WO2021189407A1 - Matériau actif d'électrode négative, ainsi que dispositif électrochimique et dispositif électronique comprenant celui-ci - Google Patents

Matériau actif d'électrode négative, ainsi que dispositif électrochimique et dispositif électronique comprenant celui-ci Download PDF

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WO2021189407A1
WO2021189407A1 PCT/CN2020/081609 CN2020081609W WO2021189407A1 WO 2021189407 A1 WO2021189407 A1 WO 2021189407A1 CN 2020081609 W CN2020081609 W CN 2020081609W WO 2021189407 A1 WO2021189407 A1 WO 2021189407A1
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active material
negative
negative electrode
electrode active
negative active
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PCT/CN2020/081609
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
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杜鹏
谢远森
陈茂华
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宁德新能源科技有限公司
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Priority to CN202080097769.3A priority Critical patent/CN115191043A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2020/081609 priority patent/WO2021189407A1/fr
Publication of WO2021189407A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021189407A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of energy storage, in particular to a negative electrode active material and an electrochemical device and an electronic device using the same.
  • Electrochemical devices for example, lithium-ion batteries
  • Small-sized lithium-ion batteries are generally used as power sources for driving portable electronic communication devices (for example, camcorders, mobile phones, or notebook computers, etc.), especially high-performance portable devices.
  • portable electronic communication devices for example, camcorders, mobile phones, or notebook computers, etc.
  • medium-sized and large-sized lithium batteries with high output characteristics have been developed for use in electric vehicles (EV) and large-scale energy storage systems (ESS).
  • EV electric vehicles
  • ESS large-scale energy storage systems
  • Improving the active material in the electrode is one of the research directions to solve the above problems.
  • the present application attempts to solve at least one problem existing in related fields at least to some extent by providing a negative electrode active material, an electrochemical device and an electronic device using the same.
  • the present application provides a negative active material, which includes a negative active material and a protective layer on the surface of the negative active material, wherein a time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry test is used, and the protective layer includes At least one of the following charged groups: C 2 H 3 + , Si + , C 2 H 5 + , C 3 H 3 + , C 3 H 5 + , C 3 H 7 + , C 4 H 5 + , C 4 H 7 + , C 4 H 9 + , C 5 H 7 + , SiC 3 H 9 + , C 6 H 5 + , C 6 H 7 + , C 6 H 9 + , C 6 H 11 + , C 6 H 13 + , C 7 H 7 + , C 7 H 11 + , C 7 H 13 + , C 8 H 13 + , C 8 H 11 N 2 + , Si 2 OC 5 H 15 + , Si 3 O 2 C 5 H 15 +, Si 3 O 3 C 5 H 15 +, Si 3 O 3 C 5 H 15 +
  • time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry is used, and the protective layer includes positively charged groups.
  • the protective layer includes at least one of the following positively charged groups: C 2 H 3 + , Si + , C 2 H 5 + , C 3 H 3 + , C 3 H 7 + , C 4 H 7 + , C 4 H 9 + , C 5 H 7 + , SiC 3 H 9 + , C 6 H 7 + , C 6 H 9 + , C 6 H 13 + , C 7 H 7 + , C 7 H 13 + , C 8 H 13 + , C 8 H 11 N 2 + , Si 3 O 2 C 5 H 15 + , Si 3 O 3 C 5 H 15 + or Si 4 O 4 C 7 H 21 + .
  • a time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry test is used, and the protective layer includes at least one of the following positively charged groups: C 2 H 3 + , C 2 H 5 + , C 3 H 3 + , C 3 H 5 + , C 4 H 5 + , C 4 H 7 + , C 4 H 9 + , C 5 H 7 + , C 6 H 5 + , C 6 H 7 + , C 6 H 9 + , C 6 H 11 + , C 6 H 13 + , C 7 H 7 + , C 7 H 11 + , C 7 H 13 + , C 8 H 13 + or C 8 H 11 N 2 + .
  • a time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry test is used, and the protective layer includes at least one of the following positively charged groups: C 2 H 3 + , Si + , C 3 H 5 + , C 3 H 7 + , C 4 H 5 + , C 4 H 9 + , SiC 3 H 9 + , C 6 H 5 + , C 6 H 9 + , C 6 H 11 + , C 7 H 7 + , C 7 H 11 + , C 8 H 13 + , C 8 H 11 N 2 + , Si 2 OC 5 H 15 + , Si 3 O 3 C 5 H 15 + or Si 3 O 2 C 7 H 21 + .
  • time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry is used, and the protective layer includes negatively charged groups.
  • the protective layer comprising a negatively charged group at least one of: CH -, O -, CN -, C 3 H 2 -, C 4 H - , C 2 H 3 O 2 - , SiO 2 -, C 4 H 7 O -, C 3 H 9 N 2 -, C 5 H 7 N -, C 14 H 21 O - or Si 3 O 4 C 5 H 15 - .
  • the protective layer comprising a negatively charged group at least one of: CH -, O -, CN -, C 3 H 2 -, C 2 HO - , C 4 H -, C 2 H 3 O 2 -, PO 2 -, C 4 H 7 O -, C 3 H 9 N 2 -, PO 3 -, C 5 H 7 N - or C 14 H 21 O - .
  • the protective layer comprising a negatively charged group at least one of: CH -, O -, CN -, C 3 H 2 -, C 2 HO - , C 2 H 3 O 2 - , PO 2 -, C 4 H 7 O -, SiO 2 CH 3 -, C 5 H 7 N -, Si 2 O 3 C 3 H 9 -, C 14 H 21 O - , or si 3 O 4 C 5 H 15 -.
  • the thickness of the protective layer is 1 nm to 200 nm. In some embodiments, the thickness of the protective layer is 5 nm to 180 nm. In some embodiments, the thickness of the protective layer is 10 nm to 150 nm. In some embodiments, the thickness of the protective layer is 50 nm to 100 nm.
  • the thickness of the protective layer is 1nm, 5nm, 10nm, 20nm, 30nm, 40nm, 50nm, 60nm, 70nm, 80nm, 90nm, 100nm, 110nm, 120nm, 130nm, 140nm, 150nm, 160nm, 170nm , 180nm, 190nm or 200nm.
