WO2021208157A1

WO2021208157A1 - Helical peanut shelling system and method thereof

Info

Publication number: WO2021208157A1
Application number: PCT/CN2020/089268
Authority: WO
Inventors: 王晓铭; 李长河; 刘明政; 李心平; 刘向东; 杨会民; 张彦彬; 侯亚丽
Original assignee: 青岛理工大学; 新疆农业科学院农业机械化研究所; 河南科技大学
Priority date: 2020-04-13
Filing date: 2020-05-08
Publication date: 2021-10-21
Also published as: CN111374325A

Abstract

A helical peanut shelling system and a method thereof, relating to the technical field of peanut processing. The helical peanut shelling system comprises a feeding device (I), configured to deliver peanuts to a helical shelling device (II); and a helical shelling device (II), comprising a helical shelling rotor (Ⅱ-0102), a square grid (Ⅱ-0106) being provided on the periphery of the helical shelling rotor (Ⅱ-0102), the spacing between the helical shelling rotor (Ⅱ-0102) and the square grid (Ⅱ-0106) being adjustable, a helical shelling module (Ⅱ-01) being provided in the spacing, and the helical shelling module (Ⅱ-01) being configured to squeeze peanut shells to perform shelling. The spacing between the helical shelling rotor (Ⅱ-0102) and the square grid (Ⅱ-0106) is adjustable to adapt to the peanut shelling, thus preventing missed squeeze caused by peanuts of different sizes falling into the helical shelling device (II).

Description

Spiral peanut shell breaking system and method

Technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of peanut processing, and in particular relates to a spiral peanut shell breaking system and a method thereof.

Background technique

The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present invention, and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

Peanut seed resources are precious. There are a large number of peanut production areas, the amount of peanuts required to be peeled is small, and different types of peanut seeds cannot be mixed. The requirements for the damage and loss of the kernels after peeling are more stringent. Traditional mechanical peeling methods are difficult to meet. As a requirement for seed peanuts. Peanut shelling is the operation of obtaining peanut kernels from peanut pods by mechanical or non-mechanical means. It is a necessary process before food processing and peanut import and export. The effect of peanut shelling has a vital impact on food processing and peanut import and export, and directly affects farmers' income and the comprehensive utilization of peanut resources.

After searching, Li Hong, Jiang Xiukun, Liu Xiao, Chen Qiang, Xie Jin, and Li Yujie of Tarim University invented a rubbing force peanut shelling device (patent number: ZL201920463790.5), including a vibrating screen installed in the lower part of the frame , Motor and fan. The air outlet of the fan is inclined towards the screen surface of the vibrating screen. The motor is located below the side of the vibrating screen. The top surface of the rack above the vibrating screen is horizontally set with a cylindrical shelling box, and the top of the shelling box There is a feeding port on the surface, and the bottom of the shelling box is provided with a discharge port axially. A driven shaft is coaxially arranged in the shelling box. A round rod is arranged between the outer ends of the rod to form a round rod drum, the round rod is parallel to the driven shaft, and the driven shaft is driven by the motor through a V-belt. A semi-cylindrical shape is coaxially arranged in the lower part of the shelling box. Grid board. However, the size of the gap between the rollers of the device is fixed, which is easy to cause damage to the peanut kernels, and at the same time, the shell breaking efficiency is not high, and it is easy to cause blockage between the cylindrical rollers.

After searching, Ji Hongmei and Yu Linchong of Jiangsu Shengxia Agricultural Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd. invented a peanut shelling machine (patent number: ZL201822208306.2), which includes a shelling box. The top of the shelling box is equipped with a feed inlet for shelling. The inside of the box is provided with a shelling device, which includes a shell breaking mechanism and a shelling mechanism; the shell breaking mechanism includes a number of squeezing rollers, the squeezing rollers are provided with squeezing strips; the squeezing rollers are provided with a first The vibrating screen, the dehulling mechanism is arranged under the first vibrating screen, and includes a lowering bin and a dehulling roller. The dehulling roller is arranged in the feeding port of the lowering bin, and the dehulling roller is provided with dehulling teeth; There is a screening fan and a dust box on both sides of the machine; a second slanted vibrating screen is provided under the discharge opening, and the lower end of the second vibrating screen is provided with a material box, and a third vibrating screen is provided in the material box; the second vibration There is a waste box under the sieve, and there is a crushing mechanism in the waste box; the shelling teeth are used to comb the broken peanuts, and the peanuts are separated from the shell, which improves the removal rate of peanuts; The granulated peanuts are screened, saving manpower. However, due to the size of the gap between the rollers, the effect on peanuts of different sizes is poor, and a peanut pod grading device is required.

