WO2021215886A1 - Method and apparatus for performing quality of experience measurement collection - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for performing quality of experience measurement collection Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021215886A1
WO2021215886A1 PCT/KR2021/005193 KR2021005193W WO2021215886A1 WO 2021215886 A1 WO2021215886 A1 WO 2021215886A1 KR 2021005193 W KR2021005193 W KR 2021005193W WO 2021215886 A1 WO2021215886 A1 WO 2021215886A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
qmc
information
configuration
base station
configuration information
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PCT/KR2021/005193
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Lisi LI
Xiaoning MA
Lixiang Xu
Hong Wang
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Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.
Beijing Samsung Telecom R&D Center
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Publication of WO2021215886A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021215886A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
    • H04L43/06—Generation of reports
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/50—Network service management, e.g. ensuring proper service fulfilment according to agreements
    • H04L41/5061—Network service management, e.g. ensuring proper service fulfilment according to agreements characterised by the interaction between service providers and their network customers, e.g. customer relationship management
    • H04L41/5067—Customer-centric QoS measurements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H04W24/02—Arrangements for optimising operational condition
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/08—Configuration management of networks or network elements
    • H04L41/0803—Configuration setting
    • H04L41/0806—Configuration setting for initial configuration or provisioning, e.g. plug-and-play
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/50—Network service management, e.g. ensuring proper service fulfilment according to agreements
    • H04L41/5003—Managing SLA; Interaction between SLA and QoS
    • H04L41/5009—Determining service level performance parameters or violations of service level contracts, e.g. violations of agreed response time or mean time between failures [MTBF]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H04W24/04—Arrangements for maintaining operational condition
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/0005—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off
    • H04W36/0011—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off for data sessions of end-to-end connection
    • H04W36/0033—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off for data sessions of end-to-end connection with transfer of context information
    • H04W36/0044—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off for data sessions of end-to-end connection with transfer of context information of quality context information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/18—Service support devices; Network management devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H04W24/10—Scheduling measurement reports ; Arrangements for measurement reports

Definitions

  • the application relates to wireless communication technology, and in particular, to a method and equipment for Quality of Service measurement collection.
  • the 5G or pre-5G communication system is also called a ‘beyond 4G network’ or a ‘post long term evolution (LTE) system’.
  • the 5G communication system is considered to be implemented in higher frequency (mmWave) bands, e.g., 60 giga-Hertz (GHz) bands, so as to accomplish higher data rates.
  • mmWave giga-Hertz
  • FD-MIMO full dimensional MIMO
  • array antenna analog beamforming, and large scale antenna techniques are discussed with respect to 5G communication systems.
  • RANs cloud radio access networks
  • D2D device-to-device
  • SWSC sliding window superposition coding
  • ACM advanced coding modulation
  • FBMC filter bank multi carrier
  • NOMA non-orthogonal multiple access
  • SCMA sparse code multiple access
  • the Internet which is a human centered connectivity network where humans generate and consume information
  • IoT Internet of things
  • IoE Internet of everything
  • technologies such as technologies connectivity network where humans generate and consume information
  • the cloud server has IoT implementation
  • M2M machine-to-machine
  • MTC machine type communication
  • Such an IoT environment may provide intelligent Internet technology services that create a new value to human life by collecting and analyzing data generated among connected things.
  • IoT may be applied to a variety of fields including smart home, smart building, smart city, smart car or connected cars, smart grid, health care, smart appliances and advanced medical services through convergence and combination between existing information technology (IT) and various industrial applications.
  • 5G communication systems to IoT networks.
  • technologies such as a sensor network, MTC, and M2M communication may be implemented by beamforming, MIMO, and array antennas.
  • Application of a cloud RAN as the above-described big data processing technology may also be considered to be as an example of convergence between the 5G technology and the IoT technology.
  • the disclosure provides a method for Quality of Experience (QoE) Measurement Collection (QMC), which comprises the following steps: transmitting, by a node, first information to at least one of UEs, wherein the first information is generated by the node or received by the node from other node(s).
  • QoE Quality of Experience
  • QMC Quality of Experience Measurement Collection
  • Fig. 1 illustrates an exemplary system architecture of system architecture evolution (SAE);
  • Fig. 2 illustrates an exemplary system architecture according to various embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 3 illustrates a 5G architecture diagram according to various embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 4 illustrates a schematic diagram of management-based QMC
  • Fig. 5 illustrates an example of a method for QMC according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 6 illustrates an example of a method for QMC according to another embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 7 illustrates an example of a method for QMC according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 8 illustrates an example of a method for QMC according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 9 illustrates an example of a method for QMC according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 10 illustrates an example of a method for QMC according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 11 illustrates an example of a method for QMC according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 12 illustrates an example of a method for QMC according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 13 illustrates an example of a method for QMC according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 14 illustrates an example of a method for QMC according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 15 illustrates a user equipment (UE) according to embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 16 illustrates a base station according to embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • a method for Quality of Experience (QoE) Measurement Collection comprises the following steps: transmitting, by a node, first information to one or more UEs, wherein the first information is generated by the node or received by the node from other node(s).
  • the first information is QMC configuration information.
  • the QMC configuration information is generated by the node based on second information received from the other node(s) or based on a cause of the node itself.
  • the second information relates to the following procedures: a request for QMC or PDU session modification or PDU session deletion.
  • the QMC configuration information includes one or more QMC references, different QMC references are used to identify different QMC jobs, and each QMC job includes one or more application references to identify service types.
  • the QMC configuration information is one of the following information: activating QMC configuration information, deactivating QMC configuration information or modifying QMC configuration information.
  • the activating QMC configuration information includes configuration condition information, wherein the configuration condition information includes one or more of the following information: geographic area information, network slice information, moving speed information, and/or radio coverage environment information.
  • the node selects one or more UEs based on the configuration condition information.
  • the activating QMC configuration information includes a reporting configuration, which includes one of the following reporting methods: session end reporting, periodic reporting, or event-triggered reporting.
  • trigger events of the event-triggered reporting include one or more of the following events: changes of serving cell, changes of radio environment, or sudden degradation of quality of experience of users.
  • an embodiment according to the present disclosure further comprises receiving QMC report(s) from at least one of the UEs, wherein the QMC report includes one or more of the following information: serving cell information, network slice information, QoS information, or DRB information.
  • an embodiment according to the present disclosure further comprises: obtaining, by the node, the required Quality of Experience (QoE) information based on the QMC report, or inferring other QoE information based on the QoE information, or transmitting, by the node, the QMC report or the QoE information or the other QoE information to other one or more nodes.
  • QoE Quality of Experience
  • the deactivating QMC configuration information or the modifying QMC configuration information includes a QMC reference and/or an application reference to indicate which QMC job and/or measurement for a specific service in the QMC job needs to be deactivated.
  • the modifying QMC configuration information may also include one or more of the following information: a reporting period, a cache indication, or a cache restriction condition.
  • the first information includes a scope indication.
  • the first message may also include QMC report cache information.
  • the QMC report cache information indicates a status of the cache indication or whether a reporting period is configured.
  • the scope indication is information indicating a checking result obtained by checking configuration conditions by the other nodes in response to handover related information including configuration condition information transmitted by the node.
  • a method for Quality of Experience (QoE) Measurement Collection comprises the following steps: receiving, by a UE, a first message from a node; determining, by the UE, information related to the QMC based on the received first message.
  • QoE Quality of Experience
  • the first message includes QMC configuration information
  • the QMC configuration information includes one or more QMC references
  • different QMC references are used to identify different QMC jobs
  • each QMC job includes one or more application references to identify service types.
  • the QMC configuration information is one of the following information: activating QMC configuration information, deactivating QMC configuration information or modifying QMC configuration information.
  • the determining, by the UE, information related to the QMC based on the received first message comprises: determining, by the UE, whether to perform QoE measurement based on the configuration condition information included in the QMC configuration information, and if a determination result is yes, UE performs QoE measurement and transmits the QMC report obtained by the measurement to the node.
  • the QMC configuration information also includes a reporting configuration, and the UE performs QMC reporting based on the reporting configuration.
  • the determining, by the UE, information related to the QMC based on the received first message comprises: determining, by the UE, to deactivate a corresponding QMC job and/or measurement for a specific service in a QMC job based on a reference identity included in the deactivating QMC configuration information, wherein the reference identity includes a QMC reference and/or an application reference.
