WO2021217324A1 - 消毒剂组合物、其制备方法和用途 - Google Patents

消毒剂组合物、其制备方法和用途 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021217324A1
WO2021217324A1 PCT/CN2020/087169 CN2020087169W WO2021217324A1 WO 2021217324 A1 WO2021217324 A1 WO 2021217324A1 CN 2020087169 W CN2020087169 W CN 2020087169W WO 2021217324 A1 WO2021217324 A1 WO 2021217324A1
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Prior art keywords
disinfectant composition
content
zinc
acid
borneol
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PCT/CN2020/087169
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李科
童永光
刘凯
杨翠霞
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陕西高源体外诊断试剂有限公司
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Application filed by 陕西高源体外诊断试剂有限公司 filed Critical 陕西高源体外诊断试剂有限公司
Priority to CN202080021892.7A priority Critical patent/CN113631155A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2020/087169 priority patent/WO2021217324A1/zh
Publication of WO2021217324A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021217324A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
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    • A61K31/045—Hydroxy compounds, e.g. alcohols; Salts thereof, e.g. alcoholates
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
    • A01N25/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing liquids as carriers, diluents or solvents
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A01N31/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic oxygen or sulfur compounds
    • A01N31/02—Acyclic compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A01N31/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic oxygen or sulfur compounds
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
    • A01N37/02—Saturated carboxylic acids or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
    • A01N37/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids
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    • A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
    • A01P1/00—Disinfectants; Antimicrobial compounds or mixtures thereof
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    • A61K31/19—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid
    • A61K31/194—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having two or more carboxyl groups, e.g. succinic, maleic or phthalic acid
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    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/40—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. sulpiride, succinimide, tolmetin, buflomedil
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    • A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
    • A61K47/08—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite containing oxygen, e.g. ethers, acetals, ketones, quinones, aldehydes, peroxides
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Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of disinfectants, in particular to an alcohol-based virucidal disinfectant for animate and inanimate surfaces and a preparation method thereof.
  • disinfectants have become more and more important: in the medical field, such as in hospitals or medical practice, as well as in the food and pharmaceutical industries or in places with heavy public transportation, such as in swimming pools or public toilets. Frequent use of disinfectants regularly can protect humans and animals from pathogens such as bacteria, fungi or viruses, and can greatly limit the spread of pathogens. At the same time, this is especially important for upcoming epidemics.
  • Disinfection is one of the important means to prevent and control viral diseases.
  • the inventor invented a disinfectant for the surface of animate or inanimate objects, especially a disinfectant for viruses.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a virus disinfectant and a preparation method thereof, which can be applied to the surface disinfection of various inanimate objects, and can also be applied to skin disinfection, and is effective against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, and aeruginosa.
  • Pseudomonas, poliovirus, adenovirus, norovirus, polyoma virus, etc. have a killing effect, meet strict disinfection requirements, and have no skin irritation.
  • the present invention provides a disinfectant composition, which comprises in mass percentage:
  • the balance is water, preferably deionized water.
  • the ethanol content may be 65%-80%.
  • the isopropanol content can be 5%-7%.
  • the urea content may be 1%-2%.
  • the borneol content may be 0.2%-1%.
  • the zinc salt content may be 0.1%-0.5%.
  • the disinfectant composition further includes a moisturizing emollient.
  • the disinfectant composition contains 0.05%-30% moisturizing emollient.
  • the disinfectant composition further includes a fragrance.
  • the disinfectant composition contains 0.05% to 1% fragrance.
  • the disinfectant composition further comprises a thickening agent.
  • the disinfectant composition contains 0.05%-10% thickener.
  • the organic acid is selected from citric acid, salicylic acid, acetic acid, and lactic acid.
  • the disinfectant composition contains 0.5%-2% citric acid. In one embodiment, the disinfectant composition contains 1-5% lactic acid.
  • borneol is selected from the group consisting of L-borneol, dextroborneol, and isoborneol.
  • borneol is L-borneol.
  • the zinc salt is selected from zinc gluconate, zinc pyrrolidone carboxylate, zinc citrate, zinc acetate, zinc lactate, zinc chloride, and zinc sulfate.
  • the zinc salt is zinc pyrrolidone carboxylate.
  • the moisturizing emollient is selected from glycerol, oleic acid, vitamin E, and isopropyl myristate.
  • the moisturizing emollient is oleic acid or glycerol, vitamin E, and isopropyl myristate.
  • the oleic acid content is 0.1-1%. In one embodiment, the glycerol content is 1%-25%. In one embodiment, the vitamin E content is 0.1%-1%. In one embodiment, the content of isopropyl myristate is 0.1%-2%.
  • the fragrance includes a herbal fragrance.
  • the herbal flavor is eucalyptol.
  • the content of eucalyptol is 0.1%-0.5%.
  • the thickener is selected from polyethylene glycol, triethyl citrate and polysaccharides.
  • the content of polyethylene glycol is 1-5%. In one embodiment, the polysaccharide content is 0.05%-10%.
  • the polyethylene glycol is polyethylene glycol 200.
  • the polysaccharide is selected from agarose, dextran, cellulose sulfate, chitosan, heparin, and hyaluronic acid.
  • the polysaccharide is chitosan.
  • the disinfectant composition further comprises benzophenone-4.
  • the disinfectant composition contains 0.1%-1.5%, preferably 0.5% benzophenone-4.
  • the present invention provides a method of preparing the disinfectant composition of the present invention, which comprises:
  • step (b) further includes adding moisturizing emollients, fragrances, thickeners, and/or benzophenone-4 to the solution of (a).
  • the present invention provides that the disinfectant composition of the present invention is used for skin disinfection, especially for the disinfection of hygienic and surgical hands, or for killing bacteria, fungi and bacteria on living and inanimate surfaces.
  • the purpose of the virus is not limited to skin disinfection, especially for the disinfection of hygienic and surgical hands, or for killing bacteria, fungi and bacteria on living and inanimate surfaces. The purpose of the virus.
  • the disinfectant composition comprises by mass percentage:
  • the rest is water, preferably deionized water.
  • the disinfectant composition comprises by mass percentage:
  • the rest is water, preferably deionized water.
  • the disinfectant composition is used to disinfect the surface of an object.
  • the present invention provides a method of preparing a disinfectant composition, which comprises:
  • each step is performed under normal pressure, and the temperature is controlled at 20 ⁇ 2°C during the stirring process.
  • the moisturizing emollient is oleic acid; the thickening agent is selected from polyethylene glycol and triethyl citrate.
  • a method of preparing a disinfectant composition which includes:
  • each step of the method is carried out under normal pressure, and the temperature is controlled at 20-40°C during the stirring process.
  • the disinfectant composition according to the present invention or the disinfectant composition prepared according to the method of the present invention is used for skin disinfection, especially the disinfection of sanitary and surgical hands, and can effectively treat Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans Candida, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, poliovirus, adenovirus, norovirus, polyoma virus, etc. play a killing effect, meet strict disinfection requirements, and have no skin irritation.
  • the disinfectant composition according to the present invention can be prepared as a kit.
  • the disinfectant composition of the present invention has a bactericidal effect on bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. As demonstrated in the examples, the disinfectant composition of the present invention has an effective bactericidal logarithmic value, that is, a value greater than 5.0.
