WO2021234726A1 - Système et procédé pour préparer un autre combustible sec à partir de déchets dangereux pour une utilisation dans l'industrie du ciment - Google Patents

Système et procédé pour préparer un autre combustible sec à partir de déchets dangereux pour une utilisation dans l'industrie du ciment Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021234726A1
WO2021234726A1 PCT/IN2021/050454 IN2021050454W WO2021234726A1 WO 2021234726 A1 WO2021234726 A1 WO 2021234726A1 IN 2021050454 W IN2021050454 W IN 2021050454W WO 2021234726 A1 WO2021234726 A1 WO 2021234726A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
waste materials
hazardous waste
hazardous
blend
mixer unit
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PCT/IN2021/050454
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English (en)
Inventor
Girish R Luthra
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Girish R Luthra
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Application filed by Girish R Luthra filed Critical Girish R Luthra
Publication of WO2021234726A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021234726A1/fr

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/48—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on industrial residues and waste materials

Definitions

  • TITLE A SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR PREPARING ALTERNATE DRY FUEL FROM HAZARDOUS WASTE FOR USE IN CEMENT INDUSTRY
  • the present invention relates to the field of environment management, and more particularly, the present invention relates to hazardous waste management. More specifically, the present invention discloses a system and a method for preparing alternate dry fuel for use in cement industry from one or more hazardous waste materials.
  • the alternate dry fuel obtained herein can also be employed for other uses wherein uniform characteristics of the feedstock are required, for example, as in an incineration unit.
  • waste mix means that it is a mixture or blend of more than one waste and/or hazardous materials.
  • ADF Alternate Dry Fuel
  • Non-Fossil Fuel that is suitable to be used as Fuel Feed in cement industry.
  • the alternate dry fuel can be used in pre-firing stage, and/or in kiln stage or main firing stage.
  • the “waste mix” might contain certain amount of non-hazardous materials. Accordingly, the “waste mix” or “mixing of hazardous waste materials” should not be strictly interpreted in the literal sense and must accordingly be interpreted to allow for mixing necessary non-hazardous materials too.
  • waste herein includes materials which are by-products or wastes obtained from various industries.
  • hazardous herein includes materials which are or may be hazardous to environment, plants, animals, or humans.
  • Industrial hazardous waste management has substantially developed over a period of time.
  • the industrial hazardous waste management in the contemporary world emphasises on economical recycling of all types of waste and more prominently hazardous wastes to ensure reduction in environmental pollution.
  • One way to safely dispose such industrial hazardous wastes is to employ them as a useful material in some other industry.
  • cement industry have been fuelled by such industrial hazardous wastes, wherein the industrial hazardous wastes are destroyed and the calorific value in such industrial hazardous wastes is utilized for cement manufacturing.
  • Employing the industrial hazardous wastes affords multiple benefits which includes saving of fossil-fuel and hence saving the environment from perils of burning of the fossil- fuel, and at the same time reducing the spending of resources in treating the industrial hazardous wastes.
  • the industrial hazardous wastes were disposed by employing methods such incineration or land-filling.
  • the industrial hazardous wastes are being employed as an alternate to fuel, but the amount of the industrial hazardous waste used is only a small percentage of the huge amounts of the industrial hazardous waste that is being generated worldwide. This major percentage of the industrial hazardous waste is still being disposed by employing the conventional methods such as incineration or land-filling.
  • Calorific Value is a critical and significant parameter. It is the parameter which is required to decide the acceptability of the “alternate dry fuel” under consideration for replacing the fossil fuel in cement industry. If the calorific value of the “alternate dry fuel” is within a desired range, it is easy to substitute fossil fuel with the “alternate dry fuel”.
  • Flash Point is the lowest temperature at which a material can ignite in air near the surface of the material. The lower the flash point, the easier it is to ignite the material. The flash point is an important parameter for the safe handling of the alternate dry fuel (ADF). If the flash point is too low, then the safety in handling the ADF is compromised. To keep the Flash Point within the required range, the final blend of the ADF has to be adjusted by selecting an appropriate recipe of the input material.
  • the maximum acceptable particle size of the alternate dry fuel is decided by the cement industry depending on many parameters viz. the point of feeding of the fuel (pre-calciners, direct kiln feeding injecting with pulverized coal etc.), type of feeding mechanism (belt conveyors, bucket elevators, drag chain conveyors etc.) etc. It varies from particular factory to factory.
