WO2021237795A1 - 发声器件 - Google Patents

发声器件 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021237795A1
WO2021237795A1 PCT/CN2020/094725 CN2020094725W WO2021237795A1 WO 2021237795 A1 WO2021237795 A1 WO 2021237795A1 CN 2020094725 W CN2020094725 W CN 2020094725W WO 2021237795 A1 WO2021237795 A1 WO 2021237795A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sound
housing
sounding
diaphragm
basin frame
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2020/094725
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吴树文
曹成铭
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AAC Technologies Holdings Shenzhen Co Ltd
AAC Technologies Pte Ltd
Original Assignee
AAC Acoustic Technologies Shenzhen Co Ltd
AAC Technologies Pte Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by AAC Acoustic Technologies Shenzhen Co Ltd, AAC Technologies Pte Ltd filed Critical AAC Acoustic Technologies Shenzhen Co Ltd
Publication of WO2021237795A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021237795A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/04—Construction, mounting, or centering of coil
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers

Definitions

  • the utility model relates to the field of electro-acoustic conversion, in particular to a sound-producing device applied to portable mobile electronic products.
  • Sounding devices also known as speakers, are widely used in portable mobile electronic products, such as mobile phones, to convert audio signals into sound for playback.
  • the sounding devices have high loudness and amplitude.
  • the related art sounding device includes a basin frame, a vibration system fixed to the basin frame, and a magnetic circuit system with a magnetic gap.
  • the magnetic circuit system drives the vibration system to vibrate and produce sound
  • the vibration system includes The diaphragm of the basin frame and a voice coil fixed to the diaphragm and inserted in the magnetic gap to drive the diaphragm to vibrate and produce sound.
  • the related art sound device does not have a rear cavity structure or the rear cavity is an open structure, when used in portable mobile electronic products such as mobile phones, it will cause the problem of mobile phone shell vibration, resulting in poor user experience; and mobile phone space Due to the limited size, the sound emitting device cannot be designed into a speaker box structure with a back cavity in the prior art to overcome this problem.
  • the purpose of the utility model is to provide a sound device with simple structure, good acoustic performance and good user experience.
  • the present invention provides a sound emitting device, which includes a casing and a sound emitting unit fixedly housed in the casing, and the sound emitting unit and the casing jointly enclose a sealed rear acoustic cavity
  • the sound-producing unit includes a basin frame, a vibration system that is respectively supported and fixed to the basin frame, and a magnetic circuit system that drives the vibration system to vibrate and emit sound
  • the vibration system includes a diaphragm fixed to the basin frame
  • the housing includes a rear shell located on the side of the basin frame away from the diaphragm and spaced from the sound emitting unit, and a side wall extending from the periphery of the rear shell in the direction of the diaphragm, and the side wall surrounds The peripheral side of the basin frame; the thickness of the shell is smaller than the thickness of the basin frame;
  • the side wall is attached to the basin frame, or the side wall is spaced from at least one side of the basin frame, and the space is less than 3 times the thickness of the housing;
  • the rear housing, the side walls, and the sounding monomer jointly enclose the rear sound cavity, the sounding monomer is provided with a leaking portion communicating with the rear sound cavity, and the housing is provided with a through hole A leak hole, which communicates the rear acoustic cavity with the outside world.
  • the housing further includes a base attached and fixed to a side of the basin frame close to the diaphragm, the base is provided with a sound hole penetrating through the base, and the sound hole is in communication with the diaphragm, The end of the side wall away from the rear shell is connected to and sealed with the base.
  • the side wall extends toward the inner side thereof to form a boss, and the side of the sound-producing monomer abuts against the boss and forms a seal toward the rear shell.
  • the housing includes a first part and a second part that are separately arranged on opposite sides of the sound-producing monomer along a vibration direction perpendicular to the diaphragm, and the housing is composed of the first part and the second part.
  • the second part is formed by splicing.
  • the ratio of the thickness of the shell to the thickness of the basin frame is less than 0.4.
  • the housing is made of metal material.
  • the housing is at least partially grounded.
  • the sound generating device further includes a conductive member, one end of the conductive member is electrically connected to the housing, and the other end of the conductive member is used for grounding.
  • the conductive member is formed by extending the housing.
  • the sound emitting device further includes a conductive member, the conductive member includes two electrical pathways, one of the electrical pathways is used to connect the sounding monomer with an external electrical signal, and the other of the electrical pathways The road is used to connect the shell and the ground.
  • the sound generating device further includes at least two positioning pieces, the at least two positioning pieces are connected to opposite sides or two diagonal corners of the casing, and the positioning piece is provided at one end away from the casing. There are positioning holes running through it.
  • the positioning piece is formed by extending outward from the casing.
  • the sound-generating device further includes a conductive terminal
  • the rear shell is also provided with an electrical connection hole penetrating therethrough
  • the conductive terminal is at least partially located in the electrical connection hole and exposed to the rear housing for communication with The external circuit is electrically connected.
  • the shell is made of a 0.15mm thick steel sheet.
  • the sound-producing unit further includes a front cover arranged on the side of the basin frame close to the diaphragm and enclosing a front acoustic cavity with the diaphragm, and the front cover is provided with a front sound cavity along the diaphragm.
  • the vibration direction penetrates through the through hole thereon, and the through hole connects the front acoustic cavity with the outside.
  • the sound generating device further includes a front cover arranged on a side of the basin frame close to the diaphragm and enclosing a front sound cavity with the diaphragm, and the front cover is provided with vibrations along the diaphragm.
  • the direction penetrates through the through hole, the through hole connects the front acoustic cavity with the outside; the base is pressed and fixed on the side of the front cover away from the diaphragm, and the front cover passes through the The sound hole is exposed on the base.
  • the sound generating device further includes a breathable damping member attached to the front cover, and the breathable damping member completely covers the through hole.
  • the part of the diaphragm fixed to the basin frame is provided with a ring-shaped sealing boss protruding toward the front cover, and the front cover is pressed on the sealing boss to form a seal.
  • the part of the diaphragm fixed to the basin frame is provided with a ring-shaped sealing boss protruding toward the base, and the base is pressed against the sealing boss to form a seal.
  • the sound-emitting device includes a sound-guiding shell covering a side of the sound-emitting monomer away from the rear shell, the sound-guiding shell having a sound-guiding cavity forming a side sound-emitting structure, and the sound-guiding cavity and the vibration The membrane is connected.
  • the housing and the sound-emitting monomer also enclose a sound-guiding cavity forming a side sound-emitting structure, and the sound-guiding cavity is in communication with the diaphragm.
  • the sound emitting device further includes a gas permeable isolator located in the rear acoustic cavity, and the gas permeable isolator is attached to the sound emitting monomer and separates the sound emitting unit from the rear acoustic cavity.
  • the sound generating device further includes a gas-permeable spacer located in the rear acoustic cavity, and the gas-permeable spacer includes a spacer body arranged opposite to the rear shell at intervals, and is directed from the periphery of the spacer body to the A spacer extension part bent and extended in the direction of the back shell and a spacer fixing part bent and extended from an end of the spacer extension part away from the spacer body; the spacer extension part is arranged at a distance from the side wall, The spacer fixing part is fixed to the rear shell; the air-permeable spacer and the rear shell jointly enclose a powder filling space.
  • the gas-permeable spacer includes a spacer body arranged opposite to the rear shell at intervals, and is directed from the periphery of the spacer body to the A spacer extension part bent and extended in the direction of the back shell and a spacer fixing part bent and extended from an end of the spacer extension part away from the spacer body; the spacer extension part is arranged
  • a side of the isolator body close to the sounding unit is recessed in a direction away from the sounding unit to form an avoiding step, and the avoiding step is arranged directly opposite to the leakage portion.
  • the ratio of the orthographic projection of the sound-emitting monomer to the rear shell along the vibration direction of the diaphragm to the projected plane area of the rear shell is at least 4/5.
  • the interval is less than or equal to 1/3 of the width of the fixed surface of the diaphragm fixed to the basin frame.