  • the disinfectant composition of the present invention has a virucidal effect on viruses, especially non-enveloped viruses, such as polio virus, adenovirus, norovirus and polyoma virus. As demonstrated in the examples, the disinfectant composition of the present invention has an effective logarithmic value of virus inactivation for non-enveloped viruses, that is, the logarithmic value of inactivation is ⁇ 4.00.
  • Adding emollient, moisturizing and/or sunscreen ingredients to the composition of the present application does not affect the disinfection performance of the composition. By adding these ingredients, irritation to the skin, especially hands, during single or multiple use can be avoided, as demonstrated in the examples.
  • the present invention has discovered that when the components of the composition of the present invention are added in any order, precipitation is likely to occur and form a suspension solution. On the contrary, when ethanol and isopropanol are added first, and then other ingredients are added, a colorless, clear and transparent liquid can be obtained, which can effectively perform the functions of each component.
  • the components of the composition of the present invention can have a synergistic effect with each other.
  • one component of the composition can promote the sterilization or virus inactivation effect of other components.
  • the prior art shows that the ingredient does not have the ability to sterilize in a short time and is not suitable for hand disinfectants.
  • the present invention shows that it can synergize with other components in the composition to inactivate the virus in a short time (1 minute), making the composition suitable as a hand sanitizer.
  • Alcohol disinfectants have a long history and occupy an important position in the disinfection of medical institutions. They are moderately effective disinfectants and are mainly used for skin disinfection. Commonly used varieties are mainly ethanol, propanol and isopropanol, and larger alcohols such as phenoxyethanol and certain plant alcohols have been added to the ranks of disinfection products. Due to the good synergistic effects of alcohols and other bactericidal factors, compound alcohol disinfectants have been rapidly developed in recent years and are used in skin and hand disinfection.
  • Skin disinfection generally requires the killing of bacteria and/or viruses in a short time (for example, 1 minute). Although there are a large number of substances with killing properties for bacteria and/or viruses in the prior art, these substances cannot satisfy the effect of killing bacteria and/or viruses in a short time.
  • the alcohol disinfectant composition of the present invention may contain ethanol, isopropanol, urea, organic acid, borneol, and zinc salt.
  • the molecular formula of ethanol is CH 3 CH 2 OH, and the relative molecular mass is 46.07. It is a colorless, transparent liquid and volatile; it is the most common, and also the most common and most familiar disinfectant.
  • alcohol-based hand wipes generally have a broader and relatively rapid antibacterial activity, their ability to inactivate non-enveloped viruses is usually limited (Kampf G, Kramer A. Epidemiologic background of hand hygiene and evaluation of the most important agents for scrubs and rubs. Clin Microbiol Rev 2004; 17:863-893), increasing the ethanol content may solve this problem to some extent, but it increases the risk of tissue toxicity and reduces the ability to kill bacteria.
  • the content of ethanol in the disinfectant composition may be 59%-88%.
  • the content of ethanol in the disinfectant composition may be 65%-80%.
  • the content of ethanol may be 70% or 75%.
  • isopropanol has a molecular formula of CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 OH and a relative molecular weight of 60.10. It is a colorless and transparent liquid, volatile, has a strong alcoholic odor, and its sterilization effect is at the same level as that of ethanol.
  • the content of isopropanol in the disinfectant composition may be 1.5%-8%. In one embodiment, the content of isopropanol in the disinfectant composition may range from 5% to 7%. For example, the content of isopropanol is 5.5% or 6%.
  • the organic acid may include one or more of citric acid, salicylic acid, acetic acid, lactic acid, and the like.
  • the organic acid is citric acid or lactic acid.
  • the addition of organic acid can improve the disinfection ability of the disinfectant.
  • Lactic acid also known as 2-hydroxypropionic acid, is a compound that plays a role in a variety of biochemical processes. It is a carboxylic acid with a molecular formula of C 3 H 6 O 3 , which is widely used in medicine as preservatives, carriers, co-solvents, pharmaceutical preparations, and pH regulators.
  • the citric acid content is 0.5%-2%, or the lactic acid content is 1-5%.
  • the citric acid content is 1%, or the lactic acid content is 3%.
  • borneol may include one or more of L-borneol, dextroborneol and isoborneol.
  • borneol is L-borneol.
  • L-borneol also known as Ai Pian, Ai Nao, L-borneol, etc., looks like ice, is one of the two optically active bodies of borneol; molecular weight is 154.24, molecular formula C 10 H 17 OH; It is very slightly soluble in water and easily soluble in organic solvents; it has an aroma similar to camphor and pine [9] .
  • Literature data shows that Borneol sterilization and virus take a long time to reach the requirements of hand sanitizers.
  • the main function of borneol is to enhance the penetration of ethanol into bacteria and viruses, improve the efficacy of ethanol in killing bacteria and viruses, and reduce the irritation of ethanol to mucous membranes.
  • the content of borneol is 0.1%-2%. In one embodiment, the content of borneol is 0.2%-1%.
  • zinc salt can have bactericidal and antibacterial functions.
  • the zinc salt may include one or more of zinc gluconate, zinc pyrrolidone carboxylate, zinc citrate, zinc acetate, zinc lactate, zinc chloride, zinc sulfate, etc., and is preferably zinc pyrrolidone carboxylate.
  • Zinc pyrrolidone carboxylate, molecular formula C 10 H 12 N 2 O 6 Zn, is a white or off-white solid.
  • the content of zinc salt is 0.1%-3%.
  • the content of zinc salt is 0.1%-0.5%.
  • the content of zinc salt is 0.2%.
  • urea refers to carbonic acid diamide with the molecular formula CH 4 N 2 O.
  • Urea is a very useful moisturizer. It exists in the stratum corneum of the skin. It is the main component of the skin’s natural moisturizing factor. For the skin, urea has a moisturizing effect and a soft cutin effect, so it can also prevent The stratum corneum blocks the pores.
  • the content of urea is 0.2%-8%. In one embodiment, the content of urea is 1%-2%.
  • the disinfectant composition of the present invention may also include one or more of fragrances, moisturizing emollients, and thickening agents.
  • the disinfectant composition of the present invention may also contain fragrances, moisturizing emollients and thickening agents.
  • the fragrance includes a herbal flavor, especially eucalyptol.
  • Cineole alcohol molecular formula C 10 H 18 O, also known as (1,8-) cineole, eucalyptol
  • eucalyptol is a monoterpenoid compound. Colorless liquid, pungent and cold in taste, with an odor similar to camphor.
  • Used in medicinal flavors, the preparation of essential oils and flavors such as toothpaste, tooth powder, oral fresheners, medicated soaps, etc. It is also used in medicine. It has antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiseptic, antiasthmatic and analgesic effects. In the present invention, it is mainly used to adjust the smell of disinfectant.
  • the content of fragrance is 0.05%-1%. In one embodiment, the content of fragrance is 0.1%-0.5%.
  • the moisturizing emollient may include one or more of glycerol, oleic acid, vitamin E, and isopropyl myristate.
  • the moisturizing emollient may be oleic acid.
  • the moisturizing emollient may be glycerol, vitamin E, and isopropyl myristate.
  • the content of moisturizing emollients can be 0.05%-30%.
  • the oleic acid content is 0.1-1%.
