CN104432419B - Multistage shelling and screening system for eucommia ulmoides samara - Google Patents
Multistage shelling and screening system for eucommia ulmoides samara Download PDFInfo
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- CN104432419B CN104432419B CN201410664280.6A CN201410664280A CN104432419B CN 104432419 B CN104432419 B CN 104432419B CN 201410664280 A CN201410664280 A CN 201410664280A CN 104432419 B CN104432419 B CN 104432419B
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Abstract
A multi-stage shelling and screening system for eucommia ulmoides samara comprises a feeding mechanism, a shelling mechanism, a screening mechanism and a dust removing mechanism, wherein a discharging part of the shelling mechanism is connected with a feeding part of the screening mechanism in a supporting mode, the shelling mechanism comprises a first motor, a second motor, a first-stage shelling cylinder and a second-stage shelling cylinder which are sequentially connected in a supporting mode, a first rotating shaft connected with the first motor and spiral blades vertically coiled on the first rotating shaft are vertically arranged in the first-stage shelling cylinder, and a boss is arranged on the wall surface of the outer edge of each spiral blade; the second rotating shaft is arranged in the second-stage peeling barrel and perpendicular to the first rotating shaft, and the toothed rotating wheel is sleeved on the second rotating shaft and is in transmission connection with the second motor, teeth are arranged on the inner wall of the second-stage peeling barrel, and a discharge hole is formed in the bottom of the second-stage peeling barrel. The invention realizes two-stage shelling and two-stage screening of the eucommia samara, realizes separation of complete eucommia seeds and damaged seeds, and can reduce the damage rate of the seeds; the husking and screening are integrated, and the space is saved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical shelling, in particular to a multi-stage shelling and screening system for eucommia ulmoides samara.
Background
Eucommia bark is a rare medicinal material distributed in the western region to the middle region of China and is also an important collagen plant with the widest application range in the world. The seed eucommia samara shelling is a key link in harvesting work and determines the damage degree of the seed eucommia ulmoides. The traditional husking technology adopts a manual hammering mode to separate the wing shells from the eucommia seeds, so that time and labor are wasted, and the breakage rate of the obtained eucommia seeds is higher. Meanwhile, for the unsaturated eucommia key fruit, the complete shelling of the unsaturated eucommia key fruit is difficult to realize by hammering, and the shelling rate is not high. Particularly for eucommia ulmoides pterides, the closely-distributed rubber threads on the pterygoid husks have high toughness, the work of stripping the eucommia ulmoides seeds is difficult, and how to realize efficient and complete stripping of the eucommia ulmoides seeds is a key technology for developing and utilizing eucommia ulmoides pterides resources. After husking, the damage of the seeds can affect the short-term and long-term storage of the eucommia seeds as the seeds, the damaged seeds have low germination rate, are easy to grow mould, grow worms and be broken, and the market value and the export value of the seeds are reduced, so that the complete eucommia seeds and the damaged seeds need to be separated to meet different use requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multi-stage shelling and screening system for eucommia samara, which integrates the shelling of the eucommia samara and the screening of grains, reduces the breakage rate of the grains, and separates the complete grains from the broken grains by screening.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for realizing the purpose is as follows: a multi-stage shelling and screening system for eucommia ulmoides samara comprises a feeding mechanism, a shelling mechanism, a screening mechanism for screening and separating materials output by the shelling mechanism and a dust removing mechanism for collecting dust in the shelling mechanism and the screening mechanism, wherein a discharging part of the shelling mechanism is connected with a feeding part of the screening mechanism in a supporting mode, the shelling mechanism comprises a first motor, a second motor, a first-stage shelling cylinder and a second-stage shelling cylinder which are connected in a supporting mode in sequence, a first rotating shaft connected with the first motor and spiral blades vertically coiled on the first rotating shaft are vertically arranged in the first-stage shelling cylinder, and bosses are arranged on the wall surface of the outer edge of each spiral blade; the two-stage husking barrel is internally provided with a second rotating shaft perpendicular to the first rotating shaft and a toothed rotating wheel sleeved on the second rotating shaft, the second rotating shaft is in transmission connection with a second motor, teeth which can be matched with the toothed rotating wheel for friction husking are arranged on the inner wall of the two-stage husking barrel, and the bottom of the two-stage husking barrel is provided with a discharge hole for outputting eucommia seeds.
