WO2021179760A1 - 一种适用于内窥镜的自锁装置 - Google Patents

一种适用于内窥镜的自锁装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021179760A1
WO2021179760A1 PCT/CN2020/141409 CN2020141409W WO2021179760A1 WO 2021179760 A1 WO2021179760 A1 WO 2021179760A1 CN 2020141409 W CN2020141409 W CN 2020141409W WO 2021179760 A1 WO2021179760 A1 WO 2021179760A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gear
protrusion
self
locking device
device suitable
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PCT/CN2020/141409
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
莫文军
唐鹏
周冠华
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湖南省华芯医疗器械有限公司
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Application filed by 湖南省华芯医疗器械有限公司 filed Critical 湖南省华芯医疗器械有限公司
Priority to EP20923865.8A priority Critical patent/EP4018912B1/en
Priority to US17/765,449 priority patent/US20220409019A1/en
Priority to ES20923865T priority patent/ES2954871T3/es
Priority to JP2022512839A priority patent/JP7334889B2/ja
Publication of WO2021179760A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021179760A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/00064—Constructional details of the endoscope body
    • A61B1/00066—Proximal part of endoscope body, e.g. handles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/00002—Operational features of endoscopes
    • A61B1/00039—Operational features of endoscopes provided with input arrangements for the user
    • A61B1/00042—Operational features of endoscopes provided with input arrangements for the user for mechanical operation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/005—Flexible endoscopes
    • A61B1/0051—Flexible endoscopes with controlled bending of insertion part
    • A61B1/0052—Constructional details of control elements, e.g. handles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of medical treatment, and in particular, to a self-locking device suitable for endoscopes.
  • the endoscope As a current medical instrument, the endoscope has been widely used. While in use, medical personnel control the position of the lens of the endoscope in the human body by flipping their hands. When doing experiments or operations, they usually see the internal structure of the human body, but also pay attention to not letting go. Control of the endoscope in the hand.
  • the self-locking parts (for example, brake principle type) are easy to wear or break, so that the utilization rate of the device is low.
  • one of the objectives of the present invention is to provide a self-locking device suitable for endoscopes.
  • a self-locking device suitable for endoscopes including a connecting assembly, which includes a driven gear and a shift lever, the driven gear and the shift lever are relative to each other by a pin Cooperate;
  • Cooperate component which includes a driving gear, the driving gear and the driven gear are meshed with the shift lever.
  • the shift lever is divided into a gear connecting block and a paddle, and the gear connecting block and the paddle are integrally formed; wherein, The cross section of the gear connecting block is semi-annular, and the internal angle between the gear connecting block and the paddle is 45°-90°.
  • the driven gear includes a connecting protrusion, the connecting protrusion is provided with a limit hole; the gear connecting block is provided There is a buckle convex column, the buckle convex column is provided with a connecting hole, and the connecting hole and the limiting hole are matched with a pin; wherein the cross-sectional shape of the limiting hole is a notch
  • the hole diameter is the same as the connecting hole, and the length is greater than the hole diameter.
  • the self-locking device suitable for endoscopes of the present invention, it further includes a fixing assembly, which includes a central shaft and a positioning member, and the left limiting member is aligned with the central shaft by a bolt. Fixed; wherein the driving gear and the driven gear are sequentially sleeved on the central shaft; wherein the paddle is connected with the positioning member through a pin shaft.
  • the matching assembly further includes a gear fixing member, the gear fixing member is fixed on the central shaft, and includes a central protrusion Block and a rubber ring, the rubber ring is sleeved on the outer contour of the central raised block, and the driving gear is sleeved on the outer side of the rubber ring.
  • the connecting assembly further includes a toggle handle, one end of the toggle handle is hinged with the paddle.
  • the connecting assembly further includes a spring sheet, which is attached to the driven gear, and the spring sheet is provided with a first A protrusion, the first protrusion is matched with a surface where the buckle protrusion column on the gear connecting block and the spring sheet abuts.
  • the spring sheet further includes a second protrusion, and the second protrusion is in a straight line with the first protrusion .
  • the fixing assembly further includes a handle limiter, which is fixed on the other side of the central shaft.
  • the fixing assembly further includes a connecting shaft, and the connecting shaft passes through the toggle handle and is opposite to the handle limiter. connect.
  • the driven gear and the driving gear can be switched back and forth between the engagement and separation of the driven gear and the driving gear without the external force of the parts, which not only saves parts, but also prolongs the service life of the equipment.