  • glycerol has a molecular formula of C 3 H 8 O 3 , also known as 1,2,3-propanetriol and glycerin; it is colorless, odorless, sweet in taste, and has the effect of moisturizing the skin.
  • Oleic acid whose molecular formula is C 18 H 34 O 2 , is a monounsaturated Omega-9 fatty acid, which exists in animals and plants and is a colorless oily liquid.
  • Isopropyl myristate molecular formula is C17H34O2, molecular weight is 270.4507, also known as isopropyl myristate; isopropyl myristate, is a colorless transparent oily liquid, insoluble in water; can be mixed with alcohol, ether, methylene Chlorine, oil and other organic solvents are miscible; it has the effect of moisturizing and moisturizing the skin.
  • glycerol, oleic acid, vitamin E, and isopropyl myristate are all functions of moisturizing and moisturizing the skin.
  • the glycerol content can be 1%-25%.
  • the vitamin E content can be 0.1%-1%.
  • the content of isopropyl myristate can be 0.1%-2%.
  • the disinfectant composition may contain a thickening agent.
  • the thickener may be one or more of polyethylene glycol, triethyl citrate and polysaccharides.
  • Polyethylene glycol may have various molecular weights, for example, polyethylene glycol 200.
  • the thickener may be polyethylene glycol 200.
  • the thickener may be a polysaccharide.
  • the content of thickener can be 0.05%-10%.
  • the content of polyethylene glycol can be 1-5%.
  • the polysaccharide content can be 0.05%-10%.
  • Polysaccharides are sugar chains combined by glycosidic bonds. At least more than 10 monosaccharides are polymerized high molecular carbohydrates. They can be represented by the general formula (C 6 H 10 O 5 ) n . They have no sweet taste and are mostly colloidal in water. Forms exist, especially in a low pH environment, there are still polysaccharides that can form gels. In the present invention, the content of polysaccharides is 0.05%-10%, wherein the polysaccharides include agarose, dextran, cellulose sulfate, chitosan, heparin and hyaluronic acid, preferably chitosan, to adjust the fluidity of the disinfectant , Form an acid gel system.
  • the disinfectant composition may include benzophenone-4.
  • the content of benzophenone-4 can be 0.1%-1.5%.
  • Benzophenone-4 also known as 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone-5-sulfonic acid, ultraviolet absorber UV-284, sunscreen No. 3, BP-4, molecular weight is 308.31, appearance is Light yellow crystal, easily soluble in water. It is a broad-spectrum ultraviolet absorber with high absorption efficiency, non-toxic, no teratogenic side effects, and good light and heat stability. It can absorb UV-A and UV-B at the same time.
  • a virus disinfectant which contains by mass percentage:
  • the rest is water, preferably deionized water.
  • the borneol comprises L-borneol, dextroborneol, isoborneol, and preferably L-borneol.
  • the zinc salt comprises zinc gluconate, zinc pyrrolidone carboxylate, zinc citrate, zinc acetate, zinc lactate, zinc chloride, zinc sulfate, etc., preferably pyrrolidone carboxylic acid Zinc.
  • a method for preparing the disinfectant of any of the foregoing paragraphs which includes:
  • a disinfectant composition in terms of mass percentage, comprising:
  • the rest is water, preferably deionized water.
  • the polysaccharide comprises agarose, dextran, cellulose sulfate, chitosan, heparin, and hyaluronic acid, preferably chitosan.
  • the disinfectant composition according to any one of the preceding paragraphs which can effectively disinfect the surfaces of animate and inanimate objects, especially has a killing effect on viruses, and meets strict disinfection requirements.
  • Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-5 were prepared according to the raw material composition and method described in Table 1 below.
  • Example 1 or 3 The preparation method of Example 1 or 3: (a) Mix ethanol and isopropanol and stir them evenly; (b) Then add urea, citric acid, and borneoluene to the solution of (a) in sequence, and stir until completely dissolved; c) Add polyethylene glycol 200, oleic acid and eucalyptol to the (b) solution, and stir while adding to make the solution evenly mixed; (d) add the zinc salt to the deionized water and stir until it is completely dissolved (E) Slowly add the (c) solution to the (d) solution, and stir quickly to make the solution evenly mixed to obtain a homogeneous and clear liquid.
  • the above steps are all carried out under normal pressure, and the temperature is controlled below 20 ⁇ 2°C during the stirring process.
  • Example 2 or 4 The preparation method of Example 2 or 4: (a) Mix ethanol and isopropanol and stir them evenly; (b) Add urea, borneol, and benzophenone-4 to the (a) solution in turn, and stir until complete Dissolve; (c) Add glycerol, isopropyl myristate, vitamin E and eucalyptol to the solution (b), and stir while adding to make the solution evenly mixed; (d) add organic zinc salt, Polysaccharides and lactic acid were added to deionized water, heated and stirred until completely dissolved; (e) slowly added (c) solution to (d) solution, and quickly stirred to make the solution uniformly mixed to obtain a homogeneous and clear liquid.
  • the above steps are all carried out under normal pressure, and the temperature is controlled at 20-40°C during the stirring process.
  • Example 5 Effect test of the composition of Examples 1-4
  • the test was carried out in a 20°C constant temperature controller. Add 4.0 mL of disinfectant into the test tube. Pre-warm the 20°C constant temperature controller for 5 minutes. Add 1.0 mL of bacterial suspension and let it stand. After 1 minute, take 0.5 mL of the obtained bacterial medicine and suspend it. The solution was added to 4.5 mL of the neutralizer, and after 10 minutes of neutralization, samples were taken and tested with tryptone soy agar medium to check the number of residual bacteria. The results are shown in Table 2.
  • TCID 50 Take 0.1mL of the virus suspension with a titer of 10 8 TCID 50 and 0.1mL of 30g/L calf serum albumin and mix them, place them in a constant temperature controller at 20°C for 5 minutes, and then add 0.8mL of skin disinfectant to mix evenly, and leave to stand. After 1 minute, take 0.1mL of the virus-drug suspension and add it to 0.9mL of neutralizer. After 10 minutes of neutralization, sample and inoculate the respective host cells, place them in the incubator, observe and record the cytopathic condition, and calculate The half of the cell infection was measured (TCID 50 ), and the results are shown in Table 2.
  • mice were adapted to rearing for 4 days, and 40 mice weighing 18-22 g were randomly divided into 4 groups, each with 10 mice, half of the male and the female, fasting before the test and no restriction on drinking water.
  • the experiment adopts the limit method, the dose design is 5000mg/kg body weight, and the administration volume is 20ml/kg by intragastric administration. Observe the animal's poisoning performance and death immediately after administration, and then observe at least once a day for 14 days.
  • the weekly weight of the animals and the time of death of the animals were recorded, and the dead animals and the animals sacrificed after the observation period were autopsied, and the tissues or organs were observed with naked eyes for abnormalities.
  • the disinfectant composition of the present application (1) can form a colorless, clear and transparent liquid; (2) has an effective logarithmic value for sterilization, and (3) has an effective virus (non-enveloped virus) sterilization Active log value (ie, inactivation log value ⁇ 4.00), which can inactivate the virus in a short time (1 minute); (4) No skin irritation response to appropriate moisturizing ingredients; and (5)
  • Each group The points have a synergistic effect in killing viruses. Therefore, the disinfectant composition of the present application can be used for sanitary disinfection of animate and inanimate surfaces, especially sanitary hand disinfection. On the contrary, the comparative composition or the virus inactivation effect is poor, or the bactericidal effect is poor.