  • the sound emitting device of the present invention includes a casing and a sound emitting unit fixedly housed in the casing.
  • the sound emitting unit and the casing are designed to form a closed rear. Sound cavity, and the side wall is attached to the basin frame, or the side wall is spaced from at least one side of the basin frame, and the space is less than 3 times the thickness of the housing, the rear
  • the housing, the side walls, and the sound emitting monomer jointly enclose the rear acoustic cavity, and the housing is provided with a leakage hole penetrating therethrough, and the leakage hole communicates the rear acoustic cavity with the outside world.
  • the above structure forms The sealed rear acoustic cavity structure is not only simple in structure, and the overall horizontal dimension along the direction of vibration is small, but also makes the acoustic effect of the sound generating device better. Moreover, the sealed rear acoustic cavity structure enables the shell to absorb vibration, thereby making the sound generating device After being applied to a mobile terminal, the occurrence of shell vibration is avoided, and the user experience effect is better.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the sound generating device of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is an exploded schematic diagram of a part of the three-dimensional structure of the sound generating device of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a sectional view taken along the line A-A in Figure 1;
  • Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of part B shown in Fig. 3;
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of fixing a sounding monomer through a boss derived from Fig. 3;
  • Fig. 6 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an embodiment of adding conductive elements of the sound generating device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of another derivative embodiment of FIG. 6;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of another embodiment of adding conductive elements of the sound device of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is an exploded view of a part of the three-dimensional structure of Figure 8.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment in which a side sound emission structure is derived from FIG. 3; FIG.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment in which the housing in FIG. 1 is covered with a sounding monomer;
  • Figure 12 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C in Figure 11;
  • FIG. 13 is an exploded schematic view of the three-dimensional structure of another embodiment of adding conductive elements to the sound device of the present invention.
  • Fig. 14 is a schematic structural view of the sound generating device shown in Fig. 3 with a breathable spacer added;
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment structure of the breathable spacer in the embodiment shown in FIG. 14;
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a derivative embodiment of the embodiment shown in FIG. 15;
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic structural view of the diaphragm of the sound emitting device shown in FIG. 1 provided with a sealing boss;
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment in which a positioning piece is added to the sound generating device shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic structural diagram of a derivative embodiment of the embodiment shown in FIG. 18.
  • the present invention provides a sounding device 100, which includes a housing 1 and a sounding monomer 2 fixedly housed in the housing 1.
  • the body 1 collectively encloses a sealed rear acoustic cavity 10.
  • the sound unit 2 includes a basin frame 21, a vibration system 22, a magnetic circuit system 23 and a leakage part 24.
  • the vibration system 22 and the magnetic circuit system 23 are respectively supported and fixed to the basin frame 21 and jointly enclose a sounding cavity 104.
  • the magnetic circuit system 23 drives the vibration system 22 to vibrate and produce sound.
  • the vibration system 22 includes a diaphragm 221 fixed to the basin frame 21, and the diaphragm 221 is used for vibrating and sounding.
  • the housing 1 includes a rear housing 11 located on the side of the basin frame 21 away from the diaphragm 221 and spaced from the sound emitting unit 2 and extending from the periphery of the rear housing 11 in the direction of the diaphragm 221
  • the side wall 12 is arranged around the circumference of the basin frame 21, so that the rear shell 11, the side wall 12, and the sound-producing monomer 2 jointly enclose the airtight rear sound cavity 10.
  • the leaking portion 24 communicates with the rear acoustic cavity 10, so that the sounding cavity 104 is communicated with the rear acoustic cavity 10 through the leaking portion 24, so as to improve low-frequency acoustic performance.
  • the side of the sounding monomer 2 close to the diaphragm 221 is the sounding side, which is directly connected to the outside to form a front sounding structure.
  • the housing 1 is provided with a leakage hole 103 penetrating therethrough, and the leakage hole 103 connects the rear acoustic cavity 10 with the outside, and is used to balance the sound pressure.
  • the flat structure also belongs to the rear shell 11 described in the present utility model, and the common combination of the flat structure and its peripheral edge bending and extending extended structure also belongs to the rear shell 11 described in the present utility model.
  • the thickness of the shell 1 is smaller than the thickness of the basin frame 21.
  • This structural design enables the shell 1 to meet the structural strength while occupying a large area along the vibration direction perpendicular to the diaphragm 221. Smaller size, more conducive to use in terminals with small horizontal installation space.
  • the side wall 12 is attached to the basin frame 21, so that the rear acoustic cavity 10 is sealed.
  • At least one side of the side wall 12 and the basin frame 21 is provided with a gap 102, and the gap 102 is less than 3 times the thickness of the housing 1.
  • the interval 102 can enable the sound emitting unit 2 to be assembled into the housing 1 more quickly and improve the assembly efficiency, and at the same time, it will not occupy more lateral space occupied by the sound emitting device 100 perpendicular to the vibration direction.
  • the aforementioned interval 102 can also be used to increase the volume of the rear acoustic cavity 10 and further improve the acoustic performance. ) 1/3 of the width.
  • the side wall 12 and the basin frame 21 can be formed to seal the rear acoustic cavity 10 by glueing, or the rear acoustic cavity 10 can be sealed by other structures.
  • the housing 1 further includes a base 13 attached and fixed to the side of the basin frame 21 close to the diaphragm 221, and the base 13 is provided with a sound hole 131 passing through it, so The sound hole 131 communicates with the diaphragm 221 for sound.
  • the end of the side wall 12 away from the rear shell 11 is connected to and sealed with the base 13, so as to realize the sealing of the rear sound cavity 10.
  • FIG. 5 it is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment derived from FIG. 3 in which a sounding monomer is fixed by a boss.
  • the housing 201 does not need to be provided with a base structure, but the side wall 2012 extends to the inside to form a boss 20121 , The side of the sound emitting monomer 202 facing the rear shell 2011 abuts against the boss 20121 and forms a seal, so as to achieve the sealing of the rear sound cavity 2010.
  • the base 13 and the rear shell 11 are respectively covered on opposite sides of the basin frame 21 along the vibration direction of the diaphragm 221.
  • the ratio of the thickness of the shell 1 to the thickness of the basin frame 21 is less than 0.4, so that while the structural strength of the shell 1 is satisfied, the size of the sound emitting device 100 along the direction perpendicular to the vibration is increased as little as possible; The structural strength of the frame 21 is guaranteed while occupying as little space as possible.
  • the above-mentioned sound emitting device 100 of the present invention forms a closed rear acoustic cavity structure, which is simple in structure. On the one hand, it improves the acoustic performance of the sound emitting device 100, especially the low-frequency acoustic performance, and on the other hand, due to the existence of the rear acoustic cavity 10 structure
  • the housing 1 forms a vibration absorbing effect, so that the sound-generating device 100 will not cause a shell vibration phenomenon in the electronic products such as mobile terminals after being used in electronic products such as mobile terminals, which effectively increases the user experience effect of customers.
  • the basin frame 21 is a component used to support the vibration system 22 and the magnetic circuit system 23 to form a single sound emitting structure.
  • the housing 1 is a component that wraps the sound emitting monomer 2 to form a sealed cavity on the periphery of the sound emitting monomer 2, that is, the sound emitting monomer 2 forms the rear acoustic cavity 10 as described above, thereby using To absorb vibration. Therefore, the rear shell 11, the side wall 12, and the base 13 of the housing 1 are not part of the basin 21 in this embodiment.
  • the sound-producing unit 2 further includes a front cover 3 covering a side of the basin frame 21 close to the diaphragm 221 and enclosing a front acoustic cavity 20 with the diaphragm 221, the front cover 3 A through hole 31 penetrating the diaphragm 221 along the vibration direction is provided, and the through hole 31 connects the front acoustic cavity 20 with the outside.
  • the front cover 3 is a part of the structure of the sound emitting monomer 2, that is, the sound emitting monomer 2 has its own front cover 3.
  • the front cover 3 may not be a part of the sound emitting unit 2, but a part of the sound emitting device 100.
