WO2021248660A1 - 多功能动力工具的头身快换结构及多功能动力工具 - Google Patents

多功能动力工具的头身快换结构及多功能动力工具 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021248660A1
WO2021248660A1 PCT/CN2020/106163 CN2020106163W WO2021248660A1 WO 2021248660 A1 WO2021248660 A1 WO 2021248660A1 CN 2020106163 W CN2020106163 W CN 2020106163W WO 2021248660 A1 WO2021248660 A1 WO 2021248660A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
head
torsion ring
power tool
lock block
multifunctional power
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/106163
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李跃辉
龙啸
Original Assignee
浙江德硕电器有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 浙江德硕电器有限公司 filed Critical 浙江德硕电器有限公司
Priority to EP20939939.3A priority Critical patent/EP4166279A4/en
Publication of WO2021248660A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021248660A1/zh
Priority to US18/078,892 priority patent/US20230108174A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25F—COMBINATION OR MULTI-PURPOSE TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DETAILS OR COMPONENTS OF PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS NOT PARTICULARLY RELATED TO THE OPERATIONS PERFORMED AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B25F3/00—Associations of tools for different working operations with one portable power-drive means; Adapters therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B45/00—Hand-held or like portable drilling machines, e.g. drill guns; Equipment therefor
    • B23B45/02—Hand-held or like portable drilling machines, e.g. drill guns; Equipment therefor driven by electric power
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B17/00—Connecting constructional elements or machine parts by a part of or on one member entering a hole in the other and involving plastic deformation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of power tools, in particular to a head-body quick-change structure of a multifunctional power tool and a multifunctional power tool.
  • the hand-held tool controls the start and stop of the motor through the start and stop buttons, so that the motor torque is transmitted to the drill, saw, grinding disc, hammer and other parts through a certain torque transmission structure, so that the drill, saw, turntable, etc. can rotate, reciprocate and expand or contract.
  • the elastic clamp is a metal wire or metal sheet, which is often in line contact with the tool holder.
  • the contact area is small, the tolerance is small, and the stability of the fixing is relatively weak. There is a certain vibration of the tool holder during operation, which affects operate.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, and provide a quick-change structure for the head and body of a multifunctional power tool and a multifunctional power tool.
  • the quick-change structure of the head and body of the multifunctional power tool including: the body shell;
  • the torsion ring is rotatably arranged in the fuselage shell and located beside the socket of the fuselage shell, and its axis is at least parallel to the axis of the socket;
  • the handpiece is detachably inserted into the socket of the torsion ring;
  • An energy storage device which drives the torsion ring to rotate and reset
  • a head lock block which can move linearly between a first position and a second position in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the torsion ring during the rotation of the torsion ring;
  • the head lock block does not have a part located on the movement path of the card table.
  • the outer circumferential surface of the torsion ring is provided with an operating plate.
  • the operating plate and the torsion ring are integrally formed or detachably assembled, and the outer surface of the operating plate is formed with the body shell The inside extends at least to the boss in the arc-shaped hole on the fuselage shell.
  • an arc-shaped through hole for installing the head lock block is formed on the torsion ring, and the thickness of the outer part of the arc-shaped through hole is equal to The sum of the thickness of the handpiece lock block is consistent with the width of the card slot on the handpiece.
  • the head lock block has an arc-shaped hole or an oblique hole, and an arc hole or an oblique hole is inserted into the arc hole or the oblique hole.
  • a drive pin with parallel axes and located on the torsion ring the drive pin drives the head lock block to move between a first position and a second position during the rotation of the torsion ring.
  • the body shell is provided with a guide block close to the opposite end faces of the head lock block.
  • a guide sleeve is provided in the body shell coaxially with the drive ring, and the handpiece has a matching guide sleeve. Pilot hole.
  • a fixed plate coaxial with the torsion ring is arranged in the body shell, and the distance between the fixed plate and the head lock block is It is equivalent to the width of the card table.
  • the chuck table is formed with an inclined surface inclined from its inner end to an outer end, and the machine head lock block has a matching surface with the inclined surface.
  • the head-body quick-change structure of the multifunctional power tool there are at least one pair of head lock blocks, and there are four chamfers.
  • the body shell is provided with a steering switch key
  • the socket of the body shell is provided with a steering switch locking member
  • the steering switch lock The piece can be driven to move linearly between the third position and the fourth position
  • the steering switch key In the fourth position, the steering switch key is restricted to be in the forward or reverse position or the steering switch key is restricted to be in the locked parking position and can only move to one side.
  • the multifunctional power tool includes the head-body quick-change structure of any of the above-mentioned multifunctional power tools.
  • the design of this scheme is extremely.
  • the rotation of the torsion ring is used to drive the head lock block to move linearly to realize the locking and unlocking of the head and the body shell.
  • the rotary unlocking structure is used to replace the pressing structure.
  • the rotary structure is relative to the pressing structure.
  • the guide sleeve, guide block and fixed plate of this scheme are integrally formed, and the machine head is directly guided through its square hole and guide sleeve.
  • the overall structure is compact, with few parts and components, and it is easy to realize industrialization and popularize and apply.
  • the structural design of the steering switch key and the steering switch lock part of this solution can effectively meet the function of realizing one-way operation after the machine head is assembled, without manual re-adjustment of the motor steering, effectively avoiding the risk of misoperation or forgetting the operation.
  • Figure 1 is a front view of the power tool of the present invention taking an electric drill as an example
  • Figure 2 is a partial exploded view of the head-body quick-change structure of the present invention (the half of the right side of the fuselage shell and the partial structure of the front end of the nose are concealed in the figure);
  • Figure 3 is a side cross-sectional view of the assembled state of the head-body quick-change structure of the present invention (the part of the structure of the body shell and the part of the front end of the nose are hidden in the figure)
  • Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of area A in Fig. 3;
  • Figure 5 is a three-dimensional exploded view of the head-body quick-change structure of the present invention (in the figure, the right half of the body shell and the part of the front end of the nose are concealed);
  • Figure 6 is a top view of the torsion ring of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is an end cross-sectional view of the assembled state of the head-body quick-change structure of the present invention (the part of the structure of the body shell and the part of the front end of the nose are hidden in the figure);
  • Fig. 8 is an enlarged view of the head-body quick-change area in Fig. 7;
  • Figure 9 is a top view of the assembled state of the head lock block and the drive pin, the guide block, the guide sleeve and the fixing plate of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the automatic locking structure of the connector and the mechanism lock block of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the steering switch key and the steering switch locking member of the present invention on the body shell;
  • Figure 12 is a front view of the steering switch key and the steering switch lock of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is a top view of the steering switch key and the steering switch locking member of the present invention.
  • Fig. 14 is a plan view of the steering switch lock of the present invention.
  • the head-body quick-change structure of the multifunctional power tool disclosed in the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
  • the shape of the body shell 100 can refer to the shape of various existing hand-held tools, for example, it can be the shell shape of a gun-shaped electric drill or the shell shape of a pen-shaped electric drill.
  • the fuselage shell 100 may be a combination of two symmetrical halves (only the structure of the left half is shown in the figure) and a structure with a cavity inside and a socket at one end. It includes a holding part for human hand holding and a mounting part.
