WO2021174540A1 - 调光玻璃及其制备方法、调光玻璃系统及其驱动方法 - Google Patents

调光玻璃及其制备方法、调光玻璃系统及其驱动方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021174540A1
WO2021174540A1 PCT/CN2020/078247 CN2020078247W WO2021174540A1 WO 2021174540 A1 WO2021174540 A1 WO 2021174540A1 CN 2020078247 W CN2020078247 W CN 2020078247W WO 2021174540 A1 WO2021174540 A1 WO 2021174540A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
substrate
temperature sensor
liquid crystal
dimming
crystal layer
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/078247
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
胡忠
孟晨
王永波
唐玉涛
石巍
刘彬彬
刘佳荣
胡大海
钟文杰
Original Assignee
京东方科技集团股份有限公司
北京京东方传感技术有限公司
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Application filed by 京东方科技集团股份有限公司, 北京京东方传感技术有限公司 filed Critical 京东方科技集团股份有限公司
Priority to CN202080000230.1A priority Critical patent/CN113631995B/zh
Priority to US17/259,353 priority patent/US11614645B2/en
Priority to PCT/CN2020/078247 priority patent/WO2021174540A1/zh
Publication of WO2021174540A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021174540A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/13306—Circuit arrangements or driving methods for the control of single liquid crystal cells
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
    • E06B9/24—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K1/00—Details of thermometers not specially adapted for particular types of thermometer
    • G01K1/14—Supports; Fastening devices; Arrangements for mounting thermometers in particular locations
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K7/00—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
    • G01K7/16—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using resistive elements
    • G01K7/22—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using resistive elements the element being a non-linear resistance, e.g. thermistor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
    • E06B9/24—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds
    • E06B2009/2464—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds featuring transparency control by applying voltage, e.g. LCD, electrochromic panels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
    • G02F1/13725—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on guest-host interaction
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2201/00—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00
    • G02F2201/50—Protective arrangements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2202/00—Materials and properties
    • G02F2202/04—Materials and properties dye
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2203/00—Function characteristic
    • G02F2203/48—Variable attenuator

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the technical field of glass, in particular to a dimming glass and a preparation method thereof, a dimming glass system and a driving method thereof.
  • the dimming glass is a kind of glass that can realize the change of light transmittance (that is, the gradual change between the transparent state and the opaque state) by means of electric control, temperature control, light control, or voltage control.
  • a dimming glass includes: a first substrate and a second substrate disposed opposite to each other; a dye liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate; and, disposed on the first substrate and the second substrate. At least one temperature sensor between the substrates. The at least one temperature sensor is configured to detect the temperature of the dye liquid crystal layer.
  • the at least one temperature sensor is disposed on a side of the first substrate close to the second substrate, and/or the at least one temperature sensor is disposed on a side close to the second substrate. Said one side of the first substrate.
  • the dimming glass has a main area and an edge area located on at least one side of the main area.
  • the dye liquid crystal layer is located in the main area; the at least one temperature sensor is located in the edge area of the dimming glass.
  • the at least one temperature sensor includes at least one of a positive temperature coefficient thermistor and a negative temperature coefficient thermistor.
  • each temperature sensor includes: a conductive body disposed on the first substrate or the second substrate; a sensing electrode electrically connected to the conductive body; and, covering the conductive body And the protective layer on the sensing electrode.
  • the material of the conductive body includes a heat-sensitive material.
  • the first substrate includes: a first base substrate; a first dimming electrode provided on one side of the first base substrate; The first alignment film on one side of the first base substrate.
  • the second substrate includes: a second base substrate; a second dimming electrode disposed on a side of the second base substrate close to the first substrate; and, a second dimming electrode disposed near the second base substrate. The second alignment film on one side of the first substrate.
  • each temperature sensor when each temperature sensor includes a sensing electrode, the material of the sensing electrode, the material of the first dimming electrode, and the material of the second dimming electrode all include transparent Conductive material.
  • the sensing electrode and the first dimming electrode are made of the same material and provided in the same layer .
  • the sensing electrode and the second dimming electrode are made of the same material and arranged in the same layer.
  • the dimming glass further includes: a sealant disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate.
  • the frame sealing glue surrounds the dye liquid crystal layer, and at least a part of the frame sealing glue is located between the dye liquid crystal layer and the at least one temperature sensor.
  • the preparation method of the dimming glass includes: preparing a first substrate and a second substrate; forming at least one temperature sensor on the first substrate and/or the second substrate; A dye liquid crystal layer is formed between the two substrates.
  • the at least one temperature sensor is located between the first substrate and the second substrate, and the at least one temperature sensor is configured to detect the temperature of the dye liquid crystal layer.
  • each temperature sensor includes: a conductive body, a sensing electrode electrically connected to the conductive body, and a protective layer covering the conductive body and the sensing electrode.
  • Forming the temperature sensor includes: forming a first conductive film on the first substrate or the second substrate; patterning the first conductive film to form the conductive body; on one side of the conductive body Forming a second conductive film; patterning the second conductive film to form the sensing electrode; forming the protective layer on one side of the conductive body and the sensing electrode.
  • the first substrate includes a first dimming electrode
  • the second substrate includes a second dimming electrode.
  • the first dimming electrode is also formed while the second conductive film is patterned to form the sensing electrode; in the temperature sensor In the case of being arranged on the second substrate, when the second conductive film is patterned to form the sensing electrode, the second dimming electrode is also formed.
  • the preparation method further includes: forming a sealant between the first substrate and the second substrate; the sealant surrounds the dye liquid crystal layer and seals at least a part of the frame
  • the glue is located between the dye liquid crystal layer and the at least one temperature sensor.
  • a dimming glass system in another aspect, includes: the dimming glass as described in some of the above embodiments; and, a controller electrically connected to at least one temperature sensor in the dimming glass.
  • the controller is configured to control the at least one temperature sensor to detect the temperature of the dye liquid crystal layer in the dimming glass, obtain the detection signal of the at least one temperature sensor, and adjust the temperature according to the detection signal.
  • the optical glass transmission is used to control the driving voltage of the dye liquid crystal layer.
  • a driving method of a dimming glass system is provided.
  • the driving method is applied to the dimming glass system as described in some of the above embodiments.
  • the driving method includes: the controller controls the operation of at least one temperature sensor in the dimming glass; the at least one temperature sensor detects the temperature of the dye liquid crystal layer in the dimming glass, generates a detection signal, and transmits the detection signal To the controller; the controller obtains the temperature of the dye liquid crystal layer according to the detection signal, and adjusts the driving voltage of the dye liquid crystal layer according to the temperature of the dye liquid crystal layer.
  • the adjusting according to the temperature of the dye liquid crystal layer for controlling the driving voltage of the dye liquid crystal layer includes: adjusting the value of the driving voltage, and/or adjusting the frequency of the driving voltage .
  • Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a dimming glass according to some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of another dimming glass according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG 3 is an enlarged view of the temperature sensor shown in Figure 2;
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the dimming glass shown in Figure 2 along the A-A' direction;
  • Figure 5 is another cross-sectional view of the dimming glass shown in Figure 2 along the A-A' direction;
  • Fig. 6 is a flowchart of a method for preparing a dimming glass in some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 7 is a flow chart of a method for manufacturing a temperature sensor in some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 8 is a preparation flow chart of a dimming glass according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 9 is a structural diagram of a dimming glass system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 10 is a structural diagram of a controller according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 11 is a flowchart of a driving method of a dimming glass system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 12 is a graph of the transmittance of a dimming glass system as a function of driving voltage in some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • first and second are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features. In the description of the embodiments of the present disclosure, unless otherwise specified, “plurality” means two or more.
  • At least one of A, B, and C has the same meaning as “at least one of A, B, or C", and both include the following combinations of A, B, and C: only A, only B, only C, A and B The combination of A and C, the combination of B and C, and the combination of A, B and C.
  • a and/or B includes the following three combinations: A only, B only, and the combination of A and B.
  • the dimming glass usually includes two substrates arranged opposite to each other, and a liquid crystal layer arranged between the two substrates. In this way, by controlling the driving voltage applied to both sides of the liquid crystal layer, the deflection state of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer can be controlled, and the light transmittance of the dimming glass (that is, the gradual change between the transparent state and the opaque state) can be achieved. )control.
  • the above-mentioned dimming glass includes a normally white mode dimming glass, that is, when no driving voltage is applied to the dimming glass, the dimming glass is in a transparent state (that is, the light transmittance is 100% or about 100%); As the value of the driving voltage increases, the light transmittance of the dimming glass gradually decreases, gradually changing from a transparent state to an opaque state (that is, the light transmittance is 0 or approximately 0).
  • the liquid crystal molecules in the above-mentioned liquid crystal layer are easily affected by temperature. For example, at a higher temperature, their activity will increase. Under the condition of providing the same driving voltage, the deflection angle of the liquid crystal molecules at a higher temperature will be greater than that of the liquid crystal molecules at a lower temperature, so that the light transmittance of the dimming glass in a higher temperature environment is greater than that of the liquid crystal molecules at a higher temperature. The light transmittance of dimming glass in a low environment.
  • the dimming glass when the temperature of the liquid crystal molecules at different positions is different and the driving voltage is the driving voltage corresponding to the opaque state, the light transmittance at the higher temperature position increases, and bright spots appear, so The dimming glass has a bad phenomenon of sanding.
  • the dimming glass system includes a dimming glass 100 and a controller 200.
  • the dimming glass 100 includes: a dye liquid crystal layer 3 and at least one temperature sensor 4.
  • the at least one temperature sensor 4 is configured to detect the temperature of the dye liquid crystal layer 3.
  • the above-mentioned controller 200 is electrically connected to the at least one temperature sensor 4 in the dimming glass 100, and is configured to control the at least one temperature sensor 4 to detect the dye liquid crystal layer in the dimming glass 10. 3, the detection signal of the at least one temperature sensor 4 is acquired, and the driving voltage for controlling the dye liquid crystal layer 3 is transmitted to the dimming glass 100 according to the detection signal.
  • the controller 200 transmits a driving voltage for controlling the dye liquid crystal layer 3 to the dimming glass 100 according to the detection signal, and is schematically described.
  • the controller 200 transmits a driving voltage to the dimming glass 100 to control the deflection state of the liquid crystal molecules in the dye liquid crystal layer 3, and to control the light transmission of the dimming glass 100. Overrate. At the same time, the controller 200 can control the aforementioned at least one temperature sensor 4 to detect the temperature of the dye liquid crystal layer 3 in real time. After the controller 200 obtains the detection signal of the at least one temperature sensor 4 (the signal corresponding to the temperature of the dye liquid crystal layer 3), the controller 200 may adjust the transmission to the dye liquid crystal layer according to the mapping table between the temperature and the driving voltage. 3 drive voltage.
  • the deflection state of the liquid crystal molecules at different positions in the dye liquid crystal layer 3 can be a more ideal deflection state, so that the light transmittance at different positions in the dimming glass 100 is a more ideal light transmittance, weakening or even eliminating Defective phenomenon of sanding of the dimmer glass 100.
