WO2021238580A1 - Ards人工模型肺 - Google Patents
Ards人工模型肺 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021238580A1 WO2021238580A1 PCT/CN2021/091314 CN2021091314W WO2021238580A1 WO 2021238580 A1 WO2021238580 A1 WO 2021238580A1 CN 2021091314 W CN2021091314 W CN 2021091314W WO 2021238580 A1 WO2021238580 A1 WO 2021238580A1
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- G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B23/28—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for medicine
- G09B23/30—Anatomical models
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- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B23/28—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for medicine
- G09B23/30—Anatomical models
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- the invention relates to a medical model, in particular to an ARDS artificial model lung.
- ARDS acute respiratory distress syndrome
- the invention aims to provide an artificial model lung simulating ARDS that meets the needs of clinical research and teaching.
- the ARDS artificial model lung is characterized in that it includes a model lung, the model lung includes simulated alveoli, simulated pulmonary artery, simulated pulmonary vein, simulated pulmonary artery network, simulated pulmonary vein network, and simulated trachea.
- the model lungs are respectively model lungs from top to bottom. The anterior part, the middle part of the model lung, and the back part of the model lung.
- the simulated alveoli are divided into three parts. The three simulated alveoli are respectively concentrated in the front part of the model lung, the middle part of the model lung and the back part of the model lung.
- the simulated pulmonary artery network and simulated pulmonary vein network are both meshed around the simulated alveoli.
- the simulated pulmonary arteries include mutually independent front simulated pulmonary arteries, middle simulated pulmonary arteries, and rear simulated pulmonary arteries, and the front simulated pulmonary arteries are connected and surrounded.
- a simulated pulmonary artery network, the simulated pulmonary veins being connected to the simulated pulmonary vein network;
- vascular contents It also includes vascular contents, vascular contents container, spherical valve, metering pump, check valve, negative pressure device, vacuum pump, vent valve, fan, and gas pipeline.
- the vascular contents are stored in the vascular contents container, so
- the ball valve includes a first ball valve, a second ball valve, and a third ball valve
- the metering pump includes a first metering pump, a second metering pump, and a third metering pump
- the check valve includes a first check valve , A second check valve and a third check valve
- the blood vessel content container is connected to the first ball valve, the first metering pump, the first check valve and the front simulated pulmonary artery through the front simulated pulmonary artery
- the blood vessel content container passes through
- the middle simulated pulmonary artery is connected to the second spherical valve, the second metering pump, the second check valve, and the middle simulated pulmonary artery in sequence.
- the simulated pulmonary artery is connected to the third spherical valve, the third metering pump, and the third check valve after the vessel content container passes through. And after simulating the pulmonary artery, the vacuum pump is sequentially connected to the negative pressure device and the simulated pulmonary vein through the simulated pulmonary vein, and the fan is sequentially connected to the vent valve and the simulated trachea through the gas pipeline.
- it further includes a simulated lung interstitium, and the simulated lung interstitium is made of coarse hollow silica gel.
- the material of the simulated alveoli is polysulfone hollow fiber membrane material.
- the materials of the simulated pulmonary artery network and simulated pulmonary vein network are polysulfone membrane materials.
- the blood vessel content is a mixed liquid including water, inorganic salt and perfluorotributylamine.
- a layer of diaphragm is provided on the surface of the simulated alveoli, and the barrier diaphragm is made of PVC film material.
- the material of the simulated trachea is phenolic plastic.
- the present invention can be used as a normal lung ventilation model to play a value in the training of ventilator use;
- the present invention can adjust the ventilation volume and frequency, the arteries can imitate the increase in circulatory pressure, the permeability of the capillary membrane of the simulated alveolar increases, the fluid leaks into the simulated alveoli, and the leakage in different parts is inconsistent, resulting in the inconsistency in the model lungs.
- the uniformity is changed, and the position and amount of liquid leakage can be controlled through the adjustment of the arteriovenous pressure difference, which truly simulates the clinical situation.
- Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.
- the ARDS artificial model lung provided by the present invention includes a model lung.
- the model lung includes a simulated alveoli, a simulated pulmonary artery, a simulated pulmonary vein, a simulated pulmonary artery network, a simulated pulmonary vein network, and a simulated trachea.
- the model lungs are respectively model lungs from top to bottom. The front part, the middle part of the model lung, and the back part of the model lung.