  • the mounting part is formed with an approximately circular inner cavity, and the front end of the mounting part forms the socket 120.
  • the socket 120 of the body shell 100 is detachably connected to the head 300.
  • the body The power source (motor) in the housing 100 can be connected to the power transmission structure in the machine head 300 and output the power of the power source to the working head for work, so that the power of the power source in the fuselage housing 100 can be passed through the machine.
  • the output of the head 300 realizes drilling, hammering, shearing and other operations.
  • the handpiece 300 Since the handpiece 300 has many types according to different functions, for example, it can be the handpiece of an electric drill or a reciprocating saw or an electric hammer. Therefore, in actual use, the handpiece 300 needs to be adjusted according to different usage requirements. Replacement. In order to facilitate the replacement, a certain quick-change structure needs to be provided between the head 300 and the body shell 100. The preferred implementation mode and the principle of the quick-change structure will be described in detail below.
  • the housing 310 of the handpiece 300 with different functions includes a connector 311, and the connector 311 includes a square socket portion 312 and a limiting portion 313.
  • the outer contour of 312 is preferably a square, and the center of the socket 312 is a square hole.
  • At least one side wall 3122 of the socket portion 312 is formed with a chucking table 3121 extending a certain distance from its inner end (the end facing the socket of the fuselage shell during assembly) to the outer end.
  • the chucking table 3121 is formed, and the outer peripheries of the four chucking tables 3121 form a circular contour, so as to avoid interference with the rotation of the torsion ring 200;
  • a card slot 314 is formed between the end faces.
  • the machine head 300 when the machine head 300 needs to be locked in the fuselage shell 100, it can be embedded in the machine head through at least one machine head lock block 500 in the fuselage shell 100.
  • the card slot 314 is in contact with the outer end surface of the card table 3121 (the end surface facing the limit part 313).
  • the head lock block 500 blocks the movement of the card table 3121, thereby restricting the movement of the card table 3121.
  • the handpiece 300 is moved out of the body shell 100; when the handpiece 300 needs to be removed, the handpiece lock block 500 is moved out of the card slot 314 to release the restriction on the movement of the handpiece head 300 by the handpiece lock block 500 At this time, the handpiece 300 can be pulled out from the body shell 100.
  • the structure for driving the above-mentioned handpiece lock block 500 to move between different positions to realize the locking and unlocking of the handpiece is as follows, as shown in FIG. 2, FIG. 3, and FIG.
  • a torsion ring 200 is arranged to rotate on its own.
  • the axis of the torsion ring 200 is at least parallel to the axis of the socket of the fuselage shell 100.
  • the torsion ring 200 can be opposed to the fuselage shell 100 around its axis under the action of external force. rotation.
  • the outer contour of the main body 230 of the torsion ring 200 is approximately circular, with a circular insertion hole 220 in the center, and at least one arc-shaped through hole formed on the outer circumferential surface 210 thereof 240.
  • the two arc-shaped through holes 240 are arranged symmetrically, and the arc length is slightly smaller than the semi-circular arc length of the main body 230.
  • the guide plates 130 have a thickness equivalent to that of, and they form guide grooves to limit the position of the torsion ring 200.
  • the sum of the thickness of the outer part 250 located outside the arc-shaped through hole 240 and the head lock block 500 is equivalent to the width of the slot 314, so that the head 300 can be effectively limited.
  • an operating plate 700 is provided on the outer circumferential surface 210 of the torsion ring 200.
  • the operating plate 700 may be one or two. Or more, as shown in FIG. 8, preferably two, and the two operation boards 700 are located between the two arc-shaped through holes 240.
  • Each operating panel 700 includes an arc-shaped main body 720.
  • the arc-shaped main body 720 and the outer circumferential surface of the torsion ring 200 can be integrally formed or assembled.
  • the arc-shaped main body 720 and A reinforcement part 730 is formed between the torsion rings 200.
  • the inner wall of the arc-shaped main body or the outer circumferential surface 210 of the torsion ring 200 are formed with mutually matching inserts or slots.
  • a boss 710 is formed on the outer surface of the arc-shaped main body 720, the boss 710 is located in the middle of the arc-shaped main body 720, and the boss 710 is at least embedded In the arc-shaped hole 110 on the fuselage shell 100, the size of the arc-shaped hole 110 is smaller than the arc-shaped main body 720, and the boss 710 can move in the arc-shaped hole 110.
  • the machine head lock block 500 can lock the machine head 300.
  • the boss 710 is moved to the other end of the arc-shaped hole 110, the machine head The head lock block 500 does not lock the handpiece 300.
  • the surface of the boss 710 is approximately flush with the outer surface of the body shell 100, and a row of parallel grooves 711 are formed.
  • the grooves 711 can increase friction and facilitate Manual operation; at the same time, the surface of the boss 710 is formed with a convex rib 712 at one end thereof, and the convex rib 712 protrudes to the outside of the surface of the fuselage housing 100, so as to effectively limit the position of the operator’s fingers, Reduce the difficulty of operation.
  • the torsion ring 200 After the torsion ring 200 is manually driven to rotate through the operating panel 700, it needs to be reset. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 7, the torsion ring 200 is also connected to an energy device 400 that drives it to reset after rotation.
  • the energy storage device 400 can deform and accumulate energy when the torsion ring 200 is manually rotated. When the external force applied by the human hand to the torsion ring 200 is released, the energy storage device 400 releases the accumulated energy to reset the direction of the torsion ring 200.
  • the energy storage device 400 can be various elastic members with elastic deformation capabilities, such as springs, torsion springs, shrapnels, etc.
  • a common spring is taken as an example for description: as shown in FIG. 6,
  • the inner part 260 inside the arc-shaped through hole 240 of the torsion ring 200 has two notches 270 located between the two operating plates 700 and keeping a distance, and the side surface of the partition 280 between the two notches 270
  • a convex point 290 is formed at the position, one end of the spring is sleeved on the outer circumference of the convex point 290, and the other end of the spring is fixed or abutted against the supporting structure 140 in the body shell 100.
  • the supporting structure 140 It can be a groove or a bump.
  • At least one machine head lock block 500 is provided on the torsion ring 200 to be linearly movable along the direction perpendicular to its axis.
  • the machine head lock block 500 is two And they are symmetrically arranged in the arc-shaped through hole 240 between the two operating plates 700, and the thickness of the head lock block 500 is equivalent to the width of the arc-shaped through hole 240.
  • the head lock block 500 is approximately a rectangular parallelepiped block as a whole, and its surface facing the inner wall of the fuselage shell 100 is an arc surface.
  • the arc-shaped through hole 240 is also provided with a drive pin 800 parallel to the axis of the torsion ring 200, and the drive pin 800 penetrates the machine head lock block 500.
  • An oblique hole or an arc hole taking the arc hole 520 as an example, the first end 521 of the arc hole 520 is close to the arc surface of the top of the head lock block, and the second end 522 is close to the
  • the machine head lock block 500 is opposite to the bottom surface of the arc surface, and the driving pin 800 drives the machine head lock block 500 to move linearly between the first position and the second position during the rotation of the torsion ring 200.
  • the drive pin 800 In the first position, as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 8, the drive pin 800 is located at the first end of the arc-shaped hole 520, and the head lock block 500 has a torsion ring 200 extending into it.