  • the addition of emollient, moisturizing and/or sunscreen ingredients to the composition of the present application does not affect the disinfection performance of the composition.
  • the composition in Examples 1-4 has no irritation effect on the skin, so it can be applied well to the skin. disinfect.

Abstract

本发明涉及消毒剂领域。本发明提供了一种消毒剂组合物，其按质量百分比计包含：乙醇59％-88％；异丙醇1.5％-8％；尿素0.2％-8％；有机酸0.2％-6％；龙脑0.1％-2％；锌盐0.1％-3％；余量为水。本发明的消毒剂组合物可应用于各种无生命物体表面消毒，还可以应用于皮肤消毒，有效地对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、白色念球珠菌、铜绿假单胞菌、脊髓灰质炎病毒、腺病毒、诺如病毒、多瘤病毒等起到杀灭作用，达到严格的消毒要求，而且对皮肤无刺激。

Description

消毒剂组合物、其制备方法和用途 技术领域
本发明涉及消毒剂领域，尤其涉及一种用于有生命和无生命的表面的基于醇的杀病毒消毒剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
近年来，消毒剂变得越来越重要：在医疗领域，例如在医院或医疗实践中，以及在食品和制药工业中或在公共交通繁忙的地方，例如在游泳池或公共厕所中，越来越多地定期使用消毒剂，如此可以保护人类和动物免受诸如细菌、真菌或病毒等病原体的侵害，并且可以极大地限制病原体的传播。同时，对于即将到来的流行病，这尤其重要。
现在，针对细菌、真菌和包膜病毒(带有脂蛋白包膜的病毒)存在各种各样的市售基于酒精的消毒剂。尽管大多数此类消毒剂具有广泛且相对较快的抗菌活性，但它们灭活非包膜病毒的能力通常受到限制(Kampf G,Kramer A.Epidemiologic background of hand hygiene and evaluation of the most important agents for scrubs and rubs.Clin Microbiol Rev 2004；17:863—893)，但是，对病毒有效的灭活非常重要。
病毒性疾病在人类疾病中，占有十分重要的位置，在传染病中的比例还有上升的趋势，近年，还常常出现新的病毒性疾病暴发。同时，由于病毒感染没有特效治疗药物，疫苗的研究、生产又严重滞后，给疾病的预防与控制提出了严峻的挑战。而且，下列因素还会加重病毒病危害。如：免疫抑制剂的使用、器官与组织移植、旅游、国际贸易、生活方式的改变、易感群体的增加(幼儿园、敬老院)、疫苗的缺乏、化学治疗方法的不足、慢性病、新出现的病毒、变异与重组的病毒、亚临床感染、病毒感染的诊断技术的落后、气候的异常变化、新医疗产品的使用、水质与空气质量恶化等。
消毒是防控病毒性疾病的重要手段之一。基于现有的消毒剂不足，本发明人发明一种用于有生命或无生命物体表面的消毒剂，特别是针对病毒的消毒剂。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供病毒消毒剂及其制备方法，可应用于各种无生命物体表面消毒，还可以应用于皮肤消毒，有效地对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、白色念球珠菌、铜绿假单胞菌、脊髓灰质炎病毒、腺病毒、诺如病毒、多瘤病毒等起到杀灭作用，达到严格的消毒要求，而且对皮肤无刺激。
本发明提供了消毒剂组合物，其按质量百分比计包含：
Figure PCTCN2020087169-appb-000001
余量为水，优选去离子水。
在一个实施方案中，乙醇含量可以是65％-80％。
在一个实施方案中，异丙醇含量可以是5％-7％。
在一个实施方案中，尿素含量可以是1％-2％。
在一个实施方案中，龙脑含量可以是0.2％-1％。
在一个实施方案中，锌盐含量可以是0.1％-0.5％。
在一个实施方案中，消毒剂组合物还包含保湿润肤剂。优选地，消毒剂组合物包含0.05％-30％保湿润肤剂。
在一个实施方案中，消毒剂组合物还包含芳香剂。优选地，消毒剂组合物包含0.05％-1％芳香剂。
在一个实施方案中，消毒剂组合物还包含增稠剂。优选地，消毒剂组合物包含0.05％-10％增稠剂。
在一个实施方案中，有机酸选自柠檬酸、水杨酸、乙酸和乳酸。
在一个实施方案中，消毒剂组合物包含0.5％-2％柠檬酸。在一个实施方案中，消毒剂组合物包含1-5％乳酸。
在一个实施方案中，龙脑选自左旋龙脑、右旋龙脑和异龙脑。优选地，龙脑为左旋龙脑。
在一个实施方案中，锌盐选自葡萄糖酸锌、吡咯烷酮羧酸锌、柠檬酸锌、醋酸锌、乳酸锌、氯化锌和硫酸锌。优选地，锌盐是吡咯烷酮羧酸锌。
在一个实施方案中，保湿润肤剂选自丙三醇、油酸、维生素E和肉豆蔻酸异丙酯。
在一个实施方案中，保湿润肤剂是油酸或丙三醇、维生素E和肉豆蔻酸异丙酯。
在一个实施方案中，油酸含量为0.1-1％。在一个实施方案中，丙三醇含量为1％-25％。在一个实施方案中，维生素E含量为0.1％-1％。在一个实施方案中，肉豆蔻酸异丙酯的含量为0.1％-2％。
在一个实施方案中，芳香剂包含药草型香精。优选地，药草型香精是桉叶油醇。优选地，桉叶油醇的含量为0.1％-0.5％。
在一个实施方案中，增稠剂选自聚乙二醇、柠檬酸三乙酯和多糖。
在一个实施方案中，聚乙二醇的含量为1-5％。在一个实施方案中，多糖含量为0.05％-10％。
在一个实施方案中，聚乙二醇是聚乙二醇200。
在一个实施方案中，多糖选自琼脂糖、葡聚糖、纤维素硫酸酯、壳聚糖、肝素和透明质酸。
在一个实施方案中，多糖是壳聚糖。
在一个实施方案中，消毒剂组合物还包含二苯甲酮-4。优选地，消毒剂组合物包含0.1％-1.5％，优选0.5％二苯甲酮-4。
在另一个方面，本发明提供了制备本发明的消毒剂组合物的方法，其包括：
(a)将乙醇和异丙醇混合并搅拌均匀；和