Screening mechanism include the vibration exciter, accept the casing that sets up and arrange one-level sieve and second grade sieve in the casing in with the ejection of compact part of second grade shell section of thick bamboo, the crisscross below of arranging one-level sieve in of second grade sieve, and second grade sieve and vibration exciter fixed connection, the casing on be equipped with and accept the play hopper that sets up with second grade sieve discharge end.
Wherein, there are two kinds of modes of setting for one-level sieve and second grade sieve in the screening mechanism. One is as follows: the screening mechanism further comprises a third motor connected with the first-stage screen plate, the first-stage screen plate is obliquely connected to the inner wall of the shell through a spring, a plurality of primary screening areas are arranged on the first-stage screen plate, each primary screening area is provided with a screen hole with the aperture sequentially increased from the initial aperture of the feeding position, and the apertures of the screen holes in the same screening area are the same; the secondary sieve plate is fixedly connected with the vibration exciter, secondary sieve partitions which are sequentially arranged corresponding to the primary sieve partitions are arranged on the secondary sieve plate, and dust removing holes with the same aperture are formed in the secondary sieve partitions; the discharge hoppers are multiple and are sequentially used for receiving output materials of the secondary screening areas. Furthermore, vertical plates are arranged on two opposite side edges of the first-stage sieve plate, a third rotating shaft is connected between the two vertical plates, and an eccentric wheel in transmission connection with a third motor through a belt is fixed on the third rotating shaft.
The second step is as follows: the screening mechanism also comprises a third motor and a stirring shaft directly connected with a driving shaft of the third motor, the first-stage sieve plate is horizontally arranged on the inner wall of the shell, the stirring shaft is vertically arranged above the first-stage sieve plate, and the tail end of the stirring shaft is provided with a push plate for pushing materials on the first-stage sieve plate to move; the first-stage sieve plate is provided with sieve pores with the same aperture, and the second-stage sieve plate is provided with dust removing pores with the same aperture. Furthermore, the push plate is vertically connected with the stirring shaft, and two ends of the push plate are provided with scraping plates for scraping materials on the first-stage sieve plate.
The dust removal mechanism comprises a dust removal pipeline and a dust removal bag connected to the lower end of the dust removal pipeline, the upper end of the dust removal pipeline is respectively communicated with the primary peeling barrel, the oversize space of the primary sieve plate and the undersize space of the secondary sieve plate, and dust generated in the system is collected by the dust removal bag, so that the quality of a working environment is improved.
The feeding mechanism comprises a material pool, a centrifugal fan and a material conveying pipe communicated with the material pool and the centrifugal fan, wherein the upper end of a dust removing pipeline is also communicated with the upper end of the centrifugal fan, the lower part of the centrifugal fan is communicated with the upper part of a first-stage peeling cylinder, the lower part of the first-stage peeling cylinder is communicated with the upper part of a second-stage peeling cylinder, and one end of the material pool is provided with a movable door.
Furthermore, a first motor is arranged on the first-stage peeling barrel, and a driving shaft of the first motor is in transmission connection with the first rotating shaft; the second motor is arranged on the second-stage peeling barrel and is connected with the second rotating shaft through a belt wheel.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. the first rotating shaft is arranged in the first-stage peeling barrel, the rotating speed of the first rotating shaft is controlled by a first motor, the spiral blade is driven to rotate at a high speed, and the spiral blade rotating at the high speed can enable the eucommia samara to be peeled by means of friction between a rack on the surface of the spiral blade and the inner wall of the first-stage peeling barrel; the revolution force of the helical blades enables the eucommia samara to be lifted while shelling, the samara is in a continuous vortex-shaped motion state, wherein light-weight dust is collected by a dust removal bag through a dust removal pipeline, and heavy impurities, the samara or eucommia seeds flow into a secondary shelling cylinder.
