WO2021159893A1 - 一种基于供热相量模型的电-热多能流系统优化调度方法 - Google Patents
一种基于供热相量模型的电-热多能流系统优化调度方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021159893A1 WO2021159893A1 PCT/CN2021/070696 CN2021070696W WO2021159893A1 WO 2021159893 A1 WO2021159893 A1 WO 2021159893A1 CN 2021070696 W CN2021070696 W CN 2021070696W WO 2021159893 A1 WO2021159893 A1 WO 2021159893A1
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- power
- heating system
- heating
- heat
- phasor
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 178
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
- G06Q10/04—Forecasting or optimisation specially adapted for administrative or management purposes, e.g. linear programming or "cutting stock problem"
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
- G05B19/042—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B13/00—Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion
- G05B13/02—Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric
- G05B13/0205—Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric not using a model or a simulator of the controlled system
- G05B13/021—Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric not using a model or a simulator of the controlled system in which a variable is automatically adjusted to optimise the performance
- G05B13/0235—Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric not using a model or a simulator of the controlled system in which a variable is automatically adjusted to optimise the performance using steepest descent or ascent method
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q50/00—Information and communication technology [ICT] specially adapted for implementation of business processes of specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
- G06Q50/06—Energy or water supply
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/20—Pc systems
- G05B2219/26—Pc applications
- G05B2219/2639—Energy management, use maximum of cheap power, keep peak load low
Definitions
- the application relates to an optimized dispatch method of an electric-heat multi-energy flow system based on a heating phasor model, which belongs to the technical field of power grid operation and control containing multiple energy forms.
- Multi-energy flow refers to multiple types of energy flow, representing the mutual coupling, conversion and transmission of energy flows such as electricity, heat, cooling, air, and transportation.
- the multi-energy flow system brings benefits including: 1) Through the cascade development and utilization of multiple types of energy and intelligent management, it can reduce energy consumption and waste, improve comprehensive energy utilization efficiency, and help To reduce the total energy cost; 2) The use of different energy characteristics and complementation and conversion will help improve the ability to absorb intermittent renewable energy; 3) Through the transfer, complementation and coordinated control of multiple energy sources, there are It helps to improve the reliability of energy supply and provides more controllable resources for the operation of the power grid; 4) Through the coordinated planning and construction of multi-energy flow systems, the redundant construction and waste of infrastructure can be reduced, and the utilization rate of assets can be improved.
- the multi-energy flow system has considerable benefits, on the other hand, it also makes the originally complex energy system more complicated.
- the multi-energy flow system is composed of multiple energy flow subsystems.
- the interaction and influence between these energy flow subsystems significantly increase the complexity of the multi-energy flow system, which reflects many new characteristics.
- the traditional method of analyzing each energy flow separately It has been difficult to adapt to the new requirements, and there is an urgent need to develop a new multi-energy flow analysis method.
- more and more coupling elements such as cogeneration units, heat pumps, and electric boilers have objectively enhanced the interconnection between electricity and heat, and promoted the development of electricity-heat multi-energy flow systems.
- the operation and control technology of the energy flow system puts forward new requirements.
- the optimal dispatch of the electric-heat multi-energy flow system refers to when the structural parameters and load conditions of the system are given, the available control variables (such as the output power of the generator in the power grid, the head of the pump in the heating network, etc.) are adjusted to find The power flow distribution that can meet all operating constraints and make a certain performance index of the system (such as total operating cost or network loss) reach the optimal value.
- the current research in this area is mainly based on the steady-state model of the heating system, and the actual heating system has obvious dynamic processes.
- the dynamic process of the heating system needs to be considered.
- Optimal dispatch method of electric-heat multi-energy flow system based on heating phasor model.
- the purpose of this application is to propose an electric-heat multi-energy flow system optimization scheduling method based on a heating phasor model to make up for the gaps in existing research in the field, and to establish an electric-heat multi-energy flow system based on a heating phasor model
- the dispatch model realizes the optimal dispatch of the electric-heat multi-energy flow system considering the dynamic characteristics of the heating system.