  • the blocking part 510 in the jack 220 and located on the movement path of the card table 3121 of the handpiece 300 When connected to the body shell or pulled out from the body shell to the outside of the socket, the movement track of the card table 311 in the body shell.
  • the blocking part 510 can be inserted into the slot 314 of the handpiece 300 while blocking the part 510.
  • the inner end surface of the torsion ring 200 is attached to the outer end surface of the clamping platform 3121, and at the same time, the outer end surface 251 of the outer portion 250 of the torsion ring 200 is close to or abuts against the inner end surface 3131 of the limiting portion 313, so that the blocking The part 510 can restrict the chuck 3121, and further restrict the nose 300 in the body shell 100.
  • the driving pin 800 When the torsion ring 200 rotates clockwise, the driving pin 800 is driven to rotate clockwise and move from the first end to the second end of the arc-shaped hole 520, because the machine head lock block 500 can only follow a straight line Therefore, during the rotation of the driving pin 800, the head lock block 500 is lifted to move to the second position.
  • the handpiece lock block 500 does not have a part located on the movement path of the chuck 3121.
  • the blocking part 510 mentioned above is withdrawn from the insertion hole 220 of the torsion ring 200, which will not The movement of the card table 3121 on the head 300 is restricted.
  • the fuselage housing 100 is provided with a device close to the opposite end faces 530 of each machine head lock block 500.
  • Guide block 900 The two end faces 530 of the head lock block 500 are planes parallel to the symmetry axis 150 of the fuselage shell 100.
  • the guide block 900 extends from one side of the two notches 270 of the torsion ring 200 to The other side and their end faces facing the machine head lock block 500 are matched planes.
  • the two guide blocks 900 restrict the direction of the machine head lock block 500.
  • a guide sleeve 1000 coaxial with the drive ring 200 is provided in the body shell 100, and the guide sleeve 1000 Extending from the inner end of the torsion ring 200 to the insertion hole of the torsion ring 200, the outer contour of the guide sleeve 1000 can be various possible polygonal shapes, preferably a quadrilateral shape, and is compatible with the handpiece 300 The shape and size of the socket 312 match. When assembling, the guide sleeve 1000 is coaxially inserted into the socket portion 312.
  • the guide sleeve 1000 and the guide block 900 are located on the same fixing plate 600, and the fixing plate 600 is fixed in the body shell 100, which can also be used to fix a motor,
  • the center of the fixing plate 600 forms a hole through which the power supply shaft or the spline connecting the motor shaft passes.
  • the distance between the outer end surface (the end surface facing the machine head lock block) of the fixing plate 600 and the inner end surface 540 of the machine head lock block 500 is equivalent to the width of the card table 3121, so that the card The table 3121 can be effectively limited between the fixed plate 600 and the head lock block 500 to ensure the stability of the lock.
  • a slope 3123 inclined from the inner end to the outer side of the outer end is formed on part or all of the chucking table 3121 of the head 300, and the head lock
  • the block 500 has a chamfer that matches the inclined surface 3123. Further, the included angle a between the inclined surface 3123 and the side wall 3122 where the clamping platform 3121 is located is greater than the included angle b between the inclined surface 550 corresponding to the chamfer and the side wall 3122.
  • the inclined surface 3123 contacts the inclined surface 550 and drives the handpiece lock block 500 to move away from the axis of the torsion ring 200, that is, The head lock block 500 moves from the first position to the second position, while the torsion ring 200 rotates to apply pressure to the energy storage device 400 to deform and store energy.
  • the handpiece lock block 500 moves to the top of the inclined surface 3123 (the distance from the side wall 3122 where the card table 3121 is located is the longest), Subsequently, when the chucking table 3121 moves to the inner side of the handpiece lock block 500, the chucking table 3121 no longer provides a supporting force to the handpiece lock block 500, so that the energy storage device 400 releases the accumulation
  • the energy drives the reverse rotation of the torsion ring 200 and drives the head lock block 500 to move in the direction of the axis of the torsion ring 200, that is, the head lock block 500 moves from the second position to the first position,
  • the machine head lock block 500 and the card table 3121 have overlapping parts and the machine head lock block 500 is located outside of the card table 3121, thereby confining the machine head 300 to the body shell 100 Inside.
  • the fuselage shell 100 is provided with conventional power tool structures such as a motor 4000, a transmission structure (marked in the figure), and a control board. And the fuselage shell 100 is provided with a start button 6000 protruding outside the fuselage shell 100 to control the start and stop of the motor 4000, and the steering switch keys 2000 with both ends protruding outside the shell body to control the forward and reverse of the motor 4000 Turn and lock.
  • a start button 6000 protruding outside the fuselage shell 100 to control the start and stop of the motor 4000
  • the steering switch keys 2000 with both ends protruding outside the shell body to control the forward and reverse of the motor 4000 Turn and lock.
  • the start button 6000 can control the motor rotation; when the steering switch button 2000 is in the left position (forward rotation position), start Key 6000 can control the forward rotation of the motor; when the steering switch key 2000 is in the right position (reverse position), the start key can control the reverse rotation of the motor.
  • the entire hand-held tool can be powered by a known power cord connected to the mains and/or battery power.
  • the above-mentioned structures such as the motor 4000, the control panel, the start key 6000, the steering switch key 2000, and the power supply are all conventional configurations of various hand-held tools, which are not the design points of this solution, and will not be repeated here.
  • the handpiece 300 may be a known handpiece with various functions, and a transmission structure that can be connected to the motor 4000 is provided in the handpiece 300, so as to transmit the torque of the motor to the working head installed on the handpiece 300, For example, drill bits, reciprocating saw blades, grinding discs and punches, etc., and drive them to rotate or move back and forth.
  • a transmission structure that can be connected to the motor 4000 is provided in the handpiece 300, so as to transmit the torque of the motor to the working head installed on the handpiece 300, For example, drill bits, reciprocating saw blades, grinding discs and punches, etc., and drive them to rotate or move back and forth.
  • the machine head 300 with different functions is provided with a torque output structure that can be directly or indirectly connected to the motor and transmit torque.
  • a torque output structure that can be directly or indirectly connected to the motor and transmit torque.
  • FIG. 300 is provided with an output shaft 7000 coaxially and rotatable.
  • a coaxially fixed spline 5000 on the rotating shaft of the motor 4000 is inserted into the output shaft In the spline groove formed at the inner end face of the 7000, power transmission is realized.
  • the torque output structure can output the rotational motion of the motor into a reciprocating linear motion or a swing motion.
  • the corresponding structures are all known technologies, which are not the design points of this solution, and will not be repeated here.
  • the connection structure of the torque output structure and the motor in the handpiece 300 can also refer to the torque output structure disclosed in the prior art such as application numbers 981185789, 991005600, 011119624, 2007200359081.
  • the steering control mechanism includes a frontal steering switch key 2000 provided on the fuselage housing 100, a steering switch locking member 3000 is provided at the socket of the fuselage housing 100, and the steering The switch locking member 3000 is driven by an elastic member 9000 to reset after moving, and the steering switch locking member 3000 can be driven to linearly move between the third position and the fourth position,
  • the steering switch key is restricted to be in the forward or reverse position, or the steering switch key 2000 is restricted to be in the locked parking position and can only move to one side.
