WO2021176666A1 - 自立型且つ地域分散型の電力製造供給システム - Google Patents

自立型且つ地域分散型の電力製造供給システム Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021176666A1
WO2021176666A1 PCT/JP2020/009501 JP2020009501W WO2021176666A1 WO 2021176666 A1 WO2021176666 A1 WO 2021176666A1 JP 2020009501 W JP2020009501 W JP 2020009501W WO 2021176666 A1 WO2021176666 A1 WO 2021176666A1
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Prior art keywords
power
palm
gas turbine
power generation
plantations
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PCT/JP2020/009501
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
山本　泰三
常孝 安ヵ川
晃二 深田
直史 阪口
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Eco-Support Co ltd
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Eco-Support Co ltd
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Priority to CN202080097770.6A priority Critical patent/CN115210982A/zh
Priority to JP2022504895A priority patent/JP7199771B2/ja
Priority to PCT/JP2020/009501 priority patent/WO2021176666A1/ja
Publication of WO2021176666A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021176666A1/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for feeding a single network from two or more generators or sources in parallel; Arrangements for feeding already energised networks from additional generators or sources in parallel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates to a self-sustaining and locally distributed power production and supply system.
  • Gas turbines (hereinafter referred to as "GT") are widely used in developed countries such as Japan for large-scale private power generation of 5 MW or more in factories and the like. Gas turbines have become widespread for cogeneration, which is used as heat and steam due to high-temperature exhaust gas. Even in Japan, cogeneration is rarely applied to small-scale 1MW class power generation such as that used in palm plantations in consideration of operation and maintenance. Similarly, Indonesia, which has little information, did not have the opportunity to deeply consider gas turbine power generation. We are aiming to put a general-purpose gas engine into practical use from a European manufacturer, but we are seeking a breakthrough in an unstable situation.
  • GTCC gas turbine combined cycle power generation system
  • ST steam turbine
  • a gas turbine is a rotating body similar to a water turbine or a wind turbine, and is a system that extracts stable force that has been widely used in the past.
  • S-GTCC highly efficient and ideal sustainable advanced S-GTCC
  • the oil squeezing factory of the palm plantation (palm factory: called MILL) is the core facility of the palm plantation, and electricity and clean water are indispensable for stable and continuous operation throughout the year.
  • the plan for the palm plantation is to grow oil palm trees from seedlings and plant them for 20 years.
  • Fruits (FFB) can be harvested about 3 years after planting, and the yield will drop after 20 years of harvesting. Therefore, the forest will be cut down and replanted with newly improved seedlings for growing. Therefore, in the palm factory, a place where electricity and clean water can be secured is an essential condition for planning and construction.
  • the electric power company supplies electricity to the palm plantation, but at this point, the demand for electricity is low, including in the surrounding area.
  • Indonesia has 700 palm plantations already in operation to produce palm oil, except for Java Island, which has a large population and a well-developed industry including agriculture.
  • There is a wastewater pond adjacent to the Palm Factory (MILL) and the final pond of the wastewater (POME) of multiple ponds is covered with a rubber film to generate biogas in an anaerobic state where oxygen is insufficient. Since this amount is stably generated throughout the year, about 1 MW or more has been established, and a technical system for collecting and utilizing this has been established, and dozens or more have already been installed and introduced. If biogas is captured and 700 self-sustaining and locally distributed power plants are put into operation in the country, a power transmission and distribution network suitable for this will be established, which will greatly contribute to the country's economic growth.
  • An object of the present disclosure is to easily obtain the fuel required for GTCC and to stably supply electric power to a power consuming area in a self-sustaining and locally distributed electric power production and supply system.
  • the self-sustaining and locally distributed electric power production and supply system is arranged in each of a plurality of plantations, and a plurality of gas turbines that generate power using the gaseous fuel and the liquid fuel produced in the plantations.
  • a transmission having a combined cycle power generation system, a first transmission line for transmitting power from a gas turbine combined cycle power generation system in each of a plurality of plantations to a power consumption area, and a second transmission line for connecting the plurality of first transmission lines to each other.
  • the plantation is a palm plantation that grows abra palm
  • each of the gaseous fuel and liquid fuel is a fuel produced from the fruits harvested in the plantation
  • multiple gas turbine combined cycle power generation Each of the systems uses the heat of the first gas turbine that operates using gaseous fuel, the second gas turbine that operates using liquid fuel, and the exhaust gas exhausted from the first gas turbine and the second gas turbine.