- the optimized dispatching method of the electric-heat multi-energy flow system based on the heating phasor model proposed in this application includes the following steps:
- the superscript HL is the heat load indicator
- ⁇ is the fundamental frequency of the phasor
- K is the order of the fundamental frequency of the phasor
- ⁇ is the scheduling time interval
- the superscript HS is the identification of the heat source in the heating system, Is the heating power phasor of the i-th heat source in the heating system with a frequency of k ⁇ , Is the end temperature phasor of the b-th pipe in the heating system with a frequency of k ⁇ , C w is the specific heat capacity of water, and the specific heat capacity is 4182 joules/(kg ⁇ degree Celsius), m b is the flow rate of the b-th pipe, Is the heating power phasor with the frequency of k ⁇ for the i-th heat load in the heating system, Is the temperature phasor of the nth node in the heating system with a frequency of k ⁇ , A collection of numbers for the heat source nodes of the heating system, A collection of numbers for the heat load nodes of the heating system, Is the collection of pipe numbers whose end node is the nth node in the heating system, Is a collection of pipe numbers whose head node is the nth no
- the superscript HS is the heat source identification in the heating system, Is the heating power of the i-th heat source in the heating system at the scheduling time ⁇ w , the function Re( ⁇ ) represents the real part of the complex number, Is the heating power phasor of the i-th heat source in the heating system with a frequency of k ⁇ , A set of numbers for the heat source of the heating system;
- t n is the lower limit of the temperature of the nth node in the heating system
- the function Re( ⁇ ) represents taking the real part of the complex number
- the superscript ES is the power source identification
- P ⁇ ,i is the abscissa of the ⁇ -th vertex of the approximate polygon of the i-th cogeneration unit’s operating feasible region
- Q ⁇ , i is the ordinate of the k-th vertex of the approximate polygon of the operating feasible region of the i-th cogeneration unit
- NK i is the number of vertices of the approximate polygon of the operating feasible region of the i-th combined heat and power unit.
- the above constitutes the operational feasible region of the combined heat and power unit
- the approximate polygon is obtained from the factory manual of the combined heat and power unit, Is the number set
- the superscript ES is the power source identification, Is the generated power of the i-th generator set in the power system at the dispatch time ⁇ w , Is the electric load power of the nth node in the power system at the dispatch time ⁇ w, A collection of numbers for power system generator sets, Is the set of node numbers in the power system;
- F b is the power upper limit of the b-th line in the power system, ⁇ b,n is the transfer distribution factor between the n-th node and the b-th line in the power system, Is the set of generator sets on the nth node in the power system, It is a collection of lines in the power system;
- the superscript TU is the identification of other generating units in the power system except the cogeneration unit
- p i is the power lower limit of the i-th generating unit in the power system
- a 0,i , a 1,i , a 2,i , a 3,i , a 4,i and a 5,i are the cost coefficients of the i-th cogeneration unit/generator unit, a 0,i , A 1,i , a 2,i , a 3,i , a 4,i and a 5,i are obtained from the energy management system of the electric-thermal multi-energy flow system, Is the generating power of the i-th cogeneration unit or generating unit at dispatch time ⁇ w , Is the heating power of the i-th cogeneration unit at dispatch time ⁇ w;
- the generated power and thermoelectric power of the generator set in the electric-thermal multi-energy flow system are obtained.
- the power generation and heating power of the co-generation unit are used as the optimal dispatch parameters of the electric-heat multi-energy flow system to realize the optimal dispatch of the electric-heat multi-energy flow system based on the heating phasor model.
- the optimal scheduling method of the electric-heat multi-energy flow system based on the heating phasor model of this application takes into account the mutual influence of the electric-heat system, establishes the constraint equation of the heating system phasor form, and considers the dynamics of the heating system Characteristic, realizes the optimal dispatching of the electric-heat multi-energy flow system.
- the phasor model can more accurately describe the dynamic characteristics of the heating system, thereby improving the accuracy of the dispatching results of electric-heat multi-energy flow systems.
- the method of the present application can be applied to the formulation of the electric-thermal multi-energy flow system scheduling plan, which is beneficial to improve the energy efficiency of the electric-heat multi-energy flow system, increase the accuracy of the scheduling plan, and reduce the operating cost.