  • the steering switch locking member 3000 is located at the socket where the fuselage shell 100 is docked with different tool holders, and the fuselage shell 100 is provided with a guide for the steering switch locking member 3000
  • the guiding structure is, for example, a set of positioning notches or a positioning groove provided on the inner wall of the fuselage shell 100 to ensure that the steering switching lock 3000 can reciprocate along the direction parallel to the axis of the torsion ring.
  • the steering switch locking member 3000 includes a main board 3100 and a blocking portion 3200 located on the bottom surface thereof.
  • the main board 3100 includes a front end board 3110 and a rear end board 3120.
  • the end of the back end board 3120 is formed with In the bent portion 3130, the blocking portion 3200 is a cylinder, and preferably a cylinder.
  • the elastic member 9000 may be an elastic element that deforms when compressed and automatically recovers when the pressure is relieved.
  • it may be a spring, a metal shrapnel, etc., or even a sponge, etc., preferably a spring.
  • the spring is sleeved on the periphery of the rear end plate 3120, and one end of the spring abuts against the stepped surface of the front end of the rear end plate 3120, Its other end abuts against a baffle 150 formed on the inner wall of the fuselage shell 100. Therefore, when the front end of the main board 3100 receives a force, it can move into the housing; when the external force is eliminated, the elastic member 9000 makes the main board 3100 move and reset.
  • the blocking portion 3200 on the main board 3100 limits the movement range of the steering switch lock 2000 or drives the steering switch lock 2000 to move to a certain position. A fixed position.
  • the steering switch locking member 2000 has a structure corresponding to the blocking portion 3200. As shown in FIG. 12 and FIG. 13, during the movement of the main board 3100, the blocking portion 3200 on the main board 3100 limits the movement range of the steering switch lock 2000 or drives the steering switch lock 2000 to move to a certain position. A fixed position.
  • the steering switch locking member 2000 has a structure corresponding to the blocking portion 3200. As shown in FIG. 12 and FIG.
  • the steering switch locking member 2000 includes at least the steering switch lock The first baffle 2100 whose axis X of the member 2000 is vertical, when the steering switch locking member 2000 is located in the middle position, the first baffle 2100 is located on one side of the blocking portion 3200 (shown as the left side in the drawing),
  • the steering switch lock member 3000 is at the first position, that is, when the elastic member 9000 is in a natural state, the blocking portion 3200 has no contact with the first baffle 2100 of the steering switch lock member 2000 in the middle position, Moreover, the first baffle 2100 and the blocking part 3200 are completely misaligned, that is, the blocking part 3200 is not on the moving path of the first baffle 2100, so that the first baffle 2100 can move freely.
  • the blocking portion 3200 moves to the moving path of the first baffle plate 2100, thereby defining the middle position of the steering switch locking member 2000
  • the first baffle 2100 moves to one side from the locked position.
  • the first baffle 2100 that drives the steering switch lock 2000 in the middle position is moved from the middle position to the position on its side and then is restricted.
  • a corresponding inclined surface needs to be provided on the blocking portion 3200 so that the first baffle can be driven to move when it is in contact with the first baffle; of course, in another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 12 and FIG. 14
  • the first baffle 2100 may also be connected to a sloping plate 2200 that deviates from the blocking portion 3200, and the sloping plate 2200 is in position with the blocking portion 3200 when the steering switch locking member 2000 is in the middle position.
  • the blocking part 3200 comes into contact with the swash plate 2200 when moving in the direction parallel to the axis of the torsion ring 200, and as it continuously slides inward, it can drive the swash plate 2200 to finally drive the entire steering switch lock 2000 from the middle. The position moves to one side.
  • the blocking portion 3200 is not on the moving path of the swash plate 2200, so that the movement of the swash plate 2200 may not be restricted.
  • 3200 moves to the moving path of the swash plate 2200, it can limit the movement of the entire steering switch lock 2000; as the blocking part 3200 further moves to the inside of the fuselage shell, the blocking part 3200 can The swash plate 2200 is pushed to drive the entire steering switch lock 2000 to move from the middle position to one side.
  • this structure can effectively meet the requirements of different tool holders for corresponding operations, that is, by moving the blocking portion 3200 to different strokes, it is possible to select between two working states of the steering switch lock 2000, in one state In another state, the steering switch lock 2000 can move between the middle position and the forward rotation position or can move between the reverse position in the middle; in another state, the steering switch lock 2000 can only be in the forward rotation. Bit or inverted bit.
  • the inner end of the first baffle 2100 is connected with a second baffle 2300 perpendicular to the second baffle 2300, and the second baffle 2300 defines the direction of the steering switch lock 3000
  • the movement stroke that is, when the blocking portion 3200 abuts the second baffle 2300, the blocking portion 3200 is limited so that the entire steering switching lock 3000 cannot continue to move.
  • the head 300 of the electric tool which only needs the motor to rotate in one direction, has a driving part matched with the steering switching lock 3000, and the driving part is a driving board corresponding to the main board 3100.
  • the driving part abuts the main board 3100 and pushes the main board 3100 to move into the body shell 100, that is, move from the third position to the main board 3100.