(b)将尿素、有机酸、龙脑和锌盐溶液加入到(a)溶液中，搅拌至完全溶解，得到均相澄明的液体。
在一个实施方案中，(b)步骤还包括将保湿润肤剂、芳香剂、增稠剂和/或二苯甲酮-4加入到(a)溶液中。
在又一个方面，本发明提供了本发明的消毒剂组合物用于皮肤消毒，特别是用于卫生手和外科手的消毒，或者用于杀灭有生命和无生命的表 面的细菌、真菌和病毒的用途。
在一个实施方案中，消毒剂组合物按质量百分比计包含：
Figure PCTCN2020087169-appb-000002
其余为水，优选去离子水。
在另一个实施方案中，消毒剂组合物按质量百分比计包含：
Figure PCTCN2020087169-appb-000003
其余为水，优选去离子水。
在一个实施方案中，消毒剂组合物用于物体表面消毒。
在另一个方面，本发明提供了制备消毒剂组合物的方法，其包括：
(a)将乙醇和异丙醇混合并搅拌均匀；
(b)然后依次将尿素、有机酸、龙脑加入到(a)溶液中，搅拌至完全溶解；
(c)向(b)溶液中分别加入增稠剂、保湿润肤剂和芳香剂，边加边搅拌，使溶液混合均匀；
(d)将锌盐加入到水，优选去离子水中，搅拌至完全溶解；
(e)向(d)溶液中缓慢加入(c)溶液，快速搅拌，使溶液混合均匀，得到均相澄明的液体。
在一个实施方案中，各步骤都是在常压下进行的，同时搅拌过程中控制温度在20±2℃。
在一个实施方案中，保湿润肤剂是油酸；所述增稠剂选自聚乙二醇和柠檬酸三乙酯。
在一个实施方案中，提供了制备消毒剂组合物的方法，其包括：
(a)将乙醇和异丙醇混合并搅拌均匀；
(b)依次将尿素、龙脑、二苯甲酮-4加入到(a)溶液中，搅拌至完全溶解；
(c)向(b)溶液中分别加入丙三醇、肉豆蔻酸异丙酯、维生素E和芳香剂，边加边搅拌，使溶液混合均匀；
(d)将锌盐、多糖、有机酸加入到水，优选去离子水中，加热并搅拌至完全溶解；
(e)向(d)溶液中缓慢加入(c)溶液，快速搅拌，使溶液混合均匀，得到均相澄明的液体；
在一个实施方案中，方法的各步骤都是在常压下进行的，同时搅拌过程中控制温度在20-40℃。
在又一个方面，提供了消毒剂组合物用于皮肤的消毒，特别是用于卫生手和外科手的消毒的用途。
根据本发明的消毒剂组合物或根据本发明的方法制备的消毒剂组合物用于皮肤消毒，特别是卫生手和外科手的消毒，可有效地对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、白色念球珠菌、铜绿假单胞菌、脊髓灰质炎病毒、腺病毒、诺如病毒、多瘤病毒等起到杀灭作用，达到严格的消毒要求，而且对皮肤无刺激。根据本发明的消毒剂组合物可以制备成试剂盒。
本发明至少具备以下有益的效果：
1.本发明的消毒剂组合物对细菌，例如金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、白色念球珠菌、铜绿假单胞菌具有杀菌效应。如实施例中证明，本发明的消毒剂组合物具有有效的杀菌对数值，即大于5.0的值。
2.本发明的消毒剂组合物对病毒，尤其是无包膜的病毒，例如脊髓灰质炎病毒、腺病毒、诺如病毒和多瘤病毒具有杀病毒效应。如实施例中证明，本发明的消毒剂组合物对无包膜病毒具有有效的病毒灭活对数值，即灭活对数值≥4.00。
3.在本申请的组合物中添加润肤、保湿和/或防晒成分未影响组合物的消毒性能。通过添加这些成分可以避免单次或多次使用过程中对皮肤，尤其是手的刺激，如实施例中证明的。
4.本发明发现以任意顺序添加本发明的组合物的成分时容易产生沉淀，形成悬浮溶液。相反，当先添加乙醇和异丙醇，后添加其它成分时，可以得到无色澄清透明液体，有效发挥各组分的功能。
5.本发明的组合物的各组分，例如乙醇、异丙醇、尿素、有机酸、龙脑和锌盐能够彼此起到协同效果。例如，组合物的一种组分能够促进其它成分的杀菌或灭活病毒的效果。以龙脑来说，现有技术表明该成分不具备短时间灭菌的能力，不适用于手消毒剂。但是，本发明表明其与组合物中的其它组分能够协同在短时间(1分钟)内灭活病毒，使组合物适用作手消毒剂。
具体实施方式
醇类消毒剂具有悠久的历史，在医疗机构的消毒中占有重要地位，属于中效消毒剂，主要用于皮肤消毒。常用的品种主要有乙醇、丙醇和异丙醇，还不断有苯氧乙醇和某些植物醇类等更大分子的醇类加入消毒产品行列。由于醇类与其他杀菌因子具有良好的协同作用，近年来复方醇类消毒剂得到迅速发展，应用于皮肤和手消毒等方面。
皮肤消毒一般要求在较短的时间(例如1分钟)内杀灭细菌和/或病毒。尽管现有技术中存在大量对细菌和/或病毒具有杀灭性质的物质，但是这些物质无法满足在短时间内杀灭细菌和/或病毒的效果。发明人发现了通 过组合本发明的组合物的各组分能够产生协同效果，在短时间内杀灭细菌和/或病毒。
本发明的醇类消毒剂组合物可以包含乙醇、异丙醇、尿素、有机酸和龙脑、锌盐。
在本文中，如无相反说明，在提及组分时“％”为质量百分比。
本发明中，乙醇分子式为CH 3CH 2OH，相对分子质量46.07。为无色透明液体，易挥发；是最常见、也是最普通最为人所熟悉的消毒剂。尽管酒精基手擦方式通常具有更广泛且相对较快的抗菌活性，但它们灭活非包膜病毒的能力通常受到限制(Kampf G,Kramer A.Epidemiologic background of hand hygiene and evaluation of the most important agents for scrubs and rubs.Clin Microbiol Rev 2004；17:863—893)，提高乙醇含量可能在某种程度上解决了这一问题，但增加了组织毒性的风险并降低杀灭细菌的能力。在本文中，乙醇在消毒剂组合物中的含量可以为59％-88％。在一个实施方案中，乙醇在消毒剂组合物中的含量可以为65％-80％。例如，乙醇的含量可以是70％或75％。
本发明中，异丙醇分子式为CH 3CH 2CH 2OH，相对分子量为60.10，为无色透明液体，易挥发，有较浓的醇的气味，其杀菌效果与乙醇处于同一水平。在本文中，异丙醇在消毒剂组合物中的含量可以为1.5％-8％。在一个实施方案中，异丙醇在消毒剂组合物中的含量可以为5％-7％。例如，异丙醇的含量是5.5％或6％。