- the optimized dispatching method of the electric-heat multi-energy flow system based on the heating phasor model proposed in this application includes the following steps:
- the superscript HL is the heat load indicator
- ⁇ is the fundamental frequency of the phasor
- K is the order of the fundamental frequency of the phasor
- the number of scheduling times is set according to the optimal scheduling accuracy of the electric-thermal multi-energy flow system, which is 24 in an embodiment of the present application
- ⁇ is the scheduling time interval
- the superscript HS is the identification of the heat source in the heating system, Is the heating power phasor of the i-th heat source in the heating system with a frequency of k ⁇ , Is the end temperature phasor of the b-th pipe in the heating system with a frequency of k ⁇ , C w is the specific heat capacity of water, and the specific heat capacity is 4182 joules/(kg ⁇ degree Celsius), m b is the flow rate of the b-th pipe, Is the heating power phasor with the frequency of k ⁇ for the i-th heat load in the heating system, Is the temperature phasor of the nth node in the heating system with a frequency of k ⁇ , A collection of numbers for the heat source nodes of the heating system, A collection of numbers for the heat load nodes of the heating system, Is the collection of pipe numbers whose end node is the nth node in the heating system, Is a collection of pipe numbers whose head node is the nth no
- the superscript HS is the heat source identification in the heating system, Is the heating power of the i-th heat source in the heating system at the scheduling time ⁇ w , the function Re( ⁇ ) represents the real part of the complex number, Is the heating power phasor of the i-th heat source in the heating system with a frequency of k ⁇ , A set of numbers for the heat source of the heating system;
- t n is the lower limit of the temperature of the nth node in the heating system
- the function Re( ⁇ ) represents taking the real part of the complex number
- the superscript ES is the power source identification
- P ⁇ ,i is the abscissa of the ⁇ -th vertex of the approximate polygon of the i-th cogeneration unit’s operating feasible region
- Q ⁇ , i is the ordinate of the k-th vertex of the approximate polygon of the operating feasible region of the i-th cogeneration unit
- NK i is the number of vertices of the approximate polygon of the operating feasible region of the i-th combined heat and power unit.
- the above constitutes the operational feasible region of the combined heat and power unit
- the approximate polygon is obtained from the factory manual of the combined heat and power unit, Is the number set
- the superscript ES is the power source identification, Is the generated power of the i-th generator set in the power system at the dispatch time ⁇ w , Is the electric load power of the nth node in the power system at the dispatch time ⁇ w, A collection of numbers for power system generator sets, Is the set of node numbers in the power system;
- F b is the power upper limit of the b-th line in the power system, ⁇ b,n is the transfer distribution factor between the n-th node and the b-th line in the power system, Is the set of generator sets on the nth node in the power system, It is a collection of lines in the power system;
- the superscript TU is the identification of other generating units in the power system except the cogeneration unit
- p i is the power lower limit of the i-th generating unit in the power system
- a 0,i , a 1,i , a 2,i , a 3,i , a 4,i and a 5,i are the cost coefficients of the i-th cogeneration unit/generator unit, a 0,i , A 1,i , a 2,i , a 3,i , a 4,i and a 5,i are obtained from the energy management system of the electric-thermal multi-energy flow system, Is the generating power of the i-th cogeneration unit or generating unit at dispatch time ⁇ w , Is the heating power of the i-th cogeneration unit at dispatch time ⁇ w;
- the generated power and thermoelectric power of the generator set in the electric-thermal multi-energy flow system are obtained.
- the power generation and heating power of the co-generation unit are used as the optimal dispatch parameters of the electric-heat multi-energy flow system to realize the optimal dispatch of the electric-heat multi-energy flow system based on the heating phasor model.
- step (5) of the method the interior point method used to solve the equation is a method for solving linear programming or nonlinear convex optimization problems, and it is also a well-known and public technique in the technical field.