  • the negative active material further includes a metal element
  • the metal element includes at least one of gold, silver, platinum, zirconium, zinc, magnesium, calcium, barium, vanadium, iron, or aluminum, based on The total weight of the negative active material, the content of the metal element is less than 0.1 wt%. In some embodiments, based on the total weight of the negative active material, the content of the metal element is less than 0.05 wt%. Based on the total weight of the negative active material, the content of the metal element is 0.005wt%, 0.01wt%, 0.03wt%, 0.05wt%, 0.08wt% or 0.1wt%.
  • the negative electrode active material further includes a non-metal element, the non-metal element including at least one of boron, arsenic, or selenium, based on the total weight of the negative electrode active material, the non-metal element
  • the content is 50ppm to 200ppm.
  • the content of the non-metallic elements is 100 ppm to 150 ppm based on the total weight of the negative active material.
  • the content of the non-metal elements is 50 ppm, 60 ppm, 70 ppm, 80 ppm, 90 ppm, 100 ppm, 110 ppm, 120 ppm, 130 ppm, 140 ppm, 150 ppm, 160 ppm, 170 ppm, 180ppm, 190ppm or 200ppm.
  • the negative active material includes a pore, and the inner wall of the pore includes the metal element.
  • the negative active material includes a pore, and the inner wall of the pore includes the non-metallic element.
  • the negative active material includes phosphorus element, and based on the total weight of the negative active material, the content of the phosphorus element is not more than 1 wt%. In some embodiments, based on the total weight of the negative active material, the content of the phosphorus element is not more than 0.5 wt%. In some embodiments, based on the total weight of the negative active material, the content of the phosphorus element is not more than 0.1 wt%.
  • the content of the phosphorus element is 0.01wt%, 0.03wt%, 0.05wt%, 0.08wt%, 0.1wt%, 0.3wt%, 0.5wt %, 0.8wt% or 1wt%.
  • the median particle size of the negative active material is 5 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m; the specific surface area of the negative active material is 0.7 m 2 /g to 100 m 2 /g. In some embodiments, the median particle diameter of the negative active material is 10 ⁇ m to 15 ⁇ m. In some embodiments, the median particle size of the negative active material is 5 ⁇ m, 8 ⁇ m, 10 ⁇ m, 12 ⁇ m, 15 ⁇ m, 18 ⁇ m, or 20 ⁇ m. In some embodiments, the specific surface area of the negative active material is 1 m 2 /g to 80 m 2 /g.
  • the specific surface area of the negative active material is 10 m 2 /g to 60 m 2 /g. In some embodiments, the specific surface area of the negative active material is 30 m 2 /g to 50 m 2 /g. In some embodiments, the specific surface area of the negative active material is 0.7m 2 /g, 1m 2 /g, 5m 2 /g, 10m 2 /g, 20m 2 /g, 30m 2 /g, 40m 2 /g , 50m 2 /g, 60m 2 /g, 70m 2 /g, 80m 2 /g, 90m 2 /g or 100m 2 /g.
  • the present application provides an electrochemical device, which includes a positive electrode, an electrolyte, and a negative electrode.
  • the positive electrode includes a positive electrode active material layer and a positive electrode current collector
  • the negative electrode includes a negative electrode active material layer and a negative electrode.
  • the current collector, the negative active material layer includes the negative active material according to the present application.
  • the porosity of the negative active material layer is 15% to 45%. In some embodiments, the porosity of the negative active material layer is 20% to 40%. In some embodiments, the porosity of the negative active material layer is 25% to 30%. In some embodiments, the porosity of the negative active material layer is 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, or 45%.
  • the contact angle of the negative active material layer with respect to the electrolyte is 80° to 96°.
  • the contact angle of the negative electrode with respect to the electrolyte is 80°, 81°, 82°, 83°, 84°, 85°, 86°, 87°, 88°, 89°, 90° , 91°, 92°, 93°, 94°, 95° or 96°.
  • the present application provides an electronic device, which includes the electrochemical device according to the present application.
  • FIG. 1 shows a time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) diagram of a negative active material according to the present application, wherein according to the TOF-SIMS test, the protective layer of the negative active material has positively charged groups.
  • TOF-SIMS time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry
  • FIG. 2 shows a time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) diagram of a negative active material according to the present application.
  • TOF-SIMS time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the contact angle of the negative electrode active material with respect to the electrolyte according to the present application.
  • a list of items connected by the term "at least one of” can mean any combination of the listed items. For example, if items A and B are listed, then the phrase "at least one of A and B" means only A; only B; or A and B. In another example, if items A, B, and C are listed, then the phrase "at least one of A, B, and C" means only A; or only B; only C; A and B (excluding C); A and C (exclude B); B and C (exclude A); or all of A, B, and C.
  • Project A can contain a single element or multiple elements.
  • Project B can contain a single element or multiple elements.
  • Project C can contain a single element or multiple elements.
  • pores refer to pores or pore structures in a single negative electrode active material particle.
  • pores refer to voids between a plurality of particles of the negative active material.
  • the upper limit of the theoretical electrochemical capacity of the graphitized negative active material is 372 mAh/g, and it is difficult for the electrochemical capacity of the previously known graphitized negative active material to break through this upper limit.
  • the silicon anode active material has a high electrochemical capacity. With the increase in the content of the doped material in the silicon anode active material, the energy density of the electrochemical device can be significantly improved, but the anode active material will undergo significant volume expansion, which will decrease significantly. The performance of the electrochemical device, in particular, will significantly reduce the capacity retention rate during long cycles.
  • the present application provides a negative electrode active material, which includes a negative electrode active material and a protective layer on the surface of the negative electrode active material, wherein the time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry test is adopted, and the protective layer includes the following charged At least one of the groups: C 2 H 3 + , Si + , C 2 H 5 + , C 3 H 3 + , C 3 H 5 + , C 3 H 7 + , C 4 H 5 + , C 4 H 7 + , C 4 H 9 + , C 5 H 7 + , SiC 3 H 9 + , C 6 H 5 + , C 6 H 7 + , C 6 H 9 + , C 6 H 11 + , C 6 H 13 + , C 7 H 7 + , C 7 H 11 + , C 7 H 13 + , C 8 H 13 + , C 8 H 11 N 2 + , Si 2 OC 5 H 15 + , Si 3 O 2 C 5 H 15 + , Si 3 O 3 C 5 H 15 + , Si 3 O 3
  • time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry is used, and the protective layer includes positively charged groups.
