CN212185045U - Peanut shell breaking device with adjustable spiral shell breaking rotor and grid spacing - Google Patents
Peanut shell breaking device with adjustable spiral shell breaking rotor and grid spacing Download PDFInfo
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- CN212185045U CN212185045U CN202020541391.9U CN202020541391U CN212185045U CN 212185045 U CN212185045 U CN 212185045U CN 202020541391 U CN202020541391 U CN 202020541391U CN 212185045 U CN212185045 U CN 212185045U
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Abstract
The utility model belongs to the technical field of peanut processing, and provides a peanut shell breaking device with adjustable spiral shell breaking rotor and grid spacing, which comprises a feeding device, wherein the feeding device comprises a hopper and a feeding conveyer belt, a controllable hopper adjusting plate is arranged above the hopper, and the controllable hopper adjusting plate is used for controlling the peanut entering amount; the feeding conveyer belt is used for conveying the peanuts to the spiral shell breaking device; the spiral shell breaking device comprises a spiral shell breaking rotor, grid bars are arranged on the periphery of the spiral shell breaking rotor, and a spiral shell breaking module is arranged in a gap between the spiral shell breaking rotor and the grid bars and is used for extruding and breaking the shells of the peanuts; the output end of the spiral shell breaking device is provided with a horizontal conveying belt; the negative pressure adsorption device is positioned above the horizontal conveying belt and used for adsorbing peanut shells on the horizontal conveying belt so as to separate peanut kernels from the peanut shells. The peanut shell crushing machine integrates functions of peanut feeding, spiral shell crushing and negative pressure adsorption separation, achieves the purpose of efficient and accurate feeding, and performs spiral feeding, extrusion and shell crushing and separation of peanut shells and peanut kernels on peanuts.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the peanut processing, especially, relate to a spiral broken shell rotor and grid interval adjustable peanut shell breaking device.
Background
The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
Peanut seed resources are precious, the number of peanut production cells is large, the required peanut husking amount is small, different types of peanut seeds cannot be mixed, the requirements on breakage and loss of shelled kernels are more strict, and the requirements on peanut seeds as seeds are difficult to meet by a traditional mechanical husking mode. Peanut shelling is the operation of obtaining peanut kernels from peanut pods by mechanical or non-mechanical means, and is a necessary process for food processing and before peanut import and export. The quality of the peanut shelling effect has a crucial influence on food processing and peanut import and export, and directly influences the income of farmers and the comprehensive utilization benefit of peanut resources.
The inventor finds that the conventional peanut shelling device has poor mechanical universality due to fixed shelling gaps and poor peanut pod uniformity, and simultaneously, shelled peanuts and peanut kernels and a mixture thereof have extremely poor fluidity and cannot be separated from a shelling area in time after the shells are broken, so that the phenomenon of subsequent secondary damage of the peanut kernels is caused.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to solve the problem, the utility model provides a spiral shell breaking rotor and grid interval adjustable peanut shell breaking device, it collects peanut pay-off, spiral shell breaking and negative pressure absorption and selects separately function in an organic whole, has realized the purpose of high-efficient accurate feed, and the interval of spiral shell breaking rotor and grid is adjustable simultaneously with the self-adaptation peanut shell breaking, has avoided the spiral shell breaking device because of the hourglass that falls into the peanut of different specifications and cause crowded.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
a peanut shell breaking device with adjustable space between a spiral shell breaking rotor and grid bars comprises a feeding device, a spiral shell breaking device and a negative pressure adsorption device;
the feeding device comprises a hopper and a feeding conveying belt, a controllable hopper adjusting plate is arranged above the hopper and used for controlling the peanut inlet amount; the feeding conveyer belt is used for conveying the peanuts to the spiral shell breaking device;
the spiral shell breaking device comprises a spiral shell breaking rotor, grid bars are arranged on the periphery of the spiral shell breaking rotor, the distance between the spiral shell breaking rotor and the grid bars is adjustable, spiral shell breaking modules are arranged in the distance, and the spiral shell breaking modules are used for extruding and breaking the shells of the peanuts; the output end of the spiral shell breaking device is provided with a horizontal conveying belt;
the negative pressure adsorption device is positioned above the horizontal conveying belt and used for adsorbing peanut shells on the horizontal conveying belt to separate peanut kernels from the peanut shells.
As an implementation mode, the flexible baffle is arranged in the hopper, so that the peanut conveying belt is convenient to convey peanuts, and meanwhile, the peanuts are prevented from leaking.
