WO2021143758A1 - 悬浮力对称六极混合磁轴承的设计方法 - Google Patents
悬浮力对称六极混合磁轴承的设计方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021143758A1 WO2021143758A1 PCT/CN2021/071727 CN2021071727W WO2021143758A1 WO 2021143758 A1 WO2021143758 A1 WO 2021143758A1 CN 2021071727 W CN2021071727 W CN 2021071727W WO 2021143758 A1 WO2021143758 A1 WO 2021143758A1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
- F16C32/0406—Magnetic bearings
- F16C32/044—Active magnetic bearings
- F16C32/0459—Details of the magnetic circuit
- F16C32/0461—Details of the magnetic circuit of stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- F16C32/0465—Details of the magnetic circuit of stationary parts of the magnetic circuit with permanent magnets provided in the magnetic circuit of the electromagnets
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
- F16C32/0406—Magnetic bearings
- F16C32/044—Active magnetic bearings
- F16C32/0474—Active magnetic bearings for rotary movement
- F16C32/048—Active magnetic bearings for rotary movement with active support of two degrees of freedom, e.g. radial magnetic bearings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
- F16C32/0406—Magnetic bearings
- F16C32/044—Active magnetic bearings
- F16C32/0459—Details of the magnetic circuit
Definitions
- the invention relates to a design method of a hybrid magnetic suspension bearing, in particular to a design method of a suspension force symmetrical six-pole hybrid magnetic bearing.
- the design idea can be used as the design of a hybrid magnetic bearing of the same type with other structures.
- the present invention is based on a six-pole hybrid magnetic bearing and is designed to have symmetrical suspension forces in the X direction and the Y direction. Its structure is shown in Figure 1 and the radial magnetic flux is shown in Figure 2.
- the magnetic bearing includes a stator and a rotor located on the inner ring of the stator.
- the stator is composed of a left stator core, a left axially magnetized permanent magnet ring, a middle stator core, a right axially magnetized permanent magnet ring, and a right stator core arranged in sequence from left to right.
- the left, middle and right stator cores are respectively a pair of suspension teeth of equal width evenly distributed along the inner circumference, respectively marked as suspension tooth X, suspension tooth Y, suspension tooth Z, suspension tooth V, suspension tooth W, suspension tooth U, suspension tooth X, Y, V, and W all bend in opposite directions.
- the rotor includes a cylindrical rotor core and a rotating shaft.
- the suspension teeth X, Y, Z, V, W, U are close to the rotor core.
- One end surface matches the radius of the rotor core circumference and has the same axial width as the rotor core and is radially coplanar.
- the suspension teeth Z is located on the +x axis, the suspension teeth X, Y, Z, V, W, and U are mutually different by 60 degrees on the circumference, and the air gap length between the suspension teeth X, Y, Z, U, V, W and the rotor core is equal.
- Centralized radial control windings with the same number of turns are wound on the six suspension teeth X, Y, Z, U, V, and W, which are respectively denoted as control winding 1 to control winding 6.
- the control windings on the two opposite suspension teeth are connected in series.
- the direction of the bias magnetic flux of the suspension teeth X, Y and V, W of the left and right stator cores is opposite to the direction of the bias magnetic flux of the suspension teeth Z, U of the middle stator core.
- the saturation magnetic flux density and magnetic pole area together determine the bearing capacity of the magnetic bearing.
- the existing six-pole magnetic bearing design achieves saturation magnetic induction in the +x direction and zero magnetic induction in the -x direction to design the maximum radial suspension force in the +x direction. Due to the structural characteristics of the six-pole magnetic bearing, this method leads to +x It is not equal to the maximum levitation force in the +y direction. This asymmetry causes the six-pole hybrid magnetic bearing to be unusable in some specific situations.
- the present invention proposes a design method for a symmetric six-pole hybrid magnetic bearing with levitation force, +x and + The maximum levitation force in the y direction is equal, and the radial levitation force of the six-pole magnetic bearing is completely symmetrical.
