WO2021227340A1 - 一种无动力自动清污海洋养殖网箱 - Google Patents

一种无动力自动清污海洋养殖网箱 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021227340A1
WO2021227340A1 PCT/CN2020/118695 CN2020118695W WO2021227340A1 WO 2021227340 A1 WO2021227340 A1 WO 2021227340A1 CN 2020118695 W CN2020118695 W CN 2020118695W WO 2021227340 A1 WO2021227340 A1 WO 2021227340A1
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Prior art keywords
tower
box body
brush roller
fixedly connected
fixed
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PCT/CN2020/118695
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
毕春伟
刘航飞
赵云鹏
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大连理工大学
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Priority claimed from CN202020755441.3U external-priority patent/CN212520443U/zh
Priority claimed from CN202010388044.1A external-priority patent/CN111345254A/zh
Application filed by 大连理工大学 filed Critical 大连理工大学
Publication of WO2021227340A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021227340A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/60—Floating cultivation devices, e.g. rafts or floating fish-farms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B9/00—Cleaning hollow articles by methods or apparatus specially adapted thereto 
    • B08B9/08—Cleaning containers, e.g. tanks
    • B08B9/087—Cleaning containers, e.g. tanks by methods involving the use of tools, e.g. brushes, scrapers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical fields of aquaculture engineering and marine engineering, in particular to a marine aquaculture equipment, in particular to a non-powered automatic pollution-cleaning marine aquaculture cage.
  • marine aquaculture in my country is mainly in shallow seas. Due to the multiple pressures of land-based pollution, coastal ecological environment and breeding space, marine aquaculture has become an inevitable trend towards deep sea and far shore development. The practice of developed countries in fisheries such as Norway has proved that the development of true deep-sea mariculture requires the support of large-scale fishery facilities and equipment.
  • my country is rich in marine space resources, but the seabeds of the Bohai Sea, the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea are basically on the continental shelf, and most of the sea areas that can be exploited are within 50 meters.
  • the applicable water depth of my country's far-reaching sea aquaculture equipment should not be too deep, and large-scale fixed aquaculture cage facilities are very suitable for my country's industrial needs.
  • the fixed aquaculture cage has strong wind and wave resistance, large aquaculture water body, and is easy to integrate automation and intelligent equipment, and has advantages in application and promotion.
  • the box body facilities mainly include a frame structure and a net clothing system.
  • the frame structure supports the entire box body, and the net clothing system encloses a closed breeding space.
  • As the box facilities are immersed in sea water all year round, shellfish, algae, and hydroid fouling organisms are easily attached to the frame and net.
  • the overall structure of the box is under water, which is difficult to clean.
  • the tank facilities are far away from the land-based, lack of energy supply, and maintenance mainly depends on manual labor. The workload of washing and changing nets is large, and the cycle is long, which is not conducive to the sustainable progress of breeding activities.
  • a non-powered automatic decontamination marine aquaculture cage is provided.
  • the structure of the cage can be automatically rotated under the load of the external marine environment, and the attached brush roller is driven to rotate through the transmission device to remove the frame structure.
  • the fouling attachments on the nets, and the box facility of the present invention has a large enough breeding space and structural safety, which can promote the development of my country's marine aquaculture industry to the deep sea and far shore, and serve the strategy of my country's marine power.
  • a non-powered automatic cleaning marine aquaculture net cage includes a horizontally arranged and cylindrical box body, a netting is installed on the outer surface of the box body, a central rotating shaft is fixed in the box body, and two of the central rotating shaft The ends respectively pass through the box body and are rotatably connected with the top ends of the towers respectively provided at both ends of the box body;
  • the box body is provided with a brush roller for cleaning the box body.
  • Both ends of the brush roller are fixedly connected to the top ends of the two towers through fixed supports, and both ends of the brush roller Are respectively connected to the fixed support in rotation;
  • the bottom end of the tower is fixedly connected to a plurality of pile foundations fixed on the seabed;
  • the two ends of the brush roller are respectively connected to the two ends of the central shaft through a transmission device;
  • the transmission device includes a gear I fixed on the brush roller, a gear II fixed on the central rotating shaft, and the gear I and the gear II are connected by a closed transmission chain.
