WO2021164522A1 - 电机和电器 - Google Patents

电机和电器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021164522A1
WO2021164522A1 PCT/CN2021/074296 CN2021074296W WO2021164522A1 WO 2021164522 A1 WO2021164522 A1 WO 2021164522A1 CN 2021074296 W CN2021074296 W CN 2021074296W WO 2021164522 A1 WO2021164522 A1 WO 2021164522A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
end cover
outer ring
bearing
rotating shaft
motor
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/074296
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吕继方
钟贵烈
侯俊峰
陈丹
胡建
Original Assignee
广东美的白色家电技术创新中心有限公司
广东威灵电机制造有限公司
美的集团股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202010096960.8A external-priority patent/CN113270963A/zh
Priority claimed from CN202020178756.6U external-priority patent/CN211791053U/zh
Application filed by 广东美的白色家电技术创新中心有限公司, 广东威灵电机制造有限公司, 美的集团股份有限公司 filed Critical 广东美的白色家电技术创新中心有限公司
Priority to JP2022548197A priority Critical patent/JP2023513547A/ja
Priority to KR1020227032206A priority patent/KR20220142503A/ko
Publication of WO2021164522A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021164522A1/zh
Priority to US17/889,307 priority patent/US20220393542A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/01—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for shielding from electromagnetic fields, i.e. structural association with shields
    • H02K11/014—Shields associated with stationary parts, e.g. stator cores
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/16—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields
    • H02K5/173—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields using bearings with rolling contact, e.g. ball bearings
    • H02K5/1732—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields using bearings with rolling contact, e.g. ball bearings radially supporting the rotary shaft at both ends of the rotor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/40—Structural association with grounding devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/08—Insulating casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/15—Mounting arrangements for bearing-shields or end plates
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/16—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/22—Auxiliary parts of casings not covered by groups H02K5/06-H02K5/20, e.g. shaped to form connection boxes or terminal boxes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/22—Auxiliary parts of casings not covered by groups H02K5/06-H02K5/20, e.g. shaped to form connection boxes or terminal boxes
    • H02K5/225—Terminal boxes or connection arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/08—Structural association with bearings
    • H02K7/083—Structural association with bearings radially supporting the rotary shaft at both ends of the rotor

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of motor technology, in particular to a motor and an electrical appliance.
  • the brushless DC motor is driven by PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) control method.
  • PWM Pulse Width Modulation
  • the shaft voltage will be generated due to the alternating magnetic field or the asymmetry of the magnetic circuit during the operation of the motor.
  • the inner and outer rings of the rotor bearing are connected by balls, and the balls and the receiving parts are reduced by oil film to reduce wear and insulation.
  • the oil film will be broken down by the shaft voltage, resulting in electrical corrosion of the bearing balls or the surface of the inner and outer rings. Noise shortens the life of the bearing, and causes the motor to fail to operate normally in severe cases.
  • This application mainly provides a motor and an electrical appliance to solve the problem that the oil film in the bearing in the motor is broken down by an excessive shaft voltage and only the bearing is electrically corroded.
  • the motor includes a rotor, a stator, a rotating shaft, a first end cover, and a first bearing.
  • the rotor is arranged on the rotating shaft, and the rotor and the stator are nested with each other at intervals.
  • the first bearing includes a first outer ring and a first inner Ring and first balls arranged between the first outer ring and the first inner ring, the first outer ring is fixed to the first end cover, the rotating shaft is fixed to the first inner ring, so that the rotating shaft is rotatably supported on the first end cover,
  • the first outer ring is insulated and isolated from at least part of the first end cover, and the insulated and isolated part of the first end cover and the first outer ring is further short-circuited with the stator iron core of the stator and grounded.
  • the motor further includes a second bearing and a second end cover
  • the second bearing includes a second outer ring and a second inner ring nested with each other, and a second outer ring and a second end cover.
  • the second ball between the second inner ring, the second outer ring is fixed to the second end cover, the rotating shaft is fixed to the second inner ring, so that the rotating shaft is further rotatably supported on the On the second end cover, the second outer ring and the second end cover are short-circuited.
  • the first outer ring and the second outer ring are short-circuited.
  • the first outer ring and the second end cap are short-circuited.
  • the motor further includes a second bearing and a second end cover
  • the second bearing includes a second outer ring and a second inner ring nested with each other, and a second outer ring and a second end cover.
  • the second ball between the second inner ring, the second outer ring is fixed on the second end cover, the rotating shaft is fixed to the second inner ring, so that the rotating shaft is further rotatably supported on the
  • the second end cover, the second outer ring and at least a part of the second end cover are insulated and isolated, and the part insulated and isolated from the second end cover and the second outer ring is further connected to the stator iron
  • the core is shorted.
  • the motor further includes a frame, the first end cover and the second end cover are spaced apart along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, and the first end cover and the second end cover Covers are provided at both ends of the frame to form an accommodating cavity, the rotor, the stator and the rotating shaft are arranged in the accommodating cavity, and the rotating shaft is further removed from the second end cover Extend to the outside of the accommodating cavity.
  • the motor further includes a first electrical connection piece, the first electrical connection piece is embedded in the frame, and two ends of the first electrical connection piece are led out from the frame and respectively The first outer ring and the second outer ring are electrically connected.
  • the first end cover is provided with a first mounting groove, and the first bearing is embedded in the first mounting groove, so that the outer peripheral surface of the first outer ring and the first mounting groove The circumferential side walls of the groove are oppositely arranged and insulated from each other;
  • the second end cover is provided with a second installation groove, and the second bearing is embedded in the second installation groove, so that the outer circumferential surface of the second outer ring and The peripheral side walls of the second installation groove are arranged opposite to each other.
  • the first end cover includes a first cover body and a second cover body separated by an insulator, wherein the first outer ring is fixed to the first cover body and forms a short connection, the first The two covers are insulated and isolated from the first outer ring and short-circuited with the stator core.
  • the motor further includes a second electrical connector, and two ends of the second electrical connector are electrically connected to the first end cover and the stator core, respectively.
  • the household appliance includes a fixing device and the above-mentioned motor, the fixing device is used for fixing the motor, and the fixing device is insulated from the motor.
  • the present application discloses a motor and an electrical appliance.
