WO2021147715A1 - 电加热元件和气溶胶生成装置及制备方法和控制加热方法 - Google Patents

电加热元件和气溶胶生成装置及制备方法和控制加热方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021147715A1
WO2021147715A1 PCT/CN2021/071369 CN2021071369W WO2021147715A1 WO 2021147715 A1 WO2021147715 A1 WO 2021147715A1 CN 2021071369 W CN2021071369 W CN 2021071369W WO 2021147715 A1 WO2021147715 A1 WO 2021147715A1
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Prior art keywords
heating element
electric heating
main body
temperature
aerosol
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PCT/CN2021/071369
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English (en)
French (fr)
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陈斌
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深圳御烟实业有限公司
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Publication of WO2021147715A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021147715A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
    • A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
    • A24F40/20—Devices using solid inhalable precursors
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
    • A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
    • A24F40/40—Constructional details, e.g. connection of cartridges and battery parts
    • A24F40/46—Shape or structure of electric heating means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
    • A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
    • A24F40/50—Control or monitoring
    • A24F40/57—Temperature control

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electric heating element, an aerosol generating device, a preparation method and a control heating method.
  • the electric heating element used in the low-temperature heating and non-combustion smoking set in the prior art is designed with a conductive track to make the resistance larger, and the current can be reduced during the energized heating process to save electricity, but this kind of conductive track is prone to local overheating , Especially during the initial heating, causing uneven heating of the smoke body and poor taste.
  • the electric heating element for heating an aerosol-generating product.
  • the electric heating element includes a main body provided with at least one conductive path for generating heat supplied by a power source, and the surface of the main body is covered with a resistive material The resistance layer.
  • the resistance layer is at least provided on the area where the main body is in contact with the aerosol generating product.
  • the resistance layer has a layer structure continuously extending along the outer circumference of the main body.
  • the resistance layer has a characteristic of temperature coefficient of resistance that enables the resistance layer to be used as a temperature sensor of an electric heating element.
  • the resistance layer senses the temperature of the electric heating element based on the resistance temperature coefficient feature, and the power supply supplies power to at least one of the electric heating elements according to the temperature sensed by the resistance layer and the desired temperature.
  • the resistance material includes one or more of ceramic-doped semiconductors, conductive ceramics, carbon, graphite, graphene, metals, metal alloys, and composite materials of doped ceramics and metals.
  • At least one of the conductive paths is formed on the surface of the main body, and at least the surface of the conductive path is covered with an insulating and thermally conductive layer made of insulating and thermally conductive material, and the resistive layer is also covered on the surface of the main body.
  • the surface of the insulating and thermally conductive layer is formed on the surface of the main body, and at least the surface of the conductive path is covered with an insulating and thermally conductive layer made of insulating and thermally conductive material, and the resistive layer is also covered on the surface of the main body.
  • At least one of the conductive paths is formed in the main body, and the main body is made of an insulating and thermally conductive material.
  • each of the conductive paths is at least one of a line, a wire, a trace, and a print in a pattern formed on the main body by a conductive material.
  • the conductive material includes one or more of silver, platinum, copper, nickel, and palladium.
  • the insulating and thermally conductive material includes one or more of glass, ceramic, anodized metal, and polyimide.
  • the surface of the resistance layer is further covered with a passivation layer.
  • the passivation layer is made of one or more materials among gold, nickel and glass.
  • the present invention also provides an aerosol generating device, including:
  • the power supply is used to supply power to at least one energized circuit on at least one electric heating element.
  • the present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned electric heating element, including: forming a main body, forming at least one conductive path on the main body that generates heat by power supply, and forming a resistive layer containing a resistive material on the surface of the main body.
  • the present invention also provides a method for controlling heating of an aerosol-generating product by an aerosol generating device.
  • the aerosol generating device includes a power source and at least one electric heating element.
  • the electric heating element includes a main body, and the main body is provided with a At least one conductive path for generating heat from the power supply, and the surface of the main body is covered with a resistance layer containing a resistance material. ;
  • the method for controlling heating of an aerosol-generating product by the aerosol generating device includes:
  • the aerosol-generating product contains multiple volatile compounds, and the preset temperature satisfies at least one of the following two conditions: the preset temperature ⁇ the volatile compounds in the aerosol-generating product At least one of the minimum release temperature, the preset temperature ⁇ the temperature at which the aerosol-generating product is heated to produce aerosol but does not cause combustion.
