WO2021230027A1 - 高炉操業方法 - Google Patents
高炉操業方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021230027A1 WO2021230027A1 PCT/JP2021/016163 JP2021016163W WO2021230027A1 WO 2021230027 A1 WO2021230027 A1 WO 2021230027A1 JP 2021016163 W JP2021016163 W JP 2021016163W WO 2021230027 A1 WO2021230027 A1 WO 2021230027A1
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- blast furnace
- burner
- coke
- furnace
- blown
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D13/00—Apparatus for preheating charges; Arrangements for preheating charges
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a blast furnace operating method in which the operation is stopped, the blast furnace is closed, and then the blast furnace is blown again.
- the blast furnace was installed at the bottom of the tuyere by raising, reducing, and melting iron ore with high-temperature air blown from a hole for blowing air called a tuyere and high-temperature reducing gas generated by the reaction of coke and pulverized coal with oxygen. It is a facility that discharges pig iron and slag from the iron outlet to the outside of the furnace for production. During normal operation of the blast furnace, the reaction heat in the furnace and the heat supply from the tuyere are balanced, so that stable operation of the blast furnace is possible.
- the feathers in the adjacent part Open the mouth and gradually increase the number of open tuyere to restore normal operation.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 Other methods include blowing oxygen gas from the iron outlet to burn and heat the charcoal material and pig iron in the furnace to heat the temperature of the bottom of the furnace, or a burner at the iron outlet provided at the bottom of the blast furnace.
- a burner for raising the temperature of the bottom of the furnace has been proposed as a method of starting the blast furnace to start the blast furnace in a short time by installing the fuel to burn the fuel and raising the temperature of the furnace bottom efficiently.
- the melt in the furnace is discharged as much as possible when the blast furnace is shut down to reduce the amount of solidified material, and the particle size and porosity of the coke packed bed remaining in the furnace are kept large to maintain the flow path of the melt. There is a need.
- the heating effect of the burner installed at the ironing port (hereinafter, also referred to as the ironing port burner) was found in the vicinity of the ironing port, the ironing port and the wings. It was found that the area between the mouths is particularly large, and coagulum existing in other areas may not be discharged well.
- the coke remaining in the furnace during the blast furnace shutdown has a reduced particle size due to the reaction in the furnace and wear due to the movement in the furnace. It was found that the particle size was low and the porosity was low due to the presence of coke powder generated by the above. In addition, pig iron, slag, etc. often adhere to the coke remaining in the furnace, and as the temperature inside the furnace rises, they may redissolve and increase the amount of solidified matter. I also found that.
- An object of the present invention is to remove residual coke that remains in the furnace when the wind is closed and hinders the discharge of solidified matter as much as possible, whereby the blast furnace can be smoothly started up from the closed wind and operated. It is to propose a method.
- the present invention was developed to solve the above-mentioned problems. That is, by using the following method, the surface of the packed layer of the raw material directly above the blast furnace tuyere, that is, the contents of the blast furnace, is reduced from the upper end of the blast furnace morning glory, and the wind is stopped, and then the air is blown again. It becomes possible to raise.
- the blast furnace operating method of the present invention is a blast furnace operating method in which the height of the surface of the raw material filling layer directly above the blast furnace tuyere is reduced from the height of the upper end of the blast furnace morning glory to suspend the wind, and then the air is blown again. Oxygen or oxygen and combustible gas are blown from the burner inserted into the pig iron to burn the coke remaining in the furnace, reduce the volume of the residue in the furnace, and newly charge the coke in the volume reduction area. After that, it is characterized by blowing air from the tuyere.
- the tip of the burner In the blast furnace operating method of the present invention, (1) Insert the tip of the burner at a dimensionless radius of 0.1 to 0.8 with the central part of the blast furnace shaft as 0 and the wall surface of the blast furnace floor as 1. (2) Insert the tip of the burner at a dimensionless radius of 0.1 to 0.7 with the central part of the blast furnace shaft as 0 and the wall surface of the blast furnace floor as 1. (3)
- the burner has a heavy pipe structure including an inner pipe and an outer pipe through which gas flows, and is a cap that covers the ends of the inner pipe and the outer pipe.
- the blown gas is discharged from the outer pipe without leaking to the outside, or the gas blown from the outer pipe is discharged from the inner pipe without leaking to the outside, and if the cap is not present, the gas blown from the inner pipe or the outer pipe.
- the blast furnace operation method of the present invention it is possible to perform stable start-up in the blast furnace operation in which the surface of the raw material filling layer directly above the blast furnace tuyere is reduced from the upper end of the blast furnace morning glory to suspend the wind and then blown again. Will be.
- FIG. 1 It is a schematic diagram of the lower part of the furnace when the ironing port burner is used.