- a design method for a symmetrical suspension force six-pole hybrid magnetic bearing The starting point is the particularity of the suspension force symmetrical six-pole hybrid magnetic bearing permanent magnets forming the magnetic polarity on the stator suspension teeth. The specific steps are as follows:
- Step 1 Calculate the maximum magnetic levitation force in the +x direction
- Step 2 Calculate the maximum magnetic levitation force in the +y direction
- the radial air gap bias magnetic flux density is B p and the radial control magnetic flux density is B y , and the radial direction of the suspension gear X, Y, V, W is determined
- the composite magnetic induction intensity of the air gap is B x2 , B y2 , B v2 , B w2 ;
- Step 4 By the formula Calculate the radial magnetic pole area S r of the suspension teeth X, Y, Z, U, V, W, F is the electromagnetic attraction, B is the magnetic induction, s is the area, and ⁇ 0 is the vacuum permeability.
- the angular relationships corresponding to the suspension teeth X, Y, Z, U, V, and W in S1.4 and S2.3 are: a difference of 60 degrees on the circumference of each other.
- ⁇ 0 is the vacuum permeability
- ⁇ 0 4 ⁇ 10 -7 H/m.
- the maximum levitation force in the +x and +y directions is unequal.
- the saturation magnetic induction and the magnetic pole area the maximum levitation force in the +x and +y directions is equalized to achieve six poles.
- the radial suspension force of the magnetic bearing is designed completely symmetrically.
- Figure 1 is a structural diagram of a six-pole hybrid magnetic bearing with symmetrical suspension force
- Figure 2 shows the radial magnetic flux diagram of a six-pole hybrid magnetic bearing with symmetrical suspension force.
- first and second are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined with “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, “plurality” means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.
- the terms “installed”, “connected”, “connected”, “fixed” and other terms should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. , Or integrated; it can be mechanically connected or electrically connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, it can be the internal connection of two components or the interaction relationship between two components, unless otherwise specified The limit.
- installed can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. , Or integrated; it can be mechanically connected or electrically connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, it can be the internal connection of two components or the interaction relationship between two components, unless otherwise specified The limit.
- the specific meanings of the above-mentioned terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.
- the invention relates to a design method of a hybrid magnetic bearing, in particular to a design method of a six-pole hybrid magnetic bearing with symmetrical suspension force.
- the design idea can be used as the design of a hybrid magnetic bearing of the same type with other structures, and according to the general design method of magnetic bearings,
- the suspension force symmetrical six-pole hybrid magnetic bearing makes the following assumptions: only the working air gap reluctance is considered, the reluctance of the left, center, and right stator cores and rotor cores are ignored, and the magnetic flux leakage and eddy current effects are ignored.
- the present invention is designed based on the following structure, and the design of the suspension force in the X direction and the Y direction is symmetrical.
- the structure is shown in FIG. 1 and the radial magnetic flux is shown in FIG. 2.
- the magnetic bearing includes a stator and a rotor located on the inner ring of the stator.
- the stator is composed of a left stator core 1, a left axially magnetized permanent magnet ring 2, a middle stator core 3, a right axially magnetized permanent magnet ring 4, and a right stator core 5 arranged in sequence from left to right.
- the left, middle and right stator cores are respectively a pair of suspension teeth of equal width evenly distributed along the inner circumference, respectively marked as suspension tooth X, suspension tooth Y, suspension tooth Z, suspension tooth V, suspension tooth W, suspension tooth U, suspension tooth X, Y, V, and W all bend in opposite directions.
- the rotor includes a cylindrical rotor core 7 and a rotating shaft 8.
- the suspension teeth X, Y, Z, V, W, U are close to the rotor core 7 and one end surface matches the arc of the circumference of the rotor core 7 and is the same as the rotor core 7 in axial width and radial direction.
- the suspension tooth Z is located on the +x axis, the suspension tooth X, Y, Z, V, W, U are mutually different by 60 degrees on the circumference, and the suspension tooth X, Y, Z, U, V, W and the rotor core 7 The length of the air gap formed between them is equal.
- the six levitation teeth X, Y, Z, U, V, W are all wound with the same number of centralized radial control windings, which are respectively recorded as control winding 1 to control winding 6, that is, the control winding wound on the levitation tooth X
- control winding six 13 is wound on the levitation tooth Y
- the control winding four 11 is wound on the levitation tooth Z
- the control winding three 10 is wound on the levitation tooth U
- the control winding two 9 is wound on the levitation tooth V.