  • the electric heating element of the embodiment of the present invention is designed with a resistance layer outside the main body, and the resistance layer can be used to fully cover the contact with the aerosol-generating product and has the properties of fast thermal conduction, so that the electric heating element can quickly and uniformly heat the aerosol-generating product and improve the taste Effect.
  • Fig. 1 is an external schematic diagram of an electric heating element provided by an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an electric heating element provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the "aerosol generating device" described in the embodiment of the present invention refers to a device used to provide heat or electrical energy for aerosol generating products, such as smoking articles.
  • the aerosol generating device can directly provide thermal energy to heat the aerosol generating product, or preferably provide electrical energy for the aerosol generating product, and the aerosol generating product converts the electrical energy into thermal energy to heat the smoke material.
  • aerosol-generating product refers to a product that contains smoke material and can generate aerosol by heating, such as smoke or mist, such as aerosol-generating product, cartridge or cigarette, preferably for one-time use Products.
  • the aerosol-generating product itself cannot provide electrical energy.
  • the "smoke material” described in the embodiments of the present invention refers to a smoking material, which is a material that can produce odor and/or nicotine and/or smoke when heated or burned, that is, a material that can be atomized, that is, an aerosol generating material.
  • the smoke material can be solid, semi-solid and liquid. Because of the consideration of air permeability, assembly and production, solid tobacco materials are often processed into flakes, so they are also commonly referred to as flakes, and silk flakes are also called flakes.
  • the tobacco material discussed in the embodiments of the present invention may be natural or synthetic smoke liquid, smoke oil, smoke glue, tobacco paste, cut tobacco, tobacco leaves, etc., for example, synthetic smoke material contains glycerin, propylene glycol, and nicotine.
  • the e-liquid is liquid
  • the e-liquid is in the form of oil
  • the e-liquid is in the form of a gel
  • the ointment is in the form of a paste
  • the cut tobacco includes natural or artificial cut tobacco
  • the tobacco leaves Including natural or artificial or extracted and processed tobacco leaves.
  • the smoke material can be heated in the form of being sealed by other substances, such as stored in a package that can be degraded by heat, such as microcapsules. After heating, the required volatile substances are derived from the degraded or porous sealed package.
  • the smoke material described in the embodiment of the present invention may or may not contain nicotine.
  • the tobacco material containing nicotine may include natural tobacco leaf products, at least one of smoke liquid, smoke oil, smoke glue, smoke paste, tobacco shreds, tobacco leaves, etc. made from nicotine as a raw material.
  • the smoke liquid is water-like
  • the smoke oil is oil-like
  • the smoke glue is gel-like
  • the smoke cream is paste-like
  • tobacco shreds include natural or artificial or extracted and processed tobacco
  • tobacco leaves include natural or artificial or extracted and processed tobacco tobacco leaf.
  • the tobacco material that does not contain nicotine mainly contains aroma substances, such as spices, which can be atomized to simulate the smoking process and to quit smoking.
  • the fragrance includes peppermint oil.
  • the smoking material may also include other additives, such as glycerin and/or propylene glycol.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides an aerosol generating device, which includes at least one electric heating element for heating aerosol generating products to generate aerosol.
  • the electric heating element includes a main body 1 on which a power supply is provided. At least one conductive path 2 for power supply and heat generation, the surface of the main body 1 is covered with a resistance layer 4 containing a resistance material.
  • the aerosol generating device also includes a power source for supplying power to at least one conductive path 2 on at least one electric heating element.
  • the main body 1 is rigid, and the main body 1 may be a sheet-like or rod-shaped main body 1 inserted into the aerosol generating product.
  • the resistance layer 4 is covered on the outer wall surface of the main body 1.
  • the main body 1 may also be a tubular main body 1 covering the outer circumference of the aerosol generating product, and the resistance layer 4 is covered on the inner wall surface of the main body 1 in this case.
  • At least one conductive path 2 is formed on the surface of the main body 1, where the surface of the main body 1 refers to the surface used to heat the aerosol generating product, which may be an inner surface or an outer surface.
  • the conductive path 2 is formed on the surface of the main body 1, at least the surface of the conductive path 2 is also covered with an insulating and thermally conductive layer 3 made of insulating and thermally conductive material, and the resistive layer 4 is also covered on the surface of the insulating and thermally conductive layer 3.
  • the purpose of the insulating and heat-conducting layer 3 is to avoid a short circuit between the resistance layer 4 and the conductive path 2.
