WO2021212900A1 - 一种尿不湿用无气味tpu薄膜及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种尿不湿用无气味tpu薄膜及其制备方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021212900A1
WO2021212900A1 PCT/CN2020/140459 CN2020140459W WO2021212900A1 WO 2021212900 A1 WO2021212900 A1 WO 2021212900A1 CN 2020140459 W CN2020140459 W CN 2020140459W WO 2021212900 A1 WO2021212900 A1 WO 2021212900A1
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parts
tpu
nanofibers
odorless
weight
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PCT/CN2020/140459
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English (en)
French (fr)
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何建雄
杨博
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He Jianxiong
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Publication of WO2021212900A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021212900A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/0007—Electro-spinning
    • D01D5/0015—Electro-spinning characterised by the initial state of the material
    • D01D5/003—Electro-spinning characterised by the initial state of the material the material being a polymer solution or dispersion
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
    • D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
    • D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
    • D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
    • D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
    • D01F1/103—Agents inhibiting growth of microorganisms
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
    • D01F8/10—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one other macromolecular compound obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as constituent
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
    • D01F8/16—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one other macromolecular compound obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as constituent
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4282—Addition polymers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
    • D04H1/4358—Polyurethanes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
    • D04H1/72—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged
    • D04H1/728—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged by electro-spinning
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M17/00—Producing multi-layer textile fabrics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0207—Elastomeric fibres
    • B32B2262/0215—Thermoplastic elastomer fibers

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of synthetic materials, and specifically relates to a TPU film and a preparation method thereof, in particular to an odorless TPU film for diapers and a preparation method thereof.
  • Diapers are commonly used daily necessities for babies. It is a collective term for paper diapers, diapers, and pull-up pants. Due to its strong water absorption, it is commonly called “diapers Good material, the outstanding feature is large water absorption and storage capacity. In addition to the strong water absorption capacity, because the diaper is a baby product, the baby's skin is delicate, and the material needs to have excellent breathability and softness, and it is best to have excellent antibacterial ability to ensure comfort and safety.
  • Polyurethane is a general term for macromolecular compounds containing repeating carbamate groups on the main chain. It has excellent wear resistance, oil resistance, tear resistance, and chemical corrosion resistance, and is widely used in various fields. However, there are few reports on how to apply TPU materials to the field of diapers, which also limits the application of TPU to a wider range.
  • CN110318161A discloses a base material for diapers with a weight range of 15-25gsm, an air permeability of 3640-6200L/m 2 /S, a water vapor transmission rate of 6720-18560g/cm 2 ⁇ 24h, and an oxygen index of 29.2 -29.4%, water repellency 212-223mmH 2 O, shrinkage rate of 0.88-0.91%;
  • the preparation method of the base material for diapers includes: master batch preparation, pre-mixing, preparation of basic melt, ultrafine fiber Preparation and hot-rolling treatment;
  • the base material of the present invention has good softness and comfortable hand feeling, and can be widely used in diapers.
  • CN108624049A discloses a diaper water-locking antibacterial material and a preparation method thereof.
  • the diaper water-locking antibacterial material includes the following raw materials: polyethersulfone resin, corn starch, polylactic acid, chitosan, ⁇ -L- Guluronic acid, ⁇ -D-mannuronic acid, gelatin, lignin, pine wormwood, sodium hydroxide, cholic acid, polyasparagine, andrographis paniculata, iron tree root, forsythia, anemarrhena cuspidatum, silk fibroin Protein, acrylic acid, sodium alginate gel, hydroxyethyl acrylate, glycerol, polyacrylamide, potassium persulfate, sodium sulfite, N,N-methylene bisacrylamide, modified antibacterial additives, water lock and reinforcement Material.
  • CN107802879A discloses a water-absorbent polymer material for diapers and a preparation method thereof.
  • the water-absorbent polymer material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-30 parts of Andrographis paniculata, 5-15 parts of iron tree root, and 30-50 parts of Forsythia suspensa Parts, 5-20 parts of Anemarrhena, 15-25 parts of Polygonum cuspidatum, 10-25 parts of silk fibroin, 40-50 parts of acrylic acid, 4-8 parts of sodium alginate gel, 25-40 parts of sodium hydroxide, hydroxyethyl acrylate 2-15 parts of ester, 5-20 parts of glycerol, 5-12 parts of polyacrylamide, 0.5-5 parts of initiator and 0.01-0.05 parts of N,N-methylenebisacrylamide.
  • the diaper prepared by the water-absorbing polymer material of the present invention has a greater ability to absorb urine, a faster absorption rate and long-lasting antibacterial and bacteriostatic functions, effectively protecting infants from bacterial infections and providing long-lasting protection for infants and young children .
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a TPU film and a preparation method thereof, in particular to provide an odorless TPU film for diapers and a preparation method thereof.
  • the present invention provides an odorless TPU film for diapers.
  • the odorless TPU film for diapers includes a TPU nanofiber surface layer, a TPU nanofiber middle layer, and a TPU nanofiber bottom layer that are sequentially stacked.
  • the odorless TPU film for diapers involved in the present invention is creatively composed of three layers of TPU nanofiber surface layer, TPU nanofiber intermediate layer and TPU nanofiber bottom layer, and each layer is formed by interweaving nanofibers.
  • a film with a micro network structure which can significantly improve the air permeability of the film and is also softer; the network micro structure formed by nanofibers is not conducive to the adhesion of bacterial biofilms and has excellent antibacterial properties. Performance; and the network-like microstructure has good stability.
  • the surface layer of the TPU nanofibers includes polyurethane nanofibers, polydimethylsiloxane nanofibers, antibacterial agents, talc, and erucamide, and the antibacterial agents, talc, and erucamide are dispersed in the polyurethane. Nanofibers.
  • the TPU nanofiber surface layer involved in the present invention is a film with a micro network structure formed by interweaving polyurethane nano fibers and polydimethylsiloxane nano fibers.
  • This micro network structure can significantly improve the air permeability of the film. At the same time, it is also softer; polyurethane itself is a flexible material, and its use with polydimethylsiloxane can further increase the flexibility of the film.
  • the network-like microstructure formed by polyurethane nanofibers is not conducive to the adhesion of bacterial biofilms and has excellent antibacterial properties, so that the antibacterial agents dispersed therein can effectively exert antibacterial properties. And the network-like microstructure has good stability.
  • talc and erucamide makes the product have better slipperiness and good anti-blocking performance; it can effectively reduce the friction and adhesion between the polymer and equipment, polymer and polymer, and improve the processing speed and product The quality has been greatly improved.
  • the TPU nanofiber surface layer comprises 20-40 parts of polyurethane nanofibers, 30-40 parts of polydimethylsiloxane nanofibers, 1-3 parts of antibacterial agents, and 1-3 parts of talc in parts by weight. , 1-3 parts of erucamide.
  • the weight parts of the polyurethane nanofibers may be 20 parts, 22 parts, 25 parts, 26 parts, 28 parts, 30 parts, 32 parts, 35 parts, 38 parts or 40 parts, etc.
  • the weight parts of the polydimethylsiloxane nanofibers can be 30 parts, 32 parts, 34 parts, 35 parts, 36 parts, 38 parts, 39 parts or 40 parts, etc.
  • the weight parts of the antibacterial agent can be 1 part, 1.5 parts, 2 parts, 2.5 parts or 3 parts, etc.
  • the parts by weight of the talc powder can be 1 part, 1.5 parts, 2 parts, 2.5 parts or 3 parts, etc.
  • the weight parts of the erucamide can be 1 part, 1.5 parts, 2 parts, 2.5 parts or 3 parts, etc.
  • the TPU nanofiber intermediate layer includes polyurethane nanofibers and sodium polyacrylate nanofibers.
  • the TPU nanofiber intermediate layer involved in the present invention is a film with a microscopic network structure formed by interweaving polyurethane nanofibers and sodium polyacrylate nanofibers.
