WO2021228051A1 - 一种显示装置和显示系统 - Google Patents

一种显示装置和显示系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021228051A1
WO2021228051A1 PCT/CN2021/092860 CN2021092860W WO2021228051A1 WO 2021228051 A1 WO2021228051 A1 WO 2021228051A1 CN 2021092860 W CN2021092860 W CN 2021092860W WO 2021228051 A1 WO2021228051 A1 WO 2021228051A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
display
image
display device
screen
diffusion
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/092860
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
闫云飞
常天海
黄志勇
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to JP2022569016A priority Critical patent/JP7451764B2/ja
Priority to KR1020227043157A priority patent/KR20230005388A/ko
Priority to EP21805063.1A priority patent/EP4141519A4/en
Publication of WO2021228051A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021228051A1/zh
Priority to US17/983,604 priority patent/US20230072734A1/en

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K35/00—Instruments specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement of instruments in or on vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K35/00—Instruments specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement of instruments in or on vehicles
    • B60K35/20—Output arrangements, i.e. from vehicle to user, associated with vehicle functions or specially adapted therefor
    • B60K35/21—Output arrangements, i.e. from vehicle to user, associated with vehicle functions or specially adapted therefor using visual output, e.g. blinking lights or matrix displays
    • B60K35/23—Head-up displays [HUD]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K35/00—Instruments specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement of instruments in or on vehicles
    • B60K35/20—Output arrangements, i.e. from vehicle to user, associated with vehicle functions or specially adapted therefor
    • B60K35/28—Output arrangements, i.e. from vehicle to user, associated with vehicle functions or specially adapted therefor characterised by the type of the output information, e.g. video entertainment or vehicle dynamics information; characterised by the purpose of the output information, e.g. for attracting the attention of the driver
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/02—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements
    • G02B5/0205—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties
    • G02B5/021—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties the diffusion taking place at the element's surface, e.g. by means of surface roughening or microprismatic structures
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/02—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements
    • G02B5/0273—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterized by the use
    • G02B5/0284—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterized by the use used in reflection
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/005—Projectors using an electronic spatial light modulator but not peculiar thereto
    • G03B21/006—Projectors using an electronic spatial light modulator but not peculiar thereto using LCD's
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/54—Accessories
    • G03B21/56—Projection screens
    • G03B21/60—Projection screens characterised by the nature of the surface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K2360/00—Indexing scheme associated with groups B60K35/00 or B60K37/00 relating to details of instruments or dashboards
    • B60K2360/16—Type of output information
    • B60K2360/166—Navigation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K2360/00—Indexing scheme associated with groups B60K35/00 or B60K37/00 relating to details of instruments or dashboards
    • B60K2360/16—Type of output information
    • B60K2360/167—Vehicle dynamics information
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K2360/00—Indexing scheme associated with groups B60K35/00 or B60K37/00 relating to details of instruments or dashboards
    • B60K2360/20—Optical features of instruments
    • B60K2360/23—Optical features of instruments using reflectors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B2027/0192—Supplementary details
    • G02B2027/0196—Supplementary details having transparent supporting structure for display mounting, e.g. to a window or a windshield
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/14—Details
    • G03B21/28—Reflectors in projection beam

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of display technology, and in particular to a display device and a display system.
  • the display system that uses the existing transparent glass, semi-transparent glass or reflector to reflect the display screen is suitable for the narrow wall space and the transparent glass, semi-transparent glass or reflector is provided because it does not require additional display windows.
  • the windshield of the cockpit can be used to display information such as driving speed, engine speed, and navigation screen.
  • the bathroom mirror can be used to display the weather, air quality and other information of the day.
  • These windshields, toilet mirrors, etc. used to display images can be collectively referred to as reflective display windows.
  • the present application provides a display device and a display system, which can enhance the visual experience when displaying images through a reflective display window, and improve the sense of presence and immersion.
  • some embodiments of the present application provide a display device that includes an image generation unit and an optical imaging unit; the image generation unit is used to generate a real image with a curved display surface; the optical imaging unit is used to image the real image, In order to generate an enlarged virtual image corresponding to the real image, the display surface of the virtual image is a curved surface adapted to the display surface of the real image.
  • the display device includes an image generation unit and an optical imaging unit
  • the image generation unit is used to generate a real image with a curved display surface
  • the optical imaging unit is used to image the real image to generate an enlarged virtual image corresponding to the real image
  • the display surface of the virtual image is a curved surface adapted to the display surface of the real image. Therefore, when the display device is applied to a display system, the image surface of the optical imaging unit of the display device is opposed to the reflective display window, and the image surface of the optical imaging unit emits The imaging light beam is incident on the reflective display window and reflected by the reflective display window to the user’s eyes, so that the user can view the enlarged virtual image generated by the optical imaging unit through the reflective display window. Since the display surface of the virtual image is curved, compared to Compared with flat images, curved images can bring a better visual experience and improve the sense of presence and immersion.
  • the optical imaging unit is a lens group, the lens group includes at least one lens arranged in a stack, and one end surface of the lens group along the stacking direction of the at least one lens faces the display surface of the real image.
  • the optical imaging unit is located between the image generation unit and the reflective display window, and the optical imaging unit only transmits the incident image light beam, and the transmitted imaging light beam
  • the optical axis of the optical imaging unit is collinear with the optical axis of the image beam entering the optical imaging unit. Therefore, the optical path between the image generating unit and the reflective display window does not turn, so it is convenient for the image generating unit, the optical imaging unit and the reflective display window. The relative position between is determined.
  • the optical imaging unit is a concave reflector, and the reflective concave surface of the concave reflector faces the display surface of the real image.
  • the real image light generated by the image generation unit is reflected and turned once by the optical imaging unit and then enters the reflective display window.
  • the arrangement of the image generation unit and the optical imaging unit The direction is at a certain angle with the arrangement direction of the optical imaging unit and the reflective display window, which is beneficial to reduce the size of the display device in the arrangement direction of the optical imaging unit and the reflective display window.
  • the size of the display device in the arrangement direction of the optical imaging unit and the reflective display window is also the occupation height of the display device in the display system, so it is beneficial to reduce the occupation height of the display device in the display system.
  • the image generation unit is a curved display screen or a display device with a curved display screen. This structure is simple and easy to implement.
