WO2021143759A1 - 新结构径向两自由度六极交流/直流混合磁轴承 - Google Patents

新结构径向两自由度六极交流/直流混合磁轴承 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021143759A1
WO2021143759A1 PCT/CN2021/071728 CN2021071728W WO2021143759A1 WO 2021143759 A1 WO2021143759 A1 WO 2021143759A1 CN 2021071728 W CN2021071728 W CN 2021071728W WO 2021143759 A1 WO2021143759 A1 WO 2021143759A1
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Prior art keywords
control
core
radial
rotor
suspension
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PCT/CN2021/071728
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
叶小婷
陈杰
周兆雯
张涛
武莎莎
鲁庆
莫丽红
陈万
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淮阴工学院
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Publication of WO2021143759A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021143759A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
    • F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
    • F16C32/0406—Magnetic bearings
    • F16C32/044—Active magnetic bearings
    • F16C32/0459—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • F16C32/0461—Details of the magnetic circuit of stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • F16C32/0465—Details of the magnetic circuit of stationary parts of the magnetic circuit with permanent magnets provided in the magnetic circuit of the electromagnets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
    • F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
    • F16C32/0406—Magnetic bearings
    • F16C32/044—Active magnetic bearings
    • F16C32/0459—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • F16C32/0468—Details of the magnetic circuit of moving parts of the magnetic circuit, e.g. of the rotor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
    • F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
    • F16C32/0406—Magnetic bearings
    • F16C32/044—Active magnetic bearings
    • F16C32/0474—Active magnetic bearings for rotary movement
    • F16C32/048—Active magnetic bearings for rotary movement with active support of two degrees of freedom, e.g. radial magnetic bearings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a magnetic levitation magnetic bearing, in particular to a radial two-degree-of-freedom AC/DC hybrid magnetic bearing with a novel structure, which can be used as a non-contact suspension support for high-speed transmission components such as flywheel systems, machine tool electric spindles, centrifuges and the like.
  • the magnetic bearing is a new type of high-performance bearing that uses the electromagnetic force between the stator and the rotor to suspend the rotor in the space, so that there is no mechanical contact between the stator and the rotor.
  • magnetic bearings are divided into the following three types according to the way of providing magnetic force: (1) Active magnetic bearings, the bias magnetic field is generated by the bias current, and the control magnetic flux generated by the control current and the bias magnetic flux are superimposed to produce controllable
  • the levitation force of this kind of magnetic bearing is relatively large in volume, weight and power consumption;
  • Passive magnetic bearing the levitation force is completely provided by permanent magnets, the required controller is simple, the levitation power consumption is small, but the stiffness and damping are both Small, generally used to support objects in only one direction or to reduce the load on traditional bearings; (3) Hybrid magnetic bearings, which use permanent magnetic materials instead of electromagnets in active magnetic bearings to generate a bias magnetic field.
  • the control current only provides balanced load or interference control magnetic flux, which greatly reduces
  • the commonality of the existing hybrid magnetic bearing structure is the single-piece structure design in which all the radial suspension teeth are on the same plane.
  • the radial suspension teeth wind the control winding to generate radial control magnetic flux, which interacts with the corresponding bias magnetic flux to generate the radial magnetic flux.
  • the hybrid magnetic bearing of this structure realizes the suspension of two degrees of freedom in the radial direction in a single piece, resulting in the coupling of the radial suspension force and the complicated control.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to propose a new radial two-degree-of-freedom six-pole AC/DC hybrid magnetic bearing, three pairs of levitation teeth are independently designed, and the levitation force is not coupled, and the control is simple.
  • a new structure of radial two-degree-of-freedom six-pole AC/DC hybrid magnetic bearing including a stator and a rotor located in the inner ring of the stator.
  • the stator includes a left control core, a middle control core, and a right control core, which are respectively closely connected to the left control core.