  • the insulating and heat-conducting material includes one or more of paper, glass, ceramic, anodized metal, and polyimide.
  • the insulating and heat-conducting layer 3 can only cover the area of the conductive path 2, or it can be completely cover the surface of the main body 1.
  • the conductive path 2 is located between the surface of the main body 1 and the insulating and heat-conducting layer 3, and the resistive layer 4 is covered on the insulating and heat-conducting layer.
  • the main body 1 is rigid, and the main body 1 is made of one or more of glass, ceramic, anodized metal, coated metal, and polyimide.
  • the ceramic may include mica, aluminum oxide (Al2O3), or zirconium oxide (ZrO2).
  • At least one conductive path 2 is formed in the main body 1, that is to say, the conductive path 2 is built into the structure of the main body 1.
  • the main body 1 is made of insulating and heat-conducting material.
  • the insulating and heat-conducting material includes glass, One or more of ceramics, anodized metals, coated metals, and polyimides.
  • the ceramic may include mica, aluminum oxide (Al2O3), or zirconium oxide (ZrO2).
  • each conductive path 2 is a pattern formed on the main body 1 by a conductive material, and it can be a circuit of any pattern, which is not limited here.
  • the conductive path 2 may be a wire, silk, print, trace, etc. made of conductive material.
  • Conductive materials include, but are not limited to: semiconductors such as doped ceramics, "conductive" ceramics (for example, molybdenum disilicide), carbon, graphite, metals, metal alloys, and composite materials made of ceramic materials and metal materials.
  • the composite material may include doped or undoped ceramics. Examples of suitable doped ceramics include doped silicon carbide. Examples of suitable metals include titanium, zirconium, tantalum, and platinum group metals.
  • suitable metal alloys include stainless steel, alloys containing nickel, cobalt, chromium, aluminum, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, niobium, molybdenum, tantalum, tungsten, tin, gallium, manganese and iron, and alloys based on nickel, iron, cobalt, Stainless steel, and super heat-resistant alloy of iron-manganese-aluminum base alloy.
  • the conductive material preferably includes one or more of silver, platinum, copper, nickel, and palladium.
  • the resistance layer 4 is at least covered on the area where the main body 1 contacts the aerosol generating product.
  • the main body 1 is inserted into the part of the aerosol generating product, and the outer periphery of this part is covered with the resistance layer 4, or the main body 1 is covered with the part of the aerosol generating product, and the inner wall of this part is covered with Resistance layer 4.
  • the resistance layer 4 preferably adopts a continuous layer structure, that is, the resistance layer 4 is a layer structure continuously extending along the outer circumference of the main body 1, that is, a continuous surface is formed, that is, the resistance layer 4 is along the starting position of the main body 1. Continuously extend the circle and return to the layer structure formed by the starting position.
  • the resistance layer 4 may also include a plurality of units arranged in an arrangement, and each unit can be used as a temperature sensor alone.
  • the resistance material includes, but is not limited to: semiconductors such as doped ceramics, "conductive" ceramics (for example, molybdenum disilicide), carbon, graphite, metals, metal alloys, and composite materials made of ceramic materials and metal materials.
  • semiconductors such as doped ceramics, "conductive" ceramics (for example, molybdenum disilicide), carbon, graphite, metals, metal alloys, and composite materials made of ceramic materials and metal materials.
  • the composite material may include doped or undoped ceramics. Examples of suitable doped ceramics include doped silicon carbide. Examples of suitable metals include titanium, zirconium, tantalum, and platinum group metals.
  • suitable metal alloys include stainless steel, alloys containing nickel, cobalt, chromium, aluminum, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, niobium, molybdenum, tantalum, tungsten, tin, gallium, manganese and iron, and alloys based on nickel, iron, cobalt, Stainless steel, and super heat-resistant alloy of iron-manganese-aluminum base alloy.
  • the resistance material preferably includes one or more of ceramic-doped semiconductors, conductive ceramics, carbon, graphite, graphene, metals, metal alloys, and composite materials of doped ceramics and metals.
  • the resistance material more preferably includes one or more of silver, platinum, copper, nickel, and palladium.
  • the surface of the resistance layer 4 is also covered with a passivation layer 5 to avoid oxidation and corrosion of the resistance layer 4.
  • the passivation layer 5 is made of one or more materials among gold, nickel and glass.
  • the resistance layer 4 has the characteristics of the resistance temperature coefficient that makes the resistance layer 4 function as a temperature sensor of an electric heating element.