  • the image generation unit is a flexible curved display screen. It is convenient to adjust the curvature of the display surface of the real image.
  • the image generation unit includes a diffusion screen and a projection device; the diffusion surface of the diffusion screen is curved, and the diffusion surface of the diffusion screen is the display surface of the real image; the projection device is used to generate the imaging surface and the diffusion surface of the diffusion screen.
  • the adapted image beam is projected onto the diffusion surface of the diffusion screen to form a real image.
  • the projection device includes a projection host and a spatial light modulator; the projection host is used to generate an image beam with a planar imaging surface; the spatial light modulator is opposite to the light exit surface of the projection host, and the spatial light modulator is used to adjust The imaging surface is the phase of each light in the plane image light beam to generate an image light beam whose imaging surface matches the diffusion surface of the diffusion screen.
  • the spatial light modulator is a liquid crystal on silicon spatial light modulator or a micro-electromechanical system spatial light modulator.
  • a first lens is provided between the projection host and the spatial light modulator, and the first lens is used to converge the image beam generated by the projection host, so that the image beam is projected to the spatial light modulator as much as possible , So as to avoid optical path loss.
  • a second lens is provided on the light exit side of the spatial light modulator, and the second lens is used to converge the image beam modulated by the spatial light modulator, so that the image beam is projected to the diffusion screen as much as possible, So as to avoid the loss of light path.
  • the diffusion screen includes a supporting structure and a flexible screen body; the supporting structure is a curved sheet-like structure; the flexible screen body is pasted and fixed on the surface of the supporting structure, and the diffusion surface of the diffusion screen is the screen body The surface away from the support structure. In this way, the screen main body is supported by the supporting structure, which can ensure the flatness of the screen main body.
  • the supporting structure is a bendable structure. In this way, the curvature of the screen body attached and fixed to it can be adjusted to achieve the adjustment of the curvature of the display surface of the real image.
  • the support structure includes a first material layer and a second material layer that are stacked, the thermal expansion coefficient of the first material layer is different from that of the second material layer, and the screen body is located on the first material layer away from the first material layer.
  • the diffusion screen also includes a temperature adjustment device, the temperature adjustment structure is used to adjust the temperature of the support structure.
  • the temperature adjustment device can change the temperature of the support structure. Since the thermal expansion coefficient of the first material layer is different from that of the second material layer, while adjusting the temperature of the support structure, the bending curvature of the support structure will be generated. Certain changes, thereby making the support structure bendable. In this way, it is convenient to realize the automatic control of the curvature adjustment of the support structure.
  • the display surface of the real image generated by the image generation unit is a concave arc surface recessed into the image generation unit.
  • some embodiments of the present application provide a display system that includes a reflective display window and the display device as described in any of the above technical solutions.
  • the image plane of the optical imaging unit of the display device faces the reflective display window to The user can view the enlarged virtual image generated by the optical imaging unit through the reflective display window.
  • the display system provided in the embodiment of the application includes the display device provided in the embodiment of the application
  • the display system provided in the embodiment of the application and the display device provided in the embodiment of the application can solve the same technical problems and achieve the same expected effects. .
  • the reflective display window is a windshield at the front end of the cockpit.
  • the display surface of the real image generated by the image generation unit of the display device is a concave arc surface recessed into the image generation unit, and the center line of the display surface of the virtual image generated by the optical imaging unit is along the front and back of the reflective display window Direction extension.
  • the outline of the display surface of the virtual image that the user sees on the reflective display window is an arc that is located on the horizontal plane and extends around the user's circumference, so that the user can see the image on the edge of the display screen without moving the line of sight. Information, thereby enhancing the visual experience.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a display system provided by some embodiments of the application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a display system provided by other embodiments of the application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device provided by some embodiments of the application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device provided by other embodiments of the application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a diffusion screen of a display device provided by some embodiments of the application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a diffusion screen of a display device provided by still other embodiments of the application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a projection device of a display device provided by some embodiments of the application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a display device provided by still other embodiments of the application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a display system provided by still other embodiments of the application.
  • first and second are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features.
  • the features defined with “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features.
  • the images displayed on the reflective display windows are usually flat images, which have little effect on the user's visual experience, and the sense of presence and substitution is relatively high. It is low, and visual fatigue will occur after long-term use, and the comfort is low.
  • the present application provides a display system, which includes but is not limited to a cockpit windshield display system and a bathroom mirror display system.
  • the display system includes a display device and a reflective display window.
  • the display device is used to generate images.
  • the reflective display window includes but is not limited to the cockpit windshield and toilet mirror.
  • the reflective display window is used to reflect the imaging light beam generated by the display device to the user's eyes, so that the user can view the image generated by the display device through the reflective display window.
  • the display system is a cockpit windshield display system.
  • the display system may be a cockpit windshield display system of automobiles, airplanes, trains, etc.
  • the cockpit windshield display system includes a display device 1 arranged in an instrument panel of the cockpit 100 and a windshield 2 located at the front end of the cockpit 100.
  • the display device 1 is used to generate an image, which can display a driving speed, an engine speed, or a navigation screen.
  • the windshield 2 is made of transparent glass.
  • the driver in the cockpit 100 can see the environmental conditions outside the cockpit 100 through the windshield 2.
  • the windshield 2 can reflect the imaging light beam generated by the display device 1 to the eyes of the driver to make the driver
  • the image generated by the display device 1 can be viewed from the windshield 2.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a display system provided by still other embodiments of the application.
  • the display system is a mirror display system for a bathroom.
  • the display system may be a mirror display system for a home or a public bathroom.
  • the bathroom mirror display system includes a display device 1 and a bathroom mirror 3.
  • the display device 1 is used to generate an image, which can display time, weather or air conditions.
  • the toilet mirror 3 is a flat mirror.
  • the user can organize his appearance through the toilet mirror 3.
  • the toilet mirror 3 can reflect the imaging light beam generated by the display device 1 to the user's eyes, so that the user can view the image generated by the display device 1 through the toilet mirror 3. image.
  • the present application also provides a display device.
  • the display device is the display device in the above-mentioned display system.
  • the display device includes an image generation unit and an optical imaging unit.
  • the image generating unit is used to generate a real image whose display surface is a curved surface.
