C-type keel and Z-type keel in low frequency.
  • the end of the second fixing arm 501 away from the first fixing arm 502 is provided with a supporting edge 505 , and the supporting edge 505 is bent toward the side where the first fixing arm 502 is located, And the height of the support edge 505 is less than the height of the vibration-damping keel 500 , so that there is a height difference between the support edge 505 and the first fixed arm 502 (the distance between the support edge 505 and the end face of the first fixed arm 502 away from the second fixed arm 501 . distance).
  • the support edge 505 also increases the stiffness of the damping stud 500 so that the damping stud 500 can be used to connect wall panels.
  • the support edge 505 and the first fixed arm 502 There is a height difference between the support edge 505 and the first fixed arm 502, so that when the two sides of the vibration-damping keel 500 are respectively connected to the first wall panel 201 and the second wall panel 202, the support edge 505 and the first fixed arm 502 are connected to each other.
  • the setting of the supporting edge 505 does not affect the vibration characteristics of the vibration reduction keel 500 under the action of sound waves, so as not to affect the sound insulation and noise reduction of the vibration reduction keel 500. noise effect.
  • the supporting edge 505 is a straight edge arranged vertically relative to the second fixing arm 501 , and in some exemplary embodiments, the supporting edge 505 is an oblique edge arranged obliquely relative to the second fixing arm 501 , and supports
  • the included angle between the side 505 and the second fixing arm 501 is an obtuse angle, and the angle ranges from 100° to 160°, such as 130°, 140°, 150°, 153° and so on.
  • one end of the first fixing arm 502 away from the second fixing arm 501 is provided with a second flange 504 , and the second flange 504 is bent toward the side where the second fixing arm 501 is located. , and the height of the second flange 504 is smaller than the height of the vibration reduction keel 500 .
  • the setting of the second flanges 504 similar to reinforcing ribs, can enhance the rigidity of the vibration damping keel 500 .
  • the second flange 504 cooperates with the supporting edge 505, so that the damping keel 500 has sufficient rigidity to support the wall panel.
  • the height of the second flange 504 is smaller than the height of the vibration-damping keel 500 , so that when the two sides of the vibration-damping keel 500 are connected to the wall panel, there is a gap between the second flange 504 and the second wall panel 202 connected to the second fixing arm 501 . Clearance (as shown in FIG. 7 ), the setting of the second flange 504 does not affect the vibration characteristics of the damping keel 500 under the action of sound waves, so as not to affect the sound insulation and noise reduction effects of the damping keel 500 .
  • one side (inner side) of the vibration-damping keel 500 is connected to the keel frame 100 through the first wall plate 201, the other side is connected to the second wall plate 202, and both ends are free ends, so that the vibration-damping keel 500 has only one side (the inner side). ) is fixedly connected with the components of the building wall, both ends and the other side (outside) are not connected with structural components, forming a suspension, so that the vibration reduction keel 500 has a larger range of activities and better elasticity, so the sound insulation wall unit 200 Better for low frequency sound absorption.
  • the better the elasticity of the damping keel 500 not only the sound insulation of the wall structure in the low frequency band is significantly improved, but also the weighted sound insulation of the wall structure is also significantly increased due to the weakening of the fit effect.
  • the wall structure uses the keel frame 100 and the vibration reduction keel 500 with superior elasticity, which can gradually convert sound energy into heat energy and dissipate it, thereby achieving the effects of sound insulation and noise reduction, and improving the performance of the wall structure. Sound insulation performance.
  • a second cavity 800 (two) is formed between the adjacent first wall panels 201 and the second wall panels 202, and a first cavity 400 is formed between the two sound insulation wall units 200, so that the wall structure
  • Three cavities are formed inside, and three more layers of air are added. Due to the elastic layer of the air layer, it is similar to adding three springs or three dampers inside the wall. Due to the vibration of the air, the sound energy is attenuated and sound insulation is achieved. And due to the addition of the air layer, the sound waves are converted between different media during the propagation process, which increases the reflection and attenuation of the sound waves, achieves the effects of sound insulation and noise reduction, and greatly improves the wall structure. Sound insulation performance.
  • the keel skeleton 100 can be built first, each vertical keel 101 can be fixed in sequence, and then a plurality of through keels 102 can be passed through, and the through keels 102 can be fixed on the vertical keels 101 by using the support card 103;
  • the plate 201 is fixed on the side plate 1012 on either side of the vertical keel 101, the first sound insulation material layer 300 is laid, and then another first wall plate 201 is fixed on the side plate 1012 on the other side of the vertical keel 101; finally , and sequentially fix the vibration-damping keel 500 , the second sound insulation material layer 203 and the second wall panel 202 from the inside to the outside, thereby constructing the wall structure of the embodiment of the present application.
  • the outer side of the second wall panel 202 can also be connected with a Luban universal board as a veneer layer, so that the wall structure has rich decorative effects, individualized design, and prefabricated installation.
  • the wall structure can replace materials such as stone and wood, which effectively protects natural resources.
  • the sound insulation can reach more than 50 decibels, which meets the sound insulation design requirements of five-star hotels.