- (A) and (b) are schematic views of the burner used in this invention, respectively. It is a schematic diagram when the residual coke was burned using the ironing port burner. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the burner tip position and the combustible volume. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the burner tip position and the replaceable coke ratio. It is a graph which shows the relationship between a replaceable coke ratio and a pressure loss.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of the lower part of the furnace when the ironing port burner is used in the present invention.
- the ironing port is normally closed with a material called a mud material, but the ironing port is opened in order to insert the burner into the furnace.
- a known tap opening machine can be used for the opening. After the pig iron for inserting the burner opens, insert the burner.
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the burner used in the present invention.
- the burner shown in FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b) has a double pipe structure of an inner pipe and an outer pipe through which gas flows, and a cap covering the ends of the inner pipe and the outer pipe is attached to the outside of the outer pipe.
- the cap is present as shown in FIG. 2A, the gas blown from the gas introduction port of the inner pipe is discharged from the gas discharge port of the outer pipe without leaking to the outside.
- the cap is not present as shown in FIG. 2B, the gas blown from the gas introduction port of the inner pipe is supplied into the furnace. Therefore, since the burner has a function of flowing gas from the inner pipe to the outer pipe to cool the burner in the presence of the cap, it can be stably inserted into the furnace.
- the cap is melted and removed, for example, the gas for combustion is blown into the furnace from the inner pipe of the burner, and the combustion is supported from the outer pipe. It is carried out by blowing an oxygen-containing gas as a gas.
- an oxygen-containing gas as a gas.
- the temperature at the tip of the burner exceeds the combustion start temperature (generally 800 ° C.) of the coke existing in the surroundings, the gas blown from the burner is switched to only the oxygen-containing gas to burn the coke.
- the oxygen-containing gas it is most preferable to blow pure oxygen, but a gas having an oxygen concentration lower than 100% may be used as long as the combustion of coke can be sustained.
- FIG. 2A exemplifies a mechanism in which gas flows from the inner pipe to the outer pipe, it may be a mechanism in which gas flows from the outer pipe to the inner pipe.
- the gas is blown for cooling the burner, it is preferable to blow it from the outer pipe of the burner.
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram when the residual coke is burned using this burner. As shown in this schematic diagram, when the coke is burnt down by combustion, the coke rolls further to the tip of the coke according to the angle of repose, and the coke burns out repeatedly to reduce the volume.
- FIG. 4 shows the coke combustible volume by the above mechanism.
- the relationship between the burner tip position and the coke combustible volume is such that the tip position of the burner is a dimensionless radius (from the center) where the center position of the blast furnace is 0 and the wall surface of the blast furnace floor (tuyere) is 1.0.
- the relationship between the tip position of the dimensionless burner and the relative combustion volume where the coke combustible volume when the tip position of the burner is 1.0 (the tuyere) is 1.00 is shown. From this figure, the center of the blast furnace shaft is 0.
- the coke combustible volume is 1.1 times or more that of the blast furnace floor wall surface, and the combustion region is maximized with a non-dimensional radius of 0.4. It can be seen that it can be done.
- the replacement rate when the combustion region is replaced with new coke is shown in FIG. 5. As in FIG. 4, the peak is at 0.4.
- the replacement ratio is (replaced the combustion region). Volume of new coke packed bed) / (volume of coke packed bed before combustion).
- FIG. 6 shows the measurement results. It can be seen that the pressure loss can be reduced when the coke replacement rate (hereinafter referred to as the coke replacement rate) at the lower part (between the tuyere and the ironing port) is 0.7 or more.
- the coke replacement rate in order to reduce the pressure loss and ensure the ventilation and liquid permeability of the coke packed bed, it is desirable to set the coke replacement rate to 0.65 or more, and the burner charging in which this coke replacement rate can be achieved is desirable. It can be seen that the position is in the region of 0.1 to 0.8 in the dimensionless radius where the central portion of the blast furnace shaft is 0 and the wall surface portion of the blast furnace floor is 1. It is more desirable to set the coke replacement rate to 0.70 or more, and the burner charging position where this coke replacement rate can be achieved is 0 in the dimensionless radius where the central part of the blast furnace shaft is 0 and the wall surface of the blast furnace floor is 1. It is a region of 1 to 0.70.
- the coke substitution rate is preferably 0.65 or more, and more preferably 0.70 or more.
- the tip of the burner at a dimensionless radius of 0.1 to 0.8 with the blast furnace shaft center portion being 0 and the blast furnace hearth side wall portion being 1 and 0.1 to 0. It is more suitable to insert it in 70. If dust accumulation is confirmed on the surface layer of the raw material, such as when the period from the rest of the wind to the burner combustion is long, the burner combustion may be performed after the dust is removed, if necessary.