  • the protective layer includes at least one of the following positively charged groups: C 2 H 3 + , Si + , C 2 H 5 + , C 3 H 3 + , C 3 H 7 + , C 4 H 7 + , C 4 H 9 + , C 5 H 7 + , SiC 3 H 9 + , C 6 H 7 + , C 6 H 9 + , C 6 H 13 + , C 7 H 7 + , C 7 H 13 + , C 8 H 13 + , C 8 H 11 N 2 + , Si 3 O 2 C 5 H 15 + , Si 3 O 3 C 5 H 15 + or Si 4 O 4 C 7 H 21 + .
  • a time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry test is used, and the protective layer includes at least one of the following positively charged groups: C 2 H 3 + , C 2 H 5 + , C 3 H 3 + , C 3 H 5 + , C 4 H 5 + , C 4 H 7 + , C 4 H 9 + , C 5 H 7 + , C 6 H 5 + , C 6 H 7 + , C 6 H 9 + , C 6 H 11 + , C 6 H 13 + , C 7 H 7 + , C 7 H 11 + , C 7 H 13 + , C 8 H 13 + or C 8 H 11 N 2 + .
  • a time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry test is used, and the protective layer includes at least one of the following positively charged groups: C 2 H 3 + , Si + , C 3 H 5 + , C 3 H 7 + , C 4 H 5 + , C 4 H 9 + , SiC 3 H 9 + , C 6 H 5 + , C 6 H 9 + , C 6 H 11 + , C 7 H 7 + , C 7 H 11 + , C 8 H 13 + , C 8 H 11 N 2 + , Si 2 OC 5 H 15 + , Si 3 O 3 C 5 H 15 + or Si 3 O 2 C 7 H 21 + .
  • TOF-SIMS time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry
  • time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry is used, and the protective layer includes negatively charged groups.
  • the protective layer comprising a negatively charged group at least one of: CH -, O -, CN -, C 3 H 2 -, C 4 H - , C 2 H 3 O 2 - , SiO 2 -, C 4 H 7 O -, C 3 H 9 N 2 -, PO 3 -, C 5 H 7 N -, C 14 H 21 O - or Si 3 O 4 C 5 H 15 -.
  • the protective layer comprising a negatively charged group at least one of: CH -, O -, CN -, C 3 H 2 -, C 2 HO - , C 4 H -, C 2 H 3 O 2 -, PO 2 -, C 4 H 7 O -, C 3 H 9 N 2 -, PO 3 -, C 5 H 7 N - or C 14 H 21 O - .
  • the protective layer comprising a negatively charged group at least one of: CH -, O -, CN -, C 3 H 2 -, C 2 HO - , C 2 H 3 O 2 - , PO 2 -, C 4 H 7 O -, SiO 2 CH 3 -, C 5 H 7 N -, Si 2 O 3 C 3 H 9 -, C 14 H 21 O - , or si 3 O 4 C 5 H 15 -.
  • TOF-SIMS time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry
  • the type and number of secondary ion charged groups excited from the protective layer of the negative electrode active material will be affected by the surface electrochemical treatment method, the degree of sintering treatment and the temperature during the preparation of the negative electrode. These groups will participate in the process of lithium ion insertion and extraction. When there is an oxygen-containing group in the charged group, lithium is likely to form a charge transfer compound with the end atom, resulting in a decrease in the amount of active lithium ions, which may cause a voltage hysteresis phenomenon.
  • oxygen-containing groups are very easy to adsorb space water, and they easily react with lithium to produce lithium hydroxide and lithium carbonate, both of which are important components of solid electrolyte membranes, which help to form more stable negative electrode materials and electrolytes.
  • oxygen-containing groups are very easy to adsorb space water, and they easily react with lithium to produce lithium hydroxide and lithium carbonate, both of which are important components of solid electrolyte membranes, which help to form more stable negative electrode materials and electrolytes.
  • thermal shock, overcharge, nail penetration, impact for example, thermal shock, overcharge, nail penetration, impact.
  • the thickness of the protective layer is 1 nm to 200 nm. In some embodiments, the thickness of the protective layer is 5 nm to 180 nm. In some embodiments, the thickness of the protective layer is 10 nm to 150 nm. In some embodiments, the thickness of the protective layer is 50 nm to 100 nm.
  • the thickness of the protective layer is 1nm, 5nm, 10nm, 20nm, 30nm, 40nm, 50nm, 60nm, 70nm, 80nm, 90nm, 100nm, 110nm, 120nm, 130nm, 140nm, 150nm, 160nm, 170nm , 180nm, 190nm or 200nm.
  • the content of the protective layer is not more than 1 wt%. In some embodiments, based on the total weight of the negative active material, the content of the protective layer is not more than 0.5 wt%. In some embodiments, based on the total weight of the negative active material, the content of the protective layer is not more than 0.1 wt%. In some embodiments, based on the total weight of the negative active material, the content of the protective layer is 0.01 wt%, 0.03 wt%, 0.05 wt%, 0.08 wt%, 0.1 wt%, 0.3 wt%, 0.5 wt% %, 0.8wt% or 1wt%.
  • the half-height width Id of the peak appearing at 1345 cm -1 to 1355 cm -1 of the negative electrode active material measured by Raman spectroscopy and the peak appearing at 1595 cm -1 to 1605 cm -1 The ratio Id/Ig of the half-height peak width Ig is 0.7 to 1.5, and the negative electrode active material includes crystalline carbon material, amorphous carbon material, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the Id/Ig of the negative active material measured by Raman spectroscopy is 1.0 to 1.2.
  • the Id/Ig of the negative active material measured by Raman spectroscopy is 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, or 1.5.
  • the crystal defects and the degree of disorder on the surface of the negative electrode active material are in an appropriate range, which helps to increase the gram capacity of the negative electrode active material.