- the control winding 512 is wound on the levitation tooth W.
- the control windings on the two opposite suspension teeth are connected in series, that is, the suspension teeth X and Y are connected in series, the suspension teeth Z and U are connected in series, and the suspension teeth V and W are connected in series.
- the direction of the bias magnetic flux of the suspension teeth X, Y and V, W of the left and right stator cores (1, 5) is opposite to the direction of the bias magnetic flux of the suspension teeth Z, U of the middle stator core 3.
- the radial air gap saturation magnetic induction intensity under the suspension tooth Z in the +x direction is B s , assuming the suspension tooth X, Y, V, W under The radial air gap bias magnetic induction intensity is B p , according to the magnetic circuit of the bias magnetic flux, the left axial magnetized permanent magnet ring 2 generates the bias magnetic flux 14 under the levitation teeth X and Y in the radial air gap, starting from N Starting from the pole, through the yoke of the left stator core 1, the suspension teeth X and Y on the left stator core 1, the rotor core 7, enter the suspension teeth Z, U on the middle stator core 3 and the yoke of the middle stator core 3 back S pole.
- the bias magnetic flux 15 generated by the right axially magnetized permanent magnet ring 4 in the radial air gap under the suspension teeth V and W starts from the N pole and passes through the yoke of the right stator core 5, and the suspension tooth V on the right stator core 5 , W, the rotor core 7, enters the suspension teeth Z, U on the middle stator core 3 and the yoke of the middle stator core 3 back to the S pole.
- control magnetic flux 16 on the left stator core 1 (only the control magnetic flux B kb on the left stator core 1 is drawn, the control magnetic flux B ka on the middle stator core 3 and the control magnetic flux B kc on the right stator core 5 are similar to it ) Refer to Figure 2.
- the radial air gap bias magnetic induction intensity under the suspension teeth Z and U is 2B p
- the radial control magnetic induction intensity B ka generated by the radial control winding 3 10 and the control winding 4 11 wound on the suspension tooth Z and U for:
- the radial control winding 411 and the control winding three 10 wound on the levitation teeth Z and U are supplied with the maximum control current i xmax in the x direction, and the levitation teeth X, Y-winding control winding one 6, control winding six 13 and control winding two 9 wound by floating teeth V and W, control winding five 12 is passed through the negative half of the maximum control current in the x direction -0.5i xmax , resulting in +
- the maximum levitation force F xmax in the x direction according to the relationship between the magnetic induction intensity and the current:
- N is the number of turns of the winding
- i is the current
- s is the cross-sectional area of the magnetic circuit
- R is the magnetic resistance. Therefore, the control winding 6 wound by the suspension teeth X and Y, the control winding 6 13 and the control winding 2 9 wound by the suspension teeth V and W, and the control winding 5 12 produce the radial control magnetic induction intensity of B kb and B kc as :
- the combined magnetic flux density B x1 , B y1 , B z1 , Bu1 , B v1 , B w1 of the radial air gap under the six suspension teeth X, Y, Z, U, V, W are:
- the radial control winding three 10 and the control winding four 11 wound on the suspension teeth Z and U are not energized, and the control winding one 6 wound by the suspension teeth X and Y ,
- the control winding 6-13 is passed through the negative y-direction maximum control current -i ymax , the suspension tooth V, W wound control winding 2 9, the control winding 5 12 is passed the y-direction maximum control current i ymax , resulting in +
- the maximum levitation force F ymax in the y direction is determined according to the formula (2).
- the control winding 6 and the control winding 6 13 wound by the suspension teeth X and Y and the control winding 2 9 and the control winding 5 12 wound by the suspension teeth V and W are determined according to formula (2).