In summary, the inventor found that the main problems existing in the current peanut dehulling device are that the uniformity of peanut pods is slightly poor, and the cracking gap is fixed, resulting in poor general performance of the dehulling machine.

Summary of the invention

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the first aspect of the present invention provides a spiral peanut shelling system, which utilizes the adjustable distance between the spiral shelling rotor and the grid to adapt the peanut shelling, avoiding the spiral shelling device from falling into the shell. Leakage caused by different specifications of peanuts.

In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A spiral peanut shell breaking system, including:

Feeding device, which is used to send peanuts to the spiral shell breaking device;

The spiral shell breaking device includes a spiral shell breaking rotor, the spiral shell breaking rotor is provided with a grid bar, the distance between the spiral shell breaking rotor and the grid bar is adjustable, and a spiral shell breaking module is arranged in the spacing, which is used for the spiral shell breaking module To squeeze the peanuts to break the shell.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the second aspect of the present invention provides a working method of a spiral peanut shell breaking system, which adjusts the gap between the spiral shell breaking rotor and the grid to adapt the peanut shell breaking and avoiding the spiral peanut shell breaking device Leakage caused by falling peanuts of different specifications.

A working method of the spiral peanut shell breaking system includes:

Peanuts enter the feeding device and are transported to the spiral shell breaking device;

Adjust the gap between the spiral shell-breaking rotor and the grid to adapt the peanut shell-breaking;

The peanuts are crushed and crushed by the spiral shelling module in the gap between the spiral shelling rotor in the spiral shelling device and the grid bar.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

(1) The gap between the spiral shell-breaking rotor and the grid bars of the present invention is adjustable, so that the gap can realize a gradual change in the front and back, and avoid the leakage and squeezing caused by the spiral shell-breaking device falling into peanuts of different specifications.

(2) In the present invention, the spiral shell-breaking rotor is matched with the grid to carry out screw feeding and squeezing of the peanuts, so as to realize the lateral squeezing and kneading force on the peanuts to perform the peanut shell-breaking work.

Description of the drawings

The accompanying drawings constituting a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are used to explain the present invention, and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention.

Fig. 1 is an axial view of a spiral peanut shell breaking system according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a side view of a spiral peanut shell breaking system according to the second embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 3 (a) is an exploded view of the feeding device of the embodiment of the present invention;

[Corrected according to Rule 91 16.06.2020]
Figure 3 (b) is a cross-sectional view of the feeding device of the embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 4 is a top view of a controllable hopper according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 5 is a side view of a feeding conveyor belt according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is an axial view of the spiral shell breaking device according to the embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 7 (a) is an exploded view of the spiral shell breaking module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 7(b) is a cross-sectional view of the spiral shell breaking module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a top view of a circular top cover according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 9 is an exploded view of the spiral shell-breaking rotor according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 10 (a) is a side view of the arc-shaped rubber friction plate of the embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 10 (b) is an exploded view of an arc-shaped rubber friction plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 10 (c) is a cross-sectional view of an arc-shaped rubber friction plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 11 is a front view of a circular fixing plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 12 is a front view of a gap adjusting device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 13 (a) is a top view of a square grid bar according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 13(b) is a top view of a square grid bar according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 14 (a) is an analysis diagram of the force of the peanut pod under the squeezing force during the dehulling process of the embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 14(b) is an analysis diagram of the force of peanut pods under impact force during the dehulling process of the embodiment of the present invention;

15 is a side view of the negative pressure adsorption axis of the embodiment of the present invention;

In the figure, the feeding device I, the spiral shell breaking device II, and the negative pressure adsorption device III;

I-01-Feeding baffle, I-02-Controllable hopper adjustment plate, I-03-Fixed bearing, I-04-Flexible baffle module, I-0401-Flexible baffle, I-0402-Fixed bolt, I -05-Feeding device outlet, I-06-Feeding conveyor belt, I-0601-Feeding conveyor belt main body, I-0602-Feeding conveyor belt convex plate, I-07-Feeding conveyor belt shaft, I-08-Pulley Power part