2. In the secondary peeling barrel, the toothed rotating wheel rubs with teeth on the inner wall of the secondary peeling barrel to peel the winged fruit, meanwhile, the winged fruit can move along the tangential direction of the toothed rotating wheel to enable part of the winged fruit to be lifted, and the eucommia seeds are discharged and flow into the shell of the screening mechanism. The invention realizes two-stage shelling of the eucommia samara and avoids the problem of incomplete shelling in the prior art; and the wing fruit is hulled by the friction between the moving part and the fixed part, so that the damage rate of the eucommia seeds is reduced.
3. Be equipped with alternately arranged's one-level sieve and second grade sieve in screening mechanism, the one-level sieve passes through spring coupling in the casing, the motor passes through the eccentric wheel and drives one-level sieve shale shaker material, because the sieve mesh aperture of each primary screen district is different, complete seed grain and damaged seed grain fall to the secondary screen district that corresponds through the different sieve meshes in aperture respectively, the vibration exciter drives the vibration of second grade sieve, seed grain in each secondary screen district flows into the play hopper that corresponds, the device has realized the separation of complete eucommia seed and damaged seed grain, do benefit to the seed in later stage and collect or utilize processes such as damaged eucommia seed extracts oil.
4. Be equipped with cross arrangement's one-level sieve and second grade sieve in the screening mechanism, the one-level sieve is fixed at shells inner wall, and the third motor drives the (mixing) shaft and rotates, and the push pedal makes the epaxial material of sieve of one-level sieve do continuous circular motion, by screening, and the undersize material continues to be sieved on getting into the second grade sieve, and during the screening, the push pedal is to the gentle driving force of epaxial material of sieve, avoids the damage of eucommia ulmoides seed grain. The screening mechanism has low running noise and small shell vibration amplitude, and the service life of the equipment is prolonged.
5. Shelling mechanism and screening mechanism all communicate with dust removal mechanism, and the dust that produces is collected by screening mechanism in the system, avoids causing the problem of operational environment degradation because of the dust is excessive. The system realizes integration of husking and screening, has a compact structure and saves working space.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall schematic view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of example 1;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of the primary screening deck and the secondary screening deck of the right side view of fig. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of example 2;
FIG. 5 is a top view of the primary screen deck of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a secondary peeling cartridge of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1. the device comprises a dust removing mechanism, 2, a shelling mechanism, 3, a screening mechanism, 4, a first motor, 5, a second motor, 6, a first-stage shelling cylinder, 60, a first rotating shaft, 61, a helical blade, 7, a second-stage shelling cylinder, 70, a second rotating shaft, 71, a toothed rotating wheel, 72, teeth, 73, a rack, 74, a discharge hole, 8, a belt wheel, 9, a third motor, 10, a feeding mechanism, 11, a first-stage sieve plate, 110, a first-stage sieve partition, 111, a sieve hole, 112, a spring, 113, a vertical plate, 114, a third rotating shaft, 115, an eccentric wheel, 12, a second-stage sieve plate, 120, a second-stage sieve partition, 121, a dust removing hole, 13, a discharge hopper, 14, a dust removing pipeline, 15, a dust removing bag, 16, a vibration exciter, 17, a material pool, 18, a centrifugal fan, 19, a material conveying pipe, 20, a stirring shaft, 21, a push plate.