  • the gas turbine combined cycle power generation system includes a waste heat recovery boiler to be recovered and a steam turbine that operates by utilizing the heat recovered by the waste heat recovery boiler, and the gas turbine combined cycle power generation system is arranged. Power is sent to the plantations, and the multiple gas turbine combined cycle power generation systems send power to each of the multiple plantations via the transmission network.
  • This self-sustaining and locally distributed power production and supply system is equipped with a plurality of gas turbine combined cycle power generation systems as S-GTCC.
  • the gas turbine combined cycle power generation system is installed in a plantation and uses the gaseous fuel and liquid fuel produced in the plantation to generate electricity.
  • the fuel required for the gas turbine combined cycle power generation system can be easily obtained.
  • this self-sustaining and locally distributed electric power production and supply system has a first transmission line that sends electric power from a gas turbine combined cycle power generation system in each of a plurality of plantations, and a first transmission line that connects a plurality of first transmission lines to each other. It has a power grid with two power lines.
  • the exhaust heat recovery boiler has a denitration catalyst that removes NOx in the exhaust gas and a sensor that measures the NOx concentration in the exhaust gas.
  • the exhaust heat recovery boiler may lower the temperature of the exhaust gas to the atmospheric temperature by recovering the latent heat of the water vapor in the exhaust gas, and may recover the water generated by the recovery of the latent heat of the water vapor.
  • the heat of the exhaust gas can be sufficiently recovered by lowering the temperature of the exhaust gas to the atmospheric temperature.
  • the water vapor in the exhaust gas can be recovered as water, and the water can be effectively used.
  • GTCC produces steam with a gas turbine (GT) and an exhaust heat recovery boiler, and generates electricity with the steam turbine.
  • GT gas turbine
  • NOx nitrogen oxide generated in the exhaust gas accompanying the combustion of fuel is thoroughly removed by using a denitration catalyst.
  • the gas turbine combined cycle power generation system in each of the plurality of plantations sends power to the local power supply network via the power transmission network and transmits the power.
  • the network may be configured to be incorporated and transferred to the local power supply network. According to this configuration, as described above, it is possible to back up the power supply and realize a stable power supply, and to convert the power to the local power supply network.
  • the self-sustaining and locally distributed power generation and supply system is a gas fuel and a liquid fuel having a zero CO 2 emission rating produced by fruits from each of a plurality of palm plantations, which are Abra palm plantations.
  • the transmission network comprises a plurality of gas turbine combined cycle power generation systems that generate power using at least one of them, and a transmission network that sends each of the power generated by the plurality of gas turbine combined cycle power generation systems to a local power supply network. It is configured so that it can be incorporated and transferred to the local power supply network.
  • Power is generated using one or two of gas fuel and liquid fuel, which are stable renewable energies with zero CO 2 emissions from palm plantations, to build a self-sustaining and locally distributed power generation system, and long-term and wide area. Power production, supply, and utilization will be possible. Electricity cannot be stored, and it is necessary to respond flexibly and appropriately according to demand. For this purpose, private electric wires will be installed between multiple palm plantations for mutual power interchange and backup. This makes it possible to economically and stably produce, transmit, distribute, and use electric power when and where it is needed, when and where it is needed.
  • This system is a power production / transmission / distribution system that can be used in an integrated manner with the transmission lines of electric power companies. It should be noted that the S-GTCC can sufficiently transmit and distribute power in cooperation with an electric power company or the like from the viewpoint of stability of large-scale power supply to power consumption areas.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an S-GTCC according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 shows the S-GTCC (O1 in FIG. 2), the conventional GTCC, the thermal power generator, and the nuclear power generator in FIG. 1 when the exhaust heat amount of the S-GTCC (O2 in FIG. 2) of the comparative example is 100. It is a figure which shows the relative exhaust heat amount of each of.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a self-sustaining and locally distributed power generation system according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the plantation of FIG.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a biogas captivity device in the wastewater pond of FIG.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a GTCC (gas turbine combined cycle power generation system) 1. As shown in FIG. 1, the GTCC 1 includes a power generation device 2, a power generation device 3, an exhaust heat recovery boiler 4, and a power generation device 5.
  • the GTCC 1 includes a power generation device 2, a power generation device 3, an exhaust heat recovery boiler 4, and a power generation device 5.
  • the power generation device 2 includes a combustor 21, a GT (first gas turbine) 22, an air compressor 23, and a generator 24.
  • the combustor 21 uses gaseous fuel as fuel to generate high-temperature combustion gas, and supplies the generated combustion gas to GT 22.
  • Gaseous fuel is a fuel of CO 2 emission zero rating produced fruit harvested in oil palm plantations, which will be described later, as a raw material (CO 2 CO 2 free evaluated not emit).