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Abstract
一种基于供热相量模型的电-热多能流系统优化调度方法，考虑了电-热系统的相互影响，建立了供热系统相量形式的约束方程，考虑了供热系统的动态特性，实现了电-热多能流系统的优化调度。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请基于申请号为202010090172.8、申请日为2020年02月13日的中国专利申请“一种基于供热相量模型的电-热多能流系统优化调度方法”提出，并要求上述中国专利申请的优先权，上述中国专利申请的全部内容在此引入本申请作为参考。
本申请涉及一种基于供热相量模型的电-热多能流系统优化调度方法，属于含多种能源形式的电网运行和控制技术领域。
能源综合利用是提高综合能源利用效率、促进可再生能源消纳的重要途径，通过打破原来电、热、冷、气、交通等能流子系统相对割裂的状态，实现多类型能源开放互联，构建多能流系统。多能流是指多种类型的能量流，表示电、热、冷、气、交通等能量流的相互耦合、转换和传输。多能流系统相比传统相互割裂的能源系统，其带来的效益包括：1)通过多类型能源的梯级开发利用和智能管理，可以降低能源消耗和浪费，提高综合能源利用效率，并有助于减少总的用能成本；2)利用不同能源的特性差异和互补、转换，有助于提高消纳间歇式可再生能源的能力；3)通过多能源的转供、互补和协调控制，有助于提高供能的可靠性，并为电网的运行提供更多可调控资源；4)通过多能流系统的协同规划和建设，可以减少基础设施的重复建设和浪费，提高资产利用率。
多能流系统一方面具有可观的效益，另一方面也使原本复杂的能源系统更加复杂。多能流系统由多个能流子系统组成，这些能流子系统之间相互作用和影响，使得多能流系统复杂度显著增加，体现出许多新的特性，传统各个能流单独分析的方法已经难以适应新的要求，亟需发展出新的多能流分析方法。在我国，越来越多的热电联产机组、热泵、电锅炉等耦合元件客观上增强了电-热之间的互联，促进了电-热多能流系统的发展，也对电-热多能流系统的运行和控制技术提出了新的要求。
电-热多能流系统优化调度是指当系统的结构参数和负荷情况都已给定时，调节可利用的控制变量(如电网中发电机的输出功率、热网中泵的扬程等)来找到能满足所有运行约束条件的，并使系统的某一性能指标(如总运行成本或网络损耗)达到最优值下的潮流分布。目前这方面的研究主要基于供热系统稳态模型，而实际供热系统有明显的动态过程，为了使得电-热耦合多能流系统的调度结果更准确，需要考虑供热系统动态过程，研究基于供热 相量模型的电-热多能流系统优化调度方法。
发明内容
本申请的目的是提出一种基于供热相量模型的电-热多能流系统优化调度方法，以弥补现有领域研究的空白，建立基于供热相量模型的电-热多能流系统调度模型，实现考虑供热系统动态特性的电-热多能流系统的优化调度。
本申请提出的基于供热相量模型的电-热多能流系统优化调度方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)将电-热多能流系统中供热系统的负荷功率转换成相量形式，其表达式如下：
其中，上标HL为热负荷标识，
为当供热系统中第i个热负荷的频率为kΩ时的用热功率相量，
为供热系统中第i个热负荷在调度时刻τ
w的负荷功率，Ω为相量的基波频率，K为相量基波频率的阶数，K的取值等于调度时刻数，并满足KΩ＝24小时，Δτ为调度时间间隔；
(2)设定相量形式的电-热多能流系统中供热系统约束条件，包括：
(2-1)相量形式的供热系统热网管道热量损失约束方程如下：
其中，
为供热系统管道编号集合，
为供热系统中第b条管道的频率为kΩ的首端温度相量，
为供热系统中第b条管道的频率为kΩ的末端温度相量，t
am为供热系统环境温度，m
b为第b条管道的流量，L
b为第b条管道的长度，C
w为水的比热容，比热容的取值为4182焦耳/(千克·摄氏度)，λ
b为第b条管道单位长度的传热系数，λ
b从电-热耦合多能流系统的能量管理系统中获取；