  • the trough plate is provided with a limiting portion for fixing the support card 103 , wherein the edge plate 1014 of the trough plate is correspondingly provided with a second pass through which the support card 103 passes.
  • the through holes 900, the second through holes 900 and the first through holes 1019 are correspondingly arranged in the longitudinal direction of the vertical keel 101, and the two second through holes 900 are arranged in parallel with the first through holes 1019 in the longitudinal direction of the vertical keel 101, and the two second through holes
  • the height of the hole 900 in the longitudinal direction of the vertical keel 101 is set so that the lower end of the support card 103 is just inserted into the notch 1021 penetrating the keel 102 , and the two second through holes 900 constitute a limiting portion.
  • the support card 103 is a metal plate, the size of the second through hole 900 is matched with the size of the support card 103, the two ends of the support card 103 are respectively inserted into the two second through holes 900, the support card 103 penetrates the slot plate, and supports The card 103 is parallel to the web 1015 in the channel plate.
  • the through keel 102 can be inserted into the first through hole 1019 on the vertical keel 101 first, and then the support card 103 can be inserted into the two second through holes 900 of the vertical keel 101, and the lower end of the support card 103 will be inserted into the through keel
  • the gap 1021 of the 102 forms the vertical keel 101 and the through keel 102 to be relatively fixed. It can be seen that the entire connection process is simpler and more convenient, and the installation efficiency can be improved.
  • the support card 103 in the embodiment of the present application is fixed on the grooved plate, which has little influence on the elasticity and sound insulation performance of the vertical keel 101 , and can effectively improve the performance of the keel frame 100 .
  • the opposite end surfaces of the two edge plates 1014 are provided with ribs 104 that limit and pass through the keel 102 .
  • the ribs 104 are formed by bending the plate of the edge plates 1014 . It can abut on both sides of the through keel 102 , and can limit the through keel 102 .
  • the side of the convex rib 104 facing the web 1015 forms an inclined first guide slope 1041
  • the end surface of the convex rib 104 facing the opening 1017 forms an inclined second guide slope 1042 .
  • the second guide slope 1042 can guide the end of the through keel 102 against which the end of the through keel 102 is centered and slides toward the first A through hole 1019 completes the guiding function.
  • the through keel 102 when the through keel 102 is inserted into the vertical keel 101 from the side of the web 1015, the end of the through keel 102 has passed through the first through hole 1019 and protruded into the installation cavity 700, and the first guide slope 1041 can be guided against the The end of the through keel 102 on it extends from the center to the side of the opening 1017, which can also complete the guiding function. If the protruding ribs 104 are not provided, when the through keel 102 is inserted into the installation cavity 700 , there may be a certain amount of shaking in the width direction of the vertical keel 101 .
  • the two connecting boards 1013 are connected to the side boards 1012 through the horizontal boards 105 , and the horizontal boards 105 are perpendicular to the side boards 1012 .
  • the horizontal plate 105 can also be adjusted to be inclined similar to the connecting plate 1013 according to structural requirements.
  • the first through hole 1019 may be configured as a U-shaped hole to match the U-shaped through keel 102.
  • the first through hole 1019 may also be configured as a polygonal hole of other shapes.
  • the wall structure of the embodiment of the present application adopts the vertical keel 101 with better structural elasticity, which not only ensures the strength of the wall body, but also improves the sound insulation performance of the wall body.
  • the sound insulation effect of the vertical keel 101 of the embodiment of the present application is better than that of the Z-shaped keel, especially in the low frequency range, the advantages of sound insulation and noise reduction are more obvious, and the structure is simple and the processing is convenient, and the groove on the vertical keel 101
  • the stencil and connecting plate 1013 may also provide guidance for insertion through the keel 102, facilitating installation and connection.
  • the first sound insulation material layer 300 and the second sound insulation material layer 203 in the embodiment of the present application may be ceramic wool.
  • the ceramic wool has good fire resistance, and the ceramic wool has a porous structure, which has the effect of sound absorption and can improve the wall.
  • the wallboard of the embodiments of the present application can be made of glass fiber felt gypsum board, which has high surface density, high fiber content, and good sound insulation and fire resistance.
  • the wall panel of the embodiment of the present application includes the first wall panel 201 and the second wall panel 202 spaced by the vibration-damping keels 500, so that the wall panel has a certain compressibility in the thickness direction, which can improve the sound insulation effect of the wall structure.
  • connection In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms “connection”, “direct connection”, “indirect connection”, “fixed connection”, “installation” and “assembly” should be interpreted in a broad sense, For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; the terms “installation”, “connection” and “fixed connection” may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and may be two elements Internal connectivity.
  • connection direct connection
  • indirect connection Indirect connection, “indirect connection”, “fixed connection”, “installation” and “assembly” should be interpreted in a broad sense, For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; the terms “installation”, “connection” and “fixed connection” may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and may be two elements Internal connectivity.

