WO2021157139A1 - 電源装置及びこれを用いた電動車両並びに蓄電装置 - Google Patents

電源装置及びこれを用いた電動車両並びに蓄電装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021157139A1
WO2021157139A1 PCT/JP2020/039438 JP2020039438W WO2021157139A1 WO 2021157139 A1 WO2021157139 A1 WO 2021157139A1 JP 2020039438 W JP2020039438 W JP 2020039438W WO 2021157139 A1 WO2021157139 A1 WO 2021157139A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
power supply
supply device
secondary battery
separator
cell
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
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PCT/JP2020/039438
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
豪 山城
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Sanyo Electric Co Ltd
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Sanyo Electric Co Ltd
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Publication date
Application filed by Sanyo Electric Co Ltd filed Critical Sanyo Electric Co Ltd
Priority to US17/759,441 priority Critical patent/US12489177B2/en
Priority to CN202080094778.7A priority patent/CN115023849A/zh
Priority to EP20917536.3A priority patent/EP4102626A4/en
Priority to JP2021575612A priority patent/JPWO2021157139A1/ja
Publication of WO2021157139A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021157139A1/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/489—Separators, membranes, diaphragms or spacing elements inside the cells, characterised by their physical properties, e.g. swelling degree, hydrophilicity or shut down properties
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H01M10/441—Methods for charging or discharging for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H01M50/148—Lids or covers characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/15—Lids or covers characterised by their shape for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/236—Hardness
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/242—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries against vibrations, collision impact or swelling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/244—Secondary casings; Racks; Suspension devices; Carrying devices; Holders characterised by their mounting method
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/262—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/289—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs
    • H01M50/293—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs characterised by the material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
    • H01M50/411—Organic material
    • H01M50/414—Synthetic resins, e.g. thermoplastics or thermosetting resins
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6554—Rods or plates
    • H01M10/6555—Rods or plates arranged between the cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6561—Gases
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a power supply device, an electric vehicle using the power supply device, and a power storage device.
  • the power supply device is used as a power supply device for driving an electric vehicle, a power supply device for storing electricity, and the like.
  • a plurality of rechargeable secondary battery cells are stacked.
  • the power supply device 900 has secondary battery cells 901 of a square outer can on both end faces of a battery laminate in which insulating spacers 902 are alternately laminated. , Each end plate 903 is arranged, and the end plates 903 are fastened to each other with a metal bind bar 904.
  • the outer can of the secondary battery cell expands and contracts when charging and discharging are repeated.
  • the capacity of each secondary battery cell is increasing, and as a result, the amount of expansion tends to increase.
  • the expansion force of the secondary battery cells increases, and the expansion amount also increases according to the number of secondary battery cells.
  • weight reduction of the power supply device is also required.
  • improvement in fuel efficiency is strongly required, and it is also necessary to reduce the thickness of each member in order to reduce the weight.
  • One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a power supply device having improved followability to deformation such as expansion and contraction of a secondary battery cell, an electric vehicle using the power supply device, and a power storage device.
  • the power supply device includes a plurality of secondary battery cells having a square outer can, a plurality of separators interposed between the plurality of secondary battery cells, and the plurality of secondary batteries.
  • the swelling force of the secondary battery cell can be effectively dispersed, and the swelling force after the dispersion can be dealt with in a wide range, and the swelling caused by the increase in the capacity of the secondary battery cell can be dealt with. It is possible to respond to fluctuations in force.
  • FIG. 5 is a horizontal cross-sectional view taken along the line IV-IV of the power supply device of FIG.
  • FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view taken along the line VV of the power supply device of FIG. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the cell expansion amount and the cell expansion force of the spring constant of a separator and the spring constant of a battery cell.
  • the embodiment of the present invention may be specified by the following configuration.
  • the expansion force of the secondary battery cell is 200 kN or less.
  • the spring constant of the secondary battery cell is 50 kN / mm to 100 kN / mm.