  • sodium polyacrylate nanofibers also With strong water absorption and storage capacity, it is especially suitable for the preparation of diapers.
  • the TPU nanofiber intermediate layer comprises 20-40 parts of polyurethane nanofibers and 30-50 parts of sodium polyacrylate nanofibers in parts by weight.
  • the weight parts of the polyurethane nanofibers can be 20 parts, 22 parts, 25 parts, 26 parts, 28 parts, 30 parts, 32 parts, 35 parts, 38 parts or 40 parts, etc.
  • the weight parts of the sodium polyacrylate nanofibers are 30 parts, 32 parts, 35 parts, 36 parts, 38 parts, 40 parts, 42 parts, 45 parts, 48 parts or 50 parts, etc.
  • the TPU nanofiber bottom layer includes polyurethane nanofibers, polydimethylsiloxane nanofibers and an antibacterial agent, and the antibacterial agent is dispersed in the polyurethane nanofibers.
  • the TPU nanofiber bottom layer comprises 20-40 parts by weight of polyurethane nanofibers, 10-20 parts of polydimethylsiloxane nanofibers, and 5-10 parts of antibacterial agent.
  • the weight parts of the polyurethane nanofibers may be 20 parts, 22 parts, 25 parts, 26 parts, 28 parts, 30 parts, 32 parts, 35 parts, 38 parts or 40 parts, etc.
  • the weight parts of the polydimethylsiloxane nanofibers can be 10 parts, 12 parts, 14 parts, 15 parts, 16 parts, 18 parts, 19 parts, 20 parts, etc.
  • the weight parts of the antibacterial agent can be 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts, 9 parts, 10 parts, etc.
  • the raw materials for preparing the polyurethane nanofiber include 20-40 parts by weight of diisocyanate, 40-80 parts of polyethylene glycol, and 5-20 parts of chain extender.
  • the weight parts of the diisocyanate can be 20 parts, 25 parts, 28 parts, 30 parts, 32 parts, 34 parts, 35 parts, 38 parts, 40 parts, etc.
  • the weight parts of the polyethylene glycol may be 40 parts, 45 parts, 50 parts, 55 parts, 60 parts, 65 parts, 70 parts, 75 parts or 80 parts, etc.
  • the weight parts of the chain extender can be 5 parts, 8 parts, 10 parts, 12 parts, 15 parts, 16 parts, 17 parts, 18 parts, 20 parts, etc.
  • the diisocyanate includes any one or a combination of at least two of p-phenylene diisocyanate, methylene diisocyanate or diphenylmethane diisocyanate; the combination of at least two such as p-phenylene diisocyanate and A combination of methyl diisocyanate, a combination of methylene diisocyanate and diphenylmethane diisocyanate, a combination of p-phenylene diisocyanate and diphenylmethane diisocyanate, and the like.
  • the combination of p-phenylene diisocyanate and methylene diisocyanate is preferred.
  • the chain extender includes any one or a combination of at least two of ethylene glycol, ethylenediamine, 1,3-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, or hexanediol;
  • Kind of combinations such as the combination of ethylene glycol and ethylenediamine, the combination of 1,3-propanediol and 1,4-butanediol, the combination of 1,4-butanediol, hexanediol and diethylene glycol, etc., others are arbitrary
  • the method of combination will not be repeated here one by one.
  • the combination of ethylene glycol and ethylenediamine is preferred.
  • the number average molecular weight of the polyethylene glycol is 8000-10000, such as 8000, 8200, 8500, 8800, 9000, 9200, 9500, 9800 or 10000, etc.
  • the raw material for preparing the polyurethane nanofiber further comprises 5-10 parts by weight of catalyst and/or 10-20 parts by weight of antioxidant.
  • the weight parts of the catalyst may be 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts, 9 parts, 10 parts, etc.
  • the weight parts of the antioxidant may be 10 parts, 11 parts, 12 parts, 13 parts, 14 parts, 15 parts, 16 parts, 18 parts, 20 parts, etc.
  • the antibacterial agent includes any one or a combination of at least two of chitosan quaternary ammonium salt, chitosan hydrochloride or hydroxypropyl chitosan; the combination of at least two such as chitosan
  • the antibacterial agents involved in the present invention are all natural and harmless antibacterial agents, which are non-irritating and harmless to the baby's skin, and do not have any odor.
  • the present invention provides a method for preparing an odorless TPU film for diapers as described above, and the preparation method includes the following steps:
  • step (2) The solution obtained in step (1) is sequentially subjected to three-layer multi-jet electrostatic spinning to obtain the odorless TPU film for diapers.
  • the odorless TPU film for diapers involved in the present invention is prepared by using electrostatic spinning technology, and the method is simple and feasible, and is suitable for large-scale industrial production.
  • the preparation method of the polyurethane material of the present invention is as follows: diisocyanate, polyethylene glycol, chain extender, catalyst and antioxidant are mixed and reacted to obtain a polyurethane composite material.
  • the reaction is carried out under stirring conditions.
  • the stirring rate is 600-800r/min, such as 600r/min, 620r/min, 650r/min, 680r/min, 700r/min, 750r/min or 800r/min.
  • the reaction is carried out under vacuum dehydration conditions.
  • the reaction temperature is 130-150°C, such as 130°C, 132°C, 135°C, 137°C, 140°C, 142°C, 145°C, 148°C or 150°C.
  • the reaction time is 2-8h, such as 2h, 3h, 4h, 5h, 6h, 7h or 8h.
  • the organic solvent in step (1) includes any one or a combination of at least two of N,N-dimethylformamide, acetone or hexafluoroisopropanol.
  • the combination of at least two such as the combination of N,N-dimethylformamide and acetone, the combination of acetone and hexafluoroisopropanol, the combination of N,N-dimethylformamide and hexafluoroisopropanol, etc. .
  • the inner diameter of the electrospinning nozzle in step (2) is 0.4-0.6mm, such as 0.4mm, 0.5mm or 0.6mm.
  • the voltage of the electrospinning in step (2) is 12-16kV, such as 12kV, 13kV, 14kV, 15kV or 16kV.
  • the distance between the tip of the electrospinning electrode and the collector in step (2) is 12-16 cm, such as 12 cm, 13 cm, 14 cm, 15 cm or 16 cm.
  • the temperature during electrospinning is 20-30°C, such as 20°C, 22°C, 24°C, 25°C, 26°C, 28°C, 29°C, or 30°C.
  • the feed rate of the electrospinning in step (2) is 0.5-1.0 mL/L, such as 0.5 mL/L, 0.6 mL/L, 0.7 mL/L, 0.8 mL/L, 0.9 mL/L or 1.0mL/L etc.
  • the step (2) after obtaining the odorless TPU film for diapers further includes post-processing, and the post-processing operation is: the odorless TPU film for diapers is heated at 20-30 Vacuum drying at °C (for example 20°C, 22°C, 25°C, 27°C or 30°C etc.) for 24-72h (for example 24h, 30h, 40h, 50h, 60h or 72h etc.).
  • °C for example 20°C, 22°C, 25°C, 27°C or 30°C etc.
  • 24-72h for example 24h, 30h, 40h, 50h, 60h or 72h etc.
  • the preparation method specifically includes the following steps:
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • the odorless TPU film for diapers involved in the present invention is creatively composed of three layers of TPU nanofiber surface layer, TPU nanofiber intermediate layer and TPU nanofiber bottom layer with different properties, and each layer is made of nano A film with a micro network structure formed by interweaving fibers.
  • This micro network structure can significantly improve the air permeability of the film and is also softer; the network micro structure formed by nanofibers is not conducive to the adhesion of bacterial biofilms. Excellent antibacterial properties; and the network-like microstructure has good stability.
  • the surface layer of TPU nanofibers and the bottom layer of TPU nanofibers are thin films with microscopic network structure formed by interweaving polyurethane nanofibers and polydimethylsiloxane nanofibers.
