WO2021179103A1 - 新传动结构自行车 - Google Patents

新传动结构自行车 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021179103A1
WO2021179103A1 PCT/CN2020/000330 CN2020000330W WO2021179103A1 WO 2021179103 A1 WO2021179103 A1 WO 2021179103A1 CN 2020000330 W CN2020000330 W CN 2020000330W WO 2021179103 A1 WO2021179103 A1 WO 2021179103A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
chain
sleeve
shaft
bicycle
rod
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/000330
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
付俊杰
Original Assignee
付俊杰
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202010171403.8A external-priority patent/CN111268015A/zh
Priority claimed from CN202021462708.6U external-priority patent/CN216332573U/zh
Priority claimed from CN202011082798.0A external-priority patent/CN112173001A/zh
Application filed by 付俊杰 filed Critical 付俊杰
Publication of WO2021179103A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021179103A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M1/00—Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles
    • B62M1/12—Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles operated by both hand and foot power
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M1/00—Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles
    • B62M1/24—Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles with reciprocating levers, e.g. foot levers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M1/00—Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles
    • B62M1/24—Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles with reciprocating levers, e.g. foot levers
    • B62M1/32—Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles with reciprocating levers, e.g. foot levers characterised by directly driving the wheel axle, e.g. by using a ratchet wheel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M9/00—Transmissions characterised by use of an endless chain, belt, or the like
    • B62M9/02—Transmissions characterised by use of an endless chain, belt, or the like of unchangeable ratio

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of bicycles, and refers to a bicycle with a new transmission structure that can be stepped up and down.
  • the present invention uses rack and pinion, one-way bearing transmission combination, chain rod and sprocket, one-way bearing transmission combination, chain rod and flywheel transmission combination, respectively, and the rack or chain rod in each transmission combination is cleverly connected to the two In the middle of the pedal rod, the pedal rod swings around the pedal shaft (fulcrum) arranged behind the rear wheel of the bicycle, driving the gear, flywheel or sprocket to rotate, and linking the two pedal rods to make a labor-saving bicycle that moves up and down.
  • This kind of bicycle can overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings in the prior art.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • Embodiment 4 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the seventh embodiment of the present invention.
  • a rack and pinion, and one-way bearing combined transmission bicycle mainly includes: frame 1, three racks 2, 3, 4, step 5, 6, limit shaft 7 , Bearing 8, sleeve 9, rear axle 10, one-way bearing 11, two gears 12, 13, pedal shaft 14, pin shaft 15, frame 1 extends behind the rear wheel of the bicycle, and pedal shaft 14 is arranged in Behind the rear wheel of the bicycle, both ends of the pedal shaft 14 are connected to the frame 1, and the rear shaft 10 is also fixed to the frame 1.
  • the two gears 12 and 13 are respectively connected side by side to the sleeve 9 by one-way bearings 11, The rotation of the two one-way bearings is the same.
  • the sleeve 9 is fixedly connected to the rear wheel of the bicycle.
  • the rear wheel is sleeved on the rear axle 10.
  • One end of the step rod 6 is provided with a shaft sleeve, which is sleeved on the pedal shaft 14.
  • the other end of the step rod 6 is connected with a pedal
  • the lower ends of the two racks 2, 3 are hinged on the left and right sides of the middle of the step rod 6 with a pin
  • one end of the step rod 5 is also provided with a bushing
  • This bushing is also sleeved on the pedal shaft 14,
  • the other end of the pedal rod 5 is also connected with a pedal
  • the lower end of the rack 4 is hinged on the right side of the middle of the pedal rod 5 with a pin shaft 15, and the rack 2 is at the rear
  • the rear side of the shaft 10 meshes with the gear 13,
  • the rack 3 meshes with the gear 12 on the front side of the rear shaft 10
  • the rack 4 meshes with the gear 13 on the front side of the rear shaft 10
  • the step rod 6 swings downward to drive the racks 2 and 3 to move downwards.
  • the gear 12 meshing with the rack 3 rotates clockwise.
  • the driving sleeve 9, the rear wheel of the bicycle rotates, and the bicycle moves forward.
  • the gear 13 meshing with the rack 2 rotates counterclockwise, and the other rack 4 meshing with the gear 13 goes up, driving the pedal 5 to swing upward; if the pedal 5 swings downward, the rack 4 moves downward, and The gear 13 meshed by the rack 4 rotates clockwise.
  • the driving sleeve 9, the rear wheel of the bicycle rotates, and the bicycle moves forward.
  • the rack can be either curved or linear. When using a linear rack, the gap between the bearing on the limit shaft and the rack needs to be increased.
  • a flywheel and chain rod combined transmission bicycle mainly includes: frame 21, three chain rods 22, 23, 24, left and right pedal rods 25, 26, limit shaft 27, Bearing 28, sleeve 29, rear axle 30, two flywheels 31, 33, ferrule 32, the chain rod is welded by strut 42, chain 41 at the contact point E of the two, strut 42 is straight Or arc shape, its cross-section is rectangular, and the welded chain rod is also linear or arc shape correspondingly, making the chain rod similar to a rack or toothed rod.
  • the other kind of chain rod is composed of a grooved rod 39 and a chain pin. 40 is connected or welded.
  • the grooved rod 39 is a square rod with a groove in the length direction.
  • the chain is set in this groove. Tighten the chain, the two groove walls of the groove rod respectively contact the two sides of the chain to limit the lateral movement of the chain, and the bottom of the groove is also in contact with the chain; the rear axle 30 is fixedly connected to the bicycle frame 21, and the frame 21 extends to Behind the rear wheel of the bicycle, the pedal shaft 36 is arranged behind the rear wheel of the bicycle, and its two ends are connected with the frame 21.
