WO2021194360A1 - Procédé d'extraction pour fractions bioactives - Google Patents

Procédé d'extraction pour fractions bioactives Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021194360A1
WO2021194360A1 PCT/NZ2021/050052 NZ2021050052W WO2021194360A1 WO 2021194360 A1 WO2021194360 A1 WO 2021194360A1 NZ 2021050052 W NZ2021050052 W NZ 2021050052W WO 2021194360 A1 WO2021194360 A1 WO 2021194360A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
oil
bioactive
krill
tissue
fractions
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/NZ2021/050052
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Craig Lachlan Mcintosh
Gary Neil Monk
Rau Makeri Pohatu
Original Assignee
Pharmazen Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from AU2020903882A external-priority patent/AU2020903882A0/en
Application filed by Pharmazen Limited filed Critical Pharmazen Limited
Publication of WO2021194360A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021194360A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23D—EDIBLE OILS OR FATS, e.g. MARGARINES, SHORTENINGS, COOKING OILS
    • A23D9/00—Other edible oils or fats, e.g. shortenings, cooking oils
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
    • C11B1/02—Pretreatment
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23D—EDIBLE OILS OR FATS, e.g. MARGARINES, SHORTENINGS, COOKING OILS
    • A23D9/00—Other edible oils or fats, e.g. shortenings, cooking oils
    • A23D9/02—Other edible oils or fats, e.g. shortenings, cooking oils characterised by the production or working-up
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
    • A23L33/115—Fatty acids or derivatives thereof; Fats or oils
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K35/00—Medicinal preparations containing materials or reaction products thereof with undetermined constitution
    • A61K35/56—Materials from animals other than mammals
    • A61K35/612—Crustaceans, e.g. crabs, lobsters, shrimps, krill or crayfish; Barnacles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K35/00—Medicinal preparations containing materials or reaction products thereof with undetermined constitution
    • A61K35/56—Materials from animals other than mammals
    • A61K35/618—Molluscs, e.g. fresh-water molluscs, oysters, clams, squids, octopus, cuttlefish, snails or slugs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
    • C11B1/10—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials by extracting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
    • C11B1/10—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials by extracting
    • C11B1/108—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials by extracting after-treatment, e.g. of miscellae
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K2300/00—Mixtures or combinations of active ingredients, wherein at least one active ingredient is fully defined in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an extraction method for extracting bio-active fractions.
  • the invention relates to an efficient method for extracting and blending at least two separate oil based bioactive fractions obtained from separate sources.
  • bioactive fractions in a form which enables them to be usefully combined with other bioactive fractions obtained from one or more different sources; to help formulate new products and deliver more health benefits.
  • GSM greenshell mussel
  • GSM oil and Krill oil are extremely hard to effectively homogenously blend together given the respective viscosities involved.
  • current commercially available GSM oil and Krill oil blends are not that homogenous. This is problematic when looking to encapsulate a blend of GSM and Krill oils in gel capsules - as it is difficult to know with certainty what percentage of Krill oil or GSM oil is present in any given capsule.
  • bioactive fraction refers to a final form of an extract which has been isolated and purified from source plant or animal tissue.
  • the bioactive fraction includes at least one biologically active substance therein, in a concentrated form compared to the source plant or animal tissue.
  • extract refers to both the act of removing unwanted material from the tissue as well the resultant product after removal of said unwanted tissue or other matter which may include materials used in the extraction process.
  • An extract may be in an initial or final form.
  • a final form of an extract being a more purified or otherwise more refined form of the initial extract.
  • 'at least 96% ethanol refers to ethanol having minimum 96% v/v of C2H5OH at 20°C.
  • Anhydrous ethanol’ and Pure ethanol’ and ‘Absolute ethanol’ and ‘Dehydrated ethanol’ as used herein refer to ethanol having minimum 99% v/v C2H5OH at 20°C.
  • semi-concentrated form refers to an oil based bioactive fraction which is not fully evaporated and still retains more water/solvent therein than the final concentrated form.
  • the semi-concentrated form of the bioactive fraction has a loss on drying (LoD) endpoint of 5% for Krill and 10% for GSM.
  • parallel extracted blend refers to a blend of two or more bioactive fractions wherein each fraction to be blended has undergone substantially the same key extraction process steps to arrive at the respective bioactive fractions that are to be blended.