  • the determining, by the UE, information related to the QMC based on the received first message comprises: depending on whether the modifying QMC configuration information indicates to deactivate one or more of a plurality of QMC jobs or the measurement for one or more services in the QMC jobs, or to modify a reporting occasion of the QMC report, deactivating the indicated QMC job(s) or the measurement for a specific service in the QMC job, or controlling the reporting time of the QMC report, by the UE, according to the content in the modifying QMC configuration information.
  • the first message is related to PDU session modification or PDU session deletion
  • the determining, by the UE, information related to the QMC based on the received first message comprises: determining, by the UE, whether to start or stop QoE measurement based on the information about PDU session modification or PDU session deletion.
  • the first message is a message including a scope indication and/or report cache information
  • the report cache information includes at least one of the following information: a reporting period, a cache indication, or a cache restriction condition.
  • the determining, by the UE, information related to the QMC based on the received first message comprises: in response to receiving the scope indication, determining, by the UE, whether to perform QoE measurement based on the scope indication, and if a determination result is yes, UE starts measurement and generates a QMC report including assistance information; in response to receiving report cache information, performing, by the UE, one of the following actions based on the report cache information: caches the QMC report, or transmitting the QMC report to the node by an application layer measurement report message.
  • a method for Quality of Experience (QoE) Measurement Collection comprises: receiving, by a first node, a first request message from a second node; and transmitting, by the first node, a response message related to the QMC to the second node.
  • QoE Quality of Experience
  • QMC Quality of Experience Measurement Collection
  • the first request message is a handover request message and the response message is a handover request acknowledge message; or the first request message is a handover required message and the response message is a handover command message; wherein the handover request message or the handover required message includes application layer measurement configuration information, and the application layer measurement configuration information includes at least one of the following information: a QMC reference, an application reference, QMC report cache information and configuration condition information.
  • the configuration condition information includes one or more of the following information: network slice information, moving speed information and radio coverage environment information.
  • the report cache information indicates a status of a cache indication or whether a reporting period is configured.
  • the handover request acknowledge message or the handover command message includes a handover information container, and the handover information container includes scope indication information indicating a checking result of configuration condition information.
  • the handover request acknowledge message or the handover command message also includes a cache indication or a reporting period.
  • an embodiment according to the present disclosure further comprises: the first request message is a retrieve UE context request message, and the response message is a retrieve UE context response message, wherein the retrieve UE context response message includes application layer measurement configuration information, and the application layer measurement configuration information includes at least one of the following information: a QMC reference, an application reference, QMC report cache information, and configuration condition information, wherein the configuration condition information includes one or more of the following information: network slice information, moving speed information and radio coverage environment information.
  • an embodiment according to the present disclosure further comprises: the first request message is a message to request - QMC report(s) or QoE information, and the response message is a message to response the requested QMC report or QoE information; wherein the message to request - QMC report(s) or QoE information and the message to response the requested QMC report or QoE information include one or more of the following information: cell information, network slice information, QoS information, or DRB information.
  • a QMC device comprises: a transceiver unit configured to receive and transmit wireless data, a memory configured to store data, and a processor configured to execute the method for QMC according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the present disclosure provides an improved method and device for Quality of Experience (QoE) Measurement Collection (QMC).
  • QoE Quality of Experience
  • the method and device according to the present disclosure can help operators collect user Quality of Experience (QoE) information on different network slices, different mobile scenarios and/or different radio environments and apply the quality of Experience (QoE) information of users to network maintenance and optimization more quickly and completely, so that Quality of Experience (QoE) of users can be better guaranteed and improved, thereby enhancing user loyalty and further increasing earnings of the operators.
  • QoE Quality of Experience
  • QMC Quality of Experience Measurement Collection
  • 5G refers to the fifth generation mobile communication technology. Different from the previous four generations of communication technologies, 5G is not a single wireless communication technology, but a fusion of existing wireless communication technologies. At present, a peak rate of LTE can reach 100Mbps, while that of 5G can reach 10Gbps, which is 100 times higher than that of 4G.
  • the existing 4G network has limited spontaneous processing capability and cannot support a part of services such as high-definition video, high-quality voice, augmented reality and virtual reality. 5G will introduce more advanced technologies, and meet the demand for mobile traffic growth jointly through higher spectrum efficiency, more spectrum resources and denser cells, so as to solve the problems faced by 4G networks, thus building a network society with high transmission rate, high capacity, low delay, high reliability and excellent user experience.
  • Figs. 1 to 15 discussed below and various embodiments for describing the principles of the present disclosure in this patent document are only for illustration and should not be interpreted as limiting the scope of the disclosure in any way. Those skilled in the art will understand that the principles of the present disclosure can be implemented in any suitably arranged system or device.
  • Fig. 1 is an exemplary system architecture 100 of system architecture evolution (SAE).
  • UE User equipment
  • E-UTRAN evolved universal terrestrial radio access network
  • E-UTRAN radio access network
  • MME mobility management entity
  • SGW serving gateway
  • a packet data network gateway (PGW) 105 is responsible for functions of charging, lawful interception, etc., and may also be in a same physical entity as the SGW 104.
  • a policy and charging rules function entity (PCRF) 106 provides quality of service (QoS) policies and charging criteria.
  • a general packet radio service support node (SGSN) 108 is a network node device that provides routing for data transmission in a universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS).
  • a home subscriber server (HSS) 109 is a home subsystem of the UE, and is responsible for protecting user information including a current location of the user equipment, an address of a serving node, user security information, and packet data context of the user equipment, etc.
  • Fig. 2 is an exemplary system architecture 200 according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. Other embodiments of the system architecture 200 can be used without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.
  • User equipment (UE) 201 is a terminal device for receiving data.
  • a next generation radio access network (NG-RAN) 202 is a radio access network, which includes a base station (a gNB or an eNB connected to 5G core network 5GC, and the eNB connected to the 5GC is also called ng-gNB) that provides UE with interfaces to access the radio network.
  • An access control and mobility management function entity (AMF) 203 is responsible for managing mobility context and security information of the UE.
  • a user plane function entity (UPF) 204 mainly provides functions of user plane.
  • a session management function entity SMF 205 is responsible for session management.
  • a data network (DN) 206 includes, for example, services of operators, access of Internet and services of third parties.
  • the base station can be divided into two parts, one of which is called Central Unit (CU) and the other is called Distribute Unit (DU).
  • the DU is closer to users, while the CU is far away from antennas and may support multi-antenna connection to improve network performance.
  • One CU can be connected to multiple DUs, and functions on the CU may be virtualized.
  • the CU and the DU are connected through F1 interface, which is also called fronthaul interface or fronthaul connection.
  • Functions of Radio Resource Control (RRC) and Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) are implemented on the CU, and functions of Radio Link Control (RLC), Media Access Control (MAC) and physical layer are implemented on the DU.
  • RRC Radio Resource Control
  • PDCP Packet Data Convergence Protocol
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of 5G architecture 300 according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. Other embodiments of the 5G architecture 300 can be used without departing from the scope of the present disclosure
  • 5G architecture includes 5G access network and 5G core network.
  • UE communicates with the data network through the access network and the core network.
  • a central unit may be further divided into a control function entity (hereinafter referred to as a CU-CP entity or a CP entity) and a user plane function entity (hereinafter referred to as a CU-UP entity or a UP entity).
  • the CP entity and the UP entity may be separate physical entities.
  • the interface between the CP and the UP is called E1 interface.
  • the CP is connected with the core network through NG-C and with the DU through F1-C.
  • the UP is connected with the core network through NG-U and with DU through F1-U.
  • QoE Measurement Collection for streaming media services and multimedia telephony service has been standardized by the 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP).
  • the QoE Measurement Collection can collect UE application layer measurement information, which may be measured and collected in a certain area or for a specific service or a certain service type of specific UE (User Equipment).
  • the collected information can be transmitted to a data center (e.g., a Measurement Collector Entity (MCE)), and then used to analyze and/or calculate Key Performance Indictor (KPI for short), so as to optimize the network and improve the quality of experience of users, and finally enhance user loyalty and increase earnings.
  • MCE Measurement Collector Entity
  • KPI Key Performance Indictor
  • the method or the device for quality of experience measurement collection (QMC) provided in the present disclosure may help operators to measure and collect the quality of experience of users on network slices, and evaluate whether slice resources are used reasonably and whether further optimization is needed according to measurement results.
  • the method or the device of the present disclosure is also helpful to measure and collect the quality of experience of users under different moving speeds and/or coverage conditions, so as to assist in solving the problems of identifying and optimizing networks.
  • the method or the device provided in the present disclosure is also helpful to ensure integrity of QMC report(s) even under a condition of network congestion or imperfect network functions.
