WO2021142857A1 - 一种高空安全弹射逃生系统 - Google Patents

一种高空安全弹射逃生系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021142857A1
WO2021142857A1 PCT/CN2020/073078 CN2020073078W WO2021142857A1 WO 2021142857 A1 WO2021142857 A1 WO 2021142857A1 CN 2020073078 W CN2020073078 W CN 2020073078W WO 2021142857 A1 WO2021142857 A1 WO 2021142857A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ejection
unit
escape
hook
backpack
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PCT/CN2020/073078
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
姜文亮
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中交第二公路工程局有限公司
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Priority to DE112020000966.1T priority Critical patent/DE112020000966B4/de
Publication of WO2021142857A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021142857A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B1/00—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like
    • A62B1/06—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B1/00—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like
    • A62B1/06—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices
    • A62B1/16—Life-saving ropes or belts
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B1/00—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like
    • A62B1/06—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices
    • A62B1/18—Other single parts for rope lowering-devices, e.g. take-up rollers for ropes, devices for shooting ropes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a high-altitude safe escape technology, in particular to a high-altitude safe ejection escape system. It belongs to the field of safety equipment.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to consider previous high-altitude operations, especially for operations at ultra-high altitudes (building heights above 100m), and its measures often bring relatively high risks, and to provide a safe and efficient high-altitude safe ejection escape system for implementation. Better solve self-help and other rescues in unexpected situations. To provide emergency rescue for people in the emergency environment in the event of unexpected situations such as earthquakes and fires during high-altitude construction and operations.
  • a high-altitude safe ejection escape system at least includes: an ejection unit and a rapid-descent escape unit.
  • the rapid descent escape unit is used to carry the operators on the work platform of the high tower or building. When an accidental escape occurs from a high altitude, it slows down the descent speed and realizes a safe landing.
  • the ejection unit is fixed on the embedded part on the top of the high tower or the building, and can monitor and obtain the position information of the rapid descent escape unit.
  • the ejection unit opens the ejection hook ,
  • the position of the downhill escape unit is tracked directionally and the ejection hook is projected; the operator gets the ejection hook and connects the ejection hook with the backpack hook of the downhill escape unit to realize downhill escape.
  • the ejection unit can realize a directional tracking rappelling escape unit, and the descent speed of the ejection hook of the ejection unit is greater than the displacement speed of the rappelling escape unit.
  • the ejection unit includes a base, a stopper, a sensing device, an ejection hook, a forced energy storage device, and a rope;
  • the forced energy storage device is horizontally arranged on the embedded part on the top of a tall tower or a building through the base
  • the ejection hook is arranged in the forced energy storage device through a rope, and is located at the launch end of the forced energy storage device ;
  • the sensing device is set on the ejection hook.
  • the sensing device includes a remote control and a position sensor.
  • the ejection unit obtains the distance between the ejection hook and the rappelling escape unit through the remote control or the position sensor. When the distance is 0.6-0.3m, the ejection hook and the rappelling escape unit are controlled. The distance remains the same.
  • the rappelling escape unit is a rappelling escape backpack with a reflective marking tape and a panoramic camera on the outside.
  • the downhill escape backpack with a reflective marking belt and a panoramic camera on the outside includes: a backpack, a strap, a sensor and a button, and the strap, the sensor and the button are all arranged on a vertical bottom plate inside the backpack;
  • the outer side of the backpack is provided with a reflective identification band
  • the top of the backpack is provided with a panoramic camera
  • the inner side of the backpack is provided with a gear motor mechanism and an escape rope;
  • the gear motor mechanism is fixed on the bottom plate, and the output shaft of the gear motor mechanism is connected with a winding mechanism With the intermittent brake mechanism, the winding mechanism is connected with a backpack hook that can extend out of the backpack through an escape cable.
  • the descending speed of the rapid descent escape unit is less than 3m/s; the time from when the ejection unit receives the instruction to the start of the ejection action is not more than 0.5s.