  • the knife holder with the driving part 320 is a circular saw knife holder, a grinder knife holder, and a polisher knife holder.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)
  • Snaps, Bayonet Connections, Set Pins, And Snap Rings (AREA)
  • Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)

Abstract

一种多功能动力工具的头身快换结构及多功能动力工具，其快换结构包括机身外壳（100）；扭转环（200），可自转地设置于机身外壳（100）内的插口，其轴线与插口的轴线至少平行；可拆卸地插接在扭转环（200）的插孔（220）内的机头（300）；蓄能装置（400），驱动扭转环（200）自转后复位；机头锁块（500），其在扭转环（200）自转过程中可沿垂直于扭转环（200）的轴线方向在第一位置和第二位置之间直线移动；在第一位置处，机头锁块（500）具有伸入扭转环（200）的插孔（220）内且位于机头（300）的侧壁处的卡台（3121）的移动路径上的阻挡部分；在第二位置处，机头锁块（500）不具有位于卡台（3121）的移动路径上的部分。采用旋转式解锁结构来代替按压式结构，解锁时人手所需施加的力更小，操作容易，并且采用面接触锁定，稳定性好，能够降低工作时的振动。

Description

多功能动力工具的头身快换结构及多功能动力工具 技术领域
本发明涉及动力工具领域，尤其是多功能动力工具的头身快换结构及多功能动力工具。
背景技术
手持工具是通过启停按键控制电机的启停，从而将电机扭矩通过一定的传扭结构传递给钻头、锯、研磨盘、锤等部件，以使钻头、锯、转盘等产生转动、往复伸缩或抖动等动作的设备。
随着手持工具的种类功能越来越丰富，通常使用者需要分别购买相应功能的手持工具以满足一定的使用需要，这增加了用户的使用成本，鉴于这些手持工具的驱动结构基本是类似的，因此，出现可以通过一个驱动结构与多种不同类型的刀架可拆卸地组装的结构，这种结构通过一固定于壳体上的弹性卡箍的收缩并嵌入到刀架上的卡槽中从而实现刀架的固定；拆卸时，通过按压壳体上的按钮驱动所述弹性卡箍扩张从刀架上的卡槽中退出，从而解除对刀架的限制即可将刀架取出。
但是这种结构中，一来要使弹性卡箍扩张从卡槽中退出需要较大的力量，对于使用者的手指力量要求较高，对于女性等使用者存在不便。
另外，弹性卡箍为金属丝或金属片，其与刀架往往是线接触，接触面积较小，耐受力较小，固定的稳定性相对要弱，工作时刀架存在一定的振动，影响操作。
发明内容
本发明的目的就是为了解决现有技术中存在的上述问题，提供一种多功能动力工具的头身快换结构及多功能动力工具。
本发明的目的通过以下技术方案来实现：
多功能动力工具的头身快换结构，包括：机身外壳；
扭转环，可自转地设置于所述机身外壳内且位于机身外壳的插口旁，其轴线与所述插口的轴线至少平行；
机头，可拆卸地插接在所述扭转环的插孔内；
蓄能装置，驱动所述扭转环自转后复位；
机头锁块，其在所述扭转环自转过程中可沿垂直于所述扭转环的轴线方向在第一位置和第二位置之间直线移动；
在第一位置处，具有位于所述机头的卡台在所述插孔内的移动路径上的阻挡部分；
在第二位置处，所述机头锁块不具有位于卡台的移动路径上的部分。
优选的，所述的多功能动力工具的头身快换结构中，所述扭转环的外圆周面设置有操作板。
优选的，所述的多功能动力工具的头身快换结构中，所述操作板与所述扭转环一体成型或可拆卸地组装，所述操作板的外表面形成有由所述机身外壳内至少延伸到所述机身外壳上的弧形孔中的凸台。
优选的，所述的多功能动力工具的头身快换结构中，所述扭转环上形成用于安装所述机头锁块的弧形通孔，所述弧形通孔外侧部分的厚度及所述机头锁块的厚度之和与所述机头上的卡槽的宽度一致。
优选的，所述的多功能动力工具的头身快换结构中，所述机头锁块上具有一弧形孔或斜孔，所述弧形孔或斜孔内插接一与扭转环的轴线平行且位于扭转环上的驱动销，所述驱动销在扭转环转动过程中驱动所述机头锁块在第一位置和第二位置之间移动。
优选的，所述的多功能动力工具的头身快换结构中，所述机身外壳内设置有与机头锁块的相对的两端面贴近的导向块。
优选的，所述的多功能动力工具的头身快换结构中，所述机身外壳内设置有与所述驱动环共轴设置有导向套，所述机头具有与所述导向套匹配的导向孔。
优选的，所述的多功能动力工具的头身快换结构中，所述机身外壳内设置有与所述扭转环共轴的固定板，所述固定板与所述机头锁块的间距与所述卡台的宽度相当。
优选的，所述的多功能动力工具的头身快换结构中，所述卡台上形成有由其内端向外端外侧倾斜的斜面，所述机头锁块具有与所述斜面匹配的倒角。
优选的，所述的多功能动力工具的头身快换结构中，所述机头锁块为至少一对，所述倒角为四个。
优选的，所述的多功能动力工具的头身快换结构中，所述机身外壳上设置有转向切换键，所述机身壳的插口处设置有转向切换锁定件，所述转向切换锁定件可被驱动在第三位置和第四位置之间线性移动，
其在第三位置处，对转向切换键的移动无限制；
其在第四位置处，限制转向切换键位于正转位或反转位或限制所述转向切换键位于锁停位且仅可向一侧移动。
多功能动力工具，包括上述任一的多功能动力工具的头身快换结构。
本发明技术方案的优点主要体现在：
本方案设计精巧，采用扭转环的转动来驱动机头锁块直线移动从而实现机头与机身外壳 的锁定和解锁，采用旋转式解锁结构来代替按压式结构，旋转式结构相对于按压式结构，解锁时人手所需施加的力更小，操作容易，并且本方案的锁定由机头锁块与所述机头的卡台面接触来实现，锁定的稳定性好，能够降低工作时的振动。
本方案驱动机头锁块直线移动的结构设计巧妙，简单易行，并且机头、扭转环、机头锁块及固定板的整体位置关系设计能够通过对机头的多个端面的限定，从而保证机头锁止的可靠性，同时增加对机头的支撑力，减少机头振动。
本方案的导向套、导向块及固定板一体成型，且机头直接通过其方形孔与导向套实现导向，整体结构紧凑，零部件少，易于产业化实现和推广应用。
本方案通过在机头及机头锁块上形成匹配的斜面，在组装时只需要直接插入机头即可，不需要转动扭转环，进一步降低了操作难度，改善了使用的便捷性。
本方案的转向切换键及转向切换锁定件的结构设计能够有效地满足在机头组装后实现单向操作的功能，无需手动再调整电机转向，有效地避免了误操作或忘记操作的风险。
附图说明
图1是本发明的动力工具以电钻为例的主视图；
图2是本发明的头身快换结构的局部分解图(图中隐去机身外壳右侧的半部及机头前端的部分结构)；
图3是本发明的头身快换结构的组装状态的侧剖视图(图中隐去机身外壳的部分结构及机头前端的部分结构)
图4是图3中A区域的放大图；
图5是本发明的头身快换结构的立体分解图(图中隐去机身外壳右侧的半部及机头前端的部分结构)；
图6是本发明的扭转环的俯视图；
图7是本发明的头身快换结构的组装状态的端剖视图(图中隐去机身外壳的部分结构及机头前端的部分结构)；
图8是图7中头身快换区域的放大图；
图9是本发明的机头锁块与驱动销、导向块、导向套及固定板的组装状态俯视图；
图10是本发明的连接头与机构锁块自动锁止结构的示意图；
图11是本发明的转向切换键与转向切换锁定件在机身外壳上的示意图；
图12是本发明的转向切换键与转向切换锁定件的主视图；
图13是本发明的转向切换键与转向切换锁定件的俯视图；
图14是本发明的转向切换锁定件的俯视图。
具体实施方式
本发明的目的、优点和特点，将通过下面优选实施例的非限制性说明进行图示和解释。这些实施例仅是应用本发明技术方案的典型范例，凡采取等同替换或者等效变换而形成的技术方案，均落在本发明要求保护的范围之内。