  • the dimming glass 100 includes: a first substrate 1 and a second substrate 2 arranged opposite to each other.
  • the above-mentioned first substrate 1 includes a first base substrate 11, a first dimming electrode 12 disposed on one side of the first base substrate 11, and a first dimming electrode 11
  • the first alignment film 13 on the side away from the first base substrate 11.
  • the above-mentioned second substrate 2 includes a second base substrate 21, a second dimming electrode 22 disposed on the side of the second base substrate 21 close to the first substrate 1, and a second dimming electrode 22 disposed on the side of the second dimming electrode 21 close to the first substrate.
  • the type of the first base substrate 11 and the type of the second base substrate 21 may be the same or different, as long as they can transmit light.
  • the first base substrate 11 and the second base substrate 21 may be light-transmissive glass base substrates. In this way, when the dimming glass 100 is in a transparent state, it can be ensured that the dimming glass 100 has a better light transmittance.
  • the materials of the first dimming electrode 12 and the second dimming electrode 22 may be the same or different, so that the first dimming electrode 12 and the second dimming electrode 22 can transmit light.
  • the first dimming electrode 12 and the second dimming electrode 22 are made of the same material, and the material includes a transparent conductive material.
  • the material includes a transparent conductive material.
  • indium tin oxide Indium Tin Oxide, ITO for short
  • IZO Indium Zinc Oxide
  • ITO or IZO are both conductive materials with high light transmittance, so that when the light control glass 100 is in a transparent state, it can ensure that the light control glass 100 has a good light transmittance, and avoid the first adjustment
  • the photoelectrode 12 and the second dimming electrode 22 create a bad impression on the light transmittance of the dimming glass 100.
  • the materials of the first alignment film 13 and the second alignment film 23 may be the same or different, so that the first alignment film 13 and the second alignment film 23 can transmit light.
  • the materials of the first alignment film 13 and the second alignment film 23 are the same, and the material may be a mixture of polyimide, N-methylpyrrolidone and ethylene glycol butyl ether, or the material may be acrylic hydroxy A polymer of ethyl ester, 3-isocyanatomethylene-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexyl isocyanate, bisphenol propane or 1,4-cyclohexanediol. In this way, when the dimming glass 100 is in a transparent state, it can be ensured that the dimming glass 100 has a better light transmittance.
  • the dimmer glass 100 further includes a dye liquid crystal layer 3.
  • the dye liquid crystal layer 3 is provided between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2, that is, between the first alignment film 13 and the second alignment film 23.
  • the dye liquid crystal layer 3 includes liquid crystal molecules 31 and light-absorbing ions 32 capable of absorbing light.
  • the molecular axis of the light-absorbing ions 32 and the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules 31 are substantially aligned in parallel.
  • the light-absorbing ions 32 will rotate in the same phase with the liquid crystal molecules 31 under the action of the force between the liquid crystal molecules.
  • the rotation angle of the light-absorbing ions 32 is different, the light absorption rate is different, and the light blocking effect is different.
  • controller 200 transmits the driving voltage to control the dye liquid crystal layer 3, it transmits the driving voltage to the first dimming electrode 12 and the second dimming electrode 22 to control the dye liquid crystal layer 3.
  • the dimming glass 100 further includes the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2, and is connected to the first dimming electrode 12 and the second dimming electrode 22, respectively. Electrode lead 7 for electrical connection.
  • the controller 200 may be electrically connected to the electrode lead 7, and transmit the driving voltage to the first dimming electrode 12 and the second dimming electrode 22 through the electrode lead 7.
  • the dimming glass 100 is a dimming glass in a normally white mode.
  • the light-absorbing ions 32 are randomly dispersed between the first alignment film 13 and the second alignment film 23.
  • the light-absorbing ions 32 basically do not absorb the light, so that the light can relatively completely pass through the light-adjusting glass 100 (that is, the light transmittance of the light-adjusting glass 100 is 100 % Or approximately 100%), thereby making the dimming glass 100 in a transparent state.
  • the driving voltage is transmitted to the first dimming electrode 12 and the second dimming electrode 22 (for example, the voltage transmitted to the first dimming electrode 12 is positive).
  • the voltage, the voltage transmitted to the second dimming electrode 22 is a negative voltage
  • an electric field is generated between the first dimming electrode 12 and the second dimming electrode 22, and the liquid crystal molecules 31 are deflected under the action of the electric field and drive light absorption
  • the ion 32 rotates.
  • the liquid crystal molecules 31 are deflected to a state where their long axis is parallel to the first alignment film 13 (or the second alignment film 23), and the light-absorbing ions 32 are controlled to rotate until their molecular axis is parallel to the first alignment film 13 (or the second alignment film).
  • the state of the film 23) allows the light-absorbing ions 32 to form a layered structure.
  • the light-absorbing ions 32 can absorb the light relatively completely, making it difficult for light to pass through the light-adjusting glass 100 (that is, the light transmittance of the light-adjusting glass 100 is 0 or It is approximately 0), which in turn makes the dimming glass 100 in an opaque state.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited to the dimming glass 100 of the above-mentioned mode.
  • the dimming glass 100 further includes at least one temperature sensor 4. That is, the dimming glass 100 may include one temperature sensor 4 (for example, as shown in FIG. 2), or may include a plurality of temperature sensors 4 (for example, as shown in FIG. 1). Here, the number of temperature sensors 4 can be selected and set according to actual needs.
  • the number of temperature sensors 4 may be small (for example, one or two).
  • the number of temperature sensors 4 may be larger (for example, 4 or 5).
  • the multiple temperature sensors 4 can be used to detect the temperature of multiple positions of the dye liquid crystal layer 3, which is beneficial to improve the accuracy of the temperature detection result of the dye liquid crystal layer 3.
  • the above-mentioned at least one temperature sensor 4 is arranged between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2, but is not arranged on the surface of the first substrate 1 away from the second substrate 2, or the second substrate 2 is away from the first substrate. On one side surface of the substrate 1 (that is, the outside of the dimming glass 100).
  • the at least one temperature sensor 4 and the dye liquid crystal layer 3 can be in the same environment, compared to the at least one temperature sensor 4 It is arranged outside the dimming glass 100, and in the process of using the at least one temperature sensor 4 to detect the temperature of the dye liquid crystal layer 3, it can avoid the interference of the external environment temperature, or avoid the temperature or the first substrate 11
  • the interference of the temperature of the two base substrates 12 is beneficial to improve the accuracy of the results detected by the at least one temperature sensor 4 and more accurately reflect the temperature state of the dye liquid crystal layer 3.
  • the dye liquid crystal layer 3 is disposed between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2, and at least one temperature sensor that detects the temperature of the dye liquid crystal layer 3 is provided. 4 is also arranged between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2, which can effectively improve the accuracy of the detection result of the at least one temperature sensor 4. Moreover, when the dimming glass is applied to the dimming glass system 1000, the controller 200 can obtain a more accurate detection signal from the at least one temperature sensor 4, so that the controller 200 can transmit a more accurate detection signal. Drive voltage to the dye liquid crystal layer 3.
  • the at least one temperature sensor 4 there are multiple locations for the at least one temperature sensor 4, which can be selected and set according to actual needs.
  • the at least one temperature sensor 4 is disposed on a side of the first substrate 1 close to the second substrate 2, and/or, the at least one temperature sensor 4 is disposed on a side of the second substrate 2 close to the first substrate 1. One side.
  • the temperature sensor 4 can be arranged on the side of the first substrate 1 close to the second substrate 2, or can also be arranged on the second substrate 2 close to the first substrate.
  • the multiple temperature sensors 4 may all be arranged on the side of the first substrate 1 close to the second substrate 2, or all of them may be arranged close to the second substrate 2.
  • One side of the first substrate 1, or a part of the temperature sensors 4 of the plurality of temperature sensors 4 are arranged on the side of the first substrate 1 close to the second substrate 2, and the remaining part is arranged on the second substrate 2 close to the first substrate 2.
  • the dimmer glass 100 has a main area Q1 and an edge area Q2 located on at least one side of the main area Q1.
  • the above-mentioned dimming glass 100 has a variety of structures, which can be selected and set according to actual needs.
  • the periphery of the dimming glass 100 has an edge area Q2. That is, the edge area Q2 surrounds the main area Q1.
  • a part of the periphery of the dimming glass 100 has an edge area Q2, and the other part has no edge area Q2. That is, the edge area Q2 does not surround the main area Q1.
  • the edge area Q2 is located on opposite sides of the main area Q1.
  • the edge area Q2 is located on the adjacent two sides of the main area Q1.
  • the edge area Q2 is located on multiple sides of the main area Q1.
  • the dye liquid crystal layer 3 is located in the main area Q1, and the aforementioned at least one temperature sensor 4 is located in the edge area Q2 of the dimming glass 100.
  • the dye liquid crystal layer 3 can prevent the dye liquid crystal layer 3 from adversely affecting the working performance of the at least one temperature sensor 4.
  • the at least one temperature sensor 4 is disposed in the edge area Q2 of the dimming glass 100, including various positions.
  • the setting position is related to the ambient temperature where the dimming glass 100 is located.
  • the temperature of the environment where the dimming glass 100 is located is relatively uniform, and there is basically no difference in temperature at different positions of the dimming glass 100.
  • the at least one temperature sensor 4 can be arranged at any position in the edge area Q2.
  • the temperature of the environment where the light-adjustable glass 100 is located is not uniform, and the temperature at different positions of the light-adjustable glass 100 varies greatly.
  • at least a part of the at least one temperature sensor 4 may be disposed at a higher temperature position in the edge area Q2 (for example, a position with the highest temperature).
  • the dimming glass 100 further includes: a sealant 5 arranged between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2.
  • the material of the frame sealant 5 may be, for example, a material capable of transmitting light.
  • the above-mentioned frame sealing glue 5 surrounds the dye liquid crystal layer 3.
  • the frame sealant 5 can seal the dye liquid crystal layer 3 in the sealed space formed by the first substrate 1, the second substrate 2 and the frame sealant 5 while bonding the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2.
  • the dye liquid crystal layer 3 is protected.
  • At least a part of the sealant 5 is located between the dye liquid crystal layer 3 and the at least one temperature sensor 4.
  • the at least a part of the frame sealant 5 can be used to isolate the dye liquid crystal layer 3 and the at least one temperature sensor 4 in different areas, so as to prevent the dye liquid crystal layer 3 from entering the edge area Q2 and avoid affecting the at least one temperature sensor. 4 work performance.
  • the orthographic projection of at least a part of the sealant 5 on the first base substrate 11 is the same as the orthographic projection of the at least one temperature sensor 4 on the first base substrate 11.
  • the projections are overlapped. That is, the at least a part of the sealant 5 partially covers or completely covers the at least one temperature sensor 4. In this way, the at least one part of the sealant 5 can be used to protect the at least one temperature sensor 4, and the at least one temperature sensor 4 can be relatively firmly bonded between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2.
  • the at least one temperature sensor 4 includes multiple types, which can be selected and set according to actual needs.