  • the ejection unit obtains the position information of the rappelling escape unit through positioning signals, and monitors the change information of the displacement of the rappelling escape unit in real time; the rappelling escape unit sends information to the ejection unit, and the ejection unit is based on the received information Determine whether there is a sudden change in its position. When the sudden change in displacement is greater than 2.5m/s, the ejection unit will start and project the ejection hook to the position of the rappelling escape unit, or take a remote control to eject the ejection unit's command.
  • an alarm button which is arranged on the work platform, and is used to obtain an alarm message when the rappelling escape unit sends a command signal to the ejection unit.
  • alarms are installed at the lower end of high towers or buildings, signal terminal receiving units and other emergency response units are installed on the ground; ejection units, alarm buttons, and emergency response units Both the unit and the alarm are connected with other emergency response units through the signal terminal receiving unit.
  • the present invention applies the downhill escape unit to high-altitude construction and operations. Because the downhill escape backpack used in the downhill escape unit has the advantages of corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance, strong wear resistance, insulation and long life, etc., and The escape rope can withstand a fire temperature above 500°C, bear a load weight above 500kg, and is a fire-retardant, flame-retardant polycrystalline fire-resistant lightweight fiber with a weight of 10-15g/m. At the same time, it can ensure that more than 2 people are on the same rope at the same time. ; So self-rescue is quick and safe.
  • the downhill escape backpack of the present invention has a reflective identification tape and a panoramic camera on the outside, and the reflective identification tape can provide a location at night to facilitate rescue.
  • the panoramic camera can better observe and provide better information for the survivors.
  • the ejection unit of the present invention can realize automatic induction synchronous ejection, automatic speed reaching, automatic linkage, and automatic induction.
  • high-altitude operators only need to connect the ejection hook of the ejection unit and the hook of the rappelling escape unit. , You can achieve high-altitude safe escape.
  • the high-altitude safety ejection escape system provided by the present invention not only has a reasonable layout structure, but also integrates the safety release alarm unit and the signal terminal receiving unit with other emergency response units, which greatly enriches the safety interface and integrates various situations on the spot. Work judgments to prevent and respond to emergencies.
  • the present invention has a high degree of automation, can be operated by skilled operators according to needs, has good effect, effectively solves the disadvantages of other protections, and has low cost, greatly saves cost investment, reduces safety risks for workers, and effectively improves intrinsic safety .
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the high-altitude safety ejection system of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ejection unit
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the speed drop escape unit.
  • a high-altitude safe ejection escape system at least includes: an ejection unit 2, a rapid-descent escape unit 4;
  • the rapid descent escape unit 4 is used to carry the operator 5 on the work platform 6 of the high tower or the building 1, and when an accident occurs to escape from a high altitude, it slows down the descent speed and realizes a safe landing.
  • the ejection unit 2 is fixed on the embedded part on the top of the high tower or the building 1, and can obtain the position information of the detection rapid descent escape unit 4.
  • the ejection unit 2 opens the ejection hook, tracks the position of the downhill escape unit 4 and projects the ejection hook; the operator gets the ejection hook and connects the ejection hook to the backpack hook of the downhill escape unit 4 to achieve downhill escape.
  • the ejection unit 2 includes a base 2-1, a stopper 2-2, a sensing device 2-3, an ejection hook 2-4, and a forced energy storage device 2 -5 and ropes 2-6;
  • the forced energy storage device 2-5 is horizontally arranged on the embedded part on the top of the tall tower or building 1 through the base 2-1;
  • the cut-off device 2-2 is more Are arranged symmetrically on the upper and lower side walls of the forced energy storage device 2-5;
  • the ejection hook 2-4 is arranged in the forced energy storage device 2-5 through the rope 2-6, and is located in the forced energy storage device 2-5
  • the sensing device 2-3 is arranged on the ejection hook 2-4.
  • the ejection unit 2 can realize the directional tracking of the rappelling escape unit 4, and the descent speed of the ejection hook of the ejection unit 2 is greater than the displacement speed of the rappelling escape unit 4.
  • the sensing device 2-3 includes a remote control, a sound detection head, and a position sensor.
  • the ejection unit 2 obtains the distance between the ejection hook 2-4 and the rappelling escape unit 4 through the remote control or the sound detection head and the position sensor. When 0.6-0.3m, the distance between the control ejection hook and the rappelling escape unit 4 remains unchanged.