  • a first bearing capacitor C1 between the first outer ring and the first inner ring, the first outer ring and at least part of the first end cover are insulated and isolated, and then formed between the first outer ring and the first end cover
  • the equivalent capacitance C2, and the part insulated from the first end cover and the first outer ring is further short-circuited with the stator core of the stator and grounded, so that the equivalent capacitance C2 is connected in series with the first bearing capacitance C1, and then is induced on the shaft
  • the equivalent capacitor C2 can share part of the shaft voltage formed on the first bearing, that is, the shaft voltage between the first outer ring and the first inner ring is reduced due to the partial voltage of the equivalent capacitor C2, and then It can effectively reduce the risk of electric corrosion caused by the insulation breakdown of the oil film in the bearing due to the excessive shaft voltage of the first bearing, which can reduce the risk of breakdown of
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a motor provided by the present application
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of the first end cover in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of the first end cover in Fig. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of the first end cover in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the first embodiment of the second end cover in FIG. 1;
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of the second end cover in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a household appliance provided by the present application.
  • first”, “second”, and “third” in the embodiments of the present application are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with “first”, “second”, and “third” may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features.
  • “a plurality of” means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.
  • the terms “including” and “having” and any variations of them are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.
  • a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but optionally includes unlisted steps or units, or optionally also includes Other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products or equipment.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the motor provided in the present application.
  • the motor 100 includes a rotor 10, a stator 20, and a rotating shaft 30.
  • the rotor 10 is disposed on the rotating shaft 30, and the rotor 10 and the stator 20 are nested and spaced from each other. After the motor 100 is energized, due to electromagnetic effects between the rotor 10 and the stator 20, the rotor 10 rotates relative to the stator 20 and drives the rotating shaft 30 for power output.
  • the motor 100 further includes a first end cover 40, a first bearing 50, a second bearing 60, a second end cover 70, and a frame 80.
  • the first end cover 40 and the second end cover 70 are spaced apart along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 30,
  • the first end cover 40 and the second end cover 70 are arranged on both ends of the frame 80 to form an accommodating cavity 82.
  • the rotor 10, the stator 20 and the rotating shaft 30 are arranged in the accommodating cavity 82, and the rotating shaft 30 is further removed from the first
  • the second end cover 70 extends to the outside of the accommodating cavity 82, the rotating shaft 30 is rotatably supported by the first end cover 40 through the first bearing 50, and the rotating shaft 30 is rotatably supported by the second end cover 70 through the second bearing 60.
  • the first bearing 50 includes a first outer ring 51 and a first inner ring 52 nested with each other, and a first ball 53 disposed between the first outer ring 51 and the first inner ring 52.
  • the first outer ring 51 is fixed to the first outer ring 51 and the first inner ring 52.
  • One end cover 40 and the rotating shaft 30 are fixed to the first inner ring 52 so that the rotating shaft 30 is rotatably supported on the first end cover 40.
  • the first outer ring 51 is insulated and isolated from at least part of the first end cover 40, and the insulated and isolated part of the first end cover 40 and the first outer ring 51 is further short-circuited with the stator core 22 of the stator 20 and grounded.
  • the first inner ring 52 is insulated and isolated from the first end cover 40, and usually the bearing is coated with insulating grease and other lubricants during use, so that the first outer ring 51 and the first inner ring 52 are insulated and isolated. Furthermore, the distance between the first outer ring 51 and the first inner ring 52 can be equivalent to the first bearing capacitance C1 of the first bearing 50.
  • the first end cover 40 is short-circuited with the stator core 22 through a second electrical connector (not shown).
  • the second electrical connection member may be a wire, a conductive elastic sheet, a conductive elastic probe, and the like.
  • the first end cover 40 can be short-circuited with the stator core 22 through a wire, and both ends of the wire are spot welded to the first end cover 40 and the stator core 22 respectively.
  • the first end cover 40 is shorted to the stator core 22 through a conductive spring sheet or a conductive elastic probe, and the conductive spring sheet or a conductive spring probe is connected to the side of the first end cover 40 facing the stator core 22, When the end cover 40 is closed on the frame 80, the conductive elastic sheet or the conductive elastic probe elastically abuts and makes electrical contact with the stator core 22.
  • the first end cover 40 is a metal end cover
  • the first outer ring 51 is made of metal material
  • the first outer ring 51 is insulated and isolated from the entire first end cover 40, and then is in the first outer ring 51.
  • An equivalent capacitance C2 is formed between the ring 51 and the first end cover 40, and the first end cover 40 and the stator core 22 are short-circuited and grounded.
  • the first end cover 40 is provided with a first mounting groove 44, and the first bearing 50 is embedded in the first mounting groove 44 so that the outer peripheral surface of the first outer ring 51 is opposite to the peripheral side wall of the first mounting groove 44 Set up and insulated.
  • the first end cover 40 may further include a cover body 45 and a plurality of stoppers 46.
  • the plurality of stoppers 46 are arranged on the side of the cover body 45 facing the stator 20, and the plurality of stoppers 46 are enclosed to form a container.
  • the first bearing 50 can be embedded in the accommodating space, and the outer peripheral surface of the first outer ring 51 is insulated and isolated from the side surface opposite to the stopper 46.
  • the side of the first outer ring 51 and/or the first end cover 40 facing the first outer ring 51 is coated with an insulating film, so that the first outer ring 51 and the first end cover 40 are insulated and isolated and can form an equivalent Capacitance C2.
  • an insulating member is provided between the first outer ring 51 and the first end cover 40, and the insulating member is provided between the first outer ring 51 and the first end cover 40.
  • the insulating member may be an insulating collar, which is sleeved on the first outer ring 51 and lined with the first end cover 40.
  • the insulating member can also be a hollow insulating collar, which is not limited in this application.
  • the motor 100 may induce a shaft voltage on the rotating shaft 30 due to the alternating magnetic field or asymmetry of the magnetic circuit, and the rotating shaft 30 is sleeved and fixed to the first inner ring 52, the first outer ring 51 and the first inner ring.
  • the rings 52 are connected by the first ball 53, which reduces wear and insulation between the first outer ring 51 and the first inner ring 52 through the oil film, that is, between the first outer ring 51 and the first inner ring 52 Insulation and isolation, and the first outer ring 51 and the first end cover 40 are insulated and isolated, the first end cover 40 and the stator core 22 are short-circuited, and the stator core 22 is grounded.
  • the rotating shaft 30 can be equivalently used as the input terminal of the shaft voltage, and is grounded through the stator iron core 22 through the first bearing capacitor C1 and the equivalent capacitor C2 respectively, and the stator iron core 22 is grounded as a zero potential. That is to say, in the equivalent circuit of the motor, the equivalent capacitor C2 is connected in series with the first bearing capacitor C1, so that the equivalent capacitor C2 can share part of the shaft voltage formed on the first bearing 50, so that the voltage at both ends of the first bearing capacitor C1 The shaft voltage is reduced. In other words, the shaft voltage between the first outer ring 51 and the first inner ring 52 is reduced due to the divided voltage of the equivalent capacitance C2, which can effectively reduce the bearing of the first bearing 50 due to excessive shaft voltage.