  • the resistance layer 4 senses the temperature of the electric heating element based on the resistance temperature coefficient feature, and the power supply supplies power to the at least one conductive path 2 according to the temperature sensed by the resistance layer 4 and the desired temperature.
  • the aerosol generating device further includes a control circuit arranged for this purpose for adjusting the power supplied by the control power source to the at least one conductive path 2 according to the comparison between the sensed temperature of the resistance layer 4 and the desired temperature.
  • each unit can be used as a temperature sensor alone.
  • the above-mentioned preparation method of the electric heating element includes: forming the main body 1, and forming at least one conductive path 2 on the surface of the main body 1 by pasting, electroplating, printing, coating, printing, vapor deposition, etc., or forming the conductive path 2 It is embedded in the main body 1, and a resistive layer 4 is formed on the surface of the main body 1 through a conductive path 2 through electroplating, printing, coating, printing, evaporation and the like.
  • the method for controlling the heating of the aerosol-generating product by the aerosol generating device includes: measuring the resistivity of the resistive layer 4; deriving the actual temperature of the electric heating element from the measured resistivity; and comparing the actual temperature with a preset temperature. Compare; adjust the power supplied by the power supply to at least one conductive path 2 so that the actual temperature is below the preset temperature.
  • the aerosol-generating product contains multiple volatile compounds, and the preset temperature satisfies at least one of the following two conditions: the preset temperature ⁇ at least one of the volatile compounds in the aerosol-generating product The lowest release temperature, the preset temperature ⁇ the temperature at which the aerosol generated by heating the aerosol-generating product does not cause combustion.
  • the preset temperature can be stored in the controller in advance.
  • the preset temperature may also be an acceptable range, such as a range minus 5% of the preset temperature.