  • the box body includes a plurality of longitudinal supports evenly arranged along the axial direction of the central rotating shaft, the longitudinal supports are ring-shaped, and the axis of the longitudinal supports coincides with the axis of the central rotating shaft.
  • the longitudinal support is fixed as a whole by a plurality of lateral supports evenly distributed around the central shaft, and the axis of the lateral support is parallel to the axis of the central shaft, and the lateral support passes through the central shaft.
  • a radial support uniformly distributed around the axis of the central shaft is fixedly connected.
  • the two ends of the central rotating shaft are respectively rotatably connected with the two ends of the tower through a slewing support turntable bearing fixedly installed at the top end of the tower.
  • the brush roller includes a roller shaft, a plurality of rows of brush filaments fixed on the roller shaft, and brush roller bearings installed at both ends of the roller shaft, and the roller shaft is connected to the roller shaft through the brush roller bearings.
  • the fixed support is rotatably connected, and the gear I is fixedly connected to the roller shaft.
  • the pile foundation includes four piles distributed in a rectangular shape, and the piles are fixed on the bottom of the sea, and the tops of the two adjacent piles are fixedly connected by a pile cap.
  • the two groups of piles are arranged diagonally
  • An inclined cap column is fixed between the two piles in one of the groups
  • the tower includes two tower uprights, a tower diagonal brace and a tower support rod, the two tower uprights
  • the bottom ends are respectively fixedly connected with the two ends of the diagonal support column, and the top ends of the two tower columns are fixedly connected;
  • the bottom of the tower diagonal brace is fixedly connected with the top of one of the two piles in the other group, and the top of the tower diagonal brace is fixedly connected with the top of the tower column, and One end of the tower support rod is fixedly connected to the top of the other of the two piles in the group, and the other end of the tower support rod is fixedly connected to the middle of the tower diagonal brace.
  • the central rotating shaft is lower than the sea surface, and the brush roller is higher than the sea surface.
  • the outer diameter of the gear I is smaller than the outer diameter of the gear II.
  • the box In use state: the box is used for marine aquaculture. Under the action of waves and currents, the box rotates around the axis of the central shaft. At this time, the brush roller rotates around its axis under the drive of the transmission chain. Then the brush roller cleans the box.
  • the present invention has the following advantages:
  • the non-powered automatic cleaning marine aquaculture net cage of the present invention has a steel structure as a whole and has strong wind and wave resistance; due to the fixed form of pile foundation, it can provide strong supporting force and is easy to integrate automatic equipment related to aquaculture production.
  • the tank of the present invention has a large aquaculture water body, which can reach more than 30,000 cubic meters; using the radial support inside the tank, the entire breeding space can be divided into cabins, which is convenient for classified breeding, management and catching.
  • the rotation of the box body is beneficial to buffer the marine environment load, reduce the stress on the structure of the facility, and improve the safety of the structure.
  • the box body rotates under the load of the external ocean environment, and different parts of the box body can be periodically rotated above the water surface, which is convenient for inspection and maintenance.
  • the box body drives the brush roller to rotate to scrub the biological fouling on the box body frame and net structure, which effectively solves the problem that the box body is under water and the fouling attachments are difficult to clean; and the cleaning process is completely realized Automated, no manual operation is required, and the operation efficiency is high.
  • the box body and the brush roller automatically rotate under the drive of ocean currents and waves, without additional power, which overcomes the problem of difficult energy supply for deep-sea aquaculture, and is environmentally friendly, pollution-free, and has a good prospect for promotion and application.
  • the present invention can be widely promoted in marine aquaculture and other fields.
  • Figure 1 is a three-dimensional view of a non-powered automatic cleaning marine aquaculture cage in a specific embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a front view of a non-powered automatic cleaning marine aquaculture cage in a specific embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a side view of a non-powered automatic cleaning marine aquaculture cage in a specific embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a top view of a non-powered automatic cleaning marine aquaculture cage in a specific embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the transmission device in the specific embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the automatic cleaning of the cabinet under the driving of sea waves in the specific embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the automatic cleaning of the tank under the driving of the ocean current in the specific embodiment of the present invention.