  • the optical imaging unit is used for imaging the real image to generate an enlarged virtual image corresponding to the real image, and the display surface of the virtual image is a curved surface that is compatible with the display surface of the real image.
  • the optical imaging unit may be a transmissive imaging element or a reflective imaging element, which is not specifically limited here.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device provided by some embodiments of the application.
  • the display device is an example of the display device 1 in the cockpit windshield display system shown in FIG. 1.
  • the display device 1 includes an image generating unit 11 and an optical imaging unit 12.
  • the image generating unit 11 generates a real image a
  • the display surface of the real image a is a curved surface.
  • the optical imaging unit 12 is a transmission imaging element.
  • the optical imaging unit 12 is a lens group that includes at least one lens laminated and arranged, and one end surface of the lens group along the lamination direction of the at least one lens faces the real image a. Display surface.
  • the real image light generated by the real image a enters the optical imaging unit 12 and is transmitted by the optical imaging unit 12.
  • the light beam transmitted by the optical imaging unit 12 is the imaging light beam, and the corresponding enlargement of the real image a is formed on the reverse extension of the imaging light beam
  • the display surface of the virtual image b is a curved surface adapted to the display surface of the real image a.
  • the enlarged virtual image b is mirror-imaged by the windshield 2, and a virtual image c that is as large as the virtual image b is formed on the outer side of the windshield 2.
  • the driver can view the virtual image c from the windshield 2.
  • the distance between each point on the real image a generated by the image generating unit 11 and the optical imaging unit 12 needs to be less than The equivalent focal length of the optical imaging unit 12.
  • the optical imaging unit 12 is located between the image generation unit 11 and the windshield 2, and the optical imaging unit 12 only transmits the image beam that is incident.
  • the optical axes are collinear. Therefore, the optical path between the image generating unit 11 and the windshield 2 does not turn, thus facilitating the determination of the relative positions of the image generating unit 11, the optical imaging unit 12 and the windshield 2.
  • the optical imaging unit 12 is a lens group, and the lens group may include one lens or multiple lenses, which is not specifically limited herein.
  • FIG. 3 only shows an example in which the lens group includes one convex lens, and does not limit the specific structure of the lens group.
  • the display surface of the real image a generated by the image generating unit 11 may be a concave curved surface, a convex curved surface, a wavy curved surface, etc., which is not specifically limited herein.
  • FIG. 3 only shows an example in which the display surface of the real image a is a concave arc surface recessed into the image generating unit 11, and does not limit the curved shape of the display surface of the real image a.
  • the image generation unit 11 may be a curved display screen.
  • the curved display screen may be a curved liquid crystal display (LCD), a curved organic light emitting diode (OLED) display, or a curved display.
  • Micro-light emitting diode (Micro-LED) display screen, etc. the image generation unit 11 may also be a display device with a curved display screen, such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, etc., and the image generation unit 11 may also include a curved surface
  • the projection display device of the diffusion screen is not specifically limited here.
  • the image generation unit 11 When the image generation unit 11 is a curved display screen, specifically, the image generation unit 11 may be a flexible curved display screen, and the flexible curved display screen can change the curvature of the curved surface, thus facilitating the adjustment of the curvature of the display surface of the real image a.
  • FIG. 3 only shows an example in which the image generating unit 11 is a flexible curved display screen, and does not limit the structure of the image generating unit 11.
  • the image generating unit 11 includes a diffusion screen 111 and a projection device 112.
  • the diffusion surface of the diffusion screen 111 is curved, and the diffusion surface of the diffusion screen 111 is the display surface of the real image a.
  • the projection device 112 is used to generate an image light beam whose imaging surface matches the diffusion surface of the diffusion screen 111, and the image light beam is projected to the diffusion surface of the diffusion screen 111 to form a real image a. This structure is simple and easy to implement.
  • the diffusion screen 111 may be a transmission display type diffusion screen or a reflection display type diffusion screen, which is not specifically limited here.
  • FIG. 4 only shows an example in which the diffusion screen 111 is a reflective display type diffusion screen, and it cannot be considered that the structure of the diffusion screen 111 is limited.
  • the diffusion screen 111 may be a whole structure made of diffusion material, or it may include a supporting structure and a flexible diffusion screen main body supported on the supporting structure, which is not specifically limited herein.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a diffusion screen of a display device provided by some embodiments of the application.
  • the diffusion screen 111 includes a supporting structure 1111 and a flexible screen body 1112.
  • the support structure 1111 has a certain degree of hardness.
  • the material of the support structure 1111 includes but is not limited to plastic and metal, and the support structure 1111 has a curved sheet structure.
  • the screen main body 1112 is pasted and fixed on the surface of the supporting structure 1111, and the diffusion surface of the diffusion screen 111 is the surface of the screen main body 1112 that faces away from the supporting structure 1111. Therefore, the screen main body 1112 is supported by the supporting structure 1111, so that the flatness of the screen main body 1112 can be ensured.
  • the supporting structure 1111 may be a rigid structure or a bendable structure, which is not specifically limited here.
  • the support structure 1111 is a bendable structure, so that the curvature of the screen body 1112 attached and fixed to it can be adjusted to achieve the adjustment of the curvature of the display surface of the real image a.
  • the support structure 1111 is made of ductile materials, such as copper and iron.
  • the ductile materials have certain flexibility and can be bent. This structure is simple and easy to implement.
  • the support structure 1111 includes a first material layer 1111a and a second material layer 1111b that are stacked.
  • the thermal expansion coefficient of the first material layer 1111a is different from the thermal expansion coefficient of the second material layer 1111b.
  • the screen body 1112 is located on the side of the first material layer 1111a away from the second material layer 1111b.
  • the diffusion screen 111 also includes a temperature adjustment device (not shown in the figure), the temperature adjustment device includes but is not limited to a heating device and a cooling device, and the temperature adjustment device is used to adjust the temperature of the support structure 1111. In this way, the temperature adjustment device can change the temperature of the support structure 1111.
  • the temperature of the support structure 1111 will be adjusted at the same time.
  • the bending curvature of 1111 produces a certain change, thereby making the support structure 1111 bendable. In this way, it is convenient to realize the automatic control of the curvature adjustment of the support structure 1111.
  • the thermal expansion coefficient of the first material layer 1111a may be greater than that of the second material layer 1111b, or may be smaller than the thermal expansion coefficient of the second material layer 1111b, which is not specifically limited here, as long as the thermal expansion coefficient of the first material layer 1111a is the same as that of the second material layer 1111b.