  • the at least one temperature sensor 4 includes at least one of a positive temperature coefficient thermistor (PTC) and a negative temperature coefficient thermistor (NTC). That is, when the number of temperature sensors 4 is one, the type of the temperature sensor 4 can be PTC or NTC; when the number of temperature sensors 4 is more than one, the multiple temperature sensors 4 Type 4 can all be PTC, or all can be NTC, or one part can be PTC, and the other part can be NTC.
  • PTC positive temperature coefficient thermistor
  • NTC negative temperature coefficient thermistor
  • the resistance value of the PTC will increase as the temperature increases, and the resistance value of the NTC will increase as the temperature decreases.
  • each temperature sensor 4 includes: a conductive body 41 disposed on the first substrate 1 or the second substrate 2, and the conductive body 41 The sensing electrode 42 electrically connected to 41, and the protective layer 43 covering the conductive body 41 and the sensing electrode 42.
  • the protective layer 43 is configured to protect the conductive body 41 and the sensing electrode 42 to prevent the conductive body 41 and the sensing electrode 42 from being damaged and affecting the working performance of the temperature sensor 4.
  • the material of the protective layer 43 includes an insulating material.
  • the insulating material may be an inorganic insulating material, such as silicon nitride; the insulating material may also be an organic insulating material, such as a resin material.
  • the above-mentioned conductive body 41 is provided on the first substrate 1 or the second substrate 2 means that the conductive body 41 is provided on the side of the first base substrate 11 that is close to the second substrate 2, or is provided on the second substrate.
  • the side of the second base substrate 21 close to the first substrate 1.
  • the conductive body 41 is configured to detect the temperature of the dye liquid crystal layer 3.
  • the material of the conductive body 41 includes a heat-sensitive material, and the heat-sensitive material includes a thermistor alloy material, such as platinum-iridium alloy or nickel-chromium alloy.
  • the conductive body 41 can also have a relatively large resistivity and temperature coefficient of resistance, so that the resistance value of the conductive body 41 changes significantly with temperature. It is beneficial to improve the sensitivity of the temperature sensor 4.
  • that the controller 200 is electrically connected to the temperature sensor 4 means that the controller 200 is electrically connected to the sensing electrode 42 in the temperature sensor 4.
  • the sensing electrode 42 is configured to transmit the detection signal generated by the conductive body 41 so that the controller 200 can obtain the detection signal generated by the conductive body 41 through the sensing electrode 42.
  • Each conductive body 41 can be electrically connected to a plurality of sensing electrodes 42. Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 3, each conductive body 41 is electrically connected to two sensing electrodes 42.
  • the material of the above-mentioned sensing electrode 42 includes a variety of materials.
  • the material of the sensing electrode 42 includes a transparent conductive material, such as ITO with high light transmittance. Since ITO has a relatively high conductivity, the use of ITO to form the sensing electrode 42 can not only avoid affecting the transmittance of the dimming glass 100, but also ensure the detection signal transmission efficiency of the sensing electrode 42.
  • the temperature sensor 4 in each sensor 4 includes a transparent conductive material, and the materials of the first dimming electrode 12 and the second dimming electrode 22 also include a transparent conductive material
  • the temperature sensor 4 In the case of being arranged on the first substrate 1, the sensor electrode 42 can be made of the same material as the first dimming electrode 12 (for example, both are ITO) and arranged in the same layer; in the case of the temperature sensor 4 being arranged on the second substrate 2 Below, the sensor electrode 42 can be made of the same material as the second dimming electrode 22 (for example, both are ITO) and arranged in the same layer.
  • the "same layer” mentioned in this article refers to a layer structure formed by using the same film forming process to form a film layer for forming a specific pattern, and then using the same mask to form a layer structure through a patterning process.
  • a patterning process may include multiple exposure, development or etching processes, and the specific patterns in the formed layer structure may be continuous or discontinuous, and these specific patterns may also be at different heights. Or have different thicknesses.
  • the sensing electrode 42 and the first dimming electrode 12 can be fabricated at the same time; when the temperature sensor 4 is disposed on the second substrate 2, it can be The sensing electrode 42 and the second dimming electrode 22 are fabricated at the same time. This is beneficial to reduce the thickness of the dimming glass 100 and simplify the manufacturing process of the dimming glass 100.
  • the present disclosure integrates the temperature sensor 4 inside the dimming glass 100 and is in the same environment as the dye liquid crystal layer 3, instead of being glued to the inside or outside of the dimming glass 100.
  • the temperature sensor 4 may fall off.
  • the light control glass 100 is applied to the hollow glass, compared to disposing the temperature sensor 4 outside the light control glass 100, it is advantageous to reduce the manufacturing difficulty.
  • Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method for preparing dimming glass. As shown in Figure 6, the preparation method includes S100-S300.
  • the first substrate 1 is prepared, including S110a to S130a.
  • a first base substrate 11 is provided.
  • a first transparent conductive material film is formed on one side of the first base substrate 11, and the first transparent conductive material film is patterned to form the first dimming electrode 12.
  • a sputtering process, a deposition process, or an evaporation process may be used to form the first transparent conductive material film
  • a photolithography process may be used to pattern the first transparent conductive material film.
  • a first alignment film is coated on the side of the first dimming electrode 12 away from the first base substrate 11, and the first alignment film is cured to form a first alignment ⁇ 13 ⁇ Film 13.
  • the materials of the first base substrate 11, the first dimming electrode 12 and the first alignment film 13 can refer to the related content in some of the above-mentioned embodiments.
  • the second substrate 2 is prepared, including S110b to S130b.
  • a second base substrate 21 is provided.
  • a sputtering process, a deposition process, or an evaporation process may be used to form the second transparent conductive material film
  • a photolithography process may be used to pattern the second transparent conductive material film.
  • the materials of the second base substrate 21, the second dimming electrode 22 and the second alignment film 23 can refer to the related content in some of the above-mentioned embodiments.
  • the flow chart of preparing the second dimming electrode 22 and the second alignment film 23 can refer to the flow chart shown in FIG. 8.
  • At least one temperature sensor 4 is formed on the first substrate 1 and/or the second substrate 2.
  • the above-mentioned at least one temperature sensor 4 may be formed on the first substrate 1, or may be formed on the second substrate 2, or may be formed on both the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2.
  • At least one temperature sensor 4 is formed on the first substrate 1 as an example. After the at least one temperature sensor 4 is formed on the first substrate 1, it is located on the same side of the first base substrate 11 as the first alignment film 13.
  • a dye liquid crystal layer 3 is formed between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2.
  • the at least one temperature sensor 4 is located between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2, and the at least one temperature sensor 4 is configured to detect the temperature of the dye liquid crystal layer 3.
  • the method for preparing the dimming glass further includes: forming a sealant 5 between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2.
  • the frame sealing glue 5 surrounds the dye liquid crystal layer 3, and at least a part of the frame sealing glue 5 is located between the dye liquid crystal layer 3 and the at least one temperature sensor 4.
  • the dye liquid crystal layer 3 is formed between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2, including multiple formation methods.
  • the way of forming the dye liquid crystal layer 3 is related to the forming position of the sealant 5.
  • the sealant 5 is formed on one side of one of the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2, and the sealant 5 is closed Ring structure (for example, square ring or circular ring).
  • the dye liquid crystal can be coated or dripped in the area enclosed by the sealant 5, and then the other of the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2 can be placed on one side of the dye liquid crystal, and the sealing Frame glue 5 is glued.
  • the above-mentioned dye liquid crystal is formed as a dye liquid crystal layer 3, and the dye liquid crystal layer 3 is located between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2.
  • the dye liquid crystal layer 3 and the aforementioned at least one temperature sensor 4 are respectively located on both sides of the frame sealant 5 to prevent the dye liquid crystal from flowing to the position where the at least one temperature sensor 4 is located.
  • the sealant 5 is formed between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2, so that the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2 are bonded together by the sealant 5 to form a cavity.
  • the frame sealant 5 is provided with an opening and is in an unclosed ring structure (for example, a square ring or a circular ring).
  • the dye liquid crystal can be poured between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2 through the opening, and then the opening can be closed, so that the dye liquid crystal is formed into the dye liquid crystal layer 3, and the dye liquid crystal layer 3 is located Between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2.
  • the above-mentioned at least one temperature sensor 4 is located outside the cavity, so that the formed dye liquid crystal layer 3 and the at least one temperature sensor 4 are respectively located on both sides of the frame sealant 5, which can avoid dye
  • the liquid crystal flows to the position where the at least one temperature sensor 4 is located.
  • the dye liquid crystal layer 3 is located between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2, that is, the dye liquid crystal layer 3 is located between the first alignment film 13 and the second alignment film 23. In this way, after the dye liquid crystal layer 3 is formed, the at least one temperature sensor 4 formed on the first substrate 1 and/or the second substrate 2 is naturally located between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2.
  • the orthographic projection of the sealant 5 on the first substrate 1 overlaps the orthographic projection of the at least one temperature sensor 4 on the first substrate 1.
  • the frame sealant 5 can be used to bond the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2, and the frame sealant 5 can also be used to firmly bond the at least one temperature sensor 4 between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2. In this way, the at least one temperature sensor 4 is prevented from being separated from between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2.
  • the beneficial effects that can be achieved by the method for preparing the dimming glass provided in some embodiments of the present disclosure are the same as the beneficial effects that can be achieved by the dimming glass 100 provided in some of the foregoing embodiments, and will not be repeated here.
  • step numbers for example, S110a-S130a, S110b-S130b, or S100-S300
  • S110a-S130a, S110b-S130b, or S100-S300 are only for a clear description of the content of each step, and do not describe the steps of preparing the dimming glass 100.
  • the sequence is limited, and the sequence of the steps for preparing the dimming glass 100 can be set according to actual needs.
  • each temperature sensor 4 includes: a conductive body 41, a sensing electrode 42 electrically connected to the conductive body 41, and a protective layer covering the conductive body 41 and the sensing electrode 42 43. As shown in FIG. 7, the temperature sensor 4 is formed, including S210 to S250.
  • a first conductive film 41' is formed on the first substrate 1 or the second substrate 2.
  • a sputtering process, a deposition process, or an evaporation process may be used to form the first conductive film 41'.
  • the material of the first conductive film 41' may be platinum-iridium alloy or nickel-chromium alloy or the like.
  • the first conductive film 41' is patterned to form a conductive body 41.
  • forming the conductive body 41 in S220 includes: coating photoresist on one side of the first conductive film 41', and patterning the photoresist by using a photolithography process; and using the patterned photoresist For the mask, the first conductive film is etched 41' by using a wet etching process or a dry etching process to form a conductive body 41.
  • a second conductive film 42' is formed on one side of the conductive body.
  • a sputtering process, a deposition process, or an evaporation process may be used to form the second conductive film 42'.
  • the material of the second conductive film 42' may be ITO.
  • a conductive body protection layer (for example, a photoresist layer) 6 is also formed on one surface of the conductive body 41.
  • the conductive body protection layer 6 exposes the portion of the conductive body 41 that is used for electrical connection with the subsequently formed sensor electrode 42.