  • the disclosure is also helpful for radio access network equipment to configure, read and use quality of experience (QoE) information, and apply the QoE information to radio network optimization and functions more quickly for assisting in resource scheduling, load balancing and other processes, so that users in the network may experience the best quality of service on limited resources, thereby enhancing user loyalty and increasing earnings.
  • QoE quality of experience
  • the QMC may be divided into two types, which are management-based QMC and signalling-based QMC.
  • the QMC can be initiated by an element management node, and this type of QMC is called as the management-based QMC.
  • an access network entity receives a QMC configuration message from an element management node.
  • the QMC can be initiated by a core network entity, and this type of QMC is called as the signalling-based QMC.
  • the signalling-based QMC an access network entity receives a QMC configuration message from the core network entity.
  • the core network entity may be, for example, an access and mobility management function (AMF). However, it should be understood that this is only an example.
  • the core network entity transmitting the QMC configuration message may also be other entities.
  • a network side does not know whether UE has an ability to measure and/or record the requested data, it is necessary for the UE to report to the network side whether it has the measurement capability during the session establishment. Only the UE with the capability of measurement required by a management system from the network side may start measurement when certain conditions are met.
  • Fig. 4 depicts a schematic diagram of management-based QMC.
  • an Element Management (EM) node 401 transmits a QMC configuration message to an access network node 402.
  • the access network node 402 may be an eNB of a 4G system, a gNB or an eNB of a 5G system, or a base station of other systems.
  • the QMC configuration message includes QMC configuration information.
  • the QMC configuration information may be activating QMC configuration or deactivating QMC configuration.
  • the QMC configuration information mainly includes information such as a QMC location selection condition, a reporting mechanism configuration, a QMC reference, and an IP address of a QMC central node 404 (e.g., MCE).
  • the QMC location selection condition configures information about area where UEs may be selected as UEs for QMC.
  • the location selection condition may be configured as the scope of the cells, the scope of the tracking area, or the whole PLMN. UEs within a scope identified by the location selection condition may be selected as UEs for QMC.
  • Each QMC reference uniquely identifies a QMC job. In each QMC job, the base station may select one or more UEs for QMC.
  • the access network node 402 Upon receiving the QMC configuration message, the access network node 402 selects the UE(s) for QMC. When the access network node selects UE(s), it should follow certain conditions, such as considering whether the UE has a measurement capability for corresponding service indicated in the QMC configuration information and/or whether the UE is located within the area identified by the location selection condition in the QMC configuration information. If the UE does not have the measurement capability for the corresponding service, or if the UE does not meet the location selection condition, the UE may not be selected as a UE for QMC. After selecting the UE, the access network node transmits the QMC configuration information to the selected UE.
  • the selected UE decides whether to start QoE measurement by checking the QMC configuration condition. If the UE decides to start the QoE measurement, the UE feeds back an indication of starting measurement to the EM through the access network, and the UE transmits a measurement result to the network node when meeting the reporting condition configured in the reporting mechanism configuration.
  • a message for transmitting a QoE measurement result at least includes an identity of QMC, a UE identity, a session identity and an IP address of the MCE. Upon receiving this message, the access network node transmits the QoE measurement result to the MCE.
  • the difference in signalling-based QMC is that the QMC configuration message is transmitted from the core network entity to the access network entity, and the QMC configuration information is distributed by the core network entity.
  • Fig. 5 illustrates an example of a method for QMC according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • a method 500 for QMC according to one embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated in Fig. 5. Detailed description of steps unrelated to the present disclosure or well known in the art is omitted in the drawings and the description herein, so as to avoid obscuring the scheme of the present disclosure.
  • the method 500 comprises the following steps:
  • a first node transmits QMC configuration information or QMC request information to a second node.
  • the first node may be an element management node or a core network node or a base station or a CU-UP or a DU.
  • the core network node may be AMF, a Session Management Function (SMF) or a network data analysis function (NWDAF).
  • the second node may be a base station or a CU-CP.
  • the QMC configuration information may be activating QMC configuration information, deactivating QMC configuration information or modifying QMC configuration information.
  • the QMC configuration information may include one or more QMC jobs, each QMC job is identified by a QMC reference, each QMC job may include one or more service types to be measured, and measurement configuration of each service type is identified by an application reference.
  • Configuration condition information may also be included in the activating QMC configuration.
  • the configuration condition information may include one or more of the following information: geographical area information, network slice information, moving speed information, and/or radio coverage environment information, etc., depending on different scenario purposes for QMC. It should be understood that the configuration condition information is not limited to the above-mentioned several types of information, but may also include other types of information as long as the information is helpful to perform corresponding QMC for different scenarios.
  • the QMC request information may be a request for measuring and collecting specific quality of experience information of a specific UE or a specific cell or a specific network slice.
  • the QMC request information may include condition information for one or more requests, such as UE ID, Cell ID, network slice information and service type, etc.
  • the second node receives and saves the QMC configuration information or the second node generates QMC configuration information by itself.
  • the QMC configuration information may be generated by the second node according to the QMC request information described in step 501, or may be generated by the second node according to other causes or messages, or triggered for its own causes.
  • the QMC configuration information may be activating QMC configuration information, deactivating QMC configuration information or modifying QMC configuration information.
  • the second node checks configuration condition information, UE capability information and/or UE context information, and the second node transmits the QMC configuration information transmitted by the first node or generated by itself to UEs satisfying the conditions.
  • the process performed by the UE is divided into the following embodiments:
  • Embodiment 1 if the received QMC configuration information is the activating QMC configuration, when it needs to start a session for service type indicated in the activating QMC configuration, the UE decides whether to measure according to the configuration condition information in the activating QMC configuration.
  • the configuration condition information may include one or more of condition information, and UE starts to measure QoE only when the UE meets all of the condition information at the same time.
  • the UE performs QoE measurement. After the measurement is completed, the UE proceeds to step 504. At step 504, the UE generates QMC report(s). And if reporting condition(s) are met, the UE transmits the QMC report(s) to the second node.
  • Embodiment 2 if the received QMC configuration information is the deactivating QMC configuration, the UE decides which measurement(s) to be deactivated according to the reference identity(s) in the QMC configuration, wherein the reference identity(s) include QMC reference(s) and/or application reference(s). For example, there are two implementations of the deactivating. In one implementation, the UE stops QoE measurement for the identified service according to the reference identity in the received deactivating QMC configuration. In the second implementation, the UE continues current measurement for the identified service, but does not start a new QoE measurement for the identified service.
  • Embodiment 3 if the received QMC configuration information is QMC modifying configuration, the UE performs operations adapted to the modifying configuration according to the different cases of the QMC modifying configuration.
  • the QMC modifying configuration may be to deactivate one or more measurement jobs among a plurality of measurement jobs, in which case, the UE may deactivate the corresponding measurement jobs according to the received QMC modifying configuration.
  • the implementation of the deactivating has been described above, and will not be repeated here.
  • the QMC modifying configuration may be to modify reporting occasion of the QMC report.
  • the modifying reporting occasion of the QMC report may be, for example, to suspend or cache the reporting of the QMC report due to a cause of a radio side.
  • the modifying reporting occasion of the QMC report does not affect the measurement of the UE for QoE.
  • the UE may control reporting time of the QMC report according to the received QMC modifying configuration.
  • the second node may use the QMC report for various network optimization, scheduling, etc.
  • the second node forwards the QMC report to an entity or a node specified in the QMC activating configuration (e.g., according to an address included in the QMC activating configuration).
  • the second node when receiving the QMC report transmitted by the UE, in step 505, the second node may also process the QMC report and then transmit it to a specific entity or node.
  • the entity or node may be a data center such as a MCE or a Trace Collection Entity (TCE).
  • TCE Trace Collection Entity
  • the entity or node may also be a core network node or a base station.
  • the core network node can be AMF, or SMF, or NSSF, or PCF, or NWDAF, etc. It should be understood that the examples of entities or nodes in the present disclosure are only illustrative and are not intended to be limiting.
  • the UE and/or nodes on the network side may collect and measure quality of experience information of users on different network slices, under different moving speeds or different coverage conditions, thus it is helpful for better network optimization.
  • the method 500 for QMC according to the embodiment of the present disclosure is also helpful to ensure the integrity of the QMC report in the case of network congestion or imperfect functions, for example, by modifying the QMC configuration.
  • the method 500 for QMC enables the base station itself to initiate or generate QMC configuration information, and directly utilizes the QMC configuration information transmitted by the UE, so that QoE-aware radio network optimization may be made faster at the same time, which is also beneficial for improving experience of quality of users.