Ⅱ-01-Spiral shell breaking module, Ⅱ-0101-round top cover, Ⅱ-010101-round top cover feed inlet, Ⅱ-010102-round top cover fixing groove, Ⅱ-010101-round top cover body , Ⅱ-0102-screw shell rotor, Ⅱ-010201-screw shell rotor fixing nut, Ⅱ-010202-screw auger, Ⅱ-010203-drive shaft, Ⅱ-010204-circular fixed plate, Ⅱ-01020401-arc Fixed hole for the shaped rubber friction plate, Ⅱ-01020402-fixed hole for the drive shaft, Ⅱ-010205-curved rubber friction plate, Ⅱ-01020501-curved rubber plate curved steel plate, Ⅱ-01020502-curved rubber friction plate fixed shaft, Ⅱ-01020503-raised rubber plate, Ⅱ-01020504-fixing screw, Ⅱ-0103-front round fixing plate, Ⅱ-0104-rear round fixing plate, Ⅱ-0105-screw module fixing bolt, Ⅱ-0106-square Grid, Ⅱ-010601-square grid body, Ⅱ-010602-square grid fixed groove, Ⅱ-010603-square grid gap, Ⅱ-02-gap adjustment device, Ⅱ-0201-gap adjustment device beam, Ⅱ- 0202-gap adjustment device frame, Ⅱ-0203-gap adjustment device fixed bearing, Ⅱ-0204-gap adjustment screw, Ⅱ-0205-gap adjustment nut, Ⅱ-03-screw shell power part, Ⅱ-04-horizontal conveying Belt, Ⅱ-05-horizontal conveyor belt power part, Ⅱ-06-discharge port, Ⅱ-07-shell breaking baffle;

Ⅲ-01-Negative pressure adsorption outlet, Ⅲ-02-Negative pressure adsorption inlet, Ⅲ-03-Negative pressure adsorption fixed frame.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments.

It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are all illustrative and are intended to provide further descriptions of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present invention belongs.

It should be noted that the terms used here are only for describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should also be understood that when the terms "comprising" and/or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate There are features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.

In the present invention, terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", "side", "bottom", etc. indicate The azimuth or position relationship is based on the azimuth or position relationship shown in the drawings, and is only a relationship term determined to facilitate the description of the structural relationship of each component or element of the present invention. It does not specifically refer to any component or element in the present invention and cannot be understood as a reference Limitations of the invention.

In the present invention, terms such as "fixed connection", "connected", "connected", etc. should be understood in a broad sense, meaning that it can be a fixed connection, an integral connection or a detachable connection; it can be directly connected, or through an intermediate connection. The medium is indirectly connected. For the relevant scientific research or technical personnel in the field, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be determined according to the specific situation, and it should not be understood as a limitation of the present invention.

Example one

As described in the background art, the inventor found that the existing peanut shell breaking device has unsatisfactory shell breaking effects. The peanut kernels have high damage rate, low shell breaking efficiency, and poor general performance of the shelling machinery. In order to solve For the above technical problem, the first embodiment of the present invention proposes a spiral peanut shell breaking system.

The spiral peanut shell breaking system of this embodiment will be further described below in conjunction with Figure 1 and Figure 3-Figure 14 (b);

Referring to Figure 1, the spiral peanut shelling system is composed of a feeding device I and a spiral shelling device II. The feeding device I is set in front of the spiral shelling device II, and the feeding baffle I-01 in the feeding device I, such as As shown in Figure 4, the controllable hopper adjusting plate I-02 is welded to the hopper, and the flexible baffle I-0401 is fixed under the hopper by a fixing bolt I-0402 to restrict peanuts and prevent peanuts from leaking out. Among them, the flexible baffle I-0401 and the fixing bolt I-0402 constitute the flexible baffle module I-04.

As shown in Figure 5, the feeding conveyor belt I-06 is placed obliquely and driven by the feeding conveyor belt shaft I-07 and the pulley power part I-08. The feeding conveyor belt shaft I-07 is fixed on the frame by the fixed bearing I-03. , The feeding conveyor belt convex plate I-0602 is fixed on the feeding conveyor belt main body I-0601, which drives the peanuts to be conveyed upwards. The feeding device outlet I-05 is welded to the front of the feeding baffle I-01 and fixed on the frame , The peanuts fall into the spiral shelling device II through the discharge port I-05 of the feeding device to break the shell, as shown in Figure 3(a) and Figure 3(b). In this embodiment, through the combination of the feeding conveyor belt and the controllable hopper, the peanut conveying volume can be effectively controlled, the peanut conveying rate can be improved, and the next step of shelling can be prepared in an orderly manner, so as to achieve the purpose of efficient and accurate feeding.