Detailed Description
A multi-stage shelling and screening system for eucommia ulmoides samara comprises a feeding mechanism 10, a shelling mechanism 2, a screening mechanism 3 for screening and separating materials output by the shelling mechanism 2, and a dust removal mechanism 1 for collecting dust in the shelling mechanism 2 and the screening mechanism 3, as shown in figure 1. Wherein, the discharging part of the hulling mechanism 2 is connected with the feeding part of the screening mechanism 3.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 4, the hulling mechanism 2 of the present invention includes a first motor 4, a second motor 5, and a first-stage hulling cylinder 6 and a second-stage hulling cylinder 7 connected in series, wherein the first-stage hulling cylinder 6 is a vertical cylinder, the second-stage hulling cylinder 7 is a horizontal cylinder, and central axes of the first-stage hulling cylinder and the second-stage hulling cylinder are perpendicular to each other. A first rotating shaft 60 connected with the first motor 4 and a spiral blade 61 vertically coiled on the first rotating shaft 60 are vertically arranged in the first-stage peeling cylinder 6, and a boss is arranged on the wall surface of the outer edge of the spiral blade 61; the second rotating shaft 70 perpendicular to the first rotating shaft 60 and the toothed rotating wheel 71 sleeved on the second rotating shaft 70 are arranged in the second-stage peeling barrel 7, as shown in fig. 3, teeth 72 capable of being matched with racks 73 on the outer circumferential surface of the toothed rotating wheel 71 to perform friction peeling are arranged on the inner wall of the second-stage peeling barrel 7, and a discharge hole 74 for outputting eucommia seeds is arranged at the bottom of the second-stage peeling barrel 7. Wherein, the first motor 4 is arranged on the first-stage peeling barrel 6, and the driving shaft of the first motor 4 is in transmission connection with the first rotating shaft 60; the second motor 5 is arranged on the second-stage peeling cylinder 7, and the second motor 5 is connected with the second rotating shaft 70 through a belt wheel.
The screening mechanism 3 comprises a vibration exciter 16, a shell connected with a discharging part of a secondary peeling cylinder 7 in a bearing manner, and a primary sieve plate 11 and a secondary sieve plate 12 which are arranged in the shell in a crossed manner, wherein the secondary sieve plates 12 are arranged below the primary sieve plate 11 in a staggered manner, the secondary sieve plates 12 are fixedly connected with the vibration exciter 16, and a discharging hopper 13 connected with a discharging end of the secondary sieve plates 12 in a bearing manner is arranged on the shell;
the dust removal mechanism 1 comprises a dust removal pipeline 14 and a dust removal bag 15 connected to the lower end part of the dust removal pipeline 14, wherein the upper end part of the dust removal pipeline 14 is respectively communicated with a primary peeling cylinder 6, an oversize space of a primary sieve plate 11 and an undersize space of a secondary sieve plate 12;
the feeding mechanism 10 comprises a material pool 17, a centrifugal fan 18 and a material conveying pipe 19 for communicating the material pool 17 with the centrifugal fan 18, the upper end of a dust removing pipeline 14 is also communicated with the upper end of the centrifugal fan 18, the lower part of the centrifugal fan 18 is communicated with the upper part of a primary peeling cylinder 6, the lower part of the primary peeling cylinder 6 is communicated with the upper part of a secondary peeling cylinder 7, one end of the material pool 17 is provided with a movable door, eucommia samara is sucked into the material conveying pipe 19 by the centrifugal fan 18 and then conveyed into the primary peeling cylinder 6, impurities with heavy mass are continuously remained in the material pool 17, and after a certain time, the impurities stored in the material pool 17 can be discharged by moving the movable door.
The screening mechanism 3 of the present invention has two embodiments: example 1
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the screening mechanism 3 further includes a third motor 9 connected to the first-stage screening plate 11, the first-stage screening plate 11 is obliquely connected to the inner wall of the housing through a spring 112, vertical plates 113 are disposed on two opposite sides of the first-stage screening plate 11, a third rotating shaft 114 is connected between the two vertical plates 113, and an eccentric wheel 115 connected to the third motor 9 through a belt is fixed to the third rotating shaft 114. A plurality of primary screening areas 110 are arranged on the primary screening plate 11, each primary screening area 110 is provided with a screening hole 111 with the diameter gradually increased from the initial aperture of the feeding position, and the apertures of the screening holes in the same screening area are the same; the secondary sieve plate 12 is fixedly connected with the vibration exciter 16, secondary sieve partitions 120 which are sequentially arranged corresponding to the primary sieve partitions 110 are arranged on the secondary sieve plate 12, and dust removing holes 121 with the same aperture are formed in the secondary sieve partitions 120; the plurality of discharge hoppers 13 are used for receiving the output materials of the secondary screening areas 120 in sequence.