  • the separator is made of an elastic body.
  • the separator is a rubber-like elastic body or a spring-like elastic body.
  • the separator is an elastomer.
  • the separator is made of urethane or silicone.
  • the thickness of the separator is 10 mm or less.
  • the plate thickness of the fastening member is 2.8 mm or less.
  • the power supply device includes an outer can in which each of the plurality of secondary battery cells has an opening, and a sealing plate for closing the opening of the outer can.
  • the hardness of the region of the separator facing the sealing plate side of the secondary battery cell is higher than that of the other regions.
  • the vehicle according to another embodiment of the present invention is a vehicle provided with the above power supply device, which includes the power supply device, a traveling motor to which power is supplied from the power supply device, the power supply device, and the power supply device. It includes a vehicle body equipped with a motor and wheels driven by the motor to drive the vehicle body.
  • the power storage device is a power storage device including the above power supply device, and includes the power supply device and a power supply controller that controls charging / discharging to the power supply device.
  • the power controller enables the secondary battery cell to be charged by electric power from the outside, and controls the secondary battery cell to be charged.
  • each element constituting the present invention may be configured such that a plurality of elements are composed of the same member and the plurality of elements are combined with one member, or conversely, the function of one member is performed by the plurality of members. It can also be shared and realized.
  • the contents described in some examples and embodiments can be used in other embodiments and embodiments.
  • the power supply device is a power source mounted on an electric vehicle such as a hybrid vehicle or an electric vehicle to supply electric power to a traveling motor, a power source for storing electric power generated by natural energy such as solar power generation or wind power generation, or a power source for storing electric power generated by natural energy such as solar power generation and wind power generation. It is used for various purposes such as a power source for storing midnight power, and is particularly suitable as a power source suitable for high power and large current applications.
  • a power source for storing midnight power and is particularly suitable as a power source suitable for high power and large current applications.
  • FIGS. 1 to 5 The power supply device 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, respectively.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a power supply device 100 according to the first embodiment
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the power supply device 100 of FIG. 1
  • FIG. 3 is a plan view of the power supply device 100 of FIG. 1 is a horizontal cross-sectional view of the power supply device 100 of FIG. 1 on the IV-IV line
  • FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the power supply device 100 of FIG. 1 on the V-V line.
  • the power supply device 100 shown in these figures fastens a battery laminate 10 in which a plurality of secondary battery cells 1 are laminated, a pair of end plates 20 covering both end faces of the battery laminate 10, and end plates 20 to each other.
  • a plurality of fastening members 15 and an insulating insulating sheet 30 interposed between each of the plurality of fastening members 15 and the battery laminate 10 are provided. (Battery laminate 10)
  • the battery laminate 10 is connected to a plurality of secondary battery cells 1 having positive and negative electrode terminals 2 and electrode terminals 2 of the plurality of secondary battery cells 1.
  • a bus bar (not shown) for connecting a plurality of secondary battery cells 1 in parallel and in series is provided.
  • a plurality of secondary battery cells 1 are connected in parallel or in series via these bus bars.
  • the secondary battery cell 1 is a rechargeable secondary battery.
  • a plurality of secondary battery cells 1 are connected in parallel to form a parallel battery group, and a plurality of parallel battery groups are connected in series so that a large number of secondary battery cells 1 are connected in parallel and in series. Be connected.
  • a plurality of secondary battery cells 1 are laminated to form a battery laminate 10. Further, a pair of end plates 20 are arranged on both end faces of the battery laminate 10. The ends of the fastening members 15 are fixed to the end plates 20, and the laminated secondary battery cells 1 are fixed in a pressed state. (Secondary battery cell 1)
  • the secondary battery cell 1 is a square battery having a quadrangular outer shape of a main surface having a wide surface and a CD having a constant cell thickness, and is thinner than the width. Further, the secondary battery cell 1 is a secondary battery that can be charged and discharged, and is a lithium ion secondary battery. However, the present invention does not specify the secondary battery cell as a square battery, nor does it specify a lithium ion secondary battery. As the secondary battery cell, all rechargeable batteries, for example, a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery other than the lithium ion secondary battery, a nickel hydrogen secondary battery cell, and the like can also be used.