As an implementation mode, the feeding conveyer belt is provided with a convex plate, and the convex plate is used for lifting the peanuts to the spiral shell breaking device under the action of the movement of the feeding conveyer belt.
As an embodiment, feeding baffle plates are arranged on two sides of the feeding conveying belt and used for preventing peanuts from rolling off during conveying;
as an embodiment, the horizontal conveying belt is provided with shell breaking baffles at two sides for preventing the materials from leaking.
In one embodiment, the gap between the helical crust breaking rotor and the grid is adjusted by a gap adjusting device.
As an embodiment, the gap adjusting device comprises a nut and a screw rod, the screw rod is arranged between the spiral shell breaking rotor and the grid bars, and the nut is arranged at the tail end of the screw rod.
In one embodiment, the difference between the gap between the spiral shell breaking rotor and the grid and the short diameter of the peanut is less than or equal to a preset threshold value.
As an implementation mode, the spiral shell breaking module comprises a spiral packing auger and a rubber friction plate, the spiral packing auger is arranged in a gap between the spiral shell breaking rotor and the grid bars, and the rubber friction plate is fixed on the spiral shell breaking rotor.
In one embodiment, the rubber friction plate is an arc-shaped rubber friction plate, and the surface of the arc-shaped rubber friction plate is provided with a transverse rubber protrusion.
The utility model has the advantages that:
(1) the spiral shell breaking rotor and the peanut shell breaking device with the adjustable space between the grid bars of the utility model are combined by the feeding conveyor belt and the controllable hopper, so that the conveying capacity of peanuts can be effectively controlled, the conveying rate of the peanuts can be improved, the preparation is orderly carried out for the next shell breaking work, and the purpose of high-efficiency and accurate feeding is achieved;
(2) the utility model discloses a clearance is adjustable between spiral broken shell rotor and the grid, makes the little gradual change interval in big back before the clearance is realized, has avoided the spiral broken shell device because of the hourglass that causes of the peanut that falls into different specifications crowded.
(3) The utility model discloses an utilize spiral broken shell rotor and grid to cooperate, carry out spiral pay-off extrusion broken shell to the peanut, realized the effort of rubbing to the side direction extrusion of peanut, carry out the work of peanut broken shell.
(4) The utility model discloses utilize negative pressure adsorption equipment to carry out the sorting of peanut shell and shelled peanut, the mobility of the shelled peanut benevolence after having avoided the shelling and mixture is extremely poor, can not in time break away from the broken shell region behind the peanut broken shell, leads to the emergence of the follow-up secondary damage phenomenon of peanut kernel.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which form a part of the specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without unduly limiting the scope of the invention.
FIG. 1 is a side view of a peanut shell breaking device with an adjustable spacing between a helical shell breaking rotor and a grid according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2(a) is an exploded view of a feeding device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2(b) is a cross-sectional view of a feeding device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a top view of a controllable hopper according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a side view of a feed conveyor belt in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is an axial view of the spiral shell breaking device according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6(a) is an exploded view of a spiral shell breaking module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6(b) is a cross-sectional view of a spiral shell breaking module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a top view of a circular top cover according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is an exploded view of a helical shelled rotor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9(a) is an axial view of an arc-shaped rubber friction plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9(b) is an exploded view of an arc-shaped rubber friction plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9(c) is a cross-sectional view of an arc-shaped rubber friction plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a front view of a circular fixing plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a front view of a gap adjusting device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12(a) is a top view of a square grid according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12(b) is a top view of the square grid according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13(a) is a graph showing the analysis of the stress of peanut pods under the squeezing and rubbing forces during the shelling process according to the embodiment of the present invention
FIG. 13(b) is a graph showing the analysis of the stress of peanut pods under the impact force during the shelling process according to the embodiment of the present invention
FIG. 14 is a side view of the vacuum suction apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure, a feeding device I, a spiral shell breaking device II and a negative pressure adsorption device III are arranged;