  • the negative active material further includes a metal element
  • the metal element includes at least one of gold, silver, platinum, zirconium, zinc, magnesium, calcium, barium, vanadium, iron, or aluminum.
  • the content of the metal element is less than 0.1 wt%. In some embodiments, based on the total weight of the negative active material, the content of the metal element is less than 0.05 wt%. Based on the total weight of the negative active material, the content of the metal element is 0.005wt%, 0.01wt%, 0.03wt%, 0.05wt%, 0.08wt% or 0.1wt%.
  • the negative active material further includes a non-metal element, and the non-metal element includes at least one of boron, arsenic, or selenium.
  • the content of the non-metal element is 50 ppm to 200 ppm. In some embodiments, the content of the non-metal element is 100 ppm to 150 ppm based on the total weight of the negative active material. In some embodiments, based on the total weight of the negative active material, the content of the non-metal elements is 50 ppm, 60 ppm, 70 ppm, 80 ppm, 90 ppm, 100 ppm, 110 ppm, 120 ppm, 130 ppm, 140 ppm, 150 ppm, 160 ppm, 170 ppm, 180ppm, 190ppm or 200ppm.
  • the negative active material includes pores, and the inner walls of the pores include metallic elements and/or non-metallic elements.
  • the negative electrode active material with pores has a larger specific surface area, and the inner wall of the pores can effectively adsorb lithium, which helps to increase the electrochemical capacity of the negative electrode active material.
  • the thickness of the functional material is 30 nm to 250 nm.
  • the thickness of the functional material is 50 nm to 200 nm.
  • the thickness of the functional material is 100 nm to 150 nm.
  • the thickness of the functional material is 30 nm, 50 nm, 80 nm, 100 nm, 120 nm, 125 nm, 150 nm, 180 nm, 200 nm, 220 nm, or 250 nm.
  • the negative electrode active material includes phosphorus (P) element, and based on the total weight of the negative electrode active material, the content of the phosphorus element is not more than 1 wt%. In some embodiments, based on the total weight of the negative active material, the content of the phosphorus element is not more than 0.5 wt%. In some embodiments, based on the total weight of the negative active material, the content of the phosphorus element is not more than 0.1 wt%.
  • the content of the element P is 0.01 wt%, 0.03 wt%, 0.05 wt%, 0.08 wt%, 0.1 wt%, 0.3 wt%, 0.5 wt %, 0.8wt% or 1wt%.
  • the content of P element in the negative electrode active material layer can be measured by an element analyzer.
  • the delithiation potential of the negative electrode active material can be adjusted in the range of 0-0.7V. The lower the delithiation potential, the higher the energy density of the lithium ion battery.
  • the phosphorus element is present on the inner wall of the pore.
  • the phosphorus element gradually decreases from the outside to the inside in the negative active material.
  • the distribution of phosphorus element in the negative electrode active material can be obtained by scanning electron microscopy energy spectroscopy (EDS).
  • the median particle diameter of the negative active material is 5 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m. In some embodiments, the median particle diameter of the negative active material is 10 ⁇ m to 15 ⁇ m. In some embodiments, the median particle size of the negative active material is 5 ⁇ m, 8 ⁇ m, 10 ⁇ m, 12 ⁇ m, 15 ⁇ m, 18 ⁇ m, or 20 ⁇ m.
  • the specific surface area of the negative active material is 0.7 m 2 /g to 100 m 2 /g. In some embodiments, the specific surface area of the negative active material is 1 m 2 /g to 80 m 2 /g. In some embodiments, the specific surface area of the negative active material is 10 m 2 /g to 60 m 2 /g. In some embodiments, the specific surface area of the negative active material is 30 m 2 /g to 50 m 2 /g.
  • the specific surface area of the negative active material is 0.7m 2 /g, 1m 2 /g, 5m 2 /g, 10m 2 /g, 20m 2 /g, 30m 2 /g, 40m 2 /g , 50m 2 /g, 60m 2 /g, 70m 2 /g, 80m 2 /g, 90m 2 /g or 100m 2 /g.
  • Increasing the specific surface area of the negative active material can increase the contact point of the negative active material with the electrolyte.
  • the specific surface area of the negative electrode active material can be obtained by the nitrogen adsorption test method.
  • the negative active material may include, but is not limited to, natural graphite, artificial graphite, mesophase carbon microspheres (referred to as MCMB for short), hard carbon, soft carbon, silicon, silicon-carbon composite, Li-Sn Alloy, Li-Sn-O alloy, Sn, SnO, SnO 2 , spinel structure lithiated TiO 2 -Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 or LI-l alloy.
  • Non-limiting examples of carbon materials include crystalline carbon, amorphous carbon, and mixtures thereof.
  • the crystalline carbon may be amorphous or flake-shaped, flake-shaped, spherical or fibrous natural graphite or artificial graphite.
  • Amorphous carbon can be soft carbon, hard carbon, mesophase pitch carbide, calcined coke, and the like.
  • the negative electrode includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer, and the negative electrode active material layer is disposed on the negative electrode current collector.
  • the negative active material layer includes the negative active material according to the present application.
  • the negative electrode current collector used in the present application may be selected from copper foil, nickel foil, stainless steel foil, titanium foil, foamed nickel, foamed copper, polymer substrates coated with conductive metals, and combinations thereof.
  • the porosity of the negative active material layer is 15% to 45%. In some embodiments, the porosity of the negative active material layer is 20% to 40%. In some embodiments, the porosity of the negative active material layer is 25% to 30%. In some embodiments, the porosity of the negative active material layer is 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, or 45%.
  • the porosity of the negative active material layer can be achieved by controlling the rolling pressure during the preparation of the negative electrode. By controlling the rolling pressure, a continuous change in the thickness of the negative active material layer can be achieved, so that the porosity of the negative active material layer can be controlled.
  • the test instrument AccuPyc II 1340 can be used to calculate the porosity of the negative electrode active material layer by the mass volume method.
  • the porosity of the anode active material layer is within the above range, it helps to improve the energy density of the electrochemical device.
  • the contact angle of the negative active material layer with respect to the electrolyte is 80° to 96°.
  • Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of the contact angle ⁇ of the negative electrode with respect to the electrolyte.