  • the sleeve 29 is fixedly connected to the right end of the rear wheel hub.
  • the two flywheels 31, 33 are threadedly connected to the sleeve 29 side by side, the sleeve 32 is sleeved on the sleeve 9 and is located between the two flywheels, and the right lever
  • the shaft sleeve at one end of 26 is sleeved on the pedal shaft 36 behind the rear wheel, and the other end is connected with a foot pedal.
  • the lower ends of the two chain rods 22 and 23 are hinged on the middle of the right pedal rod 26 by pin shafts 38 to the left and right.
  • one end of the left pedal 25 is fixedly connected with a shaft sleeve 35, which is also sleeved on the pedal shaft 36, the other end of the left pedal 25 is also connected with a foot pedal, and the lower end of the chain rod 24 uses a pin 38 Hinged on the right side of the middle of the left pedal 25, the chain on the chain lever 22 meshes with the gear teeth of the flywheel 33 behind the rear axle 30, and the chain on the chain lever 23 meshes with the gear teeth of the flywheel 31 on the front side of the rear axle 30, The chain on the chain rod 24 also meshes with the gear teeth of the flywheel 33 on the front side of the rear axle 30.
  • the flywheel 33 meshes with the chains on the two chain rods 22 and 24.
  • the left and right pedal rods 25 and 26 can go around the pedal shaft 36. Swing, one end of the limit shaft 27 is fixed on the frame 21, and the outer circle of the bearing 28 sleeved on the limit shaft 27 contacts the support rod or grooved rod on the chain rod to limit the chain rods 22, 23, and 24 respectively.
  • the reinforcement rod 34 is arranged on the left side of the rear wheel, one end of which is fixed on the sleeve 35, and the other end is fixedly connected with the left pedal 25 by a connecting rod 37, and forms an integral frame with the left pedal 25 to increase the left pedal 25
  • the rigidity and load-bearing capacity of the rectangular frame 43 is hung on the frame to limit the downward swing range of the two pedals.
  • the right pedal 26 swings downward to drive the chain rods 22 and 23 to move downwards.
  • the flywheel 31 engaged with the chain on the chain rod 23 rotates clockwise, the driving sleeve 29 and the rear wheel of the bicycle rotate. 22.
  • the flywheel 33 engaged with the upper chain rotates counterclockwise, and the other chain rod 24 engaged with the flywheel 33 moves up, driving the left pedal 25 to swing upward; if the left pedal 25 swings downward, the chain rod 24 moves downward, and
  • the flywheel 33 engaged with the chain on the chain rod 24 rotates clockwise, the driving sleeve 29, the rear wheel of the bicycle rotates, the bicycle moves forward, and the chain rod 22 meshed with the flywheel 33 moves upward, driving the right pedal 26 to swing upward, and the chain rod 23
  • the upward movement drives the flywheel 31 to rotate counterclockwise, so that while driving the bicycle forward, the left and right levers 25 and 26 are linked upward and one downward.
  • the chain rod is the same as in the second embodiment, two flywheels 54, 53 are fixedly connected to the left and right ends of the rear wheel hub, Two pedal rods 59 and 57 are also arranged on the left and right sides of the rear wheel.
  • the chain rod 56 is connected to the right pedal rod 57.
  • the chain on the chain rod 56 and the gear teeth of the right flywheel 53 are on the front side of the rear axle.
  • the chain lever 52 is connected to the linkage lever 58, and the chain on the chain lever 52 meshes with the gear teeth of the right flywheel 53 behind the rear axle.
  • the chain lever 55 is connected to the left pedal 59.
  • the chain meshes with the gear teeth of the left flywheel 54 at the front of the rear axle.
  • the linkage rod 58, the shaft sleeve 60, the step rod 59, and the connecting rod 61 are fixedly connected to form an integrated frame.
  • the rear axle is fixedly connected to the frame.
  • the flywheel 54 can be left-handed The thread is fixedly connected with the rear wheel.
  • the right pedal 57 swings downward to drive the chain lever 56 to move downwards, the flywheel 53 rotates clockwise, driving the rear wheel of the bicycle to rotate, the bicycle moves forward, the same pair of chain levers 52 meshing with the flywheel 53 move upwards, driving the linkage lever 58 upwards Swing, the left pedal 59 integrated with the linkage lever 58 swings upward, the chain rod 55 connected to the left pedal 59 moves upward, and the flywheel 54 rotates counterclockwise; if the left pedal 59 swings downward, the chain rod 55 Moving downward, the flywheel 54 rotates clockwise, driving the rear wheel of the bicycle to rotate, and the bicycle moves forward.
  • the flywheel used is an existing bicycle or electric bicycle chain drive flywheel, which is easy to purchase and reliable general standard parts, which makes the transmission part compact, reliable, and cost-reduced, and this structure does not require high use environment .
  • the fourth embodiment of the present invention a sprocket, a chain rod, and a one-way bearing combined transmission bicycle, with a clutch used when reversing, the chain rod used is the same as that in the second embodiment, mainly including: a frame 71.