  • orientation words such as “front, back, up, down, left, right", “horizontal, vertical, vertical, horizontal” and “top, bottom”, etc. indicate the orientation Or positional relationship is usually based on the position or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these positional words do not indicate or imply the pointed device or element It must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, so it cannot be understood as a limitation of the protection scope of the present invention: the orientation word “inside and outside” refers to the inside and outside relative to the contour of each component itself.
  • spatial relative terms can be used here, such as “above”, “above”, “above the surface”, “above”, etc., to describe as shown in the figure Shows the spatial positional relationship between one device or feature and other devices or features. It should be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation of the device described in the figure. For example, if the device in the drawing is turned upside down, then a device described as “above other devices or structures” or “above other devices or structures” will then be positioned as “below the other devices or structures” or “on It's under the device or structure”. Thus, the exemplary term “above” may include both orientations “above” and “below”. The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated by 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the relative description of the space used here shall be explained accordingly.
  • a non-powered automatic cleaning marine aquaculture net cage includes a horizontally arranged and cylindrical box body 2 with a length of 100m and a diameter of 20m.
  • the outer surface of the box body 2 is installed There is a net 17, the diameter of the net 17 is 2mm, and the size of the eye foot is 20mm.
  • the box 2 is fixed with a central rotating shaft 16, and both ends of the central rotating shaft 16 penetrate the box 2 respectively. It is rotatably connected with the top end of the tower 3 respectively arranged at both ends of the box body 2; the tower 3 is 40m high;
  • a brush roller 1 for cleaning the box body 2. Both ends of the brush roller 1 are fixedly connected to the top ends of the two towers 3 through fixed supports 9 respectively, and the The two ends of the brush roller 1 are respectively rotatably connected with the fixed support 9; the fixed support 9 has a diameter of 1m and a wall thickness of 5cm, and the bottom end of the tower 3 is fixedly connected with a plurality of pile foundations 4 fixed on the seabed ;
  • the two ends of the brush roller 1 are respectively connected to the two ends of the central shaft 16 through a transmission device 7;
  • the transmission device 7 includes a gear I20 fixed on the brush roller 1 and a gear II24 fixed on the central rotating shaft, and the gear I20 and the gear II24 are connected by a closed transmission chain 21.
  • the diameter of the gear I20 is 1m
  • the diameter of the gear II24 is 5m, that is, the box body 2 rotates once, and the brush roller 1 can rotate 5 times.
  • the box body 2 includes a plurality of longitudinal supports 19 evenly arranged along the axial direction of the central shaft 16, the longitudinal supports 19 are ring-shaped, and the axis of the longitudinal supports 19 is the same as the central shaft 16
  • the axes of the plurality of longitudinal supports 19 are fixed as a whole by a plurality of transverse supports 18 evenly distributed around the central shaft 16, and the axis of the transverse support 18 is parallel to the axis of the central shaft 16, the The lateral support 18 and the central shaft 16 are fixedly connected by a plurality of radial supports 14 evenly distributed around the axis of the central shaft 16.
  • the diameter of the transverse support 18, the longitudinal support 19 and the radial support 14 is 1 m, and the wall thickness is 3 cm; the diameter of the central shaft 16 is 2.5 m, and the wall thickness is 6 cm;
  • the two ends of the central rotating shaft 16 are respectively rotatably connected to the two ends of the tower 3 through a slewing support turntable bearing 15 fixedly installed at the top end of the tower 3.
  • the brush roller 1 includes a roller shaft 6, a plurality of rows of brush filaments 5 fixed on the roller shaft 6, and brush roller bearings 8 installed at both ends of the roller shaft 6, the roller shaft 6 passing through
  • the brush roller bearing 8 is rotatably connected with the fixed support 9, and the gear I20 is fixedly connected with the roller shaft 6.
  • the roller shaft 6 has a diameter of 1 m and a wall thickness of 3 cm; the brush filament 5 is made of wear-resistant nylon filament, and its length is 1 m.
  • the pile foundation 4 includes four piles 13 distributed in a rectangular shape, and the piles 13 are fixed on the seabed, and the tops of the two adjacent piles 13 are fixedly connected by the pile caps 12, and the two groups are diagonal.