  • the risk of electric corrosion caused by the insulation breakdown of the oil film inside can reduce the risk of breakdown of the first bearing capacitor C1, thereby avoiding the occurrence of electricity on the surface of the first ball 53 and the first outer ring 51 and the first inner ring 52. Corrosion, and can avoid the occurrence of noise and shortening of the service life of the first bearing 50 due to electrical corrosion.
  • the first end cover 40 is a composite end cover
  • the first outer ring 51 is in contact with a part of the first end cover 40 and is insulated from another part of the first end cover 40
  • the first end cover 40 is in contact with the first end cover 40.
  • An insulated part of the outer ring 51 is further short-circuited with the stator core 22 and grounded.
  • the first end cover 40 includes a first cover 41 and a second cover 42 separated by an insulator 43, the first cover 41 and the second cover 42 are both metal covers, wherein the first outer ring 51 It is fixed to the first cover 41 and forms a short connection, and the second cover 42 is insulated from the first outer ring 51 and shorted to the stator core 22.
  • the first outer ring 51 is in contact with the first cover 41 to form a short connection, and since the first cover 41 and the second cover 42 are separated by the insulator 43, the second cover 42 is separated from the first outer ring.
  • 51 is insulated and isolated, and an equivalent capacitor C2 is formed between the first cover 41 and the second cover 42.
  • the shaft voltage at both ends of the first bearing capacitor C1 is still effectively reduced due to the divided voltage of the equivalent capacitor C2, thereby reducing the A bearing 50 may cause the first bearing capacitance C1 formed between the first outer ring 51 and the first inner ring 52 to break down due to excessive shaft voltage, which may cause electric corrosion.
  • the first end cover 40 includes a first cover 41, a second cover 42 and an insulator 43 of an integral structure.
  • the first cover 41 may be cylindrical and has a first mounting groove 44.
  • a bearing 50 is inserted into the first mounting groove 44, and the outer peripheral surface of the first outer ring 51 contacts the peripheral side wall of the first mounting groove 44 to form a short circuit.
  • the insulator 43 and the second cover 42 are both in the shape of a hollow ring plate, In addition, the insulator 43 is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the first cover 41, and the second cover 42 is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the insulator 43.
  • first end cover 40 as an all-metal end cover as an example, the relationship between the second end cover 70 and the second bearing 60 will be described.
  • the second bearing 60 includes a second outer ring 61 and a second inner ring 62 nested with each other, and a second ball disposed between the second outer ring 61 and the second inner ring 62 63.
  • the second outer ring 61 is fixed to the second end cover 70
  • the rotating shaft 30 is fixed to the second inner ring 62, so that the rotating shaft 30 is further rotatably supported on the second end cover 70.
  • the second outer ring 61 and the second end cover 70 are short-connected, and the first outer ring 51 is short-connected with the second outer ring 61 or the second end cover 70.
  • the second end cover 70 is provided with a second mounting groove 74, and the second bearing 60 is embedded in the second mounting groove 74 so that the outer peripheral surface of the second outer ring 61 is opposite to the peripheral side wall of the second mounting groove 74
  • the second outer ring 61 and the second end cover 70 are short-circuited.
  • a first electrical connector (not shown) is embedded in the frame 80, and both ends of the first electrical connector are drawn from the frame 80 and electrically connected to the first outer ring 51 and the second outer ring 61, or Two ends of the first electrical connector are led out from the frame 80 and electrically connected to the first outer ring 51 and the second end cover 70 respectively.
  • the first electrical connector may be a first wire, a first conductive elastic sheet, or the like.
  • the frame 80 is an insulating shell such as a plastic shell or a ceramic shell, in which a first wire is embedded, the first wire is led out from the frame 80, and both ends of the first wire are spot welded to the first outer ring 51 and
  • the second outer ring 61 realizes the short-circuiting of the first outer ring 51 and the second outer ring 61.
  • a first conductive elastic sheet is embedded in the frame 80, and both ends of the conductive elastic sheet extend from the frame 80 and respectively elastically abut and short-circuit the first outer ring 51 and the second outer ring 61.
  • the side of the first outer ring 51 facing the stator 20 and the side of the second outer ring 61 facing the stator 20 are in elastic contact with the conductive elastic pieces respectively, so that the first bearing 50 is assembled on the rotating shaft 30 and the second bearing 60 is assembled on the When the shaft 30 is rotated, the conductive elastic sheet can be connected to the first outer ring 51 and the second outer ring 61 simultaneously.
  • a first electrical connector is embedded in the frame 80, one end of the first electrical connector is electrically connected to the first outer ring 51, and the other end of the first electrical connector is connected to the second end cover exposed on the frame 80 At the position of 70, when the second end cover 70 is installed in the frame 80, it can be electrically connected to the first electrical connector, so as to realize the short connection between the first outer ring 51 and the second end cover 80.
  • the connection structure between the second end cover 80 and the first electrical connector is simplified, and the disassembly of the second end cover 80 is facilitated.
  • the second inner ring 62 is insulated from the second end cover 70, and the bearing is usually coated with insulating grease and other lubricants during use.
  • the second outer ring 61 and the second inner ring 62 pass through the second ball
  • the second ball 63 reduces wear and insulation between the second outer ring 61 and the second inner ring 62 through the oil film, that is, the second outer ring 61 and the second inner ring 62 are insulated and isolated, and then the second outer ring
  • the space between the ring 61 and the second inner ring 62 can be equivalent to the second bearing capacitance C3 of the second bearing 60.
  • the second outer ring 61 and the second end cover 70 are shorted, the electromotive force of the second end cover 70 is equal to the electromotive force of the second outer ring 61, that is, the second outer ring 61 and the second end cover 70 are not equivalent capacitance.
  • the first outer ring 51 and the second outer ring 61 are short-connected, and the first inner ring 52 and the second inner ring 62 are in contact with the rotating shaft 30, which can be regarded as the first inner ring 52 and the second inner ring 62 and the rotating shaft 30 is shorted, so the first outer ring 51 and the second outer ring 61 are equipotential, the first inner ring 52 and the second inner ring 62 are equipotential, which can be equivalent to the first bearing capacitor C1 and the second Bearing capacitor C3 is connected in parallel.