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Abstract

一种墙体结构，包括龙骨骨架和安装在所述龙骨骨架两侧的隔声墙体单元，所述龙骨骨架包括多根竖龙骨，所述竖龙骨包括底板和设于所述底板两侧的侧板，所述底板包括凹槽状的槽型板，以及设置在所述槽型板两侧的连接板，所述槽型板的槽口面向所述侧板一侧，两所述连接板分别将所述槽型板的两侧与两所述侧板相连接，两所述连接板的截面设置为开口面向所述侧板一侧的喇叭状；所述隔声墙体单元包括与所述竖龙骨连接的第一墙板、一侧通过所述第一墙板与所述竖龙骨连接的减振龙骨，及与所述减振龙骨另一侧连接的第二墙板，所述减振龙骨的两端为自由端。

Description

一种墙体结构 技术领域
本文涉及但不限于建筑隔墙领域，尤其涉及一种墙体结构。
背景技术
传统墙体结构通常由轻钢龙骨、墙板和保温材料构成，其中，轻钢龙骨设于上下楼板之间形成墙体的骨架，轻钢龙骨的两侧固定有墙板，而两块墙板之间由轻钢龙骨支撑起的空间内填充满保温材料。
发明概述
本申请实施例提供一种墙体结构，包括龙骨骨架和安装在所述龙骨骨架两侧的隔声墙体单元，所述龙骨骨架包括多根竖龙骨，所述竖龙骨包括底板和设于所述底板两侧的侧板，所述底板包括凹槽状的槽型板，以及设置在所述槽型板两侧的连接板，所述槽型板的槽口面向所述侧板一侧，两所述连接板分别将所述槽型板的两侧与两所述侧板相连接，两所述连接板的截面设置为开口面向所述侧板一侧的喇叭状；所述隔声墙体单元包括与所述竖龙骨连接的第一墙板、一侧通过所述第一墙板与所述竖龙骨连接的减振龙骨、及与所述减振龙骨另一侧连接的第二墙板，所述减振龙骨的两端为自由端。
在阅读并理解了附图和详细描述后，可以明白其他方面。
附图概述
附图用来提供对本申请实施例技术方案的理解，并且构成说明书的一部分，与本申请实施例一起用于解释本文的技术方案，并不构成对本文技术方案的限制。
图1为本申请实施例的墙体结构截面示意图；
图2为图1中的竖龙骨截面示意图；
图3为图1中的竖龙骨示意图；
图4为图1中的贯通龙骨示意图；
图5为图1中的龙骨骨架示意图；
图6为图5的B处部分放大示意图；
图7为图1的A处部分放大示意图；
图8为图1中的减振龙骨截面示意图；
图9为本申请示例性实施例的墙体结构的竖龙骨示意图；
图10为图9中的竖龙骨与贯通龙骨连接示意图；
图11为图9中的竖龙骨与支撑卡连接示意图；
图12为本申请示例性实施例的墙体结构的竖龙骨截面示意图；
图13为本申请示例性实施例的墙体结构的竖龙骨截面示意图。
附图标记：100-龙骨骨架、101-竖龙骨、1011-底板、1012-侧板、1013-连接板、1014-边缘板、1015-腹板、1016-第一翻边、1017-开口、1018-加强筋、1019-第一通孔、102-贯通龙骨、1021-豁口、103-支撑卡、104-凸筋、1041-第一导向斜面、1042-第二导向斜面、105-水平板、200-隔声墙体单元、201-第一墙板、202-第二墙板、203-第二隔声材料层、300-第一隔声材料层、400-第一空腔、500-减振龙骨、501-第二固定臂、502-第一固定臂、503-连接臂、504-第二翻边、505-支撑边、600-螺钉、700-安装腔、800-第二空腔、900-第二通孔。
详述
下文中将结合附图对本申请实施例进行详细说明。在不冲突的情况下，本申请实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互任意组合。
传统墙体结构需要根据其隔声需求来确定使用的材料、厚度等。传统墙体结构虽然使用了隔声材料，但是隔声材料对墙体隔声效果提升有限，而且要达到理想的隔声效果需较大的成本投入，使得其建筑制造成本明显增加。
本申请实施例的墙体结构采用结构弹性更好的竖龙骨，既保证了墙体结构的强度，又提升墙体结构的隔声性能。
本申请实施例的竖龙骨的隔声效果优于Z型龙骨等，尤其在低频范围内，隔声降噪的优势更明显，而且其结构简单，加工方便，竖龙骨上的安装腔和 连接板还能够为贯穿龙骨的插入提供导向，便于安装连接。
本申请实施例的隔声墙体单元包括由减振龙骨间隔的第一墙板和第二墙板，使得隔声墙体单元在厚度方向具有一定的可压缩幅度，提升墙体结构的隔声效果。
本申请实施例的第一隔声材料层和第二隔声材料层可以为陶瓷棉，陶瓷棉具有良好的耐火性能，并且陶瓷棉为多孔结构，具有吸声的效果，提升隔声性能。
本申请实施例的第一墙板和第二墙板可以为玻纤毡石膏板，玻纤毡石膏板面密度高，纤维含量高，具有良好的隔声、耐火性能。
请参阅图1至图8的本申请实施例的墙体结构。如图1、图2和图7所示，墙体结构包括龙骨骨架100和安装在龙骨骨架100两侧的隔声墙体单元200，龙骨骨架100包括多根竖龙骨101，竖龙骨101包括底板1011和设于其两侧的侧板1012，底板1011包括凹槽状的槽型板，以及设置在其两侧的连接板1013，槽型板的槽口面向侧板1012一侧，两连接板1013的截面设置为开口面向侧板1012一侧的喇叭状。上述隔声墙体单元200包括与所述竖龙骨连接的第一墙板201、一侧通过第一墙板201与竖龙骨101连接的减振龙骨500、及与减振龙骨500另一侧连接的第二墙板202，减振龙骨的两端为自由端。墙体结构的竖龙骨101在保证强度的前提下，可提升墙体结构隔声性能，还可通过隔声墙体单元200中的减振龙骨500提升隔声降噪的效果。