  • a sloping cap column 23 is fixed between two piles 13 in one group of the piles 13 arranged in a line.
  • the tower 3 includes two tower uprights 10, a tower diagonal brace 11, and a tower. Support rod 22, the bottom ends of the two tower columns 10 are respectively fixedly connected to the two ends of the diagonal support column 23, and the top ends of the two tower columns 10 are fixedly connected;
  • the bottom of the tower diagonal brace 11 is fixedly connected to the top of one of the two piles 13 in the other group, and the top of the tower diagonal brace 11 is connected to the top of the tower column 10
  • the top end is fixedly connected, and one end of the tower support rod 22 is fixedly connected to the top of the other one of the two piles 13 in the group, and the other end of the tower support rod 22 is connected to the tower
  • the middle part of the diagonal brace 11 is fixedly connected.
  • the central rotating shaft 16 is lower than the sea surface, and the brush roller 1 is higher than the sea surface.
  • the diameter of the tower column 10 is 2m and the wall thickness is 5cm; the diameter of the tower diagonal brace 11 and the tower support rod 22 are both 1m, and the wall thickness is 3cm.
  • the diameters of the cap pillar 12, the inclined cap pillar 23, and the pile pillar 13 are all 2m, and the wall thickness is all 5cm, which meets the rigidity and strength requirements of the actual project.

Abstract

一种无动力自动清污海洋养殖网箱，包括水平设置箱体(2)，所述箱体(2)内固定有中心转轴(16)，所述中心转轴(16)的两端与设置在所述箱体(2)两端的塔架(3)的顶端转动连接；所述箱体(2)的上方设有用于清洁箱体(2)的毛刷辊(1)，所述毛刷辊(1)的两端分别通过固定支撑(9)与两个所述塔架(3)的顶端固定连接，且所述毛刷辊(1)的两端分别与所述固定支撑(9)转动连接；所述毛刷辊(1)的两端分别通过传动装置(7)与所述中心转轴(16)的两端连接。所述箱体(2)在外界海洋环境荷载作用下发生转动，箱体(2)的不同部位，可以周期性地转动到水面以上，便于检修和维护。箱体(2)带动毛刷辊(1)转动，对箱体(2)框架及网衣(17)结构上的生物污损进行刷洗，无需提供额外动力，并且清污过程完全实现自动化，无需人工操作，运行效率高。

Description

一种无动力自动清污海洋养殖网箱 技术领域
本发明涉及水产养殖工程和海洋工程技术领域，具体而言是一种海洋养殖装备，尤其涉及一种无动力自动清污海洋养殖网箱。