Example 2
The screening mechanism 3 shown in fig. 4 and 5 further comprises a third motor 9 and a stirring shaft 20 directly connected with a driving shaft of the third motor 9, the first-stage sieve plate 11 is horizontally arranged on the inner wall of the shell, the stirring shaft 20 is vertically arranged above the first-stage sieve plate 11, the tail end of the stirring shaft 20 is provided with a push plate 21 and a push plate 21, the push plate 21 is used for pushing the first-stage sieve plate 11 to move on the sieve, the push plate 21 is vertically connected with the stirring shaft 20, and two ends of the push plate 21 are provided with scrapers 22 used for scraping back materials on the first-stage sieve plate 11. The first-stage sieve plate 11 is provided with sieve holes 111 with the same aperture, and the second-stage sieve plate 12 is provided with dust removing holes 121 with the same aperture.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a multistage shelling screening system of eucommia ulmoides pterides fruit, includes pan feeding mechanism (10), shelling mechanism (2), is arranged in screening mechanism (3) that carry out screening separation to shelling mechanism (2) output material and is arranged in collecting dedusting mechanism (1) of dust among shelling mechanism (2) and screening mechanism (3), and the setting is accepted with the pan feeding part of screening mechanism (3) to the ejection of compact part of shelling mechanism (2), its characterized in that: the shelling mechanism (2) comprises a first motor (4), a second motor (5), a first-stage shelling cylinder (6) and a second-stage shelling cylinder (7) which are sequentially communicated, a first rotating shaft (60) connected with the first motor (4) and a spiral blade (61) vertically coiled on the first rotating shaft (60) are vertically arranged in the first-stage shelling cylinder (6), and a boss is arranged on the wall surface of the outer edge of the spiral blade (61); a second rotating shaft (70) which is perpendicular to the first rotating shaft (60) and a toothed rotating wheel (71) which is sleeved on the second rotating shaft (70) are arranged in the secondary peeling barrel (7), the second rotating shaft (70) is in transmission connection with the second motor (5), teeth (72) which can be matched with the toothed rotating wheel (71) for friction peeling are arranged on the inner wall of the secondary peeling barrel (7), and a discharge hole (74) for outputting eucommia seeds is formed in the bottom of the secondary peeling barrel (7); the screening mechanism (3) comprises a vibration exciter (16), a shell connected with a discharging part of the second-stage peeling cylinder (7) in a bearing mode, a first-stage sieve plate (11) and a second-stage sieve plate (12) arranged in the shell, wherein the second-stage sieve plate (12) is arranged below the first-stage sieve plate (11) in a staggered mode, the second-stage sieve plate (12) is fixedly connected with the vibration exciter (16), and a discharging hopper (13) connected with a discharging end of the second-stage sieve plate (12) in a bearing mode is arranged on the shell; the dust removal mechanism (1) comprises a dust removal pipeline (14) and a dust removal bag (15) connected to the lower end part of the dust removal pipeline (14), and the upper end part of the dust removal pipeline (14) is respectively communicated with the primary peeling barrel (6), the oversize space of the primary sieve plate (11) and the undersize space of the secondary sieve plate (12); the first motor (4) is arranged on the first-stage peeling barrel (6), and a driving shaft of the first motor (4) is in transmission connection with the first rotating shaft (60); the second motor (5) is arranged on the second-stage peeling barrel (7), and the second motor (5) is connected with the second rotating shaft (70) through a belt wheel.
