WO2021248392A1 - 一种基于印刷脊间隙波导的四阶Ka波段带通滤波器 - Google Patents

一种基于印刷脊间隙波导的四阶Ka波段带通滤波器 Download PDF

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WO2021248392A1
WO2021248392A1 PCT/CN2020/095485 CN2020095485W WO2021248392A1 WO 2021248392 A1 WO2021248392 A1 WO 2021248392A1 CN 2020095485 W CN2020095485 W CN 2020095485W WO 2021248392 A1 WO2021248392 A1 WO 2021248392A1
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band
transmission line
order
resonators
filter
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PCT/CN2020/095485
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English (en)
French (fr)
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许锋
金俊
陈洋
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南京邮电大学
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Priority to JP2022574418A priority Critical patent/JP7468937B2/ja
Publication of WO2021248392A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021248392A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/20—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
    • H01P1/201—Filters for transverse electromagnetic waves
    • H01P1/203—Strip line filters
    • H01P1/20327—Electromagnetic interstage coupling
    • H01P1/20354—Non-comb or non-interdigital filters
    • H01P1/20381—Special shape resonators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fourth-order Ka wave band pass filter based on a printed ridge gap waveguide, which can be used in the technical field of millimeter wave transmission.
  • the microstrip structure is widely used in the design of filters.
  • the structure of the microstrip line is simple, easy to process, and low cost, when the operating frequency rises to the millimeter wave frequency band, the microstrip line exposes the disadvantages of excessive loss and low power capacity.
  • Dispersive radiation includes radiation waves, leakage waves and surface waves, and the higher the frequency, the more prominent the problem.
  • rectangular guided waves have the advantages of simple structure, high mechanical strength, low loss, and large power capacity, when working in the millimeter wave frequency band, problems such as too small size, difficult processing, and difficult assembly will inevitably occur.
  • the use of metal packaging can effectively eliminate radiation leakage, but the additional metal packaging will greatly increase the volume of the filter. Therefore, a new planar transverse electromagnetic transmission waveguide is needed to meet the high-speed and low-loss requirements of millimeter wave transmission and communication.
  • the artificial magnetic conductor structure is usually composed of metal patches, metal vias and metal grounding plates periodically arranged on a dielectric substrate. Its electromagnetic band gap characteristics can reduce microstrip radiation loss and significantly improve microwave integrated circuits and microwave printed antennas. The overall performance of microwave high-energy accelerators, radio frequency passive components, etc.
  • the printed ridge gap waveguide as a low-dispersion signal transmission waveguide based on artificial magnetic conductors, can guide electromagnetic waves to propagate along the metal ridge lines in the air gap, and can propagate quasi-TEM modes to suppress radiation leakage. It is used in millimeter wave communication transmission. It has a wide range of application prospects.
  • the printed ridge gap waveguide integrates the artificial magnetic conductor structure and the microstrip filter structure into a layer of medium, and uses the virtual magnetic wall generated at the boundary between the artificial magnetic conductor and the ideal electric conductor, so that electromagnetic waves are cut off in other directions. Propagation along the air gap above the microstrip transmission line resonator. Compared with the traditional lossy medium, the propagation in the air gap greatly reduces the dielectric loss, thereby improving the transmission characteristics, which improves the traditional microstrip filtering in the millimeter wave band.
  • the overall performance of the device provides a feasible idea. Compared with traditional microstrip printing technology, the fourth-order Ka-band bandpass filter based on printed ridge gap waveguide has lower loss, better transmission performance, strong integration, and easy system integration with other microwave and millimeter wave circuits. Development.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to propose a fourth-order Ka-band bandpass filter based on printed ridge gap waveguides, which meets the requirements of high speed and low loss for millimeter wave transmission and communication, and is easy to It has the advantages of stable processing, stable performance and easy system integration.