  • Chloride This parameter of ADF is important to be maintained as per the requirement. Otherwise, it leads to coating in the cement kilns hampering the long-term operation of the kilns.
  • the range is decided by a particular cement factory considering the chloride content in the raw material for cement production. It may vary for different cement factories, depending on the raw material characteristics.
  • S% Sulphur content: This parameter of ADF is also important in order to limit the losses. If the sulphur content is more then there might be more losses in the yield of the final product.
  • PCB/PCT These parameters of Poly Chlorinated Biphenyles and Poly Chlorinated Tetrachlorides are limited by the cement industries in order to meet their stack emissions within the prescribed norms limits.
  • the pH, heavy metals, sediments, free solids, and ash content, etc. are also important parameters of any ADF and they have to be maintained in a predetermined range.
  • the industrial hazardous waste materials as alternative fuel to the fossil fuel.
  • the industrial hazardous wastes as obtained from various industries are too hazardous for environment and humans also. It is therefore desired to minimize the direct contact or handling of such industrial hazardous wastes.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an alternative, which overcomes at least one drawback encountered in the existing prior art
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a system for preparing an alternate dry fuel for use in cement industry from one or more hazardous waste materials;
  • Still another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing an alternate dry fuel for use in cement industry from one or more hazardous waste materials;
  • Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a system and a method for preparing an alternate dry fuel for use in cement industry from one or more hazardous waste materials which reduces human intervention and hence reduces risks of handling the hazardous waste materials;
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a system and a method for preparing an alternate dry fuel for use in cement industry from one or more hazardous waste materials which eliminates the exposure of the operators to the toxic gases and fumes and also provides uniform and homogeneous blending continuously.
  • Other objects and benefits of the present invention will be more apparent from the following description which is not intended to bind the scope of the present invention.
  • the present invention discloses a system and method for preparing alternate dry fuel for use in cement industry from one or more hazardous waste materials.
  • a system for preparing an alternate dry fuel for use in cement industry from one or more hazardous waste materials comprises a feeding apparatus, the feeding apparatus being configured to receive the one or more hazardous waste materials, and feed the one or more hazardous waste materials to a mixer or mixing unit in appropriate proportions.
  • the mixer or the mixing unit is configured to receive the one or more hazardous waste materials therein from the feeding apparatus, and crush, blend, and homogenize the one or more hazardous waste materials to obtain a blend thereof.
  • the system of the present invention further includes a screening and discharging apparatuses, the screening and discharging apparatuses are configured to receive the blend from the mixer unit, screen the blend to obtain a final blend, and discharge the final blend for packaging.
  • a safety unit is provided operatively disposed within the system, the safety unit comprises a hazardous fluid detecting and treating apparatus which is configured to detect one or more hazardous fluids emanating from at least one of the one or more hazardous waste materials, the blend, the discharged blend, or the final blend, and treat one or more hazardous fluids before exhausting to environment.
  • the safety unit further includes fire detection and extinguishing apparatus, which is configured to detect fire in and around the mixer unit, and extinguish fire.
  • the system further includes at least one processor.
  • the processor is connected to and in data communication with each of the feeding apparatus, the mixer unit, the screening and discharging apparatus, the safety unit, and at least one power supply.
  • the system of the present invention also includes the at least one power supply which powers one or more of the feeding apparatus, the mixer unit, the screening and discharging apparatus, the safety unit, and the processor.
  • the one or more hazardous waste materials are selected from the group consisting of pharmaceutical industry waste, chemical industry waste, biomedical industry waste, medical waste and any combinations thereof, but is not limited to these. Some non-hazardous materials are also added for proper adsorption of the blend and for achieving desired parameters of the final blend.
  • a method for preparing an alternate dry fuel for use in cement industry from one or more hazardous waste materials comprises the following steps.
  • One or more hazardous waste materials are provided which are safely stored in sealed receptacles.
  • the receptacles are then unsealed to access the one or more hazardous waste materials stored therein.
  • This is followed by feeding the one or more hazardous waste materials to a mixer unit, wherein the mixer unit receives the one or more hazardous waste materials.