  • the contact angle ⁇ of the negative active material layer with respect to the electrolyte is 80°, 81°, 82°, 83°, 84°, 85°, 86°, 87°, 88°, 89°. °, 90°, 91°, 92°, 93°, 94°, 95° or 96°.
  • the contact angle of the negative electrode active material layer with respect to the electrolyte can be tested by any known means, for example, using a Shanghai Zhongchen (model JC2000D1) tester.
  • the negative electrode further includes a conductive layer disposed between the negative active material layer and the negative current collector.
  • the conductive material of the conductive layer may include any conductive material as long as it does not cause a chemical change.
  • conductive materials include carbon-based materials (e.g., natural graphite, artificial graphite, carbon black, acetylene black, Ketjen black, carbon fibers, carbon nanotubes, graphene, etc.), metal-based materials (e.g., metal Powder, metal fibers, etc., such as copper, nickel, aluminum, silver, etc.), conductive polymers (e.g., polyphenylene derivatives), and mixtures thereof.
  • the negative electrode further includes a binder, and the binder is selected from at least one of the following: polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, and diacetyl cellulose , Polyvinyl chloride, carboxylated polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl fluoride, ethylene oxide-containing polymers, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyurethane, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyethylene, poly Propylene, styrene butadiene rubber, acrylic (ester) styrene butadiene rubber, epoxy resin or nylon, etc.
  • the binder is selected from at least one of the following: polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, and diacetyl cellulose , Polyvinyl chloride, carboxylated polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl fluoride, ethylene oxide-containing polymers, polyvinylpyrrolidone
  • the positive electrode includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material provided on the positive electrode current collector.
  • the specific types of positive electrode active materials are not subject to specific restrictions, and can be selected according to requirements.
  • the positive electrode active material includes a positive electrode material capable of absorbing and releasing lithium (Li).
  • positive electrode materials capable of absorbing/releasing lithium (Li) may include lithium cobalt oxide, lithium nickel cobalt manganate, lithium nickel cobalt aluminate, lithium manganate, lithium iron manganese phosphate, lithium vanadium phosphate, lithium vanadyl phosphate, and phosphoric acid. Lithium iron, lithium titanate and lithium-rich manganese-based materials.
  • the chemical formula of lithium cobalt oxide can be as chemical formula 1:
  • M1 represents selected from nickel (Ni), manganese (Mn), magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al), boron (B), titanium (Ti), vanadium (V), chromium (Cr), iron (Fe), Copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), molybdenum (Mo), tin (Sn), calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), tungsten (W), yttrium (Y), lanthanum (La), zirconium (Zr) and For at least one of silicon (Si), the values of x, a, b, and c are within the following ranges: 0.8 ⁇ x ⁇ 1.2, 0.8 ⁇ a ⁇ 1, 0 ⁇ b ⁇ 0.2, -0.1 ⁇ c ⁇ 0.2.
  • the chemical formula of lithium nickel cobalt manganate or lithium nickel cobalt aluminate can be as chemical formula 2:
  • M2 represents selected from cobalt (Co), manganese (Mn), magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al), boron (B), titanium (Ti), vanadium (V), chromium (Cr), iron (Fe), At least one of copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), molybdenum (Mo), tin (Sn), calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), tungsten (W), zirconium (Zr), and silicon (Si),
  • the values of y, d, e, and f are in the following ranges: 0.8 ⁇ y ⁇ 1.2, 0.3 ⁇ d ⁇ 0.98, 0.02 ⁇ e ⁇ 0.7, -0.1 ⁇ f ⁇ 0.2.
  • the chemical formula of lithium manganate can be as chemical formula 3:
  • M3 represents selected from cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al), boron (B), titanium (Ti), vanadium (V), chromium (Cr), iron (Fe), At least one of copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), molybdenum (Mo), tin (Sn), calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr) and tungsten (W), with z, g and h values in the following ranges respectively Inner: 0.8 ⁇ z ⁇ 1.2, 0 ⁇ g ⁇ 1.0 and -0.2 ⁇ h ⁇ 0.2.
  • the weight of the positive electrode active material layer is 1.5 to 15 times the weight of the negative electrode active material layer. In some embodiments, the weight of the positive active material layer is 3 to 10 times the weight of the negative active material layer. In some embodiments, the weight of the positive active material layer is 5 to 8 times the weight of the negative active material layer. In some embodiments, the weight of the positive active material layer is 1.5 times, 2 times, 3 times, 4 times, 5 times, 6 times, 7 times, 8 times, 9 times the weight of the negative active material layer. , 10 times, 11 times, 12 times, 13 times, 14 times or 15 times.
  • the positive active material layer may have a coating on the surface, or may be mixed with another compound having a coating.
  • the coating may include oxides of coating elements, hydroxides of coating elements, oxyhydroxides of coating elements, oxycarbonates of coating elements, and hydroxycarbonates of coating elements ( At least one coating element compound selected from hydroxycarbonate).
  • the compound used for the coating may be amorphous or crystalline.
  • the coating element contained in the coating may include Mg, Al, Co, K, Na, Ca, Si, Ti, V, Sn, Ge, Ga, B, As, Zr, F, or a mixture thereof.
  • the coating can be applied by any method as long as the method does not adversely affect the performance of the positive electrode active material.
  • the method may include any coating method well-known to those of ordinary skill in the art, such as spraying, dipping, and the like.
  • the positive active material layer further includes a binder, and optionally further includes a positive conductive material.
  • the binder can improve the binding of the positive electrode active material particles to each other, and also improve the binding of the positive electrode active material to the current collector.
  • binders include polyvinyl alcohol, hydroxypropyl cellulose, diacetyl cellulose, polyvinyl chloride, carboxylated polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl fluoride, ethylene oxide-containing polymers, polyvinyl chloride Vinylpyrrolidone, polyurethane, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyethylene, polypropylene, styrene butadiene rubber, acrylic (ester) styrene butadiene rubber, epoxy resin, nylon, etc.
  • the positive electrode active material layer includes a positive electrode conductive material, thereby imparting conductivity to the electrode.
  • the positive electrode conductive material may include any conductive material as long as it does not cause a chemical change.