  • a fourth-order Ka-band bandpass filter based on printed ridge gap waveguides including a microstrip filter structure arranged on the upper surface of a bottom dielectric substrate, a top metal cover plate, and a feeding dielectric layer located in the middle layer for stabilizing the air gap
  • the microstrip filter structure includes an input port, an output port, two half-wavelength coupled transmission line resonators and two T-type resonators; the input port is connected to the first-order half-wavelength transmission line resonator through a coupling slot
  • the output port is coupled with the second-order half-wavelength transmission line resonator through a coupling slot, and the two T-shaped resonators are located at the input port, the output port, and the two half-wavelength coupled transmission line resonators on both sides of the straight line, respectively Coupled with the first-order and second-order half-wavelength transmission line resonators through the coupling slot "back-to-back".
  • the input port, the output port, the two half-wavelength coupled transmission line resonators and the two T-type resonators are all connected with metal vias arranged periodically and connected to the ground plate; the input port, Artificial magnetic conductor units are arranged around the output port, two half-wavelength coupled transmission line resonators, and two T-shaped resonators.
  • the input port and the output port both include two transmission line segments with different widths; the widths of the two transmission line segments are calculated and determined respectively according to the dielectric plate and the air medium.
  • the input port, the output port, the two half-wavelength coupled transmission line resonators and the artificial magnetic conductor unit around the two T-shaped resonators are composed of metal patches, metal vias and metal which are periodically arranged on the dielectric substrate.
  • the ground plate is formed together.
  • a feeding microstrip line is printed on the back of the feeding medium layer, and the position is coincident with the input port and the output port.
  • edges of the feeding medium layer are respectively aligned with the boundary between two transmission line segments of different widths in the input port and the output port.
  • three layers of media are stretched in the horizontal direction and perforated, and the filter is fixed with PP screws; the three layers of media are closely attached in the vertical direction without gaps.
  • the design of the present invention is simple in structure, easy to process, low in cost, and saves additional packaging; at the same time, the introduction of the printed ridge gap waveguide makes the microstrip coupled resonator band pass filter itself more compact, without significant mutual coupling , Can be manufactured closely to each other.
  • the new planar transverse electromagnetic transmission waveguide introduced in the present invention can guide electromagnetic waves to propagate along the metal ridge in the air gap, thereby reducing dielectric loss.
  • the artificial magnetic conductor structure on both sides of the metal ridge can suppress the radiation leakage from the microstrip line, reduce the insertion loss, and further improve the transmission performance of the Ka-band bandpass filter.
  • the bandpass filter can obtain and adjust the two transmission zero points outside the passband by adjusting the longitudinal length of the two T-type resonators, so as to achieve better frequency selection, and its in-band insertion loss, relative Bandwidth, in-band flatness and out-of-band rejection are superior to traditional Ka-band microstrip bandpass filters.
  • the present invention also provides a processing measurement scheme: by extending three layers of media in the horizontal direction and perforating, and using PP screws to fix the filter, the test result is basically consistent with the simulation result.
  • the filter has simple structure, small size, easy processing, stable performance, strong integration, easy system integration with other microwave and millimeter wave circuits, and has broad applications in future millimeter wave communication and transmission applications.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic plan view of an electromagnetic filter structure in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the feed dielectric layer in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the artificial magnetic conductor unit structure in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure section of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic plan view of an electromagnetic filter structure with screw holes in an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 7 is a schematic plan view of a feed dielectric layer with screw holes in an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 8 is a schematic plan view of a metal cover plate with screw holes in an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a manufacturing scheme of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structural section of a manufacturing scheme according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 11 is a physical diagram of a three-layer structure of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 12 is a physical assembly diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 13 is an electromagnetic wave stop band dispersion diagram of a periodic artificial magnetic conductor in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 14 is an S parameter simulation waveform diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 15 is a waveform diagram showing the comparison between actual measurement and simulation of S-parameters according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the embodiment of the present invention discloses a fourth-order Ka-band bandpass filter based on a printed ridge gap waveguide, as shown in Figs. Layer the medium and perforate, and use PP screws to fix the filter to ensure the tight fit of the three-layer structure.
  • the Ka-band bandpass filter includes a microstrip electromagnetic filter structure 3 and a metal ground plate 1. There is a dielectric layer 2 between the microstrip electromagnetic filter structure 3 and the metal ground plate 1. The upper surface of the microstrip electromagnetic filter structure is closely attached to the feed dielectric plate 4. A metal via 5 is connected below, and a feeding microstrip line 6 is printed on the back of the feeding medium plate 4, and the position overlaps with the input and output ports to form an air gap 8 with the top metal cover 7 for electromagnetic wave propagation.