i-01-feeding baffle plate, I-02-controllable hopper regulating plate, I-03-fixed bearing, I-04-flexible baffle plate module, I-0401-flexible baffle plate, I-0402-fixed bolt, I-05-feeding device discharge port, I-06-feeding conveyer belt, I-0601-feeding conveyer belt main body, I-0602-feeding conveyer belt convex plate, I-07-feeding conveyer belt shaft and I-08-belt pulley power part;
II-01-spiral shell breaking module, II-0101-circular top cover, II-010101-circular top cover feeding port, II-010102-circular top cover fixing groove, II-010101-circular top cover main body, II-0102-spiral shell breaking rotor, II-010201-spiral shell breaking rotor fixing nut, II-010202-spiral auger, II-010203-transmission shaft, II-010204-circular fixing plate, II-01020401-arc rubber friction plate fixing hole, II-01020402-transmission shaft fixing hole, II-010205-arc rubber friction plate, II-01020501-arc rubber plate arc steel plate, II-01020502-arc rubber friction plate fixing shaft, II-01020503-convex rubber plate, II-01020504-fixing screw, II-0103-front circular fixing plate, II-0104-rear circular fixing plate, II-0105-spiral module fixing bolt, II-0106-square grid, II-010601-square grid main body, II-010602-square grid fixing groove, II-010603-square grid gap, II-02-gap adjusting device, II-0201-gap adjusting device beam, II-0202-gap adjusting device frame, II-0203-gap adjusting device fixing bearing, II-0204-gap adjusting screw, II-0205-gap adjusting nut, II-03-spiral shell breaking power part, II-04-horizontal conveying belt, II-05-horizontal conveying belt power part, II-06-discharge port, II-07-crust breaking baffle;
III-01-negative pressure adsorption discharge port, III-02-negative pressure adsorption feed port and III-03-negative pressure adsorption fixed frame.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments in accordance with the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
In the present invention, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", "side", "bottom", and the like indicate the position or positional relationship based on the position or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only the terms determined for convenience of describing the structural relationship of each component or element of the present invention, and are not specific to any component or element of the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the present invention, terms such as "fixedly connected", "connected", and the like are to be understood in a broad sense, and may be fixedly connected, or may be integrally connected or detachably connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be determined according to specific situations by persons skilled in the art, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Through search, the Lihong, the ginger, the Liuxiao and the Chenqiang of the university of Tarim, the invention discloses a rubbing force type peanut shelling device (patent number: ZL201920463790.5) comprising a vibration mesh screen, a motor and a fan which are arranged at the lower part of a rack, wherein an air outlet of the fan inclines towards the screen surface of the vibration mesh screen, the motor is positioned below the side surface of the vibration mesh screen, a cylindrical shelling box is horizontally arranged on the top surface of the rack above the vibration mesh screen, a feeding port is arranged on the top surface of the shelling box, a discharging port is axially arranged at the bottom of the shelling box, a driven shaft is coaxially arranged in the shelling box, connecting rods are uniformly distributed and spaced along the radial direction of the driven shaft, round rods are arranged between the outer ends of the connecting rods to form a round rod roller, the round rods are parallel to the driven shaft, the driven shaft is driven by the motor through a V-shaped belt, and a semi-cylindrical grid plate is coaxially arranged in the lower part of the.
The inventor finds that the gap between the rollers of the device is fixed, peanut kernels are easily damaged, the shell breaking efficiency is low, the peanut kernels are easily blocked between the cylindrical rollers, and the peanut kernels are easily damaged by beating the lower breaking rod.
The invention relates to a peanut sheller (patent number ZL201822208306.2) which is invented by Jisu Shengxia agricultural science and technology development limited company, namely Quhongmei and Jiangling, and comprises a shelling box, wherein the top of the shelling box is provided with a feeding hole, a shelling device is arranged inside the shelling box, and the shelling device comprises a shell breaking mechanism and a shelling mechanism; the shell breaking mechanism comprises a plurality of extrusion rollers, and extrusion strips are arranged on the extrusion rollers; the shelling mechanism is arranged below the first vibrating screen and comprises a discharging bin and a shelling roller, the shelling roller is arranged in a discharging port of the discharging bin, and shelling teeth are arranged on the shelling roller; a screening fan and a dust collection box are respectively arranged on two sides of the feed opening; an inclined second vibrating screen is arranged below the feed opening, a material box is arranged at the lower end of the second vibrating screen, and a third vibrating screen is arranged in the material box; a waste box is arranged below the second vibrating screen, and a crushing mechanism is arranged in the waste box; the hulling teeth are utilized to comb the hulled peanuts, so that the peanuts are separated from the shell, and the hulling rate of the peanuts is improved; the large-particle peanuts are screened through the third vibrating screen, and manpower is saved.
However, the inventor finds that due to the fact that the size of the gap between the rollers is determined, the peanut shell breaking effect on peanuts with different sizes is poor, and a peanut pod grading device needs to be matched.