  • the equivalent capacitor C2 can share the shaft voltage formed at both ends of the first bearing capacitor C1 and the second bearing capacitor C3 connected in parallel, so that the shaft voltages at both ends of the first bearing capacitor C1 and the second bearing capacitor C3 are reduced, that is, the parallel connection
  • the shaft voltage at both ends of the first bearing capacitor C1 and the second bearing capacitor C3 is reduced due to the partial pressure of the equivalent capacitor C2, which can effectively reduce the excessive shaft voltage of the first bearing 50 and the second bearing 60, which causes the The oil film is broken down by the insulation and there is a risk of electrical corrosion.
  • the second bearing 60 includes a second outer ring 61 and a second inner ring 62 nested with each other, and a second outer ring 61 and a second inner ring 62 disposed between the second outer ring 61 and the second inner ring 62.
  • the balls 63, the second outer ring 61 are fixed to the second end cover 70, and the rotating shaft 30 is fixed to the second inner ring 62, so that the rotating shaft 30 is further rotatably supported on the second end cover 70.
  • the second outer ring 61 is insulated and isolated from at least part of the second end cover 70, and the insulated and isolated part of the second end cover 70 and the second outer ring 61 is further short-circuited with the stator core 22.
  • the second end cover 70 is provided with a second mounting groove 74, and the second bearing 60 is embedded in the second mounting groove 74 so that the outer peripheral surface of the second outer ring 61 is opposite to the peripheral side wall of the second mounting groove 74 If the second end cover 70 and the stator core 22 are short-connected and grounded, an equivalent capacitor C4 is formed between the second outer ring 61 and the second end cover 70.
  • the second end cover 70 includes a third cover 71 and a fourth cover 72 separated by an insulator 73, the third cover 71 and the fourth cover 72 are both metal covers, of which the second outer ring 61 It is fixed to the third cover 71 and forms a short connection.
  • the fourth cover 72 is insulated from the second outer ring 61 and is shorted to the stator core 22.
  • the second outer ring 61 is in contact with the third cover 71 to form a short connection
  • the fourth cover 72 is separated from the second outer ring due to the isolation between the third cover 71 and the fourth cover 72 by the insulator 73 61 is insulated and isolated, and an equivalent capacitance C4 is formed between the third cover 71 and the fourth cover 72.
  • the second end cover 70 includes a third cover 71, a fourth cover 72, and an insulator 73 in an integrated structure.
  • the third cover 71 may be cylindrical and has a second mounting groove 74.
  • the second bearing 60 is inserted into the second mounting groove 74, and the outer peripheral surface of the second outer ring 61 contacts the peripheral side wall of the second mounting groove 74 to form a short circuit.
  • the insulator 73 and the fourth cover 72 are both in the shape of a hollow ring plate, In addition, the insulator 73 is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the third cover 71, and the fourth cover 72 is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the insulator 73.
  • the second outer ring 61 and the second inner ring 62 can be equivalent to the second bearing capacitance C3 of the second bearing 60, and an equivalent capacitance C4 is formed between the insulated and isolated part of the second outer ring 61 and the second end cover 70 , And the insulated and isolated part of the second end cover 70 is shorted to the stator core 22 and grounded.
  • the equivalent capacitor C4 can share part of the shaft voltage formed on the second bearing 60, so that the shaft voltage across the second bearing capacitor C3 is reduced.
  • the shaft voltage between the second outer ring 61 and the second inner ring 62 is due to The partial voltage of the equivalent capacitor C4 is reduced, thereby effectively reducing the risk of electric corrosion of the oil film in the bearing due to excessive shaft voltage caused by the insulation breakdown of the second bearing 60.
  • first outer ring 51 and the second outer ring 61 are short-circuited, so that the electromotive force of the first outer ring 51 and the second outer ring 61 are the same, and the electromotive force of the second inner ring 52 and the second inner ring 62 are the same. It is equivalent to the parallel connection of the second bearing capacitor C3 and the first bearing capacitor C1.
  • the first outer ring 51 is shorted to the second outer ring 61, and the first end cover 40 and the second end cover 70 are both shorted to the stator core 22 and grounded, so that the equivalent capacitance C4 and the equivalent capacitance C2 can be connected in parallel .
  • the second bearing capacitance C3 and the first bearing capacitance C1 connected in parallel are regarded as a whole capacitance A
  • the equivalent capacitance C4 and the equivalent capacitance C2 connected in parallel are regarded as a whole capacitance B
  • the whole capacitance A and the whole capacitance B are connected in series, that is, the total capacitance A
  • the shaft voltage is reduced due to the partial voltage of the overall capacitance, which can effectively reduce the risk of electrical corrosion of the oil film in the bearings due to excessive shaft voltage caused by the insulation breakdown of the first bearing 50 and the second bearing 60.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the electrical appliance provided in the present application.
  • the electric appliance 200 may be an electric appliance such as an air conditioner and a washing machine.
  • the electrical appliance 200 includes a fixing device 210 and the above-mentioned motor 100.
  • the fixing device 210 is used to fix the motor 100, and the fixing device 210 is insulated from the motor 100.
  • the fixing device 210 is insulated and isolated from the first end cover 40 and the second end cover 70, so as to avoid increasing the equivalent area of the distributed capacitance of the first end cover 40 and the second end cover 70 when the fixing device 210 is made of conductive material , Thereby avoiding increasing the equivalent capacitance C2 between the first end cover 40 and the first bearing 50, and avoiding increasing the equivalent capacitance C4 between the second end cover 70 and the second bearing 60, thereby preventing the increase of the
  • the shaft voltage of the first bearing capacitor C1 of a bearing 50 and the shaft voltage of the second bearing capacitor C3 of the second bearing 60 are prevented from increasing, so as to prevent the first bearing 50 and the second bearing 60 from being improperly installed due to the improper installation of the motor 100
  • the shaft voltage increases, causing the first bearing 50 and the second bearing 60 to be electrically corroded.
  • this application discloses a motor and an electrical appliance.