  • the conductive body 41 can be protected to prevent the conductive body 41 from being contaminated and damaged in the subsequent process of forming the sensing electrode 42.
  • the second conductive film 42' is patterned to form the sensing electrode 42.
  • forming the sensing electrode 42 in S240 includes: coating photoresist on one side of the second conductive film 42', and patterning the photoresist by using a photolithography process;
  • the glue is a mask, and the second conductive film is etched 42' by a wet etching process or a dry etching process to form the sensing electrode 42.
  • the sensing electrode 42 is formed, the patterned photoresist and the conductive body protective layer 6 are also removed.
  • a protective layer 43 is formed on one side of the conductive body 41 and the sensing electrode 42.
  • the protective layer 43 is formed by using plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition, PECVD process for short).
  • the material of the protective layer 43 may include silicon nitride (SiN X ).
  • the temperature sensor 4 is disposed on the first substrate 1, and the material of the first dimming electrode 12 in the first substrate 1 and the sensor
  • the first transparent conductive material film in the above S120a is the second conductive film 42' in the above S230, so the second conductive film 42' is patterned in the above S240 to form the sensor electrode 42
  • the first dimming electrode 12 is also formed. That is, the sensing electrode 42 and the first dimming electrode 12 are fabricated and formed in one patterning process. This is beneficial to reduce the thickness of the dimming glass 100 and simplify the preparation process of the dimming glass 100.
  • the above S120b The second transparent conductive material film is the second conductive film 42' in the above S230.
  • the second conductive film 42' is patterned in the above S240 to form the sensing electrode 42 and at the same time the second dimming electrode 22 is formed. That is, the sensing electrode 42 and the second dimming electrode 22 are manufactured in one patterning process. This is beneficial to reduce the thickness of the dimming glass 100 and simplify the preparation process of the dimming glass 100.
  • Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a driving method of a dimming glass system, and the driving method is applied to the dimming glass system 1000 provided in some of the above embodiments. As shown in FIG. 11, the driving method includes S100' ⁇ S300'.
  • the controller controls at least one temperature sensor in the dimming glass to work.
  • the at least one temperature sensor detects the temperature of the dye liquid crystal layer in the dimming glass, generates a detection signal, and transmits the detection signal to the controller.
  • the controller can control the above at least one temperature sensor to start working, that is, start to detect the temperature of the dye liquid crystal layer.
  • the at least one temperature sensor may start to work by providing the at least one temperature sensor with a working voltage.
  • the aforementioned at least one temperature sensor can detect the temperature of the dye liquid crystal layer in real time during the process of detecting the temperature of the dye liquid crystal layer, or can detect the temperature of the dye liquid crystal layer in time intervals (for example, once every 1 minute). The time interval between two adjacent detections of the temperature of the dye liquid crystal layer can be selected and set according to actual needs.
  • the temperature sensor includes a conductive body made of a heat-sensitive material, the resistance of which is more sensitive to temperature changes. In this way, the temperature sensor can generate a more obvious detection signal after detecting the temperature of the dye liquid crystal layer. The detection signal can be transmitted to the controller through the sensing electrode in the temperature sensor.
  • the controller obtains the temperature of the dye liquid crystal layer according to the detection signal, and adjusts the driving voltage of the dye liquid crystal layer according to the temperature of the dye liquid crystal layer.
  • the driving voltage is, for example, an alternating voltage.
  • the controller 200 has various structures.
  • the controller 200 includes: a signal conversion module 21, a signal processing module 22 connected to the signal conversion module 21, a storage module 23 connected to the signal processing module 22, and a signal processing module 22 connected to The alternating voltage generating circuit 24.
  • the connection between the modules can be electrical connections or signal connections.
  • the signal conversion module 21 is configured to obtain the detection signal of at least one temperature sensor 4 and convert the detection signal into temperature.
  • the storage module 23 is configured to store a mapping table between temperature and driving voltage.
  • the signal processing module 22 is configured to obtain the temperature converted by the signal conversion module 21, call the mapping table stored in the storage module 23, and find the driving voltage corresponding to the temperature from the mapping table.
  • the alternating voltage generating circuit 24 is configured to obtain the driving voltage found by the signal processing module 22 and generate a corresponding driving voltage, and transmit the driving voltage to the dye liquid crystal layer 3 of the dimming glass 100.
  • the controller may first convert the detection signal into temperature. After obtaining the temperature, the controller can obtain the driving voltage corresponding to the temperature according to the mapping table between the temperature and the driving voltage. Then the controller can transmit the driving voltage to the dimming glass, control the deflection of the liquid crystal molecules in the dye liquid crystal layer, and drive the light-absorbing ions to rotate.