  • an extraction method for obtaining oil based bioactive fractions, from plant tissue and/or animal tissue including the steps of: a) subjecting the substrate to a dehydration or drying step, to produce a dehydrated or dried sample having less than 5% water content; b) subjecting the dehydrated substrate to a 96% - 100% ethanol extraction step to produce an extract from the sample; c) collecting the extract from step b); d) repeating steps b) and c); e) combining all the extracts obtained from steps b) and c) following step d) and subjecting the extracts to a primary evaporation step to obtain the oil based bioactive fraction in a semi-concentrated form.
  • step d) may be repeated two, three or four times.
  • step d) may be repeated until the refractometer reading of the extraction is no more than 21-22%.
  • a method for creating a homogenous blend of at least two bioactive fractions wherein each bioactive fraction is obtained via the method substantially as described above including the further step of: f) blending the two bioactive fractions together whilst subjecting to a secondary evaporation step.
  • one bioactive fraction is GSM oil and the other bio-active fraction is Krill oil.
  • a method for creating blend of at least two bioactive fractions sourced from plant and/or animal tissue wherein:
  • bio-active fraction is obtained by the extraction method of the first aspect of the present invention, or a blend of two bioactive fractions as per the second aspect of the present invention, (herein individually or collectively referred to as the First Bioactive Fraction(s) (FBF)); and wherein
  • bioactive fraction alternative bioactive fraction(s) (ABF)
  • ABSF alternative bioactive fraction
  • the method comprising the steps of: a) dissolving the ABF in ethanol; b) blending together - the ABF with the FBF obtained from a method substantially as described above in relation to the first to third aspects - whilst performing a further evaporation step.
  • a sixth aspect of the present invention there is provided a method substantially as described above wherein the ABF is obtained from blackcurrant tissue.
  • a seventh aspect of the present invention there is provided a method substantially as described above wherein the FBF is a blend of GSM oil and Krill oil.
  • the ratio of GSM oil to Krill oil in the blend may vary as may be desired. Some preferred but non-limiting examples are given below.
  • the blend may contain a ratio of 1% GSM oil to 99% Krill oil.
  • the blend may further contain a ratio of 5% GSM oil to 95% Krill oil;
  • the blend may further contain a ratio of 90% GSM oil to 10% Krill oil; or vice versa.
  • the blend may further contain a ratio of 80% GSM oil to 20% Krill oil; or vice versa.
  • the blend may further contain a ratio of 70% GSM oil to 30% Krill oil; or vice versa.
  • the blend may further contain a ratio of 60% GSM oil to 40% Krill oil; or vice versa.
  • the blend may further contain a ratio of 50% GSM oil to 50% Krill oil; or vice versa.
  • a ninth aspect of the present invention there is provided a method substantially as described above wherein the FBF is Krill oil.
  • a method of obtaining a Krill oil bioactive fraction wherein the method comprises the step of freeze drying the Krill tissue to have less than 5% water content.
  • a method of obtaining a Krill oil bioactive fraction wherein the method comprises the step of additional mincing and freeze drying the Krill tissue to have less than 3% water content.
  • a method of obtaining a Krill oil bioactive fraction substantially as described above wherein the freeze dried Krill tissue is then subjected to a 96% - 100% ethanol extraction step to produce an extract from the sample.
  • a method of obtaining a Krill oil bioactive fraction substantially as described above wherein the freeze dried Krill tissue is then subjected to a 99.9% ethanol extraction step to produce an extract from the sample.
  • a 16 th aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of producing a blend of at least two bioactive oil fractions obtained from plant or animal tissue wherein the method comprises the step of:
  • Figure 1 shows a flow chart detailing the key extraction process steps of the present invention according to one preferred embodiment.
  • Figure 2 shows a flow chart detailing the key extraction process steps for GSM and Krill to achieve a parallel extracted blend.
  • Figure 3 shows a line graph of the correlation between the refractometer readings and Krill oil content of the extracted samples.
  • Figure 1 shows the key extraction process steps of the present invention that are performed to obtain the oil based bioactive fractions. If two or more plant or animal tissues are being separately extracted to obtain bioactive oil fractions using the same key extraction steps outlined in Figure 1 the respective tissues are being extracted in parallel.
  • Figure 2 shows the key extraction steps being performed in parallel for obtaining a blend of GSM oil and Krill oil.
  • the mincing of the raw material is an optional step in relation to Figure 1 as certain plant and animal tissue raw materials may not need mincing or other pre-preparation prior to being freeze dried.
  • the freeze drying step importantly brings the water content down to less than 5%, and preferably less than 3%.