背景技术
目前，我国海洋养殖主要为近浅海养殖，由于陆源污染、近海生态环境和养殖空间的多重压力，海洋养殖向深海远岸发展已成为必然趋势。通过挪威等渔业发达国家的实践证明，要发展真正的深远海海水养殖，离不开大型渔业设施装备的支撑。
我国海洋空间资源丰富，但渤海、黄海和东海的海底基本处于大陆架上，大部分可开发利用的海域均在50米以内。考虑我国海况环境的这一特殊性，我国深远海养殖装备的适用水深不宜过深，大型固定式养殖网箱设施则非常适合我国的产业需求。固定式养殖网箱抗风浪能力强、养殖水体大，并且易于集成自动化、智能化设备，在应用和推广方面具有优势。
箱体设施主要包括框架结构和网衣系统，框架结构对整个箱体起支撑作用，网衣系统围成封闭的养殖空间。由于箱体设施常年浸泡在海水中，框架和网衣上容易附着贝类、藻类、水螅虫类污损生物。箱体整体结构在水下，难于清洗。箱体设施远离陆基，缺乏能源供应，维护主要依靠人工，洗网、换网工作量大，周期长，不利于养殖活动的可持续进行。生物附着不仅增大箱体结构受力，对结构安全不利；还会堵塞网孔，降低水体交换速率，影响养殖鱼类的存活。因此，急需发明一种易于清洗污损附着物的海洋养殖设施。
发明内容
根据上述技术问题，而提供一种无动力自动清污海洋养殖网箱，箱体结构可在外界海洋环境荷载作用下自动转动，并通过传动装置，带动附属的毛刷辊转动，以清除框架结构和网衣上的污损附着物，并且本发明箱体设施具有足够大的养殖空间、结构安全，可助推我国海洋养殖产业向深海远岸发展，服务于我国海洋强国战略。
本发明采用的技术手段如下：
一种无动力自动清污海洋养殖网箱，包括水平设置且呈圆柱形的箱体，所述箱体的外表面安装有网衣，所述箱体内固定有中心转轴，所述中心转轴的两端分别穿出所述箱体，并与分别设置在所述箱体两端的塔架的顶端转动连接；
所述箱体的上方设有用于清洁箱体的毛刷辊，所述毛刷辊的两端分别通过固定支撑与两个所述塔架的顶端固定连接，且所述毛刷辊的两端分别与所述固定支撑转动连接；所述塔架的底端与多个固定在海底的桩基固定连接；
所述毛刷辊的两端分别通过传动装置与所述中心转轴的两端连接；
所述传动装置包括固定在所述毛刷辊上的齿轮Ⅰ、固定在所述中心转轴上的齿轮Ⅱ，且所述齿轮Ⅰ和齿轮Ⅱ通过闭合的传动链条连接。
进一步地，所述箱体包括多个沿所述中心转轴的轴线方向均匀排布的纵向支撑，所述纵向支撑呈环形，且所述纵向支撑的轴线与所述中心转轴的轴线重合，多个所述纵向支撑通过多个围绕所述中心转轴均匀分布的横向支撑固定为一体，且所述横向支撑的轴线与所述中心转轴的轴线平行，所述横向支撑与所述中心转轴之间通过多个围绕所述中心转轴的轴线均匀分布的径向支撑固定连接。
进一步地，所述中心转轴的两端分别通过固定安装在所述塔架顶端的回转支承转盘轴承与所述塔架的两端转动连接。
进一步地，所述毛刷辊包括辊轴、固定在所述辊轴上的多排刷丝和安装在所述辊轴两端的毛刷辊轴承，所述辊轴通过所述毛刷辊轴承与所述固定支撑转动连接，且所述齿轮Ⅰ与所述辊轴固定连接。
进一步地，所述桩基包括四个呈矩形分布的桩柱，且所述桩柱固定在海底，相临两个桩柱的顶部通过承台柱固定连接，两组呈对角线设置的桩柱中的其中一组中的两个桩柱之间固定有斜承台柱，所述塔架包括两个塔架立柱、一个塔架斜撑和一个塔架支撑杆，两个所述塔架立柱的底端分别与所述斜撑台柱的两端固定连接，且两个塔架立柱的顶端固定连接；
所述塔架斜撑的底部与另外一组中的两个桩柱中的其中一个桩柱的顶部固定连接，且所述塔架斜撑的顶部与所述塔架立柱的顶端固定连接，且所述 塔架支撑杆的一端与此组中的两个桩柱中的另外一个桩柱的顶部固定连接，所述塔架支撑杆的另一端与所述塔架斜撑的中部固定连接。
所述中心转轴低于海面，且所述毛刷辊高于海面。
所述齿轮Ⅰ的外径小于所述齿轮Ⅱ的外径。
使用状态下：箱体用于海洋养殖，在海浪和海流的作用下，所述箱体围绕所述中心转轴的轴线转动，此时在传动链条的带动下所述毛刷辊围绕其轴线转动，进而毛刷辊清洗箱体。
较现有技术相比，本发明具有以下优点：
1、本发明无动力自动清污海洋养殖网箱，整体为钢结构，抗风浪能力强；因采用桩基固定形式，可提供强大的支撑力，易于集成养殖生产相关的自动化设备。
2、本发明箱体养殖水体大，可达3万立方米以上；利用箱体内部的径向支撑，可将整个养殖空间进行分舱，便于分类养殖、管理和起捕。
3、箱体的转动有利于缓冲海洋环境荷载，降低设施结构受力，提升结构安全性。