  • the GT 22 rotates by the action of the combustion gas to extract power. That is, the GT 22 operates using gaseous fuel.
  • the air compressor 23 and the generator 24 are connected to the GT 22.
  • the air compressor 23 rotates according to the rotation of the GT 22, compresses the air, and supplies the air to the combustor 21.
  • the generator 24 rotates according to the rotation of the GT 22 to generate electricity.
  • the power generation device 3 includes a combustor 31, a GT (second gas turbine) 32, an air compressor 33, and a generator 34.
  • the combustor 31 uses liquid fuel as fuel to generate high-temperature combustion gas, and supplies the generated combustion gas to the GT 32.
  • the liquid fuel is a fuel with a zero CO 2 emission evaluation, which is produced from fruits harvested at a palm plantation, which will be described later.
  • the GT 32 rotates by the action of the combustion gas to extract power. That is, the GT 32 operates using liquid fuel.
  • the air compressor 33 and the generator 34 are connected to the GT 32.
  • the air compressor 33 rotates according to the rotation of the GT 32, compresses the air, and supplies it to the combustor 31.
  • the generator 34 rotates according to the rotation of the GT 32 to generate electricity.
  • the exhaust heat recovery boiler 4 has a closed structure.
  • the exhaust heat recovery boiler 4 includes a heat exchanger 41, a denitration catalyst 42, a sensor 43, a sensor 44, and a condensed water recovery unit 45.
  • the exhaust heat recovery boiler 4 lowers the temperature of the exhaust gas to the atmospheric temperature by recovering the latent heat of water vapor in the exhaust gas, and recovers the water generated by the recovery of the latent heat of water vapor.
  • the heat exchanger 41 is arranged in the housing 46.
  • the heat exchanger 41 recovers the heat of the exhaust gas exhausted from the GT 22 and the GT 32.
  • the heat exchanger 41 exchanges heat using water (here, clean water) or water vapor as a heat medium.
  • the high-pressure steam obtained by the heat exchanger 41 is supplied to ST51, which will be described later.
  • the exhaust gas from GT22 and GT32 passes through the exhaust heat recovery boiler 4 and is heat-exchanged, and then exhausted to the atmosphere.
  • the heat exchanger 41 adjusts the temperature of the exhaust gas at the outlet of the housing 46 by recovering the latent heat of the water vapor in the exhaust gas.
  • the heat exchanger 41 can reduce the temperature of the exhaust gas to the outside air temperature by sufficiently exchanging heat. This is the S-GTCC (O1) of FIG.
  • the S-GTCC (O2) in FIG. 2 is applied when a large-scale natural gas / LNG for diffusing exhaust gas into the atmosphere is used as fuel by recovering exhaust heat to an exhaust gas temperature of about
  • the denitration catalyst 42 is arranged in the housing 46.
  • the denitration catalyst 42 removes NOx in the exhaust gas from the power generation device 2 and the power generation device 3.
  • the denitration catalyst 42 is a dry denitration catalyst of the selective catalytic reduction method (SCR method).
  • the denitration catalyst 42 has a honeycomb structure.
  • the denitration catalyst 42 is formed of, for example, TIO 2- supported vanadium pentoxide (V 2 O 5 ) or TiO 2- supported copper oxide (CuO).
  • the denitration catalyst 42 has a sufficient surface area for the denitration reaction.
  • the sensor 43 is provided on the upstream side of the denitration catalyst 42.
  • the sensor 44 is provided on the downstream side of the denitration catalyst 42.
  • the sensor 43 and the sensor 44 continuously measure the NOx concentration in the exhaust gas.
  • an infrared analyzer or a batch type analyzer may be used.
  • a widely used general-purpose gas measuring instrument may be used.
  • the condensed water recovery unit 45 collects and stores the condensed water generated by the recovery of latent heat by the heat exchanger 41 in the housing 46.
  • the condensed water recovery unit 45 is not particularly limited, and various known configurations can be used.
  • the power generation device 5 has an ST (steam turbine) 51 and a generator 52.
  • the ST51 rotates by the action of high-pressure steam supplied from the heat exchanger 41 to extract power. That is, the ST 51 operates by utilizing the heat recovered by the exhaust heat recovery boiler 4.
  • the generator 52 is connected to the ST 51. The generator 52 rotates according to the rotation of ST51 to generate electricity.
  • FIG. 2 shows the S-GTCC1 (illustrated O1), the conventional GTCC, the thermal power generator system, and the nuclear power generator system, respectively, when the exhaust heat amount of the S-GTCC (illustrated O2) of the comparative example is 100. It is a figure which shows the relative exhaust heat amount.
  • the amount of exhaust heat of S-GTCC1 is about 20%.