本发明中，有机酸可以包括柠檬酸、水杨酸、乙酸和乳酸等中的一种或多种。优选地，有机酸是柠檬酸或者乳酸。本发明中，加入有机酸可以提高消毒剂的消毒能力。乳酸，又名2-羟基丙酸，是一种化合物，它在多种生物化学过程中起作用。它是一种羧酸，分子式为C 3H 6O 3，在医药方面广泛用作防腐剂、载体剂、助溶剂、药物制剂、pH调节剂等。在一个实施方案中，柠檬酸含量为0.5％-2％，或者乳酸含量为1-5％。例如，柠檬酸含量为1％，或者乳酸含量为3％。
本发明中，龙脑可以包括左旋龙脑、右旋龙脑和异龙脑中的一种或多种。优选地，龙脑是左旋龙脑。左旋龙脑(L-borneol)，又名艾片、艾脑、左旋冰片等，外型似冰，是龙脑(borneol)的两个旋光体之一；分子量154.24， 分子式C 10H 17OH；极微溶于水，易溶于有机溶剂；具有类似樟脑和松木的香气 [9]。有文献数据表明龙脑杀菌和病毒的时间较长，不能到达手消毒剂的要求。在本发明中，龙脑的主要作用是增强乙醇渗透细菌和病毒的内部，提高乙醇杀灭细菌和病毒的效力，降低乙醇对黏膜的刺激性。在一个实施方案中，龙脑的含量为0.1％-2％。在一个实施方案中，龙脑的含量为0.2％-1％。
本发明中，锌盐可以有杀菌抑菌的功能。本发明中，锌盐可以包含葡萄糖酸锌、吡咯烷酮羧酸锌、柠檬酸锌、醋酸锌、乳酸锌、氯化锌和硫酸锌等中的一种或多种，优选是吡咯烷酮羧酸锌。吡咯烷酮羧酸锌，分子式C 10H 12N 2O 6Zn，为白色或类白色固体。在一个实施方案中，锌盐的含量为0.1％-3％。在一个实施方案中，锌盐的含量为0.1％-0.5％。例如，锌盐的含量为0.2％。
本发明中，尿素指分子式为CH 4N 2O的碳酸二酰胺。尿素是一种很好用的保湿品，它就存在于肌肤的角质层当中，属于肌肤天然保湿因子的主要成分，对肌肤来说，尿素具有保湿作用还具有柔软角质的功效，所以也能够防止角质层阻塞毛细孔。在一个实施方案中，尿素的含量为0.2％-8％。在一个实施方案中，尿素的含量为1％-2％。
本发明的消毒剂组合物还可以包含芳香剂、保湿润肤剂和增稠剂中的一种或多种。优选地，本发明的消毒剂组合物还可以包含芳香剂、保湿润肤剂和增稠剂。
本发明中，芳香剂包含药草型香精，特别是桉叶油醇。桉叶油醇，分子式为C 10H 18O，又名(1，8-)桉树脑，桉叶素桉树精，属单萜类化合物。无色液体，味辛冷，有与樟脑相似的气味。用于药草型香精，配制精油及牙膏、牙粉、口腔清凉剂、药皂等香精，也较多用于医药。具有解热、消炎、抗菌、防腐、平喘及镇痛作用。在本发明中主要用于调整消毒剂气味。在一个实施方案中，芳香剂的含量为0.05％-1％。在一个实施方案中，芳香剂的含量为0.1％-0.5％。
本发明中，保湿润肤剂可以包括丙三醇、油酸、维生素E、肉豆蔻酸异丙酯中的一种或多种。在一个实施方案中，保湿润肤剂可以是油酸。在另一个实施方案中，保湿润肤剂可以是丙三醇、维生素E和肉豆蔻酸异 丙酯。保湿润肤剂的含量可以是0.05％-30％。例如，油酸含量为0.1-1％。
本发明中，丙三醇，分子式为C 3H 8O 3，又名1,2,3-丙三醇、甘油；无色、无臭、味甜，具有滋润皮肤的作用。油酸，分子式为C 18H 34O 2，是一种单不饱和Omega-9脂肪酸，存在于动植物体内，为无色油状液体。肉豆蔻酸异丙酯，分子式为C17H34O2，分子量为270.4507，又名豆蔻酸异丙酯；十四酸异丙酯，为无色透明油状液体，不溶于水；能与醇、醚、亚甲基氯、油脂等有机溶剂混溶；具有保湿和滋润皮肤的作用。在本发明中，丙三醇、油酸、维生素E、肉豆蔻酸异丙酯都是保湿和滋润皮肤的作用。丙三醇含量可以为1％-25％。维生素E含量可以为0.1％-1％。肉豆蔻酸异丙酯的含量可以为0.1％-2％。
本发明中，消毒剂组合物可以包含增稠剂。增稠剂可以是聚乙二醇、柠檬酸三乙酯和多糖中的一种或多种。聚乙二醇可以具有各种分子量，例如是聚乙二醇200。在一个实施方案中，增稠剂可以是聚乙二醇200。在另一个实施方案中，增稠剂可以是多糖。增稠剂的含量可以为0.05％-10％。聚乙二醇的含量可以为1-5％。多糖含量可以为0.05％-10％。
多糖是由糖苷键结合的糖链，至少要超过10个的单糖组成的聚合糖高分子碳水化合物，可用通式(C 6H 10O 5) n表示，无甜味，在水中多以胶体形式存在，特别是在pH较低的环境中仍有多糖可以形成凝胶。本发明中，多糖的含量为0.05％-10％，其中多糖包含琼脂糖、葡聚糖、纤维素硫酸酯、壳聚糖、肝素和透明质酸，优选壳聚糖，调节消毒剂的流动性，形成酸性凝胶体系。
本发明中，消毒剂组合物可以包含二苯甲酮-4。本发明中，二苯甲酮-4含量可以为0.1％-1.5％。二苯甲酮-4，又名2-羟基-4-甲氧基二苯甲酮-5-磺酸，紫外线吸收剂UV-284、防晒剂3号、BP-4，分子量为308.31，外观为淡黄色结晶，易溶于水。是一种广谱紫外线吸收剂，具有吸收效率高、无毒、无致畸性副作用，对光、热稳定性好等优点，它同时能够吸收UV-A和UV-B。
本发明提供以下实施方案：
1、一种病毒消毒剂，其按质量百分比计包含：
Figure PCTCN2020087169-appb-000004
Figure PCTCN2020087169-appb-000005
其余为水，优选去离子水。
2、根据段落1的消毒剂组合物，其中所述乙醇的含量为59％-88％，优选为70％。
3、根据前述任一段的消毒剂组合物，其中所述异丙醇的含量为1.5％-8％，优选为5.5％。
4、根据前述任一段的消毒剂组合物，其中所述尿素的含量为0.2％-8％，优选为2％。
5、根据前述任一段的消毒剂组合物，其中所述有机酸包括柠檬酸、水杨酸、乙酸、乳酸等，优选柠檬酸。
6、根据前述任一段的消毒剂组合物，其中所述有机酸含量为0.2％-6％，优选2％。
7、根据前述任一段的消毒剂组合物，其中所述龙脑包含左旋龙脑、右旋龙脑、异龙脑，优选左旋龙脑。
8、根据前述任一段的消毒剂组合物，其中所述龙脑含量为0.2％-2％，优选为0.2％。
9、根据前述任一段的消毒剂组合物，其中所述锌盐包含葡萄糖酸锌、吡咯烷酮羧酸锌、柠檬酸锌、醋酸锌、乳酸锌、氯化锌和硫酸锌等，优选为吡咯烷酮羧酸锌。
10、根据前述任一段的消毒剂组合物，其中所述锌盐的含量为0.1％-2％，优选为0.2％。
11、根据前述任一段的消毒剂组合物，其中所述增稠剂为聚乙二醇 200或柠檬酸三乙酯。
12、根据前述任一段的消毒剂组合物，其中所述增稠剂的含量为1％-5％，优选为2％。
13、根据前述任一段的消毒剂组合物，其中所述芳香剂包含药草型香精，特别是桉叶油醇。
14、根据前述任一段的消毒剂组合物，其中所述芳香剂的含量为0.1％-0.5％，优选为0.1％。