  • Resistance R V/I; where V is the voltage across the resistance layer 4, and I is the current passing through the resistance layer 4.
  • L and S are fixed and can be measured.
  • R is proportional to ⁇ (T).
  • ⁇ (T) Po ⁇ (1+ ⁇ 1T+ ⁇ 2T2)
  • ⁇ o is the resistivity at the reference temperature To
  • ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 are polynomials The coefficient.
  • the treatment can be simplified by representing the resistivity ⁇ versus temperature in one or more (preferably two) linear approximations within the temperature range applicable to tobacco. This simplifies the temperature evaluation desired in a controller with a control circuit with limited computing resources.
  • the look-up table of the characteristic resistivity of the resistance layer 4 with respect to temperature can be stored in the controller of the control circuit.

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Abstract

一种电加热元件和气溶胶生成装置及制备方法和控制加热方法，电加热元件包括主体（1），主体（1）上设置有由电源供电产生热量的至少一导电通路（2），主体（1）的表面覆设有含有电阻材料的电阻层（4）。电加热元件通过在主体（1）外设计电阻层（4），利用电阻层（4）可以与气溶胶生成制品全覆盖接触以及热导快的性质，实现电加热元件快速全面均匀加热气溶胶生成制品，提高口感效果。

Description

电加热元件和气溶胶生成装置及制备方法和控制加热方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种电加热元件和气溶胶生成装置及制备方法和控制加热方法。
 背景技术
传统卷烟需通过明火点燃燃烧产生烟草烟雾，烟草在高温和裂解的过程中会释放对人体有害混合物质达数千种。而低温加热烟具可有效降低有害物质的产生，更加健康。低温烟在使用时，是将烟体插入到烟具的加热管或是加热片插入烟体中，然后电源通电使加热管/加热片发热，将烟体加热从而产生烟雾。
现有技术中的低温加热不燃烧烟具所使用的电加热元件上设计导电轨迹以使电阻大些，在通电加热过程中可以使电流小些，以省电，但这种导电轨迹容易出现局部过热，尤其是初始加热时，导致烟体加热不均匀，口感欠佳。
 技术问题
基于此，有必要提供一种电加热元件和气溶胶生成装置及制备方法和控制加热方法。
 技术解决方案
一种电加热元件，用于加热气溶胶生成制品，所述电加热元件包括主体，所述主体上设置有由电源供电产生热量的至少一导电通路，所述主体的表面覆设有含有电阻材料的电阻层。
在一优选例中，所述电阻层至少覆设于所述主体与所述气溶胶生成制品接触的区域。
在一优选例中，所述电阻层是沿着所述主体的外周连续延伸的层结构。
在一优选例中，所述电阻层具有使得所述电阻层用作电加热元件的温度传感器的电阻温度系数特征。
在一优选例中，所述电阻层基于所述电阻温度系数特征感测所述电加热元件的温度，所述电源依据所述电阻层感测到的温度与期望的温度将电力供给到至少一所述导电通路。
在一优选例中，所述电阻材料包括掺杂陶瓷的半导体、导电陶瓷、碳、石墨、石墨烯、金属、金属合金、掺杂陶瓷和金属的复合材料中的一种或多种。
在一优选例中，至少一所述导电通路形成在所述主体的表面上，至少导电通路的表面覆设有由绝缘导热材料制成的绝缘导热层，所述电阻层还覆设于所述绝缘导热层的表面。
在一优选例中，至少一所述导电通路形成于所述主体内，所述主体是由绝缘导热材料制成的。
在一优选例中，每一所述导电通路是由导电材料形成在所述主体上的呈图形状的线、丝、痕迹、印迹中的至少一种。
在一优选例中，所述导电材料包括银、铂、铜、镍和钯中的一种或者多种。
在一优选例中，所述绝缘导热材料包括玻璃、陶瓷、阳极氧化金属和聚酰亚胺中的一种或者多种。
在一优选例中，所述电阻层的表面还覆设有钝化层。
在一优选例中，所述钝化层是由金、镍和玻璃中的一种或者多种材料制成的。
本发明还提供一种气溶胶生成装置，包括：
至少一个上述的电加热元件，用于加热气溶胶生成制品产生气溶胶；