  • the microstrip filter structure 3 in the embodiment of the present invention is shown in Fig. 1, and includes an input port, an output port, two half-wavelength coupled transmission line resonators, and two T-type resonators.
  • the input port is coupled with the first-order half-wavelength transmission line resonator through the coupling slot
  • the output port is coupled with the second-order half-wavelength transmission line resonator through the coupling slot.
  • Two T-type resonators are located at the input port, the output port, and the two halves.
  • the two sides of the line where the wavelength-coupled transmission line resonator is located are respectively coupled to the first and second half-wavelength transmission line resonators through the coupling gap "back-to-back".
  • Both input and output ports include two transmission line segments with widths W1 and W2.
  • the input port, the output port, the two half-wavelength coupled transmission line resonators and the two T-type resonators are all connected with metal vias arranged periodically and connected to the ground plate, and artificial magnetic conductor units are arranged all around.
  • the structure of the artificial magnetic conductor unit in the embodiment of the present invention is shown in Figure 3.
  • the artificial magnetic conductor has a circular metal patch 9 on the upper surface, a dielectric layer 2 in the middle, and a metal ground plate 1 on the lower surface, and the center of the circular metal patch 9 Connected is the metal via 5.
  • the processing and manufacturing plan of the Ka-band bandpass filter of the embodiment of the present invention is shown in Fig. 10.
  • the screw holes 10 are generated by extending the three-layer medium in the horizontal direction and punching holes, using PP screws Fix the filter.
  • the inner edge of the feeding medium plate 4 of the middle layer is aligned with the boundary of the transmission line segment with width W1 and W2 in the input and output ports respectively.
  • the outer edge extends out of the bottom layer dielectric plate, and the feeding microstrip line is printed on the back. It coincides with the input and output ports, which is convenient for later integration with other millimeter wave circuits.
  • the transmission line impedance of the electromagnetic filter structure on the bottom dielectric plate is 50 ohms.
  • the transmission line segment with width W1 in the input and output ports is calculated using Rogers 5880 as the dielectric substrate, and the transmission line segment with width W2 is calculated using air as the dielectric substrate.
  • the dielectric substrate of the electromagnetic filter structure, the feed medium layer for stabilizing the air gap, and the top metal cover plate are three-layer structures that closely fit in the vertical direction. Specifically, in the present technical solution, there is no gap between the three-layer structure, which is compact. fit.
  • the novel planar transverse electromagnetic transmission waveguide introduced by the present invention can guide the electromagnetic wave to propagate along the metal ridge line in the air gap, thereby reducing the dielectric loss.
  • the artificial magnetic conductor structure on both sides of the metal ridge can suppress the radiation leakage from the microstrip line, reduce the insertion loss, and further improve the transmission performance of the Ka-band bandpass filter.
  • the band-pass filter of the present invention has obvious advantages in performance parameters such as in-band interpolation loss, relative bandwidth, in-band flatness, out-of-band suppression, and return loss.
  • the invention also provides a processing measurement scheme: by extending three layers of media in the horizontal direction and perforating, and fixing the filter with PP screws, the test result is basically consistent with the simulation result.
  • the filter has simple structure, small size, easy processing, stable performance, strong integration, easy system integration with other microwave and millimeter wave circuits, and has broad applications in future millimeter wave communication and transmission applications.
  • the bottom layer of the closely-fitting three-layer structure is a Rogers 3003 dielectric plate, which has a millimeter wave Ka-band bandpass filter with a dielectric constant of 3 and a thickness of 0.762 mm.
  • the half-wavelength microstrip resonator used in the electromagnetic filter structure has a transmission line impedance of 50 ohms; the middle layer uses a Rogers 5880 dielectric plate with a thickness of 0.508 mm for the feed medium layer; the upper layer metal cover plate has a thickness of 0.018 mm .
  • the feed medium layer which forms an air gap with the top metal cover plate, which is used for the propagation of electromagnetic waves, and the other is to avoid introducing more dielectric loss;
  • a metal cover Above the air gap is a metal cover to prevent electromagnetic wave leakage.