在方案的描述中，需要说明的是，术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“前”、“后”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。并且，在方案的描述中，以操作人员为参照，靠近操作者的方向为近端，远离操作者的方向为远端。
下面结合附图对本发明揭示的多功能动力工具的头身快换结构进行阐述，如附图1、附图2所示，其包括机身外壳100，所述机身外壳100用于提供安装空间及提供手动操作时所需的握持空间等，所述机身外壳100的形状可以参照各种现有手持工具的外形，例如其可以是枪形电钻的外壳形状或笔形电钻的外壳形状等。以枪形电钻为例，所述机身外壳100可以是两个对称的半部(图中仅显示了左半部的结构)组合而成的一个内部具有腔体且具有一端插口的结构，其包括用于人手握持的握持部及安装部，所述安装部处形成有一近似圆形的内腔，安装部的前端形成所述插口120。
如附图1、附图2所示，所述机身外壳100的插口120处可拆卸地连接有机头300，所述机头300与所述机身外壳100组装为一体时，所述机身外壳100内的动力源(电机)与所述机头300内的动力传递结构能够连接并将动力源的动力输出至工作头进行工作，从而可以将机身外壳100内的动力源的动力通过机头300输出实现钻孔、锤击、剪切等作业。
由于机头300根据不同的功能存在多种类型，例如可以是电钻的机头或往复锯的机头或电锤的机头等，因此在实际使用时，需要根据不同的使用需要进行机头300的更换。为了方便更换，所述机头300与机身外壳100之间需要设置一定的快换结构，下面将详细阐述所述快换结构的优选实现方式及快换的原理。
首先，如附图2所示，不同功能的所述机头300的壳体310均包括连接头311,所述连接头311包括方形的套接部312及限位部313，所述套接部312的外轮廓优选为正方形，所述套接部312的中心为一正方形孔。所述套接部312的至少一个侧壁3122处形成有由其内端(组装时朝向机身外壳的插口的一端)向外端延伸一定距离的卡台3121，优选四个侧壁3122处均形成所述卡台3121，且四个所述卡台3121的外周围合成一圆形的轮廓，从而避免干涉所述扭转环200的自转；所述卡台3121与所述限位部313的内端面之间形成卡槽314。
如附图3、附图4所示，当需要将所述机头300锁定在所述机身外壳100内时，可以通过所述机身外壳100内的至少一机头锁块500嵌入到所述卡槽314内并与所述卡台3121的外端面(朝向所述限位部313的端面)贴合，此时，机头锁块500对卡台3121的移动进行阻挡，从而限制所述机头300从所述机身外壳100内移出；当需要移出机头300时，使所述机头锁块500移出所述卡槽314即可解除机头锁块500对机头300移动地限制，此时即可将机头300从所述机身外壳100内拔出。
驱动上述的机头锁块500在不同位置之间移动以实现机头的锁定和解锁的结构如下，如附图2、附图3、附图5所示，在所述机身外壳100内可自转地设置有一扭转环200，所述扭转环200的轴线与所述机身外壳100的插口的轴线至少平行，所述扭转环200在外力作用下，可以绕其轴线相对所述机身外壳100自转。
如附图4-附图6所示，所述扭转环200的主体230的外轮廓近似为圆形，其中心具有圆形插孔220，其外圆周面210上形成有至少一个弧形通孔240，优选所述弧形通孔240为两个且对称设置，其弧长略小于主体230的半圆弧长，所述机身外壳100的内壁上形成有两个间距与所述扭转环200的厚度相当的导向板130，它们构成导向槽以对扭转环200的位置进行限定。并且位于所述弧形通孔240外侧的外侧部分250及机头锁块500的厚度之和与所述卡槽314的宽度相当，从而可以有效地对所述机头300进行限定。
为了方便手动操作所述扭转环200转动，如附图7所示，在所述扭转环200的外圆周面210处设置有操作板700，所述操作板700可以是一个，也可以是两个或更多个，如附图8所示，优选为两个，且两个所述操作板700位于两个所述弧形通孔240之间。每个所述操作板700包括弧形主体720，所述弧形主体720与所述扭转环200的外圆周面可以一体成型，也可以组装成型，当一体成型时，所述弧形主体720与扭转环200之间形成有强化部730。当组装成型时，所述弧形主体的内壁或所述扭转环200的外圆周面210处形成有相互匹配的插块或插槽。
如附图5、附图8所示，所述弧形主体720的外表面处形成有一凸台710，所述凸台710位于所述弧形主体720的中部，且所述凸台710至少嵌入到所述机身外壳100上的弧形孔110中，所述弧形孔110的尺寸小于所述弧形主体720，所述凸台710可在所述弧形孔110中移动，当所述凸台710位于所述弧形孔110的一端时，所述机头锁块500可以对机头300进行锁定，当所述凸台710移动至所述弧形孔110的另一端时，所述机头锁块500不对所述机头300进行锁定。
如附图8所示，优选所述凸台710的表面与所述机身外壳100的外表面近似平齐，并形成有一排平行的凹槽711，所述凹槽711可以增加摩擦力，便于人手操作；同时所述凸台710 的表面形成有位于其一端的凸棱712，所述凸棱712突出到所述机身外壳100的表面外部，从而可以有效地限定操作人员的手指的位置，降低操作难度。
在手动通过操作板700驱动所述扭转环200转动后，需要使其能够复位，因此，如附图7所示，所述扭转环200还连接驱动其在转动后复位的能装置400，所述蓄能装置400可以在手动转动所述扭转环200时形变蓄积能量，当人手对扭转环200施加的外力解除时，所述蓄能装置400释放所积蓄的能量使扭转环200方向转动复位。
所述蓄能装置400可以是各种具有弹性形变能力的弹性件，例如可以是弹簧、扭簧、弹片等，本实施例中一普通弹簧为例进行说明：如附图6所示，在所述扭转环200的弧形通孔240内侧的内侧部分260具有位于两个所述操作板700之间的且保持间隔的两个缺口270，两个所述缺口270之间的隔断部280的侧面处形成有凸点290，所述弹簧的一端套设在所述凸点290的外周，所述弹簧的另一端固定或抵靠在机身外壳100内的支撑结构140上，所述支撑结构140可以是一槽或一凸点。
如附图7、附图8所示，在所述扭转环200上可沿垂直于其轴线方向直线移动地设置有至少一机头锁块500，优选的，所述机头锁块500为两个且它们对称设置在两个所述操作板700之间的弧形通孔240内，所述机头锁块500的厚度与所述弧形通孔240的宽度相当。所述机头锁块500整体近似长方体块，其朝向所述机身外壳100的内壁的表面为弧面。
如附图7、附图8所示，所述弧形通孔240内还设置一与扭转环200的轴线平行的驱动销800，所述驱动销800贯穿所述机头锁块500上设置的一斜孔或弧形孔，以弧形孔520为例进行说明，所述弧形孔520的第一端521靠近所述机头锁块的顶部的弧面，其第二端522靠近所述机头锁块500相对所述弧面的底面，所述驱动销800在所述扭转环200转动过程中驱动所述机头锁块500在第一位置和第二位置之间直线移动。
在第一位置处，如附图4、附图8所示，所述驱动销800位于所述弧形孔520的第一端，所述机头锁块500具有伸入所述扭转环200的插孔220内且位于所述机头300的卡台3121的移动路径上的阻挡部分510，所述卡台3121的移动路径是指所述机头300在由所述机身外壳100的插口插接至所述机身外壳内或由机身外壳内拔出到插口外时，所述卡台311在机身外壳内的移动轨迹。