  • Figure 1 is a partial exploded schematic view of a self-locking device suitable for endoscopes provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a partial exploded schematic view of another angle of a self-locking device suitable for endoscopes provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the spring sheet of a self-locking device suitable for an endoscope provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the shift lever and the spring leaf in a non-self-locking state of a self-locking device suitable for an endoscope provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the shift lever and the spring leaf in the self-locking state of the self-locking device suitable for the endoscope provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a self-locking device suitable for endoscopes provided by the present invention in a non-self-locking state;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a self-locking device suitable for an endoscope provided by the present invention in a self-locking state.
  • the "one embodiment” or “embodiment” referred to herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that can be included in at least one implementation of the present invention.
  • the appearances of "in one embodiment” in different places in this specification do not all refer to the same embodiment, nor are they separate or selectively mutually exclusive embodiments with other embodiments.
  • the present invention provides a self-locking device suitable for endoscopes.
  • the main body includes a connecting assembly 100 and a mating assembly 200, and the connecting assembly 100 and the mating assembly The components 200 interact with each other to realize self-locking and non-self-locking states.
  • the connecting assembly 100 includes a driven gear 101 and a shift lever 102.
  • the driven gear 101 and the shift lever 102 are matched by a pin 401, so that when the shift lever 102 moves, the driven gear 101 can be relative to
  • the left and right movement of the cooperating component 200 (here "left and right” is relative to the orientation in the figure.
  • the positive direction of the x-axis in the figure is defined as "right”.
  • the following uses "left” or "right” for description. Repeat), so as to achieve a self-locking state formed by mutual engagement and a non-self-locking state formed by disengaging each other.
  • the mating assembly 200 includes a driving gear 201, and the driving gear 201 and the driven gear 101 are meshed with each other through a shift lever 102.
  • the teeth of the driving gear 201 and the driven gear 101 are gears that can mesh with each other, and the teeth of the two are provided on opposite surfaces, refer to the drawings.
  • the driven gear 101 includes a connecting protrusion 101a, the connecting protrusion 101a is provided with a limiting hole 101a-1, and the cross-sectional shape of the limiting hole 101a-1 is a notch-like shape.
  • the shift lever 102 is divided into a gear connecting block 102a and a shifting piece 102b.
  • the gear connecting block 102a is provided with buckle protrusion posts 102a-1, and the recessed area between every two adjacent buckle protrusion posts 102a-1 is The connecting protrusion 101a is matched, the buckle protrusion column 102a-1 is matched with the connecting protrusion 101a (the connecting protrusion 101a is inserted into the two adjacent buckle protrusion columns 102a-1), and the buckle protrusion column
  • a connecting hole 102a-2 is provided on 102a-1, and the cross-sectional shape of the connecting hole 102a-2 is circular, and its position is communicated with the limiting hole 101a-1.
  • the number of buckle protrusions 102a-1 is preferably 4, and the number of connecting protrusions 101a is 2, refer to the figure, but the number is not limited to this, and other numbers are also available. Within the scope of this application, no examples will be given.
  • the aperture of the limiting hole 101a-1 is the same as the connecting hole 102a-2, the length of the limiting hole 101a-1 is greater than the aperture, so when the pin 401 passes through the limiting hole 101a-1 and the connecting hole 102a -2 After connecting the lever 102 and the driven gear 101, the connecting lever 102 moves up and down along the length of the limit hole 101a-1 with the pin 401 (the "up and down” here is relative to the orientation in the figure, which is To make it clear, the positive direction of the y-axis in the figure is defined as “up”, and “up” or “down” is used for description below, and will not be repeated).
  • the present invention provides a self-locking device suitable for endoscopes.
  • the difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is:
  • it also includes a fixing assembly 300, which includes a central shaft 301 and a positioning member 302.
  • the driving gear 201 and the driven gear 101 are sequentially sleeved on the central shaft 301, and the left limiting member 302 is fixed to the central shaft 301 by bolts.
  • the pick 102b is connected to the positioning member 302 through a pin 402.
  • the connecting assembly 100 includes a driven gear 101 and a shift lever 102.
  • the driven gear 101 includes a connecting protrusion 101a.
  • the connecting protrusion 101a is provided with a limiting hole 101a-1, and the horizontal of the limiting hole 101a-1
  • the shape of the cross section is a notch shape.
  • the shift lever 102 is divided into a gear connecting block 102a and a shifting piece 102b.