- the radial control magnetic induction intensity B yb and B yc are:
- the composite magnetic flux density B x2 , B y2 , B v2 , B w2 of the radial air gap under the suspension teeth X, Y, V, W are:
- the relationship between the maximum levitation force F max and the magnetic pole area required F is electromagnetic attraction, B is magnetic induction intensity, s is area, Is the vacuum permeability, the radial magnetic pole area S r of the suspended teeth X, Y, Z, U, V, W is obtained as
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Abstract
一种悬浮力对称六极混合磁轴承的设计方法，以悬浮力对称六极混合磁轴承永磁体在定子悬浮齿上形成磁极性的特殊性为出发点，以x、y方向最大悬浮力、饱和磁密为约束条件进行磁轴承设计，与现有六极磁轴承的设计，以+x方向达到饱和磁感应强度，-x方向磁感应强度为零来设计+x方向最大径向悬浮力的方法相比，可以使得+x和+y方向最大磁悬浮力一样，实现六极磁轴承径向悬浮力完全对称设计，根据+x和+y方向最大悬浮力相等得到磁轴承的基本参数。
Description
本发明涉及混合磁悬浮轴承的设计方法，特指一种悬浮力对称六极混合磁轴承的设计方法，其设计思想可作为同类型其它结构混合磁轴承的设计。
本发明基于一种六极混合磁轴承，并设计其X方向与Y方向的悬浮力对称，其结构如图1所示，径向磁通如图2所示。该磁轴承包括定子和位于定子内圈的转子。定子是由从左到右依次排列的左定子铁心、左轴向磁化永磁环、中定子铁心、右轴向磁化永磁环、右定子铁心组成的整体。左、中、右定子铁心分别沿内圆周均匀分布等宽的一对悬浮齿，分别记为悬浮齿X、悬浮齿Y、悬浮齿Z、悬浮齿V、悬浮齿W、悬浮齿U，悬浮齿X、Y、V、W均向相向方向弯曲。转子包括圆柱形转子铁心与转轴，悬浮齿X、Y、Z、V、W、U靠近转子铁心一端面与转子铁心圆周面弧度匹配且与转子铁心轴向宽度相同、径向共面，悬浮齿Z位于+x轴，悬浮齿X、Y、Z、V、W、U在圆周上互差60度，且悬浮齿X、Y、Z、U、V、W与转子铁心间气隙长度相等。六个悬浮齿X、Y、Z、U、V、W上均绕制相同匝数的集中式径向控制绕组，分别记为控制绕组一至控制绕组六。相对的两个悬浮齿上的控制绕组串联。左、右定子铁心的悬浮齿X、Y和V、W的偏置磁通与中定子铁心悬浮齿Z、U的偏置磁通方向相反。
对于磁轴承来说，其饱和磁感应强度和磁极面积共同决定了磁轴承的承载力。现有六极磁轴承的设计，以+x方向达到饱和磁感应强度，-x方向磁感应强度为零来设计+x方向最大径向悬浮力，由于六极磁轴承的结构特点，该方法导致+x和+y方向最大悬浮力不等，这种不对称性造成在六极混合磁轴承在一些特定场合无法使用。
发明内容
发明目的：本发明为了解决传统六极磁轴承设计方法导致的+x和+y方向最大悬浮力不等的问题，提出了一种悬浮力对称六极混合磁轴承的设计方法，+x和+y方向最大悬浮力相等，实现六极磁轴承径向悬浮力完全对称设计。
技术方案：本发明通过以下技术方案实现：
一种悬浮力对称六极混合磁轴承的设计方法，以悬浮力对称六极混合磁轴承永磁体在定子悬浮齿上形成磁极性的特殊性为出发点，其具体步骤如下：
步骤1：计算+x方向的最大磁悬浮力；
S1.1根据所选铁磁材料，确定+x方向的悬浮齿Z下的径向气隙饱和磁感应强度为B
s， 设悬浮齿X、Y、V、W下的径向气隙偏置磁感应强度为B