  • the circumferential part of the connecting plate 83 is provided with a gap, and the sleeve 79 is sleeved on the shaft sleeve 80 ,
  • the key bar 82 is fixed in the key groove at one end of the sleeve 79
  • the connecting sleeve 84 is sleeved on the cylinder of the sleeve 79
  • the hole is provided with a key groove to cooperate with the key bar 82
  • a protrusion D is provided at one end of the connecting sleeve 84
  • the two sprockets 87 and 88 are respectively connected side by side with the sleeve 79 with one-way bearings 86, the rotation of the two one-way bearings is the same in the reverse direction
  • the shaft sleeve at one end of the right pedal 76 is sleeved on the pedal behind the rear wheel
  • the shaft 89 is connected with a pedal at the other end.
  • the lower ends of the two chain rods 72 and 73 are respectively hinged on the left and right sides of the middle of the right pedal 76 with a pin 90.
  • the shaft sleeve at one end of the left pedal 75 is also sleeved on
  • the pedal shaft 89 is also connected to the other end of the pedal.
  • the lower end of the chain rod 74 is hinged on the right side of the middle of the left pedal rod 75 with a pin 90.
  • the chain on the chain rod 72 is connected to the sprocket behind the rear shaft 81 88 meshes, the chain on the chain rod 73 meshes with the sprocket 87 on the front side of the rear shaft 81, and the chain on the chain rod 74 meshes with the sprocket 88 on the front side of the rear shaft 81.
  • the sprocket 88 is simultaneously engaged with the two chain rods 72
  • the chains on, 74 are engaged, the left and right pedals 75, 76 can swing around the pedal shaft 89, one end of the limit shaft 77 is fixed on the frame 71, and the outer circle of the bearing 78 fitted on the limit shaft 77 is connected to the chain
  • the support rods on the rods contact to limit the chain rods 72, 73, and 74 respectively.
  • the fork shaft 96 is fixed on the frame 71, the two fork teeth of the fork 97 are symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower sides of the rear axle 81, and the ends of the two fork teeth are respectively provided with holes, and the holes are respectively sleeved on the fork At both ends of the shaft 96, the middle of the two prongs is provided with a protrusion F.
  • the other end of the shift fork 97 is connected to one end of the brake cable 98 of the bicycle.
  • the positioning piece G of the brake cable is fixed on the frame 71, and the shift fork
  • the brake cable 98 between 97 and the brake cable positioning piece G is fitted with a return spring 99.
  • the other end of the brake cable 98 is connected to the brake handle.
  • the brake handle can be set under the seat or at the front of the car. Under the action of the spring 85, the protrusion D on the connecting sleeve 84 is inserted into the notch on the connecting disc 83, so that the sleeve 79 (through the connecting sleeve 84 and the connecting disc 83) is connected with the axle sleeve 80 and the rear wheel of the bicycle into one body. The rear wheel rotates together with the sleeve 79.
  • the principle of driving the bicycle to move and linking the left and right pedal rods is the same as that of the second embodiment.
  • the right pedal rod 76 swings downward to drive the chain rods 72 and 73 to move down.
  • the sprocket 87 engaged with the chain on the chain rod 73 clockwise Under the action of the one-way bearing, the driving sleeve 79 and the rear wheel of the bicycle rotate, and the bicycle moves forward.
  • the sprocket 88 meshing with the chain on the chain rod 72 rotates counterclockwise, and the other chain meshing with the sprocket 88
  • the rod 74 moves upward to drive the left pedal 75 to swing upward; if the left pedal 75 swings downward, the chain rod 74 moves downward, and the sprocket 88 meshing with the chain on the chain rod 74 rotates clockwise, acting as a one-way bearing
  • the driving sleeve 79 and the rear wheel of the bicycle rotate, the bicycle moves forward.
  • the chain rod 72 meshed with the sprocket 88 moves upward, driving the right pedal 76 to swing upward, so that while driving the bicycle forward, the left side is also realized.
  • the right levers 75 and 76 are linked up and down.
  • the sleeve 79 and the shaft sleeve 80 is disconnected, the bushing 80 fixed on the rear wheel is in a free state, and the bicycle can be reversed.
  • This clutch can be used to deal with the problem that this kind of bicycle cannot be reversed.
  • the brake lever is released, the brake wire 98 is loose and is in the return position Pushed by the spring 99, the protrusion F on the shift fork 97 leaves the end surface C of the connecting sleeve 84, and the rear wheel rotates slightly (the connecting disc 83 rotates).
  • the protrusion D on the connecting sleeve 84 enters the connection again.
  • the notch on the disc 83 and the sleeve 79 are connected with the shaft sleeve 80 and the rear wheel of the bicycle into one body, so that the bicycle can be ridden normally.
  • the fifth embodiment of the present invention a bicycle with sprocket, chain rod, and one-way bearing combined transmission, with a clutch used when reversing, the chain rod is also the same as that in the second embodiment, and the bicycle rear axle 103 and The rear wheel is fixedly connected, the rear axle can be rotated (on the frame), the sleeve 104 (replacing the two parts 79 and 80 in the fourth embodiment) is sleeved on the rear axle 103, and the rear axle is fixedly connected with the connecting plate (using Thread, etc.), the connecting sleeve and the connecting plate fitted on the sleeve 104 together make the sleeve 104 and the rear axle 103 separate and close, so that the bicycle can retreat and ride; the screw 105 and the limit shaft are fixed by the connecting plate 106 Connection, so that the limit shaft is not easy to tilt when force is applied to increase rigidity.
  • electric power can be input at the end P of the rear axle 103, and the sensing element can be set at the position Q of the rear bracket close to the rear axle, where it is elastically deformed after being stressed. Larger, easy to get the induction signal.