  • the gear connecting block 102a is provided with buckle protrusion posts 102a-1, and the recessed area between every two adjacent buckle protrusion posts 102a-1 is
  • the connecting protrusion 101a is matched
  • the snap protrusion post 102a-1 is matched with the connecting protrusion 101a
  • the snap protrusion post 102a-1 is provided with a connecting hole 102a-2
  • the cross-sectional shape of the connecting hole 102a-2 It is circular, and its position communicates with the limiting hole 101a-1.
  • the driven gear 101 and the shift lever 102 are matched by a pin 401.
  • the gear connecting block 102a and the paddle 102b are integrally formed, and the cross section of the gear connecting block 102a is semi-annular, so as to ensure that no interference occurs when the gear connecting block 102a moves up and down along the limiting hole 101a-1.
  • the internal angle between the gear connecting block 102a and the paddle 102b is 45°-90°, so that the paddle 102b can move the gear connecting block 102a and achieve the effect of saving effort.
  • the mating assembly 200 includes a driving gear 201, and the driving gear 201 and the driven gear 101 are meshed with each other through a shift lever 102.
  • the fixing assembly 300 includes a central shaft 301 and a positioning member 302.
  • the driving gear 201 and the driven gear 101 are sequentially sleeved on the central shaft 301, the left limiting member 302 is fixed to the central shaft 301 by bolts, and the paddle 102b is fixed by a pin
  • the shaft 402 is connected with the positioning member 302.
  • the pin shaft 402 is hinged to the left limiting member 302.
  • the mating assembly 200 further includes a gear fixing member 202, which is fixed on the central shaft 301, and includes a central protrusion 202a and a rubber ring 202b.
  • the rubber ring 202b It is sleeved on the outer contour of the central protrusion 202a, and the driving gear 201 is sleeved on the outer side of the rubber ring 202b.
  • the friction between the central protrusion 202a and the driving gear 201 is increased by the rubber ring 202b.
  • a limit post 202c is provided on the gear fixing member 202, and a bayonet protrusion 201a is provided on the driving gear 201.
  • the bayonet protrusion 201a cooperates with the limit post 202c to restrict the position of the driving gear 201.
  • the paddle 102b is fixed to the positioning member 302 by the pin shaft 402, so when the unfixed end of the paddle 102b is stressed, the gear connecting block 102a will center on the pin shaft 402. The other end of the gear connecting block 102a will move through the pin 401 in the limiting hole 101a-1. Therefore, in this embodiment, in order to adapt to the size and range of movement, the shape of the limiting hole 101a-1 is an arc.
  • the present invention provides a self-locking device suitable for endoscopes.
  • the difference between this embodiment and the second embodiment is:
  • the connecting assembly 100 further includes a spring sheet 103 which is attached to the driven gear 101.
  • the spring sheet 103 is provided with a first protrusion 103a, and the first protrusion 103a is connected to a pressing protrusion on the gear connecting block 102a. 102a-3 cooperate.
  • the direction in the figure is taken as an example for specific explanation.
  • the device When the pressing protrusion 102a-3 is below the first protrusion 103a, the device is in a self-locking state; when the pressing protrusion 102a-3 When it is above the first protrusion 103a, the device is in a non-self-locking state at this time.
  • the user Through the mutual cooperation of the pressing protrusions 102a-3 and the first protrusion 103a, the user can obtain a hand feeling when the gear connecting block 102a is toggled, and know when to reach the position.
  • the spring sheet 103 further includes a second protrusion 103b, and the second protrusion 103b is in a straight line with the first protrusion 103a.
  • the function of the second protrusion 103b here is to enhance the elastic potential energy on the rib where the first protrusion 103a is located.
  • the present invention provides a self-locking device suitable for endoscopes.
  • the difference between this embodiment and the third embodiment is: connecting assembly 100 It also includes a toggle handle 104, and one end of the toggle handle 104 is hinged with the paddle 102b.
  • the connecting assembly 100 includes a driven gear 101, a shift lever 102, a spring piece 103, and a toggle handle 104.
  • the driven gear 101 includes a connecting protrusion 101a, and the connecting protrusion 101a is provided with a limiting hole 101a-1, And the shape of the cross section of the limiting hole 101a-1 is notch shape and the shape is arc.
  • the shift lever 102 is divided into a gear connecting block 102a and a shifting piece 102b.
  • the gear connecting block 102a is provided with buckle protrusion posts 102a-1, and the recessed area between every two adjacent buckle protrusion posts 102a-1 is
  • the connecting protrusion 101a is matched
  • the snap protrusion post 102a-1 is matched with the connecting protrusion 101a
  • the snap protrusion post 102a-1 is provided with a connecting hole 102a-2
  • the cross-sectional shape of the connecting hole 102a-2 It is circular, and its position communicates with the limiting hole 101a-1.