一些示例性实施例中，龙骨骨架100由多根竖龙骨101和多根贯通龙骨102横竖交叉组建成型，竖龙骨101竖直设置在上下楼板之间且多根竖龙骨101等间隔布置，贯通龙骨102则水平贯穿各个竖龙骨101。竖龙骨101和贯通龙骨102都为钢带弯折压制而成，竖龙骨101形成了类似“凸”字型的截面形状，一些示例性实施例如图2所示，两侧板1012的一端与底板1011连接，两侧板1012在远离底板1011的一端形成开口1017，且设有向开口1017内侧弯折的第一翻边1016。
一些示例性实施例中，如图2和图3所示，在所述底板1011中,所述槽型板居中设置，上述两侧板1012则通过两连接板1013连接上述槽型板，两连接板1013由两侧板1012相对收拢且向远离开口1017的方向延伸，形成底 板1011上背向开口1017突出的第一段突起。槽型板设置为在面向开口1017一侧槽口面向开口1017一侧的凹槽状，即形成安装腔700，同时也使得底板1011在第一段突起基础上突出形成两个第二段突起。槽型板包括腹板1015以及设置在其两侧的边缘板1014，腹板1015上开设贯通龙骨102贯穿的多个第一通孔1019，多个第一通孔1019沿竖龙骨101的长度方向布置，而且腹板1015保持与侧板1012垂直设置，以使贯通龙骨102垂直于腹板1015插入，方便插接。另外，边缘板1014可根据墙体需求选择倾斜设置或垂直于腹板1015设置，本申请实施例的边缘板1014垂直于腹板1015设置。由此，背向开口1017延伸的连接板1013和边缘板1014，可提升竖龙骨101宽度方向弹性，例如在竖龙骨101宽度方向挤压龙骨，其变形幅度相对相同受力情况下C型龙骨更大，可显著提升墙体结构隔声性能。针对M型龙骨而言，虽然相对C型龙骨具有一定弹性，但是由于受限于自身结构特征，相对于本申请实施例的竖龙骨101其宽度方向的弹性受到限制，使得相同受力情况下龙骨宽度方向挤压变形幅度减小，隔声性能也略低。腹板1015沿竖龙骨101长度方向设有多个第一通孔1019，以插接多个贯通龙骨102，第一通孔1019为矩形孔，第一通孔1019沿竖龙骨101宽度方向上的宽度略大于贯通龙骨102的宽度，以限制贯通龙骨102在第一通孔1019内晃动，第一通孔1019沿竖龙骨101长度方向的宽度则大于贯通龙骨102的高度，以方便贯通龙骨102插入。而且，本申请一些示例性实施例的第一通孔1019沿竖龙骨101宽度方向上的宽度小于腹板1015的宽度，且居中设置。而为了限位贯通龙骨102，腹板1015的宽度可略大于贯通龙骨102的宽度，使得边缘板1014与贯通龙骨102形成间隙配合，限位贯通龙骨102，第一通孔1019沿竖龙骨101宽度方向上的宽度可调整为等于腹板1015的宽度。一些示例性实施例，如图2所示，侧板1012的宽度为a，边缘板1014的宽度为c，连接板1013在侧板1012宽度方向的投影长度为b，竖龙骨101宽度为f，腹板1015的宽度为d，连接板1013在腹板1015宽度方向的投影长度为e，为了增强竖龙骨101的弹性和墙体结构的隔声性能，边缘板1014的宽度与侧板1012的宽度的比值可控制在0.4到1，连接板1013在侧板1012宽度方向的投影长度与侧板1012宽度的比值可控制在0.1到0.5。一些示例性实施例中，侧板1012的宽度a为50mm，竖龙骨101宽度f为73.5mm，腹板1015的宽度d为43mm， 边缘板1014的宽度c数值为24mm，其他数值如下：b＝10mm，e＝15.5mm。另外，腹板1015上还设有板材弯折形成的加强筋1018，可提高竖龙骨101的强度。
一些示例性实施例中，如图4至图6所示，贯通龙骨102为U型龙骨，贯通龙骨102的两侧板对应开设有豁口1021。贯通龙骨102穿过竖龙骨101上的第一通孔1019，贯通龙骨102的底部和两侧板可抵在竖龙骨101的第一通孔1019的边沿，但是贯通龙骨102在竖龙骨101长度方向和其长度方向仍可以活动；龙骨骨架100还包括支撑卡103，多个水平设置的贯通龙骨102贯穿竖龙骨101上槽型板的第一通孔1019，支撑卡103与竖龙骨101相接且与贯通龙骨102扣合，以限位贯通龙骨102，即支撑卡103对竖龙骨101和贯通龙骨102进行相对固定。其中，支撑卡103的长度方向上的两端可分别通过卡扣或螺钉固定在开口1017两侧的第一翻边1016上，而支撑卡103的下端插入豁口1021内。由此，通过支撑卡103对贯通龙骨102相对竖龙骨101的位置进行限位，保证竖龙骨101和贯通龙骨102的连接稳定性。在一些示例性实施例中，贯通龙骨102的两侧板也可不开设豁口1021，支撑卡103的下端则直接卡在贯通龙骨102的两侧板上，保证贯通龙骨102不发生沿竖直龙骨101长度方向的移动，但贯通龙骨102可沿自身长度方向移动。