(2-2)相量形式的供热系统的多管道汇合点的温度约束方程如下：
其中，上标HS为供热系统中热源的标识，
为供热系统中第i个热源的频率为kΩ的供热功率相量，
为供热系统中第b条管道的频率为kΩ的末端温度相量，C
w为水的比热容，比热容的取值为4182焦耳/(千克·摄氏度)，m
b为第b条管道的流量，
为供热系统中第i个热负荷的频率为kΩ的用热功率相量，
为供热系统中第n个节点的频率为kΩ的温度相量，
为供热系统热源节点编号的集合，
为供热系统热负荷节点编号的集合，
为供热系统中末端节点是第n个节点的管道编号的集合，
为供热系统中首端节点是第n个节点的管道编号的集合；
(2-3)相量形式的供热系统的管道首端温度约束方程如下：
其中，
为供热系统中第b条管道的频率为kΩ的首端温度相量，
为供热系统中第n个节点的频率为kΩ的温度相量，
为供热系统中首端节点是第n个节点的管道编号的集合，
为供热系统节点编号集合；
(2-4)供热系统热源相量傅里叶反变换约束方程如下：
其中，上标HS为供热系统中热源标识，
为供热系统中第i个热源在调度时刻τ
w的供热功率，函数Re(·)表示对复数取实部，
为供热系统中第i个热源的频率为kΩ的供热功率相量，
为供热系统热源编号的集；
(2-5)供热系统节点温度历史数据约束方程如下：
其中，
为供热系统中第n个节点在历史调度时刻τ
w,his的节点温度，函数Re(·)表示对复数取实部，
为供热系统中第n个节点的频率为kΩ的温度相量，
为供热系统节 点编号集合；
(2-6)供热系统节点温度边界约束方程如下：
其中，
t
n为供热系统中第n个节点的温度下限，
为供热系统中第n个节点的温度上限，函数Re(·)表示对复数取实部，
为供热系统中第n个节点的频率为kΩ的温度相量，
为供热系统节点编号集合；
(2-7)供热系统中热电联产机组约束方程如下：
其中，上标ES为电源标识，
为供热系统中第i个热电联产机组调度时刻τ
w的发电功率，
为供热系统中第i个热电联产机组调度时刻τ
w的供热功率，P
κ,i为第i个热电联供机组运行可行域近似多边形的第κ个顶点的横坐标，Q
κ,i为第i个热电联产机组运行可行域近似多边形的第κ个顶点的纵坐标，
为第i个热电联供机组在调度时刻τ
w的第κ个合系数，NK
i为第i个热电联供机组的运行可行域近似多边形的顶点个数，上述构成热电联供机组运行可行域近似多边形从热电联供机组的出厂说明书中获取，
为供热系统中热电联产机组的编号集合；
(3)设定电-热多能流系统中电力系统的约束条件，包括：
(3-1)电力系统直流潮流约束方程如下：
其中，上标ES为电源标识，
为电力系统中第i个发电机组在调度时刻τ
w的发电功率，
为电力系统中第n个节点在调度时刻τ
w的电负荷功率，
为电力系统发电机 组编号的集合，
为电力系统节点编号集合；F
b为电力系统中第b条线路的功率上限，Φ
b,n为电力系统中第n个节点和第b条线路间的转移分布因子，
为电力系统中第n个节点上发电机组的集合，
为电力系统的线路集合；
(3-2)电力系统中发电机组的约束方程如下：
其中，上标
TU为电力系统中除热电联产机组以外的其他发电机组的标识，
p
i为电力系统中第i个发电机组的功率下限，
为电力系统中第i个发电机组的功率上限，
为电力系统中第i个发电机组在调度时刻τ
w的发电功率，
为电力系统中发电机组的编号集合；
(4)建立一个电-热多能流系统优化调度的目标函数如下：
其中，
为供热系统中第i个热电联产机组在调度时刻τ
w的运行成本，
为电力系统第i个发电机组在调度时刻τ
w的运行成本，
为供热系统中热电联产机组的编号集合，
为电力系统中发电机组的编号集合，
和
的具体表达式如下：
其中，a
0,i、a
1,i、a
2,i、a
3,i、a
4,i和a
5,i为第i个热电联产机组/发电机组的成本系数，a
0,i、a
1,i、a
2,i、a
3,i、a
4,i和a
5,i从电-热多能流系统的能量管理系统中获取，
为第i个热电联产机组或发电机组在调度时刻τ
w的发电功率，
为第i个热电联产机组在调度时刻τ
w的供热功率；