  • the driven gear 101 and the shift lever 102 are matched by a pin 401.
  • the gear connecting block 102a and the paddle 102b are integrally formed, and the cross section of the gear connecting block 102a is semi-annular, so as to ensure that no interference occurs when the gear connecting block 102a moves up and down along the limiting hole 101a-1.
  • the internal angle between the gear connecting block 102a and the paddle 102b is 45°-90°, so that the paddle 102b can move the gear connecting block 102a and achieve the effect of saving effort.
  • one end of the toggle handle 104 is hinged with the paddle 102b.
  • the spring piece 103 is attached to the driven gear 101, and the spring piece 103 is provided with a first protrusion 103a, and the first protrusion 103a is matched with the pressing protrusion 102a-3 on the gear connecting block 102a.
  • the mating assembly 200 includes a driving gear 201 and a gear fixing member 202.
  • the driving gear 201 and the driven gear 101 are engaged by a shift lever 102.
  • the gear fixing member 202 is fixed on the central shaft 301 and includes a central protrusion 202a and rubber
  • the ring 202b, the rubber ring 202b is sleeved on the outer contour of the central protrusion 202a, and the driving gear 201 is sleeved on the outer side of the rubber ring 202b.
  • the fixing assembly 300 includes a central shaft 301 and a positioning member 302.
  • the driving gear 201 and the driven gear 101 are sequentially sleeved on the central shaft 301, the left limiting member 302 is fixed to the central shaft 301 by bolts, and the paddle 102b is fixed by a pin
  • the shaft 402 is connected with the positioning member 302.
  • the pin shaft 402 is hinged to the left limiting member 302.
  • the fixing assembly 300 further includes a handle limiter 304 and a connecting shaft 305.
  • the handle limiter 304 is fixed on the other side of the central shaft 301.
  • the connecting shaft 305 passes through the toggle handle 104 and is connected to the handle limiter 304. connect.
  • a limit post 202c is provided on the gear fixing member 202, and a bayonet protrusion 201a is provided on the driving gear 201.