The design of the spiral shell breaking device needs to obtain the relevant parameters of peanuts. The relevant calculation of the peanut parameters is:

(1) Calculate the damage stress of peanuts.

According to the stress calculation formula:

Where: σ—stress, MP;

F—Axial force on peanut, N;

S—The cross-sectional area of peanuts, m ² .

(2) Calculate the strain ε when the peanut is broken

The calculation formula of strain is:

In the formula: ΔH—the actual deformation when the peanut is broken, mm;

H—the original height of peanuts, mm;

(3) Calculate the elastic modulus E of peanuts

Calculation formula of elastic modulus:

Where: σ—stress on peanut, MP;

ε—Strain that occurs in peanuts.

(4) Shell thickness and shell kernel spacing L is

Among them, D is the width of the pod;

d is the width of the kernel;

l is the thickness of the shell.

The extrusion distance can be obtained by measuring the thickness of the peanut shell and analyzing the distance between the shell and the kernel.

Analysis of the effect of different forms of force on peanut pods:

The force of the peanut pod under the squeezing force is: the gravity G of the peanut pod itself, the squeezing force F of the peanut pod by the squeezing rod, the friction force f between the square grid and the squeezing rod, and the square grid Its supporting force N is the effect of the squeezing rod on the peanut squeezing force P. Due to the different positions of the squeezing rod relative to the peanut pod, the force exerted on the pod will also change. The force of the peanut pod under the impact force state is: the gravity G of the peanut pod itself, the impact force F1 of the peanut pod by the shelling board, the friction force f between the square grid bar and the squeezing rod, and the square grid bar The supporting force N for the peanut pod, the squeezing friction force between the peanut and the peanut and the force inside the peanut pod are negligible.

As shown in Figure 14(a) and Figure 14(b), the force analysis of the force state of the peanut pod is introduced in detail below, and the rectangular coordinate system as shown in the figure is established, and the peanut pod is supported by the wall. It is the X axis, the direction of the X axis of the squeezing surface is vertical, and the included angle with the squeezing rod depends on the placement angle of the squeezing rod. Assuming that the included angle is α, the included angle θ is the squeezing at the moment when the peanut pod is stressed. The angle between the rod and the vertical. In the state of squeezing force, the specific force of the peanut pod is gravity G=mg, the direction is vertical downward; the friction force f=μ(FN) (μ is the friction coefficient), the direction is along the positive direction of the Y axis; the pressure F, the direction is along X-axis negative direction; supporting force N, the direction is along the X-axis upward. The force of the peanut pod under the impact force is gravity G=mg, the direction is vertical downward; the friction force f=μN, the direction is along the positive direction of the Y-axis; the supporting force N, the direction is upwards along the X-axis; Force F1, the direction is along the negative direction of the Y axis.

State of squeezing force: The force balance equation of peanut pods on the X-axis and Y-axis is:

ΣX=0, F+μ(F-N)sinα+Gcosθ-N=0

Sorting out the solution:

Impact state: The force balance equation of peanut pods on the X-axis and Y-axis is:

ΣX=0, F+μNsinα+Gcosθ-N=0

ΣY=0, F ₁ +Gsinθ+μNcosα-ma=0

Where a=-arctanμ;

N: Supporting power of peanut pods, N;

G: The gravity of the peanut pod, N;

F: The squeezing force of the peanut pod, N;

F ₁ ：Strike force received by the peanut pod, N;

m: The quality of peanut pods, Kg.

According to the force balance equation under the two stress states, the acceleration value a of the peanut pod can be obtained. According to the obtained expression, it can be found that when the force F _{1 of the} squeezing rod on the pod, the pressing force F on the pod, and the support force of the square grid bar on the pod remain unchanged, the acceleration a of the peanut pod is only affected by the angle The influence of θ indicates that the resultant force on the peanut pod during the dehulling process is related to the position of the peanut when the peanut is broken, and the resultant force is constantly changing.

