WO2022000425A1 - 电化学装置及用电装置 - Google Patents

电化学装置及用电装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022000425A1
WO2022000425A1 PCT/CN2020/099933 CN2020099933W WO2022000425A1 WO 2022000425 A1 WO2022000425 A1 WO 2022000425A1 CN 2020099933 W CN2020099933 W CN 2020099933W WO 2022000425 A1 WO2022000425 A1 WO 2022000425A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
casing
electrochemical device
notch
step portion
side wall
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/099933
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
马武
张国文
周利刚
江军
Original Assignee
宁德新能源科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 宁德新能源科技有限公司 filed Critical 宁德新能源科技有限公司
Priority to EP20943166.7A priority Critical patent/EP4164038A4/en
Priority to CN202080102611.0A priority patent/CN115803944A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2020/099933 priority patent/WO2022000425A1/zh
Publication of WO2022000425A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022000425A1/zh
Priority to US18/149,250 priority patent/US20230133112A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
    • H01M50/117—Inorganic material
    • H01M50/119—Metals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H01M50/155—Lids or covers characterised by the material
    • H01M50/157—Inorganic material
    • H01M50/159—Metals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H01M50/166—Lids or covers characterised by the methods of assembling casings with lids
    • H01M50/169—Lids or covers characterised by the methods of assembling casings with lids by welding, brazing or soldering
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/172—Arrangements of electric connectors penetrating the casing
    • H01M50/174—Arrangements of electric connectors penetrating the casing adapted for the shape of the cells
    • H01M50/176—Arrangements of electric connectors penetrating the casing adapted for the shape of the cells for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/183—Sealing members
    • H01M50/186—Sealing members characterised by the disposition of the sealing members
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/183—Sealing members
    • H01M50/19—Sealing members characterised by the material
    • H01M50/193—Organic material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to an electrochemical device and an electrical device.
  • Electrochemical devices can be charged and discharged, and have been widely used in consumer products, digital products, power products, medical and security and other fields.
  • the process adopted by the existing electrochemical device in order to realize the electrode extraction is as follows: firstly, a through hole is arranged on the side wall of the casing, and then the pole is arranged in the through hole and sealed by an insulating gasket, and the pole is located in the inner part of the casing. One end of the pole is electrically connected to the tab, and the other end of the pole is located outside the casing for connecting to external electronic equipment.
  • the sealing structure in this way occupies a large internal space of the electrochemical device, resulting in a large loss of energy density of the electrochemical device. At the same time, the sealing structure is complicated, the process cost is high, and the reliability is low.
  • one aspect of the present application is to propose an electrochemical device, which can lead out the tabs by arranging a notch on the shell of the electrochemical device, and fill the notch with a sealing material to achieve sealing.
  • the sealing structure is simple and has high reliability. .
  • An electrochemical device includes an electrode assembly and a case for accommodating the electrode assembly.
  • the case includes a first case and a second case that is fixedly connected to the first case. At least one of the first housing and the second housing is provided with a notch.
  • the electrode assembly includes tabs extending from the slot to the outside of the housing. The slot is filled with sealing material.
  • the sealing material includes an elastic sealing material or an adhesive.
  • the adhesive includes any one of polypropylene hot melt adhesive, phenolic resin adhesive, and epoxy adhesive.
  • the elastic sealing material includes any one of polypropylene, polycarbonate, polyamide, polystyrene, fluororubber, and soluble polytetrafluoroethylene.
  • the first housing is not provided with the notch, and the second housing is provided with the notch.
  • the first casing is a top cover of the casing
  • the second casing includes a side wall and a bottom wall connected to the side wall.
  • the side wall is provided with a step portion, and the step portion is used to carry the top cover.
  • the side wall is provided with a first step portion
  • the top cover is provided with a second step portion corresponding to the first step portion
  • the first housing and the second housing are provided with a second step portion corresponding to the first step portion.
  • the casing is formed by connecting the first step portion and the second step portion.
  • the first housing is provided with a first notch
  • the second housing is provided with a second notch corresponding to the first notch
  • the notch is formed by the first notch
  • the notch and the second notch are formed to surround.
  • the first casing includes a first side wall and a first bottom wall connected to the first side wall
  • the second casing includes a second side wall and a first bottom wall connected to the second side The second bottom wall to which the wall is attached.
  • the first side wall is provided with a first step portion
  • the second side wall is provided with a second step portion corresponding to the first step portion
  • the first housing is connected to the The second casing is connected with the second stepped portion through the first stepped portion to form the casing.
  • the casing further includes a third casing, the first casing is a top cover of the casing, the second casing is a side wall of the casing, and the first casing is a side wall of the casing.
  • the three casings are the bottom cover of the casing, and the first casing, the second casing and the third casing are sequentially connected to form the casing.
  • a high temperature protective material is filled between the groove wall of the notch and the sealing material, and the tab, the sealing material and the high temperature protective material form an m-layer structure in the notch
  • the material of the outermost layer of the structure is the high temperature protection material, and m is a positive integer greater than or equal to 3 and less than or equal to 10.
  • the high temperature protective material has a melting point greater than or equal to 300 degrees Celsius.
  • the high temperature protective material includes steel alloys, aluminum alloys, iron alloys, copper alloys, liquid crystal polymers, p-hydroxybenzaldehyde, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl chloride, polyimide , any one of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, polycarbonate, polyamide and polystyrene.
  • the first casing and the second casing are fixedly connected up and down or left and right.
  • the first shell and the second shell are fixedly connected together by at least one of gluing, heat sealing and welding.
  • the materials of the first casing and the second casing include steel alloy, aluminum alloy, iron alloy, copper alloy, liquid crystal polymer, p-hydroxybenzaldehyde, polyethylene terephthalate Any of alcohol ester, polyvinyl chloride, polyimide, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, polycarbonate, and polyamide.
  • the electrode assembly includes two of the tabs, both of which extend from the slot to the outside of the housing.
  • the electrode assembly includes a cathode sheet, an anode sheet, a separator, and two of the electrode tabs, the separator is disposed between the cathode sheet and the anode sheet, and the two electrodes The ears are respectively electrically connected to the cathode current collector of the cathode sheet and the anode current collector of the anode sheet.
  • two of the tabs extend from the same side of the housing, or two of the tabs extend from different sides of the housing.
  • the notch is rectangular in shape.
  • one of the groove wall of the slot and the sealing material is provided with a boss, and the other is provided with a dimple, and the boss is engaged with the dimple.