  • Fig. 6 illustrates an example of a method for QMC according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • a method 600 for QMC according to one embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated in Fig. 6. Detailed description of steps unrelated to the present disclosure or well known in the art is omitted in the drawings and the description herein, so as to avoid obscuring the scheme of the present disclosure.
  • the method 600 for QMC may start from steps 601a or 601b, respectively, depending on an entity that initiates the activation of QMC. This will be explained in detail below.
  • the activating QMC configuration information may include one or more parameter sets, wherein each parameter set may include the following information:
  • each QMC reference is used to identify one QMC measurement job, and one QMC measurement job may correspond to one or more configuration condition information and service types.
  • the QMC configuration container includes QoE evaluation metrics for a certain service, such as information of delay, throughput, buffer and device, etc., and the evaluation metrics are different for different services.
  • the configuration condition information may include one or more of the following conditions: area selection information, network slice information, moving speed information, and/or radio coverage environment, etc.
  • the check of configuration conditions may be performed by the base station or the UE.
  • the configuration condition information may be included in a RRC message.
  • the configuration condition information may be included in the QMC configuration container.
  • the configuration condition information may include one or more of the following information:
  • S-NSSAI single network slice selection assistance information
  • This type of configuration condition information may be checked by the base station or the UE.
  • Moving speed information which is used to specify that UE may have a condition of starting the QoE measurement only in a certain moving speed range. For example, UE only needs to perform the QoE measurement when UE moves at high speed or low speed.
  • Moving speed information parameters may include moving speed evaluation duration, threshold for cell change times, evaluation hysteresis and other parameters. This type of configuration condition information may be checked by the UE.
  • radio network coverage environment information which is used to restrict UE to start the QoE measurement only in a certain radio environment. For example, only UE in poor coverage or high interference scenarios needs to perform the QoE measurement.
  • the radio coverage environment information parameters may include one or more of the following parameters, threshold values such as reference signal reception power (RSRP) or reference signal reception quality (RSRQ), evaluation time and evaluation delay, etc. This type of configuration condition information may be checked by the UE.
  • RSRP reference signal reception power
  • RSRQ reference signal reception quality
  • - reporting configuration which is time and/or trigger events for a UE to report a QMC report.
  • it may be session end reporting, periodic reporting or event-triggered reporting.
  • the event may be, for example, changes of serving cell, changes of radio environment, or a sudden degradation of user service experience, etc.
  • the network side may perform QMC on purpose for faster optimization.
  • the core network transmits the activating QMC configuration information to the base station.
  • the process may be divided into following scenarios:
  • Scenario 1 the trigger for the activation of QMC configuration is before registration of the UE.
  • the core network transmits the activating QMC configuration information to the base station through an initial context request message during UE registration.
  • Scenario 2 the trigger for the activation of QMC configuration is after the registration of the UE.
  • the core network transmits the activating QMC configuration information to the base station through a trace start message.
  • the core network transmits the activating QMC configuration information to the base station through a PDU session resource setup request message.
  • the core network transmits the activating QMC configuration information to the base station through a PDU session resource modify request message.
  • the base station After receiving the activating QMC configuration information from the EM or the core network, the base station performs checking according to one or more of the following information: the received activating QMC configuration information, QoE measurement capabilities of UEs served by the base station, area condition information and/or network slice information indicated in the configuration condition information in the activating QMC configuration information, etc., so as to select the UEs meets all the conditions.
  • the check of QoE measurement capability of a UE may be performed by the base station.
  • the check of area condition information and network slice information and so on may be performed by the base station or the UE.
  • the base station performs the check of conditions indicated by the configuration condition information, if the QMC configuration is for a measurement of quality of experience of a specific network slice, the base station queries network slice information in the UE PDU session context to determine whether there is a UE that is using the network slice indicated in the QMC configuration and has QoE measurement capability.
  • the base station transmits an RRC reconfiguration message to the UE, wherein the RRC reconfiguration message includes the activating QMC configuration information to include setup information on application layer configuring measurement configuration, i.e. information on activating QMC configuration.
  • the RRC reconfiguration message includes the activating QMC configuration information to include setup information on application layer configuring measurement configuration, i.e. information on activating QMC configuration.
  • Contents that may be included in the above-mentioned activating QMC configuration are the same as those described in step 601a, and will not be repeated here for the sake of clarity.
  • the UE checks configuration condition information in the activating QMC configuration information when a service corresponding to the service type indicated in the activating QMC configuration starts a session.
  • the configuration condition information may be one or more configuration conditions.
  • the configuration conditions may be information such as area condition information, network slice information, moving speed information, and/or radio coverage environment information, etc. If the configuration condition is checked by the UE and the activating QMC configuration includes corresponding configuration condition information, the UE needs to check whether the configuration conditions are met according to the current location information, network slice information, cell change speed and/or current radio environment, etc.
  • UE According to a scope indication which is a checking result of the configuration condition information transmitted from the base station and/or a checking result performed by the UE itself, UE knows whether all configuration conditions for QoE measurement are met at this time. If yes, QoE measurement will start, or if not, QoE measurement will not start.
  • step 605 the UE generates QMC reports according to the received activating QMC configuration after starting the QoE measurement.
  • the UE transmits the generated QMC reports to the base station through an application layer measurement report message.
  • the base station performs one of the following steps 606a-606b after receiving the QMC report reported by the UE.
  • an address included in the activating QMC configuration is address information of a data center
  • the base station proceeds to step 606a, where the base station forwards the QMC report to the data center.
  • the data center may be a TCE or a MCE.
  • the data center may statistically collect or analyze the overall quality of experience of users on the network slice at present. According to analysis results, the network side may evaluate problems such as whether a capability of the network slice is sufficient, whether resource allocation and parameter configuration are reasonable, etc., and further analyze causes and output suggestions for expansion or optimization. After optimization, the network side may collect QoE information again and make comparison of the before and after optimization.
  • the data center may statistically collect or analyze the quality of experience of users moving in high speed. According to the analysis results and combining with information such as network configuration, etc., the network side may evaluate whether the network configuration in the high speed moving scenarios is reasonable and whether further optimization is needed, etc. After optimization, the network side may collect QoE information again and make comparison of the before and after optimization.
  • the data center may statistically collect or analyze the quality of experience of users in different coverage environments according to models.
  • the network side may evaluate impact of radio environment on the quality of experience of users, and further optimize the network configuration to improve the quality of experience of users. After optimization, the network side may collect QoE information again and make comparison of the before and after optimization.
  • the data center may analyze the QMC report according to manners described in the above exemplary implementation, and perform network optimization according to analysis results.
  • the data center may also transmit relevant data obtained after analyzing the QMC report to other nodes to assist the other nodes for optimization.
  • the other nodes may be, for example, base stations or core network nodes, and the core network nodes may be, for example, AMF, or SMF, or NSSF, or NWDAF, or PCF, etc.
  • the base station forwards the QMC report to the core network node in step 606b.
  • the core network node may be, for example, AMF, or SMF, or NSSF, or NWDAF, or PCF, etc.
  • the core network receiving the QMC report may statistically collect and analyze the QMC report as described in step 606a.
  • the core network node may evaluate and decide whether it’s necessary to adjust QoS parameters of the UE according to results of statistically collecting and analyzing the QMC report, so as to improve the quality of experience of users.
  • the core network node may evaluate whether a strategy of network slice selection needs to be modified according to the results of statistically collecting and analyzing the QMC report, so that the quality of experience of users on all network slices may meet the requirements.
  • various nodes on the network side may activate QMC configuration, so as to collect and measure quality of experience information of users on different network slices, different moving speeds or different coverage conditions, thereby more accurately optimizing the network slices, optimizing the quality of experience of users in high speed moving scenarios as well as poor coverage and high interference areas, thereby enhancing user loyalty and increasing earnings.
  • Fig. 7 illustrates an example of a method for QMC according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • a method 700 for QMC according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated in Fig. 7. Detailed description of steps unrelated to the present disclosure or well known in the art is omitted in the drawings and the description herein, so as to avoid obscuring the scheme of the present disclosure.
  • the method 700 for QMC may start from steps 701a, 701b, or 701c, respectively, depending on an entity that initiates activation of QMC and/or corresponding embodiments. This will be explained in detail below.
  • Embodiment 1 under a separated architecture, a CU-UP or DU in a base station may initiate activation or request of QMC configuration to a CU-CP for optimization purposes such as flow control or scheduling, etc.
  • the CU-UP or DU transmits activating or requesting QMC configuration information to the CU-CP, and the activating or requesting QMC configuration information may be transmitted through a new message.