  • the one or more hazardous waste materials are crushed, blended, and homogenised to obtain a blend thereof. Any hazardous fluids which emanate from the one or more hazardous waste materials is/are exhausted to a hazardous fluid detecting and treating apparatus, wherein the hazardous fluids are treated before exhausting the hazardous fluids to atmosphere.
  • the blend of the hazardous waste materials so obtained is then screened employing a screening apparatus, wherein the screening apparatus includes a plurality of separators which are configured to receive the blend from the mixer unit, and selectively separate materials of the blend into desired sized lumps (size ranging from 5 to 25 mm depending on the requirement of the particular cement factory) having desired properties and direct the final blend of desired sized material to a packaging unit, and the bigger lumps back to the mixer unit.
  • the screening apparatus includes a plurality of separators which are configured to receive the blend from the mixer unit, and selectively separate materials of the blend into desired sized lumps (size ranging from 5 to 25 mm depending on the requirement of the particular cement factory) having desired properties and direct the final blend of desired sized material to a packaging unit, and the bigger lumps back to the mixer unit.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of a system for preparing an alternate dry fuel for use in cement industry from one or more industrial hazardous waste material in accordance with the embodiments of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a schematic diagram of a side view of a system for preparing an alternate dry fuel for use in cement industry from one or more industrial hazardous waste materials in accordance with the embodiments of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a schematic diagram of a platform, an enclosed space, and conveyor belts which forms a part of a system for preparing an alternate dry fuel for use in cement industry from one or more industrial hazardous waste materials in accordance with the embodiments of the present invention
  • FIG. 4a illustrates a schematic diagram of a top view of a compactor, pusher, and hopper assembly which forms a part of a system for preparing an alternate dry fuel for use in cement industry from one or more industrial hazardous waste materials in accordance with the embodiments of the present invention
  • FIG. 4b illustrates a schematic diagram of a side view of a compactor, pusher, and hopper assembly which forms a part of a system for preparing an alternate dry fuel for use in cement industry from one or more industrial hazardous waste materials in accordance with the embodiments of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 illustrates a schematic diagram of a top view of a receptacle and a blending arm operatively disposed in proximity of the receptacle in accordance with the embodiments of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 illustrates a schematic diagram of an operator control and surveillance cabin for housing one or more operators therein;
  • FIG. 7 illustrates a block diagram of the system of the present invention, wherein the processor cooperates with each of the feeding apparatus, the mixer unit, the screening and discharging apparatus, and the safety unit via suitable circuits, and the power supply provides power to each of the above-mentioned components.
  • the processor cooperates with each of the feeding apparatus, the mixer unit, the screening and discharging apparatus, and the safety unit via suitable circuits, and the power supply provides power to each of the above-mentioned components.
  • the present invention discloses a system and a method for preparing alternate dry fuel for use in cement industry from one or more hazardous waste materials, wherein the system and the method overcomes one or more drawbacks of the prior art.
  • the alternate dry fuel produced from the system and method disclosed herein can be employed at various stages in a typical cement factory.
  • the alternate dry fuel can be used in the pre-firing stage, and also in the main kiln stage.
  • the use of the alternate dry fuel is not limited to these examples.
  • a person having ordinary skill in the art may find the alternate dry fuel useful in other applications, other than cement industry, as well. So, all such applications are also considered to be within the ambit of the present invention.
  • a proper mixing receptacle wherein the receptacle is designed such that the mixing area wherein the operations such as the charging, and mixing of the hazardous waste materials are performed, human intervention is reduced or eliminated altogether.
  • the system of the present invention is designed such that the operators which operate the mixing/blending operation and the final bagging or packaging operation do not come in direct contact with the hazardous waste material or with the toxic gases or fumes emanating there from. To achieve such a system, all the operations are substantially automated, and the working areas of the operator are substantially isolated.
  • a system (100) for preparing an alternate dry fuel for use in cement industry from one or more industrial hazardous waste materials is disclosed.
  • the system (100) includes a feeding apparatus (200).
  • the feeding apparatus (200) is configured to receive the one or more industrial hazardous waste materials, and feed the one or more hazardous waste materials to a mixer or mixer unit (300) in appropriate proportions.