  • the ejection unit 2 can also be an electromagnetic ejector.
  • the downhill escape unit 4 is a downhill escape backpack with a reflective marking tape 4-7 and a panoramic camera 4-6 on the outside.
  • the downhill escape backpack with reflective marking tape 4-7 and panoramic camera 4-6 on the outside includes: backpack 4-11, strap 4-10 And the sensor and button 4-4, the strap 4-10 and the sensor and button 4-4 are all arranged on the vertical bottom plate 4-2 on the inner side of the backpack 4-11; the outer side of the backpack 4-11 is provided with Reflective marking band 4-7, the top of the backpack 4-11 is provided with a panoramic camera 4-6, and the interior of the backpack 4-11 is provided with a gear motor mechanism 4-1 and an escape line 4-8; the gear motor mechanism 4-1 is fixed on On the bottom plate 4-2, the output shaft of the gear motor mechanism 4-1 is connected with the winding mechanism 4-3 and the intermittent brake mechanism 4-5.
  • the winding mechanism 4-3 is connected with the escape cable 4-8 and can be extended.
  • the gear motor mechanism, the winding mechanism and the intermittent brake mechanism are all existing technologies, so they will not be described here.
  • the gear motor mechanism is used to drive the winding mechanism to retract and release the escape line
  • the intermittent brake mechanism is used to control the length of the escape line.
  • the descending speed of the rappelling escape unit 4 can be reduced at a uniform speed under the action of the descending device, and the speed is less than 3m/s; the ejection unit 2 is not more than 0.5s after receiving the instruction to the start of the ejection action.
  • the ejection unit 2 obtains the position information of the rappelling escape unit 4 through remote control and displacement information monitoring to obtain position mutation information; the rappelling escape unit 4 sends information to the ejection unit 2, and the ejection unit 2 determines whether its position is based on the received information When a sudden change occurs, when the sudden change in displacement is greater than 2.5m/s, the ejection unit 2 starts the device to project the ejection hook to the position of the rappelling escape unit 4, or use remote control to launch commands to the ejection unit 2 to achieve the above objectives.
  • the ejection unit 2 of the present invention has the function of positioning and tracking the position of the rappelling escape unit 4 in synchronous displacement linkage.
  • the position of the ejection unit 2 follows the position of the rappelling escape unit 4 for real-time positioning and tracking to ensure that the projection hook can be used. Launch accurately to the position of the downhill escape unit 4.
  • the described high-altitude safety ejection escape system further includes an alarm button 3, which is arranged on the work platform 6, and is used to obtain when the rapid descent escape unit 4 sends a command signal to the ejection unit 2. To send an alarm message.
  • the described high-altitude safety ejection and escape system further includes an alarm 8, a signal terminal receiving unit 7 and other emergency response units 9; the alarm 8 is arranged at the lower end of a high tower or building 1.
  • the signal terminal receiving unit 7 and other emergency response units 9 are arranged on the ground; the ejection unit 2, the alarm button 3, the descending escape unit 4 and the alarm 8 are all connected with other emergency response units 9 through the signal terminal receiving unit 7 with electrical signals.
  • the signal terminal receiving unit 7 may adopt other clients such as mobile phones and computers.
  • the emergency response unit 9 may be an on-site emergency equipment, which belongs to the prior art, and therefore will not be described in detail.
  • the ropes and escape ropes of the present invention are made of polycrystalline fire-resistant lightweight fibers with excellent organic insulation, fire-resistance, corrosion-resistance, heat-insulation, and flame-retardant properties, and belong to the class of flame-retardant webbing. It not only has corrosion resistance and high temperature resistance, but also has the properties of fire retardant, high temperature resistance, strong wear resistance, insulation and heat insulation. It can bear the load weight above 500kg, its fire resistance temperature is above 500°C, good electrical insulation performance, heat resistance and corrosion resistance, stable chemical performance, good wear resistance, good damping, light material weight 10-15g/m, It can be applied to high-altitude fire safety, fire and earthquake escape and rescue scenes.