电源，用于将电力供给到至少一电加热元件上的至少一通电电路。
本发明还提供了上述的电加热元件的制备方法，包括：形成主体，在所述主体上形成由电源供电产生热量的至少一导电通路，在主体的表面形成含有电阻材料的电阻层。
本发明还提供了一种气溶胶生成装置控制加热气溶胶生成制品的方法，所述气溶胶生成装置包括电源和至少一电加热元件，所述电加热元件包括主体，所述主体上设置有由电源供电产生热量的至少一导电通路，所述主体的表面覆设有含有电阻材料的电阻层。；
所述气溶胶生成装置控制加热气溶胶生成制品的方法包括：
测量所述电阻层的电阻率；
从测量的电阻率导出所述电加热元件的实际温度；
将所述实际温度与预设温度进行比较；
调整电源供应到至少一导电通路的电力以使所述实际温度在所述预设温度之下。
在一优选例中，气溶胶生成制品中含有多种挥发性化合物，所述预设温度满足以下两个条件的至少一种：所述预设温度≤气溶胶生成制品中的挥发性化合物中的至少一种的最低释放温度、所述预设温度≤加热气溶胶生成制品产生气溶胶但没有引起燃烧情况的温度。
 有益效果
本发明实施例的电加热元件通过在主体外设计电阻层，利用电阻层可以与气溶胶生成制品全覆盖接触以及热导快的性质，实现电加热元件快速全面均匀加热气溶胶生成制品，提高口感效果。
 附图说明
图1为本发明的一实施例提供的电加热元件的外视示意图；
图2为本发明的一实施例提供的电加热元件的剖视示意图。
 本发明的实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
在发明中，当元件被称为“固定于”另一个元件，除非特别限定为“直接地”，它可以直接在另一个元件上或者也可以存在居中的元件。当一个元件被认为是“连接”另一个元件，除非特别限定为“直接地”，它可以是直接连接到另一个元件或者可能同时存在居中元件。相反，当元件被称作“直接地连接”或“直接地固定”时，不存在该居中元件。本文所使用的术语“垂直的”、“水平的”、“左”、“右”以及类似的表述只是为了说明的目的。实施例附图中各种不同对象按便于列举说明的比例绘制，而非按实际组件的比例绘制。
本发明实施例所述的“气溶胶生成装置”指用于为气溶胶生成制品提供热能或电能的装置，例如烟具。所述气溶胶生成装置可直接提供热能加热所述气溶胶生成制品，或者优选是为气溶胶生成制品提供电能，所述气溶胶生成制品将电能转换为热能加热所述烟料。
本发明实施例所述的“气溶胶生成制品”指包含烟料，能够通过加热产生气溶胶，例如烟气或雾气的产品，例如气溶胶生成制品、烟弹或烟支，优选为一次性使用的制品。所述气溶胶生成制品本身不能够提供电能。
本发明实施例所述的“烟料”指发烟物质，是经加热或燃烧可以产生气味和/或尼古丁和/或烟气的物质，即可被雾化的物质，即气溶胶生成物质。烟料可以是固态、半固态和液态。固态烟料因为透气性、组装和制作等方面的考虑，经常加工成薄片状，因此又俗称为薄片，丝状薄片也称为薄片丝。本发明实施例所讨论的烟料可为天然的或人工合成的烟液、烟油、烟胶、烟膏、烟丝、烟叶等，例如，人工合成的烟料含有甘油、丙二醇和烟碱等。所述烟液为液体，所述烟油为油状，所述烟胶为凝胶状，所述烟膏为膏状，所述烟丝包括天然的或人造的或萃取加工过的烟丝，所述烟叶包括天然的或人造的或萃取加工过的烟叶。烟料可以在被其它物质封存的形式下被加热，如保存在可遇热降解的包装中，例如微胶囊中，加热后所需挥发性物质从降解或有孔隙的封存包装中导出。
本发明实施例所述的烟料可以含有烟碱，也可以不含有烟碱。含有烟碱的烟料可以包括天然烟叶制品，以烟碱为原料制成的烟液、烟油、烟胶、烟膏、烟丝、烟叶等中的至少一种。烟液为水状，烟油为油状，烟胶为凝胶状，烟膏为膏状，烟丝包括天然的或人造的或萃取加工过的烟丝，烟叶包括天然的或人造的或萃取加工过的烟叶。不含有烟碱的烟料主要含有香味物质，例如香料，既可被雾化以起到模拟吸烟过程又起到戒烟等目的。在一实施例中，所述香料包括薄荷油。所述烟料还可包括其他添加剂，例如甘油和/或丙二醇。
参阅图1-2，本发明实施例提供一种气溶胶生成装置，包括至少一个用于加热气溶胶生成制品产生气溶胶的电加热元件，电加热元件包括主体1，主体1上设置有由电源供电产生热量的至少一个导电通路2，主体1的表面覆设有含有电阻材料的电阻层4。气溶胶生成装置还包括用于将电力供给到至少一个电加热元件上的至少一个导电通路2的电源。
其中，主体1是刚性的，主体1可以是插入气溶胶生成制品内的片状、棒状的主体1，此时电阻层4覆设于主体1的外壁表面。在另一些实施例中，主体1也可以是包覆于气溶胶生成制品外周的管状的主体1，此时电阻层4覆设于主体1的内壁表面。
在一些实施例中，至少一个导电通路2形成在主体1的表面上，此处主体1的表面是指用于加热气溶胶生成制品的表面，可以是内表面或外表面。当导电通路2形成在主体1的表面上时，至少导电通路2的表面还覆设有由绝缘导热材料制成的绝缘导热层3，电阻层4还覆设于绝缘导热层3的表面。绝缘导热层3的目的是避免电阻层4与导电通路2发生短路现象，绝缘导热材料包括纸、玻璃、陶瓷、阳极氧化金属和聚酰亚胺中的一种或者多种。绝缘导热层3可以仅仅覆设于导电通路2的区域，也可以完全覆设于主体1的表面，导电通路2位于主体1的表面与绝缘导热层3之间，电阻层4覆设于绝缘导热层3上。其中，主体1是刚性的，主体1是由玻璃、陶瓷、阳极氧化金属、被覆金属和聚酰亚胺中的一种或者多种制备的。陶瓷可以包括云母、氧化铝(Al2O3)或者氧化锆(ZrO2)等。