Just as the introduction of background art and through inventor's search discovery, the broken shell effect of current peanut shell breaking device is not ideal, and the ubiquitous peanut benevolence damage rate is high, and the broken shell is efficient, and shelling machinery commonality is relatively poor and the mobility of the peanut benevolence after the shelling and mixture is extremely poor, can not break away from the broken shell region in time after the peanut shell breaking, leads to the follow-up secondary damage phenomenon of peanut kernel to take place the shortcoming, in order to solve above technical problem, the utility model provides a spiral shell breaking rotor and grid interval adjustable peanut shell breaking device.
The utility model provides a peanut shell breaking device with adjustable space between a spiral shell breaking rotor and grid bars, which comprises a feeding device, a spiral shell breaking device and a negative pressure adsorption device, wherein the feeding device, the spiral shell breaking device and the negative pressure adsorption device are fixed on a frame;
the feeding device is arranged in front of the spiral shell breaking device, and the negative pressure adsorption device is positioned behind the spiral shell breaking device.
The feeding device comprises a hopper and a feeding conveying belt, a controllable hopper adjusting plate is arranged above the hopper and used for controlling the peanut inlet amount; the feeding conveyer belt is used for conveying the peanuts to the spiral shell breaking device;
the spiral shell breaking device comprises a spiral shell breaking rotor, grid bars are arranged on the periphery of the spiral shell breaking rotor, the distance between the spiral shell breaking rotor and the grid bars is adjustable, spiral shell breaking modules are arranged in the distance, and the spiral shell breaking modules are used for extruding and breaking the shells of the peanuts; the output end of the spiral shell breaking device is provided with a horizontal conveying belt;
the negative pressure adsorption device is positioned above the horizontal conveying belt and used for adsorbing peanut shells on the horizontal conveying belt to separate peanut kernels from the peanut shells.
The peanut shell breaking device with the adjustable space between the spiral shell breaking rotor and the grid bars disclosed in the embodiment is further described with reference to the attached drawings 1-13;
referring to the attached figure 1, the peanut shell breaking device with the adjustable distance between the spiral shell breaking rotor and the grid bars comprises a feeding device I, a spiral shell breaking device II and a negative pressure adsorption device III, wherein the feeding device I is arranged in front of the spiral shell breaking device II, a feeding baffle plate I-01 in the feeding device I is shown in figure 3, a controllable hopper adjusting plate I-02 is welded on a hopper, and a flexible baffle plate I-0401 is fixed below the hopper through a fixing bolt I-0402 to limit peanuts and prevent the peanuts from leaking. Wherein the flexible baffle plate I-0401 and the fixing bolt I-0402 form a flexible baffle plate module I-04.
As shown in figure 4, a feeding conveyer belt I-06 is obliquely arranged and is driven by a feeding conveyer belt shaft I-07 and a belt pulley power part I-08, the feeding conveyer belt shaft I-07 is fixed on a rack by a fixed bearing I-03, a feeding conveyer belt convex plate I-0602 is fixed on a feeding conveyer belt main body I-0601 so as to drive peanuts to be conveyed upwards, a feeding device discharge port I-05 is welded in front of a feeding baffle plate I-01 and is fixed on the rack, and the peanuts fall into a spiral shell breaking device II through a feeding device discharge port I-05 to be broken into shells, as shown in figure 2(a) and figure 2 (b).
The shell thickness and the shell-kernel spacing L are as follows:
wherein D is pod width;
d is the width of the kernel;
l is the thickness of the shell.
The extrusion spacing can be obtained by measuring the thickness of the peanut shell and analyzing the distance between the shell and the kernel.
Analysis of peanut pod effects by different forms of force:
the stress condition of the peanut pods under the condition of being squeezed and rubbed is as follows:
the gravity G of the peanut pods, the extrusion force F of the extruding and rubbing rod on the peanut pods, the friction force F of the square grid bars and the extruding and rubbing rod on the peanut pods, the supporting force N of the square grid bars on the peanut pods, and the extruding and rubbing force P of the extruding and rubbing rod on the peanuts. The force applied to the pods may also vary due to the different positions of the rubbing bars relative to the peanut pods. The stress condition of the peanut pods under the impact force state is as follows: the gravity G of the peanut pods per se, the hitting force F1 of the shelling beating plate on the peanut pods, the friction force F of the square grid bars and the squeezing and rubbing rods on the peanut pods, the supporting force N of the square grid bars on the peanut pods, the mutual squeezing friction force between the peanuts and the acting force inside the peanut pods are ignored.