  • the working process of the present invention the ejection unit 2 fixed on the high tower or building 1, when the operator 5 with the quick-descent escape unit 4 on his back is in danger, the ejection unit 2 monitors or senses the signal and launches The ejection hook of the unit 2 falls on the upper end of the construction work platform 6 or the operator 5.
  • the operator 5 quickly connects the hook of the downhill escape unit 4 with the ejection hook, quickly slides down from the work platform 6 and reaches the ground safely.
  • the on-site security alarm 8 is activated, and the signal is transmitted to the signal terminal receiving unit 7 and then to other emergency response units 9 together.
  • the high-altitude safety ejection escape system of the present invention can be independently controlled by the signal terminal receiving unit, which not only can better ensure safety, save project costs and reduce the safety risks of operators, but also has obvious effects compared with other safety rescue methods. At the same time, the system also has Long life, high efficiency and energy saving, simple operation, low cost and economical and environmental protection.

Abstract

一种高空安全弹射逃生系统，至少包括：弹射单元（2）、速降逃生单元（4）；速降逃生单元（4）用于背负在高塔或建筑物（1）的作业平台（6）上的作业人员（5）身上，当发生意外从高空降落逃生时，减缓下降速度；弹射单元（2）埋设于高塔或建筑物（1）顶部的预埋件上，用于监测速降逃生单元（4）的位置信息，当背负速降逃生单元（4）的作业人员（5）在突发状况下位移发生突变时，或进行遥控指示，弹射单元（2）打开弹射挂钩（2-4），定向跟踪速降逃生单元（4）的位置并投射弹射挂钩（2-4）；作业人员得到弹射挂钩（2-4），将弹射挂钩（2-4）与速降逃生单元（4）的背包挂钩（4-9）连接后可实现速降逃生；以便更好地解决出现意外情况下的自救和他救。

Description

一种高空安全弹射逃生系统 技术领域
本发明涉及一种高空安全逃生技术，具体涉及一种高空安全弹射逃生系统。属于安全设备领域。
背景技术
对于高空作业一般的安全防护需要配置安全帽、安全带和安全网，即“安全三宝”。按规定进入危险场所，必须戴好符合安全标准的安全帽，并系好帽带，防止人员坠落时帽子脱落，失去防护作用；凡在2m以上悬空作业人员，必须配带合格的安全带，如悬空作业场地没有系挂安全带的条件时，应制定措施，为作业人员设置挂安全带用的安全拉绳、安全栏杆等。凡无外架防护作业点，必须在离地4m高处搭设固定的安全平网，高层施工还应隔四层再安设一道固定的安全平网，并同时设一层随墙体逐层上升的安全平网。