  • the stepped portion, the first stepped portion and the second stepped portion are all L-shaped.
  • an electrical device including an electrochemical device
  • the electrochemical device includes an electrode assembly and a casing for accommodating the electrode assembly
  • the casing includes a first casing and an electrode assembly.
  • the electrode assembly includes a tab, the tab extending from the The notch protrudes to the outside of the housing, and the notch is filled with a sealing material.
  • the tabs are provided on the casing of the electrochemical device to lead out the tabs, and the sealing material is filled in the notch to achieve sealing, the sealing structure is simple and the reliability is high, and this sealing form It occupies a low space and can improve the energy density of electrochemical devices.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of an electrochemical device according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of an electrode assembly according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 3 shows a partial enlarged schematic view of a slot filled with a sealing material according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIGS. 4a-4c show schematic structural diagrams of a cross-section of a housing according to an embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 5a shows a schematic structural diagram of the first casing and the second casing in an up-down connection manner according to an embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 5b shows a schematic structural diagram of a notch provided on a side wall of the second housing according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic structural diagram of the first casing and the second casing in an up-down connection manner according to another embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic structural diagram in which only the second housing is provided with an L-shaped stepped portion according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 8 shows a schematic structural diagram of the first housing and the second housing provided with L-shaped stepped portions according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 9 shows a schematic structural diagram of a left-right connection between the first casing and the second casing according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 shows a schematic structural diagram of a left-right connection between the first casing and the second casing according to another embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 11 shows a schematic structural diagram of a structure composed of a sealing material and a cathode lug according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 12 shows a schematic structural diagram of a structure composed of a sealing material, a high temperature protection material and a cathode lug according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 13 shows a schematic structural diagram of the cathode lug and the anode lug extending from different sides of the casing according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 14 shows a schematic structural diagram of the cathode lug and the anode lug extending from the same side of the casing according to an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 15 shows a schematic structural diagram of a slot filling adhesive according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 16 shows a schematic diagram of a structure in which the bottom wall of the slot is provided with a pit according to an embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 17 shows a schematic structural diagram of a bottom wall of a slot provided with a boss according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 18 shows a schematic diagram of a module of an electrical device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Electrode assembly 10 casing 20, sealing material 30, high temperature protection material 40, electrochemical device 100, cathode lug 101, anode lug 102, cathode sheet 103, anode sheet 104, separator 105, first casing 201, second Housing 202, slot 220, electrical device 200, side wall 2020, bottom wall 2022, first side wall 2010, first bottom wall 2012, second side wall 2024, second bottom wall 2026, pit 2201, convex Desk 2203.
  • the electrochemical device 100 according to the embodiment of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 17 .
  • an electrochemical device 100 includes an electrode assembly 10 and a casing 20 .
  • the electrode assembly 10 is accommodated in the casing 20 .
  • the electrode assembly 10 may include a cathode tab 101 , an anode tab 102 , a cathode sheet 103 , an anode sheet 104 and a separator 105 .
  • the separator 105 is disposed between the cathode sheet 103 and the anode sheet 104 , the cathode tab 101 is electrically connected to the cathode current collector of the cathode sheet 103 , and the anode tab 102 is electrically connected to the anode current collector of the anode sheet 104 .
  • the electrode assembly can be a wound cell formed by winding the cathode sheet 103 , the anode sheet 104 and the separator 105 , or a laminated cell formed by stacking the cathode sheet 103 , the anode sheet 104 and the separator 105 .
  • the material of the cathode lug 101 and the anode lug 102 may be an electrolyte-resistant conductive material such as steel alloy, aluminum alloy, iron alloy, copper alloy, and nickel alloy.
  • the cathode current collector of the cathode sheet 103 is copper foil
  • the anode current collector of the anode sheet 104 is aluminum foil.
  • the way that the cathode tab 101 is electrically connected to the cathode current collector of the cathode sheet 103 may be welding, or other connection methods (such as conductive adhesive bonding), and the cathode tab 101 may also be formed by the cathode of the cathode sheet 103
  • the current collector is directly cut and formed.
  • the anode ear 102 can be electrically connected to the anode current collector of the anode sheet 104 by welding, or other connection methods (such as conductive adhesive bonding), and the anode ear 102 can also be directly cut from the anode current collector of the anode sheet 104. .
  • the casing 20 includes a first casing 201 and a second casing 202 .
  • At least one of the first housing 201 and the second housing 202 is provided with a notch 220 , that is, the notch 220 can be provided only on the first housing 201 , and the notch 220 can also be provided only on the second housing 202 , the notch 220 can also be arranged on the first housing 201 and the second housing 202 at the same time (this setting method can be: the first housing 201 is provided with a first sub-notch, the second housing 202 A second sub-slot is provided, and the first sub-slot and the second sub-slot together form a slot 220).
  • the cathode lug 101 and the anode lug 102 can respectively extend to the outside of the casing 20 through a notch 220 .
  • the cathode lug 101 and the anode lug 102 can also be extended to the outside of the casing 20 through the same notch 220 . That is, when the cathode lug 101 and the anode lug 102 protrude to the outside of the casing 20 through the same notch 220, the casing 20 only needs to be provided with one notch 220.
  • the casing 20 needs to be provided with two notches 220 .
  • the notch 220 is also filled with a sealing material 30 .
  • the sealing material 30 may be an elastic sealing material or an adhesive.
  • the elastic sealing material can optionally have the following material properties: electrolyte corrosion resistance, good medium resistance, oxidation resistance, aging resistance, high temperature resistance, dense material itself, low air permeability, good insulation effect, material compressibility, Has good mechanical properties and processing properties.
  • the elastic sealing material can be selected from any one of polypropylene, polycarbonate, polyamide, polystyrene, fluororubber, and soluble polytetrafluoroethylene.
  • the adhesive can optionally have the following characteristics: resistance to electrolyte corrosion, oxidation resistance, aging resistance, good adhesion with metal or plastic, good water barrier properties, dense adhesive itself, good insulation effect, with Good high temperature performance.
  • the adhesive can be selected from any one of polypropylene hot melt adhesive, phenolic resin adhesive, and epoxy adhesive.
  • first shell 201 and the second shell 202 may be processed by injection molding, machining, stamping, or the like.
  • the dimensions of the first casing 201 and the second casing 202 can be set according to the actual design requirements of the electrochemical device 100 , which are not limited herein.