In the squeezing state, the peanut pod is peeled by the squeezing and kneading action of the squeezing rod and the square grid. Compared with the squeezing force of the peeling and punching board, the other external forces on the pod are relatively small. This is the primary force that causes the crushing and cracking of peanuts. Since it is not a direct impact, the generated momentum is small and the impact is small. The peeled peanut kernels are small in damage and high in quality, which should be used for shelling. Force. Peanut pods under the action of beating mainly rely on the impact force to peel off the shell, so the impact force generated is larger, and the momentum is also larger, which is the main factor affecting the damage of peanuts.

Most of the traditional shelling mechanisms require repeated impact and rubbing to achieve the expected shelling effect, which increases the possibility of peanut kernel damage. In order to solve this problem, the spiral shell breaking module includes a screw auger and a rubber friction plate. The spiral auger is arranged in the gap between the spiral shell broken rotor and the grid, and the rubber friction plate is fixed on the spiral shell broken rotor.

In the spiral peanut shell breaking system of this embodiment, the small size peanuts are pushed forward through the screw auger in the spiral shell breaking rotor to ensure that every peanut falling into the gap can be crushed and crushed at a suitable gap. After processing, the broken peanut shells and peanut kernels fall onto the horizontal conveyor belt through the gap of the square grid, which improves the shelling rate of the system and reduces the damage rate to the peanut kernels.

The rubber friction plate in this embodiment is an arc-shaped rubber friction plate, and the surface of the arc-shaped rubber friction plate has lateral rubber protrusions. The main force of the arc-shaped rubber friction plate on the peanut shell is transformed from the impact force to the flexible extrusion and kneading force, which improves the efficiency of extrusion and reduces the damage rate to the peanut kernels.

It should be noted that in other embodiments, the rubber friction plate can also be a rubber friction plate of other shapes, such as a wave shape.

The distance between the spiral shell-breaking rotor II-0102 and the grid is adjustable, and the spiral shell-breaking module Ⅱ-01 is arranged in the distance. The spiral shell-breaking module Ⅱ-01 is used to crush the peanuts.

As shown in Fig. 6, Fig. 7(a), Fig. 7(b), Fig. 8, and Fig. 12, after being fed from the feeding device I, the peanuts fall into the round top cover feeding port Ⅱ-010101 of the round top cover Ⅱ-0101, The round top cover Ⅱ-0101 is fixed on the frame through the round top cover fixing slot Ⅱ-010102 through the screw module fixing bolt Ⅱ-0105, and the spiral shell rotor Ⅱ-0102 passes through the front round fixing plate Ⅱ-0103 and the rear The round fixed plate Ⅱ-0104 is fixed on the frame by the gap adjusting device Ⅱ-02, the spiral shell breaking power part Ⅱ-03 drives the spiral shell broken rotor Ⅱ-0102 through the drive shaft Ⅱ-010203 to break the shell, the gap adjusting device Ⅱ -02 Including the gap adjustment device fixed bearing Ⅱ-0203 fixed in the middle of the gap adjustment device beam Ⅱ-0201, the gap adjustment device fixed bearing Ⅱ-0203 fixed spiral shell rotor Ⅱ-0102, fixed on the gap adjustment device frame Ⅱ-0202 The gap adjustment screw Ⅱ-0204 on the upper side, the gap adjustment nut Ⅱ-0205 fastened to the gap adjustment screw Ⅱ-0204, can be adjusted by adjusting the relative positions of the 4 gap adjustment nuts Ⅱ-0205 and the gap adjustment screw Ⅱ-0204 The height of the cross beam Ⅱ-0201 of the gap adjustment device, through the relative height of the two gap adjustment device cross beams Ⅱ-0201 before and after the spiral shell rotor Ⅱ-0102, can realize the stepless change of the peanut shell gap and adjust the best shell break. gap.

Design of spiral auger diameter:

The formula of spiral diameter:

D——spiral diameter, mm;

K——Material comprehensive characteristic coefficient, t/h, design parameters are determined according to work needs;

——Filling factor;

p——The bulk density of materials, t/m ³ ;

c——Inclination coefficient.

I _m -conveying volume (m ³ /h);

Spiral pitch design Spiral pitch calculation formula

S=K ₁ D

Where:

S——helix pitch;

K ₁ ——The comprehensive characteristic coefficient of the material.

D——spiral diameter, the spiral diameter range obtained according to the comprehensive characteristics of typical bulk materials, the pitch of the spiral auger can be obtained from the above formula.