  • mapping table between the temperature and the driving voltage includes: the corresponding relationship between the temperature, the value of the driving voltage, the frequency of the driving voltage, and the light transmittance.
  • the mapping table may be determined through multiple experiments in advance.
  • the light transmittance of the dimming glass is related to the value of the driving voltage and/or the frequency of the driving voltage, that is, the deflection angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the dye liquid crystal layer is related to the value of the driving voltage and/or the frequency of the driving voltage .
  • the driving voltage can be adjusted by dynamically adjusting the value of the driving voltage and/or the frequency of the driving voltage.
  • adjusting the driving voltage for controlling the dye liquid crystal layer according to the temperature of the dye liquid crystal layer includes: adjusting the value of the driving voltage, and/or adjusting the frequency of the driving voltage.
  • the deflection angle of the liquid crystal molecules will increase as the value of the driving voltage increases. In this way, when the value of the driving voltage is lowered, the deflection angle of the liquid crystal molecules can be reduced. In addition, when the frequency of the driving voltage does not change, the liquid crystal molecules will reverse at a certain frequency. In this way, when the value of the driving voltage is unchanged, increasing the frequency of the driving voltage is equivalent to providing a reverse voltage to the liquid crystal molecules in advance, so that the liquid crystal molecules are reversed before they are deflected to the maximum deflection angle, which can reduce the size of the liquid crystal molecules.
  • the deflection angle refers to the deflection angle that the liquid crystal molecules can reach under the action of the above-mentioned driving voltage value.
  • the deflection angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the dye liquid crystal layer can be reduced by reducing the value of the driving voltage and/or increasing the frequency of the driving voltage, thereby reducing the light-absorbing ions in the dye liquid crystal layer.
  • the angle of rotation enhances the efficiency of light-absorbing ions to absorb light, reduces the amount of light passing through the light-switching glass, and effectively improves or even eliminates the phenomenon of undesirable desertification.
  • the size of the dimming glass is 13.2 inches
  • the thickness of the dye liquid crystal layer (that is, the size of the dye liquid crystal layer in the direction perpendicular to the first substrate in the dimming glass) is 25 ⁇ m
  • the maximum driving voltage of the controller It is 22V
  • the temperature of the dye liquid crystal layer is 80°C.
  • the curve that appears after the driving voltage is greater than 10V in the figure is warped, which means that the transmittance of the light-adjusting glass increases abnormally, and a sand-like defect occurs.
  • the lower the value of the driving voltage the less likely the light-transmitting glass is to have sand-like defects.
  • the frequency of the driving voltage is 60 Hz
  • the value of the driving voltage is between 12V and 20V
  • the transmittance of the dimming glass decreases as the value of the driving voltage decreases.
  • the higher the frequency of the driving voltage the less likely the light-transmitting glass to appear sand-like defects.
  • the transmittance of the dimming glass decreases as the frequency of the driving voltage increases.
  • the beneficial effects that can be achieved by the driving method of the dimming glass system provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure are the same as the beneficial effects that can be achieved by the dimming glass system provided in some of the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.
  • the dimming glass system 1000 mentioned in some of the above embodiments can be applied to windows of buildings, automobiles, airplanes, and the like.

Abstract

一种调光玻璃，包括：相对设置的第一基板和第二基板；设置在所述第一基板和第二基板之间的染料液晶层；以及，设置在所述第一基板和所述第二基板之间的至少一个温度传感器。所述至少一个温度传感器被配置为，检测所述染料液晶层的温度。

Description

调光玻璃及其制备方法、调光玻璃系统及其驱动方法 技术领域
本公开涉及玻璃技术领域，尤其涉及一种调光玻璃及其制备方法、调光玻璃系统及其驱动方法。
背景技术
调光玻璃是一种可借由电控、温控、光控、或压控等方式可以实现光线透过率变化(也即在透明状态与不透明状态之间逐渐变换)的玻璃。
发明内容
一方面，提供一种调光玻璃。所述调光玻璃包括：相对设置的第一基板和第二基板；设置在所述第一基板和第二基板之间的染料液晶层；以及，设置在所述第一基板和所述第二基板之间的至少一个温度传感器。所述至少一个温度传感器被配置为，检测所述染料液晶层的温度。
在一些实施例中，所述至少一个温度传感器设置在所述第一基板的靠近所述第二基板的一侧，和/或，所述至少一个温度传感器设置在所述第二基板的靠近所述第一基板的一侧。
在一些实施例中，所述调光玻璃具有主区域，以及位于所述主区域的至少一侧的边缘区域。所述染料液晶层位于所述主区域内；所述至少一个温度传感器位于所述调光玻璃的边缘区域内。
在一些实施例中，所述至少一个温度传感器包括正温度系数热敏电阻器和负温度系数热敏电阻器中的至少一种。
在一些实施例中，每个温度传感器包括：设置于所述第一基板或所述第二基板上的导电本体；与所述导电本体电连接的传感电极；以及，覆盖在所述导电本体和所述传感电极上的保护层。所述导电本体的材料包括热敏材料。
在一些实施例中，所述第一基板包括：第一衬底基板；设置在所述第一衬底基板一侧的第一调光电极；以及，设置在所述第一调光电极远离所述第一衬底基板一侧的第一配向膜。所述第二基板包括：第二衬底基板；设置在所述第二衬底基板靠近所述第一基板一侧的第二调光电极；以及，设置在所述第二调光电极靠近所述第一基板一侧的第二配向膜。
在一些实施例中，在每个温度传感器包括传感电极的情况下，所述传感电极的材料、所述第一调光电极的材料以及所述第二调光电极的材料，均包括透明导电材料。
在一些实施例中，在温度传感器设置于所述第一基板上、且所述温度传 感器包括传感电极的情况下，所述传感电极与所述第一调光电极材料相同且同层设置。在温度传感器设置于所述第二基板上、且所述温度传感器包括传感电极的情况下，所述传感电极与所述第二调光电极材料相同且同层设置。
在一些实施例中，所述调光玻璃，还包括：设置在所述第一基板和第二基板之间的封框胶。所述封框胶围绕所述染料液晶层，且至少一部分封框胶位于所述染料液晶层与所述至少一个温度传感器之间。
另一方面，提供一种调光玻璃的制备方法。所述调光玻璃的制备方法包括：制备第一基板和第二基板；在所述第一基板和/或所述第二基板上形成至少一个温度传感器；在所述第一基板和所述第二基板之间形成染料液晶层。其中，所述至少一个温度传感器位于所述第一基板和所述第二基板之间，所述至少一个温度传感器被配置为，检测所述染料液晶层的温度。
在一些实施例中，每个温度传感器包括：导电本体，与导电本体电连接的传感电极，以及覆盖所述导电本体和所述传感电极的保护层。形成所述温度传感器，包括：在所述第一基板或所述第二基板上形成第一导电薄膜；图案化所述第一导电薄膜，形成所述导电本体；在所述导电本体的一侧形成第二导电薄膜；图案化所述第二导电薄膜，形成所述传感电极；在所述导电本体和所述传感电极的一侧形成所述保护层。
在一些实施例中，所述第一基板包括第一调光电极，所述第二基板包括第二调光电极。在所述温度传感器设置于所述第一基板上的情况下，在图案化所述第二导电薄膜形成所述传感电极的同时，还形成所述第一调光电极；在所述温度传感器设置于所述第二基板上的情况下，在图案化所述第二导电薄膜形成所述传感电极的同时，还形成所述第二调光电极。
在一些实施例中，所述制备方法，还包括：在所述第一基板和所述第二基板之间形成封框胶；所述封框胶围绕所述染料液晶层，且至少一部分封框胶位于所述染料液晶层与所述至少一个温度传感器之间。