  • the antibacterial agent is dispersed in the polyurethane nanofibers; polyurethane itself is a kind of A material with better flexibility, when combined with polydimethylsiloxane, can further increase the flexibility of the film.
  • the middle layer of TPU nanofibers is a film with a microscopic network structure formed by interweaving polyurethane nanofibers and sodium polyacrylate nanofibers.
  • the sodium polyacrylate nanofibers also have strong water absorption. And water storage capacity, especially suitable for the preparation of diapers.
  • the sodium polyacrylate involved in the following examples is prepared by the following method:
  • the polyurethane involved in the following examples is prepared by the following method:
  • the viscosity (25°C cp) of the polydimethylsiloxane involved in the following examples is 10,000.
  • the invention provides an odorless TPU film for diapers, which comprises a TPU nanofiber surface layer, a TPU nanofiber intermediate layer and a TPU nanofiber bottom layer that are sequentially stacked.
  • the TPU nanofiber surface layer includes 30 parts of polyurethane nanofibers, 35 parts of polydimethylsiloxane nanofibers, 2 parts of antibacterial agents, 1 part of talcum powder, and 1 part of erucamide in parts by weight.
  • the TPU nanofiber intermediate layer includes 30 parts of polyurethane nanofibers and 40 parts of sodium polyacrylate nanofibers in parts by weight.
  • the TPU nanofiber bottom layer comprises 30 parts of polyurethane nanofibers, 15 parts of polydimethylsiloxane nanofibers and 8 parts of antibacterial agent in parts by weight.
  • the preparation method is:
  • the three-layer electrospinning was carried out in sequence using a 2-jet electrostatic spinning device to obtain the odorless TPU film for diapers, which was vacuum dried at 25°C for 48h; the inner diameter of the nozzle was 0.4mm; the voltage was 15kV; the needle tip The distance between the collector and the collector is 16cm; the liquid feed rate is 0.5mL/L.
  • the invention provides an odorless TPU film for diapers, which comprises a TPU nanofiber surface layer, a TPU nanofiber intermediate layer and a TPU nanofiber bottom layer that are sequentially stacked.
  • the TPU nanofiber surface layer comprises 40 parts of polyurethane nanofibers, 40 parts of polydimethylsiloxane nanofibers, 3 parts of antibacterial agents, 1 part of talcum powder, and 1 part of erucamide in parts by weight.
  • the TPU nanofiber intermediate layer includes 40 parts of polyurethane nanofibers and 50 parts of sodium polyacrylate nanofibers in parts by weight.
  • the TPU nanofiber bottom layer comprises 40 parts of polyurethane nanofibers, 20 parts of polydimethylsiloxane nanofibers, and 10 parts of antibacterial agent in parts by weight.
  • the preparation method is:
  • the three-layer electrospinning was carried out in sequence using a 2-jet electrostatic spinning device to obtain the odorless TPU film for diapers, which was vacuum dried at 25°C for 48h; the inner diameter of the nozzle was 0.4mm; the voltage was 15kV; the needle tip The distance between the collector and the collector is 16cm; the liquid feed rate is 0.5mL/L.
  • the invention provides an odorless TPU film for diapers, which comprises a TPU nanofiber surface layer, a TPU nanofiber intermediate layer and a TPU nanofiber bottom layer that are sequentially stacked.
  • the TPU nanofiber surface layer includes 20 parts of polyurethane nanofibers, 30 parts of polydimethylsiloxane nanofibers, 1 part of antibacterial agent, 1 part of talcum powder, and 1 part of erucamide in parts by weight.
  • the TPU nanofiber intermediate layer includes 20 parts of polyurethane nanofibers and 30 parts of sodium polyacrylate nanofibers in parts by weight.
  • the TPU nanofiber bottom layer comprises 20 parts of polyurethane nanofibers, 10 parts of polydimethylsiloxane nanofibers, and 5 parts of antibacterial agent in parts by weight.
  • the preparation method is:
  • the three-layer electrospinning was carried out in sequence using a 2-jet electrostatic spinning device to obtain the odorless TPU film for diapers, which was vacuum dried at 25°C for 48h; the inner diameter of the nozzle was 0.4mm; the voltage was 15kV; the needle tip The distance between the collector and the collector is 16cm; the liquid feed rate is 0.5mL/L.
  • the invention provides an odorless TPU film for diapers, which comprises a TPU nanofiber surface layer, a TPU nanofiber intermediate layer and a TPU nanofiber bottom layer that are sequentially stacked. It does not contain polydimethylsiloxane nanofibers.
  • the TPU nanofiber surface layer includes 65 parts of polyurethane nanofibers, 2 parts of antibacterial agent (chitosan hydrochloride), 1 part of talc, and 1 part of erucamide in parts by weight.
  • antibacterial agent chitosan hydrochloride
  • the TPU nanofiber intermediate layer includes 30 parts of polyurethane nanofibers and 40 parts of sodium polyacrylate nanofibers in parts by weight.
  • the TPU nanofiber bottom layer includes 45 parts of polyurethane nanofibers and 8 parts of antibacterial agent (chitosan hydrochloride) in parts by weight.
  • antibacterial agent chitosan hydrochloride
  • the preparation method is different from Example 1 only in that the surface layer and the bottom layer are spun with a single-jet electrostatic spinning device, and the others are the same.
  • the present invention provides an odorless TPU film for diapers, which comprises a TPU nanofiber surface layer, a TPU nanofiber intermediate layer and a TPU nanofiber bottom layer which are sequentially stacked. It does not contain antibacterial agents.
  • the TPU nanofiber surface layer comprises 30 parts of polyurethane nanofibers, 35 parts of polydimethylsiloxane nanofibers, 1 part of talc, and 1 part of erucamide in parts by weight.
  • the TPU nanofiber intermediate layer includes 30 parts of polyurethane nanofibers and 40 parts of sodium polyacrylate nanofibers in parts by weight.
  • the TPU nanofiber bottom layer includes 30 parts of polyurethane nanofibers and 15 parts of polydimethylsiloxane nanofibers in parts by weight.
  • the preparation method is the same as in Example 1.
  • the invention provides an odorless TPU film for diapers, which comprises a TPU nanofiber surface layer, a TPU nanofiber intermediate layer and a TPU nanofiber bottom layer that are sequentially stacked. It does not contain sodium polyacrylate nanofibers.
  • the TPU nanofiber surface layer includes 30 parts by weight of polyurethane nanofibers, 35 parts of polydimethylsiloxane nanofibers, 2 parts of antibacterial agent (chitosan hydrochloride), 1 part of talc, and erucic acid. 1 part of amide.
  • the TPU nanofiber intermediate layer includes 70 parts by weight of polyurethane nanofibers.
  • the TPU nanofiber bottom layer includes 30 parts of polyurethane nanofibers, 15 parts of polydimethylsiloxane nanofibers, and 8 parts of antibacterial agent (chitosan hydrochloride) in parts by weight.
  • the preparation method is different from Example 1 only in that the middle layer is spun with a single-jet electrostatic spinning device, and the others are the same.
  • This comparative example provides a TPU film, which includes a TPU surface layer, a TPU middle layer and a TPU bottom layer that are sequentially stacked.
  • the TPU surface layer comprises 40 parts by weight of polyurethane, 40 parts of polydimethylsiloxane, 3 parts of antibacterial agent (chitosan hydrochloride), 1 part of talc, and 1 part of erucamide.
  • the TPU nanofiber intermediate layer includes 40 parts by weight of polyurethane and 50 parts of sodium polyacrylate.
  • the TPU nanofiber bottom layer comprises 40 parts by weight of polyurethane, 20 parts of polydimethylsiloxane and 10 parts of antibacterial agent (chitosan hydrochloride).
  • the preparation method is:
  • step (3) The TPU film obtained in step (2) is vacuum dried at 25° C. for 48 hours.