As shown in Figure 9, the screw auger Ⅱ-010202 is fixed on the drive shaft Ⅱ-010203 to transport peanuts, the round fixed plate Ⅱ-010204 is fixed on the front and rear sides of the auger, and the curved rubber friction plate Ⅱ-010205 is passed through the screw. The broken shell rotor fixing nut Ⅱ-010201 is fixed in the arc rubber friction plate fixing hole Ⅱ-01020401 of the circular fixing plate Ⅱ-010204, and the transmission shaft Ⅱ-010203 passes through the transmission shaft fixing hole Ⅱ-01020402.

Material selection of curved rubber friction plate:

In order to reduce the rigidity collision during the shelling process, the selected shelling plate is a rubber and steel plate combined friction plate. The rubber friction plate is fixed on the curved steel plate by screws, instead of the direct contact between the steel plate and the peanut pod. Rubber is a high molecular organic material, with large relative molecular mass, small intermolecular attraction, and good elasticity, wear resistance, and vibration absorption. In the process of shelling, the flexible rubber friction plate can play a good buffering effect, so that the rigidity collision generated during shelling is greatly reduced, and the steel plate fixed with the rubber friction plate does not lose the rigidity, which can meet the requirements of peanut shelling. The required rigid contact can reduce the breakage rate of peanut kernels while meeting the requirements of the hulling operation. At the same time, the surface of the rubber friction plate will be consumed due to damage. The split rubber friction plate can be replaced and extended greatly. The service life of the machine has been reduced.

As shown in Figure 11, Figure 10(a), Figure 10(b), Figure 10(c), the raised rubber plate II-01020503 is fixed on the curved rubber plate and curved steel plate II-01020501 by fixing screws II-01020504 to ensure correct alignment. The rigid shell of peanuts can also reduce the damage rate of peanut kernels. The fixed shaft of the arc rubber friction plate II-01020502 passes through the arc rubber plate and the arc steel plate II-01020501 plays a fixed support role.

Bar selection:

At present, the grids mainly include mesh woven screens, perforated screens, and grid concave screens. The grid concave screens are divided into square-ribbed grid screens and round-ribbed grid screens.

Due to the interlaced weaving of the circumferential ribs, the mesh woven screen has a large surface roughness, which has a strong effect on peanuts, and is easy to cause damage to the peanut kernels. The size of the peanut kernels based on the selection of the appropriate mesh size varies greatly, resulting in The size of the grid is difficult to select; the stiffness of the woven screen is poor, and it needs to be strengthened around it. The rigidity of the steel plate punch meets the requirements, without the need for stiffening ribs, but the smooth surface of the perforated screen, the force that can be provided is small, which reduces the efficiency of peanut shelling;

The area between the holes of the punching sieve is large, resulting in a low effective utilization area; the choice of punching sieve aperture size is based on the large difference in the size of peanut kernels, making it as difficult to make as the mesh of the weaving sieve The right choice.

The rigidity and surface roughness of the grid concave screen are between the woven screen and the perforated screen. The force generated on the peanuts can meet the requirements of its hulling operation, and the gap between the grid screens is determined based on The size of the peanut kernel is its radial size, the difference is small, and the appropriate gap is easy to choose. Therefore, the choice is a square grid concave screen.

The gap between the spiral shell rotor and the square grid bar has a significant impact on the shelling process. The larger the shelling gap, the larger the shelling space and the lower the effective force, which reduces the removal rate; the larger the shelling gap is Smaller, the smaller the shelling space will be, the effective force will be increased, but it will increase the probability of peanut kernel damage.

Therefore, the square grid is designed to have a certain draft angle, so that the shelling gap can be continuously changed. This makes the peanut pods that are easy to shelling can be smoothly shelled and separated after entering the shelling drum, which is for shelling. The peanut pods move along the axial direction under the action of the spiral blades, and enter the shelling zone with a small shelling gap. In this zone, the shelling roller can increase the impact and rubbing of the peanut pods to complete the shelling. And separated from the drum. This square grid with the spiral shelling roller can effectively reduce the stagnation time of peanut pods in the shelling interval, and increase the flow performance of the peanut material. The reasonable use of the spiral shelling roller can make it easier to use. While affecting the effect of peanut shelling, the damage of peanut kernels is reduced, and the damage rate of peanut kernels is greatly reduced.