As shown in FIGS. 13(a) and 13(b), the stress analysis of the stress state of the peanut pods is described in detail below, and a rectangular coordinate system is established as shown in FIGS. 13(a) and 13 (b).
The direction of the supporting force of the peanut pod on the wall surface is taken as an X axis, the X axis direction of the extruding and rubbing surface is vertical, the included angle formed by the extruding and rubbing rod and the rubbing rod depends on the arrangement angle of the extruding and rubbing rod, the included angle is assumed to be alpha, and the included angle theta is the included angle formed by the extruding and rubbing rod and the vertical direction at the moment when the peanut pod is stressed instantaneously. Under the squeezing and rubbing state, the specific stress condition of the peanut pods is that the gravity G is mg, and the direction is vertical downwards; friction force F ═ μ (F-N) (μ is a friction coefficient), the direction is in the positive Y-axis direction; the pressure F is in the negative direction of the X axis; the supporting force N is in the direction along the X axis. The stress condition of the peanut pods under the impact force is that the gravity G is mg, and the direction is vertical downwards; the friction force f is equal to mu N and the direction is along the positive direction of the Y axis; the supporting force N is in the direction along the X axis; the striking force F1 of the striking plate is directed along the negative Y-axis.
Squeezing and kneading force state: the stress balance equation of peanut pods on the X axis and the Y axis is as follows:
ΣX＝0,F+μ(F-N)sinα+Gcosθ-N＝0
and (4) finishing and solving to obtain:
the impact force state: the stress balance equation of peanut pods on the X axis and the Y axis is as follows:
ΣX＝0,F+μNsinα+Gcosθ-N＝0
ΣY＝0,F1+Gsinθ+μNcosα-ma＝0
wherein a is-arctan μ;
n: the supporting power to which the peanut pods are subjected, N;
g: gravity of peanut pods, N;
f: the squeezing and rubbing force on the peanut pods, N;
F1: impact force on peanut pods, N;
m: the weight of the peanut pods is Kg.
The acceleration value a of the peanut pods can be obtained according to the stress balance equation under the two stress states. From the expression obtained, it can be found that the force F on the pod is exerted on the rubbing rod1When the supporting force of the square grid bars to the pods is kept unchanged, the acceleration a of the peanut pods is only influenced by the included angle theta, which shows that the resultant force of the peanut pods in the shelling process is related to the position of the peanuts when the peanuts break the shells, and the resultant force changes constantly.
The peanut pod shelling device is mainly characterized in that the peanut pod is shelled under the squeezing and kneading action of the squeezing and kneading rod and the square grid bar, and other external forces borne by the pod are relatively small relative to the squeezing force of a shelling and beating plate, so that the pod is the primary acting force for crushing and cracking peanuts. Under the action of beating, peanut pods are mainly peeled by means of beating action force, so that the generated impact force is large, the momentum is large, and the peanut pod shelling device is a main influence factor for damage of peanuts.
Most of the traditional shelling mechanisms require repeated impact and kneading to achieve the expected shelling effect, so that the possibility of peanut kernel damage is increased. In order to solve the problem, the spiral shell breaking module comprises a spiral auger and a rubber friction plate, the spiral auger is arranged in a gap between the spiral shell breaking rotor and the grid bars, and the rubber friction plate is fixed on the spiral shell breaking rotor.
This embodiment spiral shell breaking rotor and grid interval adjustable peanut shell breaking device through the spiral auger in the spiral shell breaking rotor, impels the peanut of less specification forward, guarantees to fall into each peanut in clearance and can both extrude the broken shell processing of rubbing in suitable clearance department, and the peanut shell after the broken shell falls into the horizontal conveyor with the peanut benevolence through square grid clearance on, has improved the broken shell rate of system, has reduced the damage rate to the peanut benevolence.
The rubber friction plate of this embodiment selects arc rubber friction plate for use, and the surface of arc rubber friction plate has horizontal rubber bulge. The arc-shaped rubber friction plate changes the main shell breaking acting force of the peanuts from the beating acting force into the flexible extrusion kneading acting force acting through the action, so that the extrusion efficiency is improved, and the damage rate to peanut kernels is reduced.
It should be noted that in other embodiments, the rubber friction plate may also be a rubber friction plate with other shapes, such as a wavy shape.