- the simulated alveoli are divided into three parts.
- the three simulated alveoli are respectively concentrated in the front part of the model lung, the middle part of the model lung, and the back part of the model lung.
- the simulated pulmonary artery network and the simulated pulmonary vein network are both networked.
- the simulated pulmonary artery includes a front simulated pulmonary artery, a middle simulated pulmonary artery, and a rear simulated pulmonary artery that are independent of each other.
- the front simulated pulmonary artery is connected to the simulated pulmonary artery network surrounding the simulated alveoli in the front of the simulated lung.
- the middle simulated pulmonary artery is connected to the simulated pulmonary artery network surrounding the simulated alveoli in the middle of the simulated lung
- the rear simulated pulmonary artery is connected to the simulated pulmonary artery network surrounding the simulated alveoli in the rear of the simulated lung
- the simulated pulmonary vein is connected to the simulated pulmonary vein network .
- the simulated alveolar material is a polysulfone hollow fiber membrane material, which has excellent hydrolysis resistance and excellent mechanical properties, a wide range of pore sizes, and excellent permeability.
- the simulated pulmonary artery network and simulated pulmonary vein network and simulated alveoli must have permeability to the same liquid and have good elasticity. Therefore, the materials of the simulated pulmonary artery network and simulated pulmonary vein network are polysulfone membrane materials.
- blood vessel content which is a mixed liquid including water, inorganic salt, and perfluorotributylamine.
- the surface of the simulated alveoli is provided with a group of diaphragms, and the barrier diaphragm is made of PVC membrane material.
- the simulated trachea needs to have a certain hardness, and the simulated trachea is made of phenolic plastic.
- the model lung also includes a simulated lung interstitium. Due to the extensive thickening of the alveolar septum and air cavity walls in patients with ARDS, the scattered and separated collagenous connective tissues proliferate to cause diffuse irregular fibrosis.
- the simulated lung interstitial material is coarse hollow silica gel.
- the present invention also includes a vessel content container, a spherical valve, a metering pump, a check valve, a negative pressure device, a vacuum pump, a vent valve, a fan, and a gas pipeline.
- the vessel content is stored in the vessel content container.
- the valve includes a first ball valve, a second ball valve, and a third ball valve.
- the metering pump includes a first metering pump, a second metering pump, and a third metering pump.
- the check valve includes a first check valve, a second A second check valve and a third check valve.
- the vessel content container is connected to the first ball valve, the first metering pump, the first check valve and the front simulated pulmonary artery in sequence through the front simulated pulmonary artery.
- the blood vessel contents container passes through the simulation
- the pulmonary artery is connected to the second spherical valve, the second metering pump, the second check valve, and the middle simulated pulmonary artery in sequence.
- the simulated pulmonary artery is connected to the third spherical valve, the third metering pump, the third check valve and the rear
- the pulmonary artery is simulated, the vacuum pump is sequentially connected to the negative pressure device and the simulated pulmonary vein through the simulated pulmonary vein, and the air blower is sequentially connected to the vent valve and the simulated trachea through a gas pipeline.
- the contents of the blood vessel are delivered to the simulated alveoli of the front, middle, and back three parts of the model lung through the different pressures generated by the first metering pump, the second metering pump, and the third metering pump, resulting in uneven ARDS sexual change.
- the pressure and flow of the first metering pump, the second metering pump and the third metering pump can be adjusted to simulate the arterial blood supply of the alveoli in different parts.
- the simulated pulmonary vein is connected with the negative pressure device and the vacuum pump, and the vacuum pump is used to reduce the pressure of the negative pressure device, and promote the flow of vascular contents in the simulated pulmonary artery-simulated alveoli-simulated pulmonary vein.
- the fan is connected to the simulated air pipe, and the fan is used to simulate mechanical ventilation, and then the ventilation volume and pressure are adjusted through the vent valve to simulate human breathing.
- the present invention simulates two situations:
- Normal ventilation the pressure used is released by a vacuum pump and a negative pressure device, so that the present invention can be used as a normal lung ventilation model to play a value in the training of the use of ventilator.