又一方面，提供一种调光玻璃系统。所述调光玻璃系统包括：如上述一些实施例中所述的调光玻璃；以及，与所述调光玻璃中的至少一个温度传感器电连接的控制器。所述控制器被配置为，控制所述至少一个温度传感器检测所述调光玻璃中的染料液晶层的温度，获取所述至少一个温度传感器的检测信号，并根据所述检测信号向所述调光玻璃传输用于控制所述染料液晶层的驱动电压。
又一方面，提供一种调光玻璃系统的驱动方法。所述驱动方法应用于如上述一些实施例中所述的调光玻璃系统。所述驱动方法包括：控制器控制调 光玻璃中的至少一个温度传感器工作；所述至少一个温度传感器检测所述调光玻璃中染料液晶层的温度，生成检测信号，并将所述检测信号传输至所述控制器；所述控制器根据所述检测信号得到所述染料液晶层的温度，并根据所述染料液晶层的温度调节用于控制所述染料液晶层的驱动电压。
在一些实施例中，所述根据所述染料液晶层的温度调节用于控制所述染料液晶层的驱动电压，包括：调节所述驱动电压的值，和/或，调节所述驱动电压的频率。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本公开中的技术方案，下面将对本公开一些实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本公开的一些实施例的附图，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。此外，以下描述中的附图可以视作示意图，并非对本公开实施例所涉及的产品的实际尺寸、方法的实际流程等的限制。
图1为根据本公开一些实施例中的一种调光玻璃的结构图；
图2为根据本公开一些实施例中的另一种调光玻璃的结构图；
图3为如图2中所示的温度传感器的一种放大图；
图4为如图2所示的调光玻璃沿A-A＇向的一种剖视图；
图5为如图2所示的调光玻璃沿A-A＇向的另一种剖视图；
图6为根据本公开一些实施例中的一种调光玻璃的制备方法的流程图；
图7为根据本公开一些实施例中的一种温度传感器的制备方法的流程图；
图8为根据本公开一些实施例中的一种调光玻璃的制备流程图；
图9为根据本公开一些实施例中的一种调光玻璃系统的结构图；
图10为根据本公开一些实施例中的一种控制器的结构图；
图11为根据本公开一些实施例中的一种调光玻璃系统的驱动方法的流程图；
图12为根据本公开一些实施例中的一种调光玻璃系统的透过率随驱动电压的变化的曲线图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图，对本公开一些实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本公开一部分实施例，而不是全部的实 施例。基于本公开所提供的实施例，本领域普通技术人员所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。
除非上下文另有要求，否则，在整个说明书和权利要求书中，术语“包括(comprise)”及其其他形式例如第三人称单数形式“包括(comprises)”和现在分词形式“包括(comprising)”被解释为开放、包含的意思，即为“包含，但不限于”。在说明书的描述中，术语“一个实施例(one embodiment)”、“一些实施例(some embodiments)”、“示例性实施例(exemplary embodiments)”、“示例(example)”、“特定示例(specific example)”或“一些示例(some examples)”等旨在表明与该实施例或示例相关的特定特征、结构、材料或特性包括在本公开的至少一个实施例或示例中。上述术语的示意性表示不一定是指同一实施例或示例。此外，所述的特定特征、结构、材料或特点可以以任何适当方式包括在任何一个或多个实施例或示例中。
以下，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本公开实施例的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。
“A、B和C中的至少一个”与“A、B或C中的至少一个”具有相同含义，均包括以下A、B和C的组合：仅A，仅B，仅C，A和B的组合，A和C的组合，B和C的组合，及A、B和C的组合。
“A和/或B”，包括以下三种组合：仅A，仅B，及A和B的组合。
在相关技术中，电控型的调光玻璃应用较为广泛。该调光玻璃通常包括相对设置的两个基板，以及设置在该两个基板之间的液晶层。这样通过控制施加至液晶层两侧的驱动电压，可以实现对液晶层中液晶分子偏转状态的控制，进而实现对调光玻璃的光线透过率(也即在透明状态与不透明状态之间逐渐变换)的控制。
上述调光玻璃包括常白模式的调光玻璃，也即在未对调光玻璃施加驱动电压的情况下，调光玻璃处于透明状态(也即光线透过率为100％或者大约100％)；随着驱动电压的值的增大，调光玻璃的光线透过率逐渐降低，由透明状态逐渐变换至不透明状态(也即光线透过率为0或者大约为0)。
然而，上述液晶层中的液晶分子容易受到温度的影响，例如在温度较高的情况下，其活性会增强。在提供相同驱动电压的情况下，温度较高的液晶分子的偏转角度会大于温度较低的液晶分子的偏转角度，使得处于温度较高环境中的调光玻璃的光线透过率大于处于温度较低环境中的调光玻璃的光线 透过率。这样在上述调光玻璃中，不同位置处液晶分子的温度不同、且驱动电压为不透明状态所对应的驱动电压的情况下，温度较高的位置处的光线透过率增加，并出现亮点，使得调光玻璃出现沙化不良现象。
基于此，本公开的一些实施例提供了一种调光玻璃系统1000。如图9所示，该调光玻璃系统包括调光玻璃100以及控制器200。
在一些实施例中，如图4和图5所示，调光玻璃100包括：染料液晶层3，以及至少一个温度传感器4。所述至少一个温度传感器4被配置为检测该染料液晶层3的温度。
如图9所示，上述控制器200与调光玻璃100中的所述至少一个温度传感器4电连接，且被配置为，控制所述至少一个温度传感器4检测调光玻璃10中的染料液晶层3的温度，获取所述至少一个温度传感器4的检测信号，并根据该检测信号向调光玻璃100传输用于控制染料液晶层3的驱动电压。
下面对控制器200根据该检测信号向调光玻璃100传输用于控制染料液晶层3的驱动电压，进行示意性说明。
在一些示例中，在调光玻璃100工作的过程中，控制器200会向调光玻璃100传输驱动电压，以控制染料液晶层3中的液晶分子的偏转状态，控制调光玻璃100的光线透过率。同时，控制器200可以控制上述至少一个温度传感器4实时检测染料液晶层3的温度。在控制器200获取该至少一个温度传感器4的检测信号(与染料液晶层3的温度相对应的信号)后，控制器200可以根据温度与驱动电压之间的映射表，调节传输至染料液晶层3的驱动电压。这样可以使得染料液晶层3中不同位置处的液晶分子的偏转状态为较为理想的偏转状态，使得调光玻璃100中不同位置处的光线透过率为较为理想的光线透过率，削弱甚至消除调光玻璃100的沙化不良现象。
下面结合附图对本公开的一些实施例提供的调光玻璃系统1000的结构进行示意性说明。
如图1和图2所示，本公开的一些实施例提供了一种调光玻璃100。如图4和图5所示，该调光玻璃100包括：相对设置的第一基板1和第二基板2。
如图4和图5所示，上述第一基板1包括第一衬底基板11，设置在第一衬底基板11的一侧的第一调光电极12，以及设置在第一调光电极11的远离第一衬底基板11的一侧的第一配向膜13。上述第二基板2包括第二衬底基板21，设置在第二衬底基板21的靠近第一基板1的一侧的第二调光电极22，以及设置在第二调光电极21的靠近第一基板1的一侧的第二配向膜23。
在一些示例中，上述第一衬底基板11的类型和第二衬底基板21的类型 可以相同，也可以不同，能够透光即可。示例性的，第一衬底基板11和第二衬底基板21可以为可透光的玻璃衬底基板。这样在调光玻璃100处于透明状态时，可以确保调光玻璃100具有较好的光线透过率。
在一些示例中，上述第一调光电极12和第二调光线电极22的材料可以相同，也可以不同，可以使得第一调光电极12和第二调光电极22能够透光即可。示例性的，第一调光电极12和第二调光线电极22的材料相同，其材料包括透明导电材料。例如为氧化铟锡(Indium Tin Oxide，简称ITO)或氧化铟锌(Indium Zinc Oxide，简称IZO)。此处，ITO或IZO均为具有较高光线透过率的导电材料，这样在调光玻璃100处于透明状态时，可以确保调光玻璃100具有较好的光线透过率，避免因第一调光电极12和第二调光线电极22对调光玻璃100的光线透过率产生不良印象。
在一些示例中，上述第一配向膜13和第二配向膜23的材料可以相同，也可以不同，可以使得第一配向膜13和第二配向膜23能够透光即可。示例性的，第一配向膜13和第二配向膜23的材料相同，其材料可以为聚酰亚胺、N-甲基吡咯烷酮和乙二醇丁醚的混合物，或者，其材料可以为丙烯酸羟乙酯、3-异氰酸酯基亚甲基-3，5，5-三甲基环己基异氰酸酯、双酚基丙烷或1，4-环己二醇的聚合物。这样在调光玻璃100处于透明状态时，可以确保调光玻璃100具有较好的光线透过率。
在一些示例中，如图4和图5所示，调光玻璃100还包括染料液晶层3。染料液晶层3设置在第一基板1和第二基板2之间，也即，设置在第一配向膜13和第二配向膜23之间。
染料液晶层3包括液晶分子31，以及能够吸收光线的吸光离子32。染料液晶层3中，吸光离子32的分子轴与液晶分子31的长轴基本保持平行排列。在液晶分子31发生偏转的情况下，吸光离子32会在液晶分子间作用力的作用下，与液晶分子31产生同位相的转动。吸光离子32的旋转角度不同，则其对光线的吸收率不同，阻挡光线的效果不同。
此处，控制器200在传输驱动电压以控制染料液晶层3时，是将驱动电压传输至第一调光电极12和第二调光线电极22上，对染料液晶层3进行控制的。
在一些示例中，如图1和图2所示，调光玻璃100还包括设置在第一基板1和第二基板2之间，且分别与第一调光电极12和第二调光电极22电连接的电极引线7。控制器200可以与电极引线7电连接，通过电极引线7将驱动电压传输至第一调光电极12和第二调光线电极22。
下面对调光玻璃100的工作原理进行示意性说明。示例性的，调光玻璃100为常白模式的调光玻璃。
在未给染料液晶层3传输驱动电压的情况下，如图4所示，染料液晶层3中的液晶分子31长轴和吸光离子32的分子轴均垂直于第一配向膜13(或第二配向膜23)，且吸光离子32无规则的分散在第一配向膜13和第二配向膜23之间。此时，在光线射向至调光玻璃100时，吸光离子32基本未对光线进行吸收，使得光线可以较为完全地透过调光玻璃100(也即调光玻璃100的光线透过率为100％或大约为100％)，进而使得调光玻璃100处于透明状态。
在给染料液晶层3施加驱动电压的情况下，如图5所示，驱动电压传输至第一调光电极12和第二调光电极22(例如传输至第一调光电极12的电压为正电压，传输至第二调光线电极22的电压为负电压)，第一调光电极12和第二调光线电极22之间产生电场，液晶分子31在该电场的作用下发生偏转，并带动吸光离子32发生旋转。例如，液晶分子31偏转至其长轴平行于第一配向膜13(或第二配向膜23)的状态，且控制吸光离子32旋转至其分子轴平行于第一配向膜13(或第二配向膜23)的状态，使得吸光离子32构成层状结构。此时，在光线射向至调光玻璃100时，吸光离子32能够对光线进行较为完全的吸收，使得光线难以透过调光玻璃100(也即调光玻璃100的光线透过率为0或大约为0)，进而使得调光玻璃100处于不透明状态。
需要说明的是，由于在未给染料液晶层3传输驱动电压时，液晶分子31长轴垂直于第一配向膜13，这样可以避免对第一配向膜13和第二配向膜23进行摩擦取向，有利于简化调光玻璃100的制备工艺。当然，本公开实施例并不限于上述模式的调光玻璃100。
在一些示例中，如图1和图2所示，调光玻璃100还包括至少一个温度传感器4。也即，调光玻璃100可以包括一个温度传感器4(例如图2中所示)，也可以包括多个温度传感器4(例如图1中所示)。此处，温度传感器4的数量可以根据实际需要选择设置。
例如，在调光玻璃100的尺寸较小的情况下，温度传感器4的数量可以较少(例如1个或2个)。
又如，在调光玻璃100的尺寸较大的情况下，温度传感器4的数量可以较多(例如4个或5个)。这样可以利用该多个温度传感器4检测染料液晶层3的多个位置的温度，有利于提高染料液晶层3的温度检测结果的准确度。
本示例中，上述至少一个温度传感器4设置在第一基板1和第二基板2之间，而未设置在第一基板1远离第二基板2的一侧表面上或第二基板2远 离第一基板1的一侧表面上(也即调光玻璃100的外部)。
通过将该至少一个温度传感器4设置在第一基板1和第二基板2之间，可以使得该至少一个温度传感器4与染料液晶层3处于同一环境下，相比于将该至少一个温度传感器4设置在调光玻璃100的外部，在利用该至少一个温度传感器4检测染料液晶层3的温度的过程中，可以避免受到外部环境温度的干扰，或者避免受到第一衬底基板11的温度或第二衬底基板12的温度的干扰，有利于提高该至少一个温度传感器4所检测的结果的准确性，较为准确地反应染料液晶层3的温度状态。
由此，本公开的一些实施例提供的调光玻璃100，通过在第一基板1和第二基板2之间设置染料液晶层3，并将检测该染料液晶层3的温度的至少一个温度传感器4也设置在第一基板1和第二基板2之间，能够有效提高该至少一个温度传感器4的检测结果的准确性。而且，在将调光玻璃应用于调光玻璃系统1000的情况下，可以使得控制器200从至少一个温度传感器4获取准确性较高的检测信号，进而使得控制器200可以传输准确性较高的驱动电压至染料液晶层3。这样有利于使得染料液晶层3中不同位置处的液晶分子的偏转状态为较为理想的偏转状态，使得调光玻璃100中不同位置处的光线透过率为较为理想的光线透过率，削弱甚至消除调光玻璃100的沙化不良现象。
本公开实施例中上述至少一个温度传感器4的设置位置包括多种，可以根据实际需要选择设置。
在一些示例中，该至少一个温度传感器4设置在第一基板1的靠近第二基板2的一侧，和/或，该至少一个温度传感器4设置在第二基板2的靠近第一基板1的一侧。