  • the material of the first casing 201 and the material of the second casing 202 can be selected from electrolyte-resistant materials, which can be selected from steel alloys, aluminum alloys, iron alloys, copper alloys, liquid crystal polymers, p-hydroxybenzaldehyde, polyparaphenylene Any of ethylene dicarboxylate, polyvinyl chloride, polyimide, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, polycarbonate, and polyamide.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the first housing 201 and the cross-sectional shape of the second housing 202 may optionally be the same.
  • the cross-sectional shapes of the first casing 201 and the second casing 202 may be circular, quadrilateral, arcuate, oval, triangular, polygonal (more than four sides), irregular, and the like.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the housing 20 is illustrated as being circular.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the housing 20 is illustrated as a square.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the housing 20 is illustrated as being irregular.
  • the first casing 201 and the second casing 202 can be connected into a whole through processing processes such as gluing, heat sealing, welding, etc., to form the casing 20 .
  • the sealing material 30 is an elastic sealing material
  • the elastic sealing material in the slot 220 can be tightly compressed (the compression ratio can be 10 ⁇ 40%), the compressed elastic sealing material can completely fill the slot 220, so far the first shell 201, the second shell 202 and the tabs and the elastic sealing material in the slot 220 form a sealing structure.
  • the sealing material 30 is an adhesive
  • the adhesive in the process of processing the first casing 201 and the second casing 202 to form a whole, the adhesive can fill the notch 220, so far the first casing 201 and the second casing
  • the tabs and adhesive within the body 202 and the slot 220 form the sealing structure of the electrochemical device 100 .
  • the housing 20 also includes three or more housing parts assembled together.
  • the casing 20 includes an independent first casing, a second casing and a third casing.
  • the first casing is the top cover of the casing 20
  • the second casing is the side wall of the casing 20
  • the third casing is the top cover of the casing 20 .
  • the body is the bottom cover of the housing 20 .
  • the first casing, the second casing and the third casing are sequentially connected to form the casing 20 .
  • the casing 20 includes an independent first casing, a second casing, a third casing and a fourth casing, the first casing is a top cover of the casing 20 , and the second casing is a top cover of the casing 20 .
  • the first side wall, the second casing is the second side wall of the casing 20
  • the fourth casing is the bottom cover of the casing 20 .
  • the first casing, the second casing, the third casing and the fourth casing are sequentially connected to form the casing 20 .
  • the tabs are provided on the casing to lead out the tabs and the sealing material is filled in the slots, the sealing structure is simple and reliable, and the casing space is small, and the energy density of the electrochemical device can be improved. .
  • the casing 20 includes a first casing 201 and a second casing 202 .
  • the first casing 201 is a top cover of the casing 20
  • the second casing 202 includes a side wall 2020 and a bottom wall 2022 connected to the side wall 2020 .
  • the sidewalls 2020 may be annular sidewalls, quadrilateral sidewalls, polygonal sidewalls (more than four sides), irregular-shaped sidewalls, and the like.
  • the notch 220 is provided on the second casing 202, and the shape of the notch 220 may be a rectangle. Since the first casing 201 is a top cover, the first casing 201 is not provided with a notch.
  • the cathode lug 101 protrudes from the notch 220 to the outside of the casing 20 , and the sealing material 30 (such as fluororubber) is arranged in the notch 220 .
  • the first casing 201 and the second casing 202 are connected up and down, and the contact surfaces of the first casing 201 and the second casing 202 are both flat.
  • the second casing 202 When assembling the casing, the second casing 202 can be placed on the platform fixture first, and then the first casing 201 can be placed above the second casing 202, and the first casing 201 can be acted on by external pressure. , at this time, the first shell 201 will be closely attached to the second shell 202, and then the first shell 201 and the second shell are combined by one or more of the adhesive process, the heat sealing process, and the welding process. 202 are connected as a whole. At the same time, the fluororubber at the notch 220 will be tightly compressed (the compression ratio can reach 10-40%), and the compressed fluororubber can completely fill the notch 220, thereby realizing the connection between the inner cavity of the casing 20 and the outside of the casing 20. The surfaces are isolated to ensure the electrochemical stability of the electrode assembly 10 in the casing 20 .
  • the casing 20 includes a first casing 201 and a second casing 202 .
  • Both the first casing 201 and the second casing 202 include side walls and a bottom wall connecting the side walls.
  • the first casing 201 includes a first side wall 2010 and a first bottom wall 2012 connected to the first side wall 2010
  • the second casing 202 includes a second side wall 2024 and a second side wall 2024 connected to the second side wall 2024 .
  • the slot 220 is disposed on the second casing 202,
  • the first housing 201 when the first housing 201 includes a side wall, the first housing 201 may further be provided with a first notch, and the second housing 202 may be provided with a second notch corresponding to the first notch , the first slot and the second slot together form the slot 220 .
  • the second casing 202 can be fixed on the platform fixture first, and then the first casing 201 can be placed above the second casing 202 and the first groove of the first casing 201 needs to be ensured.
  • the opening is aligned with the second notch of the second shell, and then the external pressure acts on the first shell 201.
  • the first shell 201 will be closely attached to the second shell 202.
  • an adhesive process and heat sealing are used.
  • the first shell 201 and the second shell 202 are connected as a whole by one or more of a combination of a process and a welding process.
  • the casing 20 includes a first casing 201 and a second casing 202 .
  • the first casing 201 is a top cover of the casing 20
  • the second casing 202 includes a side wall 2020 and a bottom wall 2022 connected to the side wall 2020 .
  • the first casing 201 and the second casing 202 are connected vertically, and an L-shaped stepped portion L1 is provided on the side wall 2020 of the second casing 202 .
  • the L-shaped stepped portion L1 is used to carry the first housing 20 .
  • the L-shaped stepped portion L1 may include a first horizontal portion L11 , a first vertical portion L12 and a second horizontal portion L13 .
  • the L-shaped stepped portion L1 formed by the first horizontal portion L11 , the first vertical portion L12 and the second horizontal portion L13 has a one-step stepped shape.
  • the casing 20 includes a first casing 201 and a second casing 202 .
  • the second casing 202 includes a side wall 2020 and a bottom wall 2022 connected to the side wall 2020 .
  • the first housing 201 and the second housing 202 are connected vertically.
  • the first housing 201 is provided with a first L-shaped stepped portion L1a
  • the second housing 202 is provided with a corresponding first L-shaped stepped portion L1a.
  • the second L-shaped stepped portion L1b The first L-shaped stepped portion L1a and the second L-shaped stepped portion L1b are tenoned.