  • the rotor includes a rotor iron core and a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft passing through In the rotor core;
  • the three control cores have two suspension teeth evenly distributed along the inner circumference, the four suspension teeth on the left and right control cores are all bent in the direction of the middle control core, and the six suspension teeth are close to the rotor
  • One end surface of the iron core matches the arc of the circumferential surface of the rotor iron core, and has the same axial width and position as the rotor iron core, and a radial air gap with the same air gap length is formed between it and the rotor iron core;
  • the six suspensions The teeth are all wound with a centralized control winding, and the two permanent magnet rings located outside the left control core and the right control core have the same polarity, and are opposite to the outer permanent magnet
  • the six suspension teeth differ from each other by 60 degrees on the circumference, and the width of the pair of suspension teeth on the middle control core is twice the width of the suspension teeth on the left and right control cores.
  • the paired control windings on the three control cores are connected in series in the same direction and then powered by a three-phase inverter, or the four control windings on the left and right control cores are connected in series in the same direction, and the two control windings on the middle control core are connected in series in the same direction. After the windings are connected in series in the same direction, they are powered by different DC switching power amplifiers.
  • the magnetic bridge is made of a magnetic material
  • the left, center, and right control cores and the rotor core are laminated with silicon steel sheets
  • the three permanent magnetic rings are made of rare earth permanent magnetic materials.
  • the three pairs of suspension teeth of the present invention are designed independently, and the suspension teeth on the control core are designed to be bent inward, so that the six suspension teeth on the three control cores are radially coplanar with the rotor core, thus ensuring that the 6 suspension teeth are close to the rotor
  • One end of the core is directly opposite to the position of the rotor core.
  • the control magnetic flux generated by the energization of the suspension winding on each control core only passes through itself, the air gap and the rotor to form a closed loop.
  • the suspension force control is not coupled and the control is simple.
  • the six suspension teeth of the present invention are 60 degrees different from each other on the circumference and the width of the pair of suspension teeth on the control core is twice the width of the suspension teeth on the left and right control cores, which can ensure six radial air gaps.
  • the bias flux is equal.
  • the permanent magnet rings on the left and right control cores of the present invention are opposite in polarity to the permanent magnet rings on the middle control core.
  • the bias magnetic flux starts from the N poles of the permanent magnet rings on the left and right control cores and passes through the left and right.
  • the suspension teeth of the control iron core, the left and right control the radial air gap of the iron core, the rotor iron core, the radial air gap of the middle control iron core, and the suspension teeth of the middle control iron core return to the S pole of the permanent magnet ring on the middle control iron core to form a closed Loop.
  • Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of a six-pole AC/DC hybrid magnetic bearing with two degrees of freedom in the radial direction of a new structure of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a diagram of the bias magnetic flux of a six-pole AC/DC hybrid magnetic bearing with two degrees of freedom in the radial direction of a new structure of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a left view of a six-pole AC/DC hybrid magnetic bearing with two degrees of freedom in the radial direction of a new structure of the present invention.
  • first and second are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined with “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, “plurality” means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.
  • the terms “installed”, “connected”, “connected”, “fixed” and other terms should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. , Or integrated; it can be mechanically connected or electrically connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, it can be the internal connection of two components or the interaction relationship between two components, unless otherwise specified The limit.
  • installed can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. , Or integrated; it can be mechanically connected or electrically connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, it can be the internal connection of two components or the interaction relationship between two components, unless otherwise specified The limit.
  • the specific meanings of the above-mentioned terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.
  • the invention discloses a new radial two-degree-of-freedom six-pole AC/DC hybrid magnetic bearing, which includes a stator and a rotor located on the inner ring of the stator.
  • the stator includes three control cores, three radially magnetized permanent magnet rings, and an annular magnetic bridge 1.
  • the three control cores are the left control core 2, the middle control core 8, and the right control core 10, all of which are of the same size.
  • Ring structure, three radially magnetized permanent magnet rings are tightly connected to the outer side of the left control core 2, the middle control core 8, and the right control core 10, respectively denoted as the left permanent magnet ring 3, the middle permanent magnet ring 7, and the right permanent magnet
  • the ring 9 and the annular magnetic bridge 1 are tightly connected to the outside of the three permanent magnet rings.
  • the rotor includes a cylindrical rotor core 5 and a rotating shaft 4, the rotating shaft 4 penetrates the cylindrical rotor core 5, and the rotor core 5 is located inside the stator (left control core 2, middle control core 8, right control core 10).