  • TPU films prepared in the above Examples 1-6 and Comparative Example 1 were tested for water vapor transmission rate (the test method adopted GB/T 1037-1988, each sample was tested 3 times in parallel, and the average value was taken). The results are shown in the table 1 shown.
  • Example 3 37.216 Example 4 38.894 Example 5 40.275 Example 6 38.754 Comparative example 1 13.486
  • the antibacterial properties of the TPU films prepared in the foregoing Examples 1-6 and Comparative Example 1 were evaluated.
  • the model bacteria were Gram-positive bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis; Gram-negative bacteria: Escherichia coli.
  • the operation method is as follows: activate and amplify the strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Monascus respectively, and then dilute to a bacterial suspension with a concentration of 5 ⁇ 10 5 CFU/mL , Use a sterile pipette to draw 200 ⁇ L of bacterial suspension and spread it evenly on the surface of each sample, and incubate at 37°C for 24h; then use an equal volume of culture medium to wash off the bacteria on the surface of the sample and place it at 37°C.
  • Example 2 6.75 ⁇ 10 3 2.65 ⁇ 10 3 6.54 ⁇ 10 4
  • Example 3 8.23 ⁇ 10 3 5.86 ⁇ 10 3 4.86 ⁇ 10 4
  • Example 4 4.58 ⁇ 10 3 2.98 ⁇ 10 3 6.78 ⁇ 10 4
  • Example 5 7.78 ⁇ 10 4 4.68 ⁇ 10 5 5.50 ⁇ 10 5
  • Example 6 5.05 ⁇ 10 3 2.88 ⁇ 10 3 3.15 ⁇ 10 4 Comparative example 1 2.10 ⁇ 10 6 5.67 ⁇ 10 6 8.52 ⁇ 10 8
  • the elongation and softness of the TPU films prepared in the foregoing Examples 1-6 and Comparative Example 1 were evaluated.
  • the elongation used the GB/T 24218.3-2010 method; the softness used the GB/T 8942-2002 method.
  • the test results are shown in Table 3.
  • Example 1 sample Liquid absorption g/g Suction rate s Example 1 1128 56
  • Example 2 1093 52
  • Example 3 1115 59
  • Example 4 1017 55
  • Example 5 1187 56
  • Example 6 365 twenty four Comparative example 1 952 36
  • the present invention uses the above-mentioned examples to illustrate an odorless TPU film for diapers and its preparation method, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned examples, which does not mean that the present invention must rely on the above-mentioned
  • the embodiment can be implemented.

Abstract

一种尿不湿用无气味TPU薄膜及其制备方法。该尿不湿用无气味TPU薄膜包括依次相叠的TPU纳米纤维表层、TPU纳米纤维中间层和TPU纳米纤维底层；将TPU纳米纤维表层、TPU纳米纤维中间层和TPU纳米纤维底层中含有的成分分别按重量份数溶解于有机溶剂中得到溶解液，将所述溶解液依次进行三层的多喷头静电纺丝，得到所述尿不湿用无气味TPU薄膜。由于每一层都具有由纳米纤维交织形成的微观网络状结构，不利于细菌生物膜的粘附，使得该TPU薄膜具有优异的抗菌性能和稳定性，透气性显著提高，同时也更加柔软。

Description

一种尿不湿用无气味TPU薄膜及其制备方法
本公开基于申请号为202010315593.6，申请日为2020年04月21日的中国专利申请提出，并要求该中国专利申请的优先权，该中国专利申请的全部内容在此引入本申请作为参考。
技术领域
本发明属于合成材料技术领域，具体涉及一种TPU薄膜及其制备方法，尤其涉及一种尿不湿用无气味TPU薄膜及其制备方法。
背景技术
尿不湿是婴儿常用的日用品，是纸尿片、纸尿裤、拉拉裤的统称，由于吸水性强，被俗称为“尿不湿”，其中，高吸水性树脂是制造婴儿尿不湿的绝好材料，突出特点是吸水和蓄水量大。而除了强大的吸水能力，由于尿不湿是婴儿用品，婴儿皮肤娇嫩，需要材料具有优异的透气性和柔软性，最好还具有优良的抗菌能力，保证舒适性和安全性。
聚氨酯是主链上含有重复氨基甲酸酯基团的大分子化合物的统称，具有优异的耐磨、耐油、耐撕裂、耐化学腐蚀等特性，广泛应用于各个领域。但是，对于如何将TPU材料应用于尿不湿领域的报道还很少见，其也限制了TPU应用于更广的范围。
CN110318161A公开了一种用于尿不湿的基底材料，克重范围为15-25gsm，透气率3640-6200L/m 2/S，水蒸汽透过量为6720-18560g/cm 2·24h，氧指数29.2-29.4％，拒水性212-223mmH 2O，收缩率0.88-0.91％；所述用于尿不湿的基底材料的制备方法包括：母料准备、预混、基础熔体的制备、超细纤维的制备和热轧处理；本发明的基底材料，柔软性好，手感舒适，可以广泛应用于 尿不湿。