  • the thermal expansion coefficient of the material layer 1111b is not equal, and within the temperature adjustment range of the temperature adjustment device, the bending curvature of the support structure 1111 can be effectively adjusted.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a projection device of a display device provided by some embodiments of the application.
  • the projection device 112 includes a projection host 1121 and a spatial light modulator 1122.
  • the projection host 1121 is used to generate an image beam with a flat imaging surface.
  • the projection host 1121 may include a laser light source and a digital mirror device (digital mirror device, DMD) 1121a.
  • the laser light source emits an illumination beam to the DMD 1121a, and the DMD 1121a is based on the illumination
  • the light beam generates an image light beam with a flat imaging surface.
  • the spatial light modulator 1122 is opposite to the light emitting surface of the projection host 1121.
  • the spatial light modulator 1122 is used to adjust the phase of each light in the image beam whose imaging surface generated by the projection host 1121 is a plane to generate the diffusion of the imaging surface and the diffuser screen. Image beam adapted to the surface. This structure is simple and easy to implement.
  • the spatial light modulator 1122 includes, but is not limited to, a liquid crystal on silicon (LCoS) spatial light modulator and a microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) spatial light modulator.
  • LCD liquid crystal on silicon
  • MEMS microelectromechanical systems
  • a first lens 1123 is provided between the projection host 1121 and the spatial light modulator 1122.
  • a lens 1123 is used to converge the image beam generated by the projection host 1121, so that the image beam is projected to the spatial light modulator 1122 as much as possible, thereby avoiding the loss of the optical path.
  • a second lens 1124 is provided on the light exit side of the spatial light modulator 1122. 1124 is used to converge the image light beam modulated by the spatial light modulator 1122, so that the image light beam is projected to the diffusion screen as much as possible, thereby avoiding optical path loss.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device provided by other embodiments of the application.
  • the display device is another example of the display device 1 in the cockpit windshield display system shown in FIG. 1.
  • the display device 1 includes an image generating unit 11 and an optical imaging unit 12.
  • the image generating unit 11 generates a real image a
  • the display surface of the real image a is a curved surface.
  • the optical imaging unit 12 is a reflective imaging element.
  • the optical imaging unit 12 is a concave mirror, and the reflective concave surface of the concave mirror faces the display surface of the real image a.
  • the real image light generated by the real image a enters the optical imaging unit 12 and is reflected by the optical imaging unit 12.
  • the light beam reflected by the optical imaging unit 12 is the imaging light beam, and the corresponding enlargement of the real image a is formed on the reverse extension of the imaging light beam
  • the display surface of the virtual image b is a curved surface adapted to the display surface of the real image a.
  • the enlarged virtual image b is mirror-imaged by the windshield 2, and a virtual image c that is as large as the virtual image b is formed on the outer side of the windshield 2.
  • the driver can view the virtual image c from the windshield 2.
  • the distance between each point on the real image a generated by the image generating unit 11 and the optical imaging unit 12 needs to be less than The equivalent focal length of the optical imaging unit 12.
  • the real image light of the real image a generated by the image generation unit 11 is reflected and turned once by the optical imaging unit 12 and then enters the windshield 2.
  • the arrangement direction is at a certain angle, which is beneficial to reduce the size of the display device 1 in the arrangement direction of the optical imaging unit 12 and the windshield 2.
  • the size of the display device 1 in the arrangement direction of the optical imaging unit 12 and the windshield 2 is also the occupation height of the display device 1 in the display system, so it is beneficial to reduce the occupation height of the display device 1 in the display system.
  • the display surface of the real image a generated by the image generating unit 11 may be a concave curved surface, a convex curved surface, a wavy curved surface, etc., which is not specifically limited herein.
  • FIG. 8 only shows an example in which the display surface of the real image a is a concave arc surface recessed into the image generating unit 11, and does not limit the curved shape of the display surface of the real image a.
  • the image generating unit 11 may be the same as the image generating unit in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 or FIG. 4, which will not be repeated here.
  • the display device provided by the present application includes an image generation unit and an optical imaging unit
  • the image generation unit is used to generate a real image with a curved display surface
  • the optical imaging unit is used to image the real image to generate an enlarged virtual image corresponding to the real image
  • the display surface of the virtual image is a curved surface adapted to the display surface of the real image. Therefore, when the display device is applied to the above-mentioned display system, the image surface of the optical imaging unit of the display device is opposite to the reflective display window, and the image surface of the optical imaging unit
  • the outgoing imaging light beam enters the reflective display window and is reflected by the reflective display window to the user's eyes, so that the user can view the enlarged virtual image generated by the optical imaging unit through the reflective display window.
  • curved images can bring a better visual experience and improve the sense of presence and immersion.
  • the display system provided by this application includes the display device provided by this application, the display system provided by this application and the display device provided by this application can solve the same technical problems and achieve the same expected effects.
  • the display surface of the real image a generated by the image generating unit 11 of the display device 1 is a concave arc surface recessed into the image generating unit 11, and the optical imaging unit 12
  • the center line O of the display surface of the generated virtual image b extends in the front-rear direction of the windshield 2.
  • the display surface of the virtual image c seen by the driver on the windshield 2 is an arc extending around the driver’s lateral circumference, so that the driver can see without moving his sight during driving. Image information to the edge of the display screen, thereby improving driving safety and improving visual experience.