As shown in the figures 5, 6(a), 6(b), 7 and 11, after being fed from a feeding device I, peanuts fall into a circular top cover feeding hole II-010101 of a circular top cover II-0101, the circular top cover II-0101 is fixed on a rack through a spiral module fixing bolt II-0105 through a circular top cover fixing groove II-010102, a spiral shell breaking rotor II-0102 penetrates through a front circular fixing plate II-0103 and a rear circular fixing plate II-0104 and is fixed on the rack through a gap adjusting device II-02, a spiral shell breaking power part II-03 drives the spiral shell breaking rotor II-0102 to break shells through a transmission shaft II-010203, the gap adjusting device II-02 comprises a gap adjusting device fixing bearing II-0203 fixed in the middle of a gap adjusting device beam II-0201, the gap adjusting device fixing bearing II-0203 fixes the spiral shell breaking rotor II-0102, the clearance adjusting device comprises a clearance adjusting screw II-0204 fixed on a clearance adjusting device rack II-0202 and a clearance adjusting nut II-0205 fastened on the clearance adjusting screw II-0204, wherein the height of a crossbeam II-0201 of the clearance adjusting device can be adjusted by adjusting the relative position of the 4 clearance adjusting nuts II-0205 and the clearance adjusting screw II-0204, and the stepless change of the peanut hull breaking clearance can be realized and the optimal hull breaking clearance can be adjusted by adjusting the relative height of the 2 front and back crossbeams II-0201 of the spiral hull breaking rotor II-0102.
As shown in figure 8, a spiral auger II-010202 is fixed on a transmission shaft II-010203 to convey peanuts, circular fixing plates II-010204 are fixed on the front side and the rear side of the auger, arc-shaped rubber friction plates II-010205 are fixed in arc-shaped rubber friction plate fixing holes II-01020401 of the circular fixing plates II-010204 through spiral shell breaking rotor fixing nuts II-010201, and the transmission shaft II-010203 penetrates through transmission shaft fixing holes II-01020402.
The arc rubber friction plate is made of the following materials:
in order to reduce rigid collision in the shelling process, the selected shelling beating plate is a rubber and steel plate combined friction plate, the rubber friction plate is fixed on the arc-shaped steel plate through a screw, direct contact between the steel plate and peanut pods is replaced, rubber belongs to a high-molecular organic material, the relative molecular mass is large, the intermolecular attraction is small, and the shelling beating plate has good elasticity, wear resistance and vibration absorption.
Good cushioning effect can be played at flexible rubber friction plate in the shelling process for produced rigidity collision greatly reduced when the shelling, and be fixed with the steel sheet of rubber friction plate and not lose the rigidity again, required rigidity contact when can satisfying the peanut shelling, thereby also reduced the breakage rate of peanut benevolence when satisfying shelling operation requirement, rubber friction plate surface can take place to consume because of the damage simultaneously, the rubber friction plate of burst formula can be replaced, the life of machine has greatly been prolonged.
As shown in the figure 10, the figure 9(a), the figure 9(b) and the figure 9(c), the convex rubber plate II-01020503 is fixed on the arc-shaped rubber plate II-01020501 through a fixing screw II-01020504, so that the rigid peanut shell breaking is ensured, the damage rate of peanut kernels is reduced, the fixing shaft II-01020502 of the arc-shaped rubber friction plate passes through the arc-shaped rubber plate II-01020501 to play a role of fixing and supporting,
grid bars are selected:
at present, grid bars mainly comprise a grid type woven screen, a punching screen and a grid bar concave screen, and the grid bar concave screen is divided into a square rib grid screen and a round rib grid screen.
The grid type woven sieve has larger surface roughness and over-strong action on peanuts due to the staggered weaving of the circumferential ribs, so that the peanut kernels are easily damaged; the size of the grid is difficult to select due to the fact that the size difference of peanut kernels according to the selection of the proper grid size is large; the poor rigidity of the woven screen requires reinforcement around it. The rigidity of the steel plate punch meets the requirement, the steel plate punch does not need to be stable in reinforcing ribs, but the surface of the hole sieve is smooth, so that the acting force provided by the hole sieve is small, and the peanut shelling efficiency is reduced;
the area between holes of the punching screen is large, so that the effective utilization area is low; the size of the punched hole sieve is selected according to the larger size difference of peanut kernels, so that the proper selection is difficult to make as the grid of the woven sieve.