当组装龙骨骨架100时，可将贯通龙骨102从竖龙骨101开口1017的一侧插入，连接板1013可引导抵在其上的贯通龙骨102端部滑入到安装腔700内，两边缘板1014可限制贯通龙骨102的两侧晃动量，从而引导贯通龙骨102伸向第一通孔1019。由此，连接板1013和边缘板1014，都可为贯通龙骨102穿通竖龙骨101上的第一通孔1019提供导向，大大提升了安装效率。针对M型龙骨而言，虽其上的凹槽可为贯通龙骨102安装提供导向，但是其无边缘板1014引导贯通龙骨102进入凹槽内，不利于贯通龙骨102对中一些本申请示例性实施例的竖龙骨101的底板1011设置连接板1013，并且设置两边缘板1014，在安装贯通龙骨102时，连接板1013对贯通龙骨102进行导向后，底板1011上的边缘板1014可以再提高使贯通龙骨102向第一通孔1019移动的导向效果，从而提高龙骨骨架100的组装效率。
如图1所示和一些示例性实施例中如图7所示，隔声墙体单元200包括 层叠设置的第一墙板201和第二墙板202，其中，第一墙板201可以通过螺钉600与竖龙骨101的侧板1012固定，第一墙板201和第二墙板202之间还设有第二隔声材料层203。第一墙板201和第二墙板202之间设有填充第二隔声材料层203的第二空腔800，第一墙板201和第二墙板202之间设有支撑第一墙板201和第二墙板202形成第二空腔800的减振龙骨500。第二隔声材料层203紧贴第一墙板201设置并与第二墙板202留有间隙。第一墙板201和第二墙板202可都为玻纤毡石膏板铺设而成，玻纤毡石膏板面密度高，纤维含量高，具有良好的隔声、耐火性能。靠近竖龙骨101侧板1012的第一墙板201可由一层玻纤毡石膏板构成，远离竖龙骨101侧板1012的第二墙板202可由两层玻纤毡石膏板构成，两层玻纤毡石膏板可避免外侧墙面易开裂的问题。而且第二墙板202的两层玻纤毡石膏板进行错缝铺设，使得第二墙板202没有连通到第二空腔800内的缝隙，可提升墙体的隔声和耐火性能。
本申请实施例中如图1所示，竖龙骨101两侧板1012分别连接隔声墙体单元200，两第一墙板201形成第一空腔400，第一空腔400内可设置填充第一隔声材料层300。所述第一隔声材料层300贴合在任一所述隔声墙体单元200上并与另一所述隔声墙体单元200之间具有间隙。第一隔声材料层300和第二隔声材料层203可由陶瓷棉填充而成，陶瓷棉具有良好的耐火性能，可以提高墙体的耐火性能，并且陶瓷棉为多孔结构，具有良好的吸声效果。第一隔声材料层300任一侧与第一墙板201间存在未填充的空间，并且第二隔声材料层203与第二墙板202之间存在未填充的空间，即第一隔声材料层300与任一侧的隔声墙体单元200之间，以及第二隔声材料层203与第二墙板202之间都存在空腔，空腔阻断了声桥，有利于提升隔声效果。针对第二隔声材料层203，一些示例性实施例中，如图7所示，第二隔声材料层203设置在第二空腔800内，第二空腔800的宽度为i，i的数值可为10mm到50mm，第二隔声材料层203与第二墙板202之间的缝隙为j，第二隔声材料层203的厚度为i与j的差值，第二隔声材料层203厚度与第二空腔800的宽度比值可控制为0.6到0.9。针对第一隔声材料层300，如图1所示，第一隔声材料层300设置在第一空腔400内，第一空腔400的宽度为g，第一隔声材料层300的厚度为h，第一隔声材料层300与其远离的第一墙板201之间的缝 隙为g与h的差值，第一隔声材料层300厚度与第一空腔400的宽度比值可控制为0.4到0.9。
一些示例性实施例中，减振龙骨500的宽度可为50mm到150mm，高度可为10mm到50mm，壁厚可为0.4mm到1mm减振龙骨500的高度方向同第二空腔800的宽度方向；在一些示例性实施例中，减振龙骨500的宽度可为64mm或90mm或130mm；一些示例性实施例中，减振龙骨500的高度可为15mm或25mm；一些示例性实施例中，减振龙骨500的壁厚可为0.6mm或1mm，而且减振龙骨500的壁厚不限于0.6mm或1mm，可根据需要进行调整；一些示例性的实施例中，减振龙骨500为轻钢龙骨，可采用镀锌钢带制成。一些示例性实施例中，如图7和图8，减振龙骨500包括依次连接的第一固定臂502、连接臂503和第二固定臂501，第一固定臂502和第二固定臂501平行设置，连接臂503倾斜设置，且连接臂503与第二固定臂501连接的一端朝向远离第一固定臂502的一侧倾斜。第一固定臂502和第二固定臂501水平设置，且二者之间存在水平和竖直间隔，其中，以固定臂延伸方向作为水平方向，在两个固定臂所构成的平面内垂直于延伸方向为竖直方向，使第一固定臂502和第二固定臂501呈交错设置状态(即第一固定臂502在第二固定臂501所在平面的投影与第二固定臂501是分离的)，连接臂503的第一端(图7和图8中的左端)与第一固定臂502连接，第二端(图7和图8中的右端)与第二固定臂501连接，连接臂503的第二端朝向远离第一固定臂502的一侧(图7和图8中的右侧)倾斜。在一些示例性实施例中，减振龙骨500横向设置或纵向设置或倾斜设置，其中，横向是指隔声墙体安装后平行于地面的方向，竖向是隔声墙体安装后垂直于地面的方向，第一固定臂502和第二固定臂501分别与第一墙板201和第二墙板202贴合，并通过螺钉固定。在一些示例性实施例中，第一固定臂502与第一墙板201之间，以及第二固定臂501和第二墙板202之间还可增加隔音垫，提升隔声效果。