对100m以上的超高建筑物，以往的安全防护仍不能很好的完成防护，特别是高空坠落伤由于高能的释放效应，会造成非常大的危害，在紧急状况下的逃生就需要有一个良好的解决方案。一般高空坠落除死亡外，最常见的如颅脑的、脑挫裂伤等损伤，会造成人体在功能上、智力上非常大的损害，还会波及到脊髓功能的损害，造成颈椎或者胸段的骨折脱位，造成脊髓的损伤；胸部伤害会造成肺部损伤、肋骨骨折等较为严重的损害，对上肢功能影响非常大。腹部、盆腔部的外伤，尤其骨盆骨折，会造成肾脏挫裂伤，尿道、肠 破裂的断裂等伤害，这些损伤都是坠落伤的特点。
根据数据统计，建筑工地上50％的施工事故是高处坠落。在进行高空或超高空(100m以上)作业时，只有对操作作业实施做好必要的防护救援措施，才能保证安全工作操作的万无一失，以确保作业人员的人身安全。
发明内容
本发明的目的是考虑以往高空作业，特别针对超高空(建筑高度超过100m以上)的作业，其措施常带来相对较多风险的状态，提供一种实施安全高效的高空安全弹射逃生系统，以便更好地解决出现意外情况下的自救和他救。为高空施工和作业时在出现意外情况，如地震、火灾等突发情况，对处在该紧急状况环境下人员进行应急救援。
为此，本发明所采用的技术方案如下：
一种高空安全弹射逃生系统，至少包括：弹射单元、速降逃生单元。
速降逃生单元用于背负在高塔或建筑物的作业平台上的作业人员身上，当发生意外逃生人员从高空降落逃生时，减缓下降速度,实现安全降落。
弹射单元固定于高塔或建筑物顶部的预埋件上，可监测获取速降逃生单元的位置信息，当背负降逃生单元的作业人员位移发生突变时，或进行遥控指示，弹射单元打开弹射挂钩，定向跟踪速降逃 生单元的位置并投射弹射挂钩；作业人员得到弹射挂钩，将弹射挂钩与速降逃生单元的背包挂钩连接后可实现速降逃生。
进一步，所述的弹射单元可实现定向跟踪速降逃生单元，弹射单元的弹射挂钩下降速度大于速降逃生单元的位移速度。
进一步，所述的弹射单元包括基座、截止器、感应装置、弹射挂钩、强迫储能装置和绳索；所述的强迫储能装置通过基座水平设置在高塔或建筑物顶部的预埋件上；所述的截止器为多个，上下对称地设置在强迫储能装置内的上下侧壁上；所述的弹射挂钩通过绳索设置在强迫储能装置内，并位于强迫储能装置发射端；所述的感应装置设置在弹射挂钩上。
进一步，所述的感应装置包括遥控器和位置传感器，弹射单元通过遥控器或位置传感器获取弹射挂钩与速降逃生单元的距离，当距离在0.6-0.3m时，控制弹射挂钩与速降逃生单元的距离保持不变。
进一步，所述的速降逃生单元为外部带有反光标识带和全景摄像头的速降逃生背包。
进一步，所述的外部带有反光标识带和全景摄像头的速降逃生背包包括：背包、背带和感应器及按钮，所述背带和感应器及按钮均设置在背包内侧的竖直底板上；所述背包的外侧设置有反光标识带，背包的顶部设置有全景摄像头，背包的内部设置有齿轮电动机构和逃生绳索；齿轮电动机构固定在底板上，齿轮电动机构的输出轴上连接有绕线机构与间歇抱闸机构，绕线机构通过逃生索连接有可以伸出背包外的背包挂钩。
进一步，所述的速降逃生单元的下降速度小于3m/s；所述的弹射单元在接收到指令到弹射动作开始时间不大于0.5s。
进一步，所述的弹射单元获取速降逃生单元的位置信息是通过定位信号获取，并实时监测速降逃生单元的位移的变化信息；速降逃生单元向弹射单元发送信息，弹射单元依据接收的信息判断其位置是否发生突变，当位移突变大于2.5m/s以上时，弹射单元启动并向速降逃生单元位置投射弹射挂钩，或采取遥控对弹射单元发射指令进行弹射。
进一步，还包括报警按钮，设置在作业平台上，用于得到速降逃生单元向弹射单元发送命令信号时，发送报警信息。
进一步，还包括警报器、信号终端接收单元和其他应急响应单元；警报器设置在高塔或建筑物下端，信号终端接收单元和其他应急响应单元设置在地面上；弹射单元、报警按钮、降逃生单元及警报器均通过信号终端接收单元与其他应急响应单元电信号连通。
本发明的有益效果是：