  • the Ka-band band-pass filter based on printed ridge gap waveguides is a closely-fitting three-layer structure.
  • the filter is reinforced with a three-layer structure with PP screws on the edge to ensure the tightness of the air gap and prevent electromagnetic waves.
  • the feeding dielectric plate of the middle layer extends from the bottom dielectric substrate and is printed with feeding microstrip lines, which is convenient for integration with other millimeter wave circuits.
  • Figure 13 shows the electromagnetic wave stop band generated by the artificial magnetic conductor structure, which can suppress the propagation of electromagnetic waves in the stop band frequency band.
  • the working frequency of the Ka-band bandpass filter is located in it, which can effectively suppress the stray radiation of the microstrip transmission line, and the suppression effect is good.
  • Fig. 13 is an electromagnetic wave stopband dispersion diagram of the periodic artificial magnetic conductor of the present invention.
  • the abscissa represents the operating frequency
  • the ordinate represents the propagation constant.
  • Figure 14 is a simulation diagram of the S parameter of the Ka-band bandpass filter.
  • the working bandwidth is 29.8GHz to 32GHz, the bandwidth is 2.2GHz, and the relative bandwidth is 7.3%.
  • the return loss is basically less than -20dB, and the insertion loss is about -0.8dB.
  • the abscissa of Fig. 14 represents the operating frequency, and the ordinate represents the reflection coefficient S parameter.
  • Figure 15 is a waveform diagram of the S-parameter comparison between the actual measurement and the simulation of the Ka-band band-pass filter.
  • the return loss is basically less than -15dB, basically around 1.1dB, the flatness in the band is good, and the test results are basically in agreement with the simulation results.
  • the test results are basically consistent with the simulation results.