由此，在温度传感器4的数量为一个的情况下，该温度传感器4可以设置在第一基板1的靠近第二基板2的一侧，或者，也可以设置在第二基板2的靠近第一基板1的一侧。在温度传感器4的数量为多个的情况下，该多个温度传感器4可以全部设置在第一基板1的靠近第二基板2的一侧，或者，也可以全部设置在第二基板2的靠近第一基板1的一侧，或者，该多个温度传感器4中的一部分温度传感器4设置在第一基板1的靠近第二基板2的一侧，其余部分设置在第二基板2的靠近第一基板1的一侧。
在一些实施例中，如图1和图2所示，调光玻璃100具有主区域Q1，以及位于该主区域Q1的至少一侧的边缘区域Q2。
上述调光玻璃100的结构包括多种，可以根据实际需要选择设置。
在一些示例中，如图1所示，调光玻璃100的周边均具有边缘区域Q2。 也就是说，边缘区域Q2环绕主区域Q1。
在另一些示例中，如图2所示，调光玻璃100的周边的一部分具有边缘区域Q2，另一部分无边缘区域Q2。也就是说，边缘区域Q2并未环绕主区域Q1。例如，边缘区域Q2位于主区域Q1的相对两侧。又如，边缘区域Q2位于主区域Q1的相邻两侧。又如图2中所示的，边缘区域Q2位于主区域Q1的多侧。
在一些实施例中，如图4和图5所示，染料液晶层3位于主区域Q1内，上述至少一个温度传感器4位于调光玻璃100的边缘区域Q2内。通过将染料液晶层3和该至少一个温度传感器4设置在不同的区域，可以避免染料液晶层3对该至少一个温度传感器4的工作性能产生不良影响。
在一些示例中，该至少一个温度传感器4设置在调光玻璃100的边缘区域Q2内，包括多种设置位置。该设置位置与调光玻璃100所处的环境温度相关。
例如，调光玻璃100所处的环境温度较为均匀，调光玻璃100的不同位置处的温度之间基本无差异。此时，该至少一个温度传感器4可以设置在边缘区域Q2内的任意位置处。
又如，调光玻璃100所处的环境温度不均匀，调光玻璃100的不同位置处的温度之间差异较大。此时，该至少一个温度传感器4中的至少一部分可以设置在边缘区域Q2内的温度较高的位置处(例如温度最高的位置处)。在将调光玻璃100应用于调光系统1000中，控制器200获取该至少一个温度传感器4的检测信号后，可以以其中的最高温度所对应的检测信号为基准，传输控制染料液晶层3的驱动电压。这样可以确保染料液晶层3中不同位置处的液晶分子均可以偏转至较为理想的状态，进而控制不同位置处的吸光离子也均旋转至较为理想的状态，使得调光玻璃100的不同位置处的光线透过率均处于较为理想的状态，有效改善调光玻璃100整体的沙状不良现象，避免出现仅仅改善部分位置处的沙状不良现象的情况。
在一些实施例中，如图4和图5所示，调光玻璃100还包括：设置在第一基板1和第二基板2之间的封框胶5。此处，该封框胶5的材料例如可以为能够透光的材料。
上述封框胶5围绕染料液晶层3。这样封框胶5可以在将第一基板1和第二基板2粘结的同时，将染料液晶层3密封在第一基板1、第二基板2和封框胶5构成的密封空间内，对染料液晶层3进行保护。
在一些示例中，如图4和图5所示，至少一部分封框胶5位于染料液晶 层3与该至少一个温度传感器4之间。这样可以利用该至少一部分封框胶5，将位于不同区域内的染料液晶层3和该至少一个温度传感器4进行隔离，避免染料液晶层3进入到边缘区域Q2内，避免影响该至少一个温度传感器4的工作性能。
在一些示例中，如图4和图5所示，上述至少一部分封框胶5在第一衬底基板11上的正投影，与该至少一个温度传感器4在第一衬底基板11上的正投影有交叠。也即，该至少一部分封框胶5部分覆盖或全部覆盖至少一个温度传感器4。这样可以利用该至少一部分封框胶5对该至少一个温度传感器4形成保护，并将该至少一个温度传感器4较为牢固的粘接在第一基板1和第二基板2之间。
在一些实施例中，该至少一个温度传感器4类型包括多种，可以根据实际需要选择设置。
在一些示例中，该至少一个温度传感器4包括正温度系数热敏电阻器(Positive Temperature Coefficient，简称PTC)和负温度系数热敏电阻器(Negative Temperature Coefficient，简称NTC)中的至少一种。也即，在温度传感器4的数量为一个的情况下，该温度传感器4的类型可以为PTC，或者，也可以为NTC；在温度传感器4的数量为多个的情况下，该多个温度传感器4的类型可以全部为PTC，或者，可以全部为NTC，或者，可以一部分为PTC，另一部分为NTC。
此处，PTC的电阻值会随着温度的升高而增大，NTC的电阻值会随着温度的降低而增大。
在一些实施例中，如图3～图5所示，该至少一个温度传感器4中，每个温度传感器4包括：设置在第一基板1或第二基板2上的导电本体41，与导电本体41电连接的传感电极42，以及覆盖在导电本体41和传感电极42上的保护层43。该保护层43被配置为，对导电本体41和传感电极42进行保护，避免导电本体41和传感电极42受到损伤，影响温度传感器4的工作性能。
在一些示例中，保护层43的材料包括绝缘材料。该绝缘材料可以为无机绝缘材料，例如氮化硅；该绝缘材料也可以为有机绝缘材料，例如树脂材料。
在一些示例中，上述导电本体41设置在第一基板1或第二基板2上指的是，导电本体41设置在第一衬底基板11的靠近第二基板2的一侧，或者设置在第二衬底基板21的靠近第一基板1的一侧。
在一些示例中，导电本体41被配置为对染料液晶层3的温度进行检测。导电本体41的材料包括热敏材料，该热敏材料包括热敏电阻合金材料，例如 铂铱合金或镍铬合金等。
由于上述热敏电阻合金材料具有较大的电阻率和电阻温度系数，这样可以使得导电本体41也具有较大的电阻率和电阻温度系数，使得导电本体41的电阻值随温度的变化较为明显，有利于提高温度传感器4的灵敏度。
在一些示例中，控制器200与温度传感器4电连接指的是，控制器200与温度传感器4中的传感电极42电连接。传感电极42被配置为对导电本体41生成的检测信号进行传输，使得控制器200能够通过传感电极42获取导电本体41生成的检测信号。
每个导电本体41可以和多个传感电极42电连接。示例性的，如图3所示，每个导电本体41与两个传感电极42电连接。
上述传感电极42的材料包括多种。示例性的，传感电极42的材料包括透明导电材料，例如具有较高光线透过率的ITO。由于ITO具有较高的导电率，采用ITO形成传感电极42，可以既可以避免影响调光玻璃100的透过率，又可以确保传感电极42的检测信号传输效率。
在一些实施例中，由于每个传感器4中的传感电极42的材料包括透明导电材料，且第一调光电极12和第二调光电极22的材料也包括透明导电材料，这样在温度传感器4设置于第一基板1上的情况下，传感电极42可以与第一调光电极12材料相同(例如均为ITO)且同层设置；在温度传感器4设置于第二基板2上的情况下，传感电极42可以与第二调光电极22材料相同(例如均为ITO)且同层设置。
本文中提及的“同层”指的是采用同一成膜工艺形成用于形成特定图形的膜层，然后利用同一掩模板通过一次构图工艺形成的层结构。根据特定图形的不同，一次构图工艺可能包括多次曝光、显影或刻蚀工艺，而形成的层结构中的特定图形可以是连续的也可以是不连续的，这些特定图形还可能处于不同的高度或者具有不同的厚度。这样一来，在温度传感器4设置于第一基板1上的情况下，可以同时制作传感电极42和第一调光电极12；在温度传感器4设置于第二基板2上的情况下，可以同时制作传感电极42和第二调光电极22。这样有利于减小调光玻璃100的厚度，简化调光玻璃100的制作工艺。
由温度传感器4的结构可知，本公开将温度传感器4集成在了调光玻璃100的内部，与染料液晶层3处于同一环境下，而非粘接贴合在调光玻璃100的内部或外部，这样可以避免出现因粘接贴合不紧密而导致温度传感器4的检测信号结果不准确的问题，避免因调光玻璃100处于环境温差较大、湿度 变化较大或日光暴晒等恶劣环境下，而出现温度传感器4脱落的情况。而且，在将调光玻璃100应用于中空玻璃内的情况下，相比于将温度传感器4设置在调光玻璃100的外部，有利于降低制作难度。
本公开的一些实施例提供了一种调光玻璃的制备方法。如图6所示，该制备方法包括S100～S300。
S100，制备第一基板1和第二基板2。
在一些示例中，上述S100中，制备第一基板1，包括S110a～S130a。
S110a，提供第一衬底基板11。
S120a，如图8中(d)所示，在第一衬底基板11的一侧形成第一透明导电材料薄膜，对该第一透明导电材料薄膜进行图案化，形成第一调光电极12。
示例性的，可以采用溅射工艺、沉积工艺或蒸镀工艺形成第一透明导电材料薄膜，可以采用光刻工艺对第一透明导电材料薄膜进行图案化。
S130a，如图8中(f)所示，在第一调光电极12的远离第一衬底基板11的一侧涂覆形成第一配向薄膜，对第一配向薄膜进行固化，形成第一配向膜13。
此处，第一衬底基板11、第一调光电极12和第一配向膜13的材料可以参照上述一些实施例中的相关内容。
在一些示例中，上述S100中，制备第二基板2，包括S110b～S130b。
S110b，提供第二衬底基板21。
S120b，在第二衬底基板21的一侧形成第二透明导电材料薄膜，对该第二透明导电材料薄膜进行图案化，形成第二调光电极22。
示例性的，可以采用溅射工艺、沉积工艺或蒸镀工艺形成第二透明导电材料薄膜，可以采用光刻工艺对第二透明导电材料薄膜进行图案化。
S130b，在第二调光电极22的远离第二衬底基板21的一侧涂覆形成第二配向薄膜，对第二配向薄膜进行固化，形成第二配向膜23。
此处，第二衬底基板21、第二调光电极22和第二配向膜23的材料可以参照上述一些实施例中的相关内容。制备第二调光电极22和第二配向膜23的流程图可以参照图8中所示的流程图。
S200，如图8中(a)～(e)所示，在第一基板1和/或第二基板2上形成至少一个温度传感器4。
上述至少一个温度传感器4可以形成在第一基板1上，或者，可以形成在第二基板2上，或者，既可以形成在第一基板1上，又可以形成在第二基板2上。
示例性的，如图8中(a)～(e)所示，以至少一个温度传感器4形成在第一基板1上为例。该至少一个温度传感器4形成在第一基板1上后，与第一配向膜13位于第一衬底基板11的同一侧。
S300，如图8中(h)和(i)所示，在第一基板1和第二基板2之间形成染料液晶层3。其中，所述至少一个温度传感器4位于第一基板1和第二基板2之间，该至少一个温度传感器4被配置为，检测染料液晶层3的温度。
在一些示例中，如图8中(g)所示，在上述S300之前，调光玻璃的制备方法还包括：在第一基板1和第二基板2之间形成封框胶5。该封框胶5围绕染料液晶层3，且至少一部分封框胶5位于染料液晶层3与该至少一个温度传感器4之间。
在一些示例中，上述S300中，在第一基板1和第二基板2之间形成染料液晶层3，包括多种形成方式。形成染料液晶层3的方式与封框胶5的形成位置相关。
示例性的，如图8中(g)～(i)所示，封框胶5形成在第一基板1和第二基板2中的一者的一侧，且该封框胶5呈封闭的环状结构(例如方环或圆环)。此时，可以在该封框胶5所围成的区域内涂覆或滴注染料液晶，然后将第一基板1和第二基板2中的另一者放置在染料液晶的一侧，与封框胶5粘合。这样便使得上述染料液晶形成为染料液晶层3，且该染料液晶层3位于第一基板1和第二基板2之间。此处，在染料液晶层3和上述至少一个温度传感器4分别位于封框胶5的两侧，以避免染料液晶流动至该至少一个温度传感器4所在位置处。
示例性的，封框胶5形成在第一基板1和第二基板2之间，使得第一基板1和第二基板2通过封框胶5粘合到一起，构成一腔体。该封框胶5设置有开口，呈未封闭的环状结构(例如方环或圆环)。此时，可以通过该开口，在第一基板1和第二基板2之间灌注染料液晶，之后将该开口封闭，这样便使得该染料液晶形成为染料液晶层3，且该染料液晶层3位于第一基板1和第二基板2之间。此处，在形成封框胶5后，上述至少一个温度传感器4位于腔体外，使得所形成的染料液晶层3和该至少一个温度传感器4分别位于封框胶5的两侧，这样可以避免染料液晶流动至该至少一个温度传感器4所在位置处。
此处，染料液晶层3位于第一基板1和第二基板2之间，也即，染料液晶层3位于第一配向膜13和第二配向膜23之间。这样在形成染料液晶层3之后，形成在第一基板1和/或第二基板2上的至少一个温度传感器4也便自 然而然地位于第一基板1和第二基板2之间。
在一些示例中，如图8中(g)所示，封框胶5在第一基板1上的正投影与该至少一个温度传感器4在第一基板1上的正投影有交叠。这样既可以利用封框胶5粘合第一基板1和第二基板2，还可以利用封框胶5将该至少一个温度传感器4较为牢固地粘合在第一基板1和第二基板2之间，避免该至少一个温度传感器4从第一基板1和第二基板2之间脱离。
本公开的一些实施例中提供的调光玻璃的制备方法所能实现的有益效果，与上述一些实施例中提供的调光玻璃100所能实现的有益效果相同，此处不再赘述。
需要说明的是，上述各步骤标号(例如S110a～S130a、S110b～S130b或S100～S300)，仅是为了较为清楚的对各个步骤的内容进行说明，并不是对制备调光玻璃100的各步骤的先后顺序进行限定，制备调光玻璃100的各步骤的先后顺序可以根据实际需要自行设定。
在一些实施例中，上述至少一个温度传感器4中，每个温度传感器4包括：导电本体41，与导电本体41电连接的传感电极42，以及覆盖导电本体41和传感电极42的保护层43。如图7所示，形成该温度传感器4，包括S210～S250。
S210，如图8中(a)所示，在第一基板1或第二基板2上形成第一导电薄膜41＇。
示例性的，可以采用溅射工艺、沉积工艺或蒸镀工艺形成第一导电薄膜41＇。第一导电薄膜41＇的材料可以为铂铱合金或镍铬合金等。
S220，如图8中(b)所示，图案化第一导电薄膜41＇，形成导电本体41。
示例性的，上述S220中形成导电本体41，包括：在第一导电薄膜41＇的一侧涂覆光刻胶，采用光刻工艺对光刻胶进行图案化；以图案化后的光刻胶为掩膜，采用湿刻工艺或干刻工艺对第一导电薄膜进行刻蚀41＇，形成导电本体41。