- ARDS simulation According to the real breathing situation of the human body, the ventilation volume and frequency can be adjusted. It can simulate the increase of the arterial circulation pressure on the simulated pulmonary artery and simulate the increase of the permeability of the alveolar capillary membrane, so that the blood vessel contents leak In the simulated alveoli, the leakage conditions of the simulated alveoli in different parts are different, resulting in uneven changes in the lung of the model of the present invention.
- the present invention can control the leakage position and leakage amount of the vascular contents by simulating the adjustment of the pressure difference between the pulmonary artery and the vein, and simulate the real clinical situation.
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Abstract
一种ARDS人工模型肺,包括模型肺,模型肺包括模拟肺泡、模拟肺动脉、模拟肺静脉、模拟肺动脉网络、模拟肺静脉网络以及模拟气管,模型肺由上至下分别为模型肺前部、模型肺中部及模型肺后部,模拟肺泡有若干,模拟肺泡分为3部分,模拟肺动脉网络及模拟肺静脉网络均呈网状包绕于模拟肺泡周围,还包括血管内容物、血管内容物容器、球形阀、计量泵、止逆阀、负压装置、真空泵、放空阀、风机以及气体管路。结构简单耐用、可操作性强,可模拟ARDS所带来的肺不均一性变化,满足临床研究及教学的需求。
Description
本发明涉及一种医学用模型,尤其涉及ARDS人工模型肺。
当前,急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)在重症监护室中的发病率高达10%,而病死率高达35%-46%。
针对ARDS的治疗最重要的改善措施是机械通气,故研究基于病理生理改变的机械通气模式至关重要。
然而目前并没有较好的体外模型来支撑ARDS治疗的研究及临床培训,只有使用动物模型。但动物模型并不能够完全模拟这种病理特征,也不具备能反复、随时使用的特点。
发明内容
本发明旨在提供一种满足临床研究及教学需要的模拟ARDS的人工模型肺。
为达到上述目的,本发明是采用以下技术方案实现的:
ARDS人工模型肺,其特征在于:包括模型肺,所述模型肺包括模拟肺泡、模拟肺动脉、模拟肺静脉、模拟肺动脉网络、模拟肺静脉网络以及模拟气管,所述模型肺由上至下分别为模型肺前部、模型肺中部及模型肺后部,所述模拟肺泡有若干,所述模拟肺泡分为3部分,3部分模拟肺泡分别集中设置于模型肺前部、模型肺中部及模型肺后部,所述模拟肺动脉网络及模拟肺静脉网络均呈网状包绕于所述模拟肺泡周围,所述模拟肺动脉包括相互独立的前 模拟肺动脉、中模拟肺动脉以及后模拟肺动脉,所述前模拟肺动脉连通包绕于模拟肺前部模拟肺泡周围的模拟肺动脉网络,所述中模拟肺动脉连通包绕于模拟肺中部模拟肺泡周围的模拟肺动脉网络,所述后模拟肺动脉连通包绕于模拟肺后部模拟肺泡周围的模拟肺动脉网络,所述模拟肺静脉连通模拟肺静脉网络;