  • first L-shaped stepped portion L1a and the second L-shaped stepped portion L1b may optionally have the same number of steps.
  • the first L-shaped stepped portion L1a and the second L-shaped stepped portion L1b may have a first-step stepped shape, or may be a second-step or more stepped shape.
  • the stepped portions L1 , L1 a and L1 b are not limited to the L-shape, and may be other stepped shapes.
  • the structure of the casing 20 shown in FIG. 9 is the same as that of the casing 20 shown in FIG. 5 .
  • the difference is that the first casing 201 and the second casing 202 are connected in a left-right manner, which will not be described in detail here.
  • the casing 20 shown in FIG. 10 has the same structure as the casing 20 shown in FIG. 6 , the difference is that the first casing 201 and the second casing 202 are connected in a left-right manner, which will not be described in detail here.
  • the notch 220 only includes the cathode lug 101 as an example for illustration.
  • the sealing material 30 can be pre-processed on the cathode lug 101 by any one of the adhesive process, the hot melt process, the welding process and the injection molding process. A structure is formed thereon, and then the structure is placed in the slot 220 . When the casing is assembled, the structure will be tightly compressed and deformed, and the compressed sealing material 30 can completely fill the notch 220 , thereby isolating the inner cavity of the casing 20 from the outer surface of the casing 20 .
  • the melting point of the sealing material is generally 150 degrees Celsius
  • the A structure composed of the sealing material 30 and the high temperature protective material 40 may be formed on the cathode lug 101 in advance.
  • the structure When the casing is assembled, the structure will be tightly compressed and deformed, the compressed sealing material 30 can fill the slot 220, and the high temperature protection material 40 is filled between the wall of the slot 220 and the sealing material 30 to avoid the sealing material 30 is damaged by high temperature during welding. Since the welding temperature of the first casing 201 and the second casing 202 in the process of welding and assembling the casing 20 to form the casing 20 is nearly 300 degrees Celsius, the melting point of the high temperature protective material 40 can be selected to be greater than or equal to 300 degrees Celsius.
  • the high temperature protective material 40 may be selected from the group consisting of steel alloys, aluminum alloys, iron alloys, copper alloys, liquid crystal polymers, p-hydroxybenzaldehyde, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl chloride, polyimide Any of amine, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, polycarbonate, polyamide, and polystyrene.
  • the number of layers of the cathode lug 101 , the sealing material 30 and the high temperature protection material 40 that can form the structure can be m layers, and the combination order of the materials of each layer can be determined according to actual needs, but the outermost layer of the structure can be The material needs to be the high temperature protection material 40 , and m can be a positive integer greater than or equal to 3 and less than or equal to 10.
  • the structure formed by the cathode lug 101 , the sealing material 30 and the high temperature protective material 40 is three layers, the first layer is the cathode lug 101 , the second layer is the sealing material 30 , and the third layer is the high temperature protective material 40 .
  • the structure formed by the cathode lug 101, the sealing material 30 and the high temperature protective material 40 is 5 layers, the first layer is the cathode lug 101, the second layer is the sealing material 30, the third layer is the high temperature protective material 40, and the fourth layer is the sealing material Material 30, the fifth layer is a high temperature protection material 40.
  • the cathode lug 101 and the anode lug 102 may protrude from different sides of the casing 20 .
  • the cathode lugs 101 and the anode lugs 102 may also protrude from the same side of the casing 20 .
  • the sealing material 30 is an adhesive.
  • the second casing 202 can be placed on the platform fixture to be fixed first, and then the first casing 201 can be placed on the second casing 202 above, and acts on the first shell 201 through external pressure, at this time the first shell 201 will be closely attached to the second shell 202, and then one or more of the gluing process, heat sealing process, and welding process are used.
  • This process combination connects the first shell 201 and the second shell 202 as a whole, and the adhesive can fill the notch 220 and the area around the notch on the outside of the shell 20, thereby realizing the connection between the inner cavity of the shell 20 and the shell 202.
  • the outer surface of the body 20 is isolated to ensure the electrochemical stability of the electrode assembly 10 in the casing 20 .
  • the bottom wall of the slot 220 is provided with a pit 2201 , and a boss corresponding to the pit 2201 can be provided on the sealing material 30 .
  • the concave 2201 is engaged so that the sealing material 30 and the notch 220 form a limiting structure, so that the sealing material 30 is firmly fixed in the notch 220 .
  • a boss 2203 may be provided on the bottom wall of the slot 220 , and a concave corresponding to the boss 2203 may be set on the sealing material 30 .
  • the platform 2203 is engaged with the recess to make the sealing material 30 form a limiting structure, so that the sealing material 30 is firmly fixed in the slot 220 .
  • the present application also discloses an electrical device 200 , and the electrical device 200 includes the electrochemical device 100 in any one of the above situations.