  • the amount of heat exhausted from the conventional GTCC is about 200%.
  • the amount of heat exhausted from the system of a thermal power generator by a steam turbine (ST) that uses coal or petroleum as fuel is about 400%.
  • the amount of exhaust heat of the nuclear power generator system is about 550%.
  • the energy efficiency of S-GTCC1 is the best among the plurality of power generation methods.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a self-sustaining and locally distributed electric power production and supply system (hereinafter referred to as “electric power supply system”) 10.
  • the power supply system 10 is used in a plurality of palm plantations (plantations) 11. Palm plantation 11 is a plantation for cultivating oil palm.
  • the power supply system 10 includes a plurality of GTCCs 1 arranged in each of the plurality of palm plantations 11 and a power transmission network 12. Each GTCC1 generates electricity by using the gaseous fuel and the liquid fuel produced in the palm plantation 11 where the GTCC1 is arranged.
  • a plurality of GTCC1s may be arranged in one palm plantation 11.
  • the power grid 12 has a plurality of first power transmission lines 13 and one second power transmission line 14.
  • the first transmission line 13 transmits electric power from the GTCC 1 in each of the plurality of palm plantations 11 to the power consuming area.
  • the second transmission line 14 connects a plurality of first transmission lines 13 to each other.
  • a plurality of insulating insulators 14a are provided on the second transmission line 14.
  • Electric power consumption area means an urban area or the like that requires electric power.
  • the power transmission network 12 is connected to the power transmission and distribution network (regional power supply network) 61 of the electric power company.
  • the S-GTCC 1 in each of the plurality of palm plantations 11 transmits electric power to the transmission and distribution network 61 of the electric power company via the transmission network 12.
  • the transmission and distribution network 61 of the electric power company has a main trunk line 62, a trunk line 63, and a transformer 64.
  • a plurality of insulating insulators 62a are provided on the main trunk line 62.
  • a plurality of insulating insulators 63a are provided on the trunk line 63.
  • the transformer 64 is provided between the main trunk line 62 and the trunk line 63.
  • the transmission network 12 is connected to the transmission and distribution network 61 of the electric power company.
  • the second transmission line 14 is connected to the main line 63 and the main line 65 by the first transmission line 13 drawn from the electric power company to each palm plantation.
  • a plurality of insulating insulators 65a are provided on the trunk line 65.
  • the transmission network 12 is configured to be incorporated and transferred to the transmission and distribution network 61 of an electric power company.
  • the first transmission line 13 is, for example, a 6 kV overhead wiring 60 mm 2 .
  • the second transmission line 14 is, for example, a 6 kV overhead wiring 80 mm 2 .
  • the main trunk line 62 is, for example, a 22 kV overhead wiring 80 mm 2 .
  • the trunk line 63 is, for example, a 6 kV overhead wiring 80 mm 2 .
  • the transformer 64 is, for example, a 22 kV / 6 kV three-phase transformer. Since the transmission network 12 has the same specifications as the trunk line 63, it can be transferred to the transmission and distribution network 61 of the electric power company.
  • the GTCC1 can send electric power to the palm plantation 11 where the GTCC1 is located via the transmission line (transmission and distribution network 61) of the electric power company. Further, the plurality of GTCC 1s transmit electric power to each of the plurality of palm plantations 11 via the power transmission network 12. In other words, one GTCC1 sends power not only to the palm plantation 11 where the one GTCC1 is arranged, but also to other palm plantations 11.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the palm plantation 11. As shown in FIG. 4, there is a wastewater pond 8 in the palm plantation 11. There may be multiple wastewaters from the oil mill (MILL), and although Fig. 4 is simplified, there are actually multiple wastewater ponds.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a final wastewater pond 8 of a plurality of wastewater ponds. As shown in FIG. 5, the wastewater pond 8 is a pond formed on the ground. The wastewater pond 8 stores products from the oil squeezing device.
  • a wall 81 extending over the entire circumference of the wastewater pond 8 is provided at the edge of the wastewater pond 8.
  • a roof 82 is provided above the wall 81.
  • a gas fuel supply device 7 is connected to the wall 81.
  • the waste water pond 8, the wall 81 and the roof 82 constitute a storage device 80.
  • the waste water pond 8, the wall 81 and the roof 82 form a space Z.
  • the product In the waste water pond 8, the product is naturally decomposed and gaseous fuel is generated in an anaerobic state without oxygen.
  • the gaseous fuel is a biogas containing methane (CH 4 ), CO 2 and the like. Space Z is filled with gaseous fuel.