- Example 1 In a blast furnace with an internal volume of 5000 m 3, the height of the upper surface of the raw material filling layer in the furnace just above the tuyere was reduced to 1 m below the upper end of the morning glory of the blast furnace, and the wind was closed. Before starting up from the rest of the wind, install the burner shown in Fig. 2 at the ironing port so that the tip position is 0.4 in the non-dimensional radius in the furnace, and first blow LNG and oxygen. It was burned, and when the coke temperature exceeded 800 ° C., the coke was burned by switching to full oxygen injection.
- the blown oxygen is almost consumed by combustion when coke is present at the tip of the burner, but when the coke at the tip of the burner disappears and the state is as shown in the coke filling layer of FIG. 3, the oxygen consumption decreases. Therefore, by measuring the oxygen concentration in the furnace, it is possible to know how much coke has been consumed. After confirming that the oxygen concentration in the furnace had increased, the oxygen injection from the ironing port burner was stopped and unused coke was filled from the upper part of the blast furnace. The outlet burner is reburned to heat the newly filled coke, and when the temperature of the coke at the tip of the tuyere exceeds 2000 ° C, hot air of 1100 ° C is blown from the tuyere and from the tuyere. When the blast furnace was started up by switching to the heating of the above, the melt in the furnace could be discharged smoothly, and the steady operation could be achieved smoothly.
- Example 2 In a blast furnace with an internal volume of 5000 m 3, the height of the upper surface of the raw material filling layer in the furnace just above the tuyere was reduced to 1 m below the upper end of the morning glory of the blast furnace, and the wind was closed. Before starting up from the rest of the wind, install the burner shown in Fig. 2 at the ironing port so that the tip position is at the position of 0.6 with a dimensionless radius in the furnace, and blow oxygen for 48 hours to burn it. Burned coke. By burning the burner from each of the four taps, about 60% of the coke in the furnace could be replaced, and a good start-up was achieved.
- the ironing port burner is installed so that the tip is at a position with a dimensionless radius of 0.95, and the ironing port burner is burned to heat the space between the ironing port and the tuyere.
- the method of the present invention was able to smoothly discharge the melt in the furnace, it is judged that the method of the present invention contributes to the smooth start-up of the blast furnace.
- blast furnace operating method it is possible to provide a stable operating method not only in the restart of the blast furnace but also in various vertical melting furnaces other than the blast furnace.
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Abstract
Description
(1)バーナ先端の設置位置を、高炉軸中心部を0とし高炉炉床壁面部を1とする無次元半径において、0.1~0.8に挿入すること、
(2)バーナ先端の設置位置を、高炉軸中心部を0とし高炉炉床壁面部を1とする無次元半径において、0.1~0.7に挿入すること、
(3)前記バーナとして、気体が流通する内管と外管を含む重管構造を有し、内管と外管との端部を覆うキャップであって、キャップが存在する場合は内管から吹き込んだ気体が外部に漏れずに外管から排出されるかまたは外管から吹き込んだ気体が外部に漏れずに内管から排出され、キャップが存在しない場合は内管または外管から吹き込んだ気体が内管または外管の端部からバーナの外部に排出される構造を有するキャップであって、かつ、高炉内において除去可能なキャップを有するバーナを用いること、
がそれぞれ好ましい態様となるものと考えられる。
内容積5000m3の高炉において、羽口直上の炉内の原料充填層の上面高さを高炉朝顔部上端より1m下まで減尺して休風を行った。休風から立ち上げを行う前に、出銑口に図2のバーナを、先端位置が炉内の無次元半径で0.4の位置にくるように設置し、最初はLNGと酸素を吹き込んで燃焼させ、コークス温度が800℃を超えた時点で全量酸素吹込みに切り替えてコークスを燃焼させた。吹き込んだ酸素は、バーナ先端にコークスが存在する場合には燃焼によりほぼ消費されるが、バーナ先端のコークスが消失して図3のコークス充填層のような状態になると、酸素の消費量が減少するため、炉内の酸素濃度を測定するとどの程度までコークスが消費されたかがわかる。炉内の酸素濃度が上昇してきたことを確認した後、出銑口バーナからの酸素吹込みを停止して高炉上部から未使用のコークスを充填した。出銑口バーナを再度燃焼させて新規に充填されたコークスを加熱し、羽口先端部のコークスの温度が2000℃を超えた時点で、羽口から1100℃の熱風を送風し、羽口からの加熱に切り替えて高炉を立ち上げたところ、炉内溶融物の排出がスムーズに行え、順調に定常操業に至ることができた。