  • the sound emitting device 100 may further include a cover provided on the side of the basin frame 21 close to the diaphragm 221.
  • the front cover 3 of the front acoustic cavity 20 is enclosed with the diaphragm 221.
  • the front cover 3 is provided with a through hole 31 passing through it along the vibration direction of the diaphragm 221, and the through hole 31 connects the front acoustic cavity 20 with the outside.
  • This structural arrangement improves the intermediate frequency of the sound generating device 100 High frequency performance.
  • the base 13 is pressed and fixed to the side of the front cover 3 away from the diaphragm 221, and the front cover 3 passes through the sound hole 131 and is exposed to the base 13.
  • the sound generating device 100 further includes a breathable damping member 4 attached to the front cover 3, and the breathable damping member 4 completely covers the through hole 31.
  • the damping of the air-permeable damping member 4 can be adjusted in the other direction to adjust the mid-frequency and high-frequency performance of the sound device.
  • the through holes 31 include a plurality of and are arranged in an array to improve sound stability and balance.
  • the part (ie, the glued surface) of the diaphragm 221 fixed to the basin frame 21 has a small area and a narrow width, the reliability of sealing is poor. Therefore, in this embodiment, please refer to FIG. 17 as shown in FIG. 17a.
  • the part of the diaphragm 221 fixed to the basin frame 21 is arranged in a direction close to the front cover 3.
  • the protruding ring-shaped sealing boss 2211 When assembling, the front cover 3 is pressed on the sealing boss 2211 and the sealing boss 2211 is compressed to form a seal, which has better sealing reliability. Or, as shown in FIG.
  • the portion of the diaphragm 221' fixed to the basin frame 21' is provided with a ring-shaped sealing boss protruding toward the base 13 2211'.
  • the base 13' is pressed on the sealing boss 2211' and the sealing boss 2211' is compressed to form a seal, which has better sealing reliability.
  • the housing 1 can be made of metal, glass, ceramics and other materials.
  • the housing 1 is made of metal materials, such as steel, iron, copper and the like. It can be designed to be thinner while satisfying the structural strength, thereby further reducing the lateral size of the sound emitting device 100 in the direction perpendicular to the vibration direction.
  • the housing 1 is at least partially grounded, so as to form a shielding effect on the sounding monomer 2, reduce the interference effect of external signals on the sounding monomer 2, and improve reliability.
  • the rear shell 11 and the side wall 12, and the side wall 12 and the base 13 are fixed by welding or glue to form a seal.
  • the housing 1 is made of steel sheet with a thickness of 0.15 mm.
  • the interval 102 is less than or equal to 1/3 of the width of the fixing surface (gluing surface) of the diaphragm 221 fixed to the basin frame 21.
  • the distance between the side wall 13 and the basin frame 21 is less than or equal to 0.05 mm.
  • the thickness of the casing 1 is 0.15 mm.
  • the increase in size of the sound emitting device 100 along one side perpendicular to the vibration direction is relatively minimal, and the increase in size on one side is only 0.2mm, which does not affect the expected use.
  • the increase in size on one side is only 0.2mm, which does not affect the expected use.
  • the ratio of the orthographic projection of the sound emitting unit 2 to the rear shell 11 along the vibration direction of the diaphragm 22 to the projected plane area of the rear shell 11 is at least 4/5.
  • This structure can make the size of the sound generating device 100 perpendicular to the vibration direction as small as possible, which satisfies the requirements of the acoustic cavity 10 to achieve vibration absorption and improve low-frequency acoustic performance after being formed, and it is more convenient to install in products with small lateral dimensions in the assembly space.
  • the sound generating device 100 further includes a gas permeable spacer 5 located in the rear acoustic cavity 10, and when the rear acoustic cavity 10 is filled with sound-absorbing materials, such as sound-absorbing particles, the gas permeable spacer 5 is effective This prevents sound-absorbing particles from entering the space between the magnetic circuit system 23 and the vibration system 22, avoids the risk of sound failure, and improves reliability.
  • a gas permeable spacer 5 located in the rear acoustic cavity 10, and when the rear acoustic cavity 10 is filled with sound-absorbing materials, such as sound-absorbing particles, the gas permeable spacer 5 is effective This prevents sound-absorbing particles from entering the space between the magnetic circuit system 23 and the vibration system 22, avoids the risk of sound failure, and improves reliability.
  • the housing 301 is made of a metal material, such as steel, iron, copper, etc., for example, the housing 301 is made of a steel sheet with a thickness of 0.15 mm.
  • the housing 301 is made of a metal material and can be made thinner with the same structural strength, thereby further reducing the horizontal size of the sound emitting device 300 along the direction of vibration.
  • the main difference from the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is that: the embodiment also includes a conductive member 6.
  • the sound emitting device 300 further includes a conductive member 6, one end of the conductive member 6 is connected to the housing 301, and the other end of the conductive member 6 is used for grounding, thereby forming a screen function, so that the sound emitting unit 300 avoids external electromagnetic interference and has better working reliability.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of another derivative embodiment of FIG.
  • the rear shell 4011 is formed to extend in a direction away from the basin frame, and is located on the outside of the housing 401.
  • FIG. 8 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of another embodiment of adding conductive elements of the sound device of the present invention. This embodiment is different from the embodiment shown in FIG. 6 in that the structure and function of the conductive member are different.
  • the sound emitting device 500 further includes a conductive member 506, and the conductive member 506 includes two mutually insulated electrical paths, one of the electrical paths is used to connect the sound emitting monomer 502 with an external electrical signal, It is used to supply power to the sound unit 502, and the other electrical channel is used to connect the housing 501 and the ground to form a shield for the sound unit 502.
  • the conductive member 506 is used to form a shielding effect together with the housing 501, and is also used to supply power to the sound generating unit 502, which has a simpler structure and can achieve dual functions.
  • the conductive member 506 has an FPC structure. Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 8-9, the conductive member 506 includes a first arm 5061 penetrating through the side wall 5012, a second arm extending from opposite ends of the first arm 5061 in the direction of the basin frame 5021 5062. A third arm 5064 extending from the first wall 5061 in a direction away from the basin frame 5021, and a fourth arm 5064 extending from the first wall 5061 in a direction away from the basin frame 5021.
  • the first arm 5061 is electrically connected to the housing 501; the second arm 5062 is fixed to the basin frame 5021 and is electrically connected to the sound emitting unit 502 to supply power to the sound emitting unit 502; the third arm 5063 Used to connect external electrical signals; the fourth arm 5064 is used to ground. That is, the first arm 5061 and the fourth arm 5064 jointly connect the housing 501 to the ground to form an electrical path for shielding the sound emitting unit 502; the first arm 5061, the second arm 5062, and The third arm 5063 jointly realizes the electrical connection between the sound emitting unit 502 and the external electrical signal, and is realized as another electrical path through which the sound emitting unit 502 communicates with the external electrical signal.
  • FIG. 13 is an exploded schematic view of the three-dimensional structure of another embodiment of adding conductive elements to the sound device of the present invention.
  • the sound emitting device 600 further includes a conductive terminal 607, the conductive terminal is fixed to the basin frame 6021 and is connected to the sounding monomer 602, and the rear shell 6011 is also provided with a through
  • the conductive terminal 607 is at least partially located in the electrical connection hole 608 and exposed to the rear shell 6011 for electrical connection with an external circuit.
  • the sound generating device 600 is formed to realize power connection along the vibration direction, which avoids occupying the lateral space of the sound generating device 600 perpendicular to the vibration direction, and is more conducive to being applied to terminals with a small assembly space.
  • FIG. 10 it is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment that is derived from the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 to form a side sound. That is to say, the sound-producing device forms a sound-producing structure from the front side.
  • the sound-emitting device 100 includes a sound-conducting shell 14 covering a side of the sound-emitting monomer 2 away from the rear shell 11, and the sound-conducting shell 14 has a sound-guiding cavity 101 forming a side sound-emitting structure 140, so The sound guide cavity 101 is in communication with the diaphragm 22.