还包括血管内容物、血管内容物容器、球形阀、计量泵、止逆阀、负压装置、真空泵、放空阀、风机以及气体管路,所述血管内容物储存于血管内容物容器内,所述球形阀包括第一球形阀、第二球形阀以及第三球形阀,所述计量泵包括第一计量泵、第二计量泵以及第三计量泵,所述止逆阀包括第一止逆阀、第二止逆阀以及第三止逆阀,所述血管内容物容器通过前模拟肺动脉依次连通第一球形阀、第一计量泵、第一止逆阀以及前模拟肺动脉,血管内容物容器通过中模拟肺动脉依次连通第二球形阀、第二计量泵、第二止逆阀以及中模拟肺动脉,血管内容物容器通过后模拟肺动脉依次连通第三球形阀、第三计量泵、第三止逆阀以及后模拟肺动脉,所述真空泵通过模拟肺静脉依次连通所述负压装置以及模拟肺静脉,所述风机通过气体管路依次连通放空阀以及模拟气管。
优选的,还包括模拟肺间质,所述模拟肺间质材质为粗空硅胶。
优选的,所述模拟肺泡材质为聚砜中空纤维膜材料。
优选的,所述模拟肺动脉网络及模拟肺静脉网络材质均为聚砜膜材料。
优选的,所述血管内容物为包括水、无机盐以及全氟三丁胺的混合液体。
优选的,所述模拟肺泡表面设有1层组隔膜,所述阻隔膜材质为PVC膜材料。
优选的,所述模拟气管材质为酚醛塑料。
本发明具备以下优点:
1、本发明在将所有压力释放后,可作为正常肺通气模型,在呼吸机使用培训上发挥价值;
2、本发明可调节通气量和频率,动脉可模仿循环压力升高,模拟肺泡毛细血管膜通透性增加,液体渗漏到模拟肺泡中,且不同部位渗漏不一致,造成模型肺内的不均一性改变,还可通过动静脉压力差的调节对液体的渗漏部位和多少进行控制,真实模拟临床情况。
图1为本发明结构示意图。
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合附图,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。
本发明所提供ARDS人工模型肺,包括模型肺,所述模型肺包括模拟肺泡、模拟肺动脉、模拟肺静脉、模拟肺动脉网络、模拟肺静脉网络以及模拟气管,所述模型肺由上至下分别为模型肺前部、模型肺中部及模型肺后部。
所述模拟肺泡有若干,所述模拟肺泡分为3部分,3部分模拟肺泡分别集中设置于模型肺前部、模型肺中部及模型肺后部,所述模拟肺动脉网络及模拟肺静脉网络均呈网状包绕于所述模拟肺泡周围,所述模拟肺动脉包括相互独立的前模拟肺动脉、中模拟肺动脉以及后模拟肺动脉,所述前模拟肺动脉连通包绕于模拟肺前部模拟肺泡周围的模拟肺动脉网络,所述中模拟肺动脉连通包绕于模拟肺中部模拟肺泡周围的模拟肺动脉网络,所述后模拟肺动脉连通包绕于模拟肺后部模拟肺泡周围的模拟肺动脉网络,所述模拟肺静脉连通模拟肺静脉网络。
模拟肺泡内有蛋白质水肿液及炎症细胞浸润,形成透明膜。考虑其通透性和顺应性,所述模拟肺泡材质为聚砜中空纤维膜材料,这样一来具有优良的耐水解性和优异的力学性能,孔径制作范围宽,拥有优良的渗透性。
所述模拟肺动脉网络及模拟肺静脉网络与模拟肺泡须对同一液体具有通透性且具有良好弹性,因此,所述模拟肺动脉网络及模拟肺静脉网络材质均为聚砜膜材料。
还包括血管内容物,所述血管内容物为包括水、无机盐以及全氟三丁胺的混合液体。为防止血管内容物漏出,挤压肺泡变形,所述模拟肺泡表面设有1层组隔膜,所述阻隔膜材质为PVC膜材料。
模拟气管需具备一定硬度,所述模拟气管材质为酚醛塑料。
模型肺中还包括模拟肺间质,因ARDS患者肺泡隔和气腔壁广泛增厚,散在分隔的胶原结缔组织增生致弥漫性不规则纤维化,所述模拟肺间质材质为粗空硅胶。
本发明还包括血管内容物容器、球形阀、计量泵、止逆阀、负压装置、真空泵、放空阀、风机以及气体管路,所述血管内容物储存于血管内容物容器内,所述球形阀包括第一球形阀、第二球形阀以及第三球形阀,所述计量泵包括第一计量泵、第二计量泵以及第三计量泵,所述止逆阀包括第一止逆阀、第二止逆阀以及第三止逆阀,所述血管内容物容器通过前模拟肺动脉依次连通第一球形阀、第一计量泵、第一止逆阀以及前模拟肺动脉,血管内容物容器通过中模拟肺动脉依次连通第二球形阀、第二计量泵、第二止逆阀以及中模拟肺动脉,血管内容物容器通过后模拟肺动脉依次连通第三球形阀、第三计量泵、第三止逆阀以及后模拟肺动脉,所述真空泵通过模拟肺静脉依次连通所述负压装置以及模拟肺静脉,所述风机通过气体管路依次连通放空 阀以及模拟气管。