4、箱体在外界海洋环境荷载作用下发生转动，箱体的不同部位，可以周期性地转动到水面以上，便于检修和维护。箱体带动毛刷辊转动，对箱体框架及网衣结构上的生物污损进行刷洗，有效解决了箱体箱体位于水下，污损附着物难于清理的难题；并且清污过程完全实现自动化，无需人工操作，运行效率高。
5、箱体和毛刷辊在海流和海浪的驱动下自动转动，无需额外提供动力，克服了深远海养殖能源供应困难的问题，并且绿色环保、无污染，具有良好的推广应用前景。
基于上述理由本发明可在海洋养殖等领域广泛推广。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图做以简单地介绍，显而易见地，下 面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明具体实施方式中一种无动力自动清污海洋养殖网箱三维视图。
图2为本发明具体实施方式中一种无动力自动清污海洋养殖网箱主视图。
图3为本发明具体实施方式中一种无动力自动清污海洋养殖网箱侧视图。
图4为本发明具体实施方式中一种无动力自动清污海洋养殖网箱俯视图。
图5为本发明具体实施方式中传动装置结构示意图。
图6为本发明具体实施方式中海浪驱动下箱体自动清污示意图。
图7为本发明具体实施方式中海流驱动下箱体自动清污示意图。
图中：1、毛刷辊；2、箱体；3、塔架；4、桩基；5、刷丝；6、辊轴；7、传动装置；8、毛刷辊轴承；9、固定支撑；10、塔架立柱；11、塔架斜撑；12、承台柱；13、桩柱；14、径向支撑；15、回转支撑转盘轴承；16、中心转轴；17、网衣；18、横向支撑；19、纵向支撑；20、齿轮Ⅰ；21、传动链条；22、塔架支撑杆；23、斜承台柱；24、齿轮Ⅱ。
具体实施方式
需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本发明中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。下面将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本发明。
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。以下对至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅仅是说明性的，决不作为对本发明及其应用或使用的任何限制。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
需要注意的是，这里所使用的术语仅是为了描述具体实施方式，而非意图限制根据本发明的示例性实施方式。如在这里所使用的，除非上下文另外明确指出，否则单数形式也意图包括复数形式，此外，还应当理解的是，当在本说明书中使用术语“包含”和/或“包括”时，其指明存在特征、步骤、操作、器件、组件和/或它们的组合。
除非另外具体说明，否则在这些实施例中阐述的部件和步骤的相对布置、数字表达式和数值不限制本发明的范围。同时，应当清楚，为了便于描述，附图中所示出的各个部分的尺寸并不是按照实际的比例关系绘制的。对于相关领域普通技术人员己知的技术、方法和设备可能不作详细讨论，但在适当情况下，所述技术、方法和设备应当被视为授权说明书的一部分。在这里示出和讨论的所有示例中，任向具体值应被解释为仅仅是示例性的，而不是作为限制。因此，示例性实施例的其它示例可以具有不同的值。应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步讨论。
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，方位词如“前、后、上、下、左、右”、“横向、竖向、垂直、水平”和“顶、底”等所指示的方位或位置关系通常是基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，在未作相反说明的情况下，这些方位词并不指示和暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位或者以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明保护范围的限制：方位词“内、外”是指相对于各部件本身的轮廓的内外。