CN108624049A公开了一种尿不湿锁水抗菌材料及其制备方法，所述的尿不湿锁水抗菌材料包括以下原料：聚醚砜树脂、玉米淀粉、聚乳酸、壳聚糖、α-L-古洛糖醛酸、β-D-甘露糖醛酸、明胶、木质素、松蒿、氢氧化钠、胆酸、聚天冬酰胺、穿心莲、铁树根、连翘、知母、虎杖、丝素蛋白、丙烯酸、海藻酸钠凝胶、丙烯酸羟乙酯、丙三醇、聚丙烯酰胺、过硫酸钾、亚硫酸钠、N，N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺、改性抗菌助剂、锁水补强材料。
CN107802879A公开了一种尿不湿用吸水高分子材料及其制备方法，吸水高分子材料包含如下按重量份计的组分：穿心莲10-30份、铁树根5-15份、连翘30-50份、知母5-20份、虎杖15-25份、丝素蛋白10-25份、丙烯酸40-50份、海藻酸钠凝胶4-8份、氢氧化钠25-40份、丙烯酸羟乙酯2-15份、丙三醇5-20份、聚丙烯酰胺5-12份、引发剂0.5-5份和N，N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺0.01-0.05份。用本发明吸水高分子材料制备的尿不湿具有较大的吸收尿液的能力和较快的吸收速率及持久抗菌抑菌的功能，有效保护婴幼儿免受细菌感染，为婴幼儿提供持久保护。
现有技术中用于婴儿尿不湿的材料功能相对单一，因此，开发出一种透气、柔软、抗菌且吸水能力强的尿不湿用材料是非常有意义的。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足，本发明的目的在于提供一种TPU薄膜及其制备方法，尤其提供一种尿不湿用无气味TPU薄膜及其制备方法。
为达到此发明目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：
一方面，本发明提供一种尿不湿用无气味TPU薄膜，所述尿不湿用无气味TPU薄膜包括依次相叠的TPU纳米纤维表层、TPU纳米纤维中间层和TPU纳 米纤维底层。
本发明所涉及的尿不湿用无气味TPU薄膜创造性地由TPU纳米纤维表层、TPU纳米纤维中间层和TPU纳米纤维底层三层依次相叠而成，且每一层都是由纳米纤维交织形成的具有微观网络状结构的薄膜，这种微观网络状结构能使薄膜的透气性显著提高，同时也更加柔软；纳米纤维形成的网络状微观结构不利于细菌生物膜的粘附，具有优异的抗菌性能；且该网络状微观结构具有很好的稳定性。
在本发明中，所述TPU纳米纤维表层包括聚氨酯纳米纤维、聚二甲基硅氧烷纳米纤维、抗菌剂、滑石粉、芥酸酰胺，所述抗菌剂、滑石粉、芥酸酰胺分散于聚氨酯纳米纤维中。
本发明所涉及的TPU纳米纤维表层是由聚氨酯纳米纤维和聚二甲基硅氧烷纳米纤维交织形成的具有微观网络状结构的薄膜，这种微观网络状结构能使薄膜的透气性显著提高，同时也更加柔软；聚氨酯本身就是一种柔性较好的材料，其与聚二甲基硅氧烷的配合使用能够进一步增加薄膜的柔性。另外，聚氨酯纳米纤维形成的网络状微观结构不利于细菌生物膜的粘附，具有优异的抗菌性能，使得分散于其中的抗菌剂有效地发挥抗菌性能。且该网络状微观结构具有很好的稳定性。滑石粉和芥酸酰胺的添加使产品具有更好的爽滑性和良好的防粘连性能；可有效降低聚合物和设备、聚合物与聚合物间的摩擦力和附着力，使加工速度和产品质量得到大副提升。
优选地，所述TPU纳米纤维表层按重量份数计包括聚氨酯纳米纤维20-40份、聚二甲基硅氧烷纳米纤维30-40份、抗菌剂1-3份、滑石粉1-3份、芥酸酰胺1-3份。
所述聚氨酯纳米纤维的重量份数可以为20份、22份、25份、26份、28 份、30份、32份、35份、38份或40份等。
所述聚二甲基硅氧烷纳米纤维的重量份数可以为30份、32份、34份、35份、36份、38份、39份或40份等。
所述抗菌剂的重量份数可以为1份、1.5份、2份、2.5份或3份等。
所述滑石粉的重量份数可以为1份、1.5份、2份、2.5份或3份等。
所述芥酸酰胺的重量份数可以为1份、1.5份、2份、2.5份或3份等。
在本发明中，所述TPU纳米纤维中间层包括聚氨酯纳米纤维和聚丙烯酸钠纳米纤维。
本发明所涉及的TPU纳米纤维中间层由聚氨酯纳米纤维和聚丙烯酸钠纳米纤维交织形成的具有微观网络状结构的薄膜，该层薄膜除了具有上述的透气性、稳定性，聚丙烯酸钠纳米纤维还具有强大的吸水和储水能力，特别适用于尿不湿的制备。
优选地，所述TPU纳米纤维中间层按重量份数计包括聚氨酯纳米纤维20-40份和聚丙烯酸钠纳米纤维30-50份。
所述聚氨酯纳米纤维的重量份数可以为20份、22份、25份、26份、28份、30份、32份、35份、38份或40份等。
所述聚丙烯酸钠纳米纤维的重量份数为30份、32份、35份、36份、38份、40份、42份、45份、48份或50份等。
在本发明中，所述TPU纳米纤维底层包括聚氨酯纳米纤维、聚二甲基硅氧烷纳米纤维和抗菌剂，所述抗菌剂分散于聚氨酯纳米纤维中。
优选地，所述TPU纳米纤维底层按重量份数计包括聚氨酯纳米纤维20-40份、聚二甲基硅氧烷纳米纤维10-20份和抗菌剂5-10份。
所述聚氨酯纳米纤维的重量份数可以为20份、22份、25份、26份、28 份、30份、32份、35份、38份或40份等。
所述聚二甲基硅氧烷纳米纤维的重量份数可以为10份、12份、14份、15份、16份、18份、19份或20份等。
所述抗菌剂的重量份数可以为5份、6份、7份、8份、9份或10份等。
优选地，所述聚氨酯纳米纤维的制备原料按重量份数计包括二异氰酸酯20-40份、聚乙二醇40-80份、扩链剂5-20份。
所述二异氰酸酯的重量份数可以为20份、25份、28份、30份、32份、34份、35份、38份或40份等。
所述聚乙二醇的重量份数可以为40份、45份、50份、55份、60份、65份、70份、75份或80份等。
所述扩链剂的重量份数可以为5份、8份、10份、12份、15份、16份、17份、18份或20份等。
优选地，所述二异氰酸酯包括对苯二异氰酸酯、亚甲基二异氰酸酯或二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯中的任意一种或至少两种的组合；所述至少两种的组合例如对苯二异氰酸酯和亚甲基二异氰酸酯的组合、亚甲基二异氰酸酯和二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯的组合、对苯二异氰酸酯和二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯的组合等。优选对苯二异氰酸酯和亚甲基二异氰酸酯的组合。
优选地，所述扩链剂包括乙二醇、乙二胺、1，3-丙二醇、1，4-丁二醇或己二醇中的任意一种或至少两种的组合；所述至少两种的组合例如乙二醇和乙二胺的组合、1，3-丙二醇和1，4-丁二醇的组合、1，4-丁二醇、己二醇和二乙二醇的组合等，其他任意的组合方式不再此一一赘述。优选乙二醇和乙二胺的组合。
优选地，所述聚乙二醇的数均分子量为8000-10000，例如8000、8200、8500、8800、9000、9200、9500、9800或10000等。
优选地，所述聚氨酯纳米纤维的制备原料按重量份数计还包括催化剂5-10份和/或抗氧化剂10-20份。
所述催化剂的重量份数可以为5份、6份、7份、8份、9份或10份等。
所述抗氧化剂的重量份数可以为10份、11份、12份、13份、14份、15份、16份、18份或20份等。
优选地，所述抗菌剂包括壳聚糖季铵盐、壳聚糖盐酸盐或羟丙基壳聚糖中的任意一种或至少两种的组合；所述至少两种的组合例如壳聚糖季铵盐和壳聚糖盐酸盐的组合、壳聚糖盐酸盐和羟丙基壳聚糖的组合、壳聚糖季铵盐和羟丙基壳聚糖的组合等，优选壳聚糖季铵盐。