  • a first bearing capacitor C1 between the first outer ring and the first inner ring, the first outer ring and at least part of the first end cover are insulated and isolated, and then formed between the first outer ring and the first end cover
  • the equivalent capacitance C2, and the part insulated from the first end cover and the first outer ring is further short-circuited with the stator core of the stator and grounded, so that the equivalent capacitance C2 is connected in series with the first bearing capacitance C1, and then is induced on the shaft
  • the equivalent capacitor C2 can share part of the shaft voltage formed on the first bearing, that is, the shaft voltage between the first outer ring and the first inner ring is reduced due to the partial voltage of the equivalent capacitor C2, and then It can effectively reduce the risk of electric corrosion caused by the insulation breakdown of the oil film in the bearing due to the excessive shaft voltage of the first bearing, which can reduce the risk of breakdown of the capacitor of the first bearing,

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Abstract

本申请公开了一种电机和电器。该电机包括转子、定子、转轴、第一端盖以及第一轴承，转子设置于转轴上，且转子与定子彼此间隔嵌套设置，第一轴承包括彼此嵌套的第一外圈和第一内圈以及设置于第一外圈和第一内圈之间的第一滚珠，第一外圈固定于第一端盖，转轴固定于第一内圈，进而使得转轴转动支撑于第一端盖，第一外圈与第一端盖的至少部分之间绝缘隔离，第一端盖与第一外圈绝缘隔离的部分进一步与定子的定子铁芯短接并接地。通过上述方式，本申请提供电机能够有效降低第一轴承由于轴电压过大而致使轴承内的油膜被绝缘击穿而发生电腐蚀的风险。

Description

电机和电器
本申请要求于2020年02月17日提交的两件申请号分别为202020178756.6和202010096960.8，且发明名称均为“电机和电器”的中国专利申请的优先权，其通过引用方式全部并入本申请。
【技术领域】
本申请涉及电机技术领域，特别是涉及一种电机和电器。
【背景技术】
直流无刷电机通过PWM(Pulse Width Modulation，脉冲宽度调制)控制方式实现驱动，电机在运行过程中由于转子在交变的磁场或磁路不对称等原因下，会产生轴电压。转子轴承内外圈之间通过滚珠连接，滚珠和承接部件通过油膜减少磨损和绝缘，在轴电压大于一定值时，油膜将被轴电压击穿，导致轴承滚珠或内外圈表面产生电腐蚀，从而引起噪音，使轴承寿命缩短，严重时导致电机无法正常运行。
【发明内容】
本申请主要提供一种电机和电器，以解决电机中轴承内的油膜被过大的轴电压击穿而只是轴承发生电腐蚀的问题。
为解决上述技术问题，本申请采用的一个技术方案是：提供一种电机。该电机包括转子、定子、转轴、第一端盖以及第一轴承，转子设置于转轴上，且转子与定子彼此间隔嵌套设置，第一轴承包括彼此嵌套的第一外圈和第一内圈以及设置于第一外圈和第一内圈之间的第一滚珠，第一外圈固定于第一端盖，转轴固定于第一内圈，进而使得转轴转动支撑于第一端盖，第一外圈与第一端盖的至少部分之间绝缘隔离，第一端盖与第一外圈绝缘隔离的部分进一步与定子的定子铁芯短接并接地。
在一些实施方式中，所述电机还包括第二轴承和第二端盖，所述第二轴承包括彼此嵌套的第二外圈和第二内圈以及设置于所述第二外圈和所述第二内圈之间的第二滚珠，所述第二外圈固定于所述第二端盖，所述转轴固定于所述第二内圈，进而使得所述转轴进一步转动支撑于所述第二端盖上，所述第二外圈与所述第二端盖短接。
在一些实施方式中，所述第一外圈与所述第二外圈短接。
在一些实施方式中，所述第一外圈与所述第二端盖短接。
在一些实施方式中，所述电机还包括第二轴承和第二端盖，所述第二轴承包括彼此嵌套的第二外圈和第二内圈以及设置于所述第二外圈和所述第二内圈之间的第二滚珠，所述第二外圈固定于所述第二端盖上，所述转轴固定于所述第二内圈，进而使得所述转轴进一步转动支撑于所述第二端盖，所述第二外圈与所述第二端盖的至少部分之间绝缘隔离，所述第二端盖与所述第二外圈绝缘隔离的部分进一步与所述定子铁芯短接。
在一些实施方式中，所述电机还包括机架，所述第一端盖和所述第二端盖沿所述转轴的轴向间隔设置，且所述第一端盖和所述第二端盖盖设于所述机架的两端，以形成一容置腔，所述转子、所述定子和所述转轴设置于所述容置腔内，所述转轴进一步从所述第二端盖延伸至所述容置腔外。
在一些实施方式中，所述电机还包括第一电连接件，所述机架中埋设有所述第一电连接件，所述第一电连接件的两端自所述机架引出并分别电连接所述第一外圈和所述第二外圈。
在一些实施方式中，所述第一端盖设置有第一安装槽，所述第一轴承嵌入于所述第一安装槽，以使得所述第一外圈的外周面与所述第一安装槽的周侧壁相对设置且绝缘隔离；所述第二端盖设置有第二安装槽，所述第二轴承嵌入于所述第二安装槽，以使得所述第二外圈的外周面与所述第二安装槽的周侧壁相对设置。
在一些实施方式中，所述第一端盖包括由绝缘体隔离的第一盖体和第二盖 体，其中所述第一外圈固定于所述第一盖体并形成短接，所述第二盖体与所述第一外圈绝缘隔离并与所述定子铁芯短接。
在一些实施方式中，所述电机还包括第二电连接件，所述第二电连接件的两端分别电连接所述第一端盖和所述定子铁芯。
为解决上述技术问题，本申请采用的另一个技术方案是：提供一种电器。该家用电器包括固定装置和如上述的电机，固定装置用于固定电机，且固定装置与电机绝缘。