  • the electrical device 200 may be an electric motorcycle, an electric bicycle, an electric power tool, an electric vehicle, a drone, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a personal digital assistant, a personal computer, or any other suitable rechargeable device.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
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Abstract

本申请公开了一种电化学装置及用电装置，该电化学装置包括电极组件及容纳所述电极组件的壳体，所述壳体包括第一壳体及与所述第一壳体固定连接的第二壳体，所述第一壳体与所述第二壳体中的至少一者设置有槽口，所述电极组件包括极耳，所述极耳从所述槽口伸出至所述壳体的外侧，所述槽口填充有密封材料。本申请的电化学装置密封可靠性高，由密封材料填充槽口的密封方式占用空间低，可提升电化学装置的能量密度。

Description

电化学装置及用电装置 技术领域
本申请涉及一种电化学装置及用电装置。
背景技术
电化学装置能够进行充放电，已广泛应用于消费类产品、数码类产品、动力产品、医疗及安防等领域。现有的电化学装置为了实现电极引出所采用的工艺是：先在壳体的侧壁上设置通孔，然后把极柱设置在通孔中并通过绝缘垫密封，极柱位于壳体内部的一端与极耳电连接，极柱的另一端位于壳体外侧用于连接外部电子设备。该种方式的密封结构占用电化学装置较大的内部空间，导致电化学装置能量密度损失较大，同时此密封结构较复杂，工艺成本高，可靠性低。
发明内容
本申请旨在至少解决现有技术中存在的技术问题之一。为此，本申请的一个方面在于提出一种电化学装置，通过在电化学装置的外壳上设置槽口来引出极耳，并在槽口填充密封材料来实现密封，密封结构简单且可靠性高。
根据本申请实施例的电化学装置，包括电极组件及容纳所述电极组件的壳体，所述壳体包括第一壳体及与所述第一壳体固定连接的第二壳体。所述第一壳体与所述第二壳体中的至少一者设置有槽口。所述电极组件包括极耳，所述极耳从所述槽口伸出至所述壳体的外侧。所述槽口填充有密封材料。
在一些实施例中，所述密封材料包括弹性密封材料或粘合剂。
在一些实施例中，所述粘合剂包括聚丙烯热熔胶、酚醛树脂胶、环氧胶中的任意一种。
在一些实施例中，所述弹性密封材料包括聚丙烯、聚碳酸酯、聚酰胺、聚苯乙烯、氟橡胶、可溶性聚四氟乙烯中的任意一种。
在一些实施例中，所述第一壳体未设置有所述槽口，所述第二壳体设置有所述槽口。
在一些实施例中，所述第一壳体为所述壳体的顶盖，所述第二壳体包括侧壁及与所述侧壁连接的底壁。
在一些实施例中，所述侧壁设置有台阶部，所述台阶部用于承载所述顶盖。
在一些实施例中，所述侧壁设置有第一台阶部，所述顶盖设置有与所述第一台阶部对应的第二台阶部，所述第一壳体与所述第二壳体通过所述第一台阶部与所述第二台阶部连接形成所述壳体。
在一些实施例中，所述第一壳体设置有第一槽口，所述第二壳体设置有与所述第一槽口对应的第二槽口，所述槽口由所述第一槽口和所述第二槽口包围形成。
在一些实施例中，所述第一壳体包括第一侧壁及与所述第一侧壁连接的第一底壁，所述第二壳体包括第二侧壁及与所述第二侧壁连接的第二底壁。
在一些实施例中，所述第一侧壁设置有第一台阶部，所述第二侧壁设置有与所述第一台阶部对应的第二台阶部，所述第一壳体与所述第二壳体通过所述第一台阶部与所述第二台阶部连接形成所述壳体。
在一些实施例中，所述壳体还包括第三壳体，所述第一壳体为所述壳体的顶盖，所述第二壳体为所述壳体的侧壁，所述第三壳体为所述壳体的底盖，所述第一壳体、所述第二壳体及所述第三壳体依次连接形成所述壳体。
在一些实施例中，所述槽口的槽壁与所述密封材料之间填充有高温保护材料，所述极耳、所述密封材料及所述高温保护材料在所述槽口内形成m层结构体，其中，所述结构体的最外层的材质为所述高温保护材料，m为大于或等3且小于或等于10的正整数。
在一些实施例中，所述高温保护材料的熔点大于或等于300摄氏度。
在一些实施例中，所述高温保护材料包括钢合金、铝合金、铁合金、铜合金、液晶聚合物、对羟基苯甲醛、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚氯乙烯、聚酰亚胺、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物、聚碳酸酯、聚酰胺、聚苯乙烯中的任意一种。
在一些实施例中，所述第一壳体与所述第二壳体上下固定连接或者左右固定连接。
在一些实施例中，所述第一壳体与所述第二壳体通过胶粘、热封和焊接的至少一种固定连接在一起。
在一些实施例中，所述第一壳体与所述第二壳体的材质均包括钢合金、铝合金、铁合金、铜合金、液晶聚合物、对羟基苯甲醛、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚氯乙烯、聚酰亚胺、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物、聚碳酸酯、聚酰胺中的任意一种。
在一些实施例中，所述电极组件包括两个所述极耳，两个所述极耳均从所述槽口伸出至所述壳体的外侧。
在一些实施例中，所述电极组件包括阴极片、阳极片、隔离膜及两个所述极耳，所述隔离膜设置在所述阴极片与所述阳极片之间，两个所述极耳分别电连接于阴极片的阴极集流体及阳极片的阳极集流体。
在一些实施例中，两个所述极耳从所述壳体的同一侧伸出，或者两个所述极耳从所述壳体的不同侧伸出。
在一些实施例中，所述槽口的形状为矩形。
在一些实施例中，所述槽口的槽壁和所述密封材料中的一者设置有凸台，另一者设置有凹坑，所述凸台与所述凹坑卡合。
在一些实施例中，所述台阶部、第一台阶部与第二台阶部均为L型。
本申请的另外一方面在于提出了一种用电装置，包括电化学装置，所述电化学装置包括电极组件及容纳所述电极组件的壳体，所述壳体包括第一壳体及与所述第一壳体固定连接的第二壳体，所述第一壳体与所述第二壳体中的至少一者设置有槽口，所述电极组件包括极耳，所述极耳从所述槽口伸出至所述壳体的外侧，所述槽口填充有密封材料。
根据本申请实施例的电化学装置，通过在电化学装置的外壳上设置槽口来引出极耳，并在槽口填充密封材料来实现密封，密封结构简单且可靠性高，且该种密封形式占用空间低，可提升电化学装置的能量密度。
附图说明
本申请的上述和/或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解，其中：
图1示出了根据本申请一实施例的电化学装置的结构示意图；
图2示出了根据本申请一实施例的电极组件的结构示意图；
图3示出了根据本申请一实施例的槽口填充有密封材料的局部放大示意图；
图4a-4c示出了根据本申请一实施例的壳体的横截面的结构示意图；
图5a示出了根据本申请一实施例的第一壳体与第二壳体采用上下连接方式的结构示意图；
图5b示出了根据本申请一实施例的槽口设置于第二壳体的侧壁的结构示意图；
图6示出了根据本申请另一实施例的第一壳体与第二壳体采用上下连接方式的结构示意图；
图7示出了根据本申请一实施例的仅第二壳体设置有L型台阶部的结构示意图；
图8示出了根据本申请一实施例的第一壳体与第二壳体均设置有L型台阶部的结构示意图；