  • the side sound structure 140 can better guide sound, which is convenient for use when the front sound is blocked, and has higher flexibility in use.
  • the sound guide shell 14 and the diaphragm 22 jointly enclose a sound guide cavity 101.
  • the sound guide shell 14 includes a sound guide shell plate 141 spaced and opposed to the diaphragm 22, and a sound guide shell plate 141 extends from the periphery of the sound guide shell plate 141 toward the sound emitting unit 2 and is supported and fixed to the sound emitting unit 2
  • the sound-conducting shell extension wall 142 at the periphery of the single body 2 is provided through the sound-conducting shell extension wall 142 to form a side sounding structure, which is convenient for flexible use of different installation positions.
  • the communication between the sound guiding cavity 101 and the diaphragm 22 may be direct communication, or the diaphragm 22 may communicate through the front acoustic cavity 20 and then the sound guiding cavity 101, which is easily understood by those skilled in the art.
  • the sound conducting shell 14 is a component of the sound emitting device 100 and does not belong to the housing 1.
  • the sound conducting shell 14 When the sound conducting shell 14 is understood as a part of the shell 1, it is also feasible, that is, the sound conducting shell 14 may be a part of the shell 1. In this case, it is the shell 1 and the sound emitting monomer. 2 is also enclosed to form a sound guide cavity 101 forming a side sounding structure, and the sound guide cavity 101 is in communication with the diaphragm 22.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment in which the housing in FIG. 1 is covered with a sounding monomer
  • FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 11 along the line C-C.
  • the combination of the rear shell 7011, the side wall 7012, and the base 7013 is not limited to the way of covering the sound emitting unit 702 along the vibration direction in the embodiment shown in FIG. Opposite sides of the It can also be covered by the peripheral side of the sounding monomer 702, that is, it is covered perpendicular to the vibration direction.
  • the structure is the same, and the only difference lies in the covering direction of the housing 701.
  • the housing 701 includes a first part 7001 and a second part 7002 that are separately provided on opposite sides of the sound emitting unit 702 along a vibration direction perpendicular to the diaphragm 7022, and the housing is formed by the first part 7002.
  • the part 7001 and the second part 7002 are spliced together.
  • the first part 7001 is first covered on one of the peripheral sides of the sounding unit 702 along the direction of vibration, and the side of the sounding unit 702 with the diaphragm 7022 is fixed.
  • the side of the sound-producing monomer 702 close to the diaphragm 7022 is inserted against the base 7013 to form a guiding effect and improve the assembly efficiency.
  • the second part 7002 is covered with the sounding monomer 702 from the opposite side, the side of the sounding monomer 702 with the diaphragm 7022 is attached to the base 7013 to form a guiding function.
  • the two are fixedly connected, such as gluing or welding, so as to form a horizontal splicing of the two.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of the structure of adding a gas-permeable spacer to the sound emitting device shown in FIG. 3.
  • the sound emitting device 100 further includes a gas-permeable isolator 7 located in the rear acoustic cavity 10, and the gas-permeable isolator 7 is attached to the sound monomer 2 and the sound monomer 2 is removed from the rear sound cavity.
  • the acoustic cavity 10 is divided.
  • the air-permeable spacer prevents the sound-absorbing particles from entering the sound-producing monomer 2 and affecting its acoustic performance, thereby improving the reliability of sound production.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of the air-permeable spacer in the embodiment shown in FIG. 14.
  • the sound generating device 800 further includes a gas-permeable spacer 807 located in the rear acoustic cavity 8010, and the gas-permeable spacer 807 includes a spacer body 8071 arranged opposite to the rear shell 8011 at intervals.
  • the spacer extension part 8072 whose periphery is bent and extended in the direction of the rear shell 8011 and the spacer fixing part 8073 which is bent and extended from one end of the spacer extension part 8072 away from the spacer body 8071.
  • the spacer extension 8072 is spaced apart from the side wall 8012, and the spacer fixing part 8073 is fixed to the rear shell 8011; the air-permeable spacer 807 and the rear shell 8011 jointly enclose a powder filling space 801 .
  • the structure in which the spacer extension 8072 and the side wall 8012 are spaced apart can effectively increase the smoothness of ventilation of the rear acoustic cavity 8010 and improve the stability of the low-frequency sound performance.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a derivative embodiment of the embodiment shown in FIG. 15.
  • the side of the isolator body 9071 close to the sounding unit 902 is recessed in a direction away from the sounding unit 902 to form an avoiding step 9074, and the avoiding step 9074 is in line with the leakage portion 9024. Pair set.
  • This structural arrangement can make the leakage of the sounding cavity 9104 of the sounding monomer 902 smoother, thereby improving the sounding performance.
  • FIG. 18 a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment in which a positioning sheet is added to the sound generating device shown in FIG. 1.
  • the sound emitting device 1000 further includes at least two positioning pieces 8, and the at least two positioning pieces 8 are respectively connected to the housing 1001.
  • One end of the positioning piece 8 away from the housing 1001 is provided with a positioning hole 81 penetrating through it, which is used to fix and position the sound emitting device 1000 with the application terminal.
  • it is a threaded hole.
  • the hole 81 is fixed on the terminal device, which is simple and convenient, and the positioning sheet 8 is provided with at least two positioning sheets 8 to form a positioning fixation more effectively.
  • the at least two positioning pieces 8 are connected to opposite sides or two diagonal corners of the housing 1001, and the symmetrical arrangement makes the sound generating device 1000 and the terminal device have a better positioning and fixing effect.
  • the positioning piece 8 is fixed to the housing 1001 by welding, that is, the positioning piece 8 and the housing 1001 are a separate structure of two devices.
  • the positioning piece 8 can also be used for grounding at the same time to form a shield for the housing 1001.
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic structural diagram of a derivative embodiment of the embodiment shown in FIG. 18.
  • the difference from the embodiment shown in FIG. 18 is that in the sound generating device 1100 in this embodiment, the positioning piece 1118 is formed by extending outward from the housing 1111, that is, the positioning piece 1118 and the housing 1111 are integrally formed
  • the structure is simple to form, the number of components is reduced, and the assembly efficiency is improved.
  • the sound emitting device of the present invention includes a casing and a sound emitting unit fixedly housed in the casing.
  • the sound emitting unit and the casing are designed to form a closed rear. Sound cavity, and the side wall is attached to the basin frame, or the side wall is spaced from at least one side of the basin frame, and the space is less than 3 times the thickness of the housing, the rear
  • the housing, the side walls, and the sound emitting monomer jointly enclose the rear acoustic cavity, and the housing is provided with a leakage hole penetrating therethrough, and the leakage hole communicates the rear acoustic cavity with the outside world.
  • the above structure forms The sealed rear acoustic cavity structure is not only simple in structure, the overall horizontal dimension along the direction of vibration is small, and the acoustic effect of the sound generating device is better, and the sealed rear acoustic cavity structure enables the shell to be used for vibration absorption, thereby making the sound generating device After being applied to a mobile terminal, the occurrence of shell vibration is avoided, and the user experience effect is better.