(5)采用内点法，求解由步骤(4)目标函数和步骤(2)、步骤(3)的约束条件组成的优化模型，得到电-热多能流系统中发电机组的发电功率、热电联产机组的发电功率和供热功率，作为电-热多能流系统的优化调度参数，实现基于供热相量模型的电-热多能流系统优化调度。
本申请提出的基于供热相量模型的电-热多能流系统优化调度方法，其优点是：
本申请的基于供热相量模型的电-热多能流系统优化调度方法，考虑了电-热系统的相互影响，建立了供热系统相量形式的约束方程，考虑了供热系统的动态特性，实现了电-热多能流系统的优化调度。与已有的电-热多能流系统优化调度传统模型相比，相量模型可以更加准确地描述供热系统的动态特性，从而提高了电-热多能流系统的调度结果的准确性。本申请方法可以应用于电-热多能流系统的调度计划制定，有利于提高电-热多能流系统的用能效率，增加调度计划的准确性，减少运行成本。
本申请提出的基于供热相量模型的电-热多能流系统优化调度方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)将电-热多能流系统中供热系统的负荷功率转换成相量形式，其表达式如下：
其中，上标HL为热负荷标识，
为当供热系统中第i个热负荷的频率为kΩ时的用热功率相量，
为供热系统中第i个热负荷在调度时刻τ
w的负荷功率，Ω为相量的基波频率，K为相量基波频率的阶数，K的取值等于调度时刻数，并满足KΩ＝24小时，调度时刻数根据电-热多能流系统优化调度精度设定，本申请的一个实施例中为24，Δτ为调度时间间隔；
(2)设定相量形式的电-热多能流系统中供热系统约束条件，包括：
(2-1)相量形式的供热系统热网管道热量损失约束方程如下：
其中，
为供热系统管道编号集合，
为供热系统中第b条管道的频率为kΩ的 首端温度相量，
为供热系统中第b条管道的频率为kΩ的末端温度相量，t
am为供热系统环境温度，m
b为第b条管道的流量，L
b为第b条管道的长度，C
w为水的比热容，比热容的取值为4182焦耳/(千克·摄氏度)，λ
b为第b条管道单位长度的传热系数，λ
b从电-热耦合多能流系统的能量管理系统中获取；
(2-2)相量形式的供热系统的多管道汇合点的温度约束方程如下：
其中，上标HS为供热系统中热源的标识，
为供热系统中第i个热源的频率为kΩ的供热功率相量，
为供热系统中第b条管道的频率为kΩ的末端温度相量，C
w为水的比热容，比热容的取值为4182焦耳/(千克·摄氏度)，m
b为第b条管道的流量，
为供热系统中第i个热负荷的频率为kΩ的用热功率相量，
为供热系统中第n个节点的频率为kΩ的温度相量，
为供热系统热源节点编号的集合，
为供热系统热负荷节点编号的集合，
为供热系统中末端节点是第n个节点的管道编号的集合，
为供热系统中首端节点是第n个节点的管道编号的集合；
(2-3)相量形式的供热系统的管道首端温度约束方程如下：
其中，
为供热系统中第b条管道的频率为kΩ的首端温度相量，
为供热系统中第n个节点的频率为kΩ的温度相量，
为供热系统中首端节点是第n个节点的管道编号的集合，
为供热系统节点编号集合；
(2-4)供热系统热源相量傅里叶反变换约束方程如下：
其中，上标HS为供热系统中热源标识，
为供热系统中第i个热源在调度时刻τ
w的供热功率，函数Re(·)表示对复数取实部，
为供热系统中第i个热源的频率为kΩ的供热功率相量，
为供热系统热源编号的集；
(2-5)供热系统节点温度历史数据约束方程如下：
其中，
为供热系统中第n个节点在历史调度时刻τ
w,his的节点温度，函数Re(·)表示对复数取实部，
为供热系统中第n个节点的频率为kΩ的温度相量，
为供热系统节点编号集合；
(2-6)供热系统节点温度边界约束方程如下：
其中，
t
n为供热系统中第n个节点的温度下限，
为供热系统中第n个节点的温度上限，函数Re(·)表示对复数取实部，
为供热系统中第n个节点的频率为kΩ的温度相量，
为供热系统节点编号集合；
(2-7)供热系统中热电联产机组约束方程如下：
其中，上标ES为电源标识，
为供热系统中第i个热电联产机组调度时刻τ