  • the left control iron core 2, the left control iron core 8, the left control iron core 10, the three control iron cores are respectively evenly distributed with two suspension teeth along the inner circumference.
  • the two suspension teeth in the left control iron core 2 are marked as the suspension tooth A201 and the suspension tooth B202.
  • the levitation teeth on the control core 8 are marked as levitation teeth C801 and D802
  • the levitation teeth on the right control core 10 are marked as levitation teeth E1001, levitation teeth F1002, levitation teeth A201, levitation teeth B202, levitation teeth E1001, and levitation teeth F1002 All bend in the direction of the middle control core 10 (ie bend in the middle of the two control cores), and the six suspension teeth are 60 degrees apart on the circumference.
  • the width of the suspension tooth C801 and the suspension tooth D802 on the middle control core 8 It is twice the width of floating tooth A201, floating tooth B202, floating tooth E1001, and floating tooth F1002.
  • the arc of the end surface of the six suspension teeth close to the rotor core 5 matches the arc of the circumferential surface of the rotor core 5, and the axial width is in the same position as the axial width of the rotor core 5, as shown in FIG. 2.
  • a centralized control winding 6 is wound on the six levitation teeth.
  • the control windings wound on the levitation tooth A201 and the levitation tooth B202 are respectively denoted as the first control winding 601, the second control winding 602, and the levitation tooth C801.
  • the control windings wound on the levitation tooth D802 are respectively denoted as the fifth control winding 605 and the sixth control winding 606.
  • the control windings wound on the levitation tooth E1001 and the levitation tooth F1002 are respectively denoted as the third control winding 603 and the fourth control winding. Winding 604.
  • the fifth control winding 605 and the sixth control winding 606 are wound in opposite directions to the first control winding 601, the second control winding 602, the third control winding 603, and the fourth control winding 604.
  • a radial air gap 14 with the same air gap length is formed between the six suspension teeth and the rotor core 5, see FIG. 2.
  • the left permanent magnet ring 3 generates the bias magnetic flux 11 on the left control core 2 through the levitation tooth A201, the levitation tooth B202 and the radial air gap 14;
  • the right permanent magnet ring 9 generates on the right control iron core 10 through the levitation tooth E1001, the levitation tooth F1002 and the bias magnetic flux 13 of the radial air gap 14, and the directions of the two bias magnetic fluxes point to the center of the circle.
  • the middle permanent magnet ring 7 generates the bias magnetic flux 12 on the middle control core 8 through the suspension tooth C801, the suspension tooth D802 and the radial air gap 14, and its direction is from the center to the circumference.
  • the fifth control winding 605 and the sixth control winding 606 are connected in series in the same direction
  • the first control winding 601 and the second control winding 602 are connected in series in the same direction
  • the third control winding 603 and the fourth control winding 604 are connected in series in the same direction. It is powered by a three-phase inverter. It is also possible that the four windings of the first control winding 601, the second control winding 602, the third control winding 603, and the fourth control winding 604 are connected in series in the same direction and then powered by a DC switching power amplifier.
  • the fifth control winding 605 and the sixth control winding After the 606 is connected in series in the same direction, it is powered by a DC switching power amplifier.
  • the control magnetic flux generated by the suspension winding on each control core only passes through itself, the air gap and the rotor to form a closed loop.