  • the bayonet protrusion 201a cooperates with the limit post 202a to restrict the position of the driving gear 201.

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Abstract

一种适用于内窥镜的自锁装置，包括，连接组件（100），其包括从动齿轮（101）和拨杆（102），从动齿轮（101）和拨杆（102）通过销钉（401）相配合；配合组件（200），其包括主动齿轮（201），主动齿轮（201）与从动齿轮（101）通过拨杆（102）相啮合。通过从动齿轮（101）和主动齿轮（201）的咬合，实现自锁，使得自锁效果明显；通过杠杆结构的设计，不需通过零部件的外力便可使得从动齿轮（101）和主动齿轮（201）之间咬合和分开的来回切换，既节省了零部件，又增长了器械使用的寿命。

Description

一种适用于内窥镜的自锁装置 技术领域
本发明涉及医疗的技术领域，特别是，涉及一种适用于内窥镜的自锁装置。
背景技术
内窥镜作为目前的医疗仪器，已经广泛使用。而医疗人员在使用时，通过拨动拨手控制内窥镜的镜头在人体内的位置，而在做实验或者手术时，一般看看到人体内部的结构组织的同时，还要注意不能松开手上的内窥镜操控。
因此，在目前市场上的内窥镜的装置上存在几个缺陷：
(1)需要操作的医护人员一直用手按着拨手，因为不能自锁，所以使用时不方便；
(2)实现自锁的零件(例如，刹车原理式的)容易磨损或者易坏，使得装置使用率较低。
发明内容
本部分的目的在于概述本发明的实施例的一些方面以及简要介绍一些较佳实施例。在本部分以及本申请的说明书摘要和发明名称中可能会做些简化或省略以避免使本部分、说明书摘要和发明名称的目的模糊，而这种简化或省略不能用于限制本发明的范围。
鉴于上述和/或现有技术中存在的问题，提出了本发明。
因此，本发明其中一个目的是提供一种适用于内窥镜的自锁装置。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供如下技术方案：一种适用于内窥镜的自锁装置，包括，连接组件，其包括从动齿轮和拨杆，所述从动齿轮和拨杆通过销钉相配合；配合组件，其包括主动齿轮，所述主动齿轮与所述从动齿轮通过所述拨杆相啮合。
作为本发明所述适用于内窥镜的自锁装置的一种优选方案，其中：所述拨杆分为齿轮连接块和拨片，所述齿轮连接块和所述拨片一体成型；其中，所述齿轮连接块的横截面呈半环形，所述齿轮连接块与所述拨片之间内部夹角为45°￣90°。
作为本发明所述适用于内窥镜的自锁装置的一种优选方案，其中：所述从动齿轮包括连接凸起，所述连接凸起上设有限位孔；所述齿轮连接块上设有卡扣凸起柱，所述卡扣凸起柱上设有连接孔，所述连接孔与所述限位孔通过销钉 相配合；其中，所述限位孔的横截面的形状为槽口，其孔径与所述连接孔相同，长度大于所述孔径。
作为本发明所述适用于内窥镜的自锁装置的一种优选方案，其中：还包括，固定组件，其包括中心轴和定位件，所述左限位件通过螺栓与所述中心轴相固定；其中，所述主动齿轮和所述从动齿轮依次套设于所述中心轴上；其中，所述拨片通过销轴与所述定位件相连接。
作为本发明所述适用于内窥镜的自锁装置的一种优选方案，其中：所述配合组件还包括齿轮固定件，所述齿轮固定件固定于所述中心轴上，其包括中心凸起块和橡胶圈，所述橡胶圈套设于所述中心凸起块的外轮廓，所述主动齿轮套设于所述橡胶圈的外侧。
作为本发明所述适用于内窥镜的自锁装置的一种优选方案，其中：所述连接组件还包括拨动把手，所述拨动把手的一端与所述拨片相铰接。
作为本发明所述适用于内窥镜的自锁装置的一种优选方案，其中：所述连接组件还包括弹簧片，其与所述从动齿轮相贴合，所述弹簧片上设有第一凸起，所述第一凸起与所述齿轮连接块上的卡扣凸起柱与所述弹簧片相抵触的面相配合。
作为本发明所述适用于内窥镜的自锁装置的一种优选方案，其中：所述弹簧片还包括第二凸起，所述第二凸起与所述第一凸起在一条直线上。
作为本发明所述适用于内窥镜的自锁装置的一种优选方案，其中：所述固定组件还包括把手限位件，其固定在所述中心轴的另一侧。
作为本发明所述适用于内窥镜的自锁装置的一种优选方案，其中：所述固定组件还包括连接轴，所述连接轴穿过所述拨动把手与所述把手限位件相连接。
本发明的有益效果：
(1)通过从动齿轮和主动齿轮的咬合，实现自锁，使得自锁效果明显；
(2)通过杠杆结构的设计，不需通过零部件的外力便可使得从动齿轮和主动齿轮之间咬合和分开的来回切换，既节省了零部件，又增长了器械使用的寿命。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需 要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图。其中：
图1为本发明提供的一种适用于内窥镜的自锁装置的一个角度的局部爆炸示意图；
图2为本发明提供的一种适用于内窥镜的自锁装置的另一角度的局部爆炸示意图；
图3为本发明提供的一种适用于内窥镜的自锁装置的所述弹簧片的整体结构示意图；
图4为本发明提供的一种适用于内窥镜的自锁装置的非自锁状态下所述拨杆和所述弹簧片之间的位置关系的结构示意图；
图5为本发明提供的一种适用于内窥镜的自锁装置的自锁状态下所述拨杆和所述弹簧片之间的位置关系的结构示意图；