  • the new message is, for example, an application layer measurement configuration message or an application layer measurement configuration request message.
  • the QMC configuration may be, for example, QMC configuration for a specific data radio bearer (DRB) of a specific UE.
  • DRB data radio bearer
  • the message includes a specific QoE measurement configuration container.
  • the QoE measurement configuration container includes QoE evaluation metrics for a certain service, such as information of delay, throughput, buffer and device. The QoE evaluation metrics are different for different target services.
  • the QoE measurement configuration container also includes reporting configuration for QMC report(s). The reporting may be, for example, periodic reporting, and session end reporting or event-triggered reporting.
  • the application layer measurement configuration request message does not include a specific QoE measurement configuration container.
  • the QoE measurement configuration container is generated by the CU-CP after receiving the request.
  • the application layer measurement configuration message or the application layer measurement configuration request message may also include one or more parameter sets, and each parameter set may include one or more of the following information:
  • each QMC reference is used to identify one QMC job, and one QMC job may correspond to one or more configuration condition information and service types.
  • UE ID which is used to indicate UE that needs to perform QoE measurement.
  • QoS identity which is used to indicate a QoS type to be measured, and may be a 5G Quality Identity (5QI) or a QoS Class Identity (QCI).
  • 5QI 5G Quality Identity
  • QCI QoS Class Identity
  • DRB ID which is used to indicate corresponding DRB information of the UE to be measured.
  • a service type which is used to indicate a service type to be measured, such as voice service, video service or game, etc.
  • Embodiment 2 in a radio access network, a base station may initiate activation or request of QMC configuration to a neighbour base station for optimization purposes such as load balancing, etc.
  • a second base station transmits activating QMC configuration information or a QMC configuration request to the first base station.
  • the activating QMC configuration information or the QMC configuration request may be transmitted through a new message.
  • the new message is, for example, an application layer measurement configuration message or an application layer measurement configuration request message.
  • the activating QMC configuration information or the QMC configuration request may also be transmitted through an existing message, such as a resource status request message.
  • the activating QMC configuration information or the QMC configuration request may include information about a request for QoE measurement for a specific QoS service or a specific network slice in a cell.
  • the application layer measurement configuration message may include a specific QoE measurement configuration container.
  • the QoE measurement configuration container includes QoE evaluation metrics for a certain service, such as information of delay, throughput, buffer and device. The evaluation metrics are different for different target services.
  • the QoE measurement configuration container may also include reporting configuration.
  • the reporting configuration may be, for example, periodic reporting, session end reporting or event-triggered reporting, etc.
  • the application layer measurement configuration request message does not include a specific QoE measurement configuration container.
  • the QoE measurement configuration container is generated by the first base station according to the situations after receiving the request.
  • the application layer measurement configuration message or the application layer measurement configuration request message may also include one or more parameter sets.
  • Each parameter set may include one or more of the following information:
  • each QMC reference is used to identify one QMC job, and one QMC job may correspond to one or more configuration condition information and service types.
  • Cell ID which is used to indicate a cell for which QoE measurement needs to be performed.
  • a QoS identity which is used to indicate a QoS type for which QoE measurement needs to be performed, and may be a 5QI or a QCI.
  • Embodiment 3 a base station may initiate activation of QMC configuration by itself for optimization purposes such as scheduling, etc.
  • step 701c the first base station generates activating QMC configuration information by itself, which may be QoE measurement for a specific UE and/or a specific network slice and/or a specific service.
  • the QMC configuration information may be the same as those in step 701a and/or step 701b.
  • the first base station selects UE meeting conditions according to configuration condition information in the received QMC configuration information or in QMC configuration information generated by itself, a QoE measurement capability of the UE and/or network slice information being used by a UE PDU session, etc.
  • the check of the QoE measurement capability of UE must be performed by the base station.
  • the check of configuration conditions e.g., S-NSSAI and/or a Cell ID and/or a QoS identity
  • the configuration condition information need not be transmitted to the UE, and the base station needs to check whether the UE meets all the configuration conditions, and if so, transmits the activating QMC configuration information to the UE, and if not, does not transmit it to UE.
  • the first base station or CU-CP transmits a message to the UE meeting conditions to transfer the activating QMC configuration information.
  • the message may be, for example, an RRC reconfiguration message, in which application layer measurement configuration, that is, the activating QMC configuration information, is included.
  • the message may include content as described in steps 701a-701c.
  • the UE checks the configuration condition when starting a session, and decide whether to start QoE measurement based on a check result. If the check result is that the UE meets the configuration condition, the UE starts the QoE measurement. And if the check result is that the UE does not meet the configuration condition, the UE does not start the QoE measurement.
  • the UE If the UE starts the QoE measurement, after starting the measurement, in step 705, the UE generates a QMC report according to the reporting configuration.
  • the UE transmits the QMC report to the first base station or the CU-CP.
  • the QMC report may include a QoE report and/or other assistance information.
  • the QoE report is a measurement result generated according to the QoE evaluation metrics in the QoE measurement configuration container.
  • the assistance information may be information such as a Cell ID, a QoS identity and/or a DRB ID, which is used to assist a network side to analyse and identify network problems.
  • the CU-CP or the first base station After receiving the QMC report, the CU-CP or the first base station performs one step of the steps from 706a to 706c, depending on the entity that initiates the activation of QMC and the corresponding cases described above.
  • the CU-CP transmits the QMC report or the QoE information to the CU-UP/DU in step 706a.
  • the QMC report may be directly forwarded to the CU-UP/DU.
  • the QMC report may be processed and then transmitted to the CU-UP/DU.
  • the QoE information transmitted to the CU-UP/DU may be generated by the processed QMC report or inferred by other methods.
  • the QMC report may be transferred through a new message, such as an application layer measurement report message. If QoE information is transmitted by the CU-CP, the QoE information may be transferred through a new message, such as an application layer information indication message.
  • the processed QMC report may include relevant information obtained by converting QoE metrics into a Mean Opinion Score (MoS) through a model or selecting some important QoE metrics.
  • MoS Mean Opinion Score
  • the CU-UP/DU may calculate or directly obtain the quality of experience information of a specific DRB or a specific service type of a specific UE on an application layer. This information may be applied to a flow control strategy of the CU-UP or a scheduling strategy of the DU, which enables functions on the CU-UP or the DU to allocate or schedule resources more accurately based on the granularity smaller than QoS, so as to optimize the quality of experience of users.
  • the first base station transmits QMC report or QoE information to the second base station in step 706b if QMC activation is generated in step 701b, that is, the second base station initially triggers the QMC activation.
  • the QMC report may be directly forwarded to the second base station.
  • the QMC report may be processed and then transmitted to the second base station.
  • the QoE information may be generated from the processed QMC report or inferred by other methods.
  • the QMC report may be transmitted through a resource status update message. Alternatively, the QMC report may be transferred through a new message, for example, an application layer measurement report message. If the first base station transmits the QoE information, the QoE information may be transmitted through a resource status update message. Alternatively, the QoE information may be transferred through a new message, such as an application layer information indication message.
  • the second base station may calculate or directly obtain the quality of experience information of a specific network spice or a specific QoS type of a neighbour cell on an application layer.
  • This information and its own QoE measurement results may be used for QoE aware load balancing or traffic steering among base stations.
  • the functions consider the quality of experience of users on the basis of original base station load balance decision. Implementing load balancing or traffic steering on the premise of ensuring the quality of experience may not only meet the quality of experience of users and make efficient utilization of resources, but also reduce unnecessary handover caused by load balancing or traffic steering, thus reducing the risk of handover failure and the quality of experience degradation of users during handover.
  • the base station may optimize configuration of the base station according to the received QMC report or after processing QoE information reflected in the QMC report. Therefore, the base station may quickly obtain the required QMC report or QoE information, so that the configuration of the base station may be adjusted more quickly based on the QoE information.
  • multiple nodes on the network side may initiate activation of QMC configuration, and thus the QoE information may be configured and collected more quickly according to actual needs or actual situations, thereby the collected information being used for functions such as radio network scheduling, resource allocation and load balancing, etc. more quickly.
  • the method for QMC according to the embodiment of the disclosure may optimize the radio network more quickly and ensure and improve the quality of experience of users, thereby enhancing user loyalty and increasing earnings of operators.
  • Fig. 8 illustrates an example of a method 800 for QMC for deactivating or modifying QMC according to the present disclosure. A detailed description of steps unrelated to the present disclosure is omitted here.
  • the method for QMC may start from one of 801a-801d, depending on the entity that initiates the deactivation or modification of QMC configuration.