  • the levitation force is caused by the superposition of the levitation magnetic flux and the bias magnetic flux, so that the air gap magnetic field on the same side as the radial eccentric direction of the rotor is superimposed and weakened, while the air gap magnetic field superimposed in the opposite direction is superimposed and strengthened. The force of the force pulls the rotor back to the radial equilibrium position.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Magnetic Bearings And Hydrostatic Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

一种径向两自由度六极交流/直流混合磁轴承，包括定子、转子；定子包括三片控制铁心（2，8，10）、三个径向磁化永磁环（3，7，9）和一个环形导磁桥（1）；控制铁心（2，8，10）沿内圆周均匀分布两个悬浮齿（201、202，801、802，1001、1002），左侧和右侧控制铁心（2，10）上的两个悬浮齿（201、202，1001、1002）向内弯曲，并与中间控制铁心（8）上的悬浮齿（801、802）、转子铁心（5）轴向宽度相同、径向共面，六个悬浮齿（201、202，801、802，1001、1002）在圆周上互差60度，且中间控制铁心（8）上的悬浮齿（801、802）宽度是左、右侧控制铁心（2，10）上的悬浮齿（201、202，1001、1002）宽度的两倍；六个悬浮齿（201、202，801、802，1001、1002）上均绕制集中式控制绕组（601-606）；转子包括转子铁心（5）与转轴（4）。三个永磁环（3，7，9）分别给三片控制铁心（2，8，10）提供静态偏置磁通，径向控制绕组（601-606）通电产生的径向控制磁通仅在各自的控制铁心（2，8，10）内形成闭合路径，悬浮力控制无耦合，控制简单。

Description

新结构径向两自由度六极交流/直流混合磁轴承 技术领域
本发明涉及一种磁悬浮磁轴承，特指一种结构新颖的径向两自由度交流/直流混合磁轴承，可作为飞轮系统、机床电主轴、离心机等高速传动部件的无接触悬浮支承。
背景技术
磁轴承是利用定子和转子之间的电磁力将转子悬浮于空间，使定、转子之间没有机械接触的一种新型高性能轴承。目前，磁轴承按照磁力提供的方式分为以下三种：(1)主动磁轴承，由偏置电流产生偏置磁场，控制电流产生的控制磁通与偏置磁通相互叠加，从而产生可控的悬浮力，该种磁轴承体积、重量和功耗都比较大；(2)被动磁轴承，悬浮力完全由永磁体提供，所需的控制器简单，悬浮功耗小，但是刚度和阻尼都较小，一般运用于仅在一个方向上支撑物体或者是减轻作用在传统轴承上的负荷；(3)混合磁轴承，是采用永磁材料替代主动磁轴承中的电磁铁来产生偏置磁场，控制电流仅提供平衡负载或干扰的控制磁通，大大降低了磁轴承的功率损耗，缩小了磁轴承的体积，减轻其重量，并提高了承载能力。
现有的混合磁轴承结构共性都是径向所有悬浮齿在同一平面的单片结构设计，径向悬浮齿绕制控制绕组产生径向控制磁通，与相应的偏置磁通相互作用产生径向悬浮力。该结构的混合磁轴承径向两自由度悬浮在单片中实现，导致径向悬浮力存在耦合，控制复杂。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提出一种新结构径向两自由度六极交流/直流混合磁轴承，三对悬浮齿分别独立设计，实现悬浮力无耦合，控制简单。
本发明通过以下技术方案实现：
一种新结构径向两自由度六极交流/直流混合磁轴承，包括定子以及位于定子内圈的转子，所述定子包括左控制铁心、中控制铁心、右控制铁心、分别紧密连接于左控制铁心、中控制铁心、右控制铁心外侧的的三个径向磁化永磁环和紧密连接于三个永磁环外侧的环形导磁桥；所述转子包括转子铁心与转轴，所述转轴贯穿于转子铁心内；所述三个控制铁心均沿内圆周均匀分布两个悬浮齿，所述左、右控制铁心上的四个悬浮齿均向中控制铁心方向弯曲，所述六个悬浮齿靠近转子铁心一端面与所述转子铁心圆周面弧度匹配，且与所述转子铁心轴向宽度相同且位置正对，其与转子铁心间形成了气隙长度相等的径向气隙；所述六个悬浮齿上均绕制集中式控制绕组，位于左控制铁心和右控制铁心外侧的两个永磁环极性相同，且与中控制铁心外侧永磁环极性相反。