本申请的有益效果是：区别于现有技术的情况，本申请公开了一种电机和电器。通过第一外圈和第一内圈之间构成第一轴承电容C1，第一外圈与第一端盖的至少部分之间绝缘隔离，进而在第一外圈与第一端盖之间构成等效电容C2，且第一端盖与第一外圈绝缘隔离的部分进一步与定子的定子铁芯短接并接地，从而使得等效电容C2与第一轴承电容C1串联，进而在转轴上感应出轴电压后，等效电容C2可分担形成于第一轴承上的部分轴电压，即第一外圈和第一内圈之间的轴电压由于等效电容C2的分压而减小，进而可有效降低第一轴承由于轴电压过大而致使轴承内的油膜被绝缘击穿而发生电腐蚀的风险，即可降低第一轴承电容被击穿的风险，从而可避免第一滚珠与第一外圈、第一内圈表面产生电腐蚀，并可避免由于电腐蚀而致使第一轴承产生噪音和缩减第一轴承的使用寿命的状况发生。
【附图说明】
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图，其中：
图1是本申请提供的电机一实施例的结构示意图；
图2是图1中第一端盖的第一种实施例的结构示意图；
图3是图1中第一端盖的第二种实施例的结构示意图；
图4是图1中第一端盖的第三种实施例的结构示意图；
图5是图1中第二端盖的第一种实施例的结构示意图；
图6是图1中第二端盖的第二种实施例的结构示意图；
图7是本申请提供的家用电器一实施例的结构示意图。
【具体实施方式】
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅是本申请的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
本申请实施例中的术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”、“第三”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。本申请的描述中，“多个”的含义是至少两个，例如两个，三个等，除非另有明确具体的限定。此外，术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。例如包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备没有限定于已列出的步骤或单元，而是可选地还包括没有列出的步骤或单元，或可选地还包括对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其他步骤或单元。
在本文中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其他实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是，本文所描述的实施例可以与其他实施例相结合。
本申请提供一种电机100，参阅图1，图1是本申请提供的电机一实施例的 结构示意图。
电机100包括转子10、定子20和转轴30，其中转子10设置于转轴30上，转子10与定子20彼此间隔嵌套设置。电机100通电后，转子10与定子20之间由于电磁效应而使得转子10相对定子20转动，并带动转轴30以进行动力输出。
电机100还包括第一端盖40、第一轴承50、第二轴承60、第二端盖70和机架80，第一端盖40和第二端盖70沿转轴30的轴向间隔设置，第一端盖40和第二端盖70盖设于机架80的两端，以形成一容置腔82，转子10、定子20和转轴30设置于容置腔82内，转轴30进一步从第二端盖70延伸至容置腔82外，且转轴30通过第一轴承50转动支撑于第一端盖40，转轴30通过第二轴承60转动支撑于第二端盖70。
第一轴承50包括彼此嵌套的第一外圈51和第一内圈52以及设置于第一外圈51和第一内圈52之间的第一滚珠53，第一外圈51固定于第一端盖40，转轴30固定于第一内圈52，进而使得转轴30转动支撑于第一端盖40。
其中，第一外圈51与第一端盖40的至少部分之间绝缘隔离，第一端盖40与第一外圈51绝缘隔离的部分进一步与定子20的定子铁芯22短接并接地。
第一内圈52与第一端盖40绝缘隔离，且通常轴承在使用过程中涂敷有绝缘性的润滑油脂等润滑剂，致使第一外圈51和第一内圈52之间绝缘隔离，进而第一外圈51和第一内圈52之间可等效为第一轴承50的第一轴承电容C1。
第一端盖40通过第二电连接件(未图示)与定子铁芯22短接。
可选地，第二电连接件可以是导线、导电弹片和导电弹性探针等。第一端盖40可通过导线与定子铁芯22短接，导线两端分别点焊于第一端盖40和定子铁芯22。或者，第一端盖40通过导电弹片或导电弹性探针与定子铁芯22短接，导电弹片或导电弹性探针连接于第一端盖40朝向定子铁芯22的一侧，并在第一端盖40封盖于机架80时，导电弹片或导电弹性探针与定子铁芯22弹性抵接并电接触。
在一些实施方式中，第一端盖40为金属端盖，第一外圈51为金属材质制成的，且第一外圈51与整体的第一端盖40绝缘隔离，继而在第一外圈51和第一端盖40之间构成等效电容C2，且第一端盖40与定子铁芯22短接并接地。
参阅图2，第一端盖40设置有第一安装槽44，第一轴承50嵌入于第一安装槽44，以使得第一外圈51的外周面与第一安装槽44的周侧壁相对设置且绝缘隔离。
参阅图3，第一端盖40还可以包括盖体45和多个挡块46，多个挡块46设置于盖体45朝向定子20的一侧，且多个挡块46围设而成一容置空间，第一轴承50可嵌入该容置空间内，且第一外圈51的外周面与挡块46相对的侧面绝缘隔离。
例如，第一外圈51和/或第一端盖40朝向第一外圈51的侧面涂布有绝缘膜，因而第一外圈51与第一端盖40之间绝缘隔离并可形成等效电容C2。
或者，第一外圈51与第一端盖40之间设置有绝缘件，该绝缘件设置于第一外圈51与第一端盖40之间。该绝缘件可以是绝缘套环，该绝缘套环套设于第一外圈51并衬设于第一端盖40。该绝缘件还可以是镂空的绝缘套环，本申请对此不作限制。
电机100可能由于交变的磁场或磁路不对称等原因下而会在转轴30上感应产生轴电压，且转轴30套设并固定于第一内圈52，第一外圈51和第一内圈52之间通过第一滚珠53连接，第一滚珠53通过油膜与第一外圈51、第一内圈52之间减少磨损和绝缘，即第一外圈51与第一内圈52之间绝缘隔离，且第一外圈51和第一端盖40绝缘隔离，第一端盖40与定子铁芯22短接，且定子铁芯22接地。
因而转轴30可等效作为轴电压的输入端，并分别经第一轴承电容C1和等效电容C2再经由定子铁芯22接地，定子铁芯22接地而作为零电势位。即可知，在电机的等效电路中，等效电容C2与第一轴承电容C1串联，从而等效电容C2可分担形成于第一轴承50上的部分轴电压，使得第一轴承电容C1两端的轴电 压降低，换言之，第一外圈51和第一内圈52之间的轴电压由于等效电容C2的分压而减小，进而可有效降低第一轴承50由于轴电压过大而致使轴承内的油膜被绝缘击穿而发生电腐蚀的风险，即可降低第一轴承电容C1被击穿的风险，从而可避免第一滚珠53与第一外圈51、第一内圈52表面产生电腐蚀，并可避免由于电腐蚀而致使第一轴承50产生噪音和缩减第一轴承50的使用寿命的状况发生。
在另一些实施方式中，第一端盖40为复合端盖，第一外圈51与一部分第一端盖40接触并与另一部分第一端盖40绝缘隔离，且第一端盖40与第一外圈51绝缘隔离的部分进一步与定子铁芯22短接并接地。