减振龙骨500弹性好，当声波等能量作用于减振龙骨500或安装有减振龙骨500的墙体上时，减振龙骨500会产生振动，通过振动将声能转化为固体机械振动能，再转化为热能而耗散掉，从而达到隔声、降噪的目的，提高墙体的隔声性能。相比普通轻钢龙骨(如C型、Z型等)，减振龙骨500具 有更好的弹性，连接在减振龙骨500两侧的墙板为非刚性连接，其一侧的墙板振动时，不易将振动传到另一侧墙板，从而提高墙体的隔声性能。由于弹性好的阻尼材料对低频具有很好的降噪作用，所以减振龙骨500比普通轻钢龙骨在低频时的吸声效果更好，尤其在100赫兹到300赫兹之间，减振龙骨500吸声效果更好，可以弥补传统C型龙骨、Z型龙骨在低频吸声性能较差的不足。
一些示例性实施例中如图7和图8所示，第二固定臂501远离第一固定臂502的一端设有支撑边505，支撑边505朝向第一固定臂502所在的一侧弯折，且支撑边505的高度小于减振龙骨500的高度，使得支撑边505与第一固定臂502之间存在高度差(支撑边505与第一固定臂502远离第二固定臂501的端面之间的距离)。支撑边505还能增强减振龙骨500的刚度，以便减振龙骨500可用于连接墙板。支撑边505与第一固定臂502之间具有高度差，使得减振龙骨500的两侧分别连接第一墙板201和第二墙板202时，支撑边505与连接至第一固定臂502的第一墙板201之间具有间隙k，间隙k可为3mm到10mm，支撑边505的设置不影响减振龙骨500在声波作用下的振动特性，以便不影响减振龙骨500的隔声、降噪效果。在一些示例性实施例中，支撑边505为相对第二固定臂501垂直设置的直边，在一些示例性实施例中，支撑边505为相对第二固定臂501倾斜设置的斜边，且支撑边505与第二固定臂501之间的夹角为钝角，角度范围为100°到160°，如可为130°、140°、150°、153°等。
一些示例性实施例中如图8所示，第一固定臂502远离第二固定臂501的一端设有第二翻边504，第二翻边504朝向第二固定臂501所在的一侧弯折，且第二翻边504的高度小于减振龙骨500的高度。第二翻边504的设置，类似于加强筋，可增强减振龙骨500的刚度。第二翻边504与支撑边505配合，可使减振龙骨500具有足够的刚度，能够支撑墙板。第二翻边504的高度小于减振龙骨500的高度，使得减振龙骨500的两侧连接墙板时，第二翻边504与连接至第二固定臂501的第二墙板202之间具有间隙(如图7所示)，第二翻边504的设置不影响减振龙骨500在声波作用下的振动特性，以便不影响减振龙骨500的隔声、降噪效果。
另外，减振龙骨500的一侧(内侧)通过第一墙板201与龙骨骨架100连接，另一侧连接第二墙板202，两端为自由端，使得减振龙骨500只有一侧(内侧)与建筑墙体的构件固定连接，两端及另一侧(外侧)均没有连接结构件，形成悬浮，使得减振龙骨500的活动范围更大，弹性更好，所以隔声墙体单元200对低频吸声效果更好。减振龙骨500的弹性越好，不但使墙体结构在低频段隔声量显著提高，而且由于其减弱了吻合效应，使墙体结构的计权隔声量也显著增大。
本申请实施实施中，墙体结构使用弹性优越的龙骨骨架100和减振龙骨500，可将声能逐步转化为热能而耗散掉，从而达到隔声、降噪的效果，提高墙体结构的隔声性能。而且，相邻的第一墙板201和第二墙板202之间形成第二空腔800(两个)，两个隔声墙体单元200之间形成第一空腔400，使墙体结构内形成三个空腔，多了三层空气层，由于空气层的弹性层作用，类似于在墙体内部加入三个弹簧或三个阻尼器，由于空气的振动衰减了声能，达到隔声的效果；并且由于空气层的加入，使声波在传播的过程中，在不同的介质之间转换，增多了声波的反射和衰减，达到隔声、降噪的效果，大大提高了墙体结构的隔声性能。
在组装墙体结构时，可以先搭建龙骨骨架100，依次固定各个竖龙骨101，再穿通多根贯通龙骨102，利用支撑卡103将贯通龙骨102固定在竖龙骨101上；随后，将第一墙板201固定在竖龙骨101任一侧的侧板1012上，铺设第一隔声材料层300，再将另一第一墙板201固定在竖龙骨101的另一侧的侧板1012上；最后，由内至外依次固定减振龙骨500、第二隔声材料层203和第二墙板202，从而建成本申请实施例的墙体结构。
一些示例性实施例中，第二墙板202的外侧还可连接鲁班万能板作为饰面层，使得墙体结构具有丰富的装饰效果、实现个性化设计、装配式安装等特性。墙体结构可替代石材、木材等材料，有效保护了自然资源，而且，隔声量可达50分贝以上，满足五星级酒店隔声设计要求。