1.本发明是将速降逃生单元运用到高空施工和作业中，由于速降逃生单元中采用的速降逃生背包具有耐腐蚀、耐高温、结实耐磨耗绝缘隔热寿命长等优点，且逃生的绳索可耐火温度在500℃以上，承受的荷载重量在500kg以上，且为防火阻燃多晶耐火轻质纤维，重量10-15g/m，同时保障2个以上的人员同时并行在一条绳索；因此自救快速安全。
2、本发明的速降逃生背包的外部带有反光标识带和全景摄像头， 反光标识带可以为夜间提供位置，方便救援。全景摄像头可以更好的观测，为逃生者更好提供信息。
3、本发明的弹射单元可实现自动感应同步弹射、达到速度自动、联动自动、感应自动，可在紧急情况发生时，高空作业人员只需将弹射单元的弹射挂钩和速降逃生单元的挂钩相连，便可实现高空安全逃生。
4.本发明所提供的高空安全弹射逃生系统，不仅布设结构合理，且将安全释放警报单元及信号终端接收单元和其他应急响应单元集成，极大的丰富了安全界面，将现场的各种情况作业判断加以预防和应急。
5.本发明自动化程度高，可由熟练作业人员根据需要进行操作，效果良好，有效解决了其它防护的弊端，且成本低，大大节约成本投入，减少了工作人员的安全风险，有效提高了本质安全。
附图说明
下面将结合具体实施例及附图对本发明做进一步详细说明：
图1是本发明高空安全弹射逃生系统的结构示意图；
图2是弹射单元的结构示意图；
图3视速降逃生单元局部的结构示意图。
附图标记说明：1、高塔或建筑物；2、弹射单元；3、报警按钮；4、速降逃生单元；5、作业人员；6、作业平台；7、信号终端接收单元；8、警报器；9、应急响应单元；2-1、基座；2-2、截止器；2-3、感应装置；2-4、弹射挂钩；2-5、强迫储能装置；2-6、 绳索；4-1、齿轮电动机构；4-2、底板；4-3、绕线机构；4-4、感应器及按钮；4-5、间歇抱闸机构；4-6、全景摄像头；4-7、反光标识带；4-8、逃生索；4-9、背包挂钩；4-10、背带；4-11、背包。
具体实施方式
实施例1
如图1所示，一种高空安全弹射逃生系统，至少包括：弹射单元2、速降逃生单元4；
速降逃生单元4用于背负在高塔或建筑物1的作业平台6上的作业人员5身上，当发生意外从高空降落逃生时，减缓下降速度,实现安全降落。
弹射单元2固定于高塔或建筑物1顶部的预埋件上，可获取检测速降逃生单元4的位置信息，当背负降逃生单元4的作业人员位置从高向低突变时位移，或进行遥控指示，弹射单元2打开弹射挂钩，定向跟踪速降逃生单元4的位置并投射弹射挂钩；作业人员得到弹射挂钩，将弹射挂钩与速降逃生单元4的背包挂钩连接后可实现速降逃生。
实施例2
在实施例1的基础上，如图2所示，所述的弹射单元2包括基座2-1、截止器2-2、感应装置2-3、弹射挂钩2-4、强迫储能装置2-5和绳索2-6；所述的强迫储能装置2-5通过基座2-1水平设置在高塔或建筑物1顶部的预埋件上；所述的截止器2-2为多个，上下对称的设置在强迫储能装置2-5内的上下侧壁上；所述的弹射挂钩 2-4通过绳索2-6设置在强迫储能装置2-5内，并位于强迫储能装置2-5发射端；所述的感应装置2-3设置弹射挂钩2-4上。
所述的弹射单元2可实现定向跟踪速降逃生单元4，弹射单元2的弹射挂钩下降速度大于速降逃生单元4的位移速度。
所述的感应装置2-3包括遥控器、声音检测头和位置传感器，弹射单元2通过遥控器或声音检测头和位置传感器获取弹射挂钩2-4与速降逃生单元4的距离，当距离在0.6-0.3m时，控制弹射挂钩与速降逃生单元4的距离保持不变。
所述的弹射单元2也可以是电磁弹射器。
实施例3
在实施例1或2的基础上，所述的速降逃生单元4为外部带有反光标识带4-7和全景摄像头4-6的速降逃生背包。
实施例4
在实施例1或2的基础上，如图3所示，所述的外部带有反光标识带4-7和全景摄像头4-6的速降逃生背包包括：背包4-11、背带4-10和感应器及按钮4-4，所述背带4-10和感应器及按钮4-4均设置在背包4-11内侧的竖直底板4-2上；所述背包4-11的外侧设置有反光标识带4-7，背包4-11的顶部设置有全景摄像头4-6，背包4-11的内部设置有齿轮电动机构4-1和逃生索4-8；齿轮电动机构4-1固定在底板4-2上，齿轮电动机构4-1的输出轴上连接有绕线机构4-3与间歇抱闸机构4-5，绕线机构4-3通过逃生索4-8连接有可以伸出背包4-11外的背包挂钩4-9。齿轮电动机构、绕线机构 和间歇抱闸机构均为现有技术，这里就不做一一描述。通过齿轮电动机构来带动绕线机构收放逃生索，通过间歇抱闸机构来实现逃生索长度的控制。