  • the industrial hazardous waste materials can be in any form selected from the group consisting of solid, semi-solid, liquid, viscous- liquid, slurry, and any combinations thereof.
  • the appropriate proportions in which the one or more hazardous waste materials are blended is based on laboratory scale trials. In the laboratory scale trials, small amounts of the one or more hazardous waste materials are tested, and blended in various proportions and the relevant properties of the blend are checked. Once the proportions are fixed, the same are then extrapolated to a large-scale production.
  • the feeding apparatus (200) includes a platform (202), which is operatively horizontally disposed, and is configured to receive one or more receptacles (204) containing the one or more hazardous waste materials.
  • the platform (202) is in form of a raised table as shown in FIG. 3. In other words, the platform (202) is raised to a height with respect to the ground level.
  • the platform (202) can be made of any suitable material which is resistant to corrosion and is capable of withstanding heavy weights (it could even be a concrete structure).
  • the platform (202) is configured to empty the one or more receptacles (204) containing the one or more hazardous waste materials which are placed on it.
  • the platform (202) can be tilted to facilitate easy disposal of the one or more hazardous waste materials placed over it to the next stage.
  • the receptacles are in one embodiment, the containers which hold or store the hazardous waste materials in a sealed manner.
  • a cutting mechanism (206) is operatively disposed in proximity of the platform (202), the cutting mechanism (206) is configured to cut an operative upper lid (204a) of the one or more receptacles (204), which facilitates in accessing the one or more hazardous waste materials enclosed therein.
  • the cutting mechanism (206) can be automated, manual, or semi- automated.
  • a plurality of feeding hoppers (208) is operatively disposed.
  • the plurality of feeding hoppers (208) is disposed operatively below the platform (202).
  • the plurality of feeding hoppers (208) is configured to receive the one or more hazardous waste materials from the one or more receptacles (204), when the lids thereof are opened using the cutting mechanism (206).
  • the one or more receptacles (204) can be emptied by titling the platform (202), wherein the tilting facilitates and directs the hazardous waste material into the plurality of feeding hoppers (208).
  • the receptacles (204) can be tiled manually also.
  • the plurality of feeding hoppers (208) can be gravity operated or otherwise.
  • conveyor belts can also be employed to charge the feeding hoppers or the mixer unit (300) with the hazardous waste materials.
  • the present invention is not limited to these ways of transferring or charging the hazardous waste materials and any other devices or apparatus or methods are well within the ambit of the present invention.
  • the one or more hazardous waste materials are then transferred to a plurality of compactors (210). More specifically, the plurality of compactors (210) is operatively disposed at exit ends (208a) of the plurality of feeding hoppers (208). The plurality of compactors (210) is configured to compact the one or more hazardous waste materials received from the plurality of feeding hoppers (208). In particular, it may be the case that the one or more hazardous waste materials is voluminous and occupies huge space. The plurality of compactors (210) reduces the volume of the high volume one or more hazardous waste materials.
  • a plurality of pushers (212) is operatively disposed at and around the plurality of compactors (210).
  • the plurality of pushers (212) is configured to push the one or more hazardous waste materials from the plurality of compactors (210) into the mixer unit (300).
  • the plurality of pushers (212) can be non-hydraulic type pushers (212).
  • the mixer unit (300) which is configured to receive the one or more hazardous waste materials therein from the feeding apparatus (200) or more specifically from the plurality of compactors (210), crushes, blends, and homogenizes the one or more hazardous waste materials to obtain a blend thereof.
  • the mixer unit (300) comprises a cover (304), the cover (304) being operatively disposed over a receptacle (302), enclosing the receptacle (302) and defining an enclosed space (306) between the receptacle (302) and the cover (304).
  • the receptacle (302) is configured to receive the one or more hazardous waste materials from the plurality of compactors (210).
  • the enclosed space (306) so defined is leak proof so that whatever gases or fumes or “waste material fluids” that are generated are contained within the enclosed space (306).
  • a blending arm (308) is operatively disposed in proximity of the receptacle (302).
  • the blending arm (308) is configured to blend the one or more hazardous waste materials received within the receptacle (302).
  • the cover (304) is built of cement-concrete.
  • the cover (304) which is made of cement-concrete is designed and built to withstand any explosions that may occur due to the hazardous nature of the materials being handled in the receptacle (302).