  • FIG. 6 which is the sixth embodiment of the present invention, which mainly includes: a frame 121, a pedal shaft 116, a rear axle (or bushing) 117, left and right pedals 120, 119, and two arc-shaped teeth Bars 118, 114, two gears 112, 113, pillars 124, limit rod 122, shift lever 123, the rear axle 117 is connected to the frame 121, the frame 121 extends to the rear of the rear wheel, and the pedal shaft 116 is set in Behind the rear wheel of the bicycle, the two ends of the pedal shaft 116 are respectively connected to the two sides of the frame 121, the pedal rods 120 and 119 are arranged on both sides of the rear wheel of the bicycle, and the two arc-shaped racks 118 and 114 are respectively fixed on the left and In the middle of the right side levers 120 and 119, the shaft sleeves at each end of the levers 120 and 119 are sleeved on the lever shaft 116 to be hinged to it, and the racks
  • the two pedals are connected to the pedal with a flat hole d at one end.
  • One end of the pillar 124 is fixed to the frame 121 and is arranged in the middle of the shift lever 123.
  • the shift rod 123 can swing around the pillar 124, and the two ends of the shift rod respectively pass through the flat holes d on the left and right pedal rods 120 and 119, and can slide in the two flat holes, with an inverted T-shaped limit.
  • the position lever 122 is fixed on the frame 121, and when the two pedals alternately swing downward to a certain angle, they will be blocked by the limit lever 122 respectively to limit the downward swing range of the two pedals.
  • the frame extends to the rear of the rear wheel of the bicycle, and its two sides are connected together behind the rear wheel.
  • the difference from the sixth embodiment above is that the two short shafts of the pedal 125 is arranged behind the rear axle 127, and is fixedly connected to the frame 126 on both sides of the rear wheel, respectively.
  • the holes at one end of the two pedals are hinged with the two short axles 125 respectively.
  • Flywheel and chain rod transmission combination can increase reliability by thickening gear teeth and selecting a larger load-bearing chain.
  • Each transmission combination can be used for bicycles with fixed rear axles and rear axles. Axle spinning bicycle.
  • Two racks or two chain rods can be connected to either the right lever or the left lever, which can be handled reasonably and flexibly according to actual conditions.