图9示出了根据本申请一实施例的第一壳体与第二壳体采用左右连接方式的结构示意图；
图10示出了根据本申请另一实施例的第一壳体与第二壳体采用左右连接方式的结构示意图；
图11示出了根据本申请一实施例的密封材料及阴极耳构成的结构体的结构示意图；
图12示出了根据本申请一实施例的密封材料、高温保护材料及阴极耳构成的结构体的结构示意图；
图13示出了根据本申请一实施例的阴极耳与阳极耳从壳体的不同侧伸出的结构示意图；
图14示出了根据本申请一实施例的阴极耳与阳极耳从壳体的同一侧伸出的结构示意图；
图15示出了根据本申请一实施例的槽口填充粘合剂的结构示意图；
图16示出了根据本申请一实施例的槽口的底壁设置有凹坑的结构示意图；
图17示出了根据本申请一实施例的槽口的底壁设置有凸台的结构示意 图；
图18示出了根据本申请一实施例的用电装置的模块示意图；
主要元件符号说明：
电极组件10，壳体20，密封材料30，高温保护材料40，电化学装置100，阴极耳101，阳极耳102，阴极片103，阳极片104，隔离膜105，第一壳体201，第二壳体202，槽口220，用电装置200，侧壁2020，底壁2022，第一侧壁2010，第一底壁2012，第二侧壁2024，第二底壁2026，凹坑2201，凸台2203。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本申请的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，仅用于解释本申请，而不能理解为对本申请的限制。
下面参考图1-图17具体描述根据本申请实施例的电化学装置100。
如图1-3所示，根据本申请实施例的电化学装置100，包括电极组件10及壳体20。电极组件10收容于壳体20内。如图2所示，电极组件10可以包括阴极耳101、阳极耳102、阴极片103、阳极片104及隔离膜105。隔离膜105设置在阴极片103与阳极片104之间，阴极耳101电连接于阴极片103的阴极集流体，阳极耳102电连接于阳极片104的阳极集流体。电极组件可以是由阴极片103、阳极片104及隔离膜105卷绕形成的卷绕电芯，也可以是由阴极片103、阳极片104及隔离膜105堆叠形成的叠片电芯。
阴极耳101和阳极耳102的材料可以是钢合金、铝合金、铁合金、铜合金、镍合金等耐电解液导电材质。阴极片103的阴极集流体为铜箔，阳极片104的阳极集流体为铝箔。
在一些实施例中，阴极耳101电连接阴极片103的阴极集流体的方式可以是焊接方式，或者其他连接方式(如导电胶粘贴方式)，阴极耳101也可以是由阴极片103的阴极集流体直接裁切形成。阳极耳102电连接阳极片104的阳极集流体的方式可以是焊接方式，或者其他连接方式(如导电胶粘贴方式)，阳极耳102也可以是由阳极片104的阳极集流体直接裁切形成。
在一些实施例中，如图1所示，壳体20包括第一壳体201及第二壳体202。第一壳体201与第二壳体202中的至少一者设置有槽口220，即槽口220可以仅设置在第一壳体201上，槽口220也可以仅设置在第二壳体202上，槽口220也可以同时设置在第一壳体201与第二壳体202上(此种设置方式可以是：第一壳体201上设置有第一子槽口，第二壳体202上设置有第二子槽口，第一子槽口与第二子槽口共同形成槽口220)。
在一些实施例中，如图1所示，阴极耳101与阳极耳102可以分别通过一个槽口220来实现伸出至壳体20的外侧。在其他实施例中，阴极耳101与阳极耳102也可以通过同一个槽口220来实现伸出至壳体20的外侧。即当阴极耳101与阳极耳102通过同一个槽口220来伸出至壳体20的外侧时，壳体20仅需设置一个槽口220，当阴极耳101与阳极耳102分别通过一个槽口220来伸出至壳体20的外侧时，壳体20需设置两个槽口220。为了使得壳体20的内腔与壳体20外表面隔绝开，确保壳体20内的电极组件10的电化学稳定性，槽口220还填充有密封材料30。
在一些实施例中，密封材料30可以是弹性密封材料或粘合剂。该弹性密封材料可选具有以下材料特性：耐电解液腐蚀、具有良好的耐介质性能、抗氧化、抗老化、耐高温、材料本身致密、透气性小、具有良好的绝缘效果、材料可压缩、具有良好的机械性能及加工性能。该弹性密封材料可以选自聚丙烯、聚碳酸酯、聚酰胺、聚苯乙烯、氟橡胶、可溶性聚四氟乙烯中的任意一种。该粘合剂可选具有以下特性：耐电解液腐蚀、抗氧化，抗老化、与金属或塑料具有良好的粘合性能、隔水性能良好、粘合剂本身致密、具有良好的绝缘效果、具有良好的耐高温性能。该粘合剂可以选自聚丙烯热熔胶、酚醛树脂胶、环氧胶中的任意一种。
在一些实施例中，第一壳体201和第二壳体202可以采用注塑、机加工、冲压等方式加工得到。第一壳体201和第二壳体202的尺寸可以根据实际的电化学装置100的设计需求进行设定，在此不作限定。第一壳体201的材质和第二壳体202的材质均可选为耐电解液材质，可以选自钢合金、铝合金、铁合金、铜合金、液晶聚合物、对羟基苯甲醛、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚氯乙烯、聚酰亚胺、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物、聚碳酸酯、聚酰胺中的任意一种。第一壳体201的横截面形状与第二壳体202的横截面形状可选相 同。第一壳体201与第二壳体202的横截面形状均可以为圆形，四边形，弧形，椭圆形，三角形，多边形(大于四条边)，不规则形状等。如图4a所示，示意出了壳体20的横截面形状为圆形。如图4b所示，示意出了壳体20的横截面形状为方形。如图4c所示，示意出了壳体20的横截面形状为不规则形状。
在一些实施例中，可以通过胶粘、热封、焊接等加工工艺来使得第一壳体201与第二壳体202连接成一个整体，形成壳体20。若密封材料30为弹性密封材料，在对第一壳体201与第二壳体202进行加工形成一个整体的过程中，槽口220内的弹性密封材料可以被紧密压缩(压缩比可为10～40％)，压缩后的弹性密封材料可完全填充槽口220，至此第一壳体201、第二壳体202及槽口220内的极耳及弹性密封材料形成密封结构。若密封材料30为粘合剂，在对第一壳体201与第二壳体202进行加工形成一个整体的过程中，粘合剂可填充槽口220，至此第一壳体201、第二壳体202及槽口220内的极耳及粘合剂形成电化学装置100的密封结构。
在一些实施例中，壳体20还包括是由三个或三个以上的壳体部分来组装形成。比如，壳体20包括独立的第一壳体、第二壳体及第三壳体，第一壳体为壳体20的顶盖，第二壳体为壳体20的侧壁，第三壳体为壳体20的底盖。第一壳体、第二壳体及第三壳体依次连接形成壳体20。再比如，壳体20包括独立的第一壳体、第二壳体、第三壳体及第四壳体，第一壳体为壳体20的顶盖，第二壳体为壳体20的第一侧壁，第二壳体为壳体20的第二侧壁、第四壳体为壳体20的底盖。第一壳体、第二壳体、第三壳体及第四壳体依次连接形成壳体20。
本申请实施例的电化学装置100，通过在壳体上设置槽口来引出极耳并在槽口内填充密封材料，密封结构简单可靠，且占用壳体空间小，可提升电化学装置的能量密度。
如图5a所示，壳体20包括第一壳体201与第二壳体202。第一壳体201为壳体20的顶盖，第二壳体202包括侧壁2020及连接该侧壁2020的底壁2022。侧壁2020可以是圆环形侧壁、四边形侧壁、多边形侧壁(大于四个边)，不规则形状侧壁等。如图5b所示，槽口220设置于第二壳体202上，槽口220的形状可以为矩形，由于第一壳体201为顶盖，第一壳体201不设 置槽口。阴极耳101从槽口220中伸出至壳体20的外侧，密封材料30(比如氟橡胶)设置于槽口220中。第一壳体201与第二壳体202采用上下连接方式，第一壳体201与第二壳体202的接触面均为平面。