如附图4所示，若所述机头300插接在所述扭转环200的插孔220内，所述阻挡部分510可嵌入到所述机头300的卡槽314中，同时阻挡部分510的内端面与所述卡台3121的外端面贴合，同时，所述扭转环200的外侧部分250的外端面251与所述限位部313的内端面3131贴近或抵靠，从而所述阻挡部分510能够限制所述卡台3121，进而将机头300限定在机身外壳100的内。
当所述扭转环200顺时针转动时，带动所述驱动销800顺时针转动并由所述弧形孔520的第一端向第二端移动，由于所述机头锁块500仅能沿直线方向移动，因此，在所述驱动销800转动过程中，所述机头锁块500被顶升向第二位置移动。
在第二位置处，所述机头锁块500不具有位于卡台3121的移动路径上的部分，优选的，上述的阻挡部分510从所述扭转环200的插孔220中退出，其不会对所述机头300上的卡台3121的移动进行限制。
为了保证所述机头锁块500的直线移动，如附图8、附图9所示，在所述机身外壳100内设置有与每个机头锁块500的相对的两端面530贴近的导向块900，所述机头锁块500的两端面530为与机身外壳100的对称轴150平行的平面，所述导向块900由所述扭转环200的两个缺口270的一侧延伸到另一侧且它们朝向机头锁块500的端面为匹配的平面，在所述机头锁块500移动时，两个所述导向块900对所述机头锁块500的方向进行限制。
为了在组装时对机头300进行导向，如附图8、附图9所示，在所述机身外壳100内设置有与所述驱动环200共轴的导向套1000，所述导向套1000由所述扭转环200的内端延伸到所述扭转环200的插孔内，所述导向套1000的外轮廓可以是各种可行的多边形形状，优选为四边形，并与所述机头300的套接部312的形状及尺寸相匹配。组装时，所述导向套1000共轴插接在所述套接部312内。
进一步，如附图9所示，所述导向套1000与所述导向块900位于同一固定板600上，所述固定板600固定在所述机身外壳100内，其还可以用于固定电机，所述固定板600的中心形成供电机轴或连接电机轴的花键穿过的孔。如附图5所示，所述固定板600的外端面(朝向机头锁块的端面)与机头锁块500的内端面540的间距与所述卡台3121的宽度相当，从而所述卡台3121能够有效地限位在所述固定板600和机头锁块500之间以保证锁定的稳定性。
在上述结构下进行组装时，需要先手动驱动所述扭转环200转动，使机头锁块500不在所述机头300的卡台3121的行进路线上，才能将机头300插接至所述机身外壳100内实现组装，这对于组装操作来说显然是不便利的。
于是，在优选地方式中，如附图10所示，在所述机头300的部分或全部卡台3121上形成有由其内端向外端外侧倾斜的斜面3123，在所述机头锁块500上具有与所述斜面3123匹配的倒角。进一步，所述斜面3123与该卡台3121所在的侧壁3122的夹角a大于所述倒角对应的斜面550与上述侧壁3122的夹角b。
因此在所述机头300向所述扭转环200内移动时，所述斜面3123与所述斜面550接触并驱动所述机头锁块500向远离所述扭转环200的轴心方向移动，即机头锁块500由第一位置向第二位置移动，同时所述扭转环200转动对蓄能装置400施加压力使其变形蓄能。
随着所述机头300的持续向所述机身外壳100内移动，所述机头锁块500移动至所述斜面3123的顶部(距离所述卡台3121所在的侧壁3122距离最大)，随后，当所述卡台3121移动至所述机头锁块500的内侧后，所述卡台3121不再对所述机头锁块500提供支撑力，从而，所述蓄能装置400释放蓄积能量，驱动所述扭转环200反向转动并带动所述机头锁块500向所述扭转环200的轴心方向移动，即所述机头锁块500由第二位置移动至第一位置，此时，所述机头锁块500与所述卡台3121具有重合的部分且机头锁块500位于所述卡台3121的外侧，从而将所述机头300限定在所述机身外壳100内。
本方案进一步揭示了一种多功能动力工具，如附图1、附图2所示，包括上述的多功能动力工具的头身快换结构。所述机身外壳100内设有电机4000、传动结构(图中标记)、控制板等常规动力工具的结构。并且所述机身外壳100上设置有突出于机身外壳100外的启动键6000以控制电机4000的启停及两端突出于壳体主体外的转向切换键2000来控制电机4000的正、反转及锁定，通常的，当转向切换键2000位于中间位(锁定位)时，手持工具被锁定，启动键6000无法控制电机转动；当转向切换键2000位于左侧位(正转位)，启动键6000可以控制电机正转；当转向切换键2000位于右侧位(反转位)时，启动键可以控制电机反转。整个手持工具可以采用已知的电源线接市电的方式和/或电池供电的方式来进行供电。上述的电机4000、控制板、启动键6000、转向切换键2000及供电等结构均为各种手持工具的常规配置，其不是本方案的设计要点，此处不作赘述。
进一步，所述机身外壳100上或内还可以设置常规手持工具的其他结构，如扭矩传递结构、离合机构、扭矩调整机构、照明灯等。
所述机头300可以是已知的各种功能的机头，所述机头300内设置有可与电机4000连接的传动结构，从而将电机的扭矩传递给机头300上安装的工作头，例如钻头、往复锯锯条、研磨盘及冲头等，并驱动它们进行转动或往复移动等动作。
不同功能的机头300中设置有一种可与电机直接或间接连接并传递扭矩的扭矩输出结构，例如附图2所示，所述电机4000的转轴共轴连接花键5000，在所述机头300中共轴且可自转地设置有输出轴7000，在所述机头300固定在所述主壳体中时，所述电机4000的旋转轴上共轴固定的花键5000插入到所述输出轴7000的内端端面处形成的花键槽中，从而实现动力传输。并且所述扭矩输出结构可以把电机的转动运动变成往复直线运动或摆动运动等形式输出，相应的结构均为已知技术，不是本方案的设计要点，此处不作赘述。当然，所述机头300中的扭矩输出结构与电机的连接结构也可以参照申请号为981185789、991005600、011119624、2007200359081等现有技术所揭示的扭矩输出结构。
由于部分机头300，例如抛光机、圆锯等功能的刀架组装至所述机身外壳100并与电机 传扭连接后，仅需要使电机进行一个方向的转动，对应的，就需要一定的转向控制机构来实现上述目的。
具体的，如附图11所示，所述转向控制机构包括所述机身外壳100上设置额转向切换键2000，所述机身外壳100的插口处设置有转向切换锁定件3000，所述转向切换锁定件3000由一弹性件9000驱动在移动后复位，所述转向切换锁定件3000可被驱动在第三位置和第四位置之间线性移动，
其在第三位置处，对转向切换键2000的移动无限制；
其在第四位置处，限制转向切换键位于正转位或反转位或限制所述转向切换键2000位于锁停位且仅可向一侧移动。
如附图11所示，所述转向切换锁定件3000位于所述机身外壳100与不同刀架对接的插口处，所述机身外壳100上设置有对所述转向切换锁定件3000进行导向的导向结构，例如是在机身外壳100的内壁设置的一组定位缺口或一定位槽以保证转向切换锁定件3000能够沿平行于扭转环的轴线方向往复移动。
如附图12所示，所述转向切换锁定件3000包括主板3100及位于其底面的阻挡部分3200，所述主板3100包括前端板3110及后端板3120，所述后端板3120的末端形成有弯折部3130，所述阻挡部分3200为一柱体，且优选为圆柱体。
同时，如附图12所示，所述主板3100通过与其抵靠的弹性件9000保持在第三位置，所述弹性件9000可以是一在受压时变形，压力消除时自动复原的弹性元件，例如可以是弹簧、金属弹片等，甚至可以是海绵等，优选为弹簧，所述弹簧套设在所述后端板3120的外围，且其一端抵靠在后端板3120前端的台阶面上，其另一端抵靠在所述机身外壳100的内壁上形成的挡板150上。从而所述主板3100的前端受力时，其能够向壳体内部移动；当外力消除时，所述弹性件9000使所述主板3100移动复位。