  • the abscissa of Fig. 15 represents the operating frequency, and the ordinate represents the reflection coefficient S parameter.
  • the present invention proposes a Ka-band band-pass filter based on printed ridge gap waveguides.
  • the Ka-band band-pass filter is compared with the traditional Ka-band band-pass filter.
  • the filter saves additional packaging, greatly reduces dielectric loss, solves the problem of high loss in traditional microstrip filter structures, and lays a solid foundation for the research of millimeter wave circuits.

Abstract

本发明公开了一种基于印刷脊间隙波导的四阶Ka波段带通滤波器，该滤波器包括设置在介质基板上表面的微带滤波器结构，顶部金属盖板以及位于中间层、用于稳定空气间隙的馈电介质层。微带滤波器结构包含输入、输出端口、两个半波长耦合传输线谐振器以及两个T型谐振器。通过调节两个T型谐振器的纵向长度可获得并调整通带外的两个传输零点，以实现更好的频率选择，且其带内插损、相对带宽、带内平坦度与带外抑制等性能均优于传统Ka波段带通滤波器。本发明同时给出了加工制造方案，测试结果与仿真结果基本吻合。本发明结构简单、尺寸较小、易于加工、性能稳定、一体性强，易于与其他电路进行系统集成，在未来毫米波通信传输应用中有着广阔的应用。

Description

一种基于印刷脊间隙波导的四阶Ka波段带通滤波器 技术领域
本发明涉及一种基于印刷脊间隙波导的四阶Ka波段带通滤波器，可用于毫米波传输技术领域。
背景技术
在微波系统中，微带结构形式被广泛采用在滤波器的设计中。尽管微带线的结构简单，易于加工，成本低廉，但是当工作频率上升到毫米波频段时，微带线就暴露出了损耗过大、功率容量低的弊端，这来自于微带线的杂散辐射，包括辐射波、泄漏波以及表面波，且频率越高问题就越突出。同样，尽管矩形导波具有结构简单、机械强度大、损耗低、功率容量大的优点，但是在工作于毫米波频段时，也不可避免的出现尺寸过小、加工难度大以及装配困难等问题。使用金属封装能够有效消除辐射泄露，然而额外的金属封装会大大增加了滤波器的体积。因此，需要一种新的平面横向电磁传输波导来满足毫米波传输通信高速率、低损耗的要求。
近年来，随着新型电磁材料的发展，人工磁导体结构的研究及应用已经成为当前微波领域的热点之一。人工磁导体结构通常是由介质基板上周期性排列的金属贴片、金属过孔与金属接地板共同构成，其电磁带隙特性可以降低微带辐射损耗，明显提高微波集成电路，微波印刷天线，微波高能加速器，射频无源器件等的整体性能。而印刷脊间隙波导作为一种基于人工磁导体的低色散信号传输波导，能够引导电磁波在空气间隙中沿着金属脊线传播，并且能够传播准TEM模，抑制辐射泄漏，在毫米波通信传输中具有广泛的应用前景。
为了解决毫米波段传统微带电路高损耗的问题，出现了许多基于印刷脊间隙波导的毫米波射频无源器件的研究。印刷脊间隙波导通过将人工磁导体结构与微带滤波结构集成到一层介质，利用人工磁导体与理想电导体在分界处产生的虚拟磁壁，使得电磁波在其他方向都是处于截止状态，只能沿着微带传输线 谐振器上方的空气间隙传播，相对于传统的有耗介质，在空气间隙中传播大大降低了介质损耗，从而提升了传输特性，这为在毫米波段内实现提高传统微带滤波器的整体性能提供了一条可行的思路。与传统微带印刷技术相比，基于印刷脊间隙波导的四阶Ka波段带通滤波器，损耗更低，传输性能更好，一体性强，易于与其他微波以及毫米波电路进行系统集成，亟待开发。
发明内容
发明目的：针对现有技术中存在的上述问题，本发明目的在于提出一种基于印刷脊间隙波导的四阶Ka波段带通滤波器，满足毫米波传输通信高速率、低损耗的要求，具有易于加工、性能稳定，易于系统集成的优点。
技术方案：为实现上述发明目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：