In the form of intaglio screens, the removal rate of the square-reinforced grid screen and the round-reinforced grid sieve dehulling machine first increases and then decreases, and the damage rate first decreases and then increases. The removal rate is highest when the square-reinforced grid screen is used first, and the damage rate is At the lowest point, in the selection of square-reinforced grid screen and round-reinforced grid screen, it can be seen that the choice of different intaglio screen materials also has an impact on the test indicators. The friction effect between square ribs and peanuts is better than that of round ribs, and the gap between the intaglio screens is greater. Uniform and stable. Therefore, a square-reinforced grid screen is used.

As shown in Fig. 6, Fig. 7(a), Fig. 13(a), and Fig. 13(b), the square grid bar II-0106 includes the square grid bar body Ⅱ-010601, and the square grid bar body Ⅱ-010601 passes through the square grid bar. The fixing slot Ⅱ-010602 is fixed on the frame by the screw module fixing bolt Ⅱ-0105, the peanut kernels and peanut shells after the broken shell leak out from the square grid gap Ⅱ-010603, fall into the horizontal conveyor belt Ⅱ-04, and the horizontal conveyor drives it. The force part Ⅱ-05 drives the horizontal conveyor belt Ⅱ-04 to rotate, and the shell-breaking baffle plate Ⅱ-07 is located on both sides of the horizontal conveyor belt Ⅱ-04 to prevent peanuts from leaking out.

The working principle of the spiral peanut shell breaking system of this embodiment is:

In this embodiment, the distance between the spiral shell-breaking rotor and the grid bar can be adjusted to adapt the peanut shell-breaking, which avoids the leakage and squeezing caused by the spiral shell-breaking device falling into peanuts of different specifications.

Example two

After searching, the peanut shelling equipment (patent number: ZL201811277658.1) invented by Wang Jianbiao of Jinjiang Zhibao Enterprise Management Consulting Co., Ltd., the peanuts are fed from the feeding hopper, and fall to the spin plate under the action of their own gravity. Under the influence of the rapid rotation of the swing plate, the peanut pods are accelerated and thrown out at a high speed, hitting the ring gear, causing cracks in the peanut pods due to the impact. The peanut pods without cracks undergo secondary impact cracking under the action of the re-stripping board. The impacted peanuts then enter the peanut shelling area composed of a concave sieve and a roller, and the peanut shelling area is dominated by the impact and rubbing action. In this peeling zone, the peanut pods are subjected to the impact force and friction force of the drum ribs, the squeezing force between the peanuts and the peanuts, and the friction force of the peanuts and the concave sieve to complete the peeling. The shelled peanuts and peanut shells fall to the collecting drum through the gap of the concave sieve under the action of their own gravity, the squeezing force between the ribs and the peanuts, and the centrifugal force of the peanuts moving with the ribs, and then pass through the fan The sorting is to sort the peeled peanuts to complete the whole peeling process. However, the peanut pods are accelerated and thrown out at a high speed. When they hit the ring gear, it is easy to cause damage to the peanut kernels. At the same time, the equipment occupies a large volume, and the mechanical structure is not easy to replace after damage. It is not suitable for agricultural machinery. Promotion.

In order to solve the problem of the mechanical action on the peanut pods during the peeling operation, it is difficult to control the peanut kernels and their mixtures after the peeling. The fluidity of the peanut kernels and their mixtures is extremely poor. For the problem of secondary damage, this embodiment is based on the first embodiment. A negative pressure adsorption device III is installed at the output end of the spiral shell breaking device II. The negative pressure adsorption device is used to adsorb the peanut shells on the horizontal conveyor belt to separate the peanut shells. Peanut kernels and peanut shells, as shown in Figure 2.

As shown in Figure 6, the negative pressure adsorption inlet Ⅲ-02 is fixed on the negative pressure adsorption fixed frame Ⅲ-03 and placed on the horizontal conveyor belt Ⅱ-04 to separate the peanut shells and peanut kernels under negative pressure after the shell is broken. , The peanut shell will enter the collection area from the negative pressure adsorption outlet Ⅲ-01, and the separated peanut kernels will enter the next process from the outlet Ⅱ-06, as shown in Figure 15.