  • the ethanol extraction step importantly uses 96 -100% ethanol, preferably 99.9% ethanol.
  • the primary evaporation step importantly removes the ethanol and any remaining water to between substantially 5% — substantially 15%, and not less than 5%.
  • Figure 3 shows the correlation between refractometer readings and Krill oil content of the extracted samples. If the refractometer reading of an extracted sample is above 21-22%, an additional extraction step will be undertaken.
  • Example 1 The process steps used to perform the method of the present invention as detailed in the first aspect according to one preferred embodiment are detailed in Table 1.
  • Table 1 details the key parameters of process steps and extract composition of the extraction method/blending method of the first and second aspects of the present invention.
  • Starting raw GSM received as raw deshelled Krill received as processed meal materials frozen mussel meat. (known as OlyMeg from Olympic
  • Processing temperatures Processing temperatures -18-10°C. -18-10°C.
  • DHA Docosahexaenoic acid
  • Astaxanthin 255.0 mg/kg Phospholipids 34.4
  • Ethanol raw material (ETOH:RM) ETOHiRM ratio 6-8L ratio 8-12L
  • Evaporation rate Evaporation rate 1000-1500 L/hr. 600-1500 L/hr.
  • residual lipids after extraction may be checked using the Soxhlet analytical method on occasions to determine that residual lipids in the extracted substrates are lower than 6-8%, as compared to 48-50% of the raw materials before extraction, thereby confirming the extraction efficiency on the particular substrate material.
  • the extraction efficiency in each extraction step may also be monitored using a correlation between end point refractometer readings in the ethanol extracts and the oil content in the extracts.
  • the correlation is established by first collecting multiple extracted samples from the process of the present invention. The oil content of these extracted samples are then determined by identifying LoD on drying at 105°C for 1 hour. The refractometer readings of these samples are then measured on the refractometer in % brix. The correlation between refractometer readings in the ethanol extracts and the oil content in the extracts is then determined by the best fit as shown in Figure 3.
  • This correlation may be used to predict from refractometer readings what the oil content is in the Krill extracted samples. Specifically, the final extraction step must contain no more than a 21-22% refractometer reading which indicates that most of the Krill or GSM oil has been extracted. If the refractometer reading is above 21-22%, an additional extraction step will be undertaken.
  • Table 2 below details the yield percentage from the raw material (RM) achieved at process step 7 above for each of Krill oil and GSM oil.
  • Table 2 Table 3 below details the product parameters for each of the GSM bioactive oil and Krill bioactive oil obtained at process step 7 in Table 1 above.
  • Table 3 Tables 4(i) and 4(ii) detail the Krill/GSM Oil Blend Quality parameters that can be achieved at Process Step 8 above.
  • Example 3 CASSIPURETM powdered anthocyanin rich blackcurrant (BC) extract manufactured by Waitaki Biosciences was used for making the following blend with Krill Oil.
  • the BC extract is measured to the desired amount and then dissolved in 99% ethanol.
  • the dissolved extract is then blended with the desired amount of Krill Oil obtained from the process of the present invention during the secondary scraper evaporation stage (for producing the Krill Oil).
  • a BC extract is being obtained from raw material (e.g. New Zealand Blackcurrant berry ( ribes nigrum) whole berries or pomace sourced from growers and stored frozen) via an ethanol extraction technique or an enzyme/resin purification technique it may be possible to introduce the ethanol BC extract mix to the Krill Oil at step 6 of the present invention as detailed in Example 1.
  • raw material e.g. New Zealand Blackcurrant berry ( ribes nigrum) whole berries or pomace sourced from growers and stored frozen
  • an enzyme/resin purification technique it may be possible to introduce the ethanol BC extract mix to the Krill Oil at step 6 of the present invention as detailed in Example 1.
  • Table 5 below details the yield percentage from the raw material (RM) achieved for each of Krill oil and BC extract.
  • Tables 6(i) and 6(ii) detail the Krill oil and Black Currant extract Blend Quality parameters that can be achieved when blended as described above. Table 6(i)
  • a GSM blackcurrant blend can be made using the same method as detailed in Example 3 above.
  • Table 7 below details the yield percentage from the raw material (RM) achieved for each of GSM oil and BC extract.
  • a GSM oil/Krill oil blend can also be further blended with blackcurrant using substantially the same method as detailed in Example 3.
  • the plant or animal tissue sample may generally be subjected to one or more pre-treatments, prior to being subjected to, the process of the present invention and being subjected to the initial dehydration step.