本发明所涉及的抗菌剂均为天然无害的抗菌剂，对婴儿皮肤无刺激无伤害，也没有任何气味。
另一方面，本发明提供一种如上所述的尿不湿用无气味TPU薄膜的制备方法，所述制备方法包括如下步骤：
(1)将TPU纳米纤维表层、TPU纳米纤维中间层和TPU纳米纤维底层中含有的成分分别按重量份数溶解于有机溶剂中，得到溶解液；
(2)将步骤(1)得到的溶解液依次进行三层的多喷头静电纺丝，得到所述尿不湿用无气味TPU薄膜。
本发明所涉及的尿不湿用无气味TPU薄膜是利用静电纺丝技术制备得到的，方法简单易行，适合大规模工业生产。
本发明所述聚氨酯材料的制备方法为：将二异氰酸酯、聚乙二醇、扩链剂、催化剂和抗氧化剂混合后进行反应，得到聚氨酯复合材料。
所述反应在搅拌条件下进行。所述搅拌的速率为600-800r/min，例如600r/min、620r/min、650r/min、680r/min、700r/min、750r/min或800r/min等。
所述反应在真空脱水条件下进行。所述反应的温度为130-150℃，例如130℃、132℃、135℃、137℃、140℃、142℃、145℃、148℃或150℃等。
所述反应的时间为2-8h，例如2h、3h、4h、5h、6h、7h或8h等。
优选地，步骤(1)所述有机溶剂包括N，N-二甲基甲酰胺、丙酮或六氟异丙醇中的任意一种或至少两种的组合。所述至少两种的组合例如N，N-二甲基甲酰胺和丙酮的组合、丙酮和六氟异丙醇的组合、N，N-二甲基甲酰胺和六氟异丙醇的组合等。
优选地，步骤(2)所述静电纺丝的喷头内径为0.4-0.6mm，例如0.4mm、0.5mm或0.6mm等。
优选地，步骤(2)所述静电纺丝的电压为12-16kV，例如12kV、13kV、14kV、15kV或16kV等。
优选地，步骤(2)所述静电纺丝的针尖和集电极之间的距离为12-16cm，例如12cm、13cm、14cm、15cm或16cm等。
优选地，所述进行静电纺丝时的温度为20-30℃，例如20℃、22℃、24℃、25℃、26℃、28℃、29℃或30℃等。
优选地，步骤(2)所述静电纺丝的进液速度为0.5-1.0mL/L，例如0.5mL/L、0.6mL/L、0.7mL/L、0.8mL/L、0.9mL/L或1.0mL/L等。
上述关于对静电纺丝时的系列参数的限定，能够使终产品获得更好的上述有益效果。
优选地，步骤(2)所述得到所述尿不湿用无气味TPU薄膜后还包括对其后处理，所述后处理操作为：将所述尿不湿用无气味TPU薄膜在20-30℃(例如20℃、22℃、25℃、27℃或30℃等)下真空干燥24-72h(例如24h、30h、40h、50h、60h或72h等)。
作为本发明的优选技术方案，所述制备方法具体包括如下步骤：
(1)将聚氨酯、抗菌剂、滑石粉、芥酸酰胺按重量份数混合溶解于溶剂中，将聚二甲基硅氧烷按重量份数溶解于溶剂中，得到TPU纳米纤维表层的两种溶液；
(2)将聚氨酯和聚丙烯酸钠按重量份数分别溶解于溶剂中，得到TPU纳米纤维中间层的两种溶液；
(3)将聚氨酯和抗菌剂按重量份数混合溶解于溶剂中，将聚二甲基硅氧烷按重量份数溶解于溶剂中，得到TPU纳米纤维底层的两种溶液；
(4)对上述得到的溶液依次进行三层多喷头静电纺丝，得到所述尿不湿用无气味TPU薄膜。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有如下有益效果：
本发明所涉及的尿不湿用无气味TPU薄膜创造性地由性能不同的TPU纳米纤维表层、TPU纳米纤维中间层和TPU纳米纤维底层三层依次相叠而成，且每一层都是由纳米纤维交织形成的具有微观网络状结构的薄膜，这种微观网络状结构能使薄膜的透气性显著提高，同时也更加柔软；纳米纤维形成的网络状微观结构不利于细菌生物膜的粘附，具有优异的抗菌性能；且该网络状微观结构具有很好的稳定性。
其中TPU纳米纤维表层和TPU纳米纤维底层是由聚氨酯纳米纤维和聚二甲基硅氧烷纳米纤维交织形成的具有微观网络状结构的薄膜，抗菌剂分散于聚氨酯纳米纤维中；聚氨酯本身就是一种柔性较好的材料，其与聚二甲基硅氧烷的配合使用能够进一步增加薄膜的柔性。
其中TPU纳米纤维中间层由聚氨酯纳米纤维和聚丙烯酸钠纳米纤维交织形成的具有微观网络状结构的薄膜，该层薄膜除了具有上述的透气性、稳定性， 聚丙烯酸钠纳米纤维还具有强大的吸水和储水能力，特别适合用于尿不湿的制备中。
具体实施方式
为更进一步阐述本发明所采取的技术手段及其效果，以下结合本发明的优选实施例来进一步说明本发明的技术方案，但本发明并非局限在实施例范围内。
以下实施例所涉及的聚丙烯酸钠采用以下方法制备得到：
将22份丙烯酸、7份氢氧化钠、0.8份PVA、0.05份(NH 4) 2S 2O 8和0.05份(CH 2CCONH) 2CH 2带有搅拌器的夹套反应罐中搅匀，再依次进行预聚合和聚合反应，干燥后得到。
以下实施例所涉及的聚氨酯采用以下方法制备得到：
将对苯二异氰酸酯15份、二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯15份、聚乙二醇(PEG8000)60份、乙二醇5份、乙二胺5份、催化剂(辛酸亚锡)5份和抗氧化剂(CHEMNOX 1010)10份按比例混合后进行反应，在真空脱水条件和110℃下以1500r/min的速率进行搅拌反应15h，得到聚氨酯材料。
以下实施例所涉及的聚二甲基硅氧烷的粘度(25℃cp)为10000。
实施例1
本发明提供一种尿不湿用无气味TPU薄膜，包括依次相叠的TPU纳米纤维表层、TPU纳米纤维中间层和TPU纳米纤维底层。
所述TPU纳米纤维表层按重量份数计包括聚氨酯纳米纤维30份、聚二甲基硅氧烷纳米纤维35份、抗菌剂2份、滑石粉1份、芥酸酰胺1份。
所述TPU纳米纤维中间层按重量份数计包括聚氨酯纳米纤维30份和聚丙烯酸钠纳米纤维40份。
所述TPU纳米纤维底层按重量份数计包括聚氨酯纳米纤维30份、聚二甲 基硅氧烷纳米纤维15份和抗菌剂8份。
其制备方法为：
(1)将聚氨酯、抗菌剂(壳聚糖盐酸盐)、滑石粉、芥酸酰胺按重量份数混合溶解于丙酮中，将聚二甲基硅氧烷按重量份数溶解于丙酮中，得到TPU纳米纤维表层的两种溶液；
(2)将聚氨酯和聚丙烯酸钠按重量份数分别溶解于丙酮中，得到TPU纳米纤维中间层的两种溶液；
(3)将聚氨酯和抗菌剂(壳聚糖盐酸盐)按重量份数混合溶解于丙酮中，将聚二甲基硅氧烷按重量份数溶解于丙酮中，得到TPU纳米纤维底层的两种溶液；
(4)利用2喷头静电纺丝设备依次进行对三层静电纺丝，得到所述尿不湿用无气味TPU薄膜，在25℃下真空干燥48h；喷头内径为0.4mm；电压为15kV；针尖和集电极之间的距离为16cm；进液速度为0.5mL/L。
实施例2
本发明提供一种尿不湿用无气味TPU薄膜，包括依次相叠的TPU纳米纤维表层、TPU纳米纤维中间层和TPU纳米纤维底层。
所述TPU纳米纤维表层按重量份数计包括聚氨酯纳米纤维40份、聚二甲基硅氧烷纳米纤维40份、抗菌剂3份、滑石粉1份、芥酸酰胺1份。
所述TPU纳米纤维中间层按重量份数计包括聚氨酯纳米纤维40份和聚丙烯酸钠纳米纤维50份。
所述TPU纳米纤维底层按重量份数计包括聚氨酯纳米纤维40份、聚二甲基硅氧烷纳米纤维20份和抗菌剂10份。
其制备方法为：
(1)将聚氨酯、抗菌剂(壳聚糖季铵盐)、滑石粉和芥酸酰胺按重量份数混合溶解于N，N-二甲基甲酰胺中，将聚二甲基硅氧烷按重量份数溶解于N，N-二甲基甲酰胺中，得到TPU纳米纤维表层的两种溶液；