  • Bearings can be installed between the step shaft and the shaft sleeve (on the step shaft) sleeved on the step shaft, and between the rack or chain rod and the pin shaft connected to it to reduce the frictional resistance during rotation.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Automatic Cycles, And Cycles In General (AREA)

Abstract

一种自行车，包括：车架（1）、三根齿条（2，3，4）、两根踏杆（5，6）、限位轴（7）、轴承（8）、套筒（9）、后轴（10）、单向轴承（11）、齿轮（12，13）、踏杆轴（14），车架（1）延伸到自行车后轮的后面，踏杆轴（14）在自行车后轮的后面与车架（1）连接，两个齿轮（12，13）分别用单向轴承（11）并排连接在套筒（9）上，套筒（9）与自行车后轮固定连接，两根踏杆（5，6）各自一端的轴套都套装在踏杆轴（14）上，两根齿条（2，3）的下端铰接在踏杆（6）中部左、右两侧，另一根齿条（4）的下端铰接在踏杆（5）中部的右侧，齿条（2）在后轴（10）的后边与齿轮（13）啮合，齿条（3）在后轴的前边与齿轮（12）啮合，齿条（4）在后轴的前边与齿轮（13）啮合，限位轴（7）的一端固定在车架（1）上，和轴承（8）一起使齿条限位。

Description

新传动结构自行车 技术领域：
本发明涉及自行车领域，是指一种新传动结构、上下踩动的自行车。
背景技术：
目前，在自行车等脚踏车技术领域，大部分都是使用链、链轮传动结构，通过往复绕圈的踏踩动作骑行。这种踏踩动作施加力量的利用率较低；且骑行者上车前，因脚踏的位置不确定，容易碰到腿脚，而且要在骑车之前把脚踏拨动到合适位置，才能起动，比较麻烦。
发明内容：
本发明分别使用了齿条和齿轮以及单向轴承传动组合、链条杆和链轮以及单向轴承传动组合、链条杆和飞轮传动组合，各个传动组合中的齿条或链条杆巧妙地连接在两根踏杆的中部，踏杆绕设置在自行车后轮后边的踏杆轴(支点)摆动，带动齿轮、飞轮或链轮转动，并使两根踏杆联动，做成上下踩动的省力自行车，这种自行车可以克服上述现有技术中的不足之处。
附图说明：
图1是本发明之实施例一结构示意图；
图2是本发明之实施例二结构示意图；
图3是本发明之实施例三结构示意图；
图4是本发明之实施例四结构示意图；
图5是本发明之实施例五结构示意图；
图6是本发明之实施例六结构示意图；
图7是本发明之实施例七结构示意图。
见附图1，本发明之实施例一，齿条和齿轮、单向轴承组合传动自行车，主要包括：车架1、三根齿条2、3、4、踏杆5、6、限位轴7、轴承8、套筒9、后轴10、单向轴承11、两个齿轮12、13、踏杆轴14、销轴15，车架1延伸到自行车后轮的后面，踏杆轴14设置在自行车后轮的后面，踏杆轴14两端连接在车架1上，后轴10也固定在车架1上，两个齿 轮12、13分别用单向轴承11并排连接在套筒9上，两个单向轴承的转动逆止方向相同，套筒9与自行车后轮固定连接，后轮套装在后轴10上，踏杆6的一端设有轴套，此轴套套装在踏杆轴14上，踏杆6的另一端连接有脚踏板，两根齿条2、3的下端用销轴15铰接在踏杆6中部的左、右两侧，踏杆5的一端也设有轴套，此轴套也套装在踏杆轴14上，踏杆5的另一端也连接有脚踏板，齿条4的下端用销轴15铰接在踏杆5中部的右侧，齿条2在后轴10的后边与齿轮13啮合，齿条3在后轴10的前边与齿轮12啮合，齿条4在后轴10的前边与齿轮13啮合，齿轮13的前、后有两根齿条4、2与其啮合，踏杆5、6可绕踏杆轴14摆动，限位轴7的一端固定在车架1上，套装在限位轴7上的轴承8使齿条限位。
踏杆6向下摆动，带动齿条2、3向下移动，与齿条3啮合的齿轮12顺时针转动，在单向轴承的作用下，驱动套筒9、自行车后轮转动，自行车前行，与齿条2啮合的齿轮13逆时针空转，与齿轮13啮合的另一根齿条4上行，带动踏杆5向上摆动；若踏杆5向下摆动，则齿条4向下移动，与齿条4啮合的齿轮13顺时针转动，在单向轴承的作用下，驱动套筒9、自行车后轮转动，自行车前行，同时与齿轮13啮合的齿条2上移，带动踏杆6向上摆动，连接在踏杆6上的齿条3上移带动与其啮合的齿轮12逆时针空转，这样在驱动自行车前行的同时，也实现了两个踏杆5、6一个向上另一个则向下摆动的联动。
齿条既可用弧形的，也可用直线形的，用直线形齿条时，限位轴上的轴承与齿条之间的间隙需要加大一些。
见附图2，本发明之实施例二，飞轮和链条杆组合传动自行车，主要包括：车架21、三根链条杆22、23、24、左、右踏杆25、26、限位轴27、轴承28、套筒29、后轴30、两个飞轮31、33、套圈32，链条杆是由撑杆42、链条41在两者接触处E多点焊接而成，撑杆42是直线形或弧形，其断面是矩形，焊接而成的链条杆相应也呈直线形或弧形，使链条杆类似于齿条或齿杆，另一种链条杆是由槽杆39和链条用销轴40连接或焊接而成，槽杆39是方形杆，在长度方向上设有槽，链条设置在此槽内，链条的两头分别与槽杆39的两端用销轴40连接或焊接在一起，使链条拉紧，槽杆的两槽壁分别与链条的两个侧面接触限制链条的侧向移动，槽底也与链条接触；后轴30固定连接在自行车车架21上，车架21延伸到自行车后轮的后面，踏杆轴36设置在自行车后轮的后面，其两端与车架21连接，套筒29固定连接在后轮花鼓的右端，套筒的外圆设有螺纹(把现有自行车花鼓上安装飞轮的螺纹套加长也可以)，两个飞轮31、33并排用螺纹连接在套筒29上，套圈32套装在套筒9上、位于两个飞轮之间，右踏杆26一端的轴套套装在位于后轮后面的踏杆轴36上，另一端连接有脚踏板，两根链条杆22、23的下端用销轴38分别铰接在右踏杆26中部左、右侧，左踏杆25的一端固定连接有轴套35，此轴套也套装在踏杆轴36上，左踏杆25的另 