一种基于印刷脊间隙波导的四阶Ka波段带通滤波器，包括设置在底层介质基板上表面的微带滤波器结构，顶部金属盖板以及位于中间层、用于稳定空气间隙的馈电介质层；所述的微带滤波器结构包含输入端口、输出端口、两个半波长耦合传输线谐振器以及两个T型谐振器；所述的输入端口通过耦合缝隙与第一阶半波长传输线谐振器进行耦合，所述的输出端口通过耦合缝隙与第二阶半波长传输线谐振器进行耦合，两个T型谐振器位于输入端口、输出端口以及两个半波长耦合传输线谐振器所在直线的两侧，分别通过耦合缝隙“背靠背”与第一阶、第二阶半波长传输线谐振器进行耦合。
优选地，所述的输入端口、输出端口、两个半波长耦合传输线谐振器以及两个T型谐振器均连接有周期排列的、并与接地板相连的金属过孔；所述的输入端口、输出端口、两个半波长耦合传输线谐振器以及两个T型谐振器四周均排布有人工磁导体单元。
优选地，所述的输入端口、输出端口均包含宽度不同的两部分传输线段；两部分传输线段的宽度分别根据介质板和空气介质计算确定。
优选地，所述的输入端口、输出端口、两个半波长耦合传输线谐振器以及 两个T型谐振器四周的人工磁导体单元由介质基板上周期性排列的金属贴片、金属过孔与金属接地板共同构成。
优选地，所述的馈电介质层的背面印刷有馈电微带线，位置与输入端口、输出端口重合。
优选地，所述的馈电介质层的边缘分别与输入端口、输出端口中两段不同宽度的传输线段的分界处对齐。
优选地，在水平方向延展三层介质并进行打孔，使用PP螺丝对滤波器进行固定；三层介质在垂直方向紧密贴合没有空隙。
有益效果：与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下技术效果：
1、本发明设计结构简单，易于加工，成本低，节约了额外的封装；同时，印刷脊间隙波导的引入使得微带耦合谐振器带通滤波器本身更加紧凑，在没有明显互耦的情况下，可以彼此紧密地制造。
2、本发明引入的新型平面横向电磁传输波导，能够引导电磁波在空气间隙中沿着金属脊线传播，从而降低了介质损耗。通过金属脊线两侧的人工磁导体结构，能够抑制来自微带线的辐射泄漏，降低了插入损耗，进一步提高了Ka波段带通滤波器的传输性能。
3、本发明中带通滤波器通过调节两个T型谐振器的纵向长度便可以获得并调整通带外的两个传输零点，以实现更好的频率选择，且其带内插损、相对带宽、带内平坦度与带外抑制等性能均优于传统Ka波段微带带通滤波器。
4、本发明同时给出了加工测量方案：通过在水平方向延展三层介质并进行打孔，使用PP螺丝对滤波器进行固定，测试结果与仿真结果基本吻合。该滤波器结构简单、尺寸较小、易于加工、性能稳定、一体性强，易于与其他微波以及毫米波电路进行系统集成，在未来毫米波通信传输应用中有着广阔的应用。
附图说明
图1本发明实施例中电磁滤波结构的平面示意图。
图2本发明实施例中馈电介质层的三维结构示意图。
图3是本发明实施例中人工磁导体单元结构的三维结构示意图。
图4是本发明实施例的三维结构示意图。
图5是本发明实施例的三维结构剖分示意图。
图6是本发明实施例中带有螺丝孔的电磁滤波结构的平面示意图
图7是本发明实施例中带有螺丝孔的馈电介质层的平面示意图
图8是本发明实施例中带有螺丝孔的金属盖板的平面示意图
图9是本发明实施例的加工制造方案的三维结构示意图。
图10是本发明实施例的加工制造方案的三维结构剖分示意图。
图11是本发明实施例的三层结构实物图。
图12是本发明实施例的实物组装图。
图13是本发明实施例中周期性人工磁导体的电磁波阻带色散图。
图14是本发明实施例的S参数仿真波形图。
图15是本发明实施例的S参数实测与仿真对比波形图。
具体实施方式
本发明的目的、优点和特点，将通过下面优选实施例的非限制性说明进行图示和解释。这些实施例仅是应用本发明技术方案的典型范例，凡采取等同替换或者等效变换而形成的技术方案，均落在本发明要求保护的范围之内。
本发明实施例揭示了一种基于印刷脊间隙波导的四阶Ka波段带通滤波器，如图1-5所示，图6-10为该滤波器的加工制造方案，通过在水平方向延展三层介质并进行打孔，使用PP螺丝对滤波器进行固定，以保证三层结构的紧密贴合。
Ka波段带通滤波器包括微带电磁滤波结构3和金属接地板1，微带电磁滤波结构3和金属接地板1中间是介质层2，微带电磁滤波结构上表面与馈电介质板4紧密贴合，下方连接有金属过孔5，馈电介质板4背面印刷有馈电微带线6，位置与输入、输出端口重合与顶部金属盖板7形成空气间隙8，用于电磁 波传播。
本发明实施例中的微带滤波器结构3如图1，包含输入端口、输出端口、两个半波长耦合传输线谐振器以及两个T型谐振器。输入端口通过耦合缝隙与第一阶半波长传输线谐振器进行耦合，输出端口通过耦合缝隙与第二阶半波长传输线谐振器进行耦合，两个T型谐振器位于输入端口、输出端口以及两个半波长耦合传输线谐振器所在直线的两侧，分别通过耦合缝隙“背靠背”与第一阶、第二阶半波长传输线谐振器进行耦合，上述四个谐振器在带通滤波器的通带内成功引入四个传输极点。输入、输出端口均包含宽度为W1和W2的两部分传输线段。输入端口、输出端口、两个半波长耦合传输线谐振器以及两个T型谐振器均连接有周期排列的、并与接地板相连的金属过孔，四周均排布有人工磁导体单元。