p，确定悬浮齿Z、U上的径向控制绕组产生的径向控制磁感应强度为B
ka；
S1.2根据交流磁轴承产生+x方向最大悬浮力时三相电流的关系，确定悬浮齿X、Y上的径向控制绕组和悬浮齿V、W上的径向控制绕组产生的径向控制磁感应强度为B
kb和B
kc；
S1.3确定六个悬浮齿X、Y、Z、U、V、W下径向气隙的合成磁感应强度为B
x1、B
y1、B
z1、B
u1、B
v1、B
w1；
S1.4设定悬浮齿X、Y、Z、U、V、W径向磁极面积S
r，以及6个悬浮齿X、Y、Z、U、V、W所对应的角度关系，确定出+x方向的最大磁悬浮力F
xmax的表达式；
步骤2：计算+y方向的最大磁悬浮力；
S2.1根据交流磁轴承产生+y方向最大悬浮力时三相电流的关系，确定悬浮齿X、Y上径向控制绕组和悬浮齿V、W上的径向控制绕组产生的径向控制磁感应强度均为B
y；
S2.2根据悬浮齿X、Y、V、W下的径向气隙偏置磁感应强度为B
p和径向控制磁感应强度均为B
y，确定悬浮齿X、Y、V、W下径向气隙的合成磁感应强度为B
x2、B
y2、B
v2、B
w2；
S2.3根据悬浮齿X、Y、V、W径向磁极面积S
r，以及4个悬浮齿X、Y、V、W所对应的角度关系，确定出+y方向的最大磁悬浮力F
ymax的表达式；
步骤3：对F
xmax＝F
ymax的方程求解，计算出悬浮齿X、Y、V、W下的径向气隙偏置磁感应强度为B
p；
步骤4：由式
计算出悬浮齿X、Y、Z、U、V、W径向磁极面积S
r，F为电磁吸力，B为磁感应强度，s为面积，μ
0为真空磁导率。
进一步地，所述B
ka、B
kb、B
kc与B
s、B
p的关系为：
B
ka＝B
s-2B
p；
进一步地，所述S1.4以及S2.3中悬浮齿X、Y、Z、U、V、W所对应的角度关系为：在圆周上互差60度。
进一步地，所述+x方向的最大磁悬浮力F
xmax的表达式为：
其中，μ
0为真空磁导率，μ
0＝4π×10
-7H/m。
进一步地，所述+y方向的最大磁悬浮力F
ymax的表达式为：
本发明相比于传统的六极混合磁轴承导致的+x和+y方向最大悬浮力不等，通过设计饱和磁感应强度和磁极面积，使+x和+y方向最大悬浮力相等，实现六极磁轴承径向悬浮力完全对称设计。
图1为悬浮力对称六极混合磁轴承结构图；
图2为悬浮力对称六极混合磁轴承径向磁通图。
1-左定子铁心，2-左轴向磁化永磁环，3-中定子铁心，4-右轴向磁化永磁环，5-右定子铁心，6-控制绕组一，7-转子铁心，8-转轴，9-控制绕组二，10-控制绕组三，11-控制绕组四，12-控制绕组五，13-控制绕组六，14-左轴向磁化永磁环在悬浮齿X、Y下径向气隙产生的偏置磁通B
p，15-右轴向磁化永磁环在悬浮齿V、W下径向气隙产生的偏置磁通B
p，16-左定子铁心1上的控制磁通B
kb。
下面结合附图对本发明进行具体介绍。
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”、“轴向”、“径向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。在本发明的描述中，“多个”的含义是至少两个，例如两个，三个等，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本发明中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系，除非另有明确的限定。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言， 可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
本发明涉及混合磁悬浮轴承的设计方法，特指一种悬浮力对称六极混合磁轴承的设计方法，其设计思想可作为同类型其它结构混合磁轴承的设计，并且根据磁轴承一般设计方法，对悬浮力对称六极混合磁轴承做以下假设：只考虑工作气隙磁阻，忽略左、中、右定子铁心和转子铁心的磁阻，忽略漏磁、涡流效应。