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Abstract

一种发声器件（100），包括壳体（1）和固定收容于壳体（1）内的发声单体（2），发声单体（2）与壳体（1）共同围成密闭的后声腔（10），发声单体（2）包括盆架（21）、分别支撑固定于盆架（21）的振动系统（22）和驱动振动系统（22）振动发声的磁路系统（23），振动系统（22）包括固定于盆架（21）的振膜（221）；壳体（1）包括位于盆架（21）远离振膜（221）一侧且与发声单体（2）间隔的后壳（11）和由后壳（11）的周缘向振膜（221）方向延伸的侧壁（12），侧壁（12）环绕盆架（21）周侧；壳体（1）的厚度小于盆架（21）的厚度；侧壁（12）贴合于盆架（21），或侧壁（12）与盆架（21）的至少一侧设有间隔（102），且间隔（102）小于3倍壳体（1）的厚度；后壳（11）、侧壁（12）及发声单体（2）共同围成后声腔（10），壳体（1）设有贯穿其上的泄露孔（103），泄露孔（103）将后声腔（10）与外界连通。

Description

发声器件 技术领域
本实用新型涉及电声转换领域，尤其涉及一种运用于便携式移动电子产品的发声器件。
 背景技术
发声器件又名扬声器，广泛运用于便携式移动电子产品中，比如手机，实现将音频信号转化为声音播放，发声器件响度大，振幅度。
相关技术的发声器件包括盆架、分别固定于所述盆架的振动系统和具有磁间隙的磁路系统，所述磁路系统驱动所述振动系统振动发声，所述振动系统包括固定于所述盆架的振膜以及固定于所述振膜并插设于所述磁间隙以驱动所述振膜振动发声的音圈。
 技术问题
然而，相关技术的发声器件因不具有后腔结构或后腔为开放式结构，其运用在手机等便携式移动电子产品中时会引起手机壳振的问题，造成用户体验效果不好；而手机空间尺寸有限，发声器件不能设计成现有技术中的带后腔的扬声器箱结构以克服该问题。
因此，实有必要提供一种新的发声器件解决上述技术问题。
 技术解决方案
本实用新型的目的在于提供一种结构简单、声学性能好、用户体验效果好的发声器件。
为了达到上述目的，本实用新型提供了一种发声器件，其包括壳体和固定收容于所述壳体内的发声单体，所述发声单体与所述壳体共同围成密闭的后声腔，所述发声单体包括盆架、分别支撑固定于所述盆架的振动系统和驱动所述振动系统振动发声的磁路系统，所述振动系统包括固定于所述盆架的振膜；所述壳体包括位于所述盆架远离所述振膜一侧且与所述发声单体间隔的后壳和由所述后壳的周缘向所述振膜方向延伸的侧壁，所述侧壁环绕所述盆架周侧；所述壳体的厚度小于所述盆架的厚度；
所述侧壁贴合于所述盆架，或所述侧壁与所述盆架的至少一侧设有间隔，且该间隔小于3倍所述壳体的厚度；
所述后壳、所述侧壁及所述发声单体共同围成所述后声腔，所述发声单体设有与所述后声腔连通的泄露部，所述壳体设有贯穿其上的泄露孔，所述泄漏孔将所述后声腔与外界连通。
优选的，所述壳体还包括贴设固定于所述盆架靠近所述振膜一侧的底座，所述底座设有贯穿其上的发声孔，所述发声孔与所述振膜连通，所述侧壁远离所述后壳的一端与所述底座连接并密封。
优选的，所述侧壁向其内侧延伸形成凸台，所述发声单体朝向所述后壳的一侧抵接于所述凸台并形成密封。
优选的，所述壳体包括沿垂直于所述振膜的振动方向分体设置于所述发声单体相对两侧的第一部分和第二部分，所述壳体由所述第一部分和所述第二部分拼接形成。
优选的，所述壳体的厚度与所述盆架的厚度比值小于0.4。
优选的，所述壳体为金属材料制成。
优选的，所述壳体至少部分接地。
优选的，所述发声器件还包括导电件，所述导电件的一端电连接于所述壳体，所述导电件的另一端用于接地。
优选的，所述导电件由所述壳体延伸形成。
优选的，所述发声器件还包括导电件，所述导电件包括两条电性通路，其中一条所述电性通路用于连接所述发声单体与外部电信号，另一条所述电性通道路用于连接所述壳体与地。
优选的，所述发声器件还包括至少两个定位片，所述至少两个定位片连接于所述壳体的相对两侧或两对角处，所述定位片远离所述壳体的一端设有贯穿其上的定位孔。
优选的，所述定位片由所述壳体向外延伸形成。
优选的，所述发声器件还包括导电端子，所述后壳还设有贯穿其上的接电孔，所述导电端子至少部分位于所述接电孔并外露于所述后壳，用于与外部电路电连接。
优选的，所述壳体采用0.15mm厚的钢片制成。
优选的，所述发声单体还包括盖设于所述盆架靠近所述振膜一侧并与所述振膜围成前声腔的前盖，所述前盖设有沿所述振膜的振动方向贯穿其上的通孔，所述通孔将所述前声腔与外界连接。
优选的，所述发声器件还包括盖设于所述盆架靠近所述振膜一侧并与所述振膜围成前声腔的前盖，所述前盖设有沿所述振膜的振动方向贯穿其上的通孔，所述通孔将所述前声腔与外界连接；所述底座压设固定于所述前盖的周缘远离所述振膜的一侧，所述前盖穿过所述发声孔并外露于所述底座。
优选的，所述发声器件还包括贴设于所述前盖的透气阻尼件，所述透气阻尼件完全覆盖所述通孔。
优选的，所述振膜固定于所述盆架的部分设有向靠近所述前盖方向凸出的呈环状的密封凸台，所述前盖压设于所述密封凸台形成密封。
优选的，所述振膜固定于所述盆架的部分设有向靠近所述底座方向凸出的呈环状的密封凸台，所述底座压设于所述密封凸台形成密封。
优选的，所述发声器件包括盖设于所述发声单体远离所述后壳一侧的导声壳，所述导声壳具有形成侧发声结构的导声腔，所述导声腔与所述振膜连通。
优选的，所述壳体与所述发声单体还围成形成侧发声结构的导声腔，所述导声腔与所述振膜连通。
优选的，所述发声器件还包括位于所述后声腔内的透气隔离件，所述透气隔离件贴设于所述发声单体并将所述发声单体从所述后声腔内分隔。
优选的，所述发声器件还包括位于所述后声腔内的透气隔离件，所述透气隔离件包括与所述后壳间隔相对设置的隔离件本体、由所述隔离件本体的周缘向所述后壳方向弯折延伸的隔离件延伸部以及由所述隔离件延伸部远离所述隔离件本体的一端弯折延伸的隔离件固定部；所述隔离件延伸部与所述侧壁间隔设置，所述隔离件固定部固定于所述后壳；所述透气隔离件与所述后壳共同围成灌粉空间。
优选的，所述隔离件本体靠近所述发声单体的一侧向远离所述发声单体方向凹陷形成避让台阶，所述避让台阶与所述泄露部正对设置。
优选的，所述发声单体沿所述振膜的振动方向向所述后壳的正投影与所述后壳的投影平面面积比至少为4/5。
优选的，所述间隔小于或等于所述振膜固定于所述盆架的固定面的宽度的1/3。
 有益效果
与相关技术相比，本实用新型的发声器件中，其包括壳体和固定收容于所述壳体内的发声单体，通过设计使所述发声单体与所述壳体共同围成密闭的后声腔，且使所述侧壁贴合于所述盆架，或所述侧壁与所述盆架的至少一侧设有间隔，且该间隔小于3倍所述壳体的厚度，所述后壳、所述侧壁及所述发声单体共同围成所述后声腔，所述壳体设有贯穿其上的泄露孔，所述泄漏孔将所述后声腔与外界连通，上述结构形成了密闭的后声腔结构，不仅结构简单、整体沿垂直于振动方向的水平尺寸增加小，且使得发声器件的声学效果更优，而且密闭的后声腔结构使得壳体可用于吸振，从而使得该发声器件运用于移动终端后避免了壳振现象的产生，使得用户体验效果更好。
 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本实用新型实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本实用新型的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图，其中：
图1为本实用新型发声器件的立体结构示意图；
图2为本实用新型发声器件的部分立体结构分解示意图；
图3为沿图1中A-A线的剖示图；
图4为图3中B所示部分放大图；
图5为图3衍生的通过凸台固定发声单体的另一实施方式结构示意图；
图6为本实用新型发声器件的增加导电件的实施方式的立体结构示意图；
图7为图6的另一种衍生实施方式的立体结构示意图；
图8为本实用新型发声器件的增加导电件的另一实施方式的立体结构示意图；
图9为图8的部分立体结构分解图；
图10为图3中衍生形成侧发声结构的实施方式的结构示意图；
图11为图1中壳体盖设发声单体的另一实施方式结构示意图；
图12为图11沿C-C线剖示图；
图13为本实用新型发声器件增加导电件的另一实施方式的立体结构分解示意图；
图14为图3所示发声器件增加透气隔离件的结构示意图；
图15为图14所示实施方式中透气隔离件的另一种实施方式结构的示意图；