本发明实施例中的人工磁导体单元结构如图3，人工磁导体的上表面圆形金属贴片9，中间是介质层2，下表面是金属接地板1，与圆形金属贴片9圆心相连的是金属过孔5。
本发明实施例的Ka波段带通滤波器的加工制造方案如图10，为进一步稳定该三层结构的稳定性，通过在水平方向延展三层介质并进行打孔产生螺丝孔10，使用PP螺丝对滤波器进行固定。
中间层的馈电介质板4的内侧边缘分别与输入、输出端口中宽度为W1和W2的传输线段的分界处对齐，外部边缘延伸出底层介质板，且背面印刷有馈电微带线，其位置与输入、输出端口重合，便于后期与其他毫米波电路进行集成。
底层介质板上表面电磁滤波结构的传输线阻抗均为50欧姆。输入、输出端口中宽度为W1的传输线段是以介质罗杰斯5880为介质基片计算得到的，宽度为W2的传输线段是以空气为介质基片计算得到的。
电磁滤波结构介质基板、用于稳定空气间隙的馈电介质层与顶层金属盖板 为垂直方向紧密贴合的三层结构，具体地，在本技术方案中，三层结构之间没有空隙，为紧密贴合。
本发明引入的新型平面横向电磁传输波导，能够引导电磁波在空气间隙中沿着金属脊线传播，从而降低了介质损耗。通过金属脊线两侧的人工磁导体结构，能够抑制来自微带线的辐射泄漏，降低了插入损耗，进一步提高了Ka波段带通滤波器的传输性能。本发明中带通滤波器相比于传统的Ka波段带通滤波器，其带内插损、相对带宽、带内平坦度、带外抑制和回波损耗等性能参数均具有明显优势。本发明同时给出了加工测量方案：通过在水平方向延展三层介质并进行打孔，使用PP螺丝对滤波器进行固定，测试结果与仿真结果基本吻合。该滤波器结构简单，尺寸较小、易于加工、性能稳定，一体性强，易于与其他微波以及毫米波电路进行系统集成，在未来毫米波通信传输应用中有着广阔的应用。
下面通过具体仿真和实测示例对本发明的技术方案做进一步的详细说明：
本发明实施例中，此紧密贴合的三层结构的底层是采用Rogers 3003的介质板，其介电常数为3、厚度为0.762毫米的毫米波Ka波段带通滤波器，底层介质板上表面电磁滤波结构采用的半波长微带谐振器，传输线的阻抗均为50欧姆；中间层采用Rogers 5880的介质板，其厚度为0.508毫米的馈电介质层；上层位金属盖板，其厚度为0.018毫米。输入端口、输出端口、两个半波长耦合传输线谐振器以及两个T型谐振器连接的金属过孔的尺寸为r＝0.15mm，h＝0.762mm。输入、输出端口的尺寸均为W1＝1.98mm，W2＝1.58mm。输入端口与第一阶半波长传输线谐振器之间的间隙为g1＝0.18mm，输出端口与第二阶半波长传输线谐振器之间的间隙为g13＝0.18mm。第一阶半波长传输线谐振器的尺寸为L1＝4.08mm，W3＝1.18mm。第二阶半波长传输线谐振器的尺寸为L3＝4.12mm，W3＝1.18mm。T型谐振器的尺寸为L2＝4.3mm，L4＝2.6mm，L5＝2.86mm，W3＝1.18mm。第一阶半波长传输线谐振器与第二阶半波长传输线谐振器之间的 间隙为g12＝1.26mm。T型谐振器与半波长传输线谐振器之间的间隙均为g14＝0.5mm。位于中间层、用于稳定空气间隙的馈电介质层背面的馈电微带线的尺寸为W2＝1.58mm。
如图5所示，毫米波Ka波段带通滤波器上方为馈电介质层，馈电介质层与顶部金属盖板形成空气间隙，一是用于电磁波的传播，二是避免引入更多的介质损耗；空气间隙上方为金属盖板，用于防止电磁波泄露。
在实际模型中，如图4所示，该基于印刷脊间隙波导的Ka波段带通滤波器为紧密贴合的三层结构。如图11、图12所示的基于印刷脊间隙波导的Ka波段带通滤波器的实物示意图，该滤波器通过边缘的PP螺丝对三层结构进行加固，以保证空气间隙的严密性，防止电磁泄露。中间层的馈电介质板延伸出底层介质基片，并且印刷有馈电微带线，便于与其他毫米波电路进行集成。
图13显示了人工磁导体结构产生的电磁波阻带，该结构可以抑制位于阻带频段内的电磁波的传播。Ka波段带通滤波器的工作频率位于其中，可以有效抑制微带传输线的杂散辐射，抑制效果良好。图13为本发明的周期性人工磁导体的电磁波阻带色散图，图13中横坐标代表工作频率，纵坐标代表传播常数。
图14是Ka波段带通滤波器的S参数仿真图。工作带宽为29.8GHz到32GHz，带宽为2.2GHz，相对带宽为7.3％。在整个通带内，回波损耗基本小于-20dB，插入损耗在-0.8dB左右。在27GHz和33GHz处各有一传输零点，带外抑制达到了-30dB，带外抑制性能良好。图14的横坐标代表工作频率，纵坐标代表反射系数S参数。