  • Gaseous fuel, after H 2 S or the like is removed by the removing device 71 of the gas fuel supply apparatus 7 is supplied to GT combustor 21 by pumping machine 72.
  • the wastewater from the wastewater pond 8 (the product after natural decomposition) is discharged to the public water area after confirming that it is purified and conforms to the wastewater standard.
  • the power supply system 10 of FIG. 3 shown in the present embodiment includes GTCC1.
  • the GTCC 1 is arranged in the palm plantation 11 and generates electricity by using the gaseous fuel and the liquid fuel produced in the palm plantation 11. Thereby, the fuel required for GTCC1 can be easily obtained.
  • the power supply system 10 has a power transmission network 12 having a first power transmission line 13 for transmitting power from GTCC 1 in each of the plurality of palm plantations 11 and a second power transmission line 14 for connecting the plurality of first power transmission lines 13 to each other. It has. Thereby, for example, even if it becomes difficult or impossible to send power from GTCC1 in some palm plantations to the power consumption area, power can be sent from GTCC1 in other palm plantations to the power consumption area. That is, it is possible to back up the power supply. Therefore, according to the power supply system 10, in addition to mutual interchange and backup of power between palm plantations 11, power can be stably supplied to power consumption areas.
  • the exhaust heat recovery boiler 4 has a denitration catalyst 42 for removing NOx in the exhaust gas, and sensors 43 and 44 for measuring the NOx concentration in the exhaust gas.
  • the exhaust heat recovery boiler 4 lowers the temperature of the exhaust gas to the atmospheric temperature by recovering the latent heat of water vapor in the exhaust gas, and recovers the water generated by the recovery of the latent heat of water vapor.
  • the heat of the exhaust gas can be sufficiently recovered by lowering the temperature of the exhaust gas to the atmospheric temperature.
  • the water vapor in the exhaust gas can be recovered as a large amount of clean water, and the water can be effectively used.
  • the GTCC 1 in each of the plurality of palm plantations 11 transmits electric power to the transmission and distribution network 61 (the main line 63 and the main line 65) of the electric power company via the transmission network 12.
  • the transmission network 12 is the electric power company. It is configured so that it can be incorporated and transferred to the transmission and distribution network 61 of the above. According to this configuration, as described above, the backup of the power supply and the stable supply of the power are realized, and the power to the power transmission and distribution network 61 of the electric power company Can be converted.
  • the electric power supply system 10 includes a plurality of GTCC1s that generate electricity using at least one of a gas fuel and a liquid fuel having a zero CO 2 emission evaluation produced by fruits from each of the plurality of palm plantations 11 which are oil palm plantations.
  • a power transmission network 12 that sends each of the electric power generated by the plurality of GTCC 1s to the local power supply network.
  • the power transmission network 12 is configured to be incorporated and transferred to a local power supply network.
  • Power is generated using one or two of gas fuel and liquid fuel, which are stable renewable energies with zero CO 2 emissions from Palm Farm 11, as fuel, and a self-sustaining and locally distributed power generation system is constructed for a long period of time.
  • Wide-area power production, supply, and utilization will be possible. Electricity cannot be stored, and it is necessary to respond flexibly and appropriately according to demand.
  • private electric wires will be provided between the plurality of palm plantations 11 for mutual interchange and backup of electric power. This makes it possible to economically and stably produce, transmit, distribute, and use electric power when and where it is needed, when and where it is needed.
  • This system is a power production / transmission / distribution system that can be used in an integrated manner with the transmission lines of electric power companies. It should be noted that GTCC1 can sufficiently transmit and distribute power in cooperation with an electric power company or the like from the viewpoint of stability of large-scale power supply to power consumption areas.
  • Palm plantation 11 can produce a large amount of stable renewable energy with zero CO 2 emission evaluation. If liquid fuel is used for GT in addition to the gaseous fuel produced in the palm plantation 11, the highest value-added electric power can be secured. That is, it can be a self-sustaining and locally distributed power plant. In addition, the palm plantation 11 can manufacture and supply the electric power necessary for producing and exporting renewable energy (solid fuel and liquid fuel) with zero CO 2 emission evaluation in addition to palm oil, using the vast site. Furthermore, it can be developed as an industrial park in combination with the infrastructure development around the factory. At the same time, the heat of water vapor in the combustion exhaust gas can be recovered, and at the same time, a large amount of clean water can be created and used.
  • the palm plantation 11 builds a network as a locally distributed power plant, the necessary power supply can be easily realized in the new palm plantation plan.
  • SDGs Stustainable Development Goals
  • Palm oil production accounts for more than one-third of the global vegetable oil market.
  • Indonesia's production accounts for more than 50% of palm oil production.