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Abstract

一种显示装置（1）和显示系统，涉及显示设备技术领域，能够增强利用已有的风挡（2）、盥洗镜（3）等反射显示窗显示画面时的视觉体验，提高临场感和带入感。显示装置（1）包括图像生成单元（11）和光学成像单元（12）；图像生成单元（11）用于生成显示面为曲面的实像（a）；光学成像单元（12）用于对实像（a）进行成像，以生成实像（a）对应的放大的虚像（b），虚像（b）的显示面为与实像（a）的显示面相适应的曲面。显示装置（1）用于利用已有的风挡（2）、盥洗镜（3）等反射显示窗显示画面。

Description

一种显示装置和显示系统
本申请要求于2020年5月15日提交中国国家知识产权局、申请号为202010412404.7、发明名称为“一种显示装置和显示系统”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及显示技术领域，尤其涉及一种显示装置和显示系统。
背景技术
目前，利用已有的透明玻璃、半透明玻璃或者反射镜来反射显示画面的显示系统因其无需另外设置显示窗，而适用于壁面空间狭小且同时设有透明玻璃、半透明玻璃或者反射镜的场景。比如在汽车、飞机、列车等设备的驾驶舱内，可以利用驾驶舱的风挡来显示行驶速度、发动机转速、导航画面等信息。又比如在盥洗室内，可以利用盥洗室的盥洗镜来显示当天的天气、空气质量等信息。这些用于显示画面的风挡、盥洗镜等可以统称为反射显示窗，随着技术的发展，用户已不满足当前利用这些反射显示窗显示画面时所带来的视觉体验，而需要更好的临场感和代入感。
发明内容
本申请提供一种显示装置和显示系统，能够增强通过反射显示窗显示画面时的视觉体验，提高临场感和带入感。
为达到上述目的，本申请的实施例采用如下技术方案：
第一方面，本申请一些实施例提供一种显示装置，该显示装置包括图像生成单元和光学成像单元；图像生成单元用于生成显示面为曲面的实像；光学成像单元用于对实像进行成像，以生成实像对应的放大的虚像，虚像的显示面为与该实像的显示面相适应的曲面。
由于本申请提供的显示装置包括图像生成单元和光学成像单元，图像生成单元用于生成显示面为曲面的实像，光学成像单元用于对该实像进行成像，以生成该实像对应的放大的虚像，虚像的显示面为与该实像的显示面相适应的曲面，因此在将该显示装置应用于显示系统中时，显示装置的光学成像单元的像面与反射显示窗相对，光学成像单元的像面出射的成像光束射入反射显示窗，并被反射显示窗反射至用户眼睛，以使用户能够由反射显示窗观看到该光学成像单元生成的放大的虚像，由于该虚像的显示面为曲面，相比于平面图像，曲面图像能够带来更优的视觉体验，提高临场感和带入感。
一种可能的实现方式，光学成像单元为透镜组，透镜组包括层叠设置的至少一个透镜，透镜组沿至少一个透镜的层叠方向的一端端面朝向实像的显示面。这样一来，在将本申请实施例提供的显示装置应用于显示系统时，光学成像单元位于图像生成单元与反射显示窗之间，光学成像单元仅透射射入的图像光束，透射后的成像光束的光轴与射入光学成像单元的图像光束的光轴共线，因此，图像生成单元与反射显示窗之间的光路没有发生转折，因此便于图像生成单元、光学成像单元和反射显示窗三者之间的相对位置确定。
一种可能的实现方式，光学成像单元为凹面反射镜，凹面反射镜的反射凹面朝向实像的 显示面。这样一来，在将本申请实施例提供的显示装置应用于显示系统时，图像生成单元生成的实像光经光学成像单元反射转折一次后射入反射显示窗，图像生成单元、光学成像单元的排列方向与光学成像单元、反射显示窗的排列方向呈一定夹角，有利于减小显示装置在光学成像单元、反射显示窗的排列方向上的尺寸。显示装置在光学成像单元、反射显示窗的排列方向上的尺寸也即是显示装置在显示系统内的占用高度，因此有利于减小显示装置在显示系统内的占用高度。
一种可能的实现方式，图像生成单元为曲面显示屏或者带曲面显示屏的显示设备。此结构简单，容易实现。
一种可能的实现方式，图像生成单元为柔性曲面显示屏。便于实像的显示面的曲率调节。
一种可能的实现方式，图像生成单元包括扩散屏和投影装置；扩散屏的扩散面呈曲面，扩散屏的扩散面为实像的显示面；投影装置用于生成成像面与该扩散屏的扩散面相适应的图像光束，图像光束投射至该扩散屏的扩散面，以形成实像。此结构简单，容易实现。
一种可能的实现方式，投影装置包括投影主机和空间光调制器；投影主机用于生成成像面为平面的图像光束；空间光调制器与该投影主机的出光面相对，空间光调制器用于调节该成像面为平面的图像光束中各个光线的相位，以生成成像面与扩散屏的扩散面相适应的图像光束。此结构简单，容易实现。
一种可能的实现方式，空间光调制器为硅上液晶空间光调制器或者微机电系统空间光调制器。
一种可能的实现方式，投影主机与空间光调制器之间设有第一透镜，该第一透镜用于会聚投影主机生成的图像光束，以使该图像光束尽可能全部投射至空间光调制器，从而避免光路损失。
一种可能的实现方式，空间光调制器的出光侧设有第二透镜，该第二透镜用于会聚空间光调制器调制后的图像光束，以使该图像光束尽可能全部投射至扩散屏，从而避免光路损失。
一种可能的实现方式，扩散屏包括支撑结构和柔性的屏幕主体；支撑结构呈曲面片状结构；柔性的屏幕主体贴覆并固定于该支撑结构的表面上，扩散屏的扩散面为屏幕主体的背离支撑结构的表面。这样，通过支撑结构支撑屏幕主体，能够保证屏幕主体的平整性。
一种可能的实现方式，支撑结构为可弯折结构。这样，可以调节贴覆并固定于其上的屏幕主体的曲率，以实现实像的显示面的曲率的调节。
一种可能的实现方式，支撑结构包括层叠设置的第一材料层和第二材料层，第一材料层的热膨胀系数与第二材料层的热膨胀系数不等，屏幕主体位于第一材料层背离第二材料层的一侧；扩散屏还包括温度调节装置，该温度调节结构用于调节支撑结构的温度。这样，采用温度调节装置可以改变支撑结构的温度，由于第一材料层的热膨胀系数与第二材料层的热膨胀系数不等，因此在调节支撑结构的温度的同时，会使得支撑结构的弯曲曲率产生一定的变化，由此使支撑结构可弯折。这样，便于实现支撑结构的曲率调节的自动化控制。
一种可能的实现方式，图像生成单元生成的实像的显示面为向图像生成单元的内部凹陷的凹弧面。
第二方面，本申请一些实施例提供一种显示系统，该显示系统包括反射显示窗和如上任一技术方案所述的显示装置，该显示装置的光学成像单元的像面朝向反射显示窗，以使用户能够由该反射显示窗观看到光学成像单元生成的放大的虚像。