为了便于描述，在这里可以使用空间相对术语，如“在……之上”、“在……上方”、“在……上表面”、“上面的”等，用来描述如在图中所示的一个器件或特征与其他器件或特征的空间位置关系。应当理解的是，空间相对术语旨在包含除了器件在图中所描述的方位之外的在使用或操作中的不同方位。例如，如果附图中的器件被倒置，则描述为“在其他器件或构造上方”或“在其他器件或构造之上”的器件之后将被定位为“在其他器件或构造下方”或“在其位器件或构造之下”。因而，示例性术语“在……上方”可以包括“在……上方”和“在……下方”两种方位。该器件也可以其他不同方式定位(旋转90度或处于其他方位)，并且对这里所使用的空间相 对描述作出相应解释。
此外，需要说明的是，使用“第一”、“第二”等词语来限定零部件，仅仅是为了便于对相应零部件进行区别，如没有另行声明，上述词语并没有特殊含义，因此不能理解为对本发明保护范围的限制。
如图1～7所示，一种无动力自动清污海洋养殖网箱，包括水平设置且呈圆柱形的箱体2，其长为100m，直径为20m，所述箱体2的外表面安装有网衣17，所述网衣17的直径为2mm，目脚大小为20mm，所述箱体2内固定有中心转轴16，所述中心转轴16的两端分别穿出所述箱体2，并与分别设置在所述箱体2两端的塔架3的顶端转动连接；塔架3高40m；
所述箱体2的上方设有用于清洁箱体2的毛刷辊1，所述毛刷辊1的两端分别通过固定支撑9与两个所述塔架3的顶端固定连接，且所述毛刷辊1的两端分别与所述固定支撑9转动连接；所述固定支撑9的直径1m，壁厚5cm，所述塔架3的底端与多个固定在海底的桩基4固定连接；
所述毛刷辊1的两端分别通过传动装置7与所述中心转轴16的两端连接；
所述传动装置7包括固定在所述毛刷辊1上的齿轮Ⅰ20、固定在所述中心转轴上的齿轮Ⅱ24，且所述齿轮Ⅰ20和齿轮Ⅱ24通过闭合的传动链条21连接。所述齿轮Ⅰ20的直径为1m，所述齿轮Ⅱ24的直径为5m，即箱体2转动一圈，毛刷辊1可转动5圈。
进一步地，所述箱体2包括多个沿所述中心转轴16的轴线方向均匀排布的纵向支撑19，所述纵向支撑19呈环形，且所述纵向支撑19的轴线与所述中心转轴16的轴线重合，多个所述纵向支撑19通过多个围绕所述中心转轴16均匀分布的横向支撑18固定为一体，且所述横向支撑18的轴线与所述中心转轴16的轴线平行，所述横向支撑18与所述中心转轴16之间通过多个围绕所述中心转轴16的轴线均匀分布的径向支撑14固定连接。其中所述横向支撑18、纵向支撑19和径向支撑14的直径为1m，壁厚为3cm；所述中心转轴16的直径为2.5m，壁厚为6cm；
所述中心转轴16的两端分别通过固定安装在所述塔架3顶端的回转支承转盘轴承15与所述塔架3的两端转动连接。
进一步地，所述毛刷辊1包括辊轴6、固定在所述辊轴6上的多排刷丝5和安装在所述辊轴6两端的毛刷辊轴承8，所述辊轴6通过所述毛刷辊轴承8与所述固定支撑9转动连接，且所述齿轮Ⅰ20与所述辊轴6固定连接。所述辊轴6的直径1m，壁厚3cm；所述刷丝5的材质为耐磨尼龙丝，其长度为1m。
进一步地，所述桩基4包括四个呈矩形分布的桩柱13，且所述桩柱13固定在海底，相临两个桩柱13的顶部通过承台柱12固定连接，两组呈对角线设置的桩柱13中的其中一组中的两个桩柱13之间固定有斜承台柱23，所述塔架3包括两个塔架立柱10、一个塔架斜撑11和一个塔架支撑杆22，两个所述塔架立柱10的底端分别与所述斜撑台柱23的两端固定连接，且两个塔架立柱10的顶端固定连接；
所述塔架斜撑11的底部与另外一组中的两个桩柱13中的其中一个桩柱13的顶部固定连接，且所述塔架斜撑11的顶部与所述塔架立柱10的顶端固定连接，且所述塔架支撑杆22的一端与此组中的两个桩柱13中的另外一个桩柱13的顶部固定连接，所述塔架支撑杆22的另一端与所述塔架斜撑11的中部固定连接。
所述中心转轴16低于海面，且所述毛刷辊1高于海面。
塔架立柱10的直径为2m，壁厚为5cm；塔架斜撑11和塔架支撑杆22的直径均为1m，壁厚均为3cm。所述承台柱12、所述斜承台柱23和所述桩柱13的直径均为2m，壁厚均为5cm，满足实际工程的刚度和强度要求。
本实施例假设海浪由左向右传播(如图6所示)，在海浪作用下箱体2产生顺时针转动，从而带动毛刷辊1发生顺时针转动，而刷丝5与箱体2顶部发生的是相对运动，实现对箱体2进行清污作业；
本实施例假设海流流向为自左向右(如图7所示)，在海流作用下箱体2产生逆时针转动，从而带动毛刷辊1发生逆时针转动，同样地，刷丝5与箱体2顶部发生的是相对运动，实现对箱体2进行清污作业。