  • Non-limiting examples of positive electrode conductive materials include carbon-based materials (e.g., natural graphite, artificial graphite, carbon black, acetylene black, Ketjen black, carbon fiber, etc.), metal-based materials (e.g., metal powder, metal fiber, etc., Including, for example, copper, nickel, aluminum, silver, etc.), conductive polymers (for example, polyphenylene derivatives), and mixtures thereof.
  • the positive electrode current collector used in the electrochemical device according to the present application may be aluminum (Al), but is not limited thereto.
  • the electrolyte that can be used in the embodiments of the present application may be an electrolyte known in the prior art.
  • the electrolyte that can be used in the electrolyte in the embodiments of the present application includes, but is not limited to: inorganic lithium salts, such as LiClO 4 , LiAsF 6 , LiPF 6 , LiBF 4 , LiSbF 6 , LiSO 3 F, LiN(FSO 2 ) 2, etc.; Fluorine-containing organic lithium salts, such as LiCF 3 SO 3 , LiN(FSO 2 )(CF 3 SO 2 ), LiN(CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 , LiN(C 2 F 5 SO 2 ) 2 , cyclic 1,3- Lithium hexafluoropropane disulfonimide, lithium cyclic 1,2-tetrafluoroethane disulfonimide, LiN (CF 3 SO 2 ) (C 4 F 9 SO 2 ), LiC (CF 3 SO 2 ) 3.
  • inorganic lithium salts such as LiClO 4 , LiAsF 6 , LiPF 6 , Li
  • Lithium salt containing dicarboxylic acid complex such as bis(oxalato) lithium borate, difluorooxalic acid Lithium borate, tris(oxalato) lithium phosphate, diflu
  • the electrolyte includes a combination of LiPF 6 and LiBF 4.
  • the electrolyte includes a combination of an inorganic lithium salt such as LiPF 6 or LiBF 4 and a fluorine-containing organic lithium salt such as LiCF 3 SO 3 , LiN(CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 , and LiN(C 2 F 5 SO 2 ) 2 .
  • the electrolyte includes LiPF 6 .
  • the concentration of the electrolyte is in the range of 0.8-3 mol/L, for example, in the range of 0.8-2.5 mol/L, in the range of 0.8-2 mol/L, in the range of 1-2 mol/L, for example It is 1mol/L, 1.15mol/L, 1.2mol/L, 1.5mol/L, 2mol/L or 2.5mol/L.
  • Solvents that can be used in the electrolyte of the embodiments of the present application include, but are not limited to: carbonate compounds, ester-based compounds, ether-based compounds, ketone-based compounds, alcohol-based compounds, aprotic solvents, or combinations thereof.
  • carbonate compounds include, but are not limited to, linear carbonate compounds, cyclic carbonate compounds, fluorocarbonate compounds, or combinations thereof.
  • chain carbonate compounds include, but are not limited to, diethyl carbonate (DEC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), dipropyl carbonate (DPC), methyl propyl carbonate (MPC), ethylene propyl carbonate ( EPC), ethyl methyl carbonate (MEC) and their combinations.
  • DEC diethyl carbonate
  • DMC dimethyl carbonate
  • DPC dipropyl carbonate
  • MEC methyl propyl carbonate
  • EPC ethylene propyl carbonate
  • MEC ethyl methyl carbonate
  • cyclic carbonate compound are ethylene carbonate (EC), propylene carbonate (PC), butylene carbonate (BC), vinyl ethylene carbonate (VEC), and combinations thereof.
  • fluorocarbonate compound examples include fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC), 1,2-difluoroethylene carbonate, 1,1-difluoroethylene carbonate, 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene carbonate Fluoroethylene, 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethylene carbonate, 1-fluoro-2-methylethylene carbonate, 1-fluoro-1-methylethylene carbonate, 1,2 carbonate -Difluoro-1-methylethylene, 1,1,2-trifluoro-2-methylethylene carbonate, trifluoromethylethylene carbonate, and combinations thereof.
  • FEC fluoroethylene carbonate
  • 1,2-difluoroethylene carbonate 1,1-difluoroethylene carbonate
  • 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene carbonate Fluoroethylene, 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethylene carbonate, 1-fluoro-2-methylethylene carbonate, 1-fluoro-1-methylethylene carbonate, 1,2 carbonate -Difluoro-1-methylethylene, 1,1,2-trifluoro-2-methylethylene carbonate, trifluor
  • ester-based compounds include, but are not limited to, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, n-propyl acetate, tert-butyl acetate, methyl propionate, ethyl propionate, ⁇ -butyrolactone, decanolide, Valerolactone, mevalonolactone, caprolactone, methyl formate, and combinations thereof.
  • ether-based compounds include, but are not limited to, dibutyl ether, tetraglyme, diglyme, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, 1,2-diethoxyethane Alkanes, ethoxymethoxyethane, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, tetrahydrofuran, and combinations thereof.
  • ketone-based compounds include, but are not limited to, cyclohexanone.
  • alcohol-based compounds include, but are not limited to, ethanol and isopropanol.
  • aprotic solvents include, but are not limited to, dimethyl sulfoxide, 1,2-dioxolane, sulfolane, methyl sulfolane, 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone, N-methyl- 2-pyrrolidone, formamide, dimethylformamide, acetonitrile, nitromethane, trimethyl phosphate, triethyl phosphate, trioctyl phosphate, and phosphate esters and combinations thereof.
  • a separator is provided between the positive electrode and the negative electrode to prevent short circuits.
  • the material and shape of the isolation film that can be used in the embodiments of the present application are not particularly limited, and they can be any technology disclosed in the prior art.
  • the isolation membrane includes a polymer or an inorganic substance formed of a material that is stable to the electrolyte of the present application, or the like.
  • the isolation film may include a substrate layer and a surface treatment layer.
  • the substrate layer is a non-woven fabric, film or composite film with a porous structure, and the material of the substrate layer is selected from at least one of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate and polyimide.
  • a polypropylene porous film, a polyethylene porous film, a polypropylene non-woven fabric, a polyethylene non-woven fabric, or a polypropylene-polyethylene-polypropylene porous composite film can be selected.