图16为图15所示实施方式的衍生实施方式结构示意图；
图17为图1所示发声器件的振膜设置密封凸台的结构示意图；
图18为图1所示发声器件增加定位片的实施方式结构示意图；
图19为图18所示实施方式的衍生实施方式结构示意图。
 本发明的实施方式
下面将结合本实用新型实施例中的附图，对本实用新型实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅是本实用新型的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本实用新型中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例，都属于本实用新型保护的范围。
请同时参阅图1-4，本实用新型提供了一种发声器件100，其包括壳体1和固定收容于所述壳体1内的发声单体2，所述发声单体2与所述壳体1共同围成密闭的后声腔10。
所述发声单体2包括盆架21、振动系统22、磁路系统23以及泄露部24。
所述振动系统22和所述磁路系统23分别支撑固定于所述盆架21并共同围成发声内腔104，所述磁路系统23驱动所述振动系统22振动发声。
所述振动系统22包括固定于所述盆架21的振膜221，所述振膜221用于振动发声。
所述壳体1包括位于所述盆架21远离所述振膜221一侧且与所述发声单体2间隔的后壳11和由所述后壳11的周缘向所述振膜221方向延伸的侧壁12，且所述侧壁12环绕所述盆架21周侧设置，从而使得所述后11壳、所述侧壁12及所述发声单体2共同围成密闭的所述后声腔10，所述泄露部24与所述后声腔10连通，从而通过所述泄露部24将所述发声内腔104与所述后声腔10连通，用以改善低频声学性能。发声单体2靠近振膜221的一侧即为发声侧，直接与外界连通，形成正面发声结构。
所述壳体1设有贯穿其上的泄露孔103，所述泄漏孔103将所述后声腔10与外界连通，用于平衡声压。
需要说明的是，平板结构也属于本实用新型中所述的后壳11，平板结构及其周缘弯折延伸出延伸结构的共同组合也属于本实用新型中所述的后壳11。
本实施方式中，所述壳体1的厚度小于所述盆架21的厚度，该结构设计使得所述壳体1在满足结构强度的同时，在沿垂直于振膜221的振动方向所占用的体积更小，更利于在横向安装空间小的终端中运用。
具体的，所述侧壁12贴合于所述盆架21，从而使后声腔10形成密封。
或者，所述侧壁12与所述盆架21的至少一侧设有间隔102，且该间隔102小于3倍所述壳体1的厚度。该间隔102可使得发声单体2更快捷装配至壳体1中，提高装配效率，同时也不会更多占用发声器件100在垂直于所述振动方向所占用的横向空间。
另外，上述间隔102还可用以增加后声腔10的体积，进一步改善声学性能，本实施方式中，所述间隔102小于或等于所述振膜221固定于所述盆架21的固定面（胶合面）的宽度的1/3。
此时，所述侧壁12与盆架21可通过打胶形成密封所述后声腔10，也可以通过其它结构实现后声腔10的密封。
比如，本实施方式中，所述壳体1还包括贴设固定于所述盆架21靠近所述振膜221一侧的底座13，所述底座13设有贯穿其上的发声孔131，所述发声孔131与所述振膜221连通，用于发声，此时，所述侧壁12远离所述后壳11的一端与所述底座13连接并密封，从而实现后声腔10的密封。
再比如，结合图5所示，为图3衍生的通过凸台固定发声单体的另一实施方式结构示意图。本实施方式与图3所示实施方式的区别在于，本实施方式中的所述发声器件200中，壳体201不需要设置底座结构，而是所述侧壁2012向其内侧延伸形成凸台20121，所述发声单体202朝向所述后壳2011的一侧抵接于所述凸台20121并形成密封，从而实现后声腔2010的密封。
请继续结合图1-4所示，本实施方式中，具体的，所述底座13和所述后壳11沿所述振膜221的振动方向分别盖设于所述盆架21的相对两侧。所述壳体1厚度与所述盆架21的厚度比值小于0.4，从而在满足壳体1的结构强度的同时，尽可能小的增加发声器件100沿垂直于振动方向的尺寸；而且也使得盆架21的结构强度得到保障的同时尽可能少的占用空间体积。
至此，本实用新型的上述发声器件100则形成了封闭的后声腔结构，其结构简单，一方面改善了发声器件100的声学性能，特别是低频声学性能，另一方面因后声腔10结构的存在，壳体1形成吸振作用，使得所述发声器件100运用于移动终端等电子产品中后不会使移动终端等电子产品产生壳振现象，有效增加了客户的用户体验效果。
需要说明的是，本实用新型的发声器件100中，所述盆架21为用于支撑振动系统22和磁路系统23的组件，以形成一个发声单体结构。而所述壳体1则为将该发声单体2包裹以为该发声单体2在其外围形成一密封腔体的组件，即为发声单体2形成了如上所述的后声腔10，从而用以吸振。因此，壳体1的后壳11、侧壁12、底座13在本实施方式中并不属于盆架21的部分。
更优的，所述发声单体2还包括盖设于所述盆架21靠近所述振膜221一侧并与所述振膜221围成前声腔20的前盖3，所述前盖3设有沿所述振膜221的振动方向贯穿其上的通孔31，所述通孔31将所述前声腔20与外界连接。本实施方式中，所述前盖3属于发声单体2的一部分结构，即发声单体2自带前盖3。
或者，前盖3也可以不是发声单体2的一部分结构，而是发声器件100的一个部件，比如，所述发声器件100还包括盖设于所述盆架21靠近所述振膜221一侧并与所述振膜221围成前声腔20的所述前盖3。所述前盖3设有沿所述振膜221的振动方向贯穿其上的通孔31，所述通孔31将所述前声腔20与外界连接，该结构设置使改善了发声器件100的中频高频性能。此时，所述底座13压设固定于所述前盖3的周缘远离所述振膜221的一侧，所述前盖3穿过所述发声孔131并外露于所述底座13。
为了进一步改善发声器件100的中频高频性能，所述发声器件100还包括贴设于所述前盖3的透气阻尼件4，所述透气阻尼件4完全覆盖所述通孔31，一方面用于防异物进入前声腔20，另一方向可通过调节所述透气阻尼件4的阻尼以调节发声器件的中频高频性能。
本实施方式中，所述通孔31包括多个且呈阵列排布，用于改善发声稳定性和平衡性。
因振膜221固定于盆架21的部分（即胶合面）的面积较小，宽度较窄，其实现密封时的可靠性差。因此，本实施方式中，请结合图17所示，如图17a，在所述发声器件100中，所述振膜221固定于所述盆架21的部分设有向靠近所述前盖3方向凸出的呈环状的密封凸台2211。装配时，所述前盖3压设于所述密封凸台2211并通过压缩所述密封凸台2211形成密封，密封可靠性更优。或者，如图17b，在所述发声器件100’中，所述振膜221’固定于所述盆架21’的部分设有向靠近所述底座13方向凸出的呈环状的密封凸台2211’。装配时，所述底座13’压设于所述密封凸台2211’并通过压缩所述密封凸台2211’形成密封，密封可靠性更优。
请继续参图1-4，本实施方式中，所述壳体1可为金属、玻璃、陶瓷等材料制成。优选为壳体1为金属材料制成，如钢、铁、铜等。其可在满足结构强度的同时设计更薄，从而进一步减小发声器件100在沿垂直于振动方向的横向尺寸。
更优的，所述壳体1至少部分接地，从而可形成对发声单体2屏蔽作用，减小外部信号对发声单体2的干涉影响，提高可靠性。
所述后壳11与所述侧壁12，所述侧壁12与所述底座13通过焊接或打胶固定以形成密封。
本实施方式中，所述壳体1均用0.15mm厚的钢片制成。所述间隔102小于或等于所述振膜221固定于所述盆架21的固定面（胶合面）的宽度的1/3。
比如，所述侧壁13至所述盆架21之间的间距小于或等于0.05mm。所述壳体1的厚度为0.15mm。
该结构设置后，在保证壳体1的结构强度稳定性的情况下，所述发声器件100沿垂直于振动方向的单侧增加尺寸相对最小，单侧仅增加尺寸仅0.2mm，不影响期运用于便携式移动终端电子产品内。
本实施方式中，所述发声单体2沿所述振膜22的振动方向向所述后壳11的正投影与所述后壳11的投影平面面积比至少为4/5。该结构可使得发声器件100在其垂直于振动方向的尺寸尽可能小，满足形成后声腔10实现吸振、提高低频声学性能的同时，更便于安装于装配空间横向尺寸小的产品。更优的，所述发声器件100还包括位于所述后声腔10内的透气隔离件5透气隔离件，当所述后声腔10内填充吸音材料，如吸音颗粒时，所述透气隔离件5有效的防止了吸音颗粒进入磁路系统23和振动系统22之间的空间内，避免了发声失效的风险，提高了可靠性。