  • an electrode body in which positive and negative electrode plates are laminated is housed in an outer can 1a, filled with an electrolytic solution, and airtightly sealed.
  • the outer can 1a is formed into a square tubular shape that closes the bottom, and the opening above the outer can 1a is airtightly closed by a metal plate sealing plate 1b.
  • the outer can 1a is manufactured by deep drawing a metal plate such as aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
  • the sealing plate 1b is made of a metal plate such as aluminum or an aluminum alloy, like the outer can 1a.
  • the sealing plate 1b is inserted into the opening of the outer can 1a, irradiates the boundary between the outer periphery of the sealing plate 1b and the inner circumference of the outer can 1a with a laser beam, and the sealing plate 1b is laser welded to the outer can 1a. It is fixed airtightly. (Electrode terminal 2)
  • the secondary battery cell 1 has a sealing plate 1b, which is the top surface, as a terminal surface 1X, and positive and negative electrode terminals 2 are fixed to both ends of the terminal surface 1X.
  • the electrode terminal 2 has a columnar protrusion.
  • the protruding portion does not necessarily have to be cylindrical, and may be polygonal or elliptical.
  • the positions of the positive and negative electrode terminals 2 fixed to the sealing plate 1b of the secondary battery cell 1 are such that the positive electrode and the negative electrode are symmetrical.
  • the secondary battery cells 1 are vertically inverted and stacked, and the electrode terminals 2 of the positive electrode and the negative electrode that are adjacent to each other are connected by a bus bar to form two adjacent batteries.
  • the next battery cells 1 can be connected in series.
  • the present invention does not specify the number of secondary battery cells constituting the battery laminate and the connection state thereof.
  • the number of secondary battery cells constituting the battery laminate and the connection state thereof can be variously changed, including other embodiments described later. (Battery laminate 10)
  • the plurality of secondary battery cells 1 are laminated so that the thickness direction of each secondary battery cell 1 is the stacking direction to form the battery laminate 10.
  • a plurality of secondary battery cells 1 are laminated so that the terminal surface 1X provided with the positive and negative electrode terminals 2 and the sealing plate 1b in FIGS. 1 to 2 are flush with each other.
  • the battery laminate 10 has a separator 16 interposed between the secondary battery cells 1 stacked adjacent to each other.
  • the separator 16 is made of an insulating material such as resin in the form of a thin plate or sheet.
  • the separator 16 has a plate shape having a size substantially equal to that of the facing surface of the secondary battery cell 1.
  • the separators 16 can be laminated between the secondary battery cells 1 adjacent to each other to insulate the adjacent secondary battery cells 1 from each other.
  • a separator having a shape in which a flow path of a cooling gas is formed between the secondary battery cell and the separator can also be used.
  • the surface of the secondary battery cell can be coated with an insulating material.
  • the surface of the outer excluding the electrode portion of the secondary battery cell may be heat-welded with a shrink tube made of PET resin or the like.
  • end plates 20 are arranged on both end surfaces of the battery laminate 10.
  • An end face separator 17 may be interposed between the end plate 20 and the battery laminate 10 to insulate them.
  • the end face separator 17 can also be manufactured in the form of a thin plate or sheet with an insulating material such as resin.
  • the electrode terminals 2 of the plurality of secondary battery cells 1 adjacent to each other are connected to each other by a bus bar.
  • a plurality of secondary battery cells 1 are connected in parallel and in series.
  • the bus bar holder may be arranged between the battery laminate 10 and the bus bar.
  • the bus bar is manufactured into a predetermined shape by cutting and processing a metal plate.
  • a metal plate constituting the bus bar a metal having low electric resistance and light weight, for example, an aluminum plate or a copper plate, or an alloy thereof can be used.