  • the OAM transmits the deactivating or modifying QMC configuration to EM
  • the EM transmits deactivating QMC configuration information or modifying QMC configuration information to the base station through a deactivating measurement job message or a modifying measurement job message.
  • the message carries the QMC reference and/or application reference to be deactivated, to indicate which QMC measurement job and/or measurement for a specific service in the QMC measurement job needs to be deactivated by the base station and/or UE.
  • the core network transmits the deactivating QMC configuration information or the modifying QMC configuration information to the base station.
  • Specific messages for transferring the deactivation or modification of QMC configuration are divided into the following cases.
  • the core network transmits a deactivate trace message or a trace modify message to the base station.
  • the deactivate trace message or the trace modify message may carry deactivating QMC configuration or modifying QMC configuration, respectively.
  • the core network transmits, to the base station, a PDU session resource modify request which may carry the deactivating QMC configuration or the modifying QMC configuration.
  • the core network transmits, to the base station, a PDU session resource release command which may carry the deactivating QMC configuration or the modifying QMC configuration.
  • the deactivating QMC configuration or the modifying QMC configuration carries a QMC reference and/or an application reference which needs to be deactivated for indicating which QMC job and/or measurement for a specific service in the QMC job needs to be deactivated by the base station and/or the UE. Since multiple QMC jobs may be configured at the same time in the activating QMC configuration, in which each QMC job is identified by a QMC reference, if the core network only needs to deactivate at least one of QMC jobs among them, it is necessary to carry a QMC reference corresponding to a specific QMC job that needs to be deactivated in the deactivating QMC configuration.
  • one QMC job may also include measurement for multiple services, each of which is identified by an application reference, if the core network only needs to deactivate the measurement for at least one of service, it is necessary to carry a QMC reference corresponding to a QMC job to be deactivated and an application reference of the corresponding service in the deactivating configuration.
  • the base station may also decide to initiate deactivation or modification of QMC configuration according to the actual situations. For example, there are two ways to check QMC configuration condition. One is checked by a base station and another one is checked by UE.
  • the base station may initiate the deactivation or modification of the QMC configuration.
  • the message transmitted by the base station to the UE for transferring the deactivating QMC configuration information or the modifying QMC configuration information carries a QMC reference and/or an application reference which needs to be deactivated for indicating which QMC job and/or measurement for a specific service in the QMC job needs to be deactivated .
  • the base station decides to deactivate or modify the QMC configuration for its own causes, in step 801d, the base station generates a message for transferring the deactivating QMC configuration information or the modifying QMC configuration information by itself and transmits it to the UE.
  • the message carries a QMC reference and/or an application reference for indicating which QMC job and/or measurement for a specific service in the QMC job needs to be deactivated.
  • the base station performs one of the steps 802a-802b according to a corresponding case.
  • the base station transmits, to the UE, the deactivating QMC configuration or the modifying QMC configuration information which is transferred by a RRC reconfiguration message.
  • the RRC reconfiguration message includes application layer measurement configuration release information, that is, the deactivating QMC configuration or the modifying QMC configuration information.
  • the UE knows to stop measurement for a corresponding QMC job or only stop measurement for a specific service in the QMC job. The advantage of such configuration is that it helps operators to control QMC more flexibly according to customer subscription status.
  • the base station notifies the UE of S-NSSAI modified by the PDU session or deleted PDU session ID through a RRC reconfiguration message in step 802b.
  • UE checks S-NSSAI in a PDU session when it prepares to start QoE measurement next time. If S-NSSAI changes, UE does not start QoE measurement. If the PDU session has been deleted, UE does not start QoE measurement.
  • the method for QMC according to the present disclosure supports deactivating QMC configuration of a corresponding network slice when the network slice serving UE PDU sessions changes. Meanwhile, the method for QMC of the present disclosure enables operators to more flexibly deactivate measurement configuration of QMC configuration or one or more service types in the QMC configuration.
  • Fig. 9 illustrates an example of a method 900 for QMC according to the present disclosure. A detailed description of steps unrelated to the present invention is omitted here.
  • the method 900 for QMC comprises following steps.
  • the base station triggers modification of QMC configuration.
  • the causes for triggering the modification may include:
  • the initial QMC reporting configuration may be re-initiated
  • QMC reporting may be suspended.
  • the initial QMC reporting configuration may be re-initiated.
  • the base station transmits to the UE an RRC reconfiguration message, which includes modification of measurement configuration for an application layer, that is, the modifying QMC configuration information, which may be used to modify reporting conditions of QMC.
  • the modifying QMC configuration information includes a QMC reference and/or an application reference corresponding to a QMC job to be modified, and may also include one or more of the following information:
  • the UE caches the QMC report until a time condition corresponding to the reporting period is met or a new reporting instruction is received.
  • a cache indication which is used to instruct the UE to cache the QMC report or instruct the UE to suspend caching and resume reporting the QMC report.
  • a cache restriction condition which is used to indicate time or a capacity limit for UE to cache the QMC report, and may be a timer parameter, a number of files or a occupied capacity. If the cache reaches the restriction condition, the UE no longer caches the report or deletes the oldest report.
  • step 903 after generating the QMC report, UE checks the reporting configuration. If there is no cache indication or reporting period configuration, in step 904, the UE transmits, to the base station, an application layer measurement report which may include the previously cached QMC report information. If there is a cache indication, the UE caches the QMC report and does not transmit it to the base station for a while. If there is a reporting period configuration, the UE caches the QMC report until the time for the reporting period arrives, and after that, the UE transmits the QMC report to the base station.
  • the method for QMC according to the present disclosure may ensure the integrity of the QMC report, and ensure that all measurement reports may be completely transmitted to the data center or related nodes, when the radio network is congested or has imperfect functions. It may also collect larger amount and more complete QoE information without affecting the quality of experience of other users in the network, so as to optimize the network more accurately.
  • Fig. 10 illustrates an example of a method 1000 for QMC according to the present disclosure. A detailed description of steps unrelated to the present disclosure is omitted here.
  • the method 1000 for QMC may comprise following steps.
  • a source base station transmits a handover request message to a target base station.
  • the handover request message includes application layer measurement configuration information, which may include one or more of all the information that may be included in the aforementioned activating QMC configuration information, for example, a QMC reference, an application reference and/or configuration condition information, etc.
  • the configuration condition information may include information such as S-NSSAI, moving speed condition and radio coverage environment condition, etc. The details may be as described in step 601a, for example.
  • the application layer measurement configuration information may also include QMC report cache information, for example, the status of cache indication or whether a reporting period is configured.
  • the target base station decides whether to modify the cache indication or the reporting period configuration according to load of the base station and/or whether it supports radio bearers for QMC reporting. Modifying the reporting period configuration may be remove of the configured reporting period or modify the reporting period. Specifically, for example, it may include, but is not limited to, the following two cases. In the first case, for the UE in the source base station, the cache indication is not-caching or no reporting period is configured by the base station, and the target base station has a high load or does not support the radio bearer for QMC reporting, the target base station may decide to set the cache indication to be caching or to configure a longer reporting period.
  • the cache indication is caching or a reporting period is configured by the base station, and the target base station does not have a high load or supports the radio bearers for QMC reporting, the target base station may decide to set the cache indication to be not-caching or remove the configured reporting period.
  • the target base station feeds back a handover request acknowledge message to the source base station, and the message may include a handover information container that needs to be transmitted to the UE finally.
  • the handover information container may include scope indication information indicating a check result of the configuration condition information.
  • the configuration condition information includes area information, network slice information, and the like. If the target base station to which the UE handovers does not meet the configuration condition information, the scope indication indicates out-of-scope, so as to inform the UE that it is not necessary to continue QoE measurement or start a new QoE measurement after handover to the target base station. If the target base station to which the UE handovers meets the configuration condition information, the scope indication indicates within scope, so as to inform the UE that it needs to continue QoE measurement or start a new QoE measurement after handover to the target base station.
  • the handover request acknowledge message may include a cache indication or a reporting period.
  • quality of experience information of the user on different network slices, different moving speeds or different coverage conditions may be collected and measured more completely, thereby more accurately optimizing the network slices, optimizing the quality of experience of the user in high speed moving scenarios and poor coverage and high interference areas, and finally enhancing user loyalty and increasing earnings.
  • Fig. 11 illustrates an example of a method 1100 for QMC according to the present disclosure. A detailed description of steps unrelated to the present disclosure is omitted here.
  • the method 1100 for QMC comprises following steps.