2. The multi-stage shelling and screening system for eucommia ulmoides pterides as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the screening mechanism (3) further comprises a third motor (9) connected with the first-stage screen plate (11), the first-stage screen plate (11) is obliquely connected to the inner wall of the shell through a spring (112), a plurality of primary screening areas (110) are arranged on the first-stage screen plate (11), each primary screening area (110) is provided with a screen hole (111) with the initial aperture sequentially reduced from the feeding position, and the apertures of the screen holes in the same screening area are the same; the secondary sieve plate (12) is fixedly connected with the vibration exciter (16), secondary sieve areas (120) which are sequentially arranged corresponding to the primary sieve areas (110) are arranged on the secondary sieve plate (12), and dust removing holes (121) with the same aperture are formed in the secondary sieve areas (120); the discharge hoppers (13) are multiple and are sequentially used for receiving output materials of the secondary screening areas (120).
3. The multi-stage shelling and screening system for eucommia ulmoides pterides as claimed in claim 2, wherein: vertical plates (113) are arranged on two opposite sides of the first-stage sieve plate (11), a third rotating shaft (114) is connected between the two vertical plates (113), and an eccentric wheel (115) in transmission connection with a third motor (9) through a belt is fixed on the third rotating shaft (114).
4. The multi-stage shelling and screening system for eucommia ulmoides pterides as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the screening mechanism (3) further comprises a third motor (9) and a stirring shaft (20) which is directly connected with a driving shaft of the third motor (9), the first-stage sieve plate (11) is horizontally arranged on the inner wall of the shell, the stirring shaft (20) is vertically arranged above the first-stage sieve plate (11), and the tail end of the stirring shaft (20) is provided with a push plate (21) which is used for pushing materials on the first-stage sieve plate (11) to move; the first-stage sieve plate (11) is internally provided with sieve pores (111) with the same pore diameter, and the second-stage sieve plate (12) is internally provided with dust removing pores (121) with the same pore diameter.
5. The multi-stage shelling and screening system for eucommia ulmoides pterides as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the push plate (21) is vertically connected with the stirring shaft (20), and two ends of the push plate (21) are provided with scrapers (22) for scraping materials on the first-stage sieve plate (11).
6. The multi-stage shelling and screening system for eucommia ulmoides pterides as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the feeding mechanism (10) comprises a material pool (17), a centrifugal fan (18) and a material conveying pipe (19) communicated with the material pool (17) and the centrifugal fan (18), the upper end of a dust removing pipeline (14) is communicated with the upper end of the centrifugal fan (18), the lower portion of the centrifugal fan (18) is communicated with the upper portion of a first-stage peeling barrel (6), the lower portion of the first-stage peeling barrel (6) is communicated with the upper portion of a second-stage peeling barrel (7), and a movable door is arranged at one end of the material pool (17).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410664280.6A CN104432419B (en) | 2014-11-20 | 2014-11-20 | Multistage shelling and screening system for eucommia ulmoides samara |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410664280.6A CN104432419B (en) | 2014-11-20 | 2014-11-20 | Multistage shelling and screening system for eucommia ulmoides samara |
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| CN104432419B true CN104432419B (en) | 2021-03-16 |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106508177A (en) * | 2016-11-23 | 2017-03-22 | 榕江平阳生态源开发有限责任公司 | Cyclocarya paliurus seed fruiting wing removal device |
| CN108991539A (en) * | 2018-07-12 | 2018-12-14 | 钱晓斌 | A kind of cleaning type hulling machine |
| CN114950963B (en) * | 2022-06-01 | 2023-05-02 | 海南大学 | Integrated rubber fruit shell breaking separator |
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| CN204292137U (en) * | 2014-11-20 | 2015-04-29 | 河南恒瑞源实业有限公司 | A kind of multistage shelling screening system of Eucommia |
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2014
- 2014-11-20 CN CN201410664280.6A patent/CN104432419B/en active Active
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| KR100229733B1 (en) * | 1997-07-04 | 1999-11-15 | 김길환 | Chestnut-peeling machine |
| FR2861551A3 (en) * | 2003-10-31 | 2005-05-06 | Pietro Biondi | Machine shelling dried chestnuts, includes textured roller part-surrounded by series of spring-loaded shelling components resembling piano keys |
| CN2741377Y (en) * | 2004-02-20 | 2005-11-23 | 张洪雷 | Novel automatic peeler for peanut |
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