图6为本发明提供的一种适用于内窥镜的自锁装置的非自锁状态下的结构示意图；
图7为本发明提供的一种适用于内窥镜的自锁装置的自锁状态下的结构示意图。
其中：
连接组件－－100；从动齿轮－－101；连接凸起－－101a；限位孔－－101a－1；拨杆－－102；齿轮连接块－－102a；卡扣凸起柱－－102a－1；连接孔－－102a－2；压紧凸起－－102a－3；拨片－－102b；弹簧片－－103；第一凸起－－103a；第二凸起－－103b；拨动把手－－104；
配合组件－－200；主动齿轮－－201；卡口凸起－－201a；齿轮固定件－－202；中心凸起块－－202a；橡胶圈－－202b；限位柱－－202c；
固定组件－－300；中心轴－－301；定位件－－302、把手限位件－－304、连接轴－－305；
销钉－－401；销轴－－402
具体实施方式
为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂，下面结合说明书附图对本发明的具体实施方式做详细的说明。
在下面的描述中阐述了很多具体细节以便于充分理解本发明，但是本发明还可以采用其他不同于在此描述的其它方式来实施，本领域技术人员可以在不 违背本发明内涵的情况下做类似推广，因此本发明不受下面公开的具体实施例的限制。
其次，此处所称的“一个实施例”或“实施例”是指可包含于本发明至少一个实现方式中的特定特征、结构或特性。在本说明书中不同地方出现的“在一个实施例中”并非均指同一个实施例，也不是单独的或选择性的与其他实施例互相排斥的实施例。
实施例1
参照图1￣图7，本发明提供了一种适用于内窥镜的自锁装置，在本发明的第一个实施例中，其主体包括连接组件100和配合组件200，连接组件100和配合组件200两者相互作用，实现自锁和非自锁状态。
具体的，连接组件100，其包括从动齿轮101和拨杆102，从动齿轮101和拨杆102通过销钉401相配合，使得当拨动拨杆102运动时，从动齿轮101能实现相对于配合组件200的左右运动(这里的“左右”是相对于图示中的方位，为清楚表达，图中x轴正方向定义为“右”，下文采用“左”或“右”进行描述，不再赘述)，从而达到相互咬合形成自锁的状态和相互脱离形成非自锁状态。
配合组件200，其包括主动齿轮201，主动齿轮201与从动齿轮101通过拨杆102相啮合。
需要说明的是，主动齿轮201和从动齿轮101齿为能够相互咬合的齿轮，且两者的齿设于相对的面上，参考附图。
较佳的，从动齿轮101包括连接凸起101a，连接凸起101a上设有限位孔101a－1，且限位孔101a－1的横截面的形状为槽口状。
拨杆102分为齿轮连接块102a和拨片102b，齿轮连接块102a上设有卡扣凸起柱102a－1，每两个相邻的卡扣凸起柱102a－1之间的凹陷区与连接凸起101a相配合，卡扣凸起柱102a－1与连接凸起101a相配合(连接凸起101a插入到相邻的两个卡扣凸起柱102a－1内)，卡扣凸起柱102a－1上设有连接孔102a－2，连接孔102a－2的横截面的形状为圆形，且其位置与限位孔101a－1相通。
优选的，为了保证连接的稳定性，卡扣凸起柱102a－1的数量优选为4个，连接凸起101a的数量为2个，参考图示，但是数量不仅限于此，其他数量也均在本申请的范围内，不做一一示例。
需要说明的是，虽然限位孔101a－1的孔径与连接孔102a－2相同，但是限位孔101a－1的长度大于孔径，因此当销钉401穿过限位孔101a－1和连接孔102a－2连接拨杆102和从动齿轮101后，连接拨杆102随着销钉401沿着限位孔101a－1的长度方向上下运动(这里的“上下”是相对于图示中的方位，为清楚表达，图中y轴正方向定义为“上”，下文采用“上”或“下”进行描述，不再赘述)。
实施例2
参照图1￣图7，本发明提供了一种适用于内窥镜的自锁装置，在本发明的第二个实施例中，该实施例不同于第一个实施例的是：在本实施例中，还包括固定组件300，其包括中心轴301和定位件302，主动齿轮201和从动齿轮101依次套设于中心轴301上，左限位件302通过螺栓与中心轴301相固定，拨片102b通过销轴402与定位件302相连接。
具体的，连接组件100，其包括从动齿轮101和拨杆102，从动齿轮101包括连接凸起101a，连接凸起101a上设有限位孔101a－1，且限位孔101a－1的横截面的形状为槽口状。拨杆102分为齿轮连接块102a和拨片102b，齿轮连接块102a上设有卡扣凸起柱102a－1，每两个相邻的卡扣凸起柱102a－1之间的凹陷区与连接凸起101a相配合，卡扣凸起柱102a－1与连接凸起101a相配合，卡扣凸起柱102a－1上设有连接孔102a－2，连接孔102a－2的横截面的形状为圆形，且其位置与限位孔101a－1相通。从动齿轮101和拨杆102通过销钉401相配合。
较佳的，齿轮连接块102a和拨片102b一体成型，齿轮连接块102a的横截面呈半环形，从而确保当齿轮连接块102a沿着限位孔101a－1上下运动时，不会产生干涉。齿轮连接块102a与拨片102b之间内部夹角为45°￣90°，使得拨动拨片102b便可以使得齿轮连接块102a运动，且达到省力的作用。