  • the receptacle (302) is a pit that is formed under the ground. In another embodiment, the receptacle (302) is a pit that is formed over or above the ground. In yet another embodiment, the receptacle (302) is a pit that is formed partly above, and partly under the ground.
  • the blending arm (308) is secured to a post (308d). This facilitates the blending arm (308) to reach in almost all areas within the receptacle (302) and at the same time achieve maximum efficiency of mixing or blending the hazardous waste material.
  • the blending arm (308) includes a backhoe.
  • the blending arm (308) is the component which actually blends or mixes the hazardous waste material received in the receptacle (302).
  • the backhoe having a parent arm (308a) defined by one or more child-arms (308al), wherein the one or more child arms (308al) are pivotably connected to each other.
  • the number of child arms (308al) is two. In another embodiment, the number of child arms (308al) is three. The number of child arms (308al) can be more than two also and depends on the application.
  • an operative first end (308al2) of the parent arm (308a) is operatively secured to the post (308d).
  • the post (308d) extends in an operatively upward direction from a foundation block (308c).
  • the post (308d) can be made up of a material such as stainless steel, wherein the material is resistant to corrosion of the fumes or the hazardous waste fluids that are generated during the blending of the hazardous waste materials within the mixer unit (300).
  • An operative second end (308a22) of the parent arm (308a) is operatively connected to a bucket (308b).
  • the parent arm (308a) is configured to blend the one or more hazardous waste materials received within the receptacle (302) and further discharge the blend, which being received by a discharging apparatus (400).
  • the blending arm (308) having the parent arm (308a) and the bucket (308b) in a manner not only blends but at the same time also crushes and/or beats the hazardous waste materials thereby reducing or eliminating any lumps or the like.
  • the receptacle (302) is having a volumetric area in the range of 30 m 2 to 100 m 2 .
  • the shape of the receptacle (302) is designed such that the blending arm (308) or the bucket (308b) has maximum reach within the receptacle (302).
  • the shape of the receptacle (302) is selected from the group consisting of oval, round, semi circle, square, rectangle and any combinations thereof.
  • the receptacle (302) has a semi-oval shape (302a), the semi-oval shape being characterized by an arc having a measure of 120 degrees. The arc facilitates in substantially uniform and complete mixing of the one or more hazardous waste materials received therein.
  • the side walls (302b) of the receptacle (302) are having substantially arcuate shape with center (302d) of curvature at and around a geometric center (302c) of the receptacle (302).
  • the radius of curvature of the receptacle is in the range of 2 m (meters) to 4 m, and the height is in the range of 2 m to 4 m. The radius and height are designed so as to accommodate a given batch size and also based on the design and reach of the blending arm (308).
  • the hazardous waste materials are mixed or blended with at least one additive.
  • the additives are preferably stored in silos (S) in and around the receptacle (302).
  • the silos (S) in one embodiment, have pneumatic conveying mechanism operatively disposed therewith.
  • the system (100) further includes an operator control and surveillance cabin (310).
  • the operator control and surveillance cabin (310) is, in an embodiment, operatively disposed within the cover (304) or within the enclosed space (306). In another embodiment, the operator control and surveillance cabin (310) is operatively disposed outside of the enclosed space (306).
  • the operator control and surveillance cabin (310), in accordance with the present invention is configured to provide safe working place for one or more operators, and further facilitate easy and clear view of the mixer unit (300) or the enclosed space (306) wherein the blending of the one or more hazardous waste materials is being carried out with the help of the blending arm (308).
  • the controls relating to the mixer unit (300), and/or the blending arm (308) are operatively disposed within the operator control and surveillance cabin (310) for easy operation and control of the mixer unit (300) and/or the blending arm (308) by the operator(s).
  • the operator control and surveillance cabin (310) can house all other panels and controls therewith and is not limited to the above-mentioned controls only.
  • the operator control and surveillance cabin (310) is made of a material which can withstand even situations such as an explosion, thus saving lives of the operators housed therein.
  • the operator control and surveillance cabin (310) is connected to and in fluid communication with a source of fresh air to facilitate supply of fresh air to the operator(s) housed there within.
  • the source of fresh air can be through an air conditioning system, which is capable of controlling not only the flow of air into and out of the operator control and surveillance cabin (310), but also, the temperature, humidity, and other parameters.