参阅图4，第一端盖40包括由绝缘体43隔离的第一盖体41和第二盖体42，第一盖体41和第二盖体42均为金属盖体，其中第一外圈51固定于第一盖体41并形成短接，第二盖体42与第一外圈51绝缘隔离并与定子铁芯22短接。换言之，第一外圈51与第一盖体41接触而形成短接，且由于第一盖体41与第二盖体42之间由绝缘体43隔离而使得第二盖体42与第一外圈51绝缘隔离，进而第一盖体41与第二盖体42之间构成等效电容C2，因而第一轴承电容C1两端的轴电压仍因等效电容C2分压而有效减小，进而降低第一轴承50由于轴电压过大而致使第一外圈51和第一内圈52之间形成的第一轴承电容C1击穿而发生电腐蚀的风险。
如图4所示，第一端盖40包括一体结构的第一盖体41、第二盖体42和绝缘体43，第一盖体41可以是呈筒状，其具有第一安装槽44，第一轴承50嵌入第一安装槽44，且第一外圈51的外周面与第一安装槽44的周侧壁接触而形成短接，绝缘体43和第二盖体42均呈空心环板状，且绝缘体43设置于第一盖体41的外周壁，第二盖体42设置于绝缘体43的外周壁。
现以第一端盖40为全金属端盖为例，说明第二端盖70与第二轴承60之间的关系。
在一些实施方式中，参阅图1，第二轴承60包括彼此嵌套的第二外圈61和 第二内圈62以及设置于第二外圈61和第二内圈62之间的第二滚珠63，第二外圈61固定于第二端盖70，转轴30固定于第二内圈62，进而使得转轴30进一步转动支撑于第二端盖70。其中，第二外圈61与第二端盖70短接，且第一外圈51与第二外圈61或第二端盖70短接。
参阅图5，第二端盖70设置有第二安装槽74，第二轴承60嵌入于第二安装槽74，以使得第二外圈61的外周面与第二安装槽74的周侧壁相对设置且导电接触，即第二外圈61与第二端盖70短接。
具体地，机架80中埋设有第一电连接件(未图示)，第一电连接件的两端自机架80引出并分别电连接第一外圈51和第二外圈61，或者第一电连接件的两端自机架80引出并分别电连接第一外圈51和第二端盖70，其中第一电连接件可以是第一导线、第一导电弹片等。
例如，机架80为塑胶外壳或陶瓷外壳等绝缘外壳，其内埋设第一导线，该第一导线自机架80引出，且该第一导线的两端分别点焊于第一外圈51和第二外圈61，以实现第一外圈51与第二外圈61短接。
或者，机架80内埋设有第一导电弹片，导电弹片的两端自机架80伸出并分别与第一外圈51和第二外圈61弹性抵接并短接。具体地，第一外圈51朝向定子20的一侧和第二外圈61朝向定子20的一侧分别与导电弹片弹性接触，从而在装配第一轴承50于转轴30和装配第二轴承60于转轴30时可同步实现导电弹片连接第一外圈51和第二外圈61。
或者，机架80内埋设有第一电连接件，第一电连接件的一端与第一外圈51电连接，第一电连接件的另一端与裸露于机架80上连接第二端盖70的位置处，进而第二端盖70安装于机架80时即可电连接于第一电连接件，从而实现第一外圈51和第二端盖80之间的短接，相对而言简化了第二端盖80和第一电连接件之间的连接结构，也便于第二端盖80的拆卸。
第二内圈62与第二端盖70绝缘隔离，且通常轴承在使用过程中涂敷有绝缘性的润滑油脂等润滑剂，第二外圈61和第二内圈62之间通过第二滚珠63连 接时，第二滚珠63通过油膜与第二外圈61、第二内圈62之间减少磨损和绝缘，即第二外圈61与第二内圈62之间绝缘隔离，进而第二外圈61和第二内圈62之间可等效为第二轴承60的第二轴承电容C3。
第二外圈61与第二端盖70短接，则第二端盖70的电动势与第二外圈61的电动势相等，即第二外圈61与第二端盖70之间不构成等效电容。第一外圈51与第二外圈61短接，且第一内圈52和第二内圈62均与转轴30接触固定，即可看作第一内圈52和第二内圈62与转轴30短接，因而第一外圈51与第二外圈61为等电势位，第一内圈52和第二内圈62为等电势位，进而可等效为第一轴承电容C1和第二轴承电容C3并联。
进而，等效电容C2可分担形成于并联的第一轴承电容C1和第二轴承电容C3两端的轴电压，使得第一轴承电容C1和第二轴承电容C3两端的轴电压均降低，即并联的第一轴承电容C1和第二轴承电容C3两端的轴电压由于等效电容C2的分压而减小，因而可有效降低第一轴承50和第二轴承60由于轴电压过大而致使轴承内的油膜被绝缘击穿而发生电腐蚀的风险。
在另一些实施方式中，参阅图1，第二轴承60包括彼此嵌套的第二外圈61和第二内圈62以及设置于第二外圈61和第二内圈62之间的第二滚珠63，第二外圈61固定于第二端盖70，转轴30固定于第二内圈62，进而使得转轴30进一步转动支撑于第二端盖70。其中，第二外圈61与第二端盖70的至少部分之间绝缘隔离，第二端盖70与第二外圈61绝缘隔离的部分进一步与定子铁芯22短接。
参阅图5，第二端盖70设置有第二安装槽74，第二轴承60嵌入于第二安装槽74，以使得第二外圈61的外周面与第二安装槽74的周侧壁相对设置且绝缘隔离，且第二端盖70与定子铁芯22短接并接地，则第二外圈61与第二端盖70之间构成等效电容C4。
参阅图6，第二端盖70包括由绝缘体73隔离的第三盖体71和第四盖体72，第三盖体71和第四盖体72均为金属盖体，其中第二外圈61固定于第三盖体71 并形成短接，第四盖体72与第二外圈61绝缘隔离并与定子铁芯22短接。换言之，第二外圈61与第三盖体71接触而形成短接，且由于第三盖体71与第四盖体72之间由绝缘体73隔离而使得第四盖体72与第二外圈61绝缘隔离，进而第三盖体71与第四盖体72之间构成等效电容C4。
如图6所示，第二端盖70包括一体结构的第三盖体71、第四盖体72和绝缘体73，第三盖体71可以是呈筒状，其具有第二安装槽74，第二轴承60嵌入第二安装槽74，且第二外圈61的外周面与第二安装槽74的周侧壁接触而形成短接，绝缘体73和第四盖体72均呈空心环板状，且绝缘体73设置于第三盖体71的外周壁，第四盖体72设置于绝缘体73的外周壁。
第二外圈61和第二内圈62之间可等效为第二轴承60的第二轴承电容C3，第二外圈61与第二端盖70绝缘隔离的部分之间形成等效电容C4，且该第二端盖70绝缘隔离的部分与定子铁芯22短接并接地。
因而等效电容C4可分担形成于第二轴承60上的部分轴电压，使得第二轴承电容C3两端的轴电压降低，换言之，第二外圈61和第二内圈62之间的轴电压由于等效电容C4的分压而减小，进而可有效降低第二轴承60由于轴电压过大而致使轴承内的油膜被绝缘击穿而发生电腐蚀的风险。
进一步地，第一外圈51与第二外圈61短接，则使得第一外圈51与第二外圈61的电动势相同，且第二内圈52与第二内圈62的电动势相同，则等效为第二轴承电容C3和第一轴承电容C1并联。第一外圈51与第二外圈61短接，且第一端盖40和第二端盖70均与定子铁芯22短接并接地，从而可使得等效电容C4和等效电容C2并联。
并联的第二轴承电容C3和第一轴承电容C1作为一个整体电容A，并联的等效电容C4和等效电容C2作为一个整体电容B，整体电容A和整体电容B串联，即整体电容A的轴电压由于整体电容的分压而减小，进而可有效降低第一轴承50和第二轴承60由于轴电压过大而致使轴承内的油膜被绝缘击穿而发生电腐蚀的风险。