本发明基于如下结构进行设计，并设计其X方向与Y方向的悬浮力对称，其结构如图1所示，径向磁通如图2所示。该磁轴承包括定子和位于定子内圈的转子。定子是由从左到右依次排列的左定子铁心1、左轴向磁化永磁环2、中定子铁心3、右轴向磁化永磁环4、右定子铁心5组成的整体。左、中、右定子铁心分别沿内圆周均匀分布等宽的一对悬浮齿，分别记为悬浮齿X、悬浮齿Y、悬浮齿Z、悬浮齿V、悬浮齿W、悬浮齿U，悬浮齿X、Y、V、W均向相向方向弯曲。转子包括圆柱形转子铁心7与转轴8，悬浮齿X、Y、Z、V、W、U靠近转子铁心7一端面与转子铁心7圆周面弧度匹配且与转子铁心7轴向宽度相同、径向共面，悬浮齿Z位于+x轴，悬浮齿X、Y、Z、V、W、U在圆周上互差60度，且悬浮齿X、Y、Z、U、V、W与转子铁心7间形成的气隙长度相等。六个悬浮齿X、Y、Z、U、V、W上均绕制相同匝数的集中式径向控制绕组，分别记为控制绕组一至控制绕组六，即悬浮齿X上绕制的控制绕组为控制绕组一6，悬浮齿Y上绕制控制绕组六13，悬浮齿Z上绕制控制绕组四11，悬浮齿U上绕制控制绕组三10，悬浮齿V上绕制控制绕组二9，悬浮齿W上绕制控制绕组五12。相对的两个悬浮齿上的控制绕组串联，即悬浮齿X、Y串联，悬浮齿Z、U串联，悬浮齿V、W串联。左、右定子铁心(1、5)的悬浮齿X、Y和V、W的偏置磁通与中定子铁心3悬浮齿Z、U的偏置磁通方向相反。
由定子铁心(左、中、右定子铁心)的铁磁材料，确定+x方向的悬浮齿Z下的径向气隙饱和磁感应强度为B
s，假设悬浮齿X、Y、V、W下的径向气隙偏置磁感应强度为B
p，根据偏置磁通的磁路，左轴向磁化永磁环2在悬浮齿X、Y下径向气隙产生的偏置磁通14，从N极出发，通过左定子铁心1的轭部，左定子铁心1上的悬浮齿X、Y，转子铁心7，进入中定子铁心3上的悬浮齿Z、U和中定子铁心3的轭部回到S极。
右轴向磁化永磁环4在悬浮齿V、W下径向气隙产生的偏置磁通15，从N极出发，通过右定子铁心5的轭部，右定子铁心5上的悬浮齿V、W，转子铁心7，进入中定子铁心3上的悬浮齿Z、U和中定子铁心3的轭部回到S极。
左定子铁心1上的控制磁通16(只画了左定子铁心1上的控制磁通B
kb，中定子铁心3上控制磁通B
ka和右定子铁心5上控制磁通B
kc和它类似)参见附图2。
因此，悬浮齿Z、U下的径向气隙偏置磁感应强度为2B
p，悬浮齿Z、U上绕制的径向控 制绕组三10和控制绕组四11产生的径向控制磁感应强度B
ka为：
B
ka＝B
s-2B
p (1)
根据混合磁轴承产生x方向最大悬浮力的通电方法，令悬浮齿Z、U上绕制的径向控制绕组四11和控制绕组三10中通入x方向最大控制电流i
xmax，悬浮齿X、Y绕制的控制绕组一6、控制绕组六13和悬浮齿V、W绕制的控制绕组二9、控制绕组五12中通入x方向最大控制电流的负的一半-0.5i
xmax，产生+x方向最大悬浮力F
xmax，根据磁感应强度与电流的关系式：
式(2)中，N为绕组的匝数，i为电流，s为磁路横截面面积，R为磁阻。因此悬浮齿X、Y绕制的控制绕组一6、控制绕组六13和悬浮齿V、W绕制的控制绕组二9、控制绕组五12产生的径向控制磁感应强度为B
kb和B
kc为：
因此，六个悬浮齿X、Y、Z、U、V、W下径向气隙的合成磁感应强度B
x1、B
y1、B
z1、B
u1、B
v1、B
w1为：
设悬浮齿X、Y、Z、U、V、W径向磁极面积S
r，以及6个悬浮齿X、Y、Z、U、V、W在圆周上互差60度，可以得出+x方向的最大磁悬浮力F
xmax的表达式为：
式(5)中μ
0为真空磁导率，μ
0＝4π×10
-7H/m。
根据混合磁轴承产生y方向最大悬浮力的通电方法，令悬浮齿Z、U上绕制的径向控制绕组三10和控制绕组四11不通电，悬浮齿X、Y绕制的控制绕组一6、控制绕组六13中通入负的y方向最大控制电流-i
ymax，悬浮齿V、W绕制的控制绕组二9、控制绕组五12中通入y方向最大控制电流的i
ymax，产生+y方向最大悬浮力F