  • the operator control and surveillance cabin (310) includes substantially transparent and fluid proof walls (310a).
  • the substantially transparent walls and fluid proof walls (310a) facilitate the operator in observing the operations of the blending arm (308) from within the operator control and surveillance cabin (310) and at the same time protect the operator from the one or more hazardous fluids emanating from at least one of the one or more hazardous waste materials.
  • the fluid proof walls (310a) are provided with a plurality of wipers (310b) operatively disposed thereon to wipe dust settling on a surface (310al) of the fluid proof walls (310a), which faces the receptacle (302).
  • the blend is in the form of dry powder or dry lumpy material.
  • the input hazardous waste material may be in any form which is selected from the group consisting of solid, lumpy, liquid, semi solid, viscous liquid or slurry
  • the output material that is the blend is in the form of a substantially dry material of the desired size.
  • particle size of the final blend is also taken into consideration and is of importance for the alternate dry fuel. To achieve this desired particle size or materials of the final blend within a desired size range, screening of the blend is performed.
  • the screening apparatus (402) includes a plurality of separators (402a) which is operatively disposed in proximity of the mixer unit (300) and is configured to receive the blend from the mixer unit (300), and selectively separate lumps & particles of the blend into a final blend having desired size and coarser/bigger lumps and direct the final blend to the next stage and coarser lumps back to the mixer unit (300).
  • the plurality of separators (402a) is at least one selected from the group consisting of a vibro- screen, a rotating screen (trommel) and any combinations thereof.
  • the discharging apparatus (404) includes a plurality of conveyors (402b) that is operatively disposed in proximity of the plurality of separators (402a).
  • the plurality of conveyors (402b) is configured to receive the final blend.
  • the plurality of conveyors (402b) being conveyor belts. Though, herein the example of desired size particles and coarser particles is explained, the present invention is not limited to these.
  • the plurality of separators (402a) can be configured to separate particles of the blend having particle size in any desired range.
  • the system (100) includes a packaging unit (406).
  • the packaging unit (406) is configured to receive the final blend from the conveyors (402b) and package them into bags of predetermined weights.
  • the packaging unit (406) can be any known packaging unit.
  • the system (100) of the present invention includes a safety unit (500).
  • the safety unit (500) includes a hazardous fluid detecting and treating apparatus (502).
  • the hazardous fluid detecting and treating apparatus (502) is configured to detect one or more hazardous fluids emanating from at least one of the one or more hazardous waste materials, the blend, the discharged blend, and the final blend. Further, the hazardous fluid detecting and treating apparatus (502) is configured to treat the one or more hazardous fluids before exhausting to the same to the environment.
  • the safety unit (500) further includes a fire detection and extinguishing apparatus (504).
  • the fire detection and extinguishing apparatus (504) is configured to detect and extinguish fire in and around the mixer unit (300).
  • an alarm may be associated with fire detection and extinguishing apparatus (504).
  • the alarm can be in any form, for example, in the form of an audio signal, or a visual signal or both.
  • the hazardous fluid detecting and treating apparatus (502) includes one or more sensors (502a) operatively disposed within the enclosed space (306), the one or more sensors (502a) being configured to detect and measure the amounts of one or more hazardous fluids emanating from the one or more hazardous waste materials from within the enclosed space (306).
  • the hazardous fluid detecting and treating apparatus (502) includes a fluid exhaust unit (502b) which is operatively connected to and in fluid communication with the mixer unit (300), to collect, remove and exhaust the one or more hazardous fluids from within the enclosed space (306).
  • the fluid exhaust unit (502b) includes at least one induced draft fan (502b 1) connected to and in fluid communication with the enclosed space (306).
  • the at least one induced draft fan (502bl) is configured to exhaust the one or more hazardous fluids from within the enclosed space (306).
  • the at least one induced draft fan (502b 1) is connected to and in fluid communication with the enclosed space (306) via a conduit network (502b2).
  • an activated carbon filter (502b3) is operatively disposed on an exhaust end of the at least one induced draft fan (502bl).
  • the activated carbon filter (502b3) is configured to selectively absorb the one or more hazardous fluids before being exhausted to atmosphere.