本申请还一种家用电器200，参阅图7，图7是本申请提供的电器一实施例的结构示意图。
该电器200可以是空调机、洗衣机等电器。
该电器200包括固定装置210和如上述的电机100，固定装置210用于固定电机100，且固定装置210与电机100绝缘。
具体地，固定装置210与第一端盖40和第二端盖70绝缘隔离设置，进而可避免固定装置210为导电材质时增加第一端盖40和第二端盖70分布电容的等效面积，进而避免增大第一端盖40与第一轴承50之间的等效电容C2，以及避免增大第二端盖70与第二轴承60之间的等效电容C4，进而防止加大第一轴承50的第一轴承电容C1的轴电压和防止加大第二轴承60的第二轴承电容C3的轴电压，以此避免因电机100的安装不当而导致第一轴承50和第二轴承60的轴电压加大，致使第一轴承50和第二轴承60电腐蚀的状况发生。
区别于现有技术的情况，本申请公开了一种电机和电器。通过第一外圈和第一内圈之间构成第一轴承电容C1，第一外圈与第一端盖的至少部分之间绝缘隔离，进而在第一外圈与第一端盖之间构成等效电容C2，且第一端盖与第一外圈绝缘隔离的部分进一步与定子的定子铁芯短接并接地，从而使得等效电容C2与第一轴承电容C1串联，进而在转轴上感应出轴电压后，等效电容C2可分担形成于第一轴承上的部分轴电压，即第一外圈和第一内圈之间的轴电压由于等效电容C2的分压而减小，进而可有效降低第一轴承由于轴电压过大而致使轴承内的油膜被绝缘击穿而发生电腐蚀的风险，即可降低第一轴承电容被击穿的风险，从而可避免第一滚珠与第一外圈、第一内圈表面产生电腐蚀，并可避免由于电腐蚀而致使第一轴承产生噪音和缩减第一轴承的使用寿命的状况发生。
以上所述仅为本申请的实施例，并非因此限制本申请的专利范围，凡是利用本申请说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本申请的专利保护范围内。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种电机，其特征在于，所述电机包括转子、定子、转轴、第一端盖以及第一轴承，所述转子设置于所述转轴上，且所述转子与所述定子彼此间隔嵌套设置，所述第一轴承包括彼此嵌套的第一外圈和第一内圈以及设置于所述第一外圈和第一内圈之间的第一滚珠，所述第一外圈固定于所述第一端盖，所述转轴固定于所述第一内圈，进而使得所述转轴转动支撑于所述第一端盖，所述第一外圈与所述第一端盖的至少部分之间绝缘隔离，所述第一端盖与所述第一外圈绝缘隔离的部分进一步与所述定子的定子铁芯短接并接地。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电机，其特征在于，所述电机还包括第二轴承和第二端盖，所述第二轴承包括彼此嵌套的第二外圈和第二内圈以及设置于所述第二外圈和所述第二内圈之间的第二滚珠，所述第二外圈固定于所述第二端盖，所述转轴固定于所述第二内圈，进而使得所述转轴进一步转动支撑于所述第二端盖上，所述第二外圈与所述第二端盖短接。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电机，其特征在于，所述第一外圈与所述第二外圈短接。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的电机，其特征在于，所述第一外圈与所述第二端盖短接。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的电机，其特征在于，所述电机还包括第二轴承和第二端盖，所述第二轴承包括彼此嵌套的第二外圈和第二内圈以及设置于所述第二外圈和所述第二内圈之间的第二滚珠，所述第二外圈固定于所述第二端盖上，所述转轴固定于所述第二内圈，进而使得所述转轴进一步转动支撑于所述第二端盖，所述第二外圈与所述第二端盖的至少部分之间绝缘隔离，所述第二端盖与所述第二外圈绝缘隔离的部分进一步与所述定子铁芯短接。
  6. 根据权利要求2或5所述的电机，其特征在于，所述电机还包括机架，所述第一端盖和所述第二端盖沿所述转轴的轴向间隔设置，且所述第一端盖和 所述第二端盖盖设于所述机架的两端，以形成一容置腔，所述转子、所述定子和所述转轴设置于所述容置腔内，所述转轴进一步从所述第二端盖延伸至所述容置腔外。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的电机，其特征在于，所述电机还包括第一电连接件，所述机架中埋设有所述第一电连接件，所述第一电连接件的两端自所述机架引出并分别电连接所述第一外圈和所述第二外圈；或者
    所述第一电连接件的两端自所述机架引出并分别电连接所述第一外圈和所述第二端盖。
  8. 根据权利要求2或5所述的电机，其特征在于，所述第一端盖设置有第一安装槽，所述第一轴承嵌入于所述第一安装槽，以使得所述第一外圈的外周面与所述第一安装槽的周侧壁相对设置且绝缘隔离；所述第二端盖设置有第二安装槽，所述第二轴承嵌入于所述第二安装槽，以使得所述第二外圈的外周面与所述第二安装槽的周侧壁相对设置。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的电机，其特征在于，所述第一外圈与整体的所述第一端盖绝缘隔离，所述第一外圈和/或所述第一端盖朝向所述第一外圈的侧面涂布有绝缘膜；或者
    所述第一外圈与所述第一端盖之间设置有绝缘件，并通过所述绝缘件彼此绝缘隔离。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的电机，其特征在于，所述第一端盖包括由绝缘体隔离的第一盖体和第二盖体，其中所述第一外圈固定于所述第一盖体并形成短接，所述第二盖体与所述第一外圈绝缘隔离并与所述定子铁芯短接。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的电机，其特征在于，所述电机还包括第二电连接件，所述第二电连接件的两端分别电连接所述第一端盖和所述定子铁芯。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的电机，其特征在于，所述第二电连接件是导线、导电弹片或导电弹性探针。
  13. 一种电器，其特征在于，所述电器包括固定装置和如权利要求1至12 任一项所述的电机，所述固定装置用于固定所述电机，且所述固定装置与所述电机绝缘。
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CN211791053U (zh) * 2020-02-17 2020-10-27 广东美的白色家电技术创新中心有限公司 电机和电器

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EP4201803A1 (de) * 2021-12-22 2023-06-28 Torqeedo GmbH Bootsantrieb

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