由于本申请实施例提供的显示系统包括本申请实施例提供的显示装置，因此本申请实施例提供的显示系统与本申请实施例提供的显示装置能够解决相同的技术问题，并达到相同的 预期效果。
一种可能的实现方式，反射显示窗为驾驶舱的前端的风挡。
一种可能的实现方式，显示装置的图像生成单元生成的实像的显示面为向图像生成单元的内部凹陷的凹弧面，光学成像单元生成的虚像的显示面的圆心线沿反射显示窗的前后方向延伸。这样一来，用户在反射显示窗上看到的虚像的显示面的轮廓线为位于水平面且绕用户的周向延伸的弧线，这样，用户无需移动视线即可看到显示画面的边沿的图像信息，从而提高了视觉体验。
附图说明
图1为本申请一些实施例提供的显示系统的结构示意图；
图2为本申请又一些实施例提供的显示系统的结构示意图；
图3为本申请一些实施例提供的显示装置的结构示意图；
图4为本申请又一些实施例提供的显示装置的结构示意图；
图5为本申请一些实施例提供的显示装置的扩散屏的结构示意图；
图6为本申请又一些实施例提供的显示装置的扩散屏的结构示意图；
图7为本申请一些实施例提供的显示装置的投影装置的结构示意图；
图8为本申请又一些实施例提供的显示装置的结构示意图；
图9为本申请又一些实施例提供的显示系统的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
在本申请实施例中，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。
当前，在利用风挡、盥洗镜等反射显示窗来显示画面的显示系统中，显示在反射显示窗上的图像通常为平面图像，平面图像对用户的视觉感受影响不大，临场感和代入感较低，且在长时间使用后会出现视觉疲劳，舒适感较低。
为了解决上述问题，本申请提供一种显示系统，该显示系统包括但不限于驾驶舱风挡显示系统和盥洗室镜面显示系统。该显示系统包括显示装置和反射显示窗。显示装置用于生成图像。反射显示窗包括但不限于驾驶舱风挡和盥洗镜，反射显示窗用于将显示装置生成的成像光束反射至用户眼睛，以使用户能够由反射显示窗观看到显示装置生成的图像。
图1为本申请一些实施例提供的显示系统的结构示意图，该显示系统为驾驶舱风挡显示系统，具体地，该显示系统可以为汽车、飞机、列车等的驾驶舱风挡显示系统。如图1所示，该驾驶舱风挡显示系统包括设置于驾驶舱100的仪表台内的显示装置1和位于驾驶舱100的前端的风挡2。显示装置1用于生成图像，该图像可以显示行驶速度、发动机转速或者导航画面。风挡2为透明玻璃，驾驶舱100内的驾驶员能够透过风挡2观看到驾驶舱100外的环境状况，同时风挡2能够将显示装置1生成的成像光束反射至驾驶员眼睛，以使驾驶员能够由风挡2观看到显示装置1生成的图像。
图2为本申请又一些实施例提供的显示系统的结构示意图，该显示系统为盥洗室镜面显示系统，具体地，该显示系统可以为家庭或者公共盥洗室的镜面显示系统。如图2所示，该盥洗室镜面显示系统包括显示装置1和盥洗镜3。显示装置1用于生成图像，该图像可以显示时间、天气或者空气状况。盥洗镜3为平面反射镜，用户能够通过盥洗镜3整理仪容，同 时盥洗镜3能够将显示装置1生成的成像光束反射至用户眼睛，以使用户能够由盥洗镜3观看到显示装置1生成的图像。
本申请还提供一种显示装置，该显示装置为上述显示系统中的显示装置，该显示装置包括图像生成单元和光学成像单元。图像生成单元用于生成显示面为曲面的实像。光学成像单元用于对实像进行成像，以生成实像对应的放大的虚像，虚像的显示面为与该实像的显示面相适应的曲面。其中，光学成像单元可以为透射成像元件，也可以为反射成像元件，在此不做具体限定。
图3为本申请一些实施例提供的显示装置的结构示意图，该显示装置为图1所示驾驶舱风挡显示系统中显示装置1的一种示例。如图3所示，显示装置1包括图像生成单元11和光学成像单元12。图像生成单元11生成实像a，该实像a的显示面为曲面。光学成像单元12为透射成像元件，具体地，光学成像单元12为透镜组，该透镜组包括层叠设置的至少一个透镜，且该透镜组沿该至少一个透镜的层叠方向的一端端面朝向实像a的显示面。实像a产生的实像光射入光学成像单元12，并被光学成像单元12透射，由光学成像单元12透射后的光束为成像光束，在成像光束的反向延长线上形成该实像a对应的放大的虚像b。虚像b的显示面为与该实像a的显示面相适应的曲面。在将该显示装置1应用于图1所示驾驶舱风挡显示系统中时，光学成像单元12的像面121与风挡2的内表面相对。这样，成像光束射入风挡2的内表面，并被风挡2的内表面反射至驾驶员的眼睛。由此通过风挡2对放大的虚像b进行镜面成像，并在风挡2的外侧形成与虚像b等大的虚像c。这样，驾驶员能够由风挡2观看到该虚像c。需要说明的是，在此实施例中，为了在成像光束的反向延长线上形成放大的虚像b，图像生成单元11所生成的实像a上各点与光学成像单元12之间的距离需小于光学成像单元12的等效焦距。
这样一来，光学成像单元12位于图像生成单元11与风挡2之间，光学成像单元12仅透射射入的图像光束，透射后的成像光束的光轴与射入光学成像单元12的图像光束的光轴共线，因此，图像生成单元11与风挡2之间的光路没有发生转折，因此便于图像生成单元11、光学成像单元12和风挡2三者之间的相对位置确定。
光学成像单元12为透镜组，该透镜组可以包括一个透镜，也可以包括多个透镜，在此不做具体限定。图3仅示出了透镜组包括一个凸透镜的示例，并不对透镜组的具体结构构成限定。
需要说明的是，图像生成单元11生成的实像a的显示面可以为凹弧型曲面、凸弧型曲面、波浪形曲面等等，在此不做具体限定。图3仅给出了实像a的显示面为向图像生成单元11的内部凹陷的凹弧面的示例，并不对实像a的显示面的弯曲形状构成限定。
图像生成单元11可以为曲面显示屏，具体地，该曲面显示屏可以为曲面的液晶显示屏(liquid crystal display，LCD)、曲面的有机发光二极管(organic light emitting diode，OLED)显示屏或者曲面的微型发光二极管(micro light emitting diode，Micro-LED)显示屏等等，图像生成单元11也可以为带曲面显示屏的显示设备，比如手机、平板电脑等等，图像生成单元11还可以为包括曲面扩散屏的投影显示设备，在此不做具体限定。当图像生成单元11为曲面显示屏时，具体地，图像生成单元11可以为柔性曲面显示屏，柔性曲面显示屏可以改变弯曲曲率，因此便于实现实像a的显示面的曲率的调节。图3仅给出了图像生成单元11为柔性曲面显示屏的一种示例，并不对图像生成单元11的结构构成限定。