如附图12、附图13所示，所述主板3100在移动过程中，使其上的阻挡部分3200限定所述转向切换锁定件2000的移动范围或驱动所述转向切换锁定件2000移动到某一固定位置。对应的，所述转向切换锁定件2000上具有与所述阻挡部分3200相对应的结构，如附图12、附图14所示，所述转向切换锁定件2000上至少包括与所述转向切换锁定件2000的轴线X垂直的第一挡板2100，所述转向切换锁定件2000位于中间位时，所述第一挡板2100位于所述阻挡部分3200的一侧(附图显示为左侧)，在所述转向切换锁定件3000在第一位置处时，即弹性件9000处于自然状态时，所述阻挡部分3200与处于中间位的所述转向切换锁定件2000的第一挡板2100无接触，且第一挡板2100与阻挡部分3200完全错位，即阻挡部分3200不在所述第一挡板2100的移动路径上，从而第一挡板2100可以自由移动。
当所述转向切换锁定件3000在第二位置处时，所述阻挡部分3200移动至所述第一挡板2100的移动路径上，从而限定处于中间位的所述转向切换锁定件2000的所述第一挡板2100由锁定位向一侧移动。
或者所述阻挡部分3200在移动过程时，驱动处于中间位的所述转向切换锁定件2000的第一挡板2100由中间位置移动到其一侧的位置后限定不动。此时，在所述阻挡部分3200上需要设置相应的斜面从而可以在与第一挡板接触时，驱动第一挡板移动；当然在另一实施例中，如附图12、附图14所示，所述第一挡板2100也可以与一偏离所述阻挡部分3200的斜板2200衔接，所述斜板2200在所述转向切换锁定件2000处于中间位置时，与所述阻挡部分3200位置正对，从而阻挡部分3200沿平行于扭转环200的轴线方向移动时与所述斜板2200接触，并且随着不断地向内滑动从而可以驱动斜板2200最终驱动整个转向切换锁定件2000由中间位置向一侧移动。
并且，在所述转向切换锁定件3000处于第一位置时，所述阻挡部分3200不在所述斜板2200的移动路径上，从而可以不对所述斜板2200的移动产生限定，当所述阻挡部分3200移动至所述斜板2200的移动路径上时，其可以限定整个所述转向切换锁定件2000的移动；随着所述阻挡部分3200的进一步向机身外壳内部移动，所述阻挡部分3200可以推动所述斜板2200从而驱动整个转向切换锁定件2000由中间位置向一侧移动。因此，这种结构可以有效满足不同刀架对于相应操作的要求，即通过使所述阻挡部分3200移动不同的行程，从而可以在两种转向切换锁定件2000的工作状态进行选择，在一种状态中，所述转向切换锁定件2000可以在中间位和正转位之间移动或可以在中间位于反转位之间移动；在另一种状态中，所述转向切换锁定件2000仅可处于正转位或反转位。
进一步，如附图12、附图14所示，所述第一挡板2100内端与一与其垂直的第二挡板2300衔接，所述第二挡板2300限定所述转向切换锁定件3000的移动行程，即当所述阻挡部分3200与所述第二挡板2300抵接时，所述阻挡部分3200被限定从而整个转向切换锁定件3000无法继续移动。
更进一步，所述电动工具的仅需要电机单向旋转的机头300上具有与所述转向切换锁定件3000匹配的驱动部，所述驱动部为一与所述主板3100对应的驱动板，当所述机头300与所述机身外壳100连接成一体时，所述驱动部与所述主板3100抵接，并推动所述主板3100向机身外壳100内移动，即由第三位置移动至第四位置。优选的，具有所述驱动部320的刀架为圆锯刀架、打磨机刀架、抛光机刀架。
本发明尚有多种实施方式，凡采用等同变换或者等效变换而形成的所有技术方案，均落在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 多功能动力工具的头身快换结构，其特征在于：包括
    机身外壳(100)；
    扭转环(200)，可自转地设置于所述机身外壳内且靠近机身外壳的插口，其轴线与所述插口的轴线至少平行；
    机头(300)，可拆卸地插接在所述扭转环(200)的插孔(220)内；
    蓄能装置(400)，驱动所述扭转环(200)自转后复位；
    机头锁块(500)，其在所述扭转环(200)自转过程中可沿垂直于所述扭转环(200)的轴线方向在第一位置和第二位置之间直线移动；
    在第一位置处，所述机头锁块(500)具有位于所述机头(300)的卡台在所述插孔(220)内的移动路径上的阻挡部分；
    在第二位置处，所述机头锁块(500)不具有位于所述卡台的移动路径上的部分。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的多功能动力工具的头身快换结构，其特征在于：所述扭转环(200)的外圆周面设置有操作板(700)。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的多功能动力工具的头身快换结构，其特征在于：所述扭转环(200)上形成用于安装所述机头锁块(500)的弧形通孔，所述弧形通孔的外侧部分的厚度及所述机头锁块(500)的厚度之和与所述机头(300)上的卡槽的宽度一致。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的多功能动力工具的头身快换结构，其特征在于：所述机头锁块(500)上具有一弧形孔或斜孔，所述弧形孔或斜孔内插接一与扭转环的轴线平行的驱动销(800)，所述驱动销(800)在扭转环转动过程中驱动所述机头锁块(500)在第一位置和第二位置之间移动。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的多功能动力工具的头身快换结构，其特征在于：所述机身外壳(100)内设置有与机头锁块(500)的相对的两端面贴近的导向块(900)。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的多功能动力工具的头身快换结构，其特征在于：所述机身外壳(100)内设置有与所述驱动环共轴的导向套(1000)，所述机头(300)具有与所述导向套(1000)匹配的孔。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的多功能动力工具的头身快换结构其特征在于：所述机身外壳内设置有与所述扭转环共轴的固定板，所述固定板与所述机头锁块的间距与所述卡台的宽度相当。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的多功能动力工具的头身快换结构其特征在于：所述卡台上形成有由其内端向外端外侧倾斜的斜面，所述机头锁块(500)具有与所述斜面匹配的倒角。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8任一所述的多功能动力工具的头身快换结构，其特征在于：所述机身外壳(100)上设置有转向切换键(2000)，所述机身外壳(100)的插口端设置有转向切换锁定件(3000)，所述转向切换锁定件(3000)可被驱动在第三位置和第四位置之间线性移动，
    其在第三位置处，对转向切换键(2000)的移动无限制；
    其在第四位置处，限制转向切换键位于正转位或反转位或限制所述转向切换键(2000)位于锁停位且仅可向一侧移动。
  10. 多功能动力工具，其特征在于：包括权利要求1-9任一所述的多功能动力工具的头身快换结构。
PCT/CN2020/106163 2020-06-11 2020-07-31 多功能动力工具的头身快换结构及多功能动力工具 WO2021248660A1 (zh)

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