一端也连接有脚踏板，链条杆24的下端用销轴38铰接在左踏杆25中部右侧，链条杆22上的链条在后轴30的后边与飞轮33的轮齿啮合，链条杆23上的链条在后轴30的前边与飞轮31的轮齿啮合，链条杆24上的链条在后轴30的前边也与飞轮33的轮齿啮合，飞轮33与两根链条杆22、24上的链条啮合，左、右踏杆25、26可绕踏杆轴36摆动，限位轴27的一端固定在车架21上，套装在限位轴27上的轴承28外圆与链条杆上的撑杆或槽杆接触，分别使链条杆22、23、24限位，增强杆34设置在后轮的左侧，其一端固定在轴套35上，另一端用连接杆37与左踏杆25固定连接，与左踏杆25成为一体框架，来增加左踏杆25的刚性和承载能力，长方形限位架43吊挂在车架上限制两根踏杆向下摆动的范围。
右踏杆26向下摆动，带动链条杆22、23向下移动，与链条杆23上链条啮合的飞轮31顺时针转动，驱动套筒29、自行车后轮转动，自行车前行，同时与链条杆22上链条啮合的飞轮33逆时针空转，与飞轮33啮合的另一根链条杆24上行，带动左踏杆25向上摆动；若左踏杆25向下摆动，则链条杆24向下移动，与链条杆24上链条啮合的飞轮33顺时针转动，驱动套筒29、自行车后轮转动，自行车前行，同时与飞轮33啮合的链条杆22上移，带动右踏杆26向上摆动，链条杆23上移带动飞轮31逆时针空转，这样在驱动自行车前行的同时，也实现了左、右踏杆25、26一个向上、一个向下的联动。
见附图3，本发明之实施例三，飞轮和链条杆组合传动的自行车，链条杆与实施例二中的相同，两个飞轮54、53固定连接在后轮花鼓的左、右两端，两根踏杆59、57也设置在后轮的左、右两侧，链条杆56连接在右侧踏杆57上，链条杆56上的链条与右侧飞轮53的轮齿在后轴的前边啮合，链条杆52连接在联动杆58上，链条杆52上的链条与右侧飞轮53的轮齿在后轴的后边啮合，链条杆55连接在左侧踏杆59上，链条杆55上的链条与左侧飞轮54的轮齿在后轴的前边啮合，联动杆58、轴套60、踏杆59、连接杆61固定连接成一体框架，后轴固定连接在车架上，飞轮54可用左旋螺纹与后轮固定连接。
右踏杆57向下摆动，带动链条杆56向下移动，飞轮53顺时针转动，驱动自行车后轮转动，自行车前行，同对与飞轮53啮合的链条杆52上移，带动联动杆58向上摆动，与联动杆58一体的左侧踏杆59向上摆动，连接在左侧踏杆59上的链条杆55上移，飞轮54逆时针空转；若左踏杆59向下摆动，则链条杆55向下移动，飞轮54顺时针转动，驱动自行车后轮转动，自行车前行，同时链条杆52下移带动飞轮53逆时针空转，链条杆56上移带动右踏杆57向上摆动，这样在驱动自行车前行的同时，也实现了左、右踏杆59、57的一上一下联动。
使用的飞轮是现有自行车或电动车链传动用飞轮，是易于购买可靠性好的通用标准件，这使得传动部分结构紧凑，可靠性提高，成本降低，且这种结构对使用环境要求不 高。
见附图4，本发明之实施例四，链轮和链条杆、单向轴承组合传动自行车，带有倒车时使用的离合器，使用的链条杆与实施例二中的相同，主要包括：车架71、三根链条杆72、73、74、左、右踏杆75、76、限位轴77、轴承78、套筒79、轴套80、后轴81、键条82、连接盘83、连接套84、弹簧85、单向轴承86、两个链轮87、88、踏杆轴89、销轴90、拨叉轴96、拨叉97、刹车线98、回位弹簧99，轴套80的一端(用内螺纹或外螺纹)与自行车后轮固定连接，其另一端与连接盘83固定连接(用螺纹等方式)，连接盘83的圆周部位设有缺口，套筒79套装在轴套80上，键条82固定在套筒79一端的键槽里，连接套84套装在套筒79的圆柱上，其孔内设有键槽与键条82相配合，在连接套84的一端设有凸起D，两个链轮87、88分别用单向轴承86并排与套筒79连接，两个单向轴承的转动逆上方向相同，右踏杆76一端的轴套套装在位于后轮后面的踏杆轴89上，另一端连接有脚踏板，两根链条杆72、73的下端用销轴90分别铰接在右踏杆76中部的左、右侧，左踏杆75一端的轴套也套装在踏杆轴89上，另一端也连接有脚踏板，链条杆74的下端用销轴90铰接在左踏杆75中部的右侧，链条杆72上的链条在后轴81的后边与链轮88啮合，链条杆73上的链条在后轴81的前边与链轮87啮合，链条杆74上的链条在后轴81的前边也与链轮88啮合，链轮88同时与两根链条杆72、74上的链条啮合，左、右踏杆75、76可绕踏杆轴89摆动，限位轴77的一端固定在车架71上，套装在限位轴77上的轴承78外圆与链条杆上的撑杆接触，分别使链条杆72、73、74限位。
拨叉轴96固定在车架71上，拨叉97的两个叉齿对称设置在后轴81的上下两边，两个叉齿的端头部位各设有孔，此孔分别套装在拨叉轴96的两端，两个叉齿的中部各设有凸起F，拨叉97的另一端与自行车的刹车线98的一头连接，刹车线的定位件G固定在车架71上，拨叉97与刹车线定位件G之间的刹车线98上，套装有回位弹簧99，刹车线98的另一头与刹车把手连接，刹车把手可设置在车座下面或车头处，通常情况下，在弹簧85的作用下，连接套84上的凸起D插入连接盘83上的缺口里，使套筒79(通过连接套84、连接盘83)和轴套80以及自行车后轮连接成一体，自行车后轮与套筒79一起转动。