进一步地，所述六个悬浮齿在圆周上互差60度，且中控制铁心上的一对悬浮齿宽度是左、 右控制铁心上的悬浮齿宽度的两倍。
进一步地，三个控制铁心上的成对控制绕组分别同向串联后由三相逆变器供电或左、右控制铁心上的四个控制绕组依次同向串联、中控制铁心上的两个控制绕组同向串联后分别由不同的直流开关功放供电。
进一步地，所述导磁桥由导磁材料制成，所述左、中、右控制铁心和转子铁心由硅钢片叠压而成；所述三个永磁环为稀土永磁材料制成。
有益效果：
1、本发明三对悬浮齿分别独立设计，控制铁心上悬浮齿设计为向内弯曲，使3片控制铁心上的六个悬浮齿与转子铁心径向共面，这样保证6个悬浮齿靠近转子铁心一端与转子铁心位置正对，每个控制铁心上的悬浮绕组通电产生的控制磁通仅经过自身、气隙和转子形成闭合回路，悬浮力控制无耦合，控制简单。
2、本发明六个悬浮齿在圆周上互差60度并设置中控制铁心上的一对悬浮齿宽度是左、右控制铁心上的悬浮齿宽度的两倍，可以确保六个径向气隙偏置磁通相等。
3、本发明左、右控制铁心上的永磁环与中控制铁心上的永磁环极性相反，偏置磁通从左、右控制铁心上的永磁环N极出发，经过左、右控制铁心的悬浮齿，左、右控制铁心的径向气隙，转子铁心，中控制铁心的径向气隙，及中控制铁心悬浮齿回到中控制铁心上的永磁环S极，形成闭合回路。
附图说明
图1为本发明一种新结构径向两自由度六极交流/直流混合磁轴承三维结构图；
图2为本发明一种新结构径向两自由度六极交流/直流混合磁轴承偏置磁通图；
图3为本发明一种新结构径向两自由度六极交流/直流混合磁轴承左视图。
1-导磁桥，2-左控制铁心，201-悬浮齿A，202-悬浮齿B，3-左永磁环，4-转轴，5-转子铁心，6-控制绕组，601-第一控制绕组，602-第二控制绕组，603-第三控制绕组，604-第四控制绕组，605-第五控制绕组，606-第六控制绕组，7-中永磁环，8-中控制铁心，801-悬浮齿C，802-悬浮齿D，9-右永磁环，10-右控制铁心，1001-悬浮齿E，1002-悬浮齿F，11-左永磁环在左控制铁心上产生的经过悬浮齿A、悬浮齿B和径向气隙的偏置磁通，12-中永磁环在中控制铁心上产生的经过悬浮齿C、悬浮齿D和径向气隙的偏置磁通，13-右永磁环在右控制铁心上产生的经过悬浮齿E、悬浮齿F和径向气隙的偏置磁通，14-径向气隙。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明进行具体介绍。
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚 度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”、“轴向”、“径向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。在本发明的描述中，“多个”的含义是至少两个，例如两个，三个等，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本发明中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系，除非另有明确的限定。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
具体实施方式如图1-3所示，本发明公开的一种新结构径向两自由度六极交流/直流混合磁轴承，包括定子和位于定子内圈的转子。
定子包括三片控制铁心、三个径向磁化永磁环和一个环形导磁桥1，三个控制铁心分别为左控制铁心2、中控制铁心8、右控制铁心10，三者为尺寸相同的圆环结构，三个径向磁化永磁环分别紧密连接于左控制铁心2、中控制铁心8、右控制铁心10外侧，分别记为左永磁环3、中永磁环7、右永磁环9，环形导磁桥1紧密连接在三个永磁环外侧。
转子包括圆柱形转子铁心5与转轴4，转轴4贯穿于圆柱形的转子铁心5内，转子铁心5位于定子(左控制铁心2、中控制铁心8、右控制铁心10)内部。