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修 改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种无动力自动清污海洋养殖网箱，其特征在于，包括水平设置且呈圆柱形的箱体，所述箱体的外表面安装有网衣，所述箱体内固定有中心转轴，所述中心转轴的两端分别穿出所述箱体，并与分别设置在所述箱体两端的塔架的顶端转动连接；
    所述箱体的上方设有用于清洁箱体的毛刷辊，所述毛刷辊的两端分别通过固定支撑与两个所述塔架的顶端固定连接，且所述毛刷辊的两端分别与所述固定支撑转动连接；所述塔架的底端与多个固定在海底的桩基固定连接；
    所述毛刷辊的两端分别通过传动装置与所述中心转轴的两端连接；
    所述传动装置包括固定在所述毛刷辊上的齿轮Ⅰ、固定在所述中心转轴上的齿轮Ⅱ，且所述齿轮Ⅰ和齿轮Ⅱ通过闭合的传动链条连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种无动力自动清污海洋养殖网箱，其特征在于，所述箱体包括多个沿所述中心转轴的轴线方向均匀排布的纵向支撑，所述纵向支撑呈环形，且所述纵向支撑的轴线与所述中心转轴的轴线重合，多个所述纵向支撑通过多个围绕所述中心转轴均匀分布的横向支撑固定为一体，且所述横向支撑的轴线与所述中心转轴的轴线平行，所述横向支撑与所述中心转轴之间通过多个围绕所述中心转轴的轴线均匀分布的径向支撑固定连接。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种无动力自动清污海洋养殖网箱，其特征在于，所述中心转轴的两端分别通过固定安装在所述塔架顶端的回转支承转盘轴承与所述塔架的两端转动连接。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种无动力自动清污海洋养殖网箱，其特征在于，所述毛刷辊包括辊轴、固定在所述辊轴上的多排刷丝和安装在所述辊轴两端的毛刷辊轴承，所述辊轴通过所述毛刷辊轴承与所述固定支撑转动连接，且所述齿轮Ⅰ与所述辊轴固定连接。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种无动力自动清污海洋养殖网箱，其特征在于，所述桩基包括四个呈矩形分布的桩柱，且所述桩柱固定在海底，相临两个桩柱的顶部通过承台柱固定连接，两组呈对角线设置的桩柱中的其中一组中的两个桩柱之间固定有斜承台柱，所述塔架包括两个塔架立柱、一个塔 架斜撑和一个塔架支撑杆，两个所述塔架立柱的底端分别与所述斜撑台柱的两端固定连接，且两个塔架立柱的顶端固定连接；
    所述塔架斜撑的底部与另外一组中的两个桩柱中的其中一个桩柱的顶部固定连接，且所述塔架斜撑的顶部与所述塔架立柱的顶端固定连接，且所述塔架支撑杆的一端与此组中的两个桩柱中的另外一个桩柱的顶部固定连接，所述塔架支撑杆的另一端与所述塔架斜撑的中部固定连接。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种无动力自动清污海洋养殖网箱，其特征在于，所述中心转轴低于海面，且所述毛刷辊高于海面。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种无动力自动清污海洋养殖网箱，其特征在于，所述齿轮Ⅰ的外径小于所述齿轮Ⅱ的外径。
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CN114145250A (zh) * 2021-11-30 2022-03-08 胡仁红 一种可全方位清洁的养殖网箱及清洗方法
CN114916484A (zh) * 2022-07-04 2022-08-19 湖北海洋工程装备研究院有限公司 养殖网箱
CN115474570A (zh) * 2022-09-16 2022-12-16 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所 一种海水养殖网箱网衣网底结构、包含该网底结构的网衣及该网衣的起网方法
CN116140312A (zh) * 2023-04-24 2023-05-23 莱州明波水产有限公司 水产养殖用网箱杂物清理装置
CN116140312B (zh) * 2023-04-24 2023-06-20 莱州明波水产有限公司 水产养殖用网箱杂物清理装置

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