  • other metals with low electrical resistance and light weight and alloys thereof can also be used.
  • the end plates 20 are arranged at both ends of the battery laminate 10 and are fastened via a pair of left and right fastening members 15 arranged along both side surfaces of the battery laminate 10. Will be done.
  • the end plates 20 are both ends of the secondary battery cell 1 of the battery laminate 10 in the stacking direction, and are arranged outside the end face separator 17 to sandwich the battery laminate 10 from both ends. (Fastening member 15)
  • each fastening member 15 is made of metal having a predetermined width and a predetermined thickness along the side surface of the battery laminate 10, and is arranged so as to face both side surfaces of the battery laminate 10. There is.
  • a metal plate such as iron, preferably a steel plate, can be used for the fastening member 15.
  • the fastening member 15 made of a metal plate is bent by press molding or the like to form a predetermined shape.
  • the fastening member 15 is formed by bending the upper and lower sides of the plate-shaped fastening main surface 15a in a U-shape to form a bent piece 15d.
  • the upper and lower bent pieces 15d cover the upper and lower surfaces of the battery laminate 10 from the corners on the left and right side surfaces of the battery laminate 10.
  • the fastening member 15 is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the end plate 20 by screwing bolts 15f into a plurality of screw holes opened in the fastening main surface 15a.
  • the fixing of the fastening main surface 15a and the end plate 20 is not necessarily limited to screwing using bolts, and may be a pin, a rivet, or the like.
  • a plurality of power supply devices 100 in which a large number of secondary battery cells 1 are laminated are formed by connecting end plates 20 arranged at both ends of a battery laminate 10 composed of the plurality of secondary battery cells 1 with fastening members 15. It is configured to restrain the secondary battery cell 1 of the above. By restraining the plurality of secondary battery cells 1 via the end plate 20 and the fastening member 15 having high rigidity, the secondary battery cells 1 malfunction due to expansion, deformation, relative movement, and vibration due to charge / discharge and deterioration. Etc. can be suppressed. (Insulation sheet 30)
  • an insulating sheet 30 is interposed between the fastening member 15 and the battery laminate 10.
  • the insulating sheet 30 is made of an insulating material such as resin, and insulates between the metal fastening member 15 and the battery cell.
  • the insulating sheet 30 shown in FIG. 2 and the like is composed of a flat plate 31 that covers the side surface of the battery laminate 10 and bent covering portions 32 provided above and below the flat plate 31.
  • the bent covering portion 32 is bent in a U shape from the flat plate 31 so as to cover the bent piece 15d of the fastening member 15, and then further folded back.
  • the bent piece 15d can be covered with an insulating bent covering portion from the upper surface to the side surface and the lower surface, thereby avoiding unintended conduction between the secondary battery cell 1 and the fastening member 15.
  • each secondary battery cell 1 presses the upper surface and the lower surface of the secondary battery cell 1 of the battery laminate 10 via the bent covering portion.
  • each secondary battery cell 1 is pressed from the vertical direction by the bent piece 15d and held in the height direction, and even if vibration, impact, or the like is applied to the battery laminate 10, each secondary battery cell 1 is pressed. It can be maintained so that it does not shift in the vertical direction.
  • the insulating sheet 30 may also have the bent covering portion 32 formed only on the upper end side when it is not necessary to consider the insulation of the fastening member 15 with the bent piece 15d on the lower surface side of the battery laminate 10.
  • the insulating sheet 30 may be configured to also serve as a bus bar holder for holding the bus bar described above. (Cell expansion force distribution function)
  • the separator has a cell swelling force dispersion function that disperses the swelling force generated when the secondary battery cell expands. Due to the recent demand for higher output of power sources, the amount of expansion of secondary battery cells has increased. In other words, the cell expansion force that each secondary battery cell tries to expand tends to increase. The amount of expansion of the entire battery laminate in which a large number of such secondary battery cells are laminated also tends to increase in proportion to this. On the other hand, in the configuration in which the battery laminate is fastened with the fastening member, the secondary battery cell can be used even when the secondary battery cell is expanded or when the secondary battery cell contracts from the expanded state and returns to the original thickness. It must be maintained in a laminated and fastened state.