w的发电功率，
为供热系统中第i个热电联产机组调度时刻τ
w的供热功率，P
κ,i为第i个热电联供机组运行可行域近似多边形的第κ个顶点的横坐标，Q
κ,i为第i个热电联产机组运行可行域近似多边形的第κ个顶点的纵坐标，
为第i个热电联供机组在调度时刻τ
w的第κ个合系数，NK
i为第i个热电联供机组的运行可行域近似多边形的顶点个数，上述构成热电联供机组运行可行域近似多边形从热电联供机组的出厂说明书中获取，
为供热系统中热电联产机组的编号集合；
(3)设定电-热多能流系统中电力系统的约束条件，包括：
(3-1)电力系统直流潮流约束方程如下：
其中，上标ES为电源标识，
为电力系统中第i个发电机组在调度时刻τ
w的发电功率，
为电力系统中第n个节点在调度时刻τ
w的电负荷功率，
为电力系统发电机组编号的集合，
为电力系统节点编号集合；F
b为电力系统中第b条线路的功率上限，Φ
b,n为电力系统中第n个节点和第b条线路间的转移分布因子，
为电力系统中第n个节点上发电机组的集合，
为电力系统的线路集合；
(3-2)电力系统中发电机组的约束方程如下：
其中，上标
TU为电力系统中除热电联产机组以外的其他发电机组的标识，
p
i为电力系统中第i个发电机组的功率下限，
为电力系统中第i个发电机组的功率上限，
为电力系统中第i个发电机组在调度时刻τ
w的发电功率，
为电力系统中发电机组的编号集合；
(4)建立一个电-热多能流系统优化调度的目标函数如下：
其中，
为供热系统中第i个热电联产机组在调度时刻τ
w的运行成本，
为电力系统第i个发电机组在调度时刻τ
w的运行成本，
为供热系统中热电联产机组的编号集合，
为电力系统中发电机组的编号集合，
和
的具体表达式如下：
其中，a
0,i、a
1,i、a
2,i、a
3,i、a
4,i和a
5,i为第i个热电联产机组/发电机组的成本系数，a
0,i、a
1,i、a
2,i、a
3,i、a
4,i和a
5,i从电-热多能流系统的能量管理系统中获取，
为第i个热电联产机组或发电机组在调度时刻τ
w的发电功率，
为第i个热电联产机组在调度时刻τ
w 的供热功率；
(5)采用内点法，求解由步骤(4)目标函数和步骤(2)、步骤(3)的约束条件组成的优化模型，得到电-热多能流系统中发电机组的发电功率、热电联产机组的发电功率和供热功率，作为电-热多能流系统的优化调度参数，实现基于供热相量模型的电-热多能流系统优化调度。
本方法步骤(5)中，求解方程使用的内点法(Interior Point Method)，是一种求解线性规划或非线性凸优化问题的方法，也是本技术领域的公知公用技术。
Claims (1)
- 一种基于供热相量模型的电-热多能流系统优化调度方法，其特征在于包括以下步骤：(1)将电-热多能流系统中供热系统的负荷功率转换成相量形式，其表达式如下：
其中，上标HL为热负荷标识，为当供热系统中第i个热负荷的频率为kΩ时的用热功率相量，
为供热系统中第i个热负荷在调度时刻τ w的负荷功率，Ω为相量的基波频率，K为相量基波频率的阶数，K的取值等于调度时刻数，并满足KΩ＝24小时，Δτ为调度时间间隔；
(2)设定相量形式的电-热多能流系统中供热系统约束条件，包括：(2-1)相量形式的供热系统热网管道热量损失约束方程如下：
其中，为供热系统管道编号集合，
为供热系统中第b条管道的频率为kΩ的首端温度相量，
为供热系统中第b条管道的频率为kΩ的末端温度相量，t am为供热系统环境温度，m b为第b条管道的流量，L b为第b条管道的长度，C w为水的比热容，比热容的取值为4182焦耳/(千克·摄氏度)，λ b为第b条管道单位长度的传热系数，λ b从电-热耦合多能流系统的能量管理系统中获取；
(2-2)相量形式的供热系统的多管道汇合点的温度约束方程如下：
其中，上标HS为供热系统中热源的标识，为供热系统中第i个热源的频率为kΩ的供热功率相量，
为供热系统中第b条管道的频率为kΩ的末端温度相量，C w为水的比热容，比热容的取值为4182焦耳/(千克·摄氏度)，m b为第b条管道的流量，