请结合图6所示图，为本实用新型发声器件的增加导电件的实施方式的立体结构示意图。所述发声器件300中，所述壳体301为金属材料制成，如钢、铁、铜等，比如，所述壳体301均用0.15mm厚的钢片制成。
壳体301通过金属材料制成可在同样结构强度的情况下，做到更薄，从而进一步减小发声器件300的沿垂直于振动方向的水平尺寸。其与图1所示实施方式的主要区别点在于：该实施方式中还包括设置导电件6。
具体的，所述发声器件300还包括导电件6，所述导电件6的一端连接于所述壳体301，所述导电件6的另一端用于接地，从而形成屏作用，使得发声单体300避免受外界电磁干扰，工作可靠性更好。
请结合图7，为图6的另一种衍生实施方式的立体结构示意图，即所述发声器件400中，所述导电件406与壳体401为一体结构，比如，所述导电件406由所述后壳4011向远离所述盆架的方向延伸形成，位于壳体401的外侧。
请结合图8所示，为本实用新型发声器件的增加导电件的另一实施方式的立体结构示意图。该实施方式与图6所示的实施方式区别在于，导电件的结构和功能不同。
具体的，所述发声器件500还包括导电件506，所述导电件506包括两条相互绝缘的电性通路，其中一条所述电性通路用于连接所述发声单体502与外部电信号，用于为发声单体502供电，另一条所述电性通道路用于连接所述壳体501与地，形成对发声单体502的屏蔽。本实施例中，导电件506则即用于与壳体501共同形成屏蔽作用，而且还用于为发声单体502供电，结构更简单且能实现双重功能。
比如导电件506为一FPC结构。具体如图8-9所示，所述导电件506包括贯穿所述侧壁5012的第一臂5061、由所述第一臂5061的相对两端向所述盆架5021方向延伸的第二臂5062、由所述第一壁5061向远离所述盆架5021方向延伸的第三臂5064以及由所述第一壁5061向远离所述盆架5021方向延伸的第四臂5064。
所述第一臂5061与所述壳体501电连接；所述第二臂5062固定于所述盆架5021并与发声单体502电连接，为发声单体502供电；所述第三臂5063用于连接外部电信号；所述第四臂5064用于接地。即第一臂5061和第四臂5064共同实现将所述壳体501与地连接，形成对发声单体502实现屏蔽的一条电性通路；所述第一臂5061、所述第二臂5062以及所述第三臂5063共同实现将发声单体502与外部电信号电连接，实现为发声单体502与外部电信号连通的另一条电性通路。
请结合图13所示，为本实用新型发声器件增加导电件的另一实施方式的立体结构分解示意图。其与图1所示实施方式的区别在于：所述发声器件600还包括导电端子607，所述导电端子固定于所述盆架6021并与发声单体602，所述后壳6011还设有贯穿其上的接电孔608，所述导电端子607至少部分位于所述接电孔608并外露于所述后壳6011，用于与外部电路电连接。从而形成发声器件600沿振动方向实现接电，避免了占用发声器件600的垂直于振动方向的横向空间，更利于运用于装配空间小的终端。
如图10所示，为在图3所示实施方式基础上衍生形成侧发声的实施方式的结构示意图。即将发声器件由正面发声形成侧面发声结构。
具体的，所述发声器件100包括盖设于所述发声单体2远离所述后壳11一侧的导声壳14，所述导声壳14具有形成侧发声结构140的导声腔101，所述导声腔101与所述振膜22连通。该侧发声结构140可更好的引导发声，便于正面发声被挡的情况下使用，使用灵活性更高。
比如，所述导声壳14及所述振膜22共同围成导声腔101。具体的，所述导声壳14包括与所述振膜22间隔相对的导声壳板141以及由所述导声壳板141的周缘向所述发声单体2延伸并支撑固定于所述发声单体2周缘的导声壳延伸壁142，所述导声壳延伸壁142贯穿所述导声壳延伸壁142设置，从而形成侧发声结构，便于安装位置不同的灵活运用。
需要说明的是，导声腔101与振膜22连通可以是直接连通，也可以是振膜22经前声腔20再声导声腔101连通，这是本领域技术人员容易理解的。此时，理解为导声壳14为发声器件100的一个器件，而不属于壳体1。
当将导声壳14理解为壳体1的一部分，这也是可行的，即所述导声壳14可以是壳体1的一部分，此时，则为所述壳体1与所述发声单体2还围成形成侧发声结构的导声腔101，所述导声腔101与所述振膜22连通。
请结合图11-12所示，其中，图11为图1中壳体盖设发声单体的另一实施方式结构示意图；图12为图11沿C-C线剖示图。本实用新型的发声器件700中，所述后壳7011、所述侧壁7012及所述底座7013的结合方式不限于图1所示实施方式中的沿所述振动方向盖设于发声单体702的相对两侧。还可以由发声单体702的周侧进行盖设，即垂直于振动方向盖设，其结构相同，区别仅在于壳体701的盖设方向。
即，所述壳体701包括沿垂直于所述振膜7022的振动方向分体设置于所述发声单体702相对两侧的第一部分7001和第二部分7002，所述壳体由所述第一部分7001和所述第二部分7002拼接形成。
本实施方式的壳体701的盖设方式中，先将第一部分7001沿垂直于振动方向盖设于发声单体702的其中一周侧，并使发声单体702设有振膜7022的一侧固定于第一部分7001，此时，发声单体702靠近振膜7022的一侧贴着底座7013插入，形成一导向作用，提高装配效率。同理，将第二部分7002再从相对另一侧盖设发声单体702时，发声单体702设有振膜7022的一侧贴着底座7013以形成对其导向作用，当第二部分7002抵接于第一部分7001后，将二者进行固定连接，如打胶或焊接等，从而形成二者的横向拼接。
请结合图14所示，为图3所示发声器件中增加透气隔离件的结构示意图。具体的，所述发声器件100还包括位于所述后声腔10内的透气隔离件7，所述透气隔离7件贴设于所述发声单体2并将所述发声单体2从所述后声腔10内分隔，当后声腔10中填充吸音颗粒时，透气隔离件则防止了吸音颗粒进入发声单体2内部而影响其声学性能，提高发声了可靠性。
请结合图15所示，图14所示实施方式中透气隔离件的具体结构的示意图。所述发声器件800还包括位于所述后声腔8010内的透气隔离件807，所述透气隔离件807包括与所述后壳8011间隔相对设置的隔离件本体8071、由所述隔离件本体8071的周缘向所述后壳8011方向弯折延伸的隔离件延伸部8072以及由所述隔离件延伸部8072远离所述隔离件本体8071的一端弯折延伸的隔离件固定部8073。
所述隔离件延伸部8072与所述侧壁8012间隔设置，所述隔离件固定部8073固定于所述后壳8011；所述透气隔离件807与所述后壳8011共同围成灌粉空间801。其中，所述隔离件延伸部8072与所述侧壁8012间隔设置的结构可有效增加后声腔8010的通气顺畅性，提高低频发声性能的稳定性。
请结合图16所示，为图15所示实施方式的衍生实施方式结构示意图。所述发声器件900中，所述隔离件本体9071靠近所述发声单体902的一侧向远离所述发声单体902方向凹陷形成避让台阶9074，所述避让台阶9074与所述泄露部9024正对设置。该结构设置可使发声单体902的发声内腔9104的泄露更顺畅，从而改善发声性能。
请结合图18所示，为图1所示发声器件增加定位片的实施方式结构示意图。所述发声器件1000还包括至少两个定位片8，所述至少两个定位片8分别与壳体1001连接。所述定位片8远离所述壳体1001的一端设有贯穿其上的定位孔81，用于将发声器件1000与运用终端整机固定定位，比如为螺纹孔，使用螺钉则可通过所述定位孔81固定在终端整机，简单方便，而定位片8设置至少两个可更有效的形成定位固定。为了进一步提高固定稳定性，所述至少两个定位片8连接于所述壳体1001的相对两侧或两对角处，对称设置使发声器件1000与终端整机定位固定效果更优。本实施方式中，定位片8通过焊接固定于壳体1001，即定位片8与壳体1001为两个器件的分体结构。当然，当壳体1001为金属材料制成时，定位片8也可用于同时接地，为壳体1001形成屏蔽。
请结合图19所示，为图18所示实施方式的衍生实施方式结构示意图。其与图18所示实施方式的区别在于，本实施方式中的发声器件1100中，所述定位片1118中由所述壳体1111向外延伸形成，即定位片1118与壳体1111为一体成型结构，成型简单，减少器件数量，提高装配效率。