  • a source base station transmits a handover required message to core network
  • the core network transmits a handover request message to the target base station.
  • the above messages may both include application layer measurement configuration information.
  • the application layer measurement configuration information may include one or more of all the information that may be included in QMC configuration information in the aforementioned embodiments, for example, a QMC reference, an application reference and configuration condition information, etc.
  • the configuration condition information includes information such as S-NSSAI, moving speed condition and radio coverage environment condition, etc. See the related description in step 601a for details.
  • the application layer measurement configuration information may also include QMC report cache information, for example, the status of the cache indication or whether a reporting period is configured.
  • the target base station decides whether to modify the cache indication or the configured reporting period configuration according to load of the base station and/or whether it supports radio bearers for QMC reporting. Modifying the reporting period may be remove the configured reporting period or modify the reporting period. Specifically, it may include the following two cases. In the first case, the cache indication of the UE in the source base station is not-caching or no reporting period is configured, and the target base station has a high load or does not support radio bearers for QMC reporting, the target base station may decide to set the cache indication to be caching or to configure a longer reporting period.
  • the cache indication of the UE in the source base station is caching or a reporting period is configured, and the target base station does not have a high load or supports radio bearers for QMC reporting, the target base station may decide to set the cache indication to be not-caching or to remove the configured reporting period.
  • the target base station transmits a handover request acknowledge message to the core network
  • the core network transmits a handover command message to the source base station.
  • the handover request acknowledge and the handover command message may include scope indication indicating a check result of the configuration condition information to inform the UE whether to continue QoE measurement and reporting after handover.
  • the handover request acknowledge and the handover command message may include QMC report cache indication information, for example, a cache indication or a reporting period.
  • quality of experience information of the user on different network slices, different moving speeds or different coverage conditions may be collected and measured more completely, thereby more accurately optimizing the network slices, optimizing the quality of experience of the user in high speed moving scenarios and poor coverage and high interference areas, and finally enhancing user loyalty and increasing earnings.
  • Fig. 12 illustrates an example of a method 1200 for QMC according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. A detailed description of steps unrelated to the present disclosure is omitted here.
  • the method 1200 for QMC may comprise following steps.
  • a first base station transmits a retrieve UE context request message to a second base station.
  • the message carries an identity of UE in the radio network.
  • the second base station transmits a retrieve UE context response message to the first base station.
  • the message may include application layer measurement configuration information.
  • the application layer measurement configuration information may include one or more of all the information that may be included in QMC configuration information in the aforementioned embodiments, for example, a QMC reference, an application reference and configuration condition information, etc.
  • the configuration condition information may include information such as S-NSSAI, moving speed condition and radio coverage environment condition, etc. For details, please refer to the related description in step 601a, for example.
  • the application layer measurement configuration information may also include QMC report cache information, for example, whether there is a cache indication or whether a reporting period is configured.
  • the first base station decides whether to modify the cache indication or the reporting period according to load of the base station and/or whether it supports radio bearers for QMC reporting. Modifying the reporting period may be remove the reporting period or modify the reporting period. If it’s necessary to modify the cache indication or the configured reporting period, the first base station may transmit modifying QMC configuration information to the UE after receiving the retrieve UE context response message.
  • quality of experience information of a user on different network slices, different moving speeds or different coverage conditions may be collected and measured more completely, thereby more accurately optimizing the network slices, optimizing the quality of experience of the user in of high speed moving scenarios and poor coverage and high interference areas, and finally enhancing user loyalty and increasing earnings.
  • Fig. 13 illustrates an example of a method 1300 for QMC according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. A detailed description of steps unrelated to the present disclosure is omitted here.
  • the method 1300 for QMC may comprise following steps.
  • UE At step 1301, UE generates a QMC report and transmits the QMC report to a first node where appropriate.
  • the QMC report may also include some assistance information, such as network slice information, serving cell information and/or DRB information.
  • the UE checks whether there is a cache indication or a reporting period configuration. If there is a cache indication or the time corresponding to the reporting period has not yet arrived, the UE caches the QMC report. If there is no cache indication or the time corresponding to the reporting period is arrived, the UE transmits the QMC report to the first node through an application layer measurement report message.
  • the first node may be a base station or a CU-CP.
  • the first node receives the QMC report from the UE, reads and analyzes the QMC report, and obtains the QoE information if needed.
  • the QoE information may be the MOS value calculated according to models or important QoE metrics selected according to optimization purposes.
  • the first node may infer the required QoE information according to other information, which may be key performance parameters collected for the QoS types of users, such as throughput, packet loss, delay and so on.
  • the first node transmits the QMC report or the QoE information to a second node.
  • the second node may be a base station or CU-UP/DU or a core network node or an element management node or MCE or TCE.
  • the core network node may be AMF, or SMF, or NSSF, or NWDAF, or PCF.
  • the first node transmitting QMC report or QoE information to the second node may include the following embodiments.
  • an address information of a node for collecting the QoE which is pre-configured in the previous QMC configuration or QMC request is an address information of the second node.
  • Embodiment 2 the second node requests QoE information, and the first node feeds back the QoE information.
  • Embodiment 3 the first node actively transmits the QoE information.
  • the second node receives the QMC report or the QoE information.
  • the second node may perform further analysis and processing according to the received QMC report or QoE information, so as to optimize the network and enhance the quality of experience of users.
  • the base station may read or process or infer QoE information and transmit it to any possible node. This enables faster and more accurate optimization.
  • many functional entities may adjust resources after obtaining QoE, so that resources may be used more efficiently and better user experience may be provided more conveniently.
  • quality of experience information of a user on different network slices, different moving speeds or different coverage conditions may be collected, thereby optimizing the network better.
  • the integrity of the QMC report may be ensured even in the condition of network congestion or imperfect functions, and meanwhile, the QoE-based radio network optimization may become faster, which is more conducive to improving the quality of experience of users.
  • Fig. 14 illustrates an example of a method 1400 for QMC according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. A detailed description of steps unrelated to the present disclosure is omitted here.
  • the method 1400 for QMC may comprise following steps.
  • the method 1400 for QMC may start at step 1401a or 1401b depending on the way in which the first base station or CU-CP acquires QoE information.
  • the UE transmits a QMC report to the first base station or CU-CP, and the QMC report is transferred by an application layer measurement report message.
  • the message may also include the following information:
  • a QoE report container which is the specific measurement values output by an application layer according to QoE evaluation dimensions in a QMC configuration container, such as delay, buffer, throughput or user equipment information.
  • DRB ID a DRB ID, to indicate DRB information used during QoE measurement.
  • the information such as S-NSSAI, Cell ID and DRB ID, etc., is optional information, which may be used in specific optimization scenarios. This information may be included in the QoE report container or outside the QoE report container.
  • the first base station may directly forward the report to other nodes or entities according to the QMC configuration information, or read the report for further analysis and processing to generate QoE information.
  • the analysis and processing process have different processing ways according to different optimization purposes. As a non-limiting example, if the optimization purpose is to know overall satisfaction on experience of services, the first base station may convert the measured values of each dimension of QoE in multiple QMC reports into MOS through the model. If the optimization purpose is to collect information on certain important dimension of QoE for artificial intelligence calculation, handover conditions or scheduling conditions, etc., the first base station may select information on one or more metrics, such as, buffer level and the number of stalling times of video services, and the interaction latency of VR services.
  • the first base station or CU-CP may also infer QoE information according to other information.
  • the other information can be the key performance parameters collected for QoS types of users, such as throughput, packet loss, delay and other information.
  • the method for QMC 1400 may include steps 1402a or 1402b depending on the entity requesting QoE information.
  • CU-UP or DU transmits QoE information request information to CU-CP.
  • the request information may include one or more parameter sets, and each parameter set may include one or more of the following information:
  • UE ID which is used to indicate UE that needs to collect QoE information
  • QoS identity which is used to indicate a QoS type for which QoE information needs to be collected, and may be a 5G Quality Identity (5QI) or a QoS Class Identity (QCI);
  • 5QI 5G Quality Identity
  • QCI QoS Class Identity
  • DRB ID which is used to indicate corresponding DRB information of the UE that needs to collect QoE information
  • a service type which is used to indicate a service type for which QoE information needs to be collected, such as voice service, video service or game, etc.
  • the QoE information request information may be transferred by a new message, such as an application layer information request message.
  • CU-CP may decide whether to feedback QoE information to CU-UP or DU according to the situation.