  • the porous structure can improve the heat resistance, oxidation resistance and electrolyte infiltration performance of the isolation membrane, and enhance the adhesion between the isolation membrane and the pole piece.
  • a surface treatment layer is provided on at least one surface of the substrate layer.
  • the surface treatment layer may be a polymer layer or an inorganic substance layer, or a layer formed by a mixed polymer and an inorganic substance.
  • the inorganic layer includes inorganic particles and a binder.
  • the inorganic particles are selected from alumina, silica, magnesium oxide, titanium oxide, hafnium dioxide, tin oxide, ceria, nickel oxide, zinc oxide, calcium oxide, zirconium oxide, One or a combination of yttrium oxide, silicon carbide, boehmite, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, and barium sulfate.
  • the binder is selected from polyvinylidene fluoride, vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene copolymer, polyamide, polyacrylonitrile, polyacrylate, polyacrylic acid, polyacrylate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl ether, One or a combination of polymethyl methacrylate, polytetrafluoroethylene and polyhexafluoropropylene.
  • the polymer layer contains a polymer, and the material of the polymer is selected from polyamide, polyacrylonitrile, acrylate polymer, polyacrylic acid, polyacrylate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl ether, polyvinylidene fluoride, poly At least one of (vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene).
  • the present application also provides an electrochemical device, which includes a positive electrode, an electrolyte, and a negative electrode.
  • the positive electrode includes a positive electrode active material layer and a positive electrode current collector.
  • the negative electrode includes a negative electrode active material layer and a negative electrode current collector.
  • the material layer includes the negative active material according to the present application.
  • the electrochemical device of the present application includes any device that undergoes an electrochemical reaction, and specific examples thereof include all kinds of primary batteries, secondary batteries, fuel cells, solar cells, or capacitors.
  • the electrochemical device is a lithium secondary battery, including a lithium metal secondary battery, a lithium ion secondary battery, a lithium polymer secondary battery, or a lithium ion polymer secondary battery.
  • the application also provides an electronic device, which includes the electrochemical device according to the application.
  • the use of the electrochemical device of the present application is not particularly limited, and it can be used in any electronic device known in the prior art.
  • the electrochemical device of the present application can be used in, but not limited to, notebook computers, pen-input computers, mobile computers, e-book players, portable phones, portable fax machines, portable copiers, portable printers, and headsets.
  • Stereo headsets video recorders, LCD TVs, portable cleaners, portable CD players, mini discs, transceivers, electronic notebooks, calculators, memory cards, portable recorders, radios, backup power supplies, motors, cars, motorcycles, power assistance Bicycles, bicycles, lighting equipment, toys, game consoles, clocks, power tools, flashlights, cameras, large household storage batteries and lithium-ion capacitors, etc.
  • the phenolic resin is pre-oxidized at 330 degrees, and the solid obtained is crushed and powdered.
  • the temperature is raised to 800 degrees in a tube furnace in an argon atmosphere at a heating rate of 5 degrees per minute, and the temperature is kept for 3 hours.
  • the hard carbon precursor undergoes a cracking reaction to produce hard carbon materials.
  • a silane coupling agent for example, v-chloropropyltriethoxysilane
  • butyl titanate After it is completely dissolved, add 1.5 mol of butyl titanate, stir at 1000 rpm for at least 30 minutes, and filter through an aqueous membrane to obtain a titanium dioxide sol-gel solution.
  • the metal-containing nanoparticles gold nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles or gold-silver alloy nanoparticles
  • 1000 mL of the second solution was added to the first solution, and stirring was continued at 50° C. for 90 minutes to obtain the third solution.
  • aqua regia is dispersed in the third solution to elute metal-containing nanoparticles (gold nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles or gold-silver alloy nanoparticles), and release the space occupied by them to form pores.
  • the resulting solution was allowed to stand for 180 minutes, and was preliminarily dried at 70° C. for 10 hours to remove the solvent, and then heat-treated at 1000° C. in an argon atmosphere to remove impurities to obtain a negative electrode active material.
  • the charged group can be controlled by the selection of the resin, the selection of the silane coupling agent, etc., as long as it can be realized.
  • the negative active material, styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) prepared above are thoroughly stirred and mixed in an appropriate amount of deionized water at a weight ratio of 97:1:2 to form a uniform negative electrode slurry , Wherein the solid content of the negative electrode slurry is 54wt%.
  • This slurry was coated on a negative electrode current collector (copper foil), dried at 85°C, and then cold pressed, cut into pieces, and cut, and dried under vacuum conditions at 120°C for 12 hours to obtain a negative electrode.
  • a polyethylene (PE) porous polymer film with a thickness of 7 ⁇ m was used as the separator.
  • the electrolyte is vacuum packaged, standing, forming, shaping, capacity testing and other processes to obtain a soft-packed lithium-ion battery.
  • Cycle capacity retention ratio (discharge capacity at the 200th cycle/discharge capacity at the first cycle) ⁇ 100%.
  • the lithium-ion battery is fully charged and placed in a high temperature box at 150°C.
  • the time when the lithium-ion battery starts to appear flame is recorded as the thermal shock endurance time. Five samples were tested for each example or comparative example, and the average value was taken.
  • the lithium-ion battery was overcharged at a current density of 1C, and the surface temperature of the lithium-ion battery was tested. Five samples were tested for each example or comparative example, and the average value was taken.
  • the lithium-ion battery is charged at a constant current of 0.5C to a voltage of 4.3V, and then charged at a constant voltage of 4.3V to a current of 0.05C.
  • the UL1642 test standard is adopted.
  • the weight of the weight is 9.8kg and the diameter is 15.8mm, drop height of 61 ⁇ 2.5cm, impact test on lithium ion battery.
  • Use the solid standard sample reference method seat test software to analyze the model and calculate the specific surface area of the sample.
  • the test instrument PE7000DV is used to decompose the sample with nitric acid/hydrofluoric acid and hydrochloric acid.
  • Perchloric acid emits smoke to drive out silicon and fluorine
  • hydrochloric acid dissolves salts
  • the test solution is diluted to the specified volume.
  • the inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer was used to measure the intensity of the emission spectra of the analytical elements in the solution.
  • m is the average mass (g) obtained by the test, the average volume (cm 3 ) obtained by the V test, and Ps is the true density of the sample (g/cm 3 ).