所述的速降逃生单元4的下降速度在缓降器作用下可匀速下降，其速度小于3m/s；所述的弹射单元2在接收到指令到弹射动作开始时间不大于0.5s。
所述的弹射单元2获取速降逃生单元4的位置信息是通过遥控、位移信息监测得到位置突变信息；速降逃生单元4向弹射单元2发送信息，弹射单元2依据接收的信息确定其位置是否发生突变，当位移突变大于2.5m/s以上时，弹射单元2启动装置向速降逃生单元4位置投射弹射挂钩，或采取遥控对弹射单元2发射指令达到以上目的。
本发明弹射单元2具有定位跟踪速降逃生单元4位置同步位移联动的功能，当速降逃生单元4位移时，弹射单元2位置随速降逃生单元4位置而实时定位跟踪，以保证投射挂钩能准确发射到速降逃生单元4的位置。
实施例5
在实施例3或4的基础上，所述的一种高空安全弹射逃生系统，还包括报警按钮3，设置在作业平台6上，用于得到速降逃生单元4向弹射单元2发送命令信号时，发送报警信息。
实施例6
在实施例5的基础上，所述的一种高空安全弹射逃生系统，还包括一个警报器8、信号终端接收单元7和其他应急响应单元9；警报器8设置在高塔或建筑物1下端，信号终端接收单元7和其他应急响应单元9设置在地面上；弹射单元2、报警按钮3、降逃生单元4及警报器8均通过信号终端接收单元7与其他应急响应单元9电信号连通。信号终端接收单元7可以采用手机、计算机等其它客户端。应急响应单元9可以为现场应急设备，属于现有技术，故不做详细说明。
本发明的绳索和逃生索的材质均为有机绝缘耐火耐腐蚀隔热阻燃性能优异的多晶耐火轻质纤维，属阻燃织带类。不仅具有耐腐蚀、耐高温，还有防火阻燃耐高温结实耐磨耗绝缘隔热等性能。能承受的荷载重量在500kg以上,其耐火温度在500℃以上，电绝缘性能好，耐热耐腐蚀，化学性能稳定，耐磨性好，阻尼性好，轻质材料重量10-15g/m，可应用于高空消防安全、火灾、地震的逃生和救援现场。
本发明的工作过程：固定在高塔或建筑物1上的弹射单元2，当背有速降逃生单元4的作业人员5在遇到危险时，弹射单元2监测或感应到信号后，从弹射单元2弹出的弹出挂钩，落在施工作业平台6或作业人员5上端，作业人员5快速将速降逃生单元4的挂钩与弹出挂钩相连，快速从作业平台6上向下滑行，安全到达地面。
与此同时现场安全警报器8被启动，信号并传递到信号终端接收单元7，与此一并传递到其他应急响应单元9。
本发明高空安全弹射逃生系统可以通过信号终端接收单元的自主控制，不仅能更好的保证安全、节约项目成本及减少作业人员的安全风险，且对比其它安全救援方式效果明显，同时本系统还具有寿命长、高效节能、操作简单、使用成本低且经济环保。
以上实施例没有具体描述的部分都属于本技术领域的公知部件和常用结构或常用手段，此处不再一一详细说明。
以上例举仅仅是对本发明的举例说明，并不构成对本发明的保护范围的限制，凡是与本发明相同或相似的设计均属于本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种高空安全弹射逃生系统，其特征是：至少包括：弹射单元(2)、速降逃生单元(4)；
    速降逃生单元(4)用于背负在高塔或建筑物(1)的作业平台(6)上的作业人员(5)身上，当发生意外从高空降落逃生时，减缓下降速度,实现安全降落；
    弹射单元(2)固定于高塔或建筑物(1)顶部的预埋件上，可监测获取速降逃生单元(4)的位置信息，当背负降逃生单元(4)的作业人员位置在突发状况下其位移发生突变时，或进行遥控指示，弹射单元(2)打开弹射挂钩，定向跟踪速降逃生单元(4)的位置并投射弹射挂钩；作业人员得到弹射挂钩，将弹射挂钩与速降逃生单元(4)的背包挂钩连接后可实现速降逃生。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种高空安全弹射逃生系统，其特征是：所述的弹射单元(2)可实现定向跟踪速降逃生单元(4)，弹射单元(2)的弹射挂钩下降速度大于速降逃生单元(4)的移动速度。