  • the second base station transmits QoE information request information to the first base station, wherein the request information may include one or more parameter sets, and each parameter set may include one or more of the following information:
  • Cell ID which is used to indicate a cell for which QoE information needs to be collected
  • QoS identity which is used to indicate a QoS type for which QoE information needs to be collected, and may be 5QI or QCI;
  • a service type which is used to indicate a service type to be measured, such as voice service, video service or game, etc.
  • the QoE information request information may be transmitted by an E-UTRA-NR cell resource coordination request message or a resource status request message.
  • the QoE information request information may be transmitted by a new message, such as an application layer information request message.
  • the first base station may decide whether to feed back QoE information to the second base station according to the situation.
  • the method 1400 for QMC may proceed to step 1403a or 1403b corresponding to step 1402a or 1402b.
  • the CU-CP transmits a message transferring the QMC report or QoE information to the CU-UP and/or DU.
  • the message may be transferred by a new message, such as an application layer measurement report message or an application layer information indication message.
  • the application layer related information may also carry information such as time stamp, etc.
  • the CU-UP or DU may calculate or directly obtain the quality of experience information of a specific DRB or a specific service type of a specific UE. This information may be used to a flow control strategy of the CU-UP or a scheduling strategy on the DU, which enables various functions on the CU-UP or the DU to allocate or schedule resources more accurately based on a granularity smaller than QoS, so as to optimize the quality of experience of users.
  • the first base station transmits a message transferring the QMC report or QoE information to the second base station.
  • the message may be an evolved universal terrestrial radio access-new radio (E-UTRA-NR) cell resource coordination feedback message or a resource status update message.
  • the message is a new message, for example, an application layer measurement report message or an application layer information indication message.
  • the application layer related information may carry information such as time stamp, etc.
  • the second base station may calculate or directly obtain the quality of experience information of a specific network slice or a specific QoS type of a neighbour cell or the present cell.
  • These information may be used for QoE aware load balancing or traffic steering among base stations.
  • the quality of experience of users is additionally considered on the basis of the original base station load decision, so that load balancing or traffic steering may be implemented on the premise of ensuring the quality of experience. Therefore, it may not only meet the quality of experience of users and make efficient utilization of resources, but also reduce unnecessary handover caused by load balancing or traffic steering, thus reducing a risk of handover failure and the quality of experience degradation of users during handover.
  • the primary cell and the secondary cell may obtain the QoE information on the cells of each other by this process, to assist in resource coordination.
  • the method 1400 for QMC may proceed to step 1403c, in which the first base station transmits the QMC report or QoE information to the data center.
  • the data center may statistically collect or analyze current overall situations of quality of experience of users on the network slice according to models. According to analysis results, the network side may evaluate problems such as whether a capacity of the network slice is sufficient, whether resource allocation and parameter configuration are reasonable, etc., and further analyze causes based on this and output suggestions for expansion or optimization. After optimization, the QoE information is collected again for making comparison of the same before and after optimization.
  • the data center may statistically collect or analyze according to models, quality of experience of users moving in the high speed, and evaluate whether the network configuration in high-speed mobile scenarios is reasonable and needs further optimization according to analysis results and combined with information such as network configuration, etc. After optimization, QoE information is collected again for making comparison of the same before and after optimization.
  • the data center may statistically collect or analyze according to models, the quality of experience of users in different coverage environments, evaluate the impact of radio environment on the quality of experience of users, and further optimize the network configuration to improve the quality of experience of users. After optimization, QoE information is collected again for making comparison of the same before and after optimization.
  • the data center may analyze the QMC report or QoE information according to the above description, and perform network optimization according to analysis results, or transmit the analyzed data to other nodes to assist other nodes in optimization.
  • the other nodes may be, for example, base stations or core network nodes, and the core network nodes may be, for example, AMF, or SMF, or NSSF, or NWDAF, or PCF, etc.
  • the method 1400 for QMC may proceed to step 1403d, in which the first base station transmits the QMC report or QoE information to the core network node.
  • the message for forwarding the QMC report or QoE information may use an existing message or a new message, for example, a tracking report message or an application layer measurement report message or an application layer information indication message.
  • the core network may statistically collect and analyze the QMC report or QoE information as described in step 1402c.
  • the core network node may evaluate and decide whether to adjust QoS parameters of the UE according to results of analyzing, so as to improve the quality of experience of users.
  • the core network node may evaluate whether to modify a strategy of network slice selection according to the results of analyzing, so that the quality of experience of users on all network slices may meet the requirements.
  • the radio network may obtain QoE information faster, and the information is used in functions such as radio network scheduling, resource allocation and load balancing, etc., so that the radio network may be optimized faster, and the quality of experience of users may be guaranteed and improved.
  • quality of experience information of users on different network slices, different moving speeds or different coverage conditions may also be collected, thereby more accurately optimizing the network slices, optimizing the quality of experience of users in high speed moving scenarios and poor coverage and high interference areas, and finally enhancing user loyalty and increasing earnings.
  • Fig. 15 illustrates a user equipment (UE) according to embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the UE 1500 may include a processor 1510, a transceiver 1520 and a memory 1530. However, all of the illustrated components are not essential. The UE 1500 may be implemented by more or less components than those illustrated in Fig. 15. In addition, the processor 1510 and the transceiver 1520 and the memory 1530 may be implemented as a single chip according to another embodiment.
  • the UE 1500 may correspond to the UE described above.
  • the processor 1510 may include one or more processors or other processing devices that control the proposed function, process, and/or method. Operation of the UE 1500 may be implemented by the processor 1510.
  • the transceiver 1520 may include a RF transmitter for up-converting and amplifying a transmitted signal, and a RF receiver for down-converting a frequency of a received signal.
  • the transceiver 1520 may be implemented by more or less components than those illustrated in components.
  • the transceiver 1520 may be connected to the processor 1510 and transmit and/or receive a signal.
  • the signal may include control information and data.
  • the transceiver 1520 may receive the signal through a wireless channel and output the signal to the processor 1510.
  • the transceiver 1520 may transmit a signal output from the processor 1510 through the wireless channel.
  • the memory 1530 may store the control information or the data included in a signal obtained by the UE 1500.
  • the memory 1530 may be connected to the processor 1510 and store at least one instruction or a protocol or a parameter for the proposed function, process, and/or method.
  • the memory 1530 may include read-only memory (ROM) and/or random access memory (RAM) and/or hard disk and/or CD-ROM and/or DVD and/or other storage devices.
  • Fig. 16 illustrates a base station according to embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the base station 1600 may include a processor 1610, a transceiver 1620 and a memory 1630. However, all of the illustrated components are not essential. The base station 1600 may be implemented by more or less components than those illustrated in Fig 16. In addition, the processor 1610 and the transceiver 1620 and the memory 1630 may be implemented as a single chip according to another embodiment.
  • the base station 1600 may correspond to the gNB described above.
  • the processor 1610 may include one or more processors or other processing devices that control the proposed function, process, and/or method. Operation of the base station 1600 may be implemented by the processor 1610.
  • the transceiver 1620 may include a RF transmitter for up-converting and amplifying a transmitted signal, and a RF receiver for down-converting a frequency of a received signal.
  • the transceiver 1620 may be implemented by more or less components than those illustrated in components.
  • the transceiver 1620 may be connected to the processor 1610 and transmit and/or receive a signal.
  • the signal may include control information and data.
  • the transceiver 1620 may receive the signal through a wireless channel and output the signal to the processor 1610.
  • the transceiver 1620 may transmit a signal output from the processor 1610 through the wireless channel.
  • the memory 1630 may store the control information or the data included in a signal obtained by the base station 1600.
  • the memory 1630 may be connected to the processor 1610 and store at least one instruction or a protocol or a parameter for the proposed function, process, and/or method.
  • the memory 1630 may include read-only memory (ROM) and/or random access memory (RAM) and/or hard disk and/or CD-ROM and/or DVD and/or other storage devices.
  • modules, processing operations and/or data structures described according to the present disclosure may be implemented using various types of operating systems, computing platforms, network devices, computer programs and/or general-purpose machines.
  • those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that less general devices, such as hardwired devices, Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), application specific integrated circuits (ASIC), etc., may also be used.
  • FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuits
  • a method including a series of operations and sub-operations is implemented by a processor, a computer or a machine, and those operations and sub-operations may be stored as a series of non-transitory code instructions readable by the processor, the computer or the machine, they may be stored on tangible and/or non-transient medium.
  • the modules of the method and device for QMC described herein may include software, firmware, hardware or any combination(s) of software, firmware or hardware suitable for the purposes described herein.

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WO2024061161A1 (zh) * 2022-09-21 2024-03-28 华为技术有限公司 一种测量方法、装置及相关设备
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