(2)将聚氨酯和聚丙烯酸钠按重量份数分别溶解于N，N-二甲基甲酰胺中，得到TPU纳米纤维中间层的两种溶液；
(3)将聚氨酯和抗菌剂(壳聚糖季铵盐)按重量份数混合溶解于N，N-二甲基甲酰胺中，将聚二甲基硅氧烷按重量份数溶解于N，N-二甲基甲酰胺中，得到TPU纳米纤维底层的两种溶液；
(4)利用2喷头静电纺丝设备依次进行对三层静电纺丝，得到所述尿不湿用无气味TPU薄膜，在25℃下真空干燥48h；喷头内径为0.4mm；电压为15kV；针尖和集电极之间的距离为16cm；进液速度为0.5mL/L。
实施例3
本发明提供一种尿不湿用无气味TPU薄膜，包括依次相叠的TPU纳米纤维表层、TPU纳米纤维中间层和TPU纳米纤维底层。
所述TPU纳米纤维表层按重量份数计包括聚氨酯纳米纤维20份、聚二甲基硅氧烷纳米纤维30份、抗菌剂1份、滑石粉1份、芥酸酰胺1份。
所述TPU纳米纤维中间层按重量份数计包括聚氨酯纳米纤维20份和聚丙烯酸钠纳米纤维30份。
所述TPU纳米纤维底层按重量份数计包括聚氨酯纳米纤维20份、聚二甲基硅氧烷纳米纤维10份和抗菌剂5份。
其制备方法为：
(1)将聚氨酯、抗菌剂(羟丙基壳聚糖)、滑石粉和芥酸酰胺按重量份数混合溶解于N，N-二甲基甲酰胺中，将聚二甲基硅氧烷按重量份数溶解于N，N-二 甲基甲酰胺中，得到TPU纳米纤维表层的两种溶液；
(2)将聚氨酯和聚丙烯酸钠按重量份数分别溶解于N，N-二甲基甲酰胺中，得到TPU纳米纤维中间层的两种溶液；
(3)将聚氨酯和抗菌剂(羟丙基壳聚糖)按重量份数混合溶解于N，N-二甲基甲酰胺中，将聚二甲基硅氧烷按重量份数溶解于N，N-二甲基甲酰胺中，得到TPU纳米纤维底层的两种溶液；
(4)利用2喷头静电纺丝设备依次进行对三层静电纺丝，得到所述尿不湿用无气味TPU薄膜，在25℃下真空干燥48h；喷头内径为0.4mm；电压为15kV；针尖和集电极之间的距离为16cm；进液速度为0.5mL/L。
实施例4
本发明提供一种尿不湿用无气味TPU薄膜，包括依次相叠的TPU纳米纤维表层、TPU纳米纤维中间层和TPU纳米纤维底层。其中不含有聚二甲基硅氧烷纳米纤维。
所述TPU纳米纤维表层按重量份数计包括聚氨酯纳米纤维65份、抗菌剂(壳聚糖盐酸盐)2份、滑石粉1份、芥酸酰胺1份。
所述TPU纳米纤维中间层按重量份数计包括聚氨酯纳米纤维30份和聚丙烯酸钠纳米纤维40份。
所述TPU纳米纤维底层按重量份数计包括聚氨酯纳米纤维45份和抗菌剂(壳聚糖盐酸盐)8份。
其制备方法与实施例1的区别仅在于表层和底层使用单喷头静电纺丝设备进行纺丝，其他均一致。
实施例5
本发明提供一种尿不湿用无气味TPU薄膜，包括依次相叠的TPU纳米纤 维表层、TPU纳米纤维中间层和TPU纳米纤维底层。其中不含有抗菌剂。
所述TPU纳米纤维表层按重量份数计包括聚氨酯纳米纤维30份、聚二甲基硅氧烷纳米纤维35份、滑石粉1份、芥酸酰胺1份。
所述TPU纳米纤维中间层按重量份数计包括聚氨酯纳米纤维30份和聚丙烯酸钠纳米纤维40份。
所述TPU纳米纤维底层按重量份数计包括聚氨酯纳米纤维30份、聚二甲基硅氧烷纳米纤维15份。
其制备方法与实施例1一致。
实施例6
本发明提供一种尿不湿用无气味TPU薄膜，包括依次相叠的TPU纳米纤维表层、TPU纳米纤维中间层和TPU纳米纤维底层。其中不含有聚丙烯酸钠纳米纤维。
所述TPU纳米纤维表层按重量份数计包括聚氨酯纳米纤维30份、聚二甲基硅氧烷纳米纤维35份、抗菌剂(壳聚糖盐酸盐)2份、滑石粉1份、芥酸酰胺1份。
所述TPU纳米纤维中间层按重量份数计包括聚氨酯纳米纤维70份。
所述TPU纳米纤维底层按重量份数计包括聚氨酯纳米纤维30份、聚二甲基硅氧烷纳米纤维15份和抗菌剂(壳聚糖盐酸盐)8份。
其制备方法与实施例1的区别仅在于中间层采用单喷头静电纺丝设备进行纺丝，其他均一致。
对比例1
本对比例提供一种TPU薄膜，包括依次相叠的TPU表层、TPU中间层和TPU底层。
所述TPU表层按重量份数计包括聚氨酯40份、聚二甲基硅氧烷40份、抗菌剂(壳聚糖盐酸盐)3份、滑石粉1份、芥酸酰胺1份。
所述TPU纳米纤维中间层按重量份数计包括聚氨酯40份和聚丙烯酸钠50份。
所述TPU纳米纤维底层按重量份数计包括聚氨酯40份、聚二甲基硅氧烷20份和抗菌剂(壳聚糖盐酸盐)10份。
其制备方法为：
(1)将聚氨酯、聚二甲基硅氧烷、抗菌剂、滑石粉、芥酸酰胺按配比混合，得到TPU表层混合料；将聚氨酯和聚丙烯酸钠按配比混合，得到TPU中间层混合料；将聚氨酯、聚二甲基硅氧烷和抗菌剂按配比混合，得到TPU底层混合料；
(2)利用双螺杆挤出机将步骤(1)得到的三种混合料分别挤出再进行压合，得到所述TPU薄膜；
(3)将步骤(2)得到的TPU薄膜在25℃下真空干燥48h。
评价试验
(1)水蒸气透过率测试
将上述实施例1-6和对比例1制备得到的TPU薄膜进行水蒸气透过率测试(测试方法采用GB/T 1037-1988，每个样品平行测试3次，取平均值)，结果如表1所示。
表1
样品 水蒸气透过率g/(m 2·24h)
实施例1 38.524
实施例2 36.343
实施例3 37.216
实施例4 38.894
实施例5 40.275
实施例6 38.754
对比例1 13.486
由表1数据结果可知：对比实施例1-6和对比例1的数据可以看出，本发明所涉及的尿不湿用无气味TPU薄膜具有很好的透气性；由实施例1和实施例4的数据可以看出，单一种类的纳米纤维层会比多种类纳米纤维层的透气性稍好一些；由实施例1和实施例5的数据可以看出，纳米纤维中不含有抗菌剂的产品会比含有抗菌剂产品的透气性稍好一些；由实施例1和实施例6的数据可以看出，单一种类的纳米纤维层会比多种类纳米纤维层的透气性稍好一些。
(2)杀菌性能评价
将上述实施例1-6和对比例1制备得到的TPU薄膜进行抑菌性能评价，模型菌共选用革兰氏阳性菌：金黄色葡萄球菌、粪肠球菌；革兰氏阴性菌：大肠杆菌。其操作方法如下：对金黄色葡萄球菌、粪肠球菌、绿脓杆菌、大肠杆菌和红曲霉分别进行菌种的活化和扩增，再稀释成浓度为5×10 5CFU/mL的菌悬液，用无菌吸管各吸取200μL菌悬液均匀涂布于各样品的表层上，在37℃下培养24h；然后用等体积的培养基将样品表面的细菌吹洗下来，置于37℃下再培养8h，稀释后涂平板，统计各组样品的菌落数(表中数据单位为CFU/mL，每个样品平行重复3次，取平均值)。结果如表2所示。
表2
样品 金黄色葡萄球菌 粪肠球菌 大肠杆菌
实施例1 3.40×10 3 6.79×10 3 2.56×10 4
实施例2 6.75×10 3 2.65×10 3 6.54×10 4
实施例3 8.23×10 3 5.86×10 3 4.86×10 4
实施例4 4.58×10 3 2.98×10 3 6.78×10 4
实施例5 7.78×10 4 4.68×10 5 5.50×10 5
实施例6 5.05×10 3 2.88×10 3 3.15×10 4
对比例1 2.10×10 6 5.67×10 6 8.52×10 8
由表2数据结果可知：对比实施例1-6和对比例1的数据可以看出，本发明所涉及的尿不湿用无气味TPU薄膜具有很好的抑菌性能；由实施例1和实施例4的数据可以看出，单一种类的纳米纤维层会与多种类纳米纤维层的抑菌性差不多；由实施例1和实施例5的数据可以看出，纳米纤维中不含有抗菌剂的产品会比含有抗菌剂产品的抑菌性能显著降低；由实施例1和实施例6的数据可以看出，单一种类的纳米纤维层会与多种类纳米纤维层的抑菌性差不多。
(3)延伸度和柔软度评价