15、根据前述任一段的消毒剂组合物，其中所述油酸的含量为0.1％-1％，优选为0.1％。
16、制备前述任一段的消毒剂的方法，其包括：
(a)将乙醇和异丙醇混合并搅拌均匀；
(b)将然后依次将尿素、有机酸、龙脑加入到(a)溶液中，搅拌至完全溶解；
(c)向(b)溶液中分别加入增稠剂、油酸和芳香剂，边加边搅拌，使溶液混合均匀；
(d)将锌盐加入到水，优选去离子水中，搅拌至完全溶解；
(e)向(d)溶液中缓慢加入(c)溶液，快速搅拌，使溶液混合均匀，得到均相澄明的液体；
上述各步骤都是在常压下进行的，同时搅拌过程中控制温度在20±2℃以下。
17、根据任一段的消毒剂组合物，其特征在于用于物体表面消毒。
18、一种消毒剂组合物，按照质量百分比计包括：
Figure PCTCN2020087169-appb-000006
Figure PCTCN2020087169-appb-000007
其余为水，优选去离子水。
19、根据段落18的消毒剂组合物，其中所述乙醇的含量为59％-88％，优选为69％。
20、根据段落18或19的消毒剂组合物，其中所述异丙醇的含量为1.5％-8％，优选为5.5％。
21、根据段落18-20中任一项的消毒剂组合物，其中所述尿素的含量为0.2％-8％，优选为2％。
22、根据段落18-21中任一项的消毒剂组合物，其中所述有机酸包括柠檬酸、水杨酸、乙酸、乳酸等，优选柠檬酸和乳酸。
23、根据段落18-22中任一项的消毒剂组合物，其中所述有机酸含量为0.2％-6％，优选5％。
24、根据段落18-23中任一项的消毒剂组合物，其中所述龙脑包含左旋龙脑、右旋龙脑、异龙脑，优选左旋龙脑。
25、根据段落18-24中任一项的消毒剂组合物，其中所述龙脑含量为0.2％-2％，优选为0.2％。
26、根据段落18-25中任一项的消毒剂组合物，其中所述有机锌包含葡萄糖酸锌、吡咯烷酮羧酸锌、柠檬酸锌、醋酸锌、乳酸锌、氯化锌和硫酸锌等，优选吡咯烷酮羧酸锌。
27、根据段落18-26中任一项的消毒剂组合物，其中所述锌盐的含量为0.1％-2％，优选为0.2％。
28、根据段落18-27中任一项的消毒剂组合物，其中所述丙三醇的含量为1％-25％，优选为3％。
29、根据段落18-28中任一项的消毒剂组合物，其中所述维生素E的含量为0.1％-1％，优选为0.5％。
30、根据段落18-29中任一项的消毒剂组合物，其中所述芳香剂包含 药草型香精，特别是桉叶油醇。
31、根据段落18-30中任一项的消毒剂组合物，其中所述芳香剂的含量为0.1％-0.5％，优选为0.1％。
32、根据段落18-31中任一项的消毒剂组合物，其中所述二苯甲酮-4的含量为0.1％-1.5％，优选为0.5％。
33、根据段落18-32中任一项的消毒剂组合物，其中所述肉豆蔻酸异丙酯的含量为0.1％-2％，优选为0.5％。
34、根据段落18-33中任一项的消毒剂组合物，其中所述多糖包含琼脂糖、葡聚糖、纤维素硫酸酯、壳聚糖、肝素和透明质酸，优选壳聚糖。
35、根据段落18-34中任一项的消毒剂组合物，其中所述多糖的含量为0.05％-10％，优选为1％。
36、制备段落18-35中任一项所述的消毒剂的方法，其包括：
(a)将乙醇和异丙醇混合并搅拌均匀；
(b)依次将尿素、龙脑、二苯甲酮-4加入到(a)溶液中，搅拌至完全溶解；
(c)向(b)溶液中分别加入丙三醇、肉豆蔻酸异丙酯、维生素E和芳香剂，边加边搅拌，使溶液混合均匀；
(d)将锌盐、多糖、有机酸加入到水，优选去离子水中，加热并搅拌至完全溶解；
(e)向(d)溶液中缓慢加入(c)溶液，快速搅拌，使溶液混合均匀，得到均相澄明的液体；
上述各步骤都是在常压下进行的，同时搅拌过程中控制温度在20-40℃。
37、根据段落18-35中任一项的消毒剂组合物，其中所述消毒剂用于皮肤和黏膜的消毒，特别是用于卫生手和外科手的消毒。
38、根据前述段落中任一项的消毒剂组合物，其可对有生命和无生命物体表面进行有效消毒，特别是对病毒起到杀灭作用，达到严格的消毒要求。
实施例
下面通过实施例和对比例进一步说明本发明，然而本发明并不局限于此。
实施例1-4：产品的制备
如下文表1中所述的原料组成和方法制备实施例1-4和对比例1-5的产品。
表1、实施例1-4及对比例1-5的原料及组成
Figure PCTCN2020087169-appb-000008
Figure PCTCN2020087169-appb-000009
实施例1或3的制备方法：(a)将乙醇和异丙醇混合并搅拌均匀；(b)然后依次将尿素、柠檬酸、龙脑加入到(a)溶液中，搅拌至完全溶解；(c)向(b)溶液中分别加入聚乙二醇200、油酸和桉叶油醇，边加边搅拌，使溶液混合均匀；(d)将锌盐加入到去离子水中，搅拌至完全溶解；(e)向(d)溶液中缓慢加入(c)溶液，快速搅拌，使溶液混合均匀，得到均相澄明的液体。上述各步骤都是在常压下进行的，同时搅拌过程中控制温度在20±2℃以下。
实施例2或4的制备方法：(a)将乙醇和异丙醇混合并搅拌均匀；(b)依次将尿素、龙脑、二苯甲酮-4加入到(a)溶液中，搅拌至完全溶解；(c)向(b)溶液中分别加入丙三醇、肉豆蔻酸异丙酯、维生素E和桉叶油醇，边加边搅拌，使溶液混合均匀；(d)将有机锌盐、多糖、乳酸加入到去离子水中，加热并搅拌至完全溶解；(e)向(d)溶液中缓慢加入(c)溶液，快速搅拌，使溶液混合均匀，得到均相澄明的液体。上述各步骤都是在常压下进行的，同时搅拌过程中控制温度在20-40℃。
发明人在长期的研究中发现在产品制备过程中应当先混合乙醇和异丙醇，然后添加其它成分，以防止其它情况下发生的组分沉淀的现象。
对比例1-2和4-5的制备方法：(a)将乙醇和异丙醇混合并搅拌均匀；(b)加入其它成分混合均匀，得到均相澄明的液体。实施例3或6的制备方法：将各组分添加到去离子水中，混合均匀，得到均相澄明的液体。
实施例5：实施例1-4的组合物的效果测试
取上述各组合物250ml/瓶×15瓶，根据《消毒技术规范》(2002年版)、中华人民共和国药典(二部)(2015年版)、GB27951-2011《皮肤消毒剂卫生要求》、GB26373-2010《乙醇消毒剂卫生标准》和GB27952-2011《普通物体表面消毒剂的卫生要求》等，对本发明的消毒剂组合物以及各比较组合物的性质进行检验，具体结果如下：
1、悬液定量杀菌试验