在进行壳体装配时，可以先将第二壳体202放置于平台夹具上固定，再将第一壳体201放置于第二壳体202的上方，并通过外部压力作用于第一壳体201，此时第一壳体201将紧贴于第二壳体202，再采用胶粘工艺、热封工艺、焊接工艺中的一种或多种工艺组合将第一壳体201与第二壳体202连接成一个整体。同时槽口220处的氟橡胶将会被紧密压缩(压缩比可达10～40％)，压缩后的氟橡胶可完全填充槽口220，进而实现将壳体20的内腔与壳体20外表面隔绝开，确保壳体20内的电极组件10的电化学稳定性。
如图6所示，壳体20包括第一壳体201与第二壳体202。第一壳体201与第二壳体202均包括侧壁及连接该侧壁的底壁。具体地，第一壳体201包括第一侧壁2010及连接该第一侧壁2010的第一底壁2012，第二壳体202包括第二侧壁2024及连接该第二侧壁2024的第二底壁2026。槽口220设置于第二壳体202上，
在一些实施例中，当第一壳体201包括侧壁时，第一壳体201还可设置有第一槽口，第二壳体202设置有与该第一槽口对应的第二槽口，该第一槽口与该第二槽口共同形成该槽口220。在进行壳体装配时，可以先将第二壳体202放置于平台夹具上固定，再将第一壳体201放置于第二壳体202的上方并需确保第一壳体201的第一槽口对准第二壳体的第二槽口，再通过外部压力作用于第一壳体201，此时第一壳体201将紧贴于第二壳体202，最后采用胶粘工艺、热封工艺、焊接工艺中的一种或多种工艺组合将第一壳体201与第二壳体202连接成一个整体。
如图7所示，壳体20包括第一壳体201与第二壳体202。第一壳体201为壳体20的顶盖，第二壳体202包括侧壁2020及连接该侧壁2020的底壁2022。第一壳体201与第二壳体202采用上下连接方式，第二壳体202的侧壁2020上设置有L型台阶部L1。L型台阶部L1用于承载第一壳体20。
在一些实施例中，L型台阶部L1可以包括第一水平部L11、第一竖直部L12及第二水平部L13。第一水平部L11、第一竖直部L12及第二水平部L13形成的L型台阶部L1为一阶台阶形状。
如图8所示，壳体20包括第一壳体201与第二壳体202。第二壳体202包括侧壁2020及连接该侧壁2020的底壁2022。第一壳体201与第二壳体202采用上下连接方式，第一壳体201上设置有第一L型台阶部L1a，第二壳体202上设置有与该第一L型台阶部L1a对应的第二L型台阶部L1b。第一L型台阶部L1a与第二L型台阶部L1b榫接。
在一些实施例中，第一L型台阶部L1a和第二L型台阶部L1b可选具有相同的台阶数。第一L型台阶部L1a和第二L型台阶部L1b可以是一阶台阶形状，也可以是二阶或二阶以上的台阶形状。
在其他实施例中，台阶部L1、L1a和L1b不限于L型，可以是其他带有台阶的形状。
图9所示的壳体20与图5所示的壳体20的结构相同，不同之处在于第一壳体201与第二壳体202采用左右连接方式，在此不再详述。
图10所示的壳体20与图6所示的壳体20的结构相同，不同之处在于第一壳体201与第二壳体202采用左右连接方式，在此不再详述。
如图11所示，以槽口220仅包括阴极耳101为例进行说明，密封材料30可以预先通过胶粘工艺、热熔工艺、焊接工艺、注塑工艺中的任意一种加工工艺在阴极耳101上形成一个结构体，再将结构体放置于槽口220。在进行壳体装配时，结构体将会被紧密压缩变形，压缩后的密封材料30可完全填充槽口220，进而实现将壳体20的内腔与壳体20外表面隔绝开。
如图12所示，由于密封材料的熔点一般在150摄氏度，为了避免第一壳体201与第二壳体202在焊接装配形成壳体20的过程中，焊接高温对密封材料30造成破坏，还可以预先在阴极耳101上形成由密封材料30与高温保护材料40构成的结构体。通过在密封材料30的外表面包裹一层高温保护材料40，来实现避免密封材料30被焊接时的高温破坏。在进行壳体装配时，结构体将会被紧密压缩变形，压缩后的密封材料30可填充槽口220，且槽口220的壁与密封材料30之间填充有高温保护材料40，避免密封材料30被焊接时的高温破坏。由于第一壳体201与第二壳体202在焊接装配形成壳体20的过程中的焊接温度将近300摄氏度，高温保护材料40的熔点可选大于或等于300摄氏度。
在一些实施例中，高温保护材料40可以选自钢合金、铝合金、铁合金、 铜合金、液晶聚合物、对羟基苯甲醛、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚氯乙烯、聚酰亚胺、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物、聚碳酸酯、聚酰胺、聚苯乙烯中的任意一种。
在一些实施例中，阴极耳101、密封材料30及高温保护材料40可以形成结构体的层数可以为m层，每层材料的组合顺序可以根据实际需求进行确定，但结构体最外层的材质需要为所述高温保护材料40，m可选为大于或等3且小于或等于10的正整数。举例而言，阴极耳101、密封材料30及高温保护材料40形成的结构体为3层，第一层为阴极耳101，第二层为密封材料30，第三层为高温保护材料40。阴极耳101、密封材料30及高温保护材料40形成的结构体为5层，第一层为阴极耳101，第二层为密封材料30，第三层为高温保护材料40，第四层为密封材料30，第五层为高温保护材料40。
如图13和图14所示，当阴极耳101与阳极耳102不共用一个槽口220时，阴极耳101与阳极耳102可以从壳体20的不同侧伸出。
如图1所示，在一些实施例中，当阴极耳101与阳极耳102不共用一个槽口220时，阴极耳101与阳极耳102也可以从壳体20的同一侧伸出。
如图15所示，密封材料30为粘合剂，在进行壳体装配时，可以先将第二壳体202放置于平台夹具上固定，再将第一壳体201放置于第二壳体202的上方，并通过外部压力作用于第一壳体201，此时第一壳体201将紧贴于第二壳体202，再采用胶粘工艺、热封工艺、焊接工艺中的一种或多种工艺组合将第一壳体201与第二壳体202连接成一个整体，粘合剂可填充槽口220及壳体20外侧的槽口周围区域，进而实现将壳体20的内腔与壳体20外表面隔绝开，确保壳体20内的电极组件10的电化学稳定性。
如图16所示，为了提升密封材料30的密封可靠性，槽口220的底壁设置有凹坑2201，密封材料30上可设置一与该凹坑2201对应的凸台，通过该凸台与该凹坑2201卡合来使得密封材料30和槽口220形成限位结构，使密封材料30牢固地固定在槽口220中。
如图17所示，为了提升密封材料30的密封可靠性，槽口220的底壁还可设置有凸台2203，密封材料30上可设置一与该凸台2203对应的凹坑，通过该凸台2203与该凹坑卡合来使得密封材料30形成限位结构，使密封 材料30牢固地固定在槽口220中。
此外，如图18所示，本申请还公开了一种用电装置200，该用电装置200包括上述任一种情况的电化学装置100。用电装置200可以为电动摩托、电动单车、电功工具、电动汽车、无人机、手机、平板电脑、个人数字助理、个人电脑，或者任何其他适合的可充电式设备。