左控制铁心2、左控制铁心8、左控制铁心10三个控制铁心沿内圆周分别均匀分布两个悬浮齿，左控制铁心2内的两个悬浮齿记为悬浮齿A201、悬浮齿B202，中控制铁心8上的悬浮齿记为悬浮齿C801、悬浮齿D802，右控制铁心10上的悬浮齿记为悬浮齿E1001、悬浮齿F1002，悬浮齿A201、悬浮齿B202、悬浮齿E1001、悬浮齿F1002均向中控制铁心10方向弯曲(即向两个控制铁心中间弯曲)，六个悬浮齿在圆周上互差60度，参见附图3，中间控制铁心8上的悬浮齿C801、悬浮齿D802宽度是悬浮齿A201、悬浮齿B202、悬浮齿E1001、悬浮齿F1002宽度的两倍。六个悬浮齿靠近转子铁心5的一端面弧度与转子铁心5的圆周面弧度匹配，而且轴向宽度与转子铁心5的轴向宽度相同位置正对，参见附图2中显示。
六个悬浮齿上均绕制集中式控制绕组6，参见附图3，悬浮齿A201、悬浮齿B202上绕制的控制绕组分别记为第一控制绕组601、第二控制绕组602，悬浮齿C801、悬浮齿D802上绕 制的控制绕组分别记为第五控制绕组605、第六控制绕组606，悬浮齿E1001、悬浮齿F1002上绕制的控制绕组分别记为第三控制绕组603、第四控制绕组604。第五控制绕组605、第六控制绕组606与第一控制绕组601、第二控制绕组602、第三控制绕组603、第四控制绕组604绕向相反。六个悬浮齿与转子铁心5之间形成了气隙长度相等的径向气隙14，参见附图2。
左永磁环3在左控制铁心2上产生的经过悬浮齿A201、悬浮齿B202和径向气隙14的偏置磁通11；右永磁环9在右控制铁心10上产生的经过悬浮齿E1001、悬浮齿F1002和径向气隙14的偏置磁通13，且两个偏置磁通的方向指向圆心。中永磁环7在中控制铁心8上产生的经过悬浮齿C801、悬浮齿D802和径向气隙14的偏置磁通12，且其方向由圆心指向圆周。
本实施方式中第五控制绕组605、第六控制绕组606同向串联，第一控制绕组601、第二控制绕组602同向串联，第三控制绕组603、第四控制绕组604同向串联，然后由一个三相逆变器供电。也可以第一控制绕组601、第二控制绕组602、第三控制绕组603、第四控制绕组604四个绕组依次同向串联后由一个直流开关功放供电，第五控制绕组605、第六控制绕组606同向串联后由一个直流开关功放供电。
每个控制铁心上的悬浮绕组通电产生的控制磁通仅经过自身、气隙和转子形成闭合回路。悬浮力是由悬浮磁通和偏置磁通相互叠加，使得与转子径向偏心方向相同一侧气隙磁场叠加减弱，而相反方向气隙磁场叠加增强，在转子上产生与转子偏移方向相反的力，将转子拉回径向平衡位置。
本发明方案所公开的技术手段不仅限于上述实施方式所公开的技术手段，还包括由以上技术特征任意组合所组成的技术方案。应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (4)

  1. 一种新结构径向两自由度六极交流/直流混合磁轴承，包括定子以及位于定子内圈的转子，其特征在于，所述定子包括左控制铁心、中控制铁心、右控制铁心、分别紧密连接于左控制铁心、中控制铁心、右控制铁心外侧的的三个径向磁化永磁环和紧密连接于三个永磁环外侧的环形导磁桥；所述转子包括转子铁心与转轴，所述转轴贯穿于转子铁心内；所述三个控制铁心均沿内圆周均匀分布两个悬浮齿，所述左、右控制铁心上的四个悬浮齿均向中控制铁心方向弯曲，所述六个悬浮齿靠近转子铁心一端面与所述转子铁心圆周面弧度匹配，且与所述转子铁心轴向宽度相同且位置正对，其与转子铁心间形成了气隙长度相等的径向气隙；所述六个悬浮齿上均绕制集中式控制绕组，位于左控制铁心和右控制铁心外侧的两个永磁环极性相同，且与中控制铁心外侧永磁环极性相反。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种新结构径向两自由度六极交流/直流混合磁轴承，其特征在于，所述六个悬浮齿在圆周上互差60度，且中控制铁心上的一对悬浮齿宽度是左、右控制铁心上的悬浮齿宽度的两倍。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种新结构径向两自由度六极交流/直流混合磁轴承，其特征在于，三个控制铁心上的成对控制绕组分别同向串联后由三相逆变器供电或左、右控制铁心上的四个控制绕组依次同向串联、中控制铁心上的两个控制绕组同向串联后分别由不同的直流开关功放供电。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3任一所述的一种新结构径向两自由度六极交流/直流混合磁轴承，其特征在于，所述导磁桥由导磁材料制成，所述左、中、右控制铁心和转子铁心由硅钢片叠压而成；所述三个永磁环为稀土永磁材料制成。
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