在使用过程中,血管内容物通过第一计量泵、第二计量泵以及第三计量泵所产生的不同压力被输送到模型肺前、中、后三个部分的模拟肺泡中,造成ARDS不均一性改变。第一计量泵、第二计量泵及第三计量泵的压力、流量均可调节,以此模拟不同部位肺泡的动脉供血情况。
模拟肺静脉与负压装置及真空泵连通,利用真空泵降低负压装置的压力,促进血管内容物在模拟肺动脉-模拟肺泡-模拟肺静脉中流动。
风机连通模拟气管,利用风机模拟机械通气,再通过放空阀来调节通气量和通气压力,模拟人体呼吸。
综上,本发明模拟两种情形:
1、正常通气:通过真空泵、负压装置释放所用压力,让本发明作为正常肺通气模型,在呼吸机使用培训上发挥价值。
2、ARDS模拟:可根据人体真实呼吸情况,调节通气量和频率,可在模拟肺动脉上模拟动脉循环压力升高,并模拟肺泡毛细血管膜通透性增加的情形,这样,血管内容物渗漏到模拟肺泡中,且不同部位的模拟肺泡的渗漏情况不一样,造成本发明模型肺内的不均一性改变。本发明可通过模拟肺动、静脉压力差的调节对血管内容物的渗漏部位和渗漏量进行控制,模拟真实的临床情况。
当然,本发明还可有其它多种实施例,在不背离本发明精神及其实质的情况下,熟悉本领域的技术人员可根据本发明作出各种相应的改变和变形,但这些相应的改变和变形都应属于本发明所附的权利要求的保护范围。
Claims (7)
- ARDS人工模型肺,其特征在于:包括模型肺,所述模型肺包括模拟肺泡、模拟肺动脉、模拟肺静脉、模拟肺动脉网络、模拟肺静脉网络以及模拟气管,所述模型肺由上至下分别为模型肺前部、模型肺中部及模型肺后部,所述模拟肺泡有若干,所述模拟肺泡分为3部分,3部分模拟肺泡分别集中设置于模型肺前部、模型肺中部及模型肺后部,所述模拟肺动脉网络及模拟肺静脉网络均呈网状包绕于所述模拟肺泡周围,所述模拟肺动脉包括相互独立的前模拟肺动脉、中模拟肺动脉以及后模拟肺动脉,所述前模拟肺动脉连通包绕于模拟肺前部模拟肺泡周围的模拟肺动脉网络,所述中模拟肺动脉连通包绕于模拟肺中部模拟肺泡周围的模拟肺动脉网络,所述后模拟肺动脉连通包绕于模拟肺后部模拟肺泡周围的模拟肺动脉网络,所述模拟肺静脉连通模拟肺静脉网络;还包括血管内容物、血管内容物容器、球形阀、计量泵、止逆阀、负压装置、真空泵、放空阀、风机以及气体管路,所述血管内容物储存于血管内容物容器内,所述球形阀包括第一球形阀、第二球形阀以及第三球形阀,所述计量泵包括第一计量泵、第二计量泵以及第三计量泵,所述止逆阀包括第一止逆阀、第二止逆阀以及第三止逆阀,所述血管内容物容器通过前模拟肺动脉依次连通第一球形阀、第一计量泵、第一止逆阀以及前模拟肺动脉,血管内容物容器通过中模拟肺动脉依次连通第二球形阀、第二计量泵、第二止逆阀以及中模拟肺动脉,血管内容物容器通过后模拟肺动脉依次连通第三球形阀、第三计量泵、第三止逆阀以及后模拟肺动脉,所述真空泵通过模拟肺静脉依次连通所述负压装置以及模拟肺静脉,所述风机通过气体管路依次连通放空阀以及模拟气管。
- 根据权利要求1所述的ARDS人工模型肺,其特征在于:还包括模拟肺间质,所述模拟肺间质材质为粗空硅胶。
- 根据权利要求1所述的ARDS人工模型肺,其特征在于:所述模拟肺泡材质为聚砜中空纤维膜材料。
- 根据权利要求1所述的ARDS人工模型肺,其特征在于:所述模拟肺动脉网络及模拟肺静脉网络材质均为聚砜膜材料。
- 根据权利要求1所述的ARDS人工模型肺,其特征在于:所述血管内容物为包括水、无机盐以及全氟三丁胺的混合液体。
- 根据权利要求1所述的ARDS人工模型肺,其特征在于:所述模拟肺泡表面设有1层组隔膜,所述阻隔膜材质为PVC膜材料。
- 根据权利要求1所述的ARDS人工模型肺,其特征在于:所述模拟气管材质为酚醛塑料。
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