  • pre-treatments prior to being subjected to, the process of the present invention and being subjected to the initial dehydration step.
  • no pre treatment may be necessary, prior to being subjected to, the process of the present invention and being subjected to the initial dehydration step.
  • the plant or animal tissue may be minced/macerated or otherwise in a reduced, diced or chopped form, as necessary depending on the tissue, prior to being subjected to the dehydration step of the present invention.
  • the minced tissue may be frozen prior to being subjected to the dehydration step of the present invention.
  • the plant or animal tissue may be dissolved, or otherwise pre-processed in a suitable manner as would be well known to a person skilled in the art, so as to facilitate the extraction of the bioactive oil fraction.
  • the dehydration step may be performed in a number of ways without departing from the present invention.
  • the dehydration step may comprise exposing the plant or animal tissue to infrared radiation.
  • the dehydration step may comprise freeze dying the tissue sample in a freeze drier for a period sufficient for the water content of the tissue to drop to substantially 5% or less, preferably less than 3%.
  • the freeze drier may include an NIR sensor.
  • the plant or animal tissue from which the bioactive oil fraction is to be extracted may determine the optimum technique for dehydration.
  • the water content of the tissue may preferably be monitored/measured using near infrared (NIR) testing.
  • NIR near infrared
  • Other methods for testing the water content may be employed without departing from the scope of the present invention.
  • the 96%-100%, preferably 99.9% ethanol extraction step preferably uses of the purest ethanol available. That said the inventors have found the invention performs significantly better than conventional extraction techniques for bioactive oil fractions when the minimum threshold of at least 96% ethanol is used.
  • the ethanol extraction step may use anhydrous ethanol (also known as “absolute ethanol” or “dehydrated alcohol”).
  • anhydrous ethanol also known as “absolute ethanol” or “dehydrated alcohol”.
  • a counter-current ethanol extraction technique may be used.
  • GSM global system for Mobile communications
  • the extract obtained from the method of the present invention once the 96% - 100% ethanol extraction has been performed is then subjected to an evaporation step.
  • the ethanol extraction occurs at temperatures substantially between 20°C - 50°C.
  • the ethanol extraction step may be performed by a high throughput pressurised liquid extraction apparatus.
  • the ethanol extraction step may be carried out at atmospheric pressures using a liquid recirculation system through the substrate being extracted.
  • the primary evaporation step may be undertaken in a variety of different ways.
  • the primary evaporation step may take place in a falling film evaporator (FFE).
  • FFE falling film evaporator
  • the FFE may include an NIR sensor.
  • the primary evaporation step once complete yields a semi-concentrated bioactive oil fraction.
  • the blending and secondary evaporation step may be undertaken in a variety of different ways.
  • the blending and evaporation step may take place in a wiped film evaporator (WFE).
  • WFE wiped film evaporator
  • the WFE may include an NIR sensor.
  • the oil based bioactive fraction obtained may be in an initial form (if further processing/refinement is to be undertaken); or a final form extract (if the bioactive fraction is ready to be used/sold with no further processing steps other than packaging).

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Abstract

Procédé d'extraction permettant l'obtention de fractions bioactives à base d'huile, à partir d'un tissu végétal et/ou d'un tissu animal (" le substrat "), en particulier de Krill de l'antarctique (Euphasia superba), et de tissu de moule à coque verte de Nouvelle-Zélande (Perna canaliculus). Le procédé comprend les étapes consistant a) à soumettre le substrat à une étape de déshydratation ou de séchage, pour produire un échantillon déshydraté ou séché ayant une teneur en eau inférieure à 5 % ; b) à soumettre le substrat déshydraté à une étape d'extraction par de l'éthanol à 96 % à 100 % pour produire un extrait à partir de l'échantillon ; c) à recueillir l'extrait de l'étape b) ; d) à répéter les étapes b) et c) ; e) à combiner tous les extraits obtenus à partir des étapes b) et c) après l'étape d) et à soumettre les extraits à une étape d'évaporation primaire pour obtenir la fraction bioactive à base d'huile sous une forme semi-concentrée.
PCT/NZ2021/050052 2020-03-27 2021-03-29 Procédé d'extraction pour fractions bioactives WO2021194360A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NZ76295620 2020-03-27
NZ762956 2020-03-27
AU2020903882 2020-10-27
AU2020903882A AU2020903882A0 (en) 2020-10-27 Extraction method for bio-active fractions

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WO2021194360A1 true WO2021194360A1 (fr) 2021-09-30

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