一些示例性实施例中，如图9至图11所示，槽型板上设有固定支撑卡103的限位部，其中，槽型板的边缘板1014对应设有支撑卡103贯穿的第二通孔900，第二通孔900与第一通孔1019在竖龙骨101长度方向上对应设置， 两第二通孔900在竖龙骨101长度方向平行第一通孔1019设置，且两第二通孔900在竖龙骨101长度方向上的高度设置为支撑卡103的下端正好插入贯通龙骨102的豁口1021内，两第二通孔900构成限位部。支撑卡103为金属板，第二通孔900的尺寸与支撑卡103的尺寸相匹配，支撑卡103的两端分别与两第二通孔900插接，支撑卡103贯穿槽型板，而且支撑卡103平行于槽型板中的腹板1015。在安装时，可先将贯通龙骨102穿入竖龙骨101上的第一通孔1019，再将支撑卡103插入竖龙骨101的两第二通孔900中，支撑卡103的下端会插入贯通龙骨102的豁口1021，形成竖龙骨101与贯通龙骨102相对固定，可见，整个连接过程更加简单方便，可提升安装效率。本申请实施例的支撑卡103固定在槽型板上，对竖龙骨101的弹性和隔声性能影响小，可有效提高龙骨骨架100的性能。
一些示例性实施例中，如图12所示，两边缘板1014相对的端面设有限位贯通龙骨102的凸筋104，凸筋104由边缘板1014的板材弯折形成，凸筋104的端部可抵在贯通龙骨102两侧面上，可以限位贯通龙骨102。
一些示例性实施例中，如图12所示，凸筋104面向腹板1015的一侧形成了倾斜的第一导向斜面1041，凸筋104面向开口1017的端面形成了倾斜的第二导向斜面1042。由此，不管贯通龙骨102是从哪一侧插入竖龙骨101内，都可提供导向。例如，贯通龙骨102由开口1017一侧插入竖龙骨101内时，贯通龙骨102的端部插入安装腔700内，第二导向斜面1042可引导抵在其上的贯通龙骨102端部居中滑向第一通孔1019，完成导向功能。例如，贯通龙骨102由腹板1015一侧插入竖龙骨101内时，贯通龙骨102的端部已穿过第一通孔1019，伸入到安装腔700内，第一导向斜面1041可引导抵在其上的贯通龙骨102端部居中向开口1017一侧延伸，也可完成导向功能。如未设置凸筋104，贯通龙骨102在插入安装腔700内时，在竖龙骨101宽度方向可能存在一定晃动量。
一些示例性实施例中，如图13所示，两连接板1013都通过水平板105连接至侧板1012，水平板105垂直于侧板1012。水平板105也可根据结构需求调整为类似连接板1013倾斜设置。
一些示例性实施例中，第一通孔1019可设置为U型孔，与U型的贯通 龙骨102相匹配。另外，根据贯通龙骨102的形状，第一通孔1019还可设置为其他形状的多边形孔。
结合上述实施例，本申请实施例的墙体结构采用结构弹性更好的竖龙骨101，既保证了墙体强度，又能提升墙体隔声性能。本申请实施例的竖龙骨101的隔声效果优于Z型龙骨等，尤其在低频范围内，隔声降噪的优势更明显，而且其结构简单，加工方便，并且，竖龙骨101上的槽型板和连接板1013还可以为贯穿龙骨102的插入提供导向，便于安装连接。本申请实施例的第一隔声材料层300和第二隔声材料层203可为陶瓷棉，陶瓷棉具有良好的耐火性能，并且陶瓷棉为多孔结构，具有吸声的效果，可提升墙体结构的隔声性能。本申请实施例的墙板可采用玻纤毡石膏板，其面密度高，纤维含量高，具有良好的隔声、耐火性能。本申请实施例的墙板包括减振龙骨500间隔的第一墙板201和第二墙板202，使得墙板在厚度方向具有一定的可压缩幅度，可提升墙体结构的隔声效果。
在本申请实施例的描述中，术语“上”、“下”、“一侧”、“另一侧”、“一端”、“另一端”、“边”、“相对”、“四角”、“周边”、““口”字结构”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请实施例和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的结构具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本文的限制。
在本申请实施例的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“连接”、“直接连接”、“间接连接”、“固定连接”、“安装”、“装配”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；术语“安装”、“连接”、“固定连接”可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本文中的具体含义。