与相关技术相比，本实用新型的发声器件中，其包括壳体和固定收容于所述壳体内的发声单体，通过设计使所述发声单体与所述壳体共同围成密闭的后声腔，且使所述侧壁贴合于所述盆架，或所述侧壁与所述盆架的至少一侧设有间隔，且该间隔小于3倍所述壳体的厚度，所述后壳、所述侧壁及所述发声单体共同围成所述后声腔，所述壳体设有贯穿其上的泄露孔，所述泄漏孔将所述后声腔与外界连通，上述结构形成了密闭的后声腔结构，不仅结构简单、整体沿垂直于振动方向的水平尺寸增加小，且使得发声器件的声学效果更优，而且密闭的后声腔结构使得壳体可用于吸振，从而使得该发声器件运用于移动终端后避免了壳振现象的产生，使得用户体验效果更好。
以上所述的仅是本实用新型的实施方式，在此应当指出，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本实用新型创造构思的前提下，还可以做出改进，但这些均属于本实用新型的保护范围。

Claims (26)

  1. 一种发声器件，其包括壳体和固定收容于所述壳体内的发声单体，所述发声单体与所述壳体共同围成密闭的后声腔，所述发声单体包括盆架、分别支撑固定于所述盆架的振动系统和驱动所述振动系统振动发声的磁路系统，所述振动系统包括固定于所述盆架的振膜，其特征在于，所述壳体包括位于所述盆架远离所述振膜一侧且与所述发声单体间隔的后壳和由所述后壳的周缘向所述振膜方向延伸的侧壁，所述侧壁环绕所述盆架周侧；所述壳体的厚度小于所述盆架的厚度；
    所述侧壁贴合于所述盆架，或所述侧壁与所述盆架的至少一侧设有间隔，且该间隔小于3倍所述壳体的厚度；
    所述后壳、所述侧壁及所述发声单体共同围成所述后声腔，所述发声单体设有与所述后声腔连通的泄露部，所述壳体设有贯穿其上的泄露孔，所述泄漏孔将所述后声腔与外界连通。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述壳体还包括贴设固定于所述盆架靠近所述振膜一侧的底座，所述底座设有贯穿其上的发声孔，所述发声孔与所述振膜连通，所述侧壁远离所述后壳的一端与所述底座连接并密封。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述侧壁向其内侧延伸形成凸台，所述发声单体朝向所述后壳的一侧抵接于所述凸台并形成密封。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述壳体包括沿垂直于所述振膜的振动方向分体设置于所述发声单体相对两侧的第一部分和第二部分，所述壳体由所述第一部分和所述第二部分拼接形成。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述壳体的厚度与所述盆架的厚度比值小于0.4。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述壳体为金属材料制成。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述壳体至少部分接地。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述发声器件还包括导电件，所述导电件的一端电连接于所述壳体，所述导电件的另一端用于接地。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述导电件由所述壳体延伸形成。
  10. 根据权利要求6所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述发声器件还包括导电件，所述导电件包括两条电性通路，其中一条所述电性通路用于连接所述发声单体与外部电信号，另一条所述电性通道路用于连接所述壳体与地。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述发声器件还包括至少两个定位片，所述至少两个定位片连接于所述壳体的相对两侧或两对角处，所述定位片远离所述壳体的一端设有贯穿其上的定位孔。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述定位片由所述壳体向外延伸形成。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述发声器件还包括导电端子，所述后壳还设有贯穿其上的接电孔，所述导电端子至少部分位于所述接电孔并外露于所述后壳，用于与外部电路电连接。
  14. 根据权利要求1所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述壳体采用0.15mm厚的钢片制成。
  15. 根据权利要求1所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述发声单体还包括盖设于所述盆架靠近所述振膜一侧并与所述振膜围成前声腔的前盖，所述前盖设有沿所述振膜的振动方向贯穿其上的通孔，所述通孔将所述前声腔与外界连接。
  16. 根据权利要求2所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述发声器件还包括盖设于所述盆架靠近所述振膜一侧并与所述振膜围成前声腔的前盖，所述前盖设有沿所述振膜的振动方向贯穿其上的通孔，所述通孔将所述前声腔与外界连接；所述底座压设固定于所述前盖的周缘远离所述振膜的一侧，所述前盖穿过所述发声孔并外露于所述底座。
  17. 根据权利要求15或16所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述发声器件还包括贴设于所述前盖的透气阻尼件，所述透气阻尼件完全覆盖所述通孔。
  18. 根据权利要求15或16所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述振膜固定于所述盆架的部分设有向靠近所述前盖方向凸出的呈环状的密封凸台，所述前盖压设于所述密封凸台形成密封。
  19. 根据权利要求2所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述振膜固定于所述盆架的部分设有向靠近所述底座方向凸出的呈环状的密封凸台，所述底座压设于所述密封凸台形成密封。
  20. 根据权利要求1所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述发声器件包括盖设于所述发声单体远离所述后壳一侧的导声壳，所述导声壳具有形成侧发声结构的导声腔，所述导声腔与所述振膜连通。
  21. 根据权利要求1所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述壳体与所述发声单体还围成形成侧发声结构的导声腔，所述导声腔与所述振膜连通。
  22. 根据权利要求1所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述发声器件还包括位于所述后声腔内的透气隔离件，所述透气隔离件贴设于所述发声单体并将所述发声单体从所述后声腔内分隔。
  23. 根据权利要求1所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述发声器件还包括位于所述后声腔内的透气隔离件，所述透气隔离件包括与所述后壳间隔相对设置的隔离件本体、由所述隔离件本体的周缘向所述后壳方向弯折延伸的隔离件延伸部以及由所述隔离件延伸部远离所述隔离件本体的一端弯折延伸的隔离件固定部；所述隔离件延伸部与所述侧壁间隔设置，所述隔离件固定部固定于所述后壳；所述透气隔离件与所述后壳共同围成灌粉空间。
  24. 根据权利要求23所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述隔离件本体靠近所述发声单体的一侧向远离所述发声单体方向凹陷形成避让台阶，所述避让台阶与所述泄露部正对设置。
  25. 根据权利要求1所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述发声单体沿所述振膜的振动方向向所述后壳的正投影与所述后壳的投影平面面积比至少为4/5。
  26. 根据权利要求1所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述间隔小于或等于所述振膜固定于所述盆架的固定面的宽度的1/3。
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