在另一些实施例中，至少一个导电通路2形成于主体1内，也就是说导电通路2内置于主体1结构内部，此时主体1是由绝缘导热材料制成的，绝缘导热材料包括玻璃、陶瓷、阳极氧化金属、被覆金属和聚酰亚胺中的一种或者多种。陶瓷可以包括云母、氧化铝(Al2O3)或者氧化锆(ZrO2)等。
其中，每一个导电通路2是由导电材料形成在主体1上的图形，可以是任意图形的线路，这里不作限制。导电通路2可以是由导电材料制成的线、丝、印迹、痕迹等。导电材料包括但不限于：诸如掺杂的陶瓷的半导体、“导电”陶瓷( 例如，二硅化钼)、碳、石墨、金属、金属合金以及由陶瓷材料和金属材料制成的复合材料。该复合材料可以包括掺杂的或未掺杂的陶瓷。适合的掺杂陶瓷的实例包括掺杂的碳化硅。适合的金属的实例包括钛、锆、钽及铂族金属。适合的金属合金的实例包括不锈钢，含镍、钴、铬、铝、钛、锆、铪、铌、钼、钽、钨、锡、镓、锰及铁的合金，以及基于镍、铁、钴、不锈钢、及铁-锰-铝基合金的超耐热合金。导电材料优选包括银、铂、铜、镍和钯中的一种或者多种。
其中，电阻层4至少覆设于主体1与气溶胶生成制品接触的区域。也就是说，主体1插入进气溶胶生成制品的部分，且该部分的外周全部覆设有电阻层4，或者主体1包覆在气溶胶生成制品的部分，且该部分的内壁全部覆设有电阻层4。
电阻层4优选采用连续的层结构，即电阻层4是沿着主体1的外周连续延伸的层结构，即形成的连续的面，也就是说，电阻层4是沿着主体1的起始位连续延伸绕圈回归至起始位形成的层结构。在另一些实施例中，电阻层4也可以包括多个单元排列形成，此时每个单元都可以单独作为温度传感器。
其中，电阻材料包括但不限于：诸如掺杂的陶瓷的半导体、“导电”陶瓷( 例如，二硅化钼)、碳、石墨、金属、金属合金以及由陶瓷材料和金属材料制成的复合材料。该复合材料可以包括掺杂的或未掺杂的陶瓷。适合的掺杂陶瓷的实例包括掺杂的碳化硅。适合的金属的实例包括钛、锆、钽及铂族金属。适合的金属合金的实例包括不锈钢，含镍、钴、铬、铝、钛、锆、铪、铌、钼、钽、钨、锡、镓、锰及铁的合金，以及基于镍、铁、钴、不锈钢、及铁-锰-铝基合金的超耐热合金。电阻材料优选包括掺杂陶瓷的半导体、导电陶瓷、碳、石墨、石墨烯、金属、金属合金、掺杂陶瓷和金属的复合材料中的一种或多种。电阻材料更优选包括银、铂、铜、镍和钯中的一种或者多种。
电阻层4的表面还覆设有钝化层5，避免电阻层4发生氧化、腐蚀等。钝化层5是由金、镍和玻璃中的一种或者多种材料制成的。
其中，电阻层4具有使得电阻层4用作电加热元件的温度传感器的电阻温度系数特征。电阻层4基于电阻温度系数特征感测所述电加热元件的温度，电源依据电阻层4感测到的温度与期望的温度将电力供给到至少一个导电通路2。气溶胶生成装置还进一步包括为此目的布置的控制电路，用于根据电阻层4的感测温度与期望的温度之间的比较情况调节控制电源供给到至少一个导电通路2的电力。另外，电阻层4包括多个单元排列形成时，每个单元都可以单独作为温度传感器。
上述的电加热元件的制备方法，包括：形成主体1，在主体1的表面通过黏贴、电镀、印刷、涂覆、打印、蒸镀等方式形成至少一个导电通路2，或者通过将导电通路2埋入主体1内，在主体1的表面通过与导电通路2通过电镀、印刷、涂覆、打印、蒸镀等方式形成电阻层4。
上述气溶胶生成装置控制加热气溶胶生成制品的方法包括：测量所述电阻层4的电阻率；从测量的电阻率导出所述电加热元件的实际温度；将所述实际温度与预设温度进行比较；调整电源供应到至少一导电通路2的电力以使所述实际温度在所述预设温度之下。
其中，气溶胶生成制品中含有多种挥发性化合物，所述预设温度满足以下两个条件的至少一种：所述预设温度≤气溶胶生成制品中的挥发性化合物中的至少一种的最低释放温度、所述预设温度≤加热气溶胶生成制品产生气溶胶但没有引起燃烧情况的温度。预设温度可以预先存储于控制器中。预设温度也可以是可接受的范围，如减去预设温度的5%以内的范围。
需要说明的是，现有技术中已有相关报道，电阻率ρ随温度增大而增大。电阻R＝V/I ；其中V是在电阻层4两端的电压，而I 是通过电阻层4的电流。电阻R取决于电阻层4的构造以及温度，并且由以下关系表示：R＝ρ(T)×L/S，其中ρ(T) 是与温度相关的电阻率，L是电阻层4的长度，而S是电阻层4的横截面面积。对于给定的电阻层4的构造，L和S是固定的并且能够被测出。因而，对于给定的电阻层4的设计，R与ρ(T) 成比例。电阻层4的电阻率ρ(T) 能够以多项式的形式如下表示：ρ(T) ＝Po× (1+α1T+α2T2) ，其中ρo 是参考温度To下的电阻率，而α1和α2是多项式的系数。因而，知道了电阻层4的长度和横截面，则可以确定电阻R，并且由此通过测量电阻层4的电压V 和电流I来确定在给定温度下的电阻率ρ。温度能够简单地从所使用的电阻层4的特性电阻率相对于温度的关系的查找表中获得或者通过求以上公式的多项式的值来获得。优选地，处理可以通过在可应用于烟草的温度范围内的一个或多个(优选为两个) 线性近似中表示电阻率ρ 相对于温度的曲线来简化。这样简化了在具有有限的计算资源的控制电路的控制器中所希望的对温度的求值。电阻层4的特性电阻率相对于温度的关系的查找表可以存储于控制电路的控制器中。