S230，如图8中(c)所示，在导电本体的一侧形成第二导电薄膜42＇。
示例性的，可以采用溅射工艺、沉积工艺或蒸镀工艺形成第二导电薄膜42＇。第二导电薄膜42＇的材料可以为ITO。
在一些示例中，在上述S230之前，还会在导电本体41的一侧表面上形成导电本体保护层(例如为光刻胶层)6。该导电本体保护层6暴露出导电本体41的用于与后续形成的传感电极42电连接的部分。通过在导电本体41的 一侧表面覆盖导电本体保护层6，可以对导电本体41进行保护，避免导电本体41在后续形成传感电极42的过程中被污染损伤。
S240，如图8中(d)所示，图案化第二导电薄膜42＇，形成传感电极42。
示例性的，上述S240中形成传感电极42，包括：在第二导电薄膜42＇的一侧涂覆光刻胶，采用光刻工艺对光刻胶进行图案化；以图案化后的光刻胶为掩膜，采用湿刻工艺或干刻工艺对第二导电薄膜进行刻蚀42＇，形成传感电极42。形成传感电极42后，还会去除图案化后的光刻胶和导电本体保护层6。
S250，如图8中(e)所示，在导电本体41和传感电极42的一侧形成保护层43。
示例性的，采用等离子体增强化学气相沉积(Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition，简称PECVD工艺)制作形成保护层43。保护层43的材料可以包括氮化硅(SiN X)。
在一些实施例中，如图8中(c)和(d)所示，在温度传感器4设置在第一基板1上，且第一基板1中的第一调光电极12的材料与传感电极42的材料相同的情况下，上述S120a中的第一透明导电材料薄膜即为上述S230中的第二导电薄膜42＇，这样在上述S240中图案化第二导电薄膜42＇形成传感电极42的同时，还形成第一调光电极12。也即，传感电极42和第一调光电极12在一次构图工艺中制作形成。这样有利于减小调光玻璃100的厚度，简化调光玻璃100的制备工艺。
在另一些实施例中，在温度传感器4设置在第二基板2上，且第二基板2中的第二调光电极22的材料与传感电极42的材料相同的情况下，上述S120b中的第二透明导电材料薄膜即为上述S230中的第二导电薄膜42＇，这样在上述S240中图案化第二导电薄膜42＇形成传感电极42的同时，还形成第二调光电极22。也即，传感电极42和第二调光电极22在一次构图工艺中制作形成。这样有利于减小调光玻璃100的厚度，简化调光玻璃100的制备工艺。此处，可以参照如图8中(c)和(d)所示的流程图。
本公开的一些实施例提供了一种调光玻璃系统的驱动方法，该驱动方法应用于上述一些实施例中提供的调光玻璃系统1000。如图11所示，该驱动方法包括S100＇～S300＇。
S100＇，控制器控制调光玻璃中的至少一个温度传感器工作。
S200＇，该至少一个温度传感器检测调光玻璃中染料液晶层的温度，生 成检测信号，并将检测信号传输至控制器。
在调光玻璃系统开始工作后，控制器可以控制上述至少一个温度传感器开始工作，也即开始检测染料液晶层的温度。示例性的，可以通过给该至少一个温度传感器提供工作电压，使得该至少一个温度传感器开始工作。
在一些示例中，上述至少一个温度传感器在检测染料液晶层的温度的过程中，可以实时检测染料液晶层的温度，也可以分时段检测染料液晶层的温度(例如每间隔1分钟检测一次)。相邻两次检测染料液晶层温度的时间间隔可以根据实际需要选择设置。
在一些示例中，温度传感器包括由热敏材料构成的导电本体，其电阻值对温度变化较为敏感。这样温度传感器在检测染料液晶层的温度后，可以生成变化较为明显的检测信号。该检测信号可以通过温度传感器中的传感电极传输至控制器。
S300＇，控制器根据检测信号得到染料液晶层的温度，并根据染料液晶层的温度调节用于控制染料液晶层的驱动电压。该驱动电压例如为交变电压。
如图9和图10所示，本公开实施例中提供的调光玻璃系统1000中，控制器200的结构包括多种。
示例性的，如图10所示，控制器200包括：信号转换模块21，与信号转换模块21连接的信号处理模块22，与信号处理模块22连接的存储模块23，以及与信号处理模块22连接的交变电压生成电路24。其中，各模块之间的连接可以为电连接，也可以为信号连接。
此处，信号转换模块21被配置为，获取至少一个温度传感器4的检测信号，并将该检测信号转换为温度。存储模块23被配置为，对温度与驱动电压之间的映射表进行存储。信号处理模块22被配置为，获取信号转换模块21所转换的温度，并调用存储模块23所存储的映射表，从该映射表中查找得到与该温度相对应的驱动电压。交变电压生成电路24被配置为，获取信号处理模块22查找得到的驱动电压，并生成相应的驱动电压，将该驱动电压传输至调光玻璃100的染料液晶层3。
下面对控制器调节驱动电压的过程进行示意性说明。
示例性的，控制器在获取检测信号(该检测信号通常为电信号)后，可以先将该检测信号转换为温度。控制器在得到该温度后，可以根据温度与驱动电压之间的映射表，得到与该温度相对应的驱动电压。之后控制器便可以将该驱动电压传输至调光玻璃，控制染料液晶层中液晶分子的偏转，并带动吸光离子旋转。
此处，上述温度与驱动电压之间的映射表，包括：温度、驱动电压的值、驱动电压的频率以及光线透过率之间的对应关系。该映射表可以是预先经过多次试验测定的。
由上可知，调光玻璃的光线透过率与驱动电压的值和/或驱动电压的频率相关，也即染料液晶层中液晶分子的偏转角度与驱动电压的值和/或驱动电压的频率相关。这样便可以通过动态调整驱动电压的值和/或驱动电压的频率来调节驱动电压。
在一些示例中，上述S300＇中，根据染料液晶层的温度调节用于控制染料液晶层的驱动电压，包括：调节驱动电压的值，和/或，调节驱动电压的频率。
示例性的，染料液晶层在工作的过程中，液晶分子的偏转角度会随着驱动电压的值的增大而增大。这样在降低驱动电压的值时，能够减小液晶分子的偏转角度。此外，在驱动电压的频率不变的情况下，液晶分子会以一定的频率进行反转。这样在驱动电压的值不变时，提高驱动电压的频率，也就相当于提前给液晶分子提供反向电压，使得液晶分子在偏转至最大偏转角度之前即进行反转，这样可以减小液晶分子的偏转角度。此处，最大偏转角度指的是，液晶分子在上述驱动电压的值的作用下所能达到的偏转角度。
由此，在调光玻璃出现沙化不良现象时，可以通过降低驱动电压的值和/或提高驱动电压的频率来减小染料液晶层中液晶分子的偏转角度，进而减小染料液晶层中吸光离子的旋转角度，增强吸光离子吸收光线的效率，减少透过调光玻璃的光线的量，有效改善甚至消除该沙化不良现象。
下面对调光玻璃的光线透过率与驱动电压之间的关系进行示意性说明。
示例性的，调光玻璃的尺寸为13.2英寸，染料液晶层的厚度(也即染料液晶层在垂直于调光玻璃中第一基板的方向上的尺寸)为25μm，控制器的驱动电压最大值为22V，染料液晶层的温度为80℃。
如图12所示，图中在驱动电压大于10V之后出现的曲线翘起，表示为调光玻璃的透过率异常上升，出现沙状不良现象。
从图中可以看出，在同一温度和同一频率的驱动电压下，驱动电压的值越低，透光玻璃越不容易出现沙状不良现象。例如，在驱动电压的频率为60Hz时，在驱动电压的值为12V至20V之间，调光玻璃的透过率随驱动电压的值的下降而降低。在同一温度和同一值的驱动电压下，驱动电压的频率越高，透光玻璃越不容易出现沙状不良现象。例如，在驱动电压的值为20V时，调光玻璃的透过率随驱动电压的频率的升高而降低。
本公开实施例中提供的调光玻璃系统的驱动方法所能实现的有益效果，与上述一些实施例中提供的调光玻璃系统所能实现的有益效果相同，此处不再赘述。
在一些实施例中，上述一些实施例中提及的调光玻璃系统1000，可以应用于建筑物、汽车或飞机等的窗户处。
以上所述，仅为本公开的具体实施方式，但本公开的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本公开揭露的技术范围内，想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本公开的保护范围之内。因此，本公开的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种调光玻璃，包括：
    相对设置的第一基板和第二基板；
    设置在所述第一基板和第二基板之间的染料液晶层；以及，
    设置在所述第一基板和所述第二基板之间的至少一个温度传感器；
    所述至少一个温度传感器被配置为，检测所述染料液晶层的温度。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的调光玻璃，其中，所述至少一个温度传感器设置在所述第一基板的靠近所述第二基板的一侧，和/或，所述至少一个温度传感器设置在所述第二基板的靠近所述第一基板的一侧。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的调光玻璃，其中，所述调光玻璃具有主区域，以及位于所述主区域的至少一侧的边缘区域；
    所述染料液晶层位于所述主区域内；所述至少一个温度传感器位于所述调光玻璃的边缘区域内。
  4. 根据权利要求1～3中任一项所述的调光玻璃，其中，所述至少一个温度传感器包括正温度系数热敏电阻器和负温度系数热敏电阻器中的至少一种。
  5. 根据权利要求1～4中任一项所述的调光玻璃，其中，每个温度传感器包括：
    设置于所述第一基板或所述第二基板上的导电本体，所述导电本体的材料包括热敏材料；
    与所述导电本体电连接的传感电极；以及，
    覆盖在所述导电本体和所述传感电极上的保护层。
  6. 根据权利要求1～5中任一项所述的调光玻璃，其中，所述第一基板包括：
    第一衬底基板；
    设置在所述第一衬底基板一侧的第一调光电极；以及，
    设置在所述第一调光电极远离所述第一衬底基板一侧的第一配向膜；
    所述第二基板包括：
    第二衬底基板；
    设置在所述第二衬底基板靠近所述第一基板一侧的第二调光电极；以及，
    设置在所述第二调光电极靠近所述第一基板一侧的第二配向膜。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的调光玻璃，其中，在每个温度传感器包括传感电极的情况下，所述传感电极的材料、所述第一调光电极的材料以及所述第 二调光电极的材料，均包括透明导电材料。
  8. 根据权利要求6或7所述的调光玻璃，其中，
    在温度传感器设置于所述第一基板上、且所述温度传感器包括传感电极的情况下，所述传感电极与所述第一调光电极材料相同且同层设置；
    在温度传感器设置于所述第二基板上、且所述温度传感器包括传感电极的情况下，所述传感电极与所述第二调光电极材料相同且同层设置。
  9. 根据权利要求1～8中任一项所述的调光玻璃，还包括：设置在所述第一基板和第二基板之间的封框胶；
    所述封框胶围绕所述染料液晶层，且至少一部分封框胶位于所述染料液晶层与所述至少一个温度传感器之间。
  10. 一种调光玻璃的制备方法，包括：
    制备第一基板和第二基板；
    在所述第一基板和/或所述第二基板上形成至少一个温度传感器；
    在所述第一基板和所述第二基板之间形成染料液晶层；
    其中，所述至少一个温度传感器位于所述第一基板和所述第二基板之间，所述至少一个温度传感器被配置为，检测所述染料液晶层的温度。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的制备方法，其中，每个温度传感器包括：导电本体，与导电本体电连接的传感电极，以及覆盖所述导电本体和所述传感电极的保护层；
    形成所述温度传感器，包括：
    在所述第一基板或所述第二基板上形成第一导电薄膜；
    图案化所述第一导电薄膜，形成所述导电本体；
    在所述导电本体的一侧形成第二导电薄膜；
    图案化所述第二导电薄膜，形成所述传感电极；
    在所述导电本体和所述传感电极的一侧形成所述保护层。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的制备方法，其中，所述第一基板包括第一调光电极，所述第二基板包括第二调光电极；
    在所述温度传感器设置于所述第一基板上的情况下，在图案化所述第二导电薄膜形成所述传感电极的同时，还形成所述第一调光电极；
    在所述温度传感器设置于所述第二基板上的情况下，在图案化所述第二导电薄膜形成所述传感电极的同时，还形成所述第二调光电极。
  13. 根据权利要求10所述的制备方法，还包括：
    在所述第一基板和所述第二基板之间形成封框胶；所述封框胶围绕所述 染料液晶层，且至少一部分封框胶位于所述染料液晶层与所述至少一个温度传感器之间。
  14. 一种调光玻璃系统，包括：
    如权利要求1～9中任一项所述的调光玻璃；以及，
    与所述调光玻璃中的至少一个温度传感器电连接的控制器；所述控制器被配置为，控制所述至少一个温度传感器检测所述调光玻璃中的染料液晶层的温度，获取所述至少一个温度传感器的检测信号，并根据所述检测信号向所述调光玻璃传输用于控制所述染料液晶层的驱动电压。
  15. 一种调光玻璃系统的驱动方法，应用于如权利要求14所述的调光玻璃系统，所述驱动方法包括：
    控制器控制调光玻璃中的至少一个温度传感器工作；
    所述至少一个温度传感器检测所述调光玻璃中染料液晶层的温度，生成检测信号，并将所述检测信号传输至所述控制器；
    所述控制器根据所述检测信号得到所述染料液晶层的温度，并根据所述染料液晶层的温度调节用于控制所述染料液晶层的驱动电压。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的调光玻璃系统的驱动方法，其中，所述根据所述染料液晶层的温度调节用于控制所述染料液晶层的驱动电压，包括：
    调节所述驱动电压的值，和/或，调节所述驱动电压的频率。
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