  • the productivity of palm oil produced by oil palm is nearly 10 times that of soybean oil, which is the second largest food oil in the world, and exceeds 3 tons per hectare per year. In other words, the planted area is 1/10 and the same amount of cooking oil can be produced.
  • Oil palm is a tree, and once planted, it can stably produce fruits (FFB) for more than 20 years. More than 20% of vegetable oil for food can be harvested from FFB, and the remaining 80% is partially used.
  • biogas contains about 40% CO 2. If there is a lot of CO 2, it is difficult for a gas engine to operate stably. In addition, the properties of the gas may fluctuate, resulting in unstable combustion. Second, gas engines have a great track record in automobiles. In order to operate the gas engine, constant inspection and management is required, so engineering for inspection and adjustment is required in the field environment of palm plantation. If the operation management is outsourced to an external engineering company, the cost will increase and stable operation has not been achieved.
  • the blades of the gas turbine are rotating bodies, and the basic principle is the same as the water turbines and wind turbines that have been used for power before the Industrial Revolution. Therefore, stable operation can be performed for a long period of time in a state where there is no influence of thermal stress or corrosive substances.
  • Regular GT is generally 5 MW or more, but 200 kW (0.2 MW) or more 5 MW scale equipment is widely used as an emergency power generation device to operate in the event of an earthquake or fire, and its reliability is high. .. In principle, it can withstand long-term use. Recently, 1MW class GT has been developed and sold in Japan. Even if it is considered from the principle, it can be solved by including the procedure of demonstrating and confirming that it can withstand long-term use.
  • the emergency generator usually uses liquid fuel. Therefore, not only the gaseous fuel but also the liquid fuel produced in the palm plantation 11 can be used in the palm plantation 11. From now on, the demand for electric power in the palm plantation 11 will be generated mainly for fuel production, but it is important that the scale and the time when it can be used can be flexibly adjusted according to various surrounding situations. In addition, it is important to ensure the stability of supply because electricity cannot be stored. Palm plantation 11 will provide all of these fuels for the necessary electricity, and there is vast land, and it is possible to create employment in combination with the development of surrounding infrastructure, and it is necessary as an industrial park that will be the driving force for regional revitalization and economic development. There is a function that can increase the electric power with the fuel produced in the palm plantation 11. In other words, local governments can formulate regional development plans and promote commercialization in line with the long-term policies and master plans of local governments of the national and republics.
  • the palm plantation 11 it is most effective to convert and use the biogas and palm oil crude oil (CPO) produced in the plantation as fuel for the highest value-added electric power.
  • CPO biogas and palm oil crude oil
  • the temperature of the exhaust gas after power generation is as high as 700 ° C. or higher, and the exhaust heat recovery boiler 4 can recover sufficient heat as much as a dedicated steam boiler. Since the exhaust heat recovery boiler 4 does not have a combustor, stable operation can be realized. Since electric power cannot be stored, it is basic to collect and use the exhaust gas of two or more GTs for stable operation.
  • CH 4 which is a combustible gas is about 60% in the biogas captured and collected at the palm plantation 11 and the calorific value is small, there is a possibility that the flame blows off at the time of startup and the stability of ignition is low.
  • the response to stable operation can be solved by igniting with the liquid fuel (CPO: palm oil crude oil) that can be supplied at the palm plantation 11 and switching to the gaseous fuel after the combustor becomes stable.
  • CPO palm oil crude oil
  • the GT Based on the gas fuel and liquid fuel produced in the palm plantation 11, the GT generates electricity, and the exhaust heat recovery boiler 4 is a patented system of the evaluation test device and evaluation test system (Patent No. 6446160) registered earlier. Apply the idea. Based on the concept of Zero Waste, a system that makes effective use of the two ultimate power sources and clean water can be realized. In this regard, it has become well-established among stakeholders, including the Indonesian government, to take sustainability (S of Sustainable) and functionally express it as S-GTCC.
  • the exhaust heat recovery boiler 4 incorporates a denitration catalyst 42 to eliminate the emission of air pollutants, and the latent heat of water vapor in the combustion exhaust gas can be exchanged and recovered to the outside air temperature. The collected clean water can be used effectively.
  • the recovered water can be used, for example, in a boiler or the like, and can be produced in a large amount of about twice as much as fuel. Therefore, when GTCC1 is newly introduced to a palm plantation, the system is common, and improvements and improvements such as energy saving, stability of performance, facilitation of operation and inspection management, and securing of economy will be promoted.
  • the exhaust gas temperature can be lowered to the outside air temperature by recovering the latent heat of water vapor in the combustion exhaust gas.