内容積5000m3の高炉において、羽口直上の炉内の原料充填層の上面高さを高炉朝顔部上端より1m下まで減尺して休風を行った。休風から立ち上げを行う前に、出銑口に図2のバーナを、先端位置が炉内の無次元半径で0.6の位置にくるように設置し、酸素を48時間吹き込んで燃焼させてコークスを燃焼させた。4本の出銑口からそれぞれバーナを燃焼することで炉内コークスの6割程度置換でき、良好な立上げを達成できた。
実施例と同じ高炉において、出銑口バーナの設置位置を先端が無次元半径0.95の位置にくるように設置し、出銑口バーナを燃焼させて出銑口と羽口の間を加熱した後、羽口からの熱風送風に切り替えて高炉の立ち上げを試みたところ、30%の頻度で溶融物の排出がうまくいかないケースが発生した。
Claims (4)
- 高炉羽口の直上の原料充填層表面の高さを高炉朝顔部上端の高さよりも減じて休風し、その後再度送風する高炉操業方法において、高炉休風後に出銑口に挿入したバーナより、酸素または、酸素および可燃ガスを吹き込み、炉内に残留したコークスを燃焼させ、炉内残留物の体積を低減させるとともに、当該体積減少領域に新たにコークスを装入した後に、羽口から送風を行うことを特徴とする高炉操業方法。
- バーナ先端の設置位置を、高炉軸中心部を0とし高炉炉床壁面部を1とする無次元半径において、0.1~0.8に挿入することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の高炉操業方法。
- バーナ先端の設置位置を、高炉軸中心部を0とし高炉炉床壁面部を1とする無次元半径において、0.1~0.7に挿入することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の高炉操業方法。
- 前記バーナとして、気体が流通する内管と外管を含む重管構造を有し、内管と外管との端部を覆うキャップであって、キャップが存在する場合は内管から吹き込んだ気体が外部に漏れずに外管から排出されるかまたは外管から吹き込んだ気体が外部に漏れずに内管から排出され、キャップが存在しない場合は内管または外管から吹き込んだ気体が内管または外管の端部からバーナの外部に排出される構造を有するキャップであって、かつ、高炉内において除去可能なキャップを有するバーナを用いることを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の高炉操業方法。
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JP2021533806A JP6947345B1 (ja) | 2020-05-15 | 2021-04-21 | 高炉操業方法 |
EP21804826.2A EP4151753A4 (en) | 2020-05-15 | 2021-04-21 | BLASTIC FURNACE OPERATION PROCESS |
KR1020227039539A KR20220158103A (ko) | 2020-05-15 | 2021-04-21 | 고로 조업 방법 |
US17/921,208 US20230175085A1 (en) | 2020-05-15 | 2021-04-21 | Blast furnace operation method |
BR112022021841A BR112022021841A2 (pt) | 2020-05-15 | 2021-04-21 | Método de operação de alto-forno |
CN202180033998.3A CN115516113B (zh) | 2020-05-15 | 2021-04-21 | 高炉操作方法 |
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JPH05171231A (ja) * | 1991-12-26 | 1993-07-09 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | 高炉の炉芯活性法 |
JP2013221184A (ja) | 2012-04-17 | 2013-10-28 | Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corp | 高炉炉底部の装入物及び残留物の昇温方法 |
JP2016030833A (ja) | 2014-07-25 | 2016-03-07 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 高炉の送風開始方法および炉床部昇温用バーナー |
JP2017061716A (ja) * | 2015-09-24 | 2017-03-30 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | 高炉炉底部における装入物および炉内残留物の昇温方法 |
JP2017193771A (ja) * | 2016-04-22 | 2017-10-26 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | 高炉休風方法 |
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US20170234805A1 (en) * | 2014-08-27 | 2017-08-17 | Sahajanand Technologies Private Limited | Mobile gemstone identification |
CN107475470B (zh) * | 2017-08-16 | 2019-07-02 | 唐山钢铁集团有限责任公司 | 一种高炉在护炉状态下使用高比例球团的休风方法 |
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Patent Citations (5)
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JPH05171231A (ja) * | 1991-12-26 | 1993-07-09 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | 高炉の炉芯活性法 |
JP2013221184A (ja) | 2012-04-17 | 2013-10-28 | Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corp | 高炉炉底部の装入物及び残留物の昇温方法 |
JP2016030833A (ja) | 2014-07-25 | 2016-03-07 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 高炉の送風開始方法および炉床部昇温用バーナー |
JP2017061716A (ja) * | 2015-09-24 | 2017-03-30 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | 高炉炉底部における装入物および炉内残留物の昇温方法 |
JP2017193771A (ja) * | 2016-04-22 | 2017-10-26 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | 高炉休風方法 |
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