虽然本申请实施例所揭露的实施方式如上，但所述的内容仅为便于理解本申请实施例而采用的实施方式，并非用以限定本文。任何本文所属领域内的技术人员，在不脱离本申请实施例所揭露的精神和范围的前提下，可以在实施的形式及细节上进行任何的修改与变化，但本文的专利保护范围，仍须以所附的权利要求书所界定为准。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种墙体结构，其中，包括龙骨骨架和安装在所述龙骨骨架两侧的隔声墙体单元，所述龙骨骨架包括多根竖龙骨，所述竖龙骨包括底板和设于所述底板两侧的侧板，所述底板包括凹槽状的槽型板以及设置在所述槽型板两侧的连接板，所述槽型板的槽口面向所述侧板一侧，两所述连接板分别将所述槽型板的两侧与两所述侧板相连接，两所述连接板的截面设置为开口面向所述侧板一侧的喇叭状；所述隔声墙体单元包括与所述竖龙骨连接的第一墙板、一侧通过所述第一墙板与所述竖龙骨连接的减振龙骨，及与所述减振龙骨另一侧连接的第二墙板，所述减振龙骨的两端为自由端。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的墙体结构，其中，所述槽型板包括腹板以及设置在所述腹板两侧的边缘板，所述腹板开设有第一通孔，所述腹板与所述侧板垂直设置。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的墙体结构，其中，所述龙骨骨架包括贯通龙骨和支撑卡，多个水平设置的所述贯通龙骨贯穿所述槽型板的第一通孔，所述支撑卡与所述竖龙骨相接且与所述贯通龙骨扣合，以限位所述贯通龙骨。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的墙体结构，其中，所述槽型板中两侧边缘板设有供支撑卡贯穿以定位贯通龙骨的第二通孔，所述第二通孔与所述第一通孔在竖龙骨长度方向上对应。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的墙体结构，其中，两所述边缘板相对的端面设有凸筋，用以限位所述贯通龙骨。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的墙体结构，其中，所述减振龙骨包括依次连接的第一固定臂、连接臂和第二固定臂，所述第一固定臂和所述第二固定臂平行设置，所述连接臂倾斜设置，且所述连接臂与所述第二固定臂连接的一端朝向远离所述第一固定臂的一侧倾斜，所述第一固定臂与第一墙板贴合固定，所述第二固定臂与第二墙板贴合固定。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的墙体结构，其中，所述第二固定臂远离所述第一固定臂的一端设有支撑边，所述支撑边朝向所述第一固定臂所在的一侧弯折，且所述支撑边的高度小于所述减振龙骨的高度，所述支撑边与所述第一 墙板之间具有间隙，所述间隙为3mm到10mm。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的墙体结构，其中，所述支撑边为相对所述第二固定臂垂直设置的直边；
    或者，所述支撑边为相对所述第二固定臂倾斜设置的斜边，且所述支撑边与所述第二固定臂之间的夹角为钝角。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的墙体结构，其中，所述减振龙骨的宽度为50mm到150mm，高度为10mm到50mm，壁厚为0.4mm到1mm，采用镀锌钢带制成。
  10. 根据权利要求6所述的墙体结构，其中，所述减振龙骨横向设置或纵向设置或倾斜设置。
  11. 根据权利要求1到10任一所述的墙体结构，其中，两所述隔声墙体单元之间形成第一空腔，所述第一空腔内填充有第一隔声材料层，所述第一隔声材料层贴合在任一所述隔声墙体单元上并与另一所述隔声墙体单元之间具有间隙；所述隔声墙体单元中的所述第一墙板与所述第二墙板之间形成第二空腔，所述第二空腔内设有第二隔声材料层，所述第二隔声材料层紧贴所述第一墙板并与所述第二墙板之间具有间隙。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的墙体结构，其中，所述第二隔声材料层的厚度与所述第二空腔的比值为0.6到0.9；所述第一隔声材料层的厚度与所述第一空腔的比值为0.4到0.9。
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的墙体结构，其中，所述第一隔声材料层和第二隔声材料层设置为陶瓷棉填充而成。
  14. 根据权利要求1到10任一所述的墙体结构，其中，所述第一墙板和第二墙板设置为玻纤毡石膏板铺设而成。
  15. 根据权利要求1到10任一所述的墙体结构，其中，所述第二墙板设置为两层板材错缝铺设而成。
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CN115110668A (zh) * 2022-07-27 2022-09-27 北京城建北方众邦装饰工程有限公司 一种装配化的轻钢龙骨集成复合板隔墙及施工方法
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