The rigidity and the surface roughness of the grid concave plate sieve are both between the weaving sieve and the punching sieve, the acting force generated on peanuts can meet the operation requirement of shelling, the peanut kernel size according to the determination of the grid sieve gap is the radial size, the difference is small, and the proper gap is easy to select. Therefore, a square grid concave plate screen is selected.
The influence of the clearance between the spiral shell breaking rotor and the square grid bars on the shelling process is obvious, the bigger the shelling clearance is, the bigger the shelling space is, the effective acting force is reduced, and therefore the shelling rate is reduced; the smaller the hulling gap is, the smaller the hulling space is, the higher the effective force is, but the breakage probability of the peanut kernels is increased.
Therefore, design this square grid for having certain draft inclination for stepless transform can be realized in the shelling clearance, and this makes the peanut pod of easily shelling shell smoothly shelling and separate out after getting into the shelling cylinder, for the peanut pod of shelling moves along the axial under helical blade's effect, gets into the less shelling interval in shelling clearance, and the effect such as beating, kneading of the simple peanut pod of rolling is strengthened to this interval shelling, makes it accomplish the shelling and separates from the cylinder. The square grid bars are matched with the spiral shelling roller, so that the dead time of peanut pods in a shelling area can be effectively reduced, the flowing performance of peanut materials is improved, the striking and kneading effects of the spiral shelling roller are reasonably utilized, the damage degree of peanut kernels is reduced while the peanut shelling effect is not influenced, and the damage rate of the peanut kernels is greatly reduced.
The intaglio sieve form, square muscle bar grid sieve and circle muscle bar grid sieve peel machine take off net rate increase earlier afterwards to reduce, and the damage rate increases after reducing earlier, and it is the highest to take off net rate when using square muscle bar grid sieve earlier, and the damage rate is minimum, and in the selection of square muscle bar grid sieve and circle muscle bar grid sieve, the selection that can see different intaglio sieve materials also has an influence to experimental index, and the better and peanut friction effect of square muscle than the circle muscle to the intaglio sieve clearance is more even stable. Therefore, a square rib grid screen is adopted.
As shown in the figures 5, 6(a), 12(a) and 12(b), the square grid II-0106 comprises a square grid main body II-010601, the square grid main body II-010601 is fixed on the rack through a square grid fixing groove II-010602 and a spiral module fixing bolt II-0105, shelled peanuts and peanut shells leak out of a square grid gap II-010603 and fall onto a horizontal conveying belt II-04, a horizontal conveying belt power part II-05 drives the horizontal conveying belt II-04 to rotate, and shell breaking baffles II-07 are positioned on two sides of the horizontal conveying belt II-04 to prevent peanut leakage.
As shown in fig. 5 and 13, the negative pressure adsorption feed port iii-02 is fixed on the negative pressure adsorption fixed frame iii-03 and placed above the horizontal conveyor belt ii-04 to perform negative pressure separation on the peanut shells and the peanut kernels after the shells are broken, the peanut shells enter the collecting region from the negative pressure adsorption discharge port iii-01, and the separated peanut kernels enter the next process from the discharge port ii-06, as shown in fig. 14.
The working principle of the peanut shell breaking device with the spiral shell breaking rotor and the grid bars with the adjustable distance is as follows:
the peanuts enter the hopper, the conveying amount of the peanuts is adjusted through the controllable hopper adjusting plate, and the peanuts are conveyed to the spiral shell breaking device quantitatively through the conveying conveyer belt;
adjusting the gap between the spiral shell breaking rotor and the grid bars to enable the gap between the spiral shell breaking rotor and the grid bars to be controllable so as to self-adapt to peanut shell breaking;
extruding and breaking the shells through a spiral shell breaking module in a gap between a spiral shell breaking rotor and a grid bar in the spiral shell breaking device;
the peanuts fall into a horizontal conveying belt after being broken, the horizontal conveying belt conveys the broken peanut shells and the broken peanut kernels to the position below a negative pressure adsorption device, and the peanut shells and the peanut kernels are separated through the negative pressure adsorption device.
The purpose of high-efficient accurate feed has been realized to this embodiment, and simultaneously, the spiral shell breaking rotor is adjustable with the broken shell of self-adaptation peanut with the interval of bars, has avoided the spiral shell breaking device to leak crowded because of falling into the peanut of different specifications and causing.