  • each member and the fatigue strength of the spot welded portion are also required so as not to cause breakage or breakage due to expansion or contraction of the secondary battery cell. As described above, it is becoming difficult to cope with the increase in output and capacity of the secondary battery cell.
  • the inventor of the present application came up with the idea of providing the separator with a function of dispersing the swelling force of the cell, and came up with the invention of the present application. Specifically, by suppressing the spring constant of this elastic body to 500 kN / mm or less while forming the separator with an elastic body, it is possible to realize a separator capable of dispersing the swelling force without depending on the cell swelling force. I got the knowledge.
  • the inventor of the present application derived the load after the cell expansion force was dispersed from the rigidity of the structural member, the secondary battery cell, and the separator.
  • the swelling force assumed when the secondary battery cell is pressed by a rigid body is up to 200 kN.
  • the spring constant of the secondary battery cell (referred to as “cell spring constant”) is considered in the range of 50 to 100 kN.
  • the relationship between the cell expansion amount and the cell expansion force when a separator having a spring constant K S and a secondary battery cell having a cell spring constant K C is used under this condition is shown in the graph of FIG. In this figure, the intersection where the cell spring constant K C of the secondary battery cell and the spring constant K S of the separator (referred to as “separator spring constant”) K S is the cell expansion force F, and the number 1 of the following equation 1 Is required from.
  • the separator spring constant K S below this line is very effective. Further, from FIGS. 9 and 10, the dispersion rate is almost the same regardless of the cell swelling force of 100 kN, 150 kN, or 200 kN, and it is estimated that the result is the same for other cell swelling rates, and the cell reaction force is dispersed. It was confirmed that the rate did not depend on the cell swelling force when the rigid body was restrained. Further, it separator spring constant K S is low, be lower became apparent from FIGS. 9-10 dispersion rate. Thus, for any secondary battery cell, the separator spring constant K S of the separator can contribute to cell swelling force dispersion, it can be said that preferably not more than 500 kN / mm. [Separator swelling force dispersion spring constant]
  • the thickness of the bind bar and end plate and the spring constant of the separator will be examined.
  • the relationship between the load capacity and the plate thickness of the bind bar is shown in the graph of FIG.
  • the material of the bind bar is SPFC980Y
  • the height dimension is 80 mm
  • the proof stress is assumed to be 490 MPa. From this figure, it can be seen that when the plate thickness of the bind bar is 1 mm, the load capacity is about 78 kN.
  • the relationship between the load capacity and the thickness of the end plate is shown in the graph of FIG.
  • the material of the end plate is A6061-T6, the height dimension is 80 mm, the width dimension is 150 mm, and the proof stress is assumed to be 275 MPa. From this figure, it can be seen that when the plate thickness of the end plate is 20 mm, the load capacity is about 78 kN.
  • the bind bar when the bind bar is 1 mm and the end plate is 20 mm, a load capacity of 78 kN can be achieved as it is. From this, as a necessary reduced reaction force, for example, assuming that the expansion force of the secondary battery cell is 100 kN, the bind bar is 1 mm and the end plate is 20 mm, and the load capacity is 78 kN. Therefore, the spring property of the separator can be reduced by 22 kN. It's enough. If the cell swelling force is assumed to be 150 kN, it is sufficient to reduce it to 72 kN, and if the cell swelling force is assumed to be 200 kN, it is sufficient to reduce it to 122 kN. From here, the spring constant required for the separator is calculated.
  • the relationship of the cell swelling force with respect to the separator spring constant when the cell swelling force of the secondary battery cell is 100 kN, 150 kN, or 200 kN is shown in the graph of FIG.