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种高空安全弹射逃生系统，其特征是：所述的弹射单元(2)包括基座(2-1)、截止器(2-2)、感应装置(2-3)、弹射挂钩(2-4)、强迫储能装置(2-5)和绳索(2-6)；所述的强迫储能装置(2-5)通过基座(2-1)水平设置在高塔或建筑物(1)顶部的预埋件上；所述的截止器(2-2)为多个，上下对称设置在强迫储能装置(2-5)内的上下侧壁上；所述的弹射挂钩(2-4)通过绳索(2-6)设置在强迫储能装置(2-5)内，并位于强迫储能 装置(2-5)发射端；所述的感应装置(2-3)设置弹射挂钩(2-4)上。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种高空安全弹射逃生系统，其特征是：所述的感应装置(2-3)包括遥控器和位置传感器，弹射单元(2)通过遥控器或位置传感器获取弹射挂钩(2-4)与速降逃生单元(4)的距离，当距离在0.6-0.3m时，控制弹射挂钩与速降逃生单元(4)的距离保持不变。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种高空安全弹射逃生系统，其特征是：所述的速降逃生单元(4)为外部带有反光标识带(4-7)和全景摄像头(4-6)的速降逃生背包。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种高空安全弹射逃生系统，其特征是：所述的外部带有反光标识带(4-7)和全景摄像头(4-6)的速降逃生背包包括：背包(4-11)、背带(4-10)和感应器及按钮(4-4)，所述背带(4-10)和感应器及按钮(4-4)均设置在背包(4-11)内侧的竖直底板(4-2)上；所述背包(4-11)的外侧设置有反光标识带(4-7)，背包(4-11)的顶部设置有全景摄像头(4-6)，背包(4-11)的内部设置有齿轮电动机构(4-1)和逃生索(4-8)；齿轮电动机构(4-1)固定在底板(4-2)上，齿轮电动机构(4-1)的输出轴上连接有绕线机构(4-3)与间歇抱闸机构(4-5)，绕线机构(4-3)通过逃生索(4-8)连接有可以伸出背包(4-11)外的背包挂钩(4-9)。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种高空安全弹射逃生系统，其特征是：所述的速降逃生单元(4)的下降速度小于3m/s；所述的弹射单元(2)在接收到指令到弹射动作开始时间不大于0.5s。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种高空安全弹射逃生系统，其特征是：所述的弹射单元(2)通过其监测装置获取速降逃生单元(4)的位置突变信息，或速降逃生单元(4)向弹射单元(2)发送信号，弹射单元(2)在接收信息后可自动确定速降逃生单元(4)位置是否发生突变，当速降逃生单元(4)的位移突变速度大于2.5m/s以上时，弹射单元(2)向速降逃生单元(4)位置投射弹射挂钩，或采取遥控对弹射单元(2)发射指令。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的一种高空安全弹射逃生系统，其特征是：还包括报警按钮(3)，设置在作业平台(6)上，用于得到速降逃生单元(4)向弹射单元(2)发送命令信号时，发送报警信息。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的一种高空安全弹射逃生系统，其特征是：还包括警报器(8)、信号终端接收单元(7)和其他应急响应单元(9)；警报器(8)设置在高塔或建筑物(1)下端，信号终端接收单元(7)和其他应急响应单元(9)设置在地面上；弹射单元(2)、报警按钮(3)、降逃生单元(4)及警报器(8)均通过信号终端接收单元(7)与其他应急响应单元(9)电信号连通。
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