The embodiment utilizes the negative pressure adsorption device to separate the peanut shells and the peanut kernels, so that the problems that the mobility of the shelled peanut kernels and the mixture of the shelled peanut kernels is extremely poor, and the shelled peanuts cannot be separated from the shell breaking area in time after the shells are broken, so that the phenomenon of subsequent secondary damage of the peanut kernels is avoided.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A peanut shell breaking device with adjustable space between a spiral shell breaking rotor and grid bars is characterized by comprising a feeding device, a spiral shell breaking device and a negative pressure adsorption device;
the feeding device comprises a hopper and a feeding conveying belt, a controllable hopper adjusting plate is arranged above the hopper and used for controlling the peanut inlet amount; the feeding conveyer belt is used for conveying the peanuts to the spiral shell breaking device;
the spiral shell breaking device comprises a spiral shell breaking rotor, grid bars are arranged on the periphery of the spiral shell breaking rotor, the distance between the spiral shell breaking rotor and the grid bars is adjustable, spiral shell breaking modules are arranged in the distance, and the spiral shell breaking modules are used for extruding and breaking the shells of the peanuts; the output end of the spiral shell breaking device is provided with a horizontal conveying belt;
the negative pressure adsorption device is positioned above the horizontal conveying belt and used for adsorbing peanut shells on the horizontal conveying belt to separate peanut kernels from the peanut shells.
2. The peanut shell breaking device with the adjustable distance between the spiral shell breaking rotor and the grid bars as claimed in claim 1, wherein a flexible baffle is arranged in the hopper, so that the feeding conveyor belt can transport peanuts conveniently, and meanwhile, the peanuts are prevented from leaking.
3. The peanut shell breaking device with the adjustable distance between the spiral shell breaking rotor and the grid bars as claimed in claim 1, wherein the feeding conveyer belt is provided with a convex plate, and the convex plate is used for lifting peanuts to the spiral shell breaking device under the action of the movement of the feeding conveyer belt.
4. The peanut shell breaking device with the adjustable distance between the spiral shell breaking rotor and the grid bars as claimed in claim 1, wherein feeding baffles are arranged on two sides of the feeding conveyer belt and used for preventing peanuts from rolling off during conveying.
5. The peanut shell breaking device with the adjustable distance between the spiral shell breaking rotor and the grid bars as claimed in claim 1, wherein the horizontal conveying belt is provided with shell breaking baffles at two sides for preventing the material from leaking out.
6. The peanut shell breaking device with adjustable spacing between the helical shell breaking rotor and the grate bars of claim 1, wherein the gap between the helical shell breaking rotor and the grate bars is adjusted by a gap adjusting device.
7. The peanut shell breaking device with the adjustable distance between the helical shell breaking rotor and the grid bars as claimed in claim 6, wherein the gap adjusting device comprises a nut and a screw, the screw is arranged between the helical shell breaking rotor and the grid bars, and the nut is arranged at the tail end of the screw.
8. The peanut shell breaking device with the adjustable distance between the spiral shell breaking rotor and the grid bars as claimed in claim 1 or 6, wherein the difference between the gap between the spiral shell breaking rotor and the grid bars and the short diameter of the peanuts is less than or equal to a preset threshold value.
9. The peanut shell breaking device with the adjustable distance between the spiral shell breaking rotor and the grid bars as claimed in claim 1, wherein the spiral shell breaking module comprises a spiral auger and a rubber friction plate, the spiral auger is arranged in a gap between the spiral shell breaking rotor and the grid bars, and the rubber friction plate is fixed on the spiral shell breaking rotor.
10. The peanut shell breaking device with the adjustable distance between the spiral shell breaking rotor and the grid bars as claimed in claim 9, wherein the rubber friction plate is an arc-shaped rubber friction plate, and the surface of the arc-shaped rubber friction plate is provided with transverse rubber bulges.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020541391.9U CN212185045U (en) | 2020-04-13 | 2020-04-13 | Peanut shell breaking device with adjustable spiral shell breaking rotor and grid spacing |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020541391.9U CN212185045U (en) | 2020-04-13 | 2020-04-13 | Peanut shell breaking device with adjustable spiral shell breaking rotor and grid spacing |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN212185045U true CN212185045U (en) | 2020-12-22 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020541391.9U Expired - Fee Related CN212185045U (en) | 2020-04-13 | 2020-04-13 | Peanut shell breaking device with adjustable spiral shell breaking rotor and grid spacing |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN212185045U (en) |
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2020
- 2020-04-13 CN CN202020541391.9U patent/CN212185045U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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