The peanuts enter the hopper, the conveying volume of peanuts is adjusted by the controllable hopper adjusting plate, and the peanuts are conveyed quantitatively to the spiral shell breaking device through the feeding conveyor belt;

Adjust the gap between the spiral shell blasting rotor and the grid bar, so that the gap between the spiral shell blasting rotor and the grid bar is controllable, so as to adapt to the peanut shell breaking;

Extruding and breaking the shell through the spiral shell breaking module in the gap between the spiral shell breaking rotor and the grid in the spiral shell breaking device;

After the peanuts are broken, they fall into the horizontal conveyor belt, and the horizontal conveyor belt transports the broken peanut shells and peanut kernels to the bottom of the negative pressure adsorption device, and the peanut shells and peanut kernels are sorted through the negative pressure adsorption device.

The spiral peanut shelling system of this embodiment integrates the functions of peanut feeding, spiral shelling and negative pressure adsorption and sorting, and realizes the purpose of efficient and precise feeding. At the same time, the gap between the spiral shelling rotor and the grid is controllable , Capable of adaptive peanut shell breaking;

This embodiment also uses a negative pressure adsorption device to separate peanut shells and peanut kernels, which avoids the extremely poor fluidity of the peanut kernels and their mixtures after shelling, and the peanuts cannot be separated from the broken shell area in time after the shells are broken, resulting in peanuts Ren's subsequent secondary injury phenomenon occurs.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

A spiral peanut shell breaking system, which is characterized in that it comprises:

Feeding device, which is used to send peanuts to the spiral shell breaking device;

The spiral shell breaking device includes a spiral shell breaking rotor, the spiral shell breaking rotor is provided with a grid bar, the distance between the spiral shell breaking rotor and the grid bar is adjustable, and a spiral shell breaking module is arranged in the spacing, which is used for the spiral shell breaking module To squeeze the peanuts to break the shell.
The spiral peanut shell breaking system according to claim 1, wherein the output end of the spiral shell breaking device is provided with a negative pressure adsorption device, and the negative pressure adsorption device is used to adsorb the peanut shells on the horizontal conveyor belt to separate the peanut kernels. With peanut shells.
The spiral peanut shell breaking system according to claim 2, wherein the negative pressure adsorption device is arranged above the horizontal conveyor belt.
The spiral peanut shell breaking system according to claim 3, characterized in that, shell breaking baffles are provided on both sides of the horizontal conveyor belt to prevent materials from leaking out.
The spiral peanut shell breaking system according to claim 1, wherein the feeding device includes a hopper and a feeding conveyor belt, and a controllable hopper adjusting plate is arranged above the hopper, and the controllable hopper adjusting plate is used to control the inflow of peanuts; The feeding conveyor belt is used to send the peanuts to the spiral shell breaking device.
The spiral peanut shelling system according to claim 5, wherein a flexible baffle is arranged in the hopper to facilitate the transportation of peanuts by the feeding conveyor belt and prevent the peanuts from leaking out;

or

A convex plate is arranged on the feeding conveyor belt, and the convex plate is used to lift the peanuts to the spiral shell breaking device under the action of the movement of the feeding conveyor belt.
The spiral peanut shell breaking system according to claim 1, wherein the spiral shell breaking device comprises a spiral shell breaking rotor, the periphery of which is provided with a grid, and the distance between the spiral shell breaking rotor and the grid is adjustable and within the interval. A spiral shell breaking module is provided, and the spiral shell breaking module is used to squeeze and break peanuts; the output end of the spiral shell breaking device is provided with a horizontal conveyor belt.
The spiral peanut shell breaking system according to claim 7, wherein the gap between the spiral shell breaking rotor and the grid is adjusted by a gap adjusting device;

Or, the difference between the gap between the spiral shell-breaking rotor and the grid bar and the short diameter of the peanut is less than or equal to a preset threshold.
The spiral peanut shell breaking system according to claim 1, wherein the spiral shell breaking module includes a spiral screw auger and a rubber friction plate, and the screw auger is arranged in the gap between the spiral shell broken rotor and the grid, and the rubber friction The plate is fixed on the spiral shell-breaking rotor.
A working method of the spiral peanut shell breaking system according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that it comprises:

Peanuts enter the feeding device and are transported to the spiral shell breaking device;

Adjust the gap between the spiral shell-breaking rotor and the grid to adapt the peanut shell-breaking;

The peanuts are crushed and crushed by the spiral shelling module in the gap between the spiral shelling rotor in the spiral shelling device and the grid bar.