驱动自行车移动、左、右踏杆联动的原理与实施例二的相同，右踏杆76向下摆动，带动链条杆72、73向下移动，与链条杆73上链条啮合的链轮87顺时针转动，在单向轴承的作用下，驱动套筒79、自行车后轮转动，自行车前行，同时与链条杆72上链条啮合的链轮88逆时针空转，与链轮88啮合的另一根链条杆74上行，带动左踏杆75向上摆动；若左踏杆75向下摆动，则链条杆74向下移动，与链条杆74上链条啮合的链轮88顺时针转动，在单向轴承的作用下，驱动套筒79、自行车后轮转动，自行车前行，同时与链轮88啮合 的链条杆72上移，带动右踏杆76向上摆动，这样在驱动自行车前行的同时，也实现了左、右踏杆75，76的一上一下联动。
当自行车需要倒退时，用刹车把手拉刹车线98，拨叉97绕拨叉轴96摆动，拨叉上的两个凸起F接触连接套84的端面C推连接套，连接套84(在键条82的引导下)在套筒79的圆柱面上沿轴向滑动，弹簧85被压缩，连接套84上的凸起D从连接盘83上的缺口抽出脱离连接盘，套筒79与轴套80的连接脱开，固定在后轮上的轴套80处于自由状态，自行车就可倒退，用此离合器来应对这类自行车不能倒退的问题，松开刹车把手时刹车线98松弛，在回位弹簧99推动下，拨叉97上的凸起F离开连接套84的端面C，后轮稍许转动(连接盘83转动)，在弹簧85的推动下，连接套84上的凸起D又进入连接盘83上的缺口，套筒79又与轴套80、车后轮连接成一体，自行车就可正常骑行。
见附图5，本发明之实施例五，链轮和链条杆、单向轴承组合传动的自行车，带有倒车时使用的离合器，链条杆也与实施例二中的相同，自行车后轴103与后轮固定连接，后轴可(在车架上)转动，套筒104(代替了实施例四中的79、80两个零件)套装在后轴103上，后轴与连接盘固定连接(用螺纹等)，套装在套筒104上的连接套和连接盘一起使套筒104与后轴103离、合，使自行车能后退和骑行；螺丝105与限位轴之间用连接板106固定连接，使限位轴在受力时不易倾斜增加刚性。
后轴转动的传动结构，若要增加电动助力功能，可在后轴103的端部P处输入电动动力，感应元件可设置在后支架接近后轴的部位Q处，此处受力后弹性变形较大，易于得到感应信号。
见附图6，为本发明之实施例六，主要包括：车架121、踏杆轴116、后轴(或轴套)117、左、右侧踏杆120、119、两根圆弧形齿条118、114、两个齿轮112、113、支柱124、限位杆122、拨杆123，后轴117连接在车架121上，车架121延伸到后轮的后面，踏杆轴116设置在自行车后轮的后面，踏杆轴116两端分别连接在车架121的两侧，踏杆120、119设置在自行车后轮两侧，两根圆弧形齿条118、114分别固定在左、右侧踏杆120、119的中部，踏杆120、119各自一端的轴套套装在踏杆轴116上与其铰接，齿条118、114分别与设置在后轮两侧的齿轮113、112啮合，两个齿轮分别用单向轴承与后轴117连接，两个踏杆连接脚踏板的一端各自设有扁孔d，支柱124的一端固定在车架121上，设置在拨杆123中部的孔套装在支柱124上，拨杆123可绕支柱124摆动，拨杆两端分别穿过左、右踏杆120、119上的扁孔d，可在两个扁孔里滑动，倒T字形的限位杆122固定在车架121上，两个踏杆交替向下摆动到一定的角度时，分别会受到限位杆122阻挡，限制两个踏杆向下摆动的范围。
一侧的脚踏板踩下时，拨杆123此侧的一端被踏杆123拨着向下摆动，拨杆的另一端则向上摆动，拨着另一侧的踏杆、脚踏板向上摆动，一侧的踏杆及脚踏板向下摆动，另一侧的则自动向上摆动，带动两根齿条118、114里的一根上行，另一根下行联动，驱动齿轮113、112转动，带动后轴(或轴套)117单向转动、车轮转动、自行车移动。
见附图七，为本发明之实施例七，车架延伸到自行车后轮的后边，其两侧在后轮的后边连接在一起，与上述实施例六不同的是，两个踏杆短轴125设置在后轴127的后面，分别在后轮两侧与车架126固定连接，两个踏杆各自一端的孔分别与两个踏杆短轴125铰接。
飞轮和链条杆传动组合，链轮和链条杆传动组合，都可通过加厚轮齿、选用承载较大的链条来提高可靠性，各传动组合既可用于后轴固定的自行车，也可用于后轴转动的自行车。
两根齿条或两根链条杆既可以连接在右踏杆上，也可以连接在左踏杆上，可根据实际合理灵活处理。
踏杆轴和套装在踏杆轴上的(踏杆上的)轴套之间、齿条或链条杆和与其连接的销轴之间可安装轴承减小转动时的摩擦阻力。

Claims (10)

  1. 新传动结构自行车，分别使用了齿条和齿轮以及单向轴承传动组合、链条杆和链轮以及单向轴承传动组合、链条杆和飞轮传动组合，各个传动组合中的齿条或链条杆巧妙地连接在两根踏杆的中部，踏杆绕踏杆轴(支点)摆动，带动与齿条或链条杆啮合的齿轮或飞轮、链轮转动，并使两根踏杆联动，做成上下踩动的省力自行车，其特征在于：车架延伸到自行车后轮的后边，踏杆轴设置在自行车后轮的后边，踏杆轴的两端连接在车架上，飞轮或齿轮、链轮并排连接(或用单向轴承连接)在套筒上，套筒与自行车后轮固定连接或用离合器连接，左、右两根踏杆各自的一端都设有轴套，此轴套套装在位于后轮后面的踏杆轴上，两根踏杆各自的另一端都连接有脚踏板，两根齿条(或链条杆)的下端用销轴分别铰接在右踏杆中部的左、右两侧，一根齿条(或链条杆)的下端用销轴铰接在左踏杆中部的右侧，连接在右踏杆中部左侧的齿条(或链条杆)在自行车后轴的后边与左侧齿轮(或飞轮、链轮)啮合，连接在右踏杆中部右侧的齿条(或链条杆)在后轴的前边与右侧齿轮(或飞轮、链轮)啮合，连接在左踏杆中部右侧的齿条(或链条杆)在后轴的前边与左侧齿轮(或飞轮、链轮)啮合，左侧齿轮(或飞轮、链轮)的前、后有两根齿条(或链条杆)与其啮合，限位轴的一端固定在车架上，套装在限位轴上的轴承使齿条(或链条杆)限位。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的新传动结构自行车，使用了齿条和齿轮以及单向轴承传动组合，主要包括：车架1、三根齿条2、3、4、踏杆5、6、限位轴7、轴承8、套筒9、后轴10、单向轴承11、两个齿轮12、13、踏杆轴14、销轴15，其特征在于：左、右侧两个齿轮13、12分别用单向轴承11并排连接在套筒9上，套筒9与自行车后轮固定连接，后轮套装在后轴10上。