  • the load capacity of 78 kN can be achieved with the bind bar of 1 mm and the end plate of 20 mm, the cell expansion force can be supported if the vertical axis of the graph of FIG. 13 is below 78 kN.
  • the spring constant required for the separator can be achieved at 200 kN / mm or less when the cell expansion force is 100 kN.
  • the separator spring constant is 50 kN / mm or less, and when the cell swelling force is 200 kN, the separator spring constant is 33 kN / mm or less.
  • the separator that realizes such a spring constant is preferably a rubber-like elastic body or a spring-like elastic body.
  • the thickness of the separator is preferably 10 mm or less. As a result, the amount that can be compressed can be increased to cope with the increase in the amount of cell swelling. More preferably, the thickness of the separator is 4 mm to 6 mm.
  • Elastomer can be used as the material of the separator that realizes such a spring constant. This makes it easy to adjust the spring constant while exhibiting heat insulation and heat resistance.
  • urethane foam, elastomer and the like can be preferably used.
  • urethane is preferable because its strength can be easily adjusted. It may also be made of silicone.
  • the spring constant of the separator As described above, by setting the spring constant of the separator to 500 kN / mm or less, it is possible to effectively disperse the swelling force of the secondary battery cell and to deal with the swelling force after dispersion in a wide range. It is possible to realize a power supply device that can cope with fluctuations in the expansion force caused by increasing the capacity of the secondary battery cell. Further, the expansion force dispersion corresponding to the plate thickness of the separator, that is, the strength can be obtained.
  • the circulation of the electrolytic solution in which the electrolytic solution spreads throughout the electrode is improved, which leads to improvement of cell performance and prevention of deterioration. That is, if the electrolytic solution is not uniformly distributed over the entire electrode, the movement of ions will not be uniform, leading to Li precipitation and an increase in resistance. In particular, when the cell swelling is suppressed by a hard separator, the electrolytic solution does not spread well over the entire electrode and becomes non-uniform, which is disadvantageous from the viewpoint of cell performance.
  • the secondary battery cell by restraining the secondary battery cell with the flexible and soft separator according to the present embodiment, it is possible to avoid a situation in which the electrolytic solution is hindered from being distributed throughout, and the cell performance is improved and deteriorated. Can be prevented. Further, since the expansion of the secondary battery cell is absorbed by the separator, it is possible to prevent stress concentration on the fastening member between the cells. Furthermore, since the swelling force is reduced, the amount of deformation of the end plate is reduced, and it is possible to prevent stress concentration at the fixed point of the battery laminate.
  • the expansion force of the secondary battery cell and the required weight (cross-sectional area) of the structural member are in a proportional relationship, making it possible to handle the cell expansion force of 200 kN or less greatly contributes to the improvement of the weight energy density. be able to.
  • the rigidity and spring constant of the separator may be made uniform over the entire surface of the main surface in contact with the secondary battery cell, or may be partially changed.
  • Such an example is shown in the schematic enlarged cross-sectional view of FIG. 14 as the power supply device 200 according to the second embodiment.
  • the power supply device 200 shown in this figure is the same as that of the first embodiment except for the separator 16B, and the same members are designated by the same reference numerals and detailed description thereof will be omitted.
  • the secondary battery cell 1 generally includes an outer can 1a having one side opened and a sealing plate 1b closing the opening of the outer can 1a, as shown in the schematic cross-sectional view of FIG.
  • the open end of the outer can 1a is welded by a laser beam or the like.
  • an electrode body 1c in which a positive electrode and a negative electrode are wound around a microporous film is provided inside the outer can 1a.
  • the outer can 1a expands as shown by the broken line in FIG.
  • the open end of the outer can 1a is deformed so as to be expanded, and the welded portion between the open end of the outer can 1a and the sealing plate 1b shown by the alternate long and short dash line in the figure is broken.
  • the rigidity of the separator 16B is not made uniform, and as described above, the hardness of one of the secondary battery cells 1, specifically, the sealing plate 1b side is set higher than that of the other end side. It is made uneven so as to increase it.