配合组件200，其包括主动齿轮201，主动齿轮201与从动齿轮101通过拨杆102相啮合。
固定组件300，其包括中心轴301和定位件302，主动齿轮201和从动齿轮101依次套设于中心轴301上，左限位件302通过螺栓与中心轴301相固定，拨片102b通过销轴402与定位件302相连接。
优选的，销轴402与左限位件302相铰接。
为了避免主动齿轮201移位，在本实施例中，配合组件200还包括齿轮固定件202，齿轮固定件202固定于中心轴301上，其包括中心凸起块202a和橡 胶圈202b，橡胶圈202b套设于中心凸起块202a的外轮廓，主动齿轮201套设于橡胶圈202b的外侧。通过橡胶圈202b增大中心凸起块202a和主动齿轮201的摩擦。
较佳的，齿轮固定件202上设有限位柱202c，主动齿轮201上设有卡口凸起201a，卡口凸起201a与限位柱202c相配合，对主动齿轮201的位置进行约束。
需要注意的是，在本实施例中，拨片102b通过销轴402与定位件302固定，因此当拨片102b未固定的一端受力后，齿轮连接块102a会以销轴402为旋转中心，齿轮连接块102a的另一端会通过销钉401在限位孔101a－1运动，因此，在本实施例中，为了适应尺寸和活动范围，限位孔101a－1的形状为弧形。
工作原理：拉动拨片102b未固定的一端，齿轮连接块102a绕着销轴402旋转，同时，齿轮连接块102a通过销钉401沿着限位孔101a－1滑动。其中，当销钉401运动到图中的限位孔101a－1的下方(最底端)时，主动齿轮201和从动齿轮101相互啮合，此时装置实现自锁。当销钉401运动到图中的限位孔101a－1的上方(最顶端)时，主动齿轮201和从动齿轮101脱离啮合，此时装置脱离自锁。
实施例3
参照图1￣图7，本发明提供了一种适用于内窥镜的自锁装置，在本发明的第三个实施例中，该实施例不同于第二个实施例的是：在本实施例中，连接组件100还包括弹簧片103，其与从动齿轮101相贴合，弹簧片103上设有第一凸起103a，第一凸起103a与齿轮连接块102a上的压紧凸起102a－3相配合。
为了便于理解，以图示中的方向为例具体做阐述，当压紧凸起102a－3在第一凸起103a的下方时，此时装置处于自锁状态；当压紧凸起102a－3在第一凸起103a的上方时，此时装置处于非自锁状态。通过压紧凸起102a－3和第一凸起103a的相互配合，使得使用者在拨动齿轮连接块102a时获得手感，知道什么时候达到位置。
优选的，弹簧片103还包括第二凸起103b，第二凸起103b与第一凸起103a在一条直线上。这里第二凸起103b的作用是为了增强第一凸起103a所在筋上的弹性势能。
实施例4
参照图1￣图7，本发明提供了一种适用于内窥镜的自锁装置，在本发明的第四个实施例中，该实施例不同于第三个实施例的是：连接组件100还包括拨动把手104，拨动把手104的一端与拨片102b相铰接。
具体的，连接组件100，其包括从动齿轮101、拨杆102、弹簧片103和拨动把手104，从动齿轮101包括连接凸起101a，连接凸起101a上设有限位孔101a－1，且限位孔101a－1的横截面的形状为槽口状且形状为弧形。拨杆102分为齿轮连接块102a和拨片102b，齿轮连接块102a上设有卡扣凸起柱102a－1，每两个相邻的卡扣凸起柱102a－1之间的凹陷区与连接凸起101a相配合，卡扣凸起柱102a－1与连接凸起101a相配合，卡扣凸起柱102a－1上设有连接孔102a－2，连接孔102a－2的横截面的形状为圆形，且其位置与限位孔101a－1相通。从动齿轮101和拨杆102通过销钉401相配合。
较佳的，齿轮连接块102a和拨片102b一体成型，齿轮连接块102a的横截面呈半环形，从而确保当齿轮连接块102a沿着限位孔101a－1上下运动时，不会产生干涉。齿轮连接块102a与拨片102b之间内部夹角为45°￣90°，使得拨动拨片102b便可以使得齿轮连接块102a运动，且达到省力的作用。
其中，拨动把手104的一端与拨片102b相铰接。
弹簧片103与从动齿轮101相贴合，弹簧片103上设有第一凸起103a，第一凸起103a与齿轮连接块102a上的压紧凸起102a－3相配合。
配合组件200，其包括主动齿轮201和齿轮固定件202，主动齿轮201与从动齿轮101通过拨杆102相啮合，齿轮固定件202固定于中心轴301上，其包括中心凸起块202a和橡胶圈202b，橡胶圈202b套设于中心凸起块202a的外轮廓，主动齿轮201套设于橡胶圈202b的外侧。
固定组件300，其包括中心轴301和定位件302，主动齿轮201和从动齿轮101依次套设于中心轴301上，左限位件302通过螺栓与中心轴301相固定，拨片102b通过销轴402与定位件302相连接。
优选的，销轴402与左限位件302相铰接。
较佳的，固定组件300还包括把手限位件304和连接轴305，把手限位件304固定在中心轴301的另一侧，连接轴305穿过拨动把手104与把手限位件304相连接。
较佳的，齿轮固定件202上设有限位柱202c，主动齿轮201上设有卡口凸 起201a，卡口凸起201a与限位柱202a相配合，对主动齿轮201的位置进行约束。