图15是Ka波段带通滤波器的S参数实测与仿真对比波形图。在28GHz到32.3GHz的通带内，回波损耗基本小于-15dB，基本在1.1dB左右，带内平坦度良好，测试结果与仿真结果基本吻合。在27GHz和33GHz处各有一传输零点，带外抑制性能良好。测试结果与仿真结果基本吻合。图15的横坐标代表工作频率，纵坐标代表反射系数S参数。
综上，本发明提出了一种基于印刷脊间隙波导的Ka波段带通滤波器，该Ka波段带通滤波器除了结构简单、低剖面、易于集成的特点外，相比传统的Ka波段带通滤波器，节约了额外的封装，大大减少了介电损耗，解决了传统微带滤波结构高损耗的问题，从而为毫米波电路的研究打下了坚实基础。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种基于印刷脊间隙波导的四阶Ka波段带通滤波器，其特征在于：包括设置在底层介质基板上表面的微带滤波器结构，顶部金属盖板以及位于中间层、用于稳定空气间隙的馈电介质层；所述的微带滤波器结构包含输入端口、输出端口、两个半波长耦合传输线谐振器以及两个T型谐振器；所述的输入端口通过耦合缝隙与第一阶半波长传输线谐振器进行耦合，所述的输出端口通过耦合缝隙与第二阶半波长传输线谐振器进行耦合，两个T型谐振器位于输入端口、输出端口以及两个半波长耦合传输线谐振器所在直线的两侧，分别通过耦合缝隙“背靠背”与第一阶、第二阶半波长传输线谐振器进行耦合。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种基于印刷脊间隙波导的四阶Ka波段带通滤波器，其特征在于：所述的输入端口、输出端口、两个半波长耦合传输线谐振器以及两个T型谐振器均连接有周期排列的、并与接地板相连的金属过孔；所述的输入端口、输出端口、两个半波长耦合传输线谐振器以及两个T型谐振器四周均排布有人工磁导体单元。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种基于印刷脊间隙波导的四阶Ka波段带通滤波器，其特征在于：所述的输入端口、输出端口均包含宽度不同的两部分传输线段；两部分传输线段的宽度分别根据介质板和空气介质计算确定。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的一种基于印刷脊间隙波导的四阶Ka波段带通滤波器，其特征在于：所述的输入端口、输出端口、两个半波长耦合传输线谐振器以及两个T型谐振器四周的人工磁导体单元由介质基板上周期性排列的金属贴片、金属过孔与金属接地板共同构成。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种基于印刷脊间隙波导的四阶Ka波段带通滤波器，其特征在于：所述的馈电介质层的背面印刷有馈电微带线，位置与输入端口、输出端口重合。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种基于印刷脊间隙波导的四阶Ka波段带通滤波器，其特征在于：所述的馈电介质层的边缘分别与输入端口、输出端口中两段不同宽度的传输线段的分界处对齐。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种基于印刷脊间隙波导的四阶Ka波段带通滤波器，其特征在于：在水平方向延展三层介质并进行打孔，使用PP螺丝对滤波器进行固定；三层介质在垂直方向紧密贴合没有空隙。
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CN114824708B (zh) * 2022-04-27 2023-12-12 南京邮电大学 一种多层基片集成的波导带通滤波器
CN114843773A (zh) * 2022-04-28 2022-08-02 南通大学 一种集成式毫米波端射滤波天线
CN114843773B (zh) * 2022-04-28 2023-09-12 南通大学 一种集成式毫米波端射滤波天线
CN115395191A (zh) * 2022-09-08 2022-11-25 南京邮电大学 一种基于混合耦合的宽阻带基片集成波导滤波器
CN115395191B (zh) * 2022-09-08 2024-04-16 南京邮电大学 一种基于混合耦合的宽阻带基片集成波导滤波器

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