  • the heat recoverable amount is 10% in the case of gaseous fuel and 6% in the case of liquid fuel. Therefore, the improvement of the power generation efficiency in the S-GTCC is about 3% for the gas fuel and about 2% for the liquid fuel when the power generation efficiency of the steam turbine is set to about 30% and converted into the efficiency improvement of the power generation efficiency.
  • the water recovered by the exhaust heat recovery boiler 4 is clean water produced by condensation. This can be effectively used as process steam in the palm plantation 11. It is also possible to supply clean water to the outside of the palm plantation 11, which can contribute to the development of local infrastructure.
  • the water recovered by the exhaust heat recovery boiler 4 is clean water produced by condensation.
  • Palm plantation 11 is used in a vast area, and since there are no residents, there is no concern about air pollution. In S-GTCC, there are no pollutants in the exhaust gas. It is not necessary to consider measures such as leakage of a small amount of ammonia and generation of white smoke. The entire amount of heat recovered from the exhaust gas can be exchanged up to room temperature, and no chimney is required. In fact, in an oil mill (MILL), black smoke is emitted from the chimney due to combustion of a boiler or the like. When this system is used for large-scale power generation using LNG as fuel, the achievements at the palm plantation 11 can exert great power. Since there is no air pollution, the residents are welcomed by the local community without any anxiety. Regionally distributed thermal power plant plans can be agreed upon by the community with virtually no environmental impact assessment procedure. This will create great added value not only in Japan but also in the world.
  • MILL oil mill
  • the private transmission line as a cluster can be used for 6 kV, but the transmission and distribution line is the same as the 22 kV specification. Insulators used in utility poles and steel towers generally use 6kV specifications to reduce initial equipment costs.
  • FIG. 3 shows a model in which private electric wires are progressively deployed in the electric power network of an electric power company.
  • the main line of the electric power company will be installed as if it is not maintained or cannot be used.
  • the voltage is set to 22 kV via a transformer.
  • the private line will be transferred to the electric power company, and the insulator will be replaced with the 22kV specification.
  • Palm plantation 11 is a self-sustaining and locally distributed power plant that uses stable renewable energy with zero CO 2 emission evaluation. By connecting to the main line reasonably and economically when and where it is needed and establishing a local power network, it will become a driving force for regional development. Conventionally, the transmission and distribution network of an electric power company has been planned to have a higher voltage of 66 kV as the main trunk line and 150 kV or more as the main trunk line, but the need for these becomes extremely small.
  • both the gaseous fuel produced by capturing the biogas produced from the waste liquid when palm oil is extracted from the fruit (FFB) produced at the palm plantation 11 and the liquid fuel produced from the palm oil raw material (palm oil crude oil: CPO) are both. It is a stable regenerated energy with zero CO 2 emission evaluation.
  • FFB palm oil is extracted from the fruit
  • CPO palm oil crude oil
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a model of the palm plantation 11.
  • the palm plantation 11 cultivates plants such as oil palm that grow in tropical rainforest areas that are warm and have a lot of rainfall all year round, for example.
  • the area of the palm plantation 11 is, for example, about 200 km 2 .
  • MILL oil mill
  • wastewater ponds 8 adjacent thereto.
  • oil palm fruits FFB: Fresh Fruits Bunch: FFB
  • Electricity and clean water are needed to operate an oil mill. Steam is injected into the fruit (FFB) to extract the oil.
  • the steam used for extraction is condensed and discharged to the wastewater pond 8 as wastewater (POME) containing organic matter mixed with oil.
  • wastewater wastewater
  • organic matter precipitates or decomposes spontaneously.
  • the oil content of POME is decomposed in an anaerobic state to generate biogas, which contains about 60% and about 40% CO 2 , but the composition varies.
  • H 2 S which is a harmful substance in this gas, is adsorbed and removed by a scrubber, purified, and sent to a generator.
  • Palm plantation 11 is at the stage of capturing biogas and using it as fuel for power generation in accordance with the government policy.
  • the Indonesian government has been working on 1MW scale power generation with a gas engine since around 2010, but the performance as a power generation facility is not stable because the engineering company is still devising and operating it.
  • GT is a system that rotates blades in the same way as wind turbines and water turbines in order to extract power from before the Industrial Revolution, and its performance is stable in principle. It has the characteristic that it can be operated stably for a long period of time without much human intervention. Also, unlike a gas engine, it is compact and can take out a large output by rotating it at high speed. For this reason, the function of an emergency generator that can be operated by turning on the switch in the event of a fire or earthquake has been highly evaluated, and it has become widespread from 0.2 MW to 5 MW and even larger capacity GTs.