  • the separator spring constant is suppressed on the sealing plate 1b side.
  • the high hardness region 16b is provided on the upper end side of the separator 16B, that is, on the sealing plate 1b side.
  • the high hardness region 16b has a higher hardness than the other regions 16c.
  • the spring constant of the high-strength region 16b is more than 7 times higher than the spring constant of the other regions 16c per unit area.
  • the high hardness region 16b and the other region 16c may be integrally formed or may be separate members. Further, the boundary between the high hardness region 16b and the other region 16c may be clarified, and in particular, in the case of integral molding, the hardness may be gradually reduced so as to gradually change.
  • the width of the high hardness region 16b is, for example, about 5% to 15% of the total length of the separator 16B from the upper end of the separator 16B. Further, as shown in FIG. 14, it may be provided corresponding to the region where the electrode body 1c exists inside the outer can 1a of the secondary electric cell 1. That is, by providing the high hardness region 16b at a position corresponding to the upper end of the electrode body 1c, it is possible to easily exert stress against the expansion of the electrode body 1c.
  • the above power supply device can be used as a power source for a vehicle that supplies electric power to a motor that runs an electric vehicle.
  • an electric vehicle equipped with a power supply device an electric vehicle such as a hybrid vehicle or a plug-in hybrid vehicle that runs on both an engine and a motor, or an electric vehicle that runs only on a motor can be used, and is used as a power source for these vehicles.
  • NS an electric vehicle
  • a large-capacity, high-output power supply device is described as an example in which a large number of the above-mentioned power supply devices are connected in series or in parallel and a necessary control circuit is added. .. (Power supply for hybrid vehicles)
  • FIG. 16 shows an example in which the power supply device 100 is mounted on a hybrid vehicle traveling by both an engine and a motor.
  • the vehicle HV equipped with the power supply device 100 shown in this figure is driven by a vehicle main body 91, an engine 96 for running the vehicle main body 91, a running motor 93, and these engines 96 and a running motor 93. It includes wheels 97, a power supply device 100 that supplies electric power to the motor 93, and a generator 94 that charges the batteries of the power supply device 100.
  • the power supply device 100 is connected to the motor 93 and the generator 94 via the DC / AC inverter 95.
  • the vehicle HV runs on both the motor 93 and the engine 96 while charging and discharging the battery of the power supply device 100.
  • the motor 93 is driven to drive the vehicle in a region where the engine efficiency is low, for example, when accelerating or traveling at a low speed.
  • the motor 93 is driven by being supplied with electric power from the power supply device 100.
  • the generator 94 is driven by the engine 96 or by regenerative braking when braking the vehicle to charge the battery of the power supply device 100.
  • the vehicle HV may be provided with a charging plug 98 for charging the power supply device 100. By connecting the charging plug 98 to an external power source, the power supply device 100 can be charged. (Power supply for electric vehicles)
  • FIG. 17 shows an example in which the power supply device 100 is mounted on an electric vehicle traveling only by a motor.
  • the vehicle EV equipped with the power supply device 100 shown in this figure supplies electric power to the vehicle main body 91, the traveling motor 93 for running the vehicle main body 91, the wheels 97 driven by the motor 93, and the motor 93. It includes a power supply device 100 to be supplied and a generator 94 for charging the battery of the power supply device 100.
  • the power supply device 100 is connected to the motor 93 and the generator 94 via the DC / AC inverter 95.
  • the motor 93 is driven by being supplied with electric power from the power supply device 100.
  • the generator 94 is driven by the energy used for regenerative braking of the vehicle EV to charge the battery of the power supply device 100.
  • the vehicle EV is provided with a charging plug 98, and the charging plug 98 can be connected to an external power source to charge the power supply device 100. (Power supply device for power storage device)
  • the present invention does not specify the use of the power supply device as the power supply of the motor that runs the vehicle.