将上述实施例1-6和对比例1制备得到的TPU薄膜进行延伸度和柔软度评价，延伸度采用GB/T 24218.3-2010方法；柔软度采用GB/T 8942-2002方法。测试结果如表3所示。
表3
Figure PCTCN2020140459-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2020140459-appb-000002
由表3数据结果可知：对比实施例1-6和对比例1的数据可以看出，本发明所涉及的尿不湿用无气味TPU薄膜具有很好的延伸度和柔软度；由实施例1和实施例4的数据可以看出，缺少聚二甲基硅氧烷纤维会使产品的延伸性能和柔软度显著变差；由实施例1和实施例5的数据可以看出，缺少抗菌剂反而会在一定程度上促进产品的延伸性；由实施例1和实施例6的数据可以看出，缺少聚丙烯酸钠纤维而用聚氨酯纤维代替会在一定程度上促进产品的延伸性。
(4)吸水性能评价
将上述实施例1-6和对比例1制备得到的TPU薄膜进行吸水性能评价，方法采用GB/T22905-2008。测试结果如表4所示。
表4
样品 吸液量g/g 吸液速率s
实施例1 1128 56
实施例2 1093 52
实施例3 1115 59
实施例4 1017 55
实施例5 1187 56
实施例6 365 24
对比例1 952 36
由表4数据结果可知：对比实施例1-6和对比例1的数据可以看出，本发明所涉及的尿不湿用无气味TPU薄膜具有很好的吸水性能；由实施例1和实施 例4的数据可以看出，缺少聚二甲基硅氧烷纤维不会使产品的吸水性能有影响；由实施例1和实施例5的数据可以看出，缺少抗菌剂不会对产品的吸水性能有影响；由实施例1和实施例6的数据可以看出，缺少聚丙烯酸钠纤维会显著降低产品的吸水性能。
申请人声明，本发明通过上述实施例来说明本发明的一种尿不湿用无气味TPU薄膜及其制备方法，但本发明并不局限于上述实施例，即不意味着本发明必须依赖上述实施例才能实施。所属技术领域的技术人员应该明了，对本发明的任何改进，对本发明产品各原料的等效替换及辅助成分的添加、具体方式的选择等，均落在本发明的保护范围和公开范围之内。
以上详细描述了本发明的优选实施方式，但是，本发明并不限于上述实施方式中的具体细节，在本发明的技术构思范围内，可以对本发明的技术方案进行多种简单变型，这些简单变型均属于本发明的保护范围。
另外需要说明的是，在上述具体实施方式中所描述的各个具体技术特征，在不矛盾的情况下，可以通过任何合适的方式进行组合，为了避免不必要的重复，本发明对各种可能的组合方式不再另行说明。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种尿不湿用无气味TPU薄膜，其特征在于，所述尿不湿用无气味TPU薄膜包括依次相叠的TPU纳米纤维表层、TPU纳米纤维中间层和TPU纳米纤维底层。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的尿不湿用无气味TPU薄膜，其特征在于，所述TPU纳米纤维表层包括聚氨酯纳米纤维、聚二甲基硅氧烷纳米纤维、抗菌剂、滑石粉、芥酸酰胺，所述抗菌剂、滑石粉、芥酸酰胺分散于聚氨酯纳米纤维中；
    优选地，所述TPU纳米纤维表层按重量份数计包括聚氨酯纳米纤维20-40份、聚二甲基硅氧烷纳米纤维30-40份、抗菌剂1-3份、滑石粉1-3份、芥酸酰胺1-3份。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的尿不湿用无气味TPU薄膜，其特征在于，所述TPU纳米纤维中间层包括聚氨酯纳米纤维和聚丙烯酸钠纳米纤维；
    优选地，所述TPU纳米纤维中间层按重量份数计包括聚氨酯纳米纤维20-40份和聚丙烯酸钠纳米纤维30-50份。
  4. 如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的尿不湿用无气味TPU薄膜，其特征在于，所述TPU纳米纤维底层包括聚氨酯纳米纤维、聚二甲基硅氧烷纳米纤维和抗菌剂，所述抗菌剂分散于聚氨酯纳米纤维中；
    优选地，所述TPU纳米纤维底层按重量份数计包括聚氨酯纳米纤维20-40份、聚二甲基硅氧烷纳米纤维10-20份和抗菌剂5-10份。
  5. 如权利要求2-4中任一项所述的尿不湿用无气味TPU薄膜，其特征在于，所述聚氨酯纳米纤维的制备原料按重量份数计包括二异氰酸酯20-40份、聚乙二醇40-80份、扩链剂5-20份；
    优选地，所述二异氰酸酯包括对苯二异氰酸酯、亚甲基二异氰酸酯或二苯 甲烷二异氰酸酯中的任意一种或至少两种的组合；优选对苯二异氰酸酯和亚甲基二异氰酸酯的组合；
    优选地，所述扩链剂包括乙二醇、乙二胺、1，3-丙二醇、1，4-丁二醇或己二醇中的任意一种或至少两种的组合；优选乙二醇和乙二胺的组合；
    优选地，所述聚乙二醇的数均分子量为8000-10000；
    优选地，所述聚氨酯纳米纤维的制备原料按重量份数计还包括催化剂5-10份和/或抗氧化剂10-20份。
  6. 如权利要求2或4所述的尿不湿用无气味TPU薄膜，其特征在于，所述抗菌剂包括壳聚糖季铵盐、壳聚糖盐酸盐或羟丙基壳聚糖中的任意一种或至少两种的组合，优选壳聚糖季铵盐。
  7. 如权利要求1-6中任一项所述的尿不湿用无气味TPU薄膜的制备方法，其特征在于，所述制备方法包括如下步骤：
    (1)将TPU纳米纤维表层、TPU纳米纤维中间层和TPU纳米纤维底层中含有的成分分别按重量份数溶解于有机溶剂中，得到溶解液；
    (2)将步骤(1)得到的溶解液依次进行三层的多喷头静电纺丝，得到所述尿不湿用无气味TPU薄膜。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的尿不湿用无气味TPU薄膜的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(1)所述有机溶剂包括N，N-二甲基甲酰胺、丙酮或六氟异丙醇中的任意一种或至少两种的组合。
  9. 如权利要求7或8所述的尿不湿用无气味TPU薄膜的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(2)所述静电纺丝的喷头内径为0.4-0.6mm；
    优选地，步骤(2)所述静电纺丝的电压为12-16kV；
    优选地，步骤(2)所述静电纺丝的针尖和集电极之间的距离为12-16cm；
    优选地，所述进行静电纺丝时的温度为20-30℃；
    优选地，步骤(2)所述静电纺丝的进液速度为0.5-1.0mL/L；
    优选地，步骤(2)所述得到所述尿不湿用无气味TPU薄膜后还包括对其后处理，所述后处理操作为：将所述尿不湿用无气味TPU薄膜在20-30℃下真空干燥24-72h。
  10. 如权利要求7-9所述的尿不湿用无气味TPU薄膜的制备方法，其特征在于，所述制备方法具体包括如下步骤：
    (1)将聚氨酯、抗菌剂、滑石粉、芥酸酰胺按重量份数混合溶解于溶剂中，将聚二甲基硅氧烷按重量份数溶解于溶剂中，得到TPU纳米纤维表层的两种溶液；
    (2)将聚氨酯和聚丙烯酸钠按重量份数分别溶解于溶剂中，得到TPU纳米纤维中间层的两种溶液；
    (3)将聚氨酯和抗菌剂按重量份数混合溶解于溶剂中，将聚二甲基硅氧烷按重量份数溶解于溶剂中，得到TPU纳米纤维底层的两种溶液；
    (4)对上述得到的溶液依次进行三层多喷头静电纺丝，得到所述尿不湿用无气味TPU薄膜。
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