  • a stack (502b4) is provided, wherein the stack (502b4) is connected to and in fluid communication with the activated carbon filter (502b3), to exhaust the filtered one or more hazardous fluids to atmosphere.
  • a gas analyzer is provided, wherein the gas analyzer is operatively disposed in proximity of an exhaust end of the stack (502b4) to monitor the hazardous fluid contents in the gases being discharged into the atmosphere therethrough.
  • the fire detection and extinguishing apparatus (504), in accordance with the present invention includes one or more sensors (504a).
  • the one or more sensors (504a) are heat sensors or thermal sensors or temperature sensors and are operatively disposed within said enclosed space (306) or over said cover (304) and are configured to detect fire.
  • the one or more fire extinguishing devices (504b) provided are operatively disposed within the mixer unit (300) or over the cover (304) to extinguish fire there within, which is detected by the one or more sensors (504a).
  • the one or more fire extinguishing devices (504b) can include a high expansion foam generator, which is configured to dispense foam on to a fire, upon receiving signals from the one or more sensors (504a), which being temperature sensors.
  • the one or more fire extinguishing devices (504b) can further include a plurality of sprinklers (504b2), which are in particular water and/or foam sprinklers.
  • the plurality of sprinklers (504b2) is connected to and in fluid communication with the high expansion foam generator.
  • the plurality of sprinklers (504b2) is configured to sprinkle/dispense foam/water over a predetermined area which may be affected by fire.
  • the water tank (504b3) supplies water to the one or more fire extinguishing devices (504b) via the fire hydrant (504b4).
  • the system (100) is substantially automated requiring minimal human intervention.
  • the system (100) includes at least one processor (600).
  • the at least one processor (600) is connected to and in data communication with each of the feeding apparatus (200), the mixer unit (300), the screening and discharging apparatus (400), the safety unit (500), and at least one power supply (700).
  • the processor (600) can be any type of processor, which can be connected to each of the above-mentioned devices via suitable interfacing circuits.
  • At least one power supply (700) is provided wherein the at least one power supply (700) is configured to power one or more of the feeding apparatus (200), the mixer unit (300), the screening and discharging apparatus (400), the safety unit (500), and the processor (600).
  • the at least one processor (600), and the at least one power supply (700) can be suitably disposed in a panel (which may also be referred to as control panel). Further, the panel may include various switches, levers, relays and fuses, etc., which are employed to control whole of the system (100).
  • the system (100) can be controlled by employing a programming logic controller (PLC), and/or remote telemetry units (RTU) and/or Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) system.
  • PLC programming logic controller
  • RTU remote telemetry units
  • SCADA Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition
  • Any other industrial control system is also envisaged to be within the ambit of the present invention and the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned industrial control systems.
  • the system (100) may further include a pulveriser to pulverise the one or more hazardous waste materials, and a dryer for drying the pulverized hazardous waste materials.
  • the pulveriser and the dryer are disposed separately, and are configured to pulverise and dry the one or more hazardous waste materials before being introduced into the plurality of feeding hoppers (208) and/or the receptacle (302).
  • the one or more hazardous waste materials are selected from the group consisting of pharmaceutical industry waste, chemical industry waste, petrochemical industry waste, fertilizer industry waste, paint industry waste, leather industry and any combinations thereof, but is not limited to these examples.
  • one or more additives can be added to the blend for proper binding and adsorption of the hazardous waste materials.
  • a method for preparing an alternate dry fuel for use in cement industry from one or more hazardous waste materials comprises the following steps.
  • the one or more hazardous waste materials are provided, which being safely stored in the one or more receptacles (204).
  • the one or more hazardous waste materials stored within the one or more receptacles (204) are received on to a feeding apparatus (200).
  • the one or more receptacles or containers (204) are opened to access the one or more hazardous waste materials stored therein.
  • the one or more hazardous waste materials are fed into a mixer unit (300) or more particularly into the receptacle (302) and the one or more hazardous waste materials are crushed, blended, and homogenised to obtain a blend thereof.
  • Any hazardous fluids, which are generated, are exhausted from the mixer unit (300) or the enclosed space (306) by a hazardous fluid detecting and treating apparatus (502), wherein the hazardous fluids are treated before exhausting to atmosphere.