ymax，根据式(2)确定悬浮齿X、Y 绕制的控制绕组一6、控制绕组六13和悬浮齿V、W绕制的控制绕组二9、控制绕组五12产生的径向控制磁感应强度B
yb和B
yc为：
因此，悬浮齿X、Y、V、W下径向气隙的合成磁感应强度B
x2、B
y2、B
v2、B
w2为：
则+y方向的最大磁悬浮力F
ymax的表达式为：
对F
xmax＝F
ymax的方程进行求解，得出悬浮齿X、Y、V、W下的径向气隙偏置磁感应强度B
p为
B
p＝0.3714B
s (9)
根据要求的最大悬浮力F
max与磁极面积关系式
F为电磁吸力，B为磁感应强度，s为面积，
为真空磁导率，得出悬浮齿X、Y、Z、U、V、W径向磁极面积S
r为
以F
max＝100N，径向饱和磁感应强度B
s＝0.8T为例，计算得出悬浮齿X、Y、V、W下的径向气隙偏置磁感应强度B
p＝0.297T，悬浮齿X、Y、Z、U、V、W径向磁极面积S
r＝2850mm
2。
本发明方案所公开的技术手段不仅限于上述实施方式所公开的技术手段，还包括由以上技术特征任意组合所组成的技术方案。应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (5)
- 一种悬浮力对称六极混合磁轴承的设计方法，其特征在于，以悬浮力对称六极混合磁轴承永磁体在定子悬浮齿上形成磁极性的特殊性为出发点，其具体步骤如下：步骤1：计算+x方向的最大磁悬浮力；S1.1根据所选铁磁材料，确定+x方向的悬浮齿Z下的径向气隙饱和磁感应强度为B s，设悬浮齿X、Y、V、W下的径向气隙偏置磁感应强度为B p，确定悬浮齿Z、U上的径向控制绕组产生的径向控制磁感应强度为B ka；S1.2根据交流磁轴承产生+x方向最大悬浮力时三相电流的关系，确定悬浮齿X、Y上的径向控制绕组和悬浮齿V、W上的径向控制绕组产生的径向控制磁感应强度为B kb和B kc；S1.3确定六个悬浮齿X、Y、Z、U、V、W下径向气隙的合成磁感应强度为B x1、B y1、B z1、B u1、B v1、B w1；S1.4设定悬浮齿X、Y、Z、U、V、W径向磁极面积S r，以及6个悬浮齿X、Y、Z、U、V、W所对应的角度关系，确定出+x方向的最大磁悬浮力F xmax的表达式；步骤2：计算+y方向的最大磁悬浮力；S2.1根据交流磁轴承产生+y方向最大悬浮力时三相电流的关系，确定悬浮齿X、Y上径向控制绕组和悬浮齿V、W上的径向控制绕组产生的径向控制磁感应强度均为B y；S2.2根据悬浮齿X、Y、V、W下的径向气隙偏置磁感应强度为B p和径向控制磁感应强度均为B y，确定悬浮齿X、Y、V、W下径向气隙的合成磁感应强度为B x2、B y2、B v2、B w2；S2.3根据悬浮齿X、Y、V、W径向磁极面积S r，以及4个悬浮齿X、Y、V、W所对应的角度关系，确定出+y方向的最大磁悬浮力F ymax的表达式；步骤3：对F xmax＝F ymax的方程求解，计算出悬浮齿X、Y、V、W下的径向气隙偏置磁感应强度为B p；步骤4：由式计算出悬浮齿X、Y、Z、U、V、W径向磁极面积S r，F为电磁吸力，B为磁感应强度，s为面积，μ 0为真空磁导率。
- 根据权利要求1所述的悬浮力对称六极混合磁轴承的设计方法，其特征在于，所述B ka、B kb、B kc与B s、B p的关系为：B ka＝B s-2B p；
- 根据权利要求2所述的悬浮力对称六极混合磁轴承的设计方法，其特征在于，所述 S1.4以及S2.3中悬浮齿X、Y、Z、U、V、W所对应的角度关系为：在圆周上互差60度。
- 根据权利要求3所述的悬浮力对称六极混合磁轴承的设计方法，其特征在于，所述+x方向的最大磁悬浮力F xmax的表达式为：
其中，μ 0为真空磁导率，μ 0＝4π×10 -7H/m。 - 根据权利要求3所述的悬浮力对称六极混合磁轴承的设计方法，其特征在于，所述+y方向的最大磁悬浮力F ymax的表达式为：
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