工作原理：滑动拨动把手104，使得拨动把手104到图示的最左侧，此时销钉401运动到图中的限位孔101a－1的下方(最底端)时，主动齿轮201和从动齿轮101相互啮合，此时装置实现自锁。滑动拨动把手104，使得拨动把手104到图示的最右侧，此时销钉401运动到图中的限位孔101a－1的上方(最顶端)时，主动齿轮201和从动齿轮101脱离啮合，此时装置脱离自锁。通过杠杆结构的设计，不需通过零部件的外力便可使得从动齿轮和主动齿轮之间咬合和分开的来回切换，既节省了零部件，又增长了器械使用的寿命。
应说明的是，以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制，尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换，而不脱离本发明技术方案的精神和范围，其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种适用于内窥镜的自锁装置，其特征在于：包括，
    连接组件(100)，其包括从动齿轮(101)和拨杆(102)，所述从动齿轮(101)和拨杆(102)通过销钉(401)相配合；
    配合组件(200)，其包括主动齿轮(201)，所述主动齿轮(201)与所述从动齿轮(101)通过所述拨杆(102)相啮合。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的适用于内窥镜的自锁装置，其特征在于：所述拨杆(102)分为齿轮连接块(102a)和拨片(102b)，所述齿轮连接块(102a)和所述拨片(102b)一体成型；
    其中，所述齿轮连接块(102a)的横截面呈半环形，所述齿轮连接块(102a)与所述拨片(102b)之间内部夹角为45°￣90°。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的适用于内窥镜的自锁装置，其特征在于：所述从动齿轮(101)包括连接凸起(101a)，所述连接凸起(101a)上设有限位孔(101a－1)；
    所述齿轮连接块(102a)上设有卡扣凸起柱(102a－1)，所述卡扣凸起柱(102a－1)上设有连接孔(102a－2)，所述连接孔(102a－2)与所述限位孔(101a－1)通过销钉(401)相配合；
    其中，所述限位孔(101a－1)的横截面的形状为槽口，其孔径与所述连接孔(102a－2)相同，长度大于所述孔径。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的适用于内窥镜的自锁装置，其特征在于：还包括，
    固定组件(300)，其包括中心轴(301)和定位件(302)，所述左限位件(302)通过螺栓与所述中心轴(301)相固定；
    其中，所述主动齿轮(201)和所述从动齿轮(101)依次套设于所述中心轴(301)上；
    其中，所述拨片(102b)通过销轴(402)与所述定位件(302)相连接。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的适用于内窥镜的自锁装置，其特征在于：所述配合组件(200)还包括齿轮固定件(202)，所述齿轮固定件(202)固定于所述中心轴(301)上，其包括中心凸起块(202a)和橡胶圈(202b)，所述橡胶圈(202b)套设于所述中心凸起块(202a)的外轮廓，所述主动齿轮(201)套设于所述橡胶圈(202b)的外侧。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的适用于内窥镜的自锁装置，其特征在于：所述连接组件(100)还包括拨动把手(104)，所述拨动把手(104)的一端与所述拨片 (102b)相铰接。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的适用于内窥镜的自锁装置，其特征在于：所述连接组件(100)还包括弹簧片(103)，其与所述从动齿轮(101)相贴合，所述弹簧片(103)上设有第一凸起(103a)，所述第一凸起(103a)与所述齿轮连接块(102a)上的卡扣凸起柱(102a－2)与所述弹簧片(103)相抵触的面相配合。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的适用于内窥镜的自锁装置，其特征在于：所述弹簧片(103)还包括第二凸起(103b)，所述第二凸起(103b)与所述第一凸起(103a)在一条直线上。
  9. 根据权利要求4￣8任一所述的适用于内窥镜的自锁装置，其特征在于：所述固定组件(300)还包括把手限位件(304)，其固定在所述中心轴(301)的另一侧。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的适用于内窥镜的自锁装置，其特征在于：所述固定组件(300)还包括连接轴(305)，所述连接轴(305)穿过所述拨动把手(104)与所述把手限位件(304)相连接。
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