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合，为使描述简洁，未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述，然而，只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾，都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (17)

  1. 一种电加热元件，用于加热气溶胶生成制品，所述电加热元件包括主体，所述主体上设置有由电源供电产生热量的至少一导电通路，其特征在于，所述主体的表面覆设有含有电阻材料的电阻层。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电加热元件，其特征在于，所述电阻层至少覆设于所述主体与所述气溶胶生成制品接触的区域。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的电加热元件，其特征在于，所述电阻层是沿着所述主体的外周连续延伸的层结构。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的电加热元件，其特征在于，所述电阻层具有使得所述电阻层用作电加热元件的温度传感器的电阻温度系数特征。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电加热元件，其特征在于，所述电阻层基于所述电阻温度系数特征感测所述电加热元件的温度，所述电源依据所述电阻层感测到的温度与期望的温度将电力供给到至少一所述导电通路。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的电加热元件，其特征在于，所述电阻材料包括掺杂陶瓷的半导体、导电陶瓷、碳、石墨、石墨烯、金属、金属合金、掺杂陶瓷和金属的复合材料中的一种或多种。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的电加热元件，其特征在于，至少一所述导电通路形成在所述主体的表面上，至少导电通路的表面覆设有由绝缘导热材料制成的绝缘导热层，所述电阻层还覆设于所述绝缘导热层的表面。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的电加热元件，其特征在于，至少一所述导电通路形成于所述主体内，所述主体是由绝缘导热材料制成的。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的电加热元件，其特征在于，每一所述导电通路是由导电材料形成在所述主体上的呈图形状的线、丝、痕迹、印迹中的至少一种。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的电加热元件，其特征在于，所述导电材料包括银、铂、铜、镍和钯中的一种或者多种。
  11. 根据权利要求7或8所述的电加热元件，其特征在于，所述绝缘导热材料包括玻璃、陶瓷、阳极氧化金属和聚酰亚胺中的一种或者多种。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的电加热元件，其特征在于，所述电阻层的表面还覆设有钝化层。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的电加热元件，其特征在于，所述钝化层是由金、镍和玻璃中的一种或者多种材料制成的。
  14. 一种气溶胶生成装置，其特征在于，包括：
    至少一个权利要求1-13任一所述的电加热元件，用于加热气溶胶生成制品产生气溶胶；
    电源，用于将电力供给到至少一电加热元件上的至少一通电电路。
  15. 一种权利要求1-13任一所述的电加热元件的制备方法，其特征在于，包括：形成主体，在所述主体上形成由电源供电产生热量的至少一导电通路，在主体的表面形成含有电阻材料的电阻层。
  16. 一种气溶胶生成装置控制加热气溶胶生成制品的方法，其特征在于，所述气溶胶生成装置包括电源和至少一电加热元件，所述电加热元件包括主体，所述主体上设置有由电源供电产生热量的至少一导电通路，所述主体的表面覆设有含有电阻材料的电阻层。；
    所述气溶胶生成装置控制加热气溶胶生成制品的方法包括：
    测量所述电阻层的电阻率；
    从测量的电阻率导出所述电加热元件的实际温度；
    将所述实际温度与预设温度进行比较；
    调整电源供应到至少一导电通路的电力以使所述实际温度在所述预设温度之下。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的方法，其特征在于，气溶胶生成制品中含有多种挥发性化合物，所述预设温度满足以下两个条件的至少一种：所述预设温度≤气溶胶生成制品中的挥发性化合物中的至少一种的最低释放温度、所述预设温度≤加热气溶胶生成制品产生气溶胶但没有引起燃烧情况的温度。
     
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