为供热系统中第i个热负荷的频率为kΩ的用热功率相量，
为供热系统中第n个节点的频率为kΩ的温度相量，
为供热系统热源节点编号的集合，
为供热系统热负荷节点编号的集合，
为供热系统中末端节点是第n个节点的管道编号的集合，
为供热系统中首端节点是第n个节点的管道编号的集合；
(2-3)相量形式的供热系统的管道首端温度约束方程如下：
其中，为供热系统中第b条管道的频率为kΩ的首端温度相量，
为供热系统中第n个节点的频率为kΩ的温度相量，
为供热系统中首端节点是第n个节点的管道编号的集合，
为供热系统节点编号集合；
(2-4)供热系统热源相量傅里叶反变换约束方程如下：
其中，上标HS为供热系统中热源标识，为供热系统中第i个热源在调度时刻τ w的供热功率，函数Re(·)表示对复数取实部，
为供热系统中第i个热源的频率为kΩ的供热功率相量，
为供热系统热源编号的集；
(2-5)供热系统节点温度历史数据约束方程如下：
其中，为供热系统中第n个节点在历史调度时刻τ w,his的节点温度，函数Re(·)表示对复数取实部，
为供热系统中第n个节点的频率为kΩ的温度相量，
为供热系统节点编号集合；
(2-6)供热系统节点温度边界约束方程如下：
其中， t n为供热系统中第n个节点的温度下限，为供热系统中第n个节点的温度上限，函数Re(·)表示对复数取实部，
为供热系统中第n个节点的频率为kΩ的温度相量，
为供热系统节点编号集合；
(2-7)供热系统中热电联产机组约束方程如下：
其中，上标ES为电源标识，为供热系统中第i个热电联产机组调度时刻τ w的发电功率，
为供热系统中第i个热电联产机组调度时刻τ w的供热功率，P κ,i为第i个热电联供机组运行可行域近似多边形的第κ个顶点的横坐标，Q κ,i为第i个热电联产机组运行可行域近似多边形的第κ个顶点的纵坐标，
为第i个热电联供机组在调度时刻τ w的第κ个合系数，NK i为第i个热电联供机组的运行可行域近似多边形的顶点个数，上述构成热电联供机组运行可行域近似多边形从热电联供机组的出厂说明书中获取，
为供热系统中热电联产机组的编号集合；
(3)设定电-热多能流系统中电力系统的约束条件，包括：(3-1)电力系统直流潮流约束方程如下：
其中，上标ES为电源标识，为电力系统中第i个发电机组在调度时刻τ w的发电功率，
为电力系统中第n个节点在调度时刻τ w的电负荷功率，
为电力系统发电机组编号的集合，
为电力系统节点编号集合；F b为电力系统中第b条线路的功率上限，Φ b,n为电力系统中第n个节点和第b条线路间的转移分布因子，
为电力系统中第n个节点上发电机组的集合，
为电力系统的线路集合；
(3-2)电力系统中发电机组的约束方程如下：
其中，上标TU为电力系统中除热电联产机组以外的其他发电机组的标识， p i为电力系统中第i个发电机组的功率下限，为电力系统中第i个发电机组的功率上限，
为电力系统中第i个发电机组在调度时刻τ w的发电功率，
为电力系统中发电机组的编号集合；
(4)建立一个电-热多能流系统优化调度的目标函数如下：
其中，为供热系统中第i个热电联产机组在调度时刻τ w的运行成本，
为电力系统第i个发电机组在调度时刻τ w的运行成本，
为供热系统中热电联产机组的编号集合，
为电力系统中发电机组的编号集合，
和
的具体表达式如下：
其中，a 0,i、a 1,i、a 2,i、a 3,i、a 4,i和a 5,i为第i个热电联产机组/发电机组的成本系数，a 0,i、a 1,i、a 2,i、a 3,i、a 4,i和a 5,i从电-热多能流系统的能量管理系统中获取，为第i个热电联产机组或发电机组在调度时刻τ w的发电功率，
为第i个热电联产机组在调度时刻τ w的供热功率；
(5)采用内点法，求解由步骤(4)目标函数和步骤(2)、步骤(3)的约束条件组成的优化模型，得到电-热多能流系统中发电机组的发电功率、热电联产机组的发电功率和供热功率，作为电-热多能流系统的优化调度参数，实现基于供热相量模型的电-热多能流系统优化调度。
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