  3. 根据权利要求1、2所述的新传动结构自行车，使用了链条杆和飞轮传动组合，主要包括：车架21、三根链条杆22、23、24、左、右踏杆25、26、限位轴27、轴承28、套筒29、后轴30、两个飞轮31、33、套圈32，其特征在于：套筒29固定连接在后轮花鼓的右端，套筒的外圆设有螺纹(把现有自行车花鼓上安装飞轮的螺纹套加长也可以)，左、右侧两个飞轮33、31并排用螺纹连接在套筒29上，套圈32套装在套筒29上、位于两个飞轮之间。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的新传动结构自行车，使用了链条杆和飞轮传动组合，其特征还在于：两个飞轮54、53固定连接在后轮花鼓的左、右两端，两根踏杆59、57也设置在后轮的左、右两侧，链条杆56连接在右侧踏杆57上，链条杆56上的链条与右侧 飞轮53的轮齿在后轴的前边啮合，链条杆52连接在联动杆58上，链条杆52上的链条与右侧飞轮53的轮齿在后轴的后边啮合，链条杆55连接在左侧踏杆59上，链条杆55上的链条与左侧飞轮54的轮齿在后轴的前边啮合，联动杆58、轴套60、踏杆59、连接杆61固定连接成一体框架。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的新传动结构自行车，使用了链轮和链条杆、单向轴承传动组合，带有倒车时使用的离合器，主要包括：车架71、三根链条杆72、73、74、左、右踏杆75、76、限位轴77、轴承78、套筒79、轴套80、后轴81、键条82、连接盘83、连接套84、弹簧85、单向轴承86、两个链轮87、88、踏杆轴89、销轴90、拨叉轴96、拨叉97、刹车线98、回位弹簧99，其特征在于：轴套80的一端(用内螺纹或外螺纹)与自行车后轮固定连接，其另一端与连接盘83固定连接(用螺纹等方式)，连接盘83的圆周部位设有缺口，套筒79套装在轴套80上，键条82固定在套筒79一端的键槽里，连接套84套装在套筒79的圆柱上，其孔内设有键槽与键条82相配合，在连接套84的一端设有凸起D，左、右侧两个链轮88、87分别用单向轴承86并排与套筒79连接：拨叉轴96固定在车架71上，拨叉97的两个叉齿对称设置在后轴81的上下两边，两个叉齿的端头部位各设有孔，此孔分别套装在拨叉轴96的两端，两个叉齿的中部各设有凸起F，拨叉97的另一端与自行车的刹车线98的一头连接，刹车线的定位件G固定在车架71上，拨叉97与刹车线定位件G之间的刹车线98上，套装有回位弹簧99，刹车线98的另一头与刹车把手连接。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的新传动结构自行车，使用了链轮和链条杆、单向轴承传动组合，后轴转动，带有倒车时使用的离合器，其特征在于：自行车后轴103与后轮固定连接，后轴可(在车架上)转动，套筒104套装在后轴103上，后轴与连接盘固定连接(用螺纹等)，套装在套筒104上的连接套和连接盘一起使套筒104与后轴103离、合，使自行车能后退和骑行；螺丝105与限位轴之间用连接板106固定连接，使限位轴在受力时不易倾斜增强刚性。
  7. 根据权利要求1、3～6所述的新传动结构自行车，其特征在于：所述的链条杆是由槽杆39和链条月销轴40连接而成，槽杆39是方形杆，在长度方向上设有槽，链条设置在此槽内，链条的两头分别与槽杆39的两端用销轴40连接或焊接在一起，使链条拉紧，槽杆的两槽壁分别与链条的两个侧面接触限制链条的侧向移动，槽底也与链条接触；所述链条杆的另一种是由撑杆42、链条41在两者接触处E多点焊接而成，撑杆42是直线形或弧形，其断面是矩形，焊接而成的链条杆相应也呈直线形或弧形，使链条杆 类似于齿条或齿杆。
  8. 根据权利要求1、2、3、5、6、7所述的新传动结构自行车，其特征在于：增强杆34设置在后轮的左侧，其一端固定在轴套35上，另一端用连接杆37与左踏杆25固定连接，与左踏杆25成为一体框架，来增加左踏杆25的刚性和承载能力，长方形限位架43吊挂在车架上限制两根踏杆向下摆动的范围。
  9. 新传动结构自行车，主要包括：车架121、踏杆轴116、后轴(或轴套)117、左、右侧踏杆120、119、两根圆弧形齿条118、114、两个齿轮112、113、支柱124、限位杆122、拨杆123，其特征在于：车架121延伸到自行车后轮的后边，踏杆轴116的两端在后轮的后边与车架121连接，踏杆120、119设置在自行车后轮两侧，两根圆弧形齿条118、114分别固定在左、右侧踏杆120、119的中部，踏杆120、119各自一端的轴套套装在位于后轮后面的踏杆轴116上与其铰接，齿条118、114分别与设置在后轮两侧的齿轮113、112啮合，两个齿轮分别用单向轴承与后轴117连接，两个踏杆连接脚踏板的一端各自设有扁孔d，支柱124的一端固定在车架121上，设置在拨杆123中部的孔套装在支柱124上，拨杆123可绕支柱124摆动，拨杆两端分别穿过左、右踏杆120、119上的扁孔d，可在两个扁孔里滑动，倒T字形的限位杆122固定在车架121上，两个踏杆交替向下摆动到一定的角度时，分别会受到限位杆122阻挡，限制两个踏杆向下摆动的范围。
  10. 新传动结构自行车，其特征还在于：车架延伸到自行车后轮的后边，其两侧在后轮的后边连接在一起，两个踏杆短轴125设置在后轴127的后面，分别在后轮两侧与车架126固定连接，两个踏杆各自一端的孔分别与两个踏杆短轴125铰接。
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