  • the blend so obtained is then screened by employing a screening apparatus (402), wherein the screening apparatus includes a plurality of separators (402a) which are configured to receive the blend from the mixer unit (300), and selectively separate particle/lump size of the blend into desired size range having desired properties.
  • a final blend having desired particle/lump size is directed to a packaging unit (406), whereas the remaining blend having bigger lumps is directed back to the mixer unit (300).
  • the final blend so obtained is then packaged in bags with predetermined weights.
  • a step of quality check can be performed before the step of packaging the final product to ensure that the final blend has the desired properties.
  • the hazardous waste fluids include any gases which may be toxic or non-toxic, fumigation gases, volatile organic compounds and dust, or any other fluids that may be detrimental to human life or environment.
  • the present invention has been substantially described with reference to substantially solid or semi-solid hazardous waste materials derived from industry, it is to be noted that the present invention (the system and the method) may and can be equally implemented for hazardous waste materials which may be in the form of semi-solids, viscous liquids, slurry, and any combinations thereof.
  • system and method of the present invention though have been described for preparing alternate dry fuel that can be used in cement industry, it is to be noted that the system and method as disclosed herein can be equally employed for handling, treating, mixing, blending of any hazardous materials which may not be wastes but may be any useful raw materials in other industries, for example, ceramic industry, refractory industry, and the like, and further is not limited to these.
  • the alternate dry fuel composition and the hazardous waste materials from which the alternate dry fuel is derived can be tailored to specific requirements depending upon the type of application or use.
  • the presently disclosed system and method for preparing an alternate dry fuel for use in cement industry from the hazardous waste materials obtained from industry, as described herein above, provides several technical advances and advantages including, but not limited to a system and a method, which: are operator friendly; - are safe for both the operator and environment; reduce and/or substantially eliminate human intervention; substantially automate the steps of hazardous waste material storage, feeding, and blending, screening, discharging and packing ; reduce and/or eliminate exposure of the operator to the toxic fumes and hazardous environment; provide more production per period.
  • a system and a method which: are operator friendly; - are safe for both the operator and environment; reduce and/or substantially eliminate human intervention; substantially automate the steps of hazardous waste material storage, feeding, and blending, screening, discharging and packing ; reduce and/or eliminate exposure of the operator to the toxic fumes and hazardous environment; provide more production per period.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système et un procédé pour préparer un autre combustible sec destiné à être utilisé dans l'industrie du ciment à partir de déchets dangereux. Le système (100) de la présente invention comprend un appareil d'alimentation (200) qui reçoit les déchets dangereux, une unité de mélangeur (300) conçue pour broyer, mélanger et homogénéiser les déchets dangereux pour obtenir un mélange, un appareil de criblage et d'évacuation (400) conçu pour recevoir et cribler le mélange et évacuer un mélange final sélectif vers une unité d'emballage (406). Le système de la présente invention comprend également une unité de sécurité (500) qui comprend un appareil de détection et de traitement de fluides dangereux (502) et un appareil de détection et d'extinction d'incendie (504). L'appareil d'alimentation, l'unité de mélangeur, l'appareil de criblage et d'évacuation, l'unité de sécurité et une alimentation électrique sont connectés à et en communication de données avec un processeur (600). L'invention réduit au minimum l'intervention humaine et réduit les risques de santé associés.
PCT/IN2021/050454 2020-05-21 2021-05-12 Système et procédé pour préparer un autre combustible sec à partir de déchets dangereux pour une utilisation dans l'industrie du ciment WO2021234726A1 (fr)

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IN202021021484 2020-05-21
IN202021021484 2020-05-21

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5530176A (en) * 1994-12-01 1996-06-25 Pneu-Mech Systems Mfg., Inc. Method and apparatus for disposing of hazardous waste material in a cement-producing kiln
KR100738010B1 (ko) * 2006-08-19 2007-07-12 한국히트마공업(주) 폐기물을 재활용하는 시멘트 소성용(용광로) 연료 제조방법

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5530176A (en) * 1994-12-01 1996-06-25 Pneu-Mech Systems Mfg., Inc. Method and apparatus for disposing of hazardous waste material in a cement-producing kiln
KR100738010B1 (ko) * 2006-08-19 2007-07-12 한국히트마공업(주) 폐기물을 재활용하는 시멘트 소성용(용광로) 연료 제조방법

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