在图像生成单元11的另一示例中，如图4所示，图像生成单元11包括扩散屏111和投影装置112。扩散屏111的扩散面呈曲面，扩散屏111的扩散面为实像a的显示面。投影装置 112用于生成成像面与扩散屏111的扩散面相适应的图像光束，该图像光束投射至扩散屏111的扩散面，以形成实像a。此结构简单，容易实现。
在图4所示的实施例中，扩散屏111可以为透射显示型扩散屏，也可以为反射显示型扩散屏，在此不做具体限定。图4仅示出了扩散屏111为反射显示型扩散屏的示例，并不能认为对扩散屏111的结构构成限定。
扩散屏111可以为由扩散材料制作的一个结构件整体，也可以包括支撑结构和支撑于支撑结构上的柔性的扩散屏主体，在此不做具体限定。
图5为本申请一些实施例提供的显示装置的扩散屏的结构示意图。如图5所示，扩散屏111包括支撑结构1111和柔性的屏幕主体1112。支撑结构1111具有一定的硬度，支撑结构1111的材料包括但不限于塑料和金属，支撑结构1111呈曲面片状结构。屏幕主体1112贴覆并固定于支撑结构1111的表面上，扩散屏111的扩散面为屏幕主体1112的背离支撑结构1111的表面。由此通过支撑结构1111支撑屏幕主体1112，能够保证屏幕主体1112的平整性。
支撑结构1111可以为刚性结构，也可以为可弯折结构，在此不做具体限定。在一些实施例中，支撑结构1111为可弯折结构，这样，可以调节贴覆并固定于其上的屏幕主体1112的曲率，以实现实像a的显示面的曲率的调节。
为了使支撑结构1111可弯折，在一些实施例中，支撑结构1111由延展性材料制作，比如铜和铁，延展性材料具有一定的柔韧性，能够产生弯折。此结构简单，容易实现。
在另一些实施例中，如图6所示，支撑结构1111包括层叠设置的第一材料层1111a和第二材料层1111b。第一材料层1111a的热膨胀系数与第二材料层1111b的热膨胀系数不等。屏幕主体1112位于第一材料层1111a背离第二材料层1111b的一侧。扩散屏111还包括温度调节装置(图中未示出)，该温度调节装置包括但不限于加热装置和冷却装置，且该温度调节装置用于调节支撑结构1111的温度。这样，采用温度调节装置可以改变支撑结构1111的温度，由于第一材料层1111a的热膨胀系数与第二材料层1111b的热膨胀系数不等，因此在调节支撑结构1111的温度的同时，会使得支撑结构1111的弯曲曲率产生一定的变化，由此使支撑结构1111可弯折。这样，便于实现支撑结构1111的曲率调节的自动化控制。
第一材料层1111a的热膨胀系数可以大于第二材料层1111b的热膨胀系数，也可以小于第二材料层1111b的热膨胀系数，在此不做具体限定，只要第一材料层1111a的热膨胀系数与第二材料层1111b的热膨胀系数不等，且在温度调节装置的温度调节范围内，能够使得支撑结构1111的弯曲曲率得到有效调节即可。
为了使投影装置112生成成像面与扩散屏111的扩散面相适应的图像光束，图7为本申请一些实施例提供的显示装置的投影装置的结构示意图。如图7所示，投影装置112包括投影主机1121和空间光调制器1122。投影主机1121用于生成成像面为平面的图像光束。该投影主机1121的结构形式有多种，示例的，该投影主机1121可以包括激光光源和数字微镜器件(digital mirror device，DMD)1121a，激光光源向DMD 1121a发出照明光束，DMD 1121a基于该照明光束生成成像面为平面的图像光束。空间光调制器1122与投影主机1121的出光面相对，空间光调制器1122用于调节投影主机1121所生成的成像面为平面的图像光束中各个光线的相位，以生成成像面与扩散屏的扩散面相适应的图像光束。此结构简单，容易实现。
在上述实施例中，空间光调制器1122包括但不限于硅基液晶(liquid crystal on silicon，LCoS)空间光调制器和微机电系统(micro electro mechanical systems，MEMS)空间光调制器。
为了将投影主机1121生成的图像光束全部投射至空间光调制器1122，在一些实施例中， 如图7所示，投影主机1121与空间光调制器1122之间设有第一透镜1123，该第一透镜1123用于会聚投影主机1121生成的图像光束，以使该图像光束尽可能全部投射至空间光调制器1122，从而避免光路损失。
为了将空间光调制器1122调制后的图像光束全部投射至扩散屏上，在一些实施例中，如图7所示，空间光调制器1122的出光侧设有第二透镜1124，该第二透镜1124用于会聚空间光调制器1122调制后的图像光束，以使该图像光束尽可能全部投射至扩散屏，从而避免光路损失。
图8为本申请又一些实施例提供的显示装置的结构示意图，该显示装置为图1所示驾驶舱风挡显示系统中显示装置1的另一种示例。如图8所示，显示装置1包括图像生成单元11和光学成像单元12。图像生成单元11生成实像a，该实像a的显示面为曲面。光学成像单元12为反射成像元件，具体地，光学成像单元12为凹面反射镜，该凹面反射镜的反射凹面朝向实像a的显示面。实像a产生的实像光射入光学成像单元12，并被光学成像单元12反射，由光学成像单元12反射后的光束为成像光束，在成像光束的反向延长线上形成该实像a对应的放大的虚像b。虚像b的显示面为与该实像a的显示面相适应的曲面。在将该显示装置1应用于图1所示驾驶舱风挡显示系统中时，光学成像单元12的像面(也即是反射凹面)与风挡2的内表面相对。这样，成像光束射入风挡2的内表面，并被风挡2的内表面反射至驾驶员的眼睛。由此通过风挡2对放大的虚像b进行镜面成像，并在风挡2的外侧形成与虚像b等大的虚像c。这样，驾驶员能够由风挡2观看到该虚像c。需要说明的是，在此实施例中，为了在成像光束的反向延长线上形成放大的虚像b，图像生成单元11所生成的实像a上各点与光学成像单元12之间的距离需小于光学成像单元12的等效焦距。
这样一来，图像生成单元11生成的实像a的实像光经光学成像单元12反射转折一次后射入风挡2，图像生成单元11、光学成像单元12的排列方向与光学成像单元12、风挡2的排列方向呈一定夹角，有利于减小显示装置1在光学成像单元12、风挡2的排列方向上的尺寸。显示装置1在光学成像单元12、风挡2的排列方向上的尺寸也即是显示装置1在显示系统内的占用高度，因此有利于减小显示装置1在显示系统内的占用高度。