  • the ion mass spectrometer model PHI TRIFT II is used for testing.
  • Table 1 shows the influence of the protective layer of the negative electrode active material used in the lithium ion battery on the cycle performance and safety of the lithium ion battery.
  • C 2 means the following positively charged groups: C 2 H 3 + , C 2 H 5 + , C 3 H 3 + , C 3 H 5 + , C 4 H 5 + , C 4 H 7 + , C 4 H 9 + , C 5 H 7 + , C 6 H 5 + , C 6 H 7 + , C 6 H 9 + , C 6 H 11 + , C 6 H 13 + , C 7 H 7 + , C 7 H 11 + , C 7 H 13 + , C 8 H 13 + , C 8 H 11 N 2 + .
  • C 3 represents the following positively charged groups: C 2 H 3 + , Si + , C 3 H 5 + , C 3 H 7 + , C 4 H 5 + , C 4 H 9 + , SiC 3 H 9 + , C 6 H 5 + , C 6 H 9 + , C 6 H 11 + , C 7 H 7 + , C 7 H 11 + , C 8 H 13 + , C 8 H 11 N 2 + , Si 2 OC 5 H 15 + , Si 3 O 3 C 5 H 15 + , Si 3 O 2 C 7 H 21 + .
  • A denotes the negatively charged group: CH -, O -, CN -, C 3 H 2 -, C 4 H -, C 2 H 3 O 2 -, SiO 2 -, C 4 H 7 O -, C 3 H 9 N 2 -, C 5 H 7 N -, C 14 H 21 O -, Si 3 O 4 C 5 H 15 -.
  • B denotes the negatively charged group: CH -, O -, CN -, C 3 H 2 -, C 2 HO -, C 4 H -, C 2 H 3 O 2 -, C 4 H 7 O -, C 3 H 9 N 2 -, PO 3 -, C 5 H 7 N - ,, C 14 H 21 O -.
  • C represents the negatively charged groups: CH -, O -, CN -, C 3 H 2 -, C 2 HO -, C 2 H 3 O 2 -, PO 2 -, C 4 H 7 O -, SiO 2 CH 3 -, C 5 H 7 N -, Si 2 O 3 C 3 H 9 -, C 14 H 21 O -, Si 3 O 4 C 5 H 15 -.
  • Table 2 shows the influence of the material, structure and properties of the negative active material on the cycle performance and safety of lithium-ion batteries. Except for the parameters listed in Table 2, the other conditions of Examples 12-34 are consistent with those of Example 2.
  • the negative electrode active material contains less than 0.1 wt% of one or more metal elements and/or 50 ppm to 200 ppm of one or more non-metal elements, the cycle capacity retention rate of the lithium ion battery can be further improved, and the Thermal shock withstand time and reduce the surface temperature in the overcharge test, nail penetration test and impact test, which significantly improves the cycle performance and safety of lithium-ion batteries.
  • the negative electrode active material contains pores and the pores contain metal and/or non-metal elements, it helps to further improve the cycle performance and safety of the lithium ion battery.
  • the negative electrode active material contains no more than 1 wt% of the phosphorus element, the cycle performance and safety of the lithium ion battery can be further improved.
  • the specific surface area of the negative electrode active material is in the range of 0.7 m 2 /g to 100 m 2 /g
  • the porosity of the negative electrode active material layer is in the range of 15% to 45%
  • the negative electrode active material layer is in contact with the electrolyte
  • the angle is in the range of 80° to 96°, it helps to further improve the cycle performance and safety of the lithium-ion battery.
  • references to “embodiments”, “partial examples”, “one embodiment”, “another example”, “examples”, “specific examples” or “partial examples” throughout the specification mean that At least one embodiment or example in this application includes the specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in the embodiment or example. Therefore, descriptions appearing in various places throughout the specification, such as: “in some embodiments”, “in an embodiment”, “in one example”, “in another example”, “in an example “In”, “in a specific example” or “exemplary”, which are not necessarily quoting the same embodiment or example in this application.
  • the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics herein can be combined in one or more embodiments or examples in any suitable manner.

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Abstract

La présente demande concerne un matériau actif d'électrode négative, ainsi qu'un dispositif électrochimique et un dispositif électronique le comprenant. En particulier, la présente demande concerne un matériau actif d'électrode négative, qui comprend une substance active d'électrode négative et une couche de protection sur la surface de la substance active d'électrode négative, selon le test de spectrométrie de masse d'ions secondaires en temps de vol, la couche de protection comprenant au moins l'un des groupes chargés suivants : C 2H 3 +, Si +, C 2H 5 +, C 3H 3 +, C 3H 5 +, C 3H 7 +, C 4H 5 +, C 4H 7 +, C 4H 9 +, C 5H 7 +, SiC 3H 9 +, C 6H 5 +, C 6H 7 +, C 6H 9 +, C 6H 11 +, C 6H 13 +, C 7H 7 +, C 7H 11 +, C 7H 13 +, C 8H 13 +, C 8H 11N 2 +, Si 2OC 5H 15 +, Si 3O 2C 5H 15 +, Si 3O 3C 5H 15 +, Si 3O 2C 7H 21 +, Si 4O 4C 7H 21 +, CH -, O -, CN -, C 3H 2 -, C 2HO -, C 4H -, C 2H 3O 2 -, SiO 2 -, PO 2 -, C 4H 7O -, C 3H 9N 2 -, SiO 2CH 3 -, PO 3 -, C 5H 7N -, Si 2O 3C 3H 9 -, C 14H 21O - ou Si 3O 4C 5H 15 -. Le matériau actif d'électrode négative selon la présente demande améliore les performances de cycle et les performances de sécurité d'un dispositif électrochimique.
PCT/CN2020/081609 2020-03-27 2020-03-27 Matériau actif d'électrode négative, ainsi que dispositif électrochimique et dispositif électronique comprenant celui-ci WO2021189407A1 (fr)

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PCT/CN2020/081609 WO2021189407A1 (fr) 2020-03-27 2020-03-27 Matériau actif d'électrode négative, ainsi que dispositif électrochimique et dispositif électronique comprenant celui-ci

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