在本申请的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”、“轴向”、“径向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。在本申请的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示意性实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本申请的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
尽管已经示出和描述了本申请的实施例，本领域的普通技术人员可以理解：在不脱离本申请的原理和宗旨的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本申请的范围由权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (24)

  1. 一种电化学装置，包括电极组件及容纳所述电极组件的壳体，其特征在于：
    所述壳体包括第一壳体及与所述第一壳体固定连接的第二壳体，所述第一壳体与所述第二壳体中的至少一者设置有槽口，所述电极组件包括极耳，所述极耳从所述槽口伸出至所述壳体的外侧，所述槽口填充有密封材料。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，所述密封材料为弹性密封材料或粘合剂。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，所述粘合剂包括聚丙烯热熔胶、酚醛树脂胶、环氧胶中的任意一种。
  4. 如权利要求2所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，所述弹性密封材料包括聚丙烯、聚碳酸酯、聚酰胺、聚苯乙烯、氟橡胶、可溶性聚四氟乙烯中的任意一种。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，所述第一壳体未设置有所述槽口，所述第二壳体设置有所述槽口。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，所述第一壳体为所述壳体的顶盖，所述第二壳体包括侧壁及与所述侧壁连接的底壁。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，所述侧壁设置有台阶部，所述台阶部用于承载所述顶盖。
  8. 如权利要求6所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，所述侧壁设置有第一台阶部，所述顶盖设置有与所述第一台阶部对应的第二台阶部，所述第一壳体与所述第二壳体通过所述第一台阶部与所述第二台阶部连接形成所述壳体。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，所述第一壳体设置有第一槽口，所述第二壳体设置有与所述第一槽口对应的第二槽口，所述槽口由所述第一槽口和所述第二槽口包围形成。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，所述第一壳体包括第一侧壁及与所述第一侧壁连接的第一底壁，所述第二壳体包括第二侧壁及与所述第二侧壁连接的第二底壁。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，所述第一侧壁设置有第一台阶部，所述第二侧壁设置有与所述第一台阶部对应的第二台阶部，所述第一壳体与所述第二壳体通过所述第一台阶部与所述第二台阶部连接形成所述壳体。
  12. 如权利要求1所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，所述壳体还包括第三壳体，所述第一壳体为所述壳体的顶盖，所述第二壳体为所述壳体的侧壁，所述第三壳体为所述壳体的底盖，所述第一壳体、所述第二壳体及所述第三壳体依次连接形成所述壳体。
  13. 如权利要求1所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，所述槽口的槽壁与所述密封材料之间填充有高温保护材料，所述极耳、所述密封材料及所述高温保护材料在所述槽口内形成m层结构体，其中，所述结构体的最外层的材质为所述高温保护材料，m为大于或等3且小于或等于10的正整数。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，所述高温保护材料的熔点大于或等于300摄氏度。
  15. 如权利要求13所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，所述高温保护材料包括钢合金、铝合金、铁合金、铜合金、液晶聚合物、对羟基苯甲醛、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚氯乙烯、聚酰亚胺、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物、聚碳酸酯、聚酰胺、聚苯乙烯中的任意一种。
  16. 如权利要求1所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，所述第一壳体与所述第二壳体上下固定连接或者左右固定连接。
  17. 如权利要求1所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，所述第一壳体与所述第二壳体通过胶粘、热封和焊接的至少一种固定连接在一起。
  18. 如权利要求1所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，所述第一壳体与所述第二壳体的材质均包括钢合金、铝合金、铁合金、铜合金、液晶聚合物、对羟基苯甲醛、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚氯乙烯、聚酰亚胺、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物、聚碳酸酯、聚酰胺中的任意一种。
  19. 如权利要求1所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，所述电极组件包括两个所述极耳，两个所述极耳均从所述槽口伸出至所述壳体的外侧。
  20. 如权利要求1所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，所述电极组件包括阴极片、阳极片、隔离膜及两个所述极耳，所述隔离膜设置在所述阴极片与所述 阳极片之间，两个所述极耳分别电连接于阴极片的阴极集流体及阳极片的阳极集流体。
  21. 如权利要求20所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，两个所述极耳从所述壳体的同一侧伸出，或者两个所述极耳从所述壳体的不同侧伸出。
  22. 如权利要求1所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，所述槽口的形状为矩形。
  23. 如权利要求1所述的电化学装置，其特征在于，所述槽口的槽壁和所述密封材料中的一者设置有凸台，另一者设置有凹坑，所述凸台与所述凹坑卡合。
  24. 一种用电装置，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1-23中任意一项所述的电化学装置。
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