需要说明的是，图像生成单元11生成的实像a的显示面可以为凹弧型曲面、凸弧型曲面、波浪形曲面等等，在此不做具体限定。图8仅给出了实像a的显示面为向图像生成单元11的内部凹陷的凹弧面的示例，并不对实像a的显示面的弯曲形状构成限定。
在图8所示的实施例中，图像生成单元11可以与图3或图4所示实施例中的图像生成单元相同，在此不再赘述。
由于本申请提供的显示装置包括图像生成单元和光学成像单元，图像生成单元用于生成显示面为曲面的实像，光学成像单元用于对该实像进行成像，以生成该实像对应的放大的虚像，虚像的显示面为与该实像的显示面相适应的曲面，因此在将该显示装置应用于上述显示系统中时，显示装置的光学成像单元的像面与反射显示窗相对，光学成像单元的像面出射的成像光束射入反射显示窗，并被反射显示窗反射至用户眼睛，以使用户能够由反射显示窗观看到该光学成像单元生成的放大的虚像，由于该虚像的显示面为曲面，相比于平面图像，曲面图像能够带来更优的视觉体验，提高临场感和带入感。
由于本申请提供的显示系统包括本申请提供的显示装置，因此本申请提供的显示系统与本申请提供的显示装置能够解决相同的技术问题，并达到相同的预期效果。
在显示系统中，随着人们对大画面显示的追求，反射显示窗上显示的画面越来越大，用户在需要看到显示画面边沿的图像信息时，需要移动一定幅度的视线才能看到，因此视觉体 验较差，尤其是当该显示系统为驾驶舱风挡显示系统时，若驾驶员在驾驶过程中移动视线，将会大幅度降低驾驶的安全性，出现交通事故的概率大幅度上升。为了避免此问题，在一些实施例中，如图9所示，显示装置1的图像生成单元11生成的实像a的显示面为向图像生成单元11的内部凹陷的凹弧面，光学成像单元12生成的虚像b的显示面的圆心线O沿风挡2的前后方向延伸。这样一来，如图9所示，驾驶员在风挡2上看到的虚像c的显示面为围绕驾驶员的横向周围延伸的弧线，这样，驾驶员在驾驶过程中无需移动视线即可看到显示画面的边沿的图像信息，从而提高了驾驶的安全性，提高了视觉体验。
在本说明书的描述中，具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种显示装置，其特征在于，包括：
    图像生成单元，用于生成显示面为曲面的实像；
    光学成像单元，用于对所述实像进行成像，以生成所述实像对应的放大的虚像，所述虚像的显示面为与所述实像的显示面相适应的曲面。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述光学成像单元为凹面反射镜，所述凹面反射镜的反射凹面朝向所述实像的显示面。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述光学成像单元为透镜组，所述透镜组包括层叠设置的至少一个透镜，所述透镜组沿所述至少一个透镜的层叠方向的一端端面朝向所述实像的显示面。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述图像生成单元包括：
    扩散屏，所述扩散屏的扩散面呈曲面，所述扩散屏的扩散面为所述实像的显示面；
    投影装置，用于生成成像面与所述扩散屏的扩散面相适应的图像光束，所述图像光束投射至所述扩散屏的扩散面，以形成所述实像。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述投影装置包括：
    投影主机，用于生成成像面为平面的图像光束；
    空间光调制器，与所述投影主机的出光面相对，所述空间光调制器用于调节所述成像面为平面的图像光束中各个光线的相位，以生成成像面与所述扩散屏的扩散面相适应的图像光束。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述空间光调制器为硅上液晶空间光调制器或者微机电系统空间光调制器。
  7. 根据权利要求4-6中任一项所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述扩散屏包括：
    支撑结构，呈曲面片状结构；
    柔性的屏幕主体，贴覆并固定于所述支撑结构的表面上，所述扩散屏的扩散面为所述屏幕主体的背离所述支撑结构的表面。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述支撑结构为可弯折结构。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述支撑结构包括层叠设置的第一材料层和第二材料层，所述第一材料层的热膨胀系数与第二材料层的热膨胀系数不等，所述屏幕主体位于所述第一材料层背离所述第二材料层的一侧；
    所述扩散屏还包括：
    温度调节装置，用于调节所述支撑结构的温度。
  10. 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述图像生成单元为曲面显示屏或者带曲面显示屏的显示设备。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述图像生成单元为柔性曲面显示屏。
  12. 根据权利要求1-11中任一项所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述图像生成单元生成的实像的显示面为向所述图像生成单元的内部凹陷的凹弧面。
  13. 一种显示系统，其特征在于，包括：
    反射显示窗；
    权利要求1-12中任一项所述的显示装置，所述显示装置的光学成像单元的像面朝向所述反射显示窗，以使用户能够由所述反射显示窗观看到所述光学成像单元生成的放大的虚像。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的显示系统，其特征在于，所述反射显示窗为驾驶舱的前端的风挡。
  15. 根据权利要求13或14所述的显示系统，其特征在于，所述显示装置的图像生成单元生成的实像的显示面为向所述图像生成单元的内部凹陷的凹弧面，所述光学成像单元生成的虚像的显示面的圆心线沿所述反射显示窗的前后方向延伸。
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