  • liquid fuel is basically used as fuel
  • the gas turbine has a structure and method in which the amount of combustion air is about four times the theoretical amount of air to lower the combustion temperature and maintain the heat resistance of the turbine blades.
  • the basic configuration is to install a plurality of units for gas fuel and liquid fuel that can be self-sufficient in the palm plantation 11 in order to secure the output of electric power and to provide a stable supply.
  • a plurality of each can be installed.
  • the combination of liquid fuel and gaseous fuel that can be produced from the fruits (FFB) of Palm Farm 11 makes it possible to supply a large amount of power with the highest added value. Therefore, the palm plantation 11 can greatly contribute to the national master plan and the development plan of the local government as a regional industrial park as a regional distributed power plant using stable renewable energy with zero CO 2 emission evaluation. It is hoped that the demonstration of the power generation system will proceed as soon as possible. Once the basic performance is confirmed by the demonstration device, it will be possible to accelerate the practical application by adopting and demonstrating the same type of machine at a plurality of palm plantations 11.
  • the exhaust gas temperature at the GT outlet which is based on the installation of multiple units of gas fuel and liquid fuel, is 700 ° C or higher. Take it out. Remove air pollutants in the exhaust gas to recover all exhaust heat. H 2 S in the biogas is removed by the scrubber in the purification unit of the gas. Since NOx is generated at the GT outlet due to combustion, NOx is removed by injecting an equivalent amount or more of NH 3 into the NOx. This denitration reaction is carried out via a reduction catalyst. A heat exchanger exchanges heat between liquid and gas. The exhaust gas is designed to exchange heat up to room temperature. Since there are no air pollutants in the exhaust gas, it is a small-scale system in the palm plantation 11 and does not require a chimney.
  • the essential items are H 2 S measured at the GT inlet, NOx concentration and exhaust gas amount at the GT outlet, components in the recovered water, PH, and exhaust gas amount and temperature (measured at the inlet and outlet of each device).
  • Coordination of power supply and demand with the outside is also a great merit.
  • the electricity generated at the palm plantation is a stable renewable energy with a zero CO 2 emission rating, which is extremely desirable as a measure against global warming.
  • High-voltage power transmission line refers to an electric wire used in an electric line having a nominal voltage (JEC standard) of 6 kV.
  • JEC standard nominal voltage
  • the cost of wires used for power lines with low nominal voltage is lower than the cost of wires used for power lines with high nominal voltage.
  • the nominal voltage (JEC standard) is 22 kV
  • the specifications of the transmission line are the same as when the nominal voltage is 6 kV.
  • W 3 1/2 ⁇ EIcos ⁇ .
  • W electric power (kW)
  • E voltage (V)
  • I current (kA).
  • E voltage
  • I current
  • the electric power company will replace it with an insulator 22kV. It will be.
  • the liquid fuel produced at the palm plantation 11 has the potential to support an electric power supply of as much as 30 MW.
  • the wire is an important infrastructure, the use of 80 mm 2 instead 60 mm 2, there is also a choice that can be further corresponding to the large electric power.
  • the power supply system 10 includes a gas fuel supply device 7 that recovers gas fuel from a storage device 80 that stores products produced in the palm plantation 11 and supplies the gas fuel to GTCC 1. There is. According to this configuration, the gas fuel supply device 7 recovers the gas fuel from the storage device 80, and the gas fuel is supplied to the power generation device 2 to generate electricity, which can be used in the palm plantation 11.
  • the power supply system 10 is provided with a device for refining and supplying as fuel for a gas turbine based on palm oil crude oil (CPO) squeezed and produced at the palm plantation 11.
  • the liquid fuel supply device supplies the liquid fuel to the gas turbine via the oil storage device to generate electricity, and the electric power can be used in the palm plantation 11.
  • GTCC1 since electric power cannot be stored, it is important for GTCC1 to effectively function the feature that the output of the generated electric power can be adjusted in a form commensurate with the required electric energy.
  • the recovered water can be supplied in large quantities as boiler water used in oil mills by measuring trace substances such as N and S and controlling the pH to be alkaline of 7 or more. ..
  • trace substances such as N and S
  • the pH is controlled by measuring trace substances such as N and S and controlling the pH to be alkaline of 7 or more. ..
  • the amount of water required is 29% of fruit (FFB) and 24% of palm oil. Therefore, since the maximum water supply capacity from the liquid fuel is as large as 50% or more, it is possible to cover all the water supply capacity required in the palm farm.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
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JP2023158288A (ja) * 2022-04-18 2023-10-30 オルガノ株式会社 バーチャルパワーフルードプラントとその運転方法

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