试验在20℃恒温控制器内进行，取4.0mL消毒剂加入试管内，20℃恒温控制器预温5min，加入1.0mL菌悬液，静置；1分钟后，取0.5mL所得菌药混悬液加入4.5mL中和剂内，进行中和作用10min后，取样用胰蛋白胨大豆琼脂培养基倾皿检验残留菌数，结果见表2。
2、病毒灭活试验
取滴度为10 8TCID 50的病毒悬液0.1mL和30g/L小牛血清白蛋白0.1mL混合，置于20℃恒温控制器预温5min，再加入0.8mL皮肤消毒剂混合均匀，静置；1分钟后，取0.1mL所得病毒-药混悬液加入0.9mL中和剂内，进行中和作用10min后，取样接种各自宿主细胞，置于培养箱后，观察并记录细胞病变情况，计算半数细胞感染计量(TCID 50)，结果见表2。
3、一次皮肤刺激试验
(1)选择健康成年、皮肤完好的家兔，在试验前24h，用脱毛剂将兔背部脊柱两侧的毛去掉，不得损伤皮肤。去毛范围，左、右各约3cm×3cm。
(2)次日将样品直接涂于面积为2.5cm×2.5cm的一侧去毛完整皮肤上，然后用一层无刺激塑料膜或油纸覆盖，再用无刺激胶布固定。另一侧去毛皮肤作为空白对照。敷贴时间为4h。试验结束后，用温水除去残留受试物。
(3)分别于去除受试物后1h、24h和48h观察皮肤局部反应，按《消毒技术规范》2002年版分别进行皮肤刺激反应评分和刺激强度分级。结果见表2。
4、多次皮肤刺激试验
(1)选择健康成年、皮肤完好的家兔，在试验前24h，用脱毛剂将兔背部脊柱两侧的毛去掉，不得损伤皮肤。去毛范围，左、右各约3cm×3cm。
(2)次日将样品涂在一侧皮肤上，另一侧涂去离子水作为对照，在涂抹后4h，用水清洗，除去残留物。每天涂抹一次，连续涂抹14d，必要时剪毛。
(3)观察指示，每天观察并记录皮肤反应情况，按《消毒技术规范》2002年版分别进行皮肤刺激反应评分和刺激强度分级。结果见表2。
5、急性经口毒性检测
动物适应饲养4天，取体重18-22g小鼠40只，随机分为4组，每组10只，雌雄各半，试验前禁食，不限制饮水。试验采用限量法，剂量设计为5000mg/kg体重，灌胃给药，给药容积20ml/kg。给药后立即观察动物的中毒表现和死亡情况，其后每日至少观察一次，连续观察14D。试验期间，记录动物每周体重、动物死亡时间，并对死亡动物和观察期满处死动物进行尸体解剖，肉眼观察组织或脏器有无异常。
表2：实施例及对比例的组合物的测试结果
Figure PCTCN2020087169-appb-000010
Figure PCTCN2020087169-appb-000011
Figure PCTCN2020087169-appb-000012
由以上结果可以明显看出，本申请的消毒剂组合物(1)能够形成无色澄清透明液体；(2)具有有效的杀菌对数值，(3)具有有效的病毒(无包膜病毒)灭活对数值(即，灭活对数值≥4.00)，能够在短时间(1分钟)内灭活病毒；(4)在适当的润肤保湿成分时对于皮肤没有刺激反应；和(5)各组分在杀灭病毒上具有协同效应。因此，本申请的消毒剂组合物可以用于有生命和无生命的表面的卫生消毒，特别是卫生手消毒。相反，比较组合物或病毒灭活效果差，或者杀菌效果差。在本申请的组合物中添加润肤、保湿和/或防晒成分未影响组合物的消毒性能，在实施例1-4中的组合物对于皮肤等没有刺激作用，因此，能很好的应用皮肤消毒。
以上结合具体实施方式和范例性实例对本发明进行了详细说明，不过这些说明并不能理解为对本发明的限制。本领域技术人员理解，在不偏离本发明精神和范围的情况下，可以对本发明技术方案及其实施方式进行多种等价替换、修饰或改进，这些均落入本发明的范围内。本发明的保护范围以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种消毒剂组合物，其按质量百分比计包含：
    Figure PCTCN2020087169-appb-100001
  2. 权利要求1的消毒剂组合物，其还包含保湿润肤剂，优选0.05％-30％保湿润肤剂。
  3. 权利要求1或2的消毒剂组合物，其还包含芳香剂，优选0.05％-1％芳香剂。
  4. 前述权利要求中任一项的消毒剂组合物，其还包含增稠剂，优选0.05％-10％增稠剂。
  5. 前述权利要求中任一项的消毒剂组合物，其中有机酸选自柠檬酸、水杨酸、乙酸和乳酸；
    优选地，其中消毒剂包含0.5％-2％柠檬酸，或者1-5％乳酸。
  6. 前述权利要求中任一项的消毒剂组合物，其中龙脑选自左旋龙脑、右旋龙脑和异龙脑，优选为左旋龙脑。
  7. 前述权利要求中任一项的消毒剂组合物，其中锌盐选自葡萄糖酸锌、吡咯烷酮羧酸锌、柠檬酸锌、醋酸锌、乳酸锌、氯化锌和硫酸锌，优选为吡咯烷酮羧酸锌。
  8. 权利要求2的消毒剂组合物，其中保湿润肤剂选自丙三醇、油酸、维生素E和肉豆蔻酸异丙酯；
    优选地，保湿润肤剂是油酸或丙三醇、维生素E和肉豆蔻酸异丙酯；
    优选地，油酸含量为0.1-1％；丙三醇含量为1％-25％；维生素E含量为0.1％-1％；或肉豆蔻酸异丙酯的含量为0.1％-2％。
  9. 权利要求3的消毒剂组合物，其中芳香剂包含药草型香精，优选桉 叶油醇，优选0.1％-0.5％桉叶油醇。
  10. 权利要求4的消毒剂组合物，其中增稠剂选自聚乙二醇、柠檬酸三乙酯和多糖；
    优选地，其中聚乙二醇的含量为1-5％；多糖含量为0.05％-10％；
    优选地，其中聚乙二醇是聚乙二醇200；
    优选地，其中多糖选自琼脂糖、葡聚糖、纤维素硫酸酯、壳聚糖、肝素和透明质酸，
    优选地，其中多糖是壳聚糖。
  11. 前述权利要求中任一项的消毒剂组合物，其还包含二苯甲酮-4，优选0.1％-1.5％，优选0.5％二苯甲酮-4。
  12. 制备权利要求1-11中任一项的消毒剂组合物的方法，其包括：
    (a)将乙醇和异丙醇混合并搅拌均匀；和
    (b)将尿素、有机酸、龙脑和锌盐溶液加入到(a)溶液中，搅拌至完全溶解，得到均相澄明的液体。
  13. 权利要求12的方法，其中(b)步骤还包括将保湿润肤剂、芳香剂、增稠剂和/或二苯甲酮-4加入到(a)溶液中。
  14. 权利要求1-11中任一项的消毒剂组合物用于皮肤消毒，特别是用于卫生手和外科手的消毒，或者用于杀灭有生命和无生命的表面的细菌、真菌和病毒的用途。
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