  • the power supply device according to the embodiment can also be used as a power source for a power storage device that charges and stores a battery with electric power generated by solar power generation, wind power generation, or the like.
  • FIG. 18 shows a power storage device in which the battery of the power supply device 100 is charged by the solar cell 82 to store electricity.
  • the power storage device shown in FIG. 18 charges the battery of the power supply device 100 with the electric power generated by the solar cell 82 arranged on the roof or roof of a building 81 such as a house or a factory.
  • This power storage device uses the solar cell 82 as a power source for charging, charges the battery of the power supply device 100 with the charging circuit 83, and then supplies power to the load 86 via the DC / AC inverter 85. Therefore, this power storage device has a charge mode and a discharge mode.
  • the DC / AC inverter 85 and the charging circuit 83 are connected to the power supply device 100 via the discharge switch 87 and the charging switch 84, respectively.
  • the ON / OFF of the discharge switch 87 and the charge switch 84 is switched by the power controller 88 of the power storage device.
  • the power controller 88 switches the charging switch 84 to ON and the discharge switch 87 to OFF to allow the charging circuit 83 to charge the power supply device 100.
  • the power controller 88 turns off the charging switch 84 and turns on the discharge switch 87 to switch to the discharge mode, and the power supply device 100 Allows discharge from to load 86.
  • the charge switch 84 can be turned on and the discharge switch 87 can be turned on to supply power to the load 86 and charge the power supply device 100 at the same time.
  • the power supply device can also be used as a power source for a power storage device that charges and stores batteries using midnight power at night.
  • a power supply unit charged with midnight power can be charged with midnight power, which is surplus power of a power plant, and output power in the daytime when the power load is large, so that the peak power in the daytime can be limited to a small value.
  • the power supply can also be used as a power source for charging with both solar cell output and midnight power. This power supply device can effectively utilize both the power generated by the solar cell and the midnight power, and can efficiently store electricity while considering the weather and power consumption.
  • the above-mentioned power storage system includes a backup power supply device that can be mounted in a computer server rack, a backup power supply device for a wireless base station such as a mobile phone, a power storage power supply for home or factory use, a power supply for street lights, and the like. It can be suitably used for power storage devices combined with solar cells, backup power sources for traffic lights and road traffic indicators, and the like.
  • the power supply device according to the present invention and a vehicle provided with the power supply device are suitably used as a power source for a large current used for a power source of a motor for driving an electric vehicle such as a hybrid vehicle, a fuel cell vehicle, an electric vehicle, or an electric motorcycle.
  • a power supply device for a plug-in type hybrid electric vehicle, a hybrid electric vehicle, an electric vehicle, or the like that can switch between an EV driving mode and a HEV driving mode can be mentioned.
  • a backup power supply that can be mounted in a computer server rack, a backup power supply for wireless base stations such as mobile phones, a power storage device for home use and factories, a power supply for street lights, etc. , Can also be used as appropriate for backup power supplies such as traffic lights.
  • Power controller 91 ... Vehicle body 93 ... Motor 94 ... Generator 95 ... DC / AC inverter 96 ... Engine 97 ... Wheel 98 ... Charging plug 900 ... Power supply device 901 ... Secondary battery cell 902 ... Spacer 903 ... End plate 904 ... Bind bar HV, EV ... Vehicle

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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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PCT/JP2020/039438 2020-02-03 2020-10-20 電源装置及びこれを用いた電動車両並びに蓄電装置 Ceased WO2021157139A1 (ja)

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US17/759,441 US12489177B2 (en) 2020-02-03 2020-10-20 Power supply device, electric vehicle using same, and power storage device
CN202080094778.7A CN115023849A (zh) 2020-02-03 2020-10-20 电源装置和使用该电源装置的电动车辆以及蓄电装置
EP20917536.3A EP4102626A4 (en) 2020-02-03